JP3067418B2 - Water heater control method - Google Patents
Water heater control methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3067418B2 JP3067418B2 JP4253928A JP25392892A JP3067418B2 JP 3067418 B2 JP3067418 B2 JP 3067418B2 JP 4253928 A JP4253928 A JP 4253928A JP 25392892 A JP25392892 A JP 25392892A JP 3067418 B2 JP3067418 B2 JP 3067418B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hot water
- temperature
- water supply
- water
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は熱交換器を通って出湯さ
れた温水にバイパスを用いて水を混水し、所定の給湯温
度の給湯を行う給湯器の制御方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling a hot water supply system in which hot water supplied through a heat exchanger is mixed with water by using a bypass to supply hot water at a predetermined hot water supply temperature.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来のこの種の給湯器を図１を用いて簡
単に説明すると、入水路10を供給されてくる水が瞬間熱
交換器20でバーナ21によって加熱され出湯路30に出湯さ
れる。一方、前記入水路10から分岐されたバイパス40を
通って水が混水調整弁41により出湯路30に混水され、こ
れによって所定の設定給湯温度の温水を給湯するように
している。更に以前の給湯器においては、バイパス40に
よる混水を行うことなく（図１のバイパス40を設けてい
ない。）、バーナ21と瞬間熱交換器20で直接的に設定給
湯温度に調節するようにしていた。この混水を行わない
以前の給湯器においては、熱交換器20からの出湯温度を
素早く設定給湯温度に調整してゆくことが１つの目標で
あり、このため、図４に示すように、バーナ21の燃焼量
を急激に変化させる等して、熱交換器20からの出湯温度
ＴK を急激に調整（図４のＡ部で示す）するようにして
いた。そしてこの混水を行わない以前の給湯器における
出湯温度ＴK の急激な調整の傾向は、その後のバイパス
40を用いた混水式の給湯器においてもそのまま踏襲され
ており、再給湯が開始されると、図５に示すように、瞬
間熱交換器20からの出湯温度ＴK を、設定給湯温度と入
水温度とバイパス混水率とから演算される本来の出湯温
度へ、急激に調整（図５のＢ部で示す）するようにして
いた。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional water heater of this type will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 1. Water supplied to a water inlet passage 10 is heated by a burner 21 in an instantaneous heat exchanger 20 and discharged to a tap water passage 30. You. On the other hand, the water is mixed into the hot water supply path 30 by the water mixing control valve 41 through the bypass 40 branched from the water supply path 10, whereby hot water at a predetermined hot water supply temperature is supplied. Further, in the previous water heater, the burner 21 and the instantaneous heat exchanger 20 directly adjust the hot water supply temperature without mixing water by the bypass 40 (the bypass 40 in FIG. 1 is not provided). I was In the water heater before the water mixing is not performed, one of the goals is to quickly adjust the outlet temperature from the heat exchanger 20 to the set hot water supply temperature. Therefore, as shown in FIG. The tapping temperature T K from the heat exchanger 20 is suddenly adjusted (as indicated by A in FIG. 4) by, for example, rapidly changing the combustion amount of the fuel cell 21. The tendency of the rapid adjustment of the tapping temperature T K in the water heater before the water mixing was not performed is due to the subsequent bypass.
In the mixed water heater using the water heater 40, the re-water supply is started, and as shown in FIG. 5, the tapping temperature T K from the instantaneous heat exchanger 20 is changed to the set hot water supply temperature. The temperature was suddenly adjusted (shown by B in FIG. 5) to the original hot water temperature calculated from the incoming water temperature and the bypass water mixing ratio.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、混水式の給
湯器において、上記のように熱交換器20からの出湯温度
を急激に調整すると、その出湯温度の急激な変化に対し
て、今一つの給湯温度調整手段であるバイパス40の混水
調整弁41もまた急激な動作が必要となり、その結果、混
水調整弁及びその駆動手段、制御手段の負担が大きいと
いう問題があった。However, in a mixed water heater, if the temperature of the hot water from the heat exchanger 20 is sharply adjusted as described above, a sudden change in the hot water temperature will cause another problem. The water mixing control valve 41 of the bypass 40, which is a hot water supply temperature adjusting means, also requires abrupt operation, and as a result, there is a problem that the load on the water mixing adjusting valve, its driving means, and the control means is heavy.
【０００４】そこで、本発明は上記従来技術の欠点を解
消し、混水型の給湯器における再出湯時初期の熱交換器
からの出湯温度の急激な変化をなくし、安定した温度で
穏やかに本来の出湯温度に調整することで、バイパスの
混水調整弁の負担も少なく、給湯温度が安定した給湯器
の制御方法の提供を目的とする。Accordingly, the present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, eliminates a rapid change in the tapping temperature from the heat exchanger at the initial stage of refilling in a mixed water heater, and provides a stable and gentle temperature. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for controlling a water heater in which the load on the bypass water mixing regulating valve is reduced by adjusting the temperature of the hot water supply to the hot water supply temperature.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、入水路からの水を瞬間熱交換器で加熱し
て出湯路に出湯すると共に、前記入水路からのバイパス
を出湯路に接続して水を混水し、所定の設定給湯温度に
調整して給湯を行うようにする給湯器の制御方法であっ
て、再給湯が行われる際には、設定給湯温度と入水温度
とバイパス混水調整弁による分配率とから前記瞬間熱交
換器から出湯すべき本来の設定出湯温度を演算し、更に
該演算された本来の設定出湯温度と前記設定給湯温度と
からそれらの中間の温度を求め、これを初期設定出湯温
度として燃焼を行うと共にその後一定の時間をかけて前
記本来の設定出湯温度へと設定出湯温度を上げてゆくよ
うにしたことを特徴としている。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method of heating water from an inlet channel with an instantaneous heat exchanger to supply hot water to a hot water channel, and connecting a bypass from the water inlet channel to a hot water channel. A method of controlling a water heater that mixes water and adjusts water to a predetermined set hot water supply temperature to perform hot water supply.When re-hot water supply is performed, the set hot water supply temperature, the incoming water temperature, and The original set hot water temperature to be discharged from the instantaneous heat exchanger is calculated from the distribution ratio by the bypass water mixing regulating valve, and further, an intermediate temperature between the calculated original hot water temperature and the set hot water supply temperature is calculated. Then, combustion is performed using this as the initially set tapping temperature, and the set tapping temperature is raised to the original set tapping temperature over a certain period of time thereafter.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】上記本発明の特徴によれば、混水式の給湯器に
おいては、熱交換器からの出湯は必ずしも最終給湯では
ないことから、再給湯初期における熱交換器からの出湯
温度を、直ちににその設定給湯温度に対して演算される
本来の設定出湯温度とせず、中間的な温度から緩やかに
設定出湯温度に調整していくようにしている。即ち、先
ず再給湯初期における最初に調整されるべき適当な出湯
温度、即ち初期設定出湯温度として、設定給湯温度と本
来の設定出湯温度との中間の温度を選ぶようにしてい
る。これにより、再給湯初期における熱交換器からの出
湯温度が高過ぎることもなくまた勿論給湯設定温度より
も低くなることもなく、本来の設定出湯温度から適当に
低い温度での出湯がなされる。そして一定の時間をかけ
て穏やかに設定出湯温度が引き上げられて行くので、実
際の出湯温度の変化も急激には変化することがなく、よ
って混水調整弁も急激に移動される必要なく設定給湯温
度への混水調整を行うことができる。According to the above-mentioned feature of the present invention, in the mixed water heater, since the hot water from the heat exchanger is not always the last hot water, the temperature of the hot water from the heat exchanger in the initial stage of re-hot water supply is immediately determined. Instead of using the original set hot water temperature calculated with respect to the set hot water supply temperature, an intermediate temperature is gradually adjusted to the set hot water temperature. That is, first, an intermediate temperature between the set hot water supply temperature and the original set hot water temperature is selected as an appropriate hot water temperature to be adjusted first in the initial stage of re-hot water supply, that is, an initial set hot water temperature. Thus, the tapping temperature at an appropriate temperature lower than the original setting tapping temperature is achieved without the tapping temperature of the heat exchanger from the heat exchanger in the initial stage of the re-supplying water being too high and, of course, not lower than the set tapping temperature. And since the set tapping temperature is raised gently over a certain period of time, the change of the actual tapping temperature does not change suddenly, so the set water supply adjusting valve does not need to be moved suddenly. Water mixing adjustment to temperature can be performed.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】図１は本発明の方法が実施される給湯器の全
体構成図、図２は制御例を示すフロー図、図３は本発明
方法による場合の再給湯時初期の給湯及び熱交換器から
の出湯特性を示す図である。FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a water heater in which the method of the present invention is implemented, FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control example, and FIG. 3 is an initial hot water supply and heat exchange at the time of re-water supply according to the method of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the tapping characteristic from a vessel.
【０００８】図１に示す給湯器において、入水路10を供
給されてくる水は瞬間熱交換器20で加熱され出湯路30に
出湯される。前記入水路10からはバイパス40が出湯路30
に接続され、水を混水するようになされている。前記入
水路10には入水温度センサ11と入水流量センサ12が設け
られている。また前記瞬間熱交換器20にはガスバーナ21
が設けられている。また前記出湯路30には出湯温度セン
サ31が設けられ、更に出湯路30の前記バイパス40が接続
する点32より下流の給湯路50には給湯温度センサ51が設
けられ、前記バイパス40には混水調整弁41及びその駆動
部42が設けられている。60は給湯器全体を制御するマイ
コン内蔵のコントローラで、各センサ11、12、31、51か
らの情報や図示しないリモコンからの指令を入力し、所
定のプログラムに従って演算を行い、各部21、41への制
御信号を出力する。In the water heater shown in FIG. 1, the water supplied to the water inlet 10 is heated by the instantaneous heat exchanger 20 and discharged to the hot water outlet 30. From the water inlet channel 10, a bypass 40 is connected to the hot water channel 30.
And are adapted to mix water. The inlet channel 10 is provided with an inlet temperature sensor 11 and an inlet flow sensor 12. The instantaneous heat exchanger 20 has a gas burner 21.
Is provided. Further, a tapping temperature sensor 31 is provided in the tapping path 30, and a tapping temperature sensor 51 is provided in a tapping water path 50 of the tapping path 30 downstream of a point 32 to which the bypass 40 is connected. A water regulating valve 41 and a drive unit 42 thereof are provided. Reference numeral 60 denotes a controller with a built-in microcomputer for controlling the entire water heater, which inputs information from the sensors 11, 12, 31, and 51 and a command from a remote controller (not shown), performs calculations in accordance with a predetermined program, and performs operations to the respective parts 21 and 41. Output a control signal.
【０００９】次に、コントローラ60による給湯器の制御
の１実施方法について、図２、図３も参照して説明す
る。今、給湯器において図示しない給湯カランが再開放
され、再給湯が開始され（Ｓ１でイエス）、バーナ21へ
の着火がなされる（Ｓ２でイエス）と、コントローラ60
は、設定給湯温度ＴQSと入水温度ＴC と再給湯開始時の
混水調整弁41による分配率ＫBKO とから熱交換器20が出
湯すべき本来の設定出湯温度ＴKSを先ず演算する（Ｓ
３）。今前記再給湯開始時の分配率ＫBKO によるバイパ
ス40側への水量をＱBO、熱交換器20側への水量をＱKOと
すると、次の数１、数２が成立する。Next, a method of controlling the water heater by the controller 60 will be described with reference to FIGS. Now, a hot water supply curl (not shown) is reopened in the water heater, re-water supply is started (YES in S1), and the burner 21 is ignited (YES in S2).
First calculates the original set tap temperature T KS at which the heat exchanger 20 should tap water from the set hot water supply temperature T QS , the incoming water temperature T C, and the distribution ratio KBKO by the water mixing regulating valve 41 at the start of re-hot water supply ( S
3). Now the amount of water the Q BO to the bypass 40 side by the distribution ratio K BKO at the start re hot water supply, when the amount of water to the heat exchanger 20 side and Q KO, the next number 1, number 2 is established.
【００１０】[0010]
【数１】ＴQS（ＱBO＋ＱKO）＝ＴC ・ＱBO＋ＴKS・ＱKO ＴQS：設定給湯温度 ＴC ：入水温度 ＴKS：熱交換器の本来の設定出湯温度 ＱBO：分配率ＫBKO でのバイパス40側への水量 ＱKO：分配率ＫBKO での熱交換器20側への水量[Number 1] T QS (Q BO + Q KO ) = T C · Q BO + T KS · Q KO T QS: set hot water supply temperature T C: incoming water temperature T KS: original configuration of the heat exchanger the hot water temperature Q BO: distribution The amount of water to the bypass 40 side at the rate K BKO Q KO : The amount of water to the heat exchanger 20 side at the distribution rate K BKO
【００１１】[0011]
【数２】ＫBKO ＝ＱBO／ＱKO ＫBKO ：再給湯開始時の分配率 ＱBO ：分配率ＫBKO でのバイパス40側への水量 ＱKO ：分配率ＫBKO での熱交換器20側への水量[Number 2] K BKO = Q BO / Q KO K BKO: distribution ratio at the start of re-hot water supply Q BO: water Q KO to the bypass 40 side in the distribution ratio K BKO: heat exchanger 20 in the distribution ratio K BKO Amount of water to the side
【００１２】前記数１、数２より、熱交換器20の本来の
設定出湯温度ＴKSが次の数３で得られる。From the above equations (1) and (2), the original set hot water temperature T KS of the heat exchanger 20 can be obtained by the following equation (3).
【００１３】[0013]
【数３】ＴKS＝ＴQS（１＋ＫBKO ）−ＴC ・ＫBKO ＴKS ：熱交換器の本来の設定出湯温度 ＴQS ：設定給湯温度 ＴC ：入水温度 ＫBKO ：再給湯開始時の分配率[Number 3] T KS = T QS (1 + K BKO) -T C · K BKO T KS: the original setting of the heat exchanger hot water temperature T QS: Set hot water supply temperature T C: incoming water temperature K BKO: re-hot water supply at the start of Distribution rate
【００１４】上記で熱交換器の本来の設定出湯温度ＴKS
が演算されると、更にコントローラ60は、再給湯初期に
おける最初に調整されるべき適当な出湯温度、即ち初期
設定出湯温度ＴKSO を及びその後の一定時間毎の設定出
湯温度ＴKSt を次の数４、数５により演算する（Ｓ
４）。In the above, the original set tap temperature T KS of the heat exchanger is set.
Is calculated, the controller 60 further calculates the first appropriate tapping temperature to be adjusted in the initial stage of re-hot water supply, that is, the initial setting tapping temperature T KSO , and the set tapping temperature T KSt at regular intervals thereafter. 4. Calculate using Equation 5 (S
4).
【００１５】[0015]
【数４】ＴKSO ＝１／２（ＴQS＋ＴKS） ＴKSO ：熱交換器20による再給湯時の初期設定出湯温度 ＴQS ：設定給湯温度 ＴKS ：熱交換器の本来の設定出湯温度## EQU4 ## T KSO = 1/2 (T QS + T KS ) T KSO : Initial tap water temperature at the time of re-hot water supply by heat exchanger 20 T QS : Set hot water supply temperature T KS : Original set tap water temperature of heat exchanger
【００１６】[0016]
【数５】ＴKSt ＝ＴKSO ＋Ｋｔ ＴKSt ：再給湯開始後の一定時間毎の設定出湯温度 ＴKSO ：熱交換器20による再給湯時の初期設定出湯温度 Ｋ ：定数 ｔ ：単位時間[ Equation 5] T KSt = T KSO + Kt T KSt : Set tap temperature at fixed time intervals after start of re-hot supply T KSO : Initial set tap temperature at re-hot water supply by heat exchanger 20 K: Constant t: Unit time
【００１７】前記Ｋｔとしては、例えば0.5 秒毎に１℃
上昇するような式にすることができる。が、特に数値は
限定されない。また前記数４においては初期設定出湯温
度ＴKSO を設定給湯温度ＴQSと熱交換器の本来の設定出
湯温度ＴKSとの中点温度を採ったが、中点でなくとも中
間付近の温度であればよい。The Kt is, for example, 1 ° C. every 0.5 seconds.
The expression can be ascending. However, the numerical value is not particularly limited. Further, in the above equation 4, the initial set tapping temperature T KSO is set to the midpoint temperature between the set hot water supply temperature T QS and the original set tapping temperature T KS of the heat exchanger. I just need.
【００１８】上記のようにして初期設定出湯温度ＴKSO
及びその後の一定時間毎の設定出湯温度ＴKSt が演算さ
れると、それに対応した必要燃焼熱量が演算され、必要
ガス量が演算されて（Ｓ５）、一定時間毎に演算された
新しいガス量がフィードフォワード供給される（Ｓ
６）。そしてこの制御動作は設定出湯温度ＴKSt が前記
本来の設定出湯温度ＴKSになるまで継続され、終了す
る。As described above, the initially set tapping temperature T KSO
When the set tapping temperature T KSt is calculated for each fixed time period thereafter, the required amount of combustion heat is calculated, the required gas amount is calculated (S5), and the new gas amount calculated for each fixed time period is calculated. Feed forward supplied (S
6). This control operation is continued until the set tapping temperature T KSt reaches the original set tapping temperature T KS , and ends.
【００１９】なお、Ｓ１において、給湯開始が再給湯で
ない場合には、最初から熱交換器20の本来の設定出湯温
度ＴKSとなるようにフィードフォワード制御される。給
湯が再給湯か否かは、例えば前回使用終了からの時間が
一定以上経過しているか否かで判定するようにしてもよ
い。If the start of hot water supply is not re-hot water supply in S1, feedforward control is performed so that the original set hot water temperature T KS of the heat exchanger 20 is maintained from the beginning. Whether or not the hot water supply is re-hot water supply may be determined, for example, based on whether or not a predetermined time or more has elapsed since the last use.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】本発明は以上の構成、作用よりなり、請
求項１に記載の給湯器の制御方法によれば、再給湯が行
われる際には、設定給湯温度と入水温度とバイパス混水
調整弁による分配率とから前記瞬間熱交換器から出湯す
べき本来の設定出湯温度を演算し、更に該演算された本
来の設定出湯温度と前記設定給湯温度とからそれらの中
間の温度を求め、これを初期設定出湯温度として燃焼を
行うと共にその後一定の時間をかけて前記本来の設定出
湯温度へと設定出湯温度を上げてゆくようにしたので、
再給湯初期における瞬間熱交換器からの実際の出湯を適
当な温度から急激な上下変化なく穏やかに本来の設定出
湯温度に調整していくことができ、またそのため、バイ
パスの混水調整弁もまた急激な移動動作を必要とするこ
となく必要な設定給湯温度への混水調整が可能となっ
た。そしてその結果、混水後の給湯温度も安定して給湯
温度に調節することができ、混水調整弁の制御の負担も
軽く、簡易な制御及び駆動手段で十分目的を達成するこ
とが可能となった。According to the water heater control method according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the hot water is re-supplied, the set hot water supply temperature, the incoming water temperature, and the bypass water mixture are provided. From the distribution ratio by the regulating valve, calculate the original set hot water temperature to be discharged from the instantaneous heat exchanger, and further obtain an intermediate temperature between the calculated original set hot water temperature and the set hot water supply temperature, Since this was performed as the initial set hot water temperature and combustion was performed over a certain period of time, the set hot water temperature was raised to the original hot water temperature.
The actual hot water from the instantaneous heat exchanger in the initial stage of re-hot water supply can be gently adjusted from an appropriate temperature to the original set hot water temperature without a sudden change in up and down. The water mixture can be adjusted to the required set hot water supply temperature without requiring a sudden movement operation. As a result, the hot water supply temperature after mixing can be stably adjusted to the hot water supply temperature, the load on the control of the mixing water adjustment valve is light, and the purpose can be sufficiently achieved with simple control and driving means. became.
【図１】本発明方法が実施される給湯器の全体構成図で
ある。FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a water heater in which a method of the present invention is performed.
【図２】本発明方法の制御例を示すフロー図である。FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control example of the method of the present invention.
【図３】本発明方法による場合の再給湯時初期の給湯及
び熱交換器からの出湯特性を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing characteristics of initial hot water supply and hot water supply from a heat exchanger when re-hot water is supplied according to the method of the present invention.
【図４】従来方法による場合の再給湯時初期の給湯特性
を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an initial hot water supply characteristic at the time of re-hot water supply according to the conventional method.
【図５】今１つの従来方法による場合の再給湯時初期の
給湯及び熱交換器からの出湯特性を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing characteristics of initial hot water supply and hot water supply from a heat exchanger at the time of re-hot water supply according to another conventional method.
10 入水路 11 入水温度センサ 20 瞬間熱交換器 21 バーナ 30 出湯路 31 出湯温度センサ 40 バイパス 41 混水調整弁 42 駆動部 50 給湯路 51 給湯温度センサ 60 コントローラ 10 Inlet channel 11 Inlet temperature sensor 20 Instantaneous heat exchanger 21 Burner 30 Outlet channel 31 Outlet temperature sensor 40 Bypass 41 Water mixing regulating valve 42 Drive unit 50 Hot water channel 51 Hot water temperature sensor 60 Controller
Claims (1)
て出湯路に出湯すると共に、前記入水路からのバイパス
を出湯路に接続して水を混水し、所定の設定給湯温度に
調整して給湯を行うようにする給湯器の制御方法であっ
て、再給湯が行われる際には、設定給湯温度と入水温度
とバイパス混水調整弁による分配率とから前記瞬間熱交
換器から出湯すべき本来の設定出湯温度を演算し、更に
該演算された本来の設定出湯温度と前記設定給湯温度と
からそれらの中間の温度を求め、これを初期設定出湯温
度として燃焼を行うと共にその後一定の時間をかけて前
記本来の設定出湯温度へと設定出湯温度を上げてゆくよ
うにしたことを特徴とする給湯器の制御方法。1. A system according to claim 1, wherein the water from the water inlet is heated by an instantaneous heat exchanger to supply the hot water to the hot water outlet, and a bypass from the water inlet is connected to the hot water outlet to mix the water. The method of controlling a hot water supply, wherein the instantaneous heat exchanger is adjusted based on a set hot water supply temperature, an input water temperature, and a distribution ratio by a bypass mixing control valve when re-heating is performed. From the calculated original set hot water temperature and the set hot water supply temperature, calculate an intermediate temperature between them, perform combustion as the initial set hot water temperature, and thereafter perform combustion. A method for controlling a water heater, wherein the set tapping temperature is raised to the original set tapping temperature over a certain period of time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4253928A JP3067418B2 (en) | 1992-08-27 | 1992-08-27 | Water heater control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4253928A JP3067418B2 (en) | 1992-08-27 | 1992-08-27 | Water heater control method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0674561A JPH0674561A (en) | 1994-03-15 |
| JP3067418B2 true JP3067418B2 (en) | 2000-07-17 |
Family
ID=17257976
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4253928A Expired - Fee Related JP3067418B2 (en) | 1992-08-27 | 1992-08-27 | Water heater control method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3067418B2 (en) |
-
1992
- 1992-08-27 JP JP4253928A patent/JP3067418B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0674561A (en) | 1994-03-15 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |