JP3074490B2 - Starting the shield machine - Google Patents
Starting the shield machineInfo
- Publication number
- JP3074490B2 JP3074490B2 JP03195032A JP19503291A JP3074490B2 JP 3074490 B2 JP3074490 B2 JP 3074490B2 JP 03195032 A JP03195032 A JP 03195032A JP 19503291 A JP19503291 A JP 19503291A JP 3074490 B2 JP3074490 B2 JP 3074490B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- shield machine
- bag body
- granular material
- starting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、シールドマシンの発進
方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for starting a shield machine.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、図５に示すように、連続地中壁工
法あるいはケーソン工法等で施工された発進立坑ａか
ら、シールドマシンｂを発進させる場合、立坑ａ前面の
地山を地盤改良ｃによって補強し、これによって前面地
山の安定化を図った後、発進に必要な断面積分の立坑壁
を壊し、発進に至る方法が一般的である。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, when a shield machine b is started from a starting shaft a constructed by a continuous underground wall method or a caisson method, the ground in front of the shaft a is improved by ground improvement c. Generally, a method of stabilizing the ground in front of the ground, thereby breaking the vertical shaft wall of the sectional integral required for starting, and leading to starting is common.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記の従来技術には、
次のような問題点が存在する。 ＜イ＞鉄筋コンクリート等の立坑壁を壊す作業は容易で
なく、工期及び工費の増加を招く。 ＜ロ＞鉄筋コンクリート等の廃材の処理に費用がかか
る。 ＜ハ＞立坑前面の地盤改良工事が必要であり、工期及び
工費が増加する。 ＜ニ＞地盤改良に薬液注入等を用いる場合は、地下水汚
染の原因となる。 ＜ホ＞地盤改良を伴う発進方法は、大深度になるほど工
期及び工費がかかるため、大深度施工には適さない。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above prior arts include:
The following problems exist. <B> The work of breaking the shaft of reinforced concrete etc. is not easy, resulting in an increase in the construction period and construction cost. <B> It costs money to treat waste materials such as reinforced concrete. <C> Ground improvement work in front of the shaft is required, which increases construction period and cost. <D> If chemical injection is used for ground improvement, it may cause groundwater contamination. <E> The starting method with ground improvement is not suitable for deep construction because the construction time and construction cost increase as the depth increases.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記のような
問題点を解決するためになされたもので、工期の短縮及
び工費の低減が可能で、また地下水汚染を解消でき、し
かも大深度施工に適用可能なシールドマシンの発進方法
を提供することを目的とする。即ち本発明は、シールド
マシンの発進立坑壁を地中に構築し、立坑壁の内部を掘
削した後に、立坑内にシールドマシンを搬入し、シール
ドマシンにより立坑壁を掘削して地中に発進させる方法
において、立坑壁を構築する際に、立坑壁のシールドマ
シンの発進部分を、粒状体を封入した気密性の袋体を配
置して箱抜きし、袋体内は連通管により外部と連通して
おき、次に、前記連通管を介して袋体内の空気を吸引し
て内圧を低下させた状態で、立坑壁の内部を掘削して立
坑を完成し、シールドマシンの発進の際には、袋体内の
内圧を立坑内部掘削時よりも上昇させ、かつ連通管を介
して袋体内に止水材を注入し、シールドマシンにより粒
状体を掘削して、地中に発進させることを特徴とした、
シールドマシンの発進方法である。 また、上記のシー
ルドマシンの発進方法において、袋体内には粒状体と液
体を封入し、連通管を介して袋体内の液体を吸引して内
圧を低下させた状態で、立坑壁の内部を掘削して立坑を
完成させることを特徴とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can shorten the construction period and the construction cost, can eliminate the groundwater pollution, and have a large depth. An object of the present invention is to provide a starting method of a shield machine applicable to construction. That is, the present invention constructs a starting shaft of a shield machine in the ground, excavates the inside of the shaft, loads the shield machine into the shaft, excavates the shaft by the shield machine, and starts the vehicle underground. In the method, when constructing the shaft shaft, the starting portion of the shield machine of the shaft shaft is placed in an air-tight bag body enclosing the granular material and boxed out, and the bag body is communicated with the outside by a communication pipe. Then, in a state where the air inside the bag body is sucked through the communication pipe to reduce the internal pressure, the inside of the shaft is excavated to complete the shaft, and when the shield machine starts, the bag is closed. The internal pressure in the body was raised more than when excavating inside the shaft, and water-stopping material was injected into the bag body through the communication pipe, the granular material was excavated by the shield machine, and it was started underground.
This is the starting method of the shield machine. Further, in the above-described starting method of the shield machine, the inside of the shaft wall is excavated in a state where the granular material and the liquid are sealed in the bag body, and the liquid in the bag body is sucked through the communication pipe to reduce the internal pressure. And complete the shaft.
【０００５】[0005]
【実施例】以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明の一実施
例について説明する。 ＜イ＞袋体の構造（図２） 袋体１は、ゴム、合成樹脂等の撓性及び気密性に優れた
材料で作製する。袋体１内には、図２に示すように、
砂、砂利、またはこれらの混合材料等の粒状体１１を封
入する。補強材として繊維ファイバーを混入する場合も
ある。また、上記粒状体１１とともに、水やオイル等の
液体を封入する場合もある。そして袋体１の上部等に、
連通管１２を連通させて立ち上げる。袋体１の形状は、
方形、円形等特に限定はないが、図２に示すように、幅
Ｈは立坑壁の幅とほぼ等しく形成し、またシールドマシ
ンにより掘削、開口される表裏の掘削面１３は、シール
ドマシンの断面外形を完全に収納できる面積とする。な
お、粒状体１１を袋体１内に詰める場合は、型枠１４内
に仮設的に袋体１を収納することによって、袋体１の形
状を正確かつ容易に整えることができる。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. <A> Structure of bag body (FIG. 2) The bag body 1 is made of a material having excellent flexibility and airtightness such as rubber and synthetic resin. In the bag 1, as shown in FIG.
A granular material 11 such as sand, gravel, or a mixed material thereof is enclosed. In some cases, fiber fibers are mixed as a reinforcing material. A liquid such as water or oil may be enclosed together with the granular material 11. And on the upper part of the bag 1, etc.
The communication pipe 12 is communicated to start up. The shape of the bag 1 is
Although not particularly limited, such as a square shape and a circular shape, as shown in FIG. 2, the width H is formed substantially equal to the width of the shaft wall. Make the area that can completely store the external shape. When the granular material 11 is packed in the bag 1, the shape of the bag 1 can be accurately and easily adjusted by temporarily storing the bag 1 in the mold frame 14.
【０００６】＜ロ＞立坑壁の構築（図１） 立坑壁２は、連続地中壁工法あるいはケーソン工法等の
公知の方法により構築する。立坑壁２を構築する際に
は、図１に示すように、立坑壁２のシールドマシンの発
進部分を、上記の粒状体１１を封入した袋体１を配置し
て箱抜きし、袋体１内は連通管１２により外部と連通し
ておく。この場合、袋体１は、立坑壁２の躯体内に配筋
する鉄筋籠や鉄骨に取り付けて立坑溝内に建て込むか、
地上でケーソン躯体を構築する。<B> Construction of shaft shaft (FIG. 1) The shaft 2 is constructed by a known method such as a continuous underground wall method or a caisson method. When constructing the shaft 2, as shown in FIG. 1, the starting portion of the shield machine of the shaft 2 is placed in a bag 1 in which the above-mentioned granular material 11 is sealed, and the box 1 is removed. The inside is communicated with the outside by a communication pipe 12. In this case, the bag 1 is attached to a reinforcing rod cage or a steel frame arranged in the frame of the shaft 2 and is built in the shaft or
Build a caisson skeleton on the ground.
【０００７】＜ハ＞立坑壁内の掘削（図１） 立坑壁２の構築後、立坑壁２内を所定深度まで掘削す
る。このとき、連通管１２を介して袋体１内の空気又は
液体を、真空ポンプ等で吸引して内圧を低下させ、粒状
体１１を疑似固結体化させた状態で掘削を行う。従っ
て、粒状体１１が疑似固結体化することによって、剪断
強さが増加するため、立坑内部の掘削の進行に伴う立坑
前面の土圧、水圧に十分対抗することができ、立坑内部
の掘削に支障を来すことがない。なお、粒状体１１に液
体を混入することによって、吸引装置を簡易（ジャッキ
の油圧ポンプ等）なものとすることができる。<C> Excavation in the vertical shaft wall (FIG. 1) After the vertical shaft wall 2 is constructed, the vertical shaft wall 2 is excavated to a predetermined depth. At this time, the air or liquid in the bag 1 is sucked by the vacuum pump or the like through the communication pipe 12 to reduce the internal pressure, and the excavation is performed in a state where the granular material 11 is pseudo-solidified. Therefore, since the granular material 11 becomes pseudo-consolidated and the shear strength increases, it is possible to sufficiently cope with earth pressure and water pressure at the front of the shaft due to the progress of excavation inside the shaft, and excavation inside the shaft. Does not hinder In addition, by mixing the liquid into the granular material 11, the suction device can be simplified (eg, a hydraulic pump of a jack).
【０００８】＜ニ＞シールドマシンの発進（図３、４） 立坑壁２の内面にシールドマシン３の前面を接触させ、
立坑前面の土圧、水圧をシールドマシン３に作用させ
る。次に、袋体１内の空気又は液体の吸引を停止し、袋
体１内の内圧を立坑内部掘削時よりも上昇させ、粒状体
１１の固結力を緩和させて剪断強さを減少させる。ま
た、連通管１２を介して袋体１内に止水材４（水ガラ
ス、ベントナイトモルタル等）を圧入、充填する。これ
らの作業と並行して、シールドマシン３により袋体１を
破り、粒状体１１を掘削して地中に進行させる。以上の
ように、粒状体１１の固結力を緩和させて剪断強さを減
少させた後に、シールドマシン３により粒状体１１を掘
削することによって、容易に掘削を行うことができる。
また、袋体１内には止水材４が充填されているため、地
下水の立坑内への浸入を確実に防止できる。さらに、破
られた袋体の端部１５、１６は、シールドマシン３の外
周面に密着して、止水パッキンの役目をするため、より
確実な止水効果を得ることができる。 なお、粒状体１
１の固結力の強弱は、袋体１内の内圧の調節により任意
に変更できるため、立坑壁２の発進部分の止水性及び土
留め性と、掘削の容易性との観点から適宜選択する。<D> Starting the shield machine (FIGS. 3 and 4) The front surface of the shield machine 3 is brought into contact with the inner surface of the shaft 2,
The earth pressure and water pressure on the front of the shaft are applied to the shield machine 3. Next, the suction of the air or liquid in the bag 1 is stopped, the internal pressure in the bag 1 is increased as compared with the time of excavation in the shaft, the compaction force of the granular material 11 is reduced, and the shear strength is reduced. . In addition, the waterproof material 4 (water glass, bentonite mortar, or the like) is press-fitted into the bag body 1 through the communication pipe 12 and filled. In parallel with these operations, the bag body 1 is broken by the shield machine 3, and the granular material 11 is excavated and advanced into the ground. As described above, excavation can be easily performed by digging the granular material 11 by the shield machine 3 after reducing the compaction force of the granular material 11 to reduce the shear strength.
In addition, since the water blocking material 4 is filled in the bag body 1, infiltration of groundwater into the shaft can be reliably prevented. Furthermore, since the end portions 15 and 16 of the torn bag are in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shield machine 3 and serve as a water stop packing, a more reliable water stop effect can be obtained. In addition, the granular material 1
Since the strength of the consolidation force 1 can be arbitrarily changed by adjusting the internal pressure in the bag 1, the strength is appropriately selected from the viewpoints of the water stopping property and earth retaining property of the starting portion of the shaft wall 2 and the ease of excavation. .
【０００９】[0009]
【本発明の効果】本発明は以上説明したようになるた
め、次のような効果を得ることができる。 ＜イ＞立坑壁内部の掘削時には、袋体内の内圧を低下さ
せ、粒状体を疑似固結体化させるため、剪断強さが増大
する。従って、立坑内部の掘削の進行に伴う立坑前面の
土圧、水圧に十分対抗することができ、立坑内部の掘削
に支障を来すことがない。Since the present invention has been described above, the following effects can be obtained. <A> When excavating the inside of the shaft shaft, the shear strength increases because the internal pressure in the bag is reduced and the granular material is pseudo-solidified. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently counter the earth pressure and water pressure on the front of the shaft due to the progress of the excavation inside the shaft, and there is no hindrance to the excavation inside the shaft.
【００１０】＜ロ＞袋体内の内圧を立坑内部掘削時より
も高め、粒状体の固結力を緩和させて剪断強さを減少さ
せた後に、シールドマシンにより粒状体を掘削する。そ
のため、従来のように鉄筋コンクリート等の立坑壁を壊
す必要がなく、容易に掘削が可能となり、工期の短縮及
び工費の削減を図ることができるとともに、鉄筋コンク
リート等の廃材処理も不要となる。<B> After increasing the internal pressure in the bag body as compared with when excavating inside the shaft and relaxing the compaction force of the granular material to reduce the shear strength, the granular material is excavated by a shield machine. Therefore, it is not necessary to break the shaft of reinforced concrete or the like as in the prior art, and it is possible to easily excavate, shorten the construction period and reduce the construction cost, and it is not necessary to treat waste materials such as reinforced concrete.
【００１１】＜ハ＞粒状体の掘削時に、袋体内に止水材
を注入することによって、地下水の浸入を防止できる。
また、掘削により破られた袋体は、シールドマシンの外
周面に密着して、止水パッキンの役目をするため、より
確実な止水効果を得ることができる。従って、従来のよ
うな薬液注入等の地盤改良を行う必要がなく、工期の短
縮及び工費の削減を図ることができるとともに、地下水
汚染の問題も解消できる。<C> At the time of excavation of the granular material, infiltration of the groundwater can be prevented by injecting the waterproof material into the bag body.
Further, the bag body broken by the excavation comes into close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shield machine and serves as a water-stop packing, so that a more reliable water-stop effect can be obtained. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform ground improvement such as injection of a chemical solution as in the related art, and it is possible to reduce the construction period and the construction cost, and also to solve the problem of groundwater contamination.
【００１２】＜ニ＞地盤改良を行う必要がないため、大
深度施工にも短期間、低費用で対応でき、益々増加する
大深度施工に効果的な工法となる。<D> Since it is not necessary to improve the ground, it is possible to cope with large-scale construction in a short period of time and at low cost, and this is an effective method for increasing large-scale construction.
【図１】 袋体の設置状態の説明図FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an installed state of a bag.
【図２】 袋体の説明図FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a bag body.
【図３】 シールドマシンによる粒状体の掘削状態の説
明図FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a state of excavation of a granular material by a shield machine.
【図４】 シールドマシンが立坑壁を貫通した状態の説
明図FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a state in which the shield machine has penetrated the shaft wall.
【図５】 従来技術の説明図FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a conventional technique.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特公 昭45−33565（ＪＰ，Ｂ１) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) E21D 9/06 301 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-B-45-33565 (JP, B1) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) E21D 9/06 301
Claims (2)
築し、立坑壁の内部を掘削した後に、立坑内にシールド
マシンを搬入し、シールドマシンにより立坑壁を掘削し
て地中に発進させる方法において、 立坑壁を構築する際に、立坑壁のシールドマシンの発進
部分を、粒状体を封入した気密性の袋体を配置して箱抜
きし、袋体内は連通管により外部と連通しておき、 次に、前記連通管を介して袋体内の空気を吸引して内圧
を低下させた状態で、立坑壁の内部を掘削して立坑を完
成し、 シールドマシンの発進の際には、袋体内の内圧を立坑内
部掘削時よりも上昇させ、かつ連通管を介して袋体内に
止水材を注入し、 シールドマシンにより粒状体を掘削して、地中に発進さ
せることを特徴とした、シールドマシンの発進方法。1. A starting shaft of a shield machine is constructed in the ground, and after excavating the inside of the shaft, a shield machine is carried into the shaft, and the shield machine excavates the shaft and starts the vehicle underground. In the method, when constructing the shaft, the starting portion of the shield machine of the shaft is removed by placing an airtight bag body enclosing the granular material, and the bag body is communicated with the outside by a communication pipe. Then, the inside of the shaft is excavated to complete the shaft while the internal pressure is reduced by sucking the air in the bag body through the communication pipe, and when the shield machine starts, the bag is closed. The internal pressure in the body was raised more than when excavating inside the shaft, and the waterproof material was injected into the bag body through the communication pipe, and the granular material was excavated by the shield machine and launched into the ground, How to start the shield machine.
管を介して袋体内の液体を吸引して内圧を低下させた状
態で、立坑壁の内部を掘削して立坑を完成させる請求項
１記載のシールドマシンの発進方法。2. A vertical shaft is completed by filling a granular material and a liquid in the bag body, excavating the inside of the shaft shaft wall while reducing the internal pressure by sucking the liquid in the bag body through the communication pipe. A method for starting a shield machine according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03195032A JP3074490B2 (en) | 1991-07-10 | 1991-07-10 | Starting the shield machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03195032A JP3074490B2 (en) | 1991-07-10 | 1991-07-10 | Starting the shield machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0518182A JPH0518182A (en) | 1993-01-26 |
| JP3074490B2 true JP3074490B2 (en) | 2000-08-07 |
Family
ID=16334406
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03195032A Expired - Lifetime JP3074490B2 (en) | 1991-07-10 | 1991-07-10 | Starting the shield machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3074490B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106703841A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-24 | 华南理工大学 | Pipe jacking tunnel inlet stop water device |
-
1991
- 1991-07-10 JP JP03195032A patent/JP3074490B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106703841A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-24 | 华南理工大学 | Pipe jacking tunnel inlet stop water device |
| CN106703841B (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2019-03-05 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of pipe jacking tunnel is into water stop device for opening |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0518182A (en) | 1993-01-26 |
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