JP3045682B2 - Friction stir welding - Google Patents
Friction stir weldingInfo
- Publication number
- JP3045682B2 JP3045682B2 JP9006765A JP676597A JP3045682B2 JP 3045682 B2 JP3045682 B2 JP 3045682B2 JP 9006765 A JP9006765 A JP 9006765A JP 676597 A JP676597 A JP 676597A JP 3045682 B2 JP3045682 B2 JP 3045682B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- probe
- joining
- rotor
- friction stir
- stir welding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
- B23K20/124—Controlling or monitoring the welding process at the beginning or at the end of a weld
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、例えばアルミニ
ウム材（アルミニウム合金材を含む）等の金属材の接合
に用いられる摩擦撹拌接合法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a friction stir welding method used for joining a metal material such as an aluminum material (including an aluminum alloy material).
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】固相接合法の一つである摩擦撹拌接合法
として、次のような方法が提案されている。即ち、図６
に示すように、径大の円柱状回転子（１１１）の端部軸
線上に接合部材（１０１）（１０２）よりも硬質の径小
のピン状プローブ（１１２）が突出して一体に設けられ
た接合装置（１１０）を用い、前記回転子（１１１）を
高速で回転させつつ、重ね合わせあるいは突き合わせた
２枚の接合部材（１０１）（１０２）の接合部（１０
３）に前記プローブ（１１２）を挿入する。挿入は、一
般には、回転子（１１１）のプローブ側平坦面からなる
肩部（１１１ａ）が接合部材（１０１）に当接するまで
行う。そして、プローブ挿入状態のまま接合部（１０
３）に沿ってプローブ（１１２）を接合部材（１０１）
（１０２）に対し相対的に移動させる。プローブ（１１
２）の回転により発生する摩擦熱、あるいはさらに回転
子（１１１）の肩部（１１１ａ）と接合部材との摺動に
伴い発生する摩擦熱により、プローブ（１１２）との接
触部分近傍において接合部材（１０１）（１０２）は軟
化しかつプローブにより撹拌されるとともに、プローブ
（１１２）の移動に伴って、軟化撹拌部分がプローブ
（１１２）の進行圧力を受けてプローブの通過溝を埋め
るようにプローブ（１１２）の進行方向後方へと回り込
む態様で塑性流動したのち摩擦熱を急速に失って冷却固
化される。この現象がプローブ（１１２）の移動に伴っ
て順次繰り返されていき、最終的に接合部材（１０１）
（１０２）が接合されるものである。2. Description of the Related Art The following method has been proposed as a friction stir welding method, which is one of the solid-state welding methods. That is, FIG.
As shown in the figure, a pin probe (112) having a smaller diameter and harder than the joining members (101) and (102) is provided integrally on the end axis of the cylindrical rotor (111) having a larger diameter. Using the joining device (110), the rotor (111) is rotated at a high speed while the joining portion (10) of the two joining members (101) and (102) overlapped or abutted.
3) Insert the probe (112). Insertion is generally performed until a shoulder (111a) formed of a flat surface on the probe side of the rotor (111) comes into contact with the joining member (101). Then, the joint (10
The probe (112) is joined to the joining member (101) along 3).
It is moved relatively to (102). Probe (11
2) The frictional heat generated by the rotation or the frictional heat generated by the sliding between the shoulder (111a) of the rotor (111) and the joining member causes the joining member near the contact portion with the probe (112). The probes (101) and (102) are softened and agitated by the probe, and as the probe (112) moves, the softened and agitated portion receives the traveling pressure of the probe (112) and fills the passage groove of the probe. After flowing plastically in a manner of wrapping backward in the traveling direction of (112), frictional heat is rapidly lost, and cooling and solidification are performed. This phenomenon is sequentially repeated with the movement of the probe (112), and finally the joining member (101)
(102) is to be joined.
【０００３】このような摩擦攪拌接合法によれば、固相
接合であるため、接合部材である金属材の種類に制限を
受けないとか、接合時の熱歪みによる変形が少ない等の
利点がある。According to such a friction stir welding method, since it is a solid phase welding, there are advantages such as that there is no limitation on the type of metal material as a joining member, and there is little deformation due to thermal distortion during welding. .
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記のよう
な摩擦撹拌接合法においては、従来、接合部（１０３）
への挿入状態で移動するプローブ（１１２）が接合終端
部に到達すると、プローブ（１１２）を接合部材（１０
１）（１０２）からその軸方向に引き抜くか、そのまま
前進させて接合部材（１０１）（１０２）の側方に離脱
させていた。By the way, in the friction stir welding method as described above, conventionally, the joint (103)
When the probe (112) moving in a state of being inserted into the joint reaches the joint end portion, the probe (112) is moved to the joint member (10).
1) The member is pulled out in the axial direction from (102) or moved forward as it is to be separated to the side of the joining members (101) and (102).
【０００５】しかしながら、プローブ（１１２）を接合
部材（１０１）（１０２）から軸方向に引き抜いたり、
そのまま前進離脱させると、図７に示すように、その部
分にプローブ（１１２）の径、挿入深さに対応する孔
（２００）や凹部が残り、接合強度が部分的に低下する
とともに、外観上も良くないという欠点があった。この
ため、孔や凹部を埋めるための仕上げ加工が爾後的に必
要となり、面倒であった。However, when the probe (112) is pulled out from the joining members (101) and (102) in the axial direction,
As shown in FIG. 7, when the probe (112) is moved forward, the hole (200) and the concave portion corresponding to the diameter and the insertion depth of the probe (112) remain at that portion, and the joining strength is partially reduced, and the appearance is reduced. There was a disadvantage that it was not good either. For this reason, finishing work for filling the holes and recesses is required later, which is troublesome.
【０００６】この発明は、このような欠点を解消するた
めになされたものであって、接合終端部にプローブ引抜
き後の孔や凹部を生じさせない摩擦撹拌接合法の提供を
目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a drawback, and has as its object to provide a friction stir welding method in which a hole or a concave portion after a probe is pulled out is not formed at a welding end.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、この発明は、高速回転するプローブを接合部に挿入
するとともに、プローブとの接触部を摩擦熱にて軟化さ
せ撹拌しながら、プローブを挿入状態で接合部に沿って
相対的に移動させることにより接合部材を接合する摩擦
撹拌接合法において、前記接合部材の接合終端部に当て
部材を連設し、前記挿入状態のプローブを、接合終端部
を通過させ当て部材へと移動させることを特徴とするも
のである。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method of inserting a probe rotating at a high speed into a joint portion, and softening a contact portion with the probe by frictional heat to stir the probe. In the friction stir welding method of joining the joining members by relatively moving along the joining portion in the inserted state, a contact member is continuously provided at the joining end portion of the joining member, and the probe in the inserted state is joined. It is characterized in that it passes through the end portion and moves to the contact member.
【０００８】このようにすることで、プローブが当て部
材に進入すると、当て部材におけるプローブとの接触軟
化部分が後方へと塑性流動して、プローブの通過後に生
じる溝を埋め、従って接合部材の接合終端部に凹部や孔
が残存することはない。In this way, when the probe enters the contact member, the softened portion of the contact member that comes into contact with the probe plastically flows backward, filling the groove formed after passage of the probe, and thus joining the joint member. No recesses or holes remain at the end.
【０００９】また、径大の回転子と、該回転子の長さ方
向の一端面から軸線方向に突出する径小のプローブとを
備えた接合装置を用い、前記回転子の一端面を接合部材
の表面に当接あるいは近接させるとともに、高速で回転
する前記プローブを接合部材の接合部に挿入し、プロー
ブとの接触部を摩擦熱にて軟化させ撹拌しながら、プロ
ーブを挿入状態で接合部に沿って相対的に移動させるこ
とにより接合部材を接合する摩擦撹拌接合法において、
前記プローブを前記回転子の軸線方向に進退自在に構成
するとともに、接合終了時に前記プローブを軸線方向に
徐々に退出させることにより、プローブの接合部位への
挿入深さを徐々に減少させるものとしても良い。[0009] A joining device having a large-diameter rotor and a small-diameter probe protruding in the axial direction from one end face in the longitudinal direction of the rotor is used, and one end face of the rotor is joined to a joining member. While the probe is in contact with or close to the surface, the probe that rotates at a high speed is inserted into the joint of the joining member, and the contact portion with the probe is softened by frictional heat and stirred, and the probe is inserted into the joint with the inserted state. In the friction stir welding method of joining the joining members by relatively moving along,
The probe may be configured to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction of the rotor, and the probe may be gradually retracted in the axial direction at the end of joining, so that the insertion depth of the probe into the joining portion may be gradually reduced. good.
【００１０】この場合は、接合終端部近傍において、プ
ローブの通過溝の深さは徐々に浅くなるとともに、この
通過溝に軟化撹拌された素材が徐々に充填されていき、
やがて、接合部材の接合終端部に凹部や孔が残存するこ
となくプローブは完全に引き抜かれる。In this case, the depth of the passage groove of the probe becomes gradually shallow in the vicinity of the end of the joint, and the passage groove is gradually filled with the softened and stirred material.
Eventually, the probe is completely pulled out without a concave portion or hole remaining at the joining end portion of the joining member.
【００１１】上記のように、接合終端部近傍においてプ
ローブの挿入深さを徐々に減少させる場合、接合装置と
して、回転子とプローブとがこれらを離間させる方向に
付勢された弾性体を介して連結されてなるものを用いる
のが良い。これにより、弾性体の弾発力に対する抗力を
調節するだけの操作でプローブの突出量を調節できるか
ら、接合終端部におけるプローブの接合部への挿入深さ
の減少制御がより簡単となる。[0011] As described above, when the insertion depth of the probe is gradually reduced in the vicinity of the joining end portion, as a joining device, the rotor and the probe are connected via an elastic body biased in a direction to separate them. It is good to use what is connected. Thus, the amount of protrusion of the probe can be adjusted only by adjusting the reaction force against the elastic force of the elastic body, so that the control of reducing the insertion depth of the probe into the joint at the joint end portion becomes easier.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】図１及び図２はこの発明の一実施
形態に係るものである。同図において、（１）（２）は
上下重ね合わせ状に配置した２枚の板状アルミニウム接
合部材である。これら接合部材（１）（２）の幅方向中
間部を長さ方向に沿って一端から他端へと接合するもの
である。1 and 2 relate to one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, (1) and (2) are two plate-shaped aluminum joining members arranged in a vertically superposed state. The widthwise intermediate portions of the joining members (1) and (2) are joined from one end to the other along the length direction.
【００１３】（１０）は接合装置であり、径大の円柱状
回転子（１１）の端部軸線上に径小のピン状プローブ
（１２）が突出して一体に設けられたものであり、回転
子（１１）を高速回転させることによりプローブ（１
２）も高速回転させうるものとなされている。なお、プ
ローブ（１２）及び回転子（１１）は、接合部材（１）
（２）よりも硬質でかつ接合時に発生する摩擦熱に耐え
うる耐熱材料によって形成されている。A joining device (10) is provided with a small-diameter pin-shaped probe (12) protruding from the end axis of a large-diameter cylindrical rotor (11) and integrally provided therewith. The probe (1) is rotated by rotating the probe (11) at high speed.
2) can be rotated at high speed. In addition, the probe (12) and the rotor (11) are connected to the joining member (1).
It is made of a heat-resistant material that is harder than (2) and can withstand frictional heat generated at the time of joining.
【００１４】前記アルミニウム接合部材（１）（２）の
長さ方向における接合終端部側の端縁には、板状のアル
ミニウム製当て部材（４）の端縁が接合されている。こ
の当て部材（４）は、後述のように、アルミニウム接合
部材（１）（２）の接合終端部にプローブ（１２）の引
抜き孔や凹部を残さなくするためのものであり、プロー
ブ挿入側の接合部材（１）の表面と当て部材（４）の厚
さ方向の片面とが面一状態となる配置で、かつ接合部
（３）の延長線上換言すればプローブ（１２）の移動方
向延長線上に当て部材（４）が存在する態様で、接着剤
や押付け等の方法により接合されている。An edge of a plate-shaped aluminum contact member (4) is joined to the edge of the aluminum joining members (1) and (2) on the side of the joining end in the longitudinal direction. The contact member (4) is for preventing the extraction hole and the concave portion of the probe (12) from being left at the joint end portion of the aluminum joint members (1) and (2), as described later. The arrangement is such that the surface of the joining member (1) and one surface in the thickness direction of the contact member (4) are flush with each other, and on the extension of the joining portion (3), in other words, on the extension of the moving direction of the probe (12). Are joined by a method such as an adhesive or pressing in a state where the contact member (4) exists.
【００１５】この発明に従う摩擦撹拌接合は次のように
して行う。即ち、回転子（１１）を回転させることによ
りこれと一体回転するプローブ（１２）を、上側のアル
ミニウム接合部材（１）の表面に接触させてその摩擦熱
により接触部分を軟化可塑化させ、さらにプローブ（１
２）を押し付けて該プローブを接合部材（１）の内部に
挿入していく。望ましくは、プローブ（１２）の先端が
接合界面を超えて他方の部材（２）に達するまで挿入す
るのが良い。また、プローブ（１２）の挿入状態で、回
転子（１１）先端の平坦状肩部（１１ａ）は接合部材
（１）の表面に当接させるのが、接合開始時あるいは接
合途中の軟化部分の素材の飛散を防止しえて均一な接合
状態を実現し得るとともに、接合部材（１）（２）と肩
部（１１ａ）との摺動による摩擦熱を生ぜしめて、プロ
ーブとの接触部あるいはその近傍の軟化を促進し、さら
に接合部材（１）（２）表面の凹凸形成を防止する点か
ら好ましい。The friction stir welding according to the present invention is performed as follows. That is, the probe (12), which rotates integrally with the rotor (11) by rotating the rotor (11), is brought into contact with the surface of the upper aluminum joining member (1), and the contact portion is softened and plasticized by the frictional heat. Probe (1
2) is pressed to insert the probe into the joining member (1). Preferably, the probe (12) is inserted until the tip of the probe (12) reaches the other member (2) beyond the bonding interface. When the probe (12) is inserted, the flat shoulder (11a) at the tip of the rotor (11) is brought into contact with the surface of the joining member (1) at the start of joining or at the softened portion during joining. A uniform joining state can be realized by preventing scattering of the material, and frictional heat generated by sliding between the joining members (1) and (2) and the shoulder portion (11a) is generated, so that the contact portion with the probe or in the vicinity thereof is generated. From the viewpoint of promoting the softening of the bonding member and preventing the formation of irregularities on the surfaces of the joining members (1) and (2).
【００１６】プローブ（１２）の挿入後、接合部材
（１）（２）の長さ方向に沿って他端側へと回転子（１
１）及びプローブ（１２）を移動させる。プローブ（１
２）の回転により、プローブ（１２）との接触部分周辺
において、接合部材（１）（２）が摩擦熱によって軟化
しかつ撹拌されるとともに、プローブ（１２）の移動に
よって、軟化撹拌部分がプローブ（１２）の進行圧力を
受けてプローブ（１２）の通過溝を埋めるようにプロー
ブ（１２）の進行方向後方へと回り込む態様で塑性流動
したのち、摩擦熱を急速に失って冷却固化される。この
現象がプローブ（１２）の移動に伴って順次繰り返され
ていき、接合部（３）において両部材（１）（２）は一
体化され順次接合されていく。After inserting the probe (12), the rotor (1) is moved toward the other end along the length direction of the joining members (1) and (2).
1) and move the probe (12). Probe (1
By the rotation of 2), the joining members (1) and (2) are softened and agitated by frictional heat around the contact portion with the probe (12), and the softened and agitated portion is moved by the movement of the probe (12). After receiving the advancing pressure of (12), it plastically flows in such a manner as to go backward in the traveling direction of the probe (12) so as to fill the passage groove of the probe (12), and then rapidly loses frictional heat and is cooled and solidified. This phenomenon is sequentially repeated with the movement of the probe (12), and the two members (1) and (2) are integrated and sequentially joined at the joint (3).
【００１７】而して、プローブ（１２）が移動して接合
部材（１）（２）の長さ方向の他端つまり接合終端部ま
で到達しても、図１に示すように、そのままプローブ
（１２）を移動方向延長線に沿ってかつ接合部材（１）
（２）と当て部材（４）との境界を超えて移動させる。
プローブ（１２）が当て部材（４）に進入すると、当て
部材（４）におけるプローブ（１２）との接触軟化部分
が後方へと塑性流動して、プローブ（１２）の通過後に
生じる溝を埋め、従って接合部材（１）（２）の接合終
端部に凹部や孔が残存することはない。Thus, even if the probe (12) moves and reaches the other end of the joining members (1) and (2) in the longitudinal direction, that is, the joining end portion, as shown in FIG. 12) along the extension of the moving direction and the joining member (1)
It is moved beyond the boundary between (2) and the contact member (4).
When the probe (12) enters the contact member (4), the contact softening portion of the contact member (4) with the probe (12) plastically flows backward to fill a groove formed after the passage of the probe (12), Therefore, no recesses or holes remain at the joining end portions of the joining members (1) and (2).
【００１８】接合部材（１）（２）の接合終端部が冷却
固化したのち、回転子（１１）を上昇させてプローブ
（１２）を当て部材（４）から軸線方向に引き抜く。そ
の後、切断等により当て部材（４）を接合部材（１）
（２）から除去することにより、プローブ通過跡に凹部
や孔が残存しない接合部材が得られる。After the joining ends of the joining members (1) and (2) are cooled and solidified, the rotor (11) is raised and the probe (12) is pulled out from the contact member (4) in the axial direction. Thereafter, the contact member (4) is joined to the joining member (1) by cutting or the like.
By removing from (2), a joining member in which a concave portion or a hole does not remain at the probe passage mark can be obtained.
【００１９】上述したように、当て部材（４）の材料の
一部が接合部材（１）（２）における接合終端部のプロ
ーブ通過跡に充填されて接合部材の一部をなすものとな
ることから、当て部材（４）は接合部材（１）（２）と
同一材料により製作されるのが望ましい。As described above, a part of the material of the contact member (4) is filled in the trace of the probe passing through the probe at the terminal end of the joining members (1) and (2) to form a part of the joining member. Therefore, it is desirable that the contact member (4) is made of the same material as the joining members (1) and (2).
【００２０】図３はこの発明の他の実施形態を示すもの
である。FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
【００２１】この実施形態に用いられる接合装置（２
０）は、径大の円柱状回転子（２１）と、該回転子の軸
線を貫通して回転子の一端面からの突出長さを連続的に
変化させることのできる径小の棒状プローブ（２２）よ
りなるものである。The bonding device (2) used in this embodiment
0) is a large-diameter cylindrical rotor (21), and a small-diameter rod-shaped probe that penetrates the axis of the rotor and can continuously change the protruding length from one end face of the rotor. 22).
【００２２】前記回転子（２１）は、そのプローブ突出
側の端面からなる平坦状の肩部（２１ａ）を接合部材
（１）の表面に当接され、回転しながら接合部材の表面
上をプローブ（２２）とともに移動するものであり、プ
ローブ（２２）の挿入部分から軟化した接合部材の素材
が飛散するのを防止するとともに、接合部（３）にさら
なる摩擦熱を付与し、また接合部材（１）（２）表面の
凹凸形成を防止する。In the rotor (21), a flat shoulder (21a) formed of an end face on the probe projecting side is brought into contact with the surface of the joining member (1), and the probe is rotated on the surface of the joining member while rotating. (22) to prevent the material of the softened joining member from being scattered from the insertion portion of the probe (22), to apply further frictional heat to the joining portion (3), 1) (2) The formation of irregularities on the surface is prevented.
【００２３】図３に示した摩擦撹拌接合は次のようにし
て行う。即ち、回転するプローブ（２２）を、上側のア
ルミニウム接合部材（１）の表面に接触させてその摩擦
熱により接触部分を軟化可塑化させながら、さらにプロ
ーブ（２２）を押し付けてプローブを接合部材（１）の
内部に挿入していく。The friction stir welding shown in FIG. 3 is performed as follows. That is, the rotating probe (22) is brought into contact with the surface of the upper aluminum joining member (1) to soften and plasticize the contact portion by the frictional heat, and further press the probe (22) to join the probe to the joining member ( Insert inside 1).
【００２４】プローブ（２２）を所定位置に挿入後、接
合部材（１）（２）の長さ方向に沿って他端側へとプロ
ーブ（２２）を移動させる。プローブ（２２）の回転に
より、プローブ（２２）との接触部分周辺において、接
合部材（１）（２）が摩擦熱によって軟化しかつ撹拌さ
れるとともに、プローブ（２２）の移動に伴って、軟化
撹拌部分がプローブ（２２）の進行圧力を受けてプロー
ブ（２２）の通過溝を埋めるようにプローブ（２２）の
進行方向後方へと回り込む態様で塑性流動したのち、摩
擦熱を急速に失って冷却固化される。この現象がプロー
ブ（２２）の移動に伴って順次繰り返されていき、接合
部（３）において両部材（１）（２）は一体化され順次
接合されていく。After inserting the probe (22) into a predetermined position, the probe (22) is moved to the other end along the length direction of the joining members (1) and (2). Due to the rotation of the probe (22), the joining members (1) and (2) are softened and agitated by frictional heat around the contact portion with the probe (22), and are softened with the movement of the probe (22). The agitating portion undergoes plastic flow in a mode in which the agitating portion receives the advancing pressure of the probe (22) and fills the passage groove of the probe (22) backward in the traveling direction of the probe (22), and then rapidly loses frictional heat and cools down. Is solidified. This phenomenon is sequentially repeated with the movement of the probe (22), and the two members (1) and (2) are integrated and sequentially joined at the joint (3).
【００２５】而して、回転子（２１）及びプローブ（２
２）が接合部（３）に沿って接合終端部近傍まで移動し
たときに、該移動を持続しながら、回転子肩部（２１
ａ）を接合部材に接触させたままプローブ（２２）のみ
を軸線方向に徐々に退出させ接合部材（１）から引き抜
いていく。こうすることにより、プローブ（２２）の通
過溝の深さは徐々に浅くなるとともに、この通過溝に軟
化撹拌された素材が徐々に充填されていき、やがて、接
合部材（１）（２）の接合終端部に凹部や孔が残存する
ことなくプローブ（２２）は完全に引き抜かれる。その
後、プローブ（２２）とともに回転子（２１）を接合部
材（１）表面から離間させる。Thus, the rotor (21) and the probe (2)
When 2) moves along the joint (3) to near the joint end, the rotor shoulder (21) is maintained while continuing the movement.
While keeping a) in contact with the joining member, only the probe (22) is gradually retracted in the axial direction and pulled out from the joining member (1). By doing so, the depth of the passage groove of the probe (22) gradually decreases, and the passage groove is gradually filled with the softened and agitated material, and eventually the joining members (1) and (2) The probe (22) is completely pulled out without a concave portion or a hole remaining at the joint end. Thereafter, the rotor (21) is separated from the surface of the joining member (1) together with the probe (22).
【００２６】しかしながら、この方法では、接合終端部
近傍における接合深さは、図３に散点模様に示すよう
に、接合終端部に近付くにつれて徐々に浅くなっている
から、図３に示すような接合終端部が開放されている接
合部材（１）（２）に対してはこの部分で強度低下を来
す恐れがある。このため、接合部がエンドレスに連続し
ているクローズドサークルの接合部材に適用し、接合部
に沿って移動したプローブが接合始端部に帰還したのち
に、プローブを徐々に引き抜くのが良い。However, in this method, the junction depth in the vicinity of the junction end portion gradually becomes shallower as approaching the junction end portion as shown by a dotted pattern in FIG. With respect to the joining members (1) and (2) whose joining end portions are open, the strength may be reduced at this portion. For this reason, it is preferable to apply the method to a closed-circle joining member in which the joining portion is endlessly continuous, and gradually pull out the probe after the probe moved along the joining portion returns to the joining start end.
【００２７】図３に示した摩擦撹拌接合方法を実施する
場合、図４に示すような構造の接合装置を使用すること
も推奨される。When the friction stir welding method shown in FIG. 3 is performed, it is also recommended to use a welding apparatus having a structure as shown in FIG.
【００２８】図４に示した接合装置（３０）は、径大の
回転子（３１）と該回転子の一端面に突出する径小のプ
ローブ（３２）を備えているが、回転子（３１）は有底
筒状の中空体により構成される一方、プローブ（３２）
は円柱状の径大嵌合部（３２ａ）の一端面に一体に突出
形成されている。さらに、回転子（３１）の周方向複数
箇所には、軸方向に長いガイド孔（３１ａ）が形成され
る一方、前記径大嵌合部（３２ａ）の周面には、前記ガ
イド孔（３１ａ）に対応する位置に短柱状のガイドピン
（３２ｂ）が突設されている。そして、前記径大嵌合部
（３２ａ）が、プローブ（３２）を回転子（３１）の端
面から突出させた状態で前記回転子（３１）の内部に嵌
合状態に配置されるとともに、回転子（３１）のガイド
孔（３１ａ）と径大嵌合部（３２ａ）のガイドピン（３
２ｂ）とを係合させた態で、前記径大嵌合部（３２ａ）
と回転子（３１）とは周方向には一体結合状態に、軸方
向には相対移動可能に連結されている。かつ、回転子
（３１）と径大嵌合部（３２ａ）との間には、弾性体と
しての圧縮コイルばね（３３）が介挿されており、プロ
ーブ（３２）が回転子（３１）から退出する方向に、該
コイルばね（３３）によって両者は付勢されている。The joining device (30) shown in FIG. 4 includes a large-diameter rotor (31) and a small-diameter probe (32) protruding from one end surface of the rotor. ) Is composed of a hollow cylindrical body with a bottom, while the probe (32)
Is formed integrally with one end surface of the cylindrical large-diameter fitting portion (32a). Furthermore, a guide hole (31a) that is long in the axial direction is formed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the rotor (31), while the guide hole (31a) is formed on the circumferential surface of the large-diameter fitting portion (32a). ), A short pillar-shaped guide pin (32b) is protrudingly provided. The large-diameter fitting portion (32a) is disposed in a fitted state inside the rotor (31) with the probe (32) protruding from the end face of the rotor (31), and is rotated. Guide hole (31a) of the child (31) and the guide pin (3) of the large-diameter fitting portion (32a).
2b) and the large-diameter fitting portion (32a).
And the rotor (31) are integrally connected in the circumferential direction, and are connected so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction. Further, a compression coil spring (33) as an elastic body is interposed between the rotor (31) and the large-diameter fitting portion (32a), and the probe (32) is moved from the rotor (31). Both are urged by the coil spring (33) in the retreating direction.
【００２９】図４の装置を用いた摩擦撹拌接合では、回
転子（３１）を回転することによりプローブ（３２）も
一体で回転する。この状態で、図５に示すように、径大
嵌合部（３２ａ）を接合部材方向へ押しつけてフローブ
（３２）を回転子（３１）から大きく突出させ、図３に
示したのと同様に摩擦撹拌接合を行っていく。In the friction stir welding using the apparatus shown in FIG. 4, the probe (32) is integrally rotated by rotating the rotor (31). In this state, as shown in FIG. 5, the large-diameter fitting portion (32a) is pressed in the direction of the joining member so that the flow tube (32) protrudes greatly from the rotor (31), and is similar to that shown in FIG. Perform friction stir welding.
【００３０】接合終端部近傍に達すると、回転子（３
１）及びプローブ（３２）の前進を持続しつつプローブ
（３２）への押さえ力を徐々に開放し、圧縮ばねの作用
によりプローブ（３２）を回転子（３１）から徐々に退
出させる。これにより、プローブ（３２）は接合部
（３）から徐々に引き抜かれていき、プローブ（３２）
の通過溝の深さは徐々に浅くなるとともに、この通過溝
に軟化撹拌された素材が徐々に充填されて、やがて、接
合部材（１）（２）の接合終端部に凹部や孔が残存する
ことなくプローブ（３２）は完全に引き抜かれる。When the rotor reaches the vicinity of the joint end, the rotor (3)
1) While gradually moving the probe (32) forward, the pressing force on the probe (32) is gradually released, and the probe (32) is gradually withdrawn from the rotor (31) by the action of a compression spring. As a result, the probe (32) is gradually pulled out from the joint (3), and the probe (32)
Of the passage groove gradually becomes shallower, and the passage groove is gradually filled with the softened and agitated material, so that a concave portion or a hole is left at the joining end portion of the joining member (1) (2). The probe (32) can be completely withdrawn without the need for the probe.
【００３１】このように、回転子（３１）とプローブ
（３２）とが弾性体（３３）を介して連結された接合装
置（３０）を用いることにより、回転子（３１）とプロ
ーブ（３２）とを回転させる駆動源として共通のものを
用いつつ、プローブ（３２）を回転子（３１）から突出
させる方向の押さえ力の調節だけでプローブ（３２）の
接合部への挿入量を徐々に減少させることができる利点
がある。As described above, by using the joining device (30) in which the rotor (31) and the probe (32) are connected via the elastic body (33), the rotor (31) and the probe (32) are used. The amount of insertion of the probe (32) into the joint is gradually reduced only by adjusting the pressing force in the direction in which the probe (32) protrudes from the rotor (31) while using a common drive source for rotating the probe (32). There are advantages that can be made.
【００３２】なお、以上の実施形態では、接合部材
（１）（２）を重ね合わせて接合する場合を示したが、
突き合わせて接合する場合に、本発明を適用しても良い
のは勿論である。In the above embodiment, the case where the joining members (1) and (2) are overlapped and joined is shown.
It is needless to say that the present invention may be applied to the case of joining by butt.
【００３３】[0033]
【発明の効果】請求項１に係る発明によれば、回転する
プローブを接合部位に挿入するとともに、プローブとの
接触部を摩擦熱にて軟化させ撹拌しながら、プローブを
挿入状態で接合部位に沿って相対的に移動させることに
より接合部材を接合する摩擦撹拌接合法において、前記
接合部材の接合終端部に当て部材を連設し、前記挿入状
態のプローブを、接合終端部を通過させ当て部材へと移
動させることを特徴とするものであるから、当て部材に
おけるプローブとの接触軟化部分によってプローブの通
過後に生じる溝を埋めることができ、従って接合部材の
接合終端部に凹部や孔が残存するのを防止することがで
き、強度や見栄えの良い接合部材を提供し得るととも
に、穴や凹部を埋めのための仕上げ加工を不要となしう
る。According to the first aspect of the present invention, the rotating probe is inserted into the joining portion while the contact portion with the probe is softened by frictional heat and stirred while the probe is inserted into the joining portion. In the friction stir welding method of joining the joining members by relatively moving the joining members, a contact member is continuously provided at the joining end of the joining member, and the probe in the inserted state is passed through the joining end to pass the joining member. The groove formed after passing the probe can be filled by the contact softening portion of the contact member with the probe, so that a concave portion or a hole remains at the joining end portion of the joining member. Can be provided, and a joining member with good strength and good appearance can be provided, and finishing work for filling holes and recesses can be made unnecessary.
【００３４】また、請求項２に係る発明によれば、当て
板を用いることなく、接合部材の接合終端部に凹部や孔
が残存するのを防止することができる効果がある。Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, there is an effect that it is possible to prevent a concave portion or a hole from remaining at the joining end portion of the joining member without using a backing plate.
【００３５】また、この場合、請求項３に係る発明によ
れば、弾性体の弾発力に対する抗力を調節するだけの操
作でプローブの突出量を調節できるから、接合終端部に
おけるプローブの接合部位への挿入深さの漸減制御をよ
り簡単に行い得る利点がある。In this case, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the amount of protrusion of the probe can be adjusted only by adjusting the reaction force against the elastic force of the elastic body. There is an advantage that the gradual decrease control of the insertion depth into the hole can be performed more easily.
【図１】この発明の一実施形態を示す断面斜視図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a sectional perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の摩擦撹拌接合法に用いる接合部材及び当
て部材の正面断面図である。FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a joining member and a contact member used in the friction stir welding method of FIG.
【図３】この発明の他の実施形態を示す正面断面図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a front sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】（ａ）は図３に示した摩擦撹拌接合法に用いる
接合装置の斜視図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のIV−IV線断面図で
ある。4A is a perspective view of a welding apparatus used for the friction stir welding method shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG.
【図５】図４の接合装置を用いて摩擦撹拌接合を行って
いる状態の正面断面図である。FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of a state in which friction stir welding is performed using the welding device of FIG. 4;
【図６】摩擦撹拌接合方法を説明するための斜視図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a perspective view for explaining a friction stir welding method.
【図７】従来の摩擦撹拌接合方法の欠点を示す断面斜視
図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a defect of a conventional friction stir welding method.
１、２…接合部材 ３…接合部 ４…当て部材 １０、２０、３０…接合装置 １１、２１、３１…回転子 １２、２２、３２…プローブ ３３…ばね（弾性体） 1, 2 ... joining member 3 ... joining portion 4 ... contact member 10, 20, 30 ... joining device 11, 21, 31 ... rotor 12, 22, 32 ... probe 33 ... spring (elastic body)
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 橋本 武典 堺市海山町６丁224番地 昭和アルミニ ウム株式会社内 (56)参考文献 米国特許5718366（ＵＳ，Ａ) 米国特許5713507（ＵＳ，Ａ) 米国特許5697544（ＵＳ，Ａ) 国際公開93／10935（ＷＯ，Ａ１) 国際公開95／26254（ＷＯ，Ａ１) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B23K 20/12 ＪＩＣＳＴファイル（ＪＯＩＳ) ＷＰＩ／Ｌ（ＱＵＥＳＴＥＬ)────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takenori Hashimoto 6, 224 Kaiyama-cho, Sakai City Showa Aluminum Co., Ltd. (56) References US Patent 5718366 (US, A) US Patent 5713507 (US, A) United States Patent 5697544 (US, A) WO 93/10935 (WO, A1) WO 95/26254 (WO, A1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B23K 20/12 JICST file ( JOIS) WPI / L (QUESTEL)
Claims (3)
（３）に挿入するとともに、プローブ（１２）との接触
部を摩擦熱にて軟化させ撹拌しながら、プローブ（１
２）を挿入状態で接合部（３）に沿って相対的に移動さ
せることにより接合部材（１）（２）を接合する摩擦撹
拌接合法において、 前記接合部材（１）（２）の接合終端部に当て部材
（４）を連設し、前記挿入状態のプローブ（１２）を、
接合終端部を通過させ当て部材（４）へと移動させるこ
とを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接合法。A probe (1) is inserted into a joint (3) while a contact portion with the probe (12) is softened by frictional heat and agitated while stirring.
In the friction stir welding method of joining the joining members (1) and (2) by relatively moving the joining members (2) along the joining portion (3) in the inserted state, the joining end of the joining members (1) and (2) The contact member (4) is connected to the part, and the probe (12) in the inserted state is
A friction stir welding method characterized by passing through a welding end portion and moving to a contact member (4).
１）の長さ方向の一端面から軸線方向に突出する径小の
プローブ（２２）とを備えた接合装置（２０）を用い、
前記回転子（２１）の一端面を接合部材（１）の表面に
当接あるいは近接させるとともに、回転する前記プロー
ブ（２２）を接合部材（１）（２）の接合部（３）に挿
入し、プローブ（２２）との接触部を摩擦熱にて軟化さ
せ撹拌しながら、プローブ（２２）を挿入状態で接合部
（３）に沿って相対的に移動させることにより接合部材
（１）（２）を接合する摩擦撹拌接合法において、 前記プローブ（２２）を前記回転子（２１）の軸線方向
に進退自在に構成するとともに、接合終了時に前記プロ
ーブ（２２）を軸線方向に徐々に退出させることによ
り、プローブ（２２）の接合部（４）への挿入深さを徐
々に減少させることを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接合法。2. A large-diameter rotor (21) and said rotor (2).
1) Using a joining device (20) provided with a small-diameter probe (22) protruding in the axial direction from one end surface in the longitudinal direction,
One end of the rotor (21) is brought into contact with or close to the surface of the joining member (1), and the rotating probe (22) is inserted into the joining portion (3) of the joining members (1) and (2). The probe (22) is relatively moved along the joint (3) in the inserted state while softening and stirring the contact part with the probe (22) by frictional heat, thereby joining the members (1) and (2). In the friction stir welding method of joining, the probe (22) is configured to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction of the rotor (21), and the probe (22) is gradually retracted in the axial direction when welding is completed. A friction stir welding method characterized in that the insertion depth of the probe (22) into the joint (4) is gradually reduced by the method.
が、これらを離間させる方向に付勢された弾性体（３
３）を介して連結されてなる請求項２に記載の摩擦撹拌
接合法。3. An elastic body (3) urged in a direction in which the rotor (31) and the probe (32) are separated from each other.
The friction stir welding method according to claim 2, wherein the friction stir welding is performed via 3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9006765A JP3045682B2 (en) | 1997-01-17 | 1997-01-17 | Friction stir welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9006765A JP3045682B2 (en) | 1997-01-17 | 1997-01-17 | Friction stir welding |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10193140A JPH10193140A (en) | 1998-07-28 |
| JP3045682B2 true JP3045682B2 (en) | 2000-05-29 |
Family
ID=11647280
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9006765A Expired - Fee Related JP3045682B2 (en) | 1997-01-17 | 1997-01-17 | Friction stir welding |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3045682B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6247633B1 (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2001-06-19 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Fabricating low distortion lap weld construction |
| TW449519B (en) | 1999-05-31 | 2001-08-11 | Hitachi Ltd | A manufacturing method of a structure body |
| JP3575748B2 (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2004-10-13 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Friction stir welding method |
| US6352193B1 (en) | 2000-08-01 | 2002-03-05 | General Electric Company | Apparatus for joining electrically conductive materials |
| US7017792B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2006-03-28 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Integrated piping plate, machining method for same, machining apparatus for same, and machining equipment for same |
| JP2005015915A (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2005-01-20 | Showa Denko Kk | Sputtering target, and its production method |
| JP4724841B2 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2011-07-13 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | Friction stir welding method and connection structure using the friction stir welding method |
| JP4703958B2 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2011-06-15 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Friction stir welding equipment |
| JP4602796B2 (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2010-12-22 | 住友軽金属工業株式会社 | Dissimilar metal member joining method |
| KR100668705B1 (en) | 2005-12-26 | 2007-01-16 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Apparatus for friction stir spot welding |
| FR2900082B1 (en) | 2006-04-20 | 2008-07-18 | Eads Europ Aeronautic Defence | PROCESS FOR FRICTION WELDING MIXING |
| JP5418023B2 (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2014-02-19 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Lid joining method |
| DE202010005378U1 (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2011-10-07 | Walter Kraus Gmbh | conductor rail |
| JP5765821B2 (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-08-19 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Rotation tool |
| CN105108325A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-02 | 昆山斯格威电子科技有限公司 | Integrated stirring friction welding equipment |
| CN109604809A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-12 | 湖南坤鼎数控科技有限公司 | A kind of automatic pumpback stirring-head |
| GB2593273A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-09-22 | Bae Systems Plc | Friction stir welding process |
-
1997
- 1997-01-17 JP JP9006765A patent/JP3045682B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH10193140A (en) | 1998-07-28 |
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