JP3065555B2 - Earth removal type artificial ground, its construction method and construction unit used for it - Google Patents
Earth removal type artificial ground, its construction method and construction unit used for itInfo
- Publication number
- JP3065555B2 JP3065555B2 JP9069431A JP6943197A JP3065555B2 JP 3065555 B2 JP3065555 B2 JP 3065555B2 JP 9069431 A JP9069431 A JP 9069431A JP 6943197 A JP6943197 A JP 6943197A JP 3065555 B2 JP3065555 B2 JP 3065555B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bottom plate
- square bottom
- artificial ground
- wall
- columnar body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Revetment (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、海洋や河川、湖沼
などの水上に構築される人工地盤に関するものである。
さらに詳しくいえば、本発明は、水中地盤の一部を所定
の条件で掘削排土して、圧密沈下を生じることのない構
造とした人工地盤、その構築工法及びそれに用いる構築
用ユニットに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an artificial ground constructed on water such as an ocean, a river, and a lake.
More specifically, the present invention relates to an artificial ground having a structure that does not cause consolidation settlement by excavating and discharging a part of the underwater ground under predetermined conditions, a construction method thereof, and a construction unit used therefor. is there.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】海洋や河川、湖沼などの水上又は水中に
構造物を構築する工法としては、これまで所定の地域を
土砂等で埋め立てる埋立工法、杭によって基礎地盤を支
える杭式工法、特別な海底土砂の排土を行わず、直接的
に水中地盤に構造物を構築する非排土式着底工法、浮体
構造物を水上に設ける浮体式工法などが知られている。2. Description of the Related Art As a method of constructing structures above or under water, such as in the ocean, rivers, lakes and marshes, a landfill method for reclaiming a predetermined area with earth and sand, a pile-type method for supporting a foundation ground with piles, and a special method. There are known a non-discharge type bottoming method in which a structure is directly constructed on the underwater ground without discharging the seafloor soil and a floating method in which a floating structure is provided on water.
【０００３】しかしながら、これらの工法のうち、埋立
工法は、築造後、長期間にわたって圧密による地盤沈下
を生じ、その上に設けた構造物破損の原因となる上に、
自然の水流を遮断するため、水環境に悪影響をもたらす
という欠点を有しているし、杭式工法は、その上に構築
する建築物を支持するのに十分な強度を与えるために、
岩盤に達する深さまで多数の杭を打込まなければならな
いという点で技術的にもコスト的にも不利である。一
方、非排土式着底工法や浮体式工法は地盤の圧密沈下や
自然の水流を遮断するという点で埋立工法と同様の欠点
を有するし、浮体式工法は全体を支持する大型の箱型構
築物を製造するために、多くの技術点困難性を伴う上
に、全体が流されないように係留しておく手段を講じな
ければならないという不便がある。However, among these construction methods, the landfill method causes land subsidence due to consolidation for a long period of time after construction, and causes damage to the structure provided thereon.
It has the disadvantage of blocking the natural water flow, which has a negative effect on the water environment, and the pile method has to provide enough strength to support the building built on it,
This is technically and costly in that many piles must be driven to the depth of the bedrock. On the other hand, the non-discharge type bottoming method and the floating method have the same disadvantages as the landfill method in that they consolidate the ground and block natural water flow.The floating method uses a large box In order to produce the construct, there are many technical difficulties and the inconvenience of having to take measures to keep the whole from being washed away.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、前記したよ
うな従来工法のもつ欠点を克服し、簡単な構造をもち、
容易に構築しうる全く新らしい工法による人工地盤を提
供することを目的としてなされたものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional method, has a simple structure,
It is intended to provide an artificial ground by a completely new construction method that can be easily constructed.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、簡単な構
造を有し、施工が容易で、しかも地盤沈下や自然の水流
を遮断することのない人工地盤を開発するために、鋭意
研究を重ねた結果、複数の中空柱状体をもつ基礎体で支
持した水上基盤から成る構造体を、その構造体の重量と
それに負荷される重量との和以上の土砂を掘削排土して
設置することにより、その目的を達成しうることを見出
し、この知見に基づいて本発明をなすに至った。Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to develop an artificial ground which has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and does not block ground subsidence or natural water flow. As a result of stacking, a structure consisting of a water base supported by a foundation having a plurality of hollow columnar bodies is installed by excavating and discharging more than the sum of the weight of the structure and the weight applied to it As a result, they have found that the object can be achieved, and based on this finding, have accomplished the present invention.
【０００６】すなわち、本発明は、掘削排土及び整地し
た水中地盤に着底させ、方形底板上に直立中空柱状体を
一体的に接合した複数の基礎構造体を前後左右に配列し
てなる人工地盤において、上記基礎構造体を、上記方形
底板から上記各直立中空柱状体外壁の中膜までに方形底
板と外壁の両方に対し垂直に取り付けた複数個の壁梁で
側方からの土砂流入を防止し、かつこれらの壁梁により
支持され、各直立中空柱状体外壁の中腹に上記方形底板
と平行に配設された、方形底板とほぼ同じ外形寸法をも
つ中蓋で上方からの土砂流入を防止する構造に構成する
とともに、この基礎構造体で置換された排土重量を、人
工地盤全体及びそれに負荷される重量の和以上にしたこ
とを特徴とする人工地盤、その構築工法及びそれに用い
る構築用ユニットを提供するものである。That is, the present invention relates to an artificial structure comprising a plurality of substructures, which are fixed to an underwater ground which has been excavated and landed and which has been leveled, and in which an upright hollow columnar body is integrally joined on a square bottom plate, are arranged in front, rear, left and right. In the ground, the foundation structure is separated from the square bottom plate by a plurality of wall beams vertically attached to both the square bottom plate and the outer wall from the square bottom plate to the middle film of the outer wall of each of the upright hollow columnar bodies. Prevent and prevent the inflow of sediment from above with an inner lid, which is supported by these wall beams and is disposed in the middle of the outer wall of each upright hollow columnar body in parallel with the rectangular bottom plate and has almost the same external dimensions as the rectangular bottom plate. Artificial ground characterized by having a structure for preventing the earth removal, and the earth removal weight replaced by this foundation structure being equal to or greater than the sum of the entire artificial ground and the weight applied to it, a construction method therefor, and a construction used therefor. Unit It is intended to provide.
【０００７】このような地盤は、例えば所定の海底区域
に対して、所定深さの海底土砂を掘削排土及び整地を行
い、ドックヤード等にて製作された直立中空柱状体、壁
梁及び中蓋をもつ複数の基礎構造体を、所定の位置に曳
航、中空柱状体部への水又はバラストの投入により、順
次沈設着底及び必要に応じて連結させ、所定の基盤を各
直立中空柱状体頂部にわたって載置固定し、必要に応じ
て沈設用水又はバラストの除去を施すことにより構築す
ることができる。[0007] Such a ground, for example, excavates and removes seabed and sand of a predetermined depth in a predetermined seafloor area, and performs upright hollow columnar members, wall beams, and middle beams manufactured in a dockyard or the like. A plurality of substructures having a lid are towed to a predetermined position, and water or ballast is charged into the hollow columnar portion to sequentially settle and settle, and if necessary, connect the predetermined base to each upright hollow columnar member. It can be constructed by mounting and fixing over the top and removing sunk water or ballast as necessary.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明の人工地盤の１例を
添付図面に従って説明する。図１は、本発明人工地盤の
側方断面図、図２は図１のＡ−Ａ′線に沿った断面図で
あって、この例においては、水中地盤ａに着地した８本
の直立中空柱状体１，…により基盤２が支持され、各直
立中空柱状体１，…の間に存在する土砂ｂは掘削排土さ
れ、掘削部には、排土流入防止用中蓋３，…が設けられ
ている。ｃはいったん排土した土砂により、埋め戻した
部分であり、ｄは水を示す。そして、掘削排土される土
砂の全重量Ｗは、人工地盤の重量Ｗ1とそれに負荷され
る重量例えばその上に構築される建築物やそれに収容さ
れる付属物、人などの合計重量Ｗ2との和よりも多くな
るように選ばれる。なお、この例においては直立中空柱
状体の数を８本にしたが、この数は人工地盤の使用目的
に応じ随時増減することができる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an example of the artificial ground of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of the artificial ground of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA 'of FIG. 1. In this example, eight upright hollows landed on the underwater ground a. The base 2 is supported by the pillars 1,..., The earth and sand b existing between the upright hollow pillars 1,... Is excavated and discharged. Have been. c is a portion backfilled with the earth and sand that has been discharged, and d indicates water. Then, the total weight W of the sediment to be excavated earth removal is architecture and appendage housed in it to be built on a weight for example the loaded thereto and the weight W 1 of the artificial ground, the total of such human weight W 2 Is chosen to be more than the sum of In this example, the number of the upright hollow pillars is eight, but this number can be increased or decreased as needed according to the purpose of use of the artificial ground.
【０００９】本発明の人工地盤を構築するには、図３に
示す構築用ユニットを用いるのが便利である。このユニ
ットは、直立中空柱状体１とその底部に結合された底板
４と中蓋３を支持するため柱状体の各側辺部に２枚ずつ
結合された８枚の梁板５，…から構成されている。上記
の底板４は、例えば柱状体１の底辺の長さの約２倍の長
さを辺とする方形状板状体で形成され、ユニットを並列
的に配置して人工地盤を構築した場合、隣接した構築ユ
ニットの底板とともに掘削される部分を形成する。ま
た、この例では中蓋３を支持する梁板５は、柱状体１の
各側板の延長方向に突出した形で各側辺に２枚ずつ相互
に直角をなし、底板４に垂直に取付けされている。この
中蓋支持用梁板５，…の高さは、掘削排土された後で、
中蓋３で掩蔽されて、排土が流入するのを防止する役割
を果すのに十分な高さとする。For constructing the artificial ground of the present invention, it is convenient to use the construction unit shown in FIG. This unit is composed of an upright hollow columnar body 1, a bottom plate 4 connected to the bottom thereof, and eight beam plates 5, two connected to each side of the columnar body to support the inner lid 3. Have been. The above-mentioned bottom plate 4 is formed of, for example, a rectangular plate-like body having sides whose length is about twice the length of the bottom side of the columnar body 1. When an artificial ground is constructed by arranging units in parallel, Together with the bottom plate of the adjacent building unit, it forms the part to be excavated. Further, in this example, the beam plates 5 supporting the inner lid 3 project perpendicularly to each side of the columnar body 1 so as to protrude in the extending direction of each side plate, and are perpendicular to the bottom plate 4. ing. The height of the inner lid supporting beam plates 5,.
It is occupied by the inner lid 3 and has a height sufficient to prevent the inflow of earth removal.
【００１０】図４は、前記の構築ユニットを用いて人工
地盤を構築する方法を示す断面図であり、所要量の土砂
を掘削排土した区域にこのような構築ユニットの必要数
にあらかじめバラストｃを充填して順々に着底配列する
ことにより簡単に構築することができる。FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a method of constructing an artificial ground using the above-mentioned construction unit. In the area where a required amount of earth and sand is excavated and discharged, the required number of such construction units is preliminarily ballasted. And can be easily constructed by sequentially arranging the bottoms.
【００１１】以上の実施の形態では、直立中空柱状体の
横断面を正方形状のものとして説明したが、この横断面
は長方形状のものでもよいし、また円形状、長円形状の
ものでもよい。そのほか所望ならば、六角形、八角形の
ような多角形状にすることもできる。In the above embodiment, the cross section of the upright hollow column was described as being square, but this cross section may be rectangular, circular, or oval. . In addition, if desired, a polygonal shape such as a hexagon or an octagon can be used.
【００１２】本発明の人工地盤の材質としては、従来の
人工地盤の場合と同様のものを用いることができる。こ
のようなものとしては、例えば鉄筋コンクリート、鉄骨
コンクリート、各種モルタル、鉄骨、鉄板その他慣用さ
れている建築資材などがある。As the material of the artificial ground of the present invention, the same material as that of the conventional artificial ground can be used. Such materials include, for example, reinforced concrete, steel frame concrete, various mortars, steel frames, iron plates, and other commonly used building materials.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】次に、実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説
明する。Next, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples.
【００１４】実施例 図３に示すコンクリート製ユニット８個を用いて、図１
及び図２に示す人工地盤を構築した。この際の直立中空
柱状体の寸法としては、縦５ｍ、横５ｍ、高さ１１．７
ｍ、壁厚０．２ｍを、また底板の寸法としては縦１０
ｍ、横１０ｍ、厚さ０．３ｍを用いた。また中蓋は外辺
１０ｍ、内辺５ｍ、厚さ０．２ｍの中抜き方形状で、そ
れは横２．５ｍ、縦５ｍ、厚さ０．２ｍの８枚の梁板に
より支持されている。このような構造の人工地盤におい
て、掘削深さを５．３ｍとし、直立中空柱状体の水上突
出高さを２ｍとしたときの許容負荷重量（Ｗ）を計算す
ると以下のとおりになる。ただし、水の単位体積重量γ
wを１．０ｔ／ｍ3、土砂の空中単位体積重量γsを２．
０ｔ／ｍ3、土砂の水中単位体積重量γs′を１．０ｔ／
ｍ3、コンクリートの空中単位体積γcを２．４ｔ／ｍ3
とした。Embodiment Using eight concrete units shown in FIG. 3, FIG.
And the artificial ground shown in FIG. 2 was constructed. At this time, the dimensions of the upright hollow columnar body were 5 m in length, 5 m in width, and 11.7 in height.
m, wall thickness 0.2m, and bottom plate size is 10
m, 10 m in width, and 0.3 m in thickness. The inner lid has a hollow shape with an outer side of 10 m, an inner side of 5 m, and a thickness of 0.2 m, which is supported by eight beam plates of 2.5 m in width, 5 m in length, and 0.2 m in thickness. In the artificial ground having such a structure, the allowable load weight (W) when the excavation depth is 5.3 m and the height of the upright hollow columnar body projecting above the water is 2 m is calculated as follows. Where the unit volume weight of water γ
w is 1.0 t / m 3 , and the unit air weight γ s of earth and sand is 2.
0 t / m 3 , and the underwater unit volume weight γ s ′ of the soil
m 3 , the air unit volume γ c of concrete is 2.4 t / m 3
And
【００１５】この場合の人工地盤の許容負荷重量（Ｗ）
は、掘削土砂重量（Ｗs）と人工地盤空中重量（Ｗc）と
人工地盤の受ける浮力（Ｗu）とから次式によって求め
られる。 Ｗ≧Ｗs−（Ｗc−Ｗu） この式中のＷsは、 Ｗs＝γs′（１０×１０×５．３） ＝１×５３０ ＝５３０（ｔ） であり、Ｗcは Ｗc＝γc［（５×５−４．６×４．６）×１１．７＋１
０×１０×０．３＋（１０×１０−５×５）×０．２＋
５．０×２．５×０．２×８］ ＝２．４×（４４．９＋３０＋１５＋２０） ＝２．４×１０９．９ ＝２６３．８（ｔ） であり、Ｗuは Ｗu＝γw［５×５×９．７＋（１０×１０−５×５）×
０．２＋１０×１０×０．３＋５×２．５×０．２×
８］ ＝１×（２４２．５＋１５＋３０＋２０） ＝３０７．５（ｔ） であるから、結局 Ｗ≧５３０−（２６３．８−３０７．５） ＝５７３．７（ｔ） すなわち、この人工地盤には５７３．７（ｔ）までの重
量のものを積載できることになる。In this case, the allowable load weight of the artificial ground (W)
Is calculated by the following equation from the excavated soil weight (W s ), the artificial ground aerial weight (W c ), and the buoyancy (W u ) received by the artificial ground. W ≧ W s − (W c −W u ) W s in this equation is as follows: W s = γ s ′ (10 × 10 × 5.3) = 1 × 530 = 530 (t), and W c is W c = γ c [(5 × 5-4.6 × 4.6) × 11.7 + 1
0 × 10 × 0.3 + (10 × 10-5 × 5) × 0.2 +
5.0 × 2.5 × 0.2 × 8] = 2.4 × (44.9 + 30 + 15 + 20) = 2.4 × 109.9 = 263.8 (t), and W u is W u = γ w. [5 × 5 × 9.7 + (10 × 10−5 × 5) ×
0.2 + 10 × 10 × 0.3 + 5 × 2.5 × 0.2 ×
8] = 1 × (242.5 + 15 + 30 + 20) = 307.5 (t), so that W ≧ 530− (263.8−307.5) = 573.7 (t) That is, this artificial ground has 573. 0.7 (t).
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】本発明の人工地盤は、圧密による地盤沈
下を生じることがない上に、埋立用材料確保や自然水流
変化に起因する環境破壊を伴うことなく、簡単に施工す
ることができ、また軟弱地盤上においても必要な強度を
確保することができるという利点があるので、海上空
港、水上ヘリコプター基地、海底油田の掘削施設用や廃
棄物処理施設、発電所用の人工地盤として好適である。The artificial ground of the present invention does not cause land subsidence due to consolidation, and can be easily constructed without securing materials for landfill and environmental destruction caused by changes in natural water flow. Further, since it has an advantage that required strength can be secured even on soft ground, it is suitable as artificial ground for marine airports, water helicopter bases, drilling facilities for offshore oil fields, waste treatment facilities, and power plants.
【図１】 本発明人工地盤の側方断面図FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of the artificial ground of the present invention.
【図２】 図１のＡ−Ａ′線に沿った断面図FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA 'in FIG.
【図３】 本発明人工地盤に用いるユニットの斜視図FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a unit used for the artificial ground of the present invention.
【図４】 本発明の構築ユニットを用いて人工地盤を構
築する方法を示す断面図FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a method of constructing artificial ground using the construction unit of the present invention.
１ 直立中空柱状体 ２ 基盤 ３ 排土流入防止用中蓋 ４ 底板 ５ 梁板 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upright hollow columnar body 2 Base 3 Inner cover for preventing inflow of soil discharge 4 Bottom plate 5 Beam plate
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) E02B 17/02 E02B 17/00 E02D 29/06 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) E02B 17/02 E02B 17/00 E02D 29/06
Claims (3)
せ、方形底板上に直立中空柱状体を一体的に接合した複
数の基礎構造体を前後左右に配列してなる人工地盤にお
いて、上記基礎構造体を、上記方形底板から上記各直立
中空柱状体外壁の中膜までに方形底板と外壁の両方に対
し垂直に取り付けた複数個の壁梁で側方からの土砂流入
を防止し、かつこれらの壁梁により支持され、各直立中
空柱状体外壁の中腹に上記方形底板と平行に配設され
た、方形底板とほぼ同じ外形寸法をもつ中蓋で上方から
の土砂流入を防止する構造に構成するとともに、この基
礎構造体で置換された排土重量を、人工地盤全体及びそ
れに負荷される重量の和以上にしたことを特徴とする人
工地盤。An artificial ground in which a plurality of substructures in which an upright hollow columnar body is integrally joined on a square bottom plate are arranged in front, rear, left, and right directions on an underwater ground that has been excavated and landed, and has been leveled. Preventing the inflow of sediment from the side by a plurality of wall beams vertically attached to both the square bottom plate and the outer wall from the square bottom plate to the middle film of the upright hollow column outer wall from the square bottom plate, and A structure that is supported by these wall beams and is disposed in the middle of the outer wall of each upright hollow columnar body in parallel with the rectangular bottom plate and has a structure that prevents inflow of sediment from above with an inner lid having substantially the same external dimensions as the rectangular bottom plate. An artificial ground characterized by comprising, and the earth removal weight replaced by the substructure is equal to or greater than the sum of the entire artificial ground and the weight applied thereto.
し、その中空柱状体の各外壁において、上記方形底板か
ら外壁中腹まで補強と側方からの土砂流入防止を兼ねた
複数個の壁梁を底板及び外壁の両方に対し垂直に取り付
け、さらにそれらの壁梁に支持させて、上記柱状体中腹
に方形底板と平行に配置した、上方からの土砂流入防止
のための、上記方形底板とほぼ同じ外形寸法の中蓋を有
する複数の基礎構造体を、掘削排土した水中地盤に所要
の配列で沈設着底させ、かつ所定の水上基盤を各柱状体
頂部に載置固定するとともに、上記の掘削排土重量を人
工地盤全体及びそれに負荷される重量の和以上になるよ
うに制御することを特徴とする人工地盤の構築工法。2. A hollow columnar body is fixed upright on a square bottom plate, and a plurality of walls are provided on each outer wall of the hollow columnar body, the reinforcement being provided from the square bottom plate to the middle of the outer wall and preventing the inflow of sediment from the side. The beam is attached vertically to both the bottom plate and the outer wall, and further supported by those wall beams, and is disposed parallel to the square bottom plate on the middle of the columnar body, for preventing the inflow of sediment from above and the square bottom plate. A plurality of substructures having middle lids of almost the same external dimensions are settled and settled on the excavated and discharged underwater ground in a required arrangement, and a predetermined floating base is placed and fixed on the top of each columnar body. A method for constructing an artificial ground, characterized in that the excavated earth removal weight is controlled so as to be equal to or greater than the total weight of the artificial ground and the weight applied thereto.
状体（１）と、方形底板（４）とほぼ同形、同寸法を有
し、柱状体（１）の中腹に方形底板と平行に取り付けら
れた中蓋（３）と、この中蓋（３）を支持固定するため
に底板（１）に垂直に取り付けられた複数個の梁板
（５，…）から構成された人工地盤基礎構造体構築用ユ
ニット。3. An upright hollow columnar body (1) fixed on a square bottom plate (4), having substantially the same shape and dimensions as the square bottom plate (4), and being parallel to the square bottom plate at the middle of the columnar body (1). An artificial ground foundation comprising an inner lid (3) attached to the base plate and a plurality of beam plates (5,...) Vertically attached to the bottom plate (1) for supporting and fixing the inner lid (3). Unit for building structures.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9069431A JP3065555B2 (en) | 1997-03-24 | 1997-03-24 | Earth removal type artificial ground, its construction method and construction unit used for it |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9069431A JP3065555B2 (en) | 1997-03-24 | 1997-03-24 | Earth removal type artificial ground, its construction method and construction unit used for it |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10266176A JPH10266176A (en) | 1998-10-06 |
| JP3065555B2 true JP3065555B2 (en) | 2000-07-17 |
Family
ID=13402446
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9069431A Expired - Fee Related JP3065555B2 (en) | 1997-03-24 | 1997-03-24 | Earth removal type artificial ground, its construction method and construction unit used for it |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3065555B2 (en) |
-
1997
- 1997-03-24 JP JP9069431A patent/JP3065555B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH10266176A (en) | 1998-10-06 |
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