JP3017359B2 - Droplet adhesion prevention method and droplet adhesion prevention device - Google Patents

Droplet adhesion prevention method and droplet adhesion prevention device

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Publication number
JP3017359B2
JP3017359B2 JP4121244A JP12124492A JP3017359B2 JP 3017359 B2 JP3017359 B2 JP 3017359B2 JP 4121244 A JP4121244 A JP 4121244A JP 12124492 A JP12124492 A JP 12124492A JP 3017359 B2 JP3017359 B2 JP 3017359B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
droplets
dispersion
water
reactor
droplet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP4121244A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH05287564A (en
Inventor
正吉 岸
良行 橋口
武彦 柳生
信久 太田
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Kaneka Corp
Original Assignee
Kaneka Corp
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、液滴付着の防止に関
し、更に詳しくは、液滴発生器、反応器、輸送器などの
器壁の表面に、水および有機溶媒に難溶な無機微粉末の
薄膜を形成して水難溶性液滴の該器壁への付着を防止す
る方法および液滴の付着を防止した装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the prevention of adhesion of droplets, and more particularly, to the prevention of inorganic fine particles which are hardly soluble in water and organic solvents on the surfaces of vessel walls such as droplet generators, reactors and transporters. The present invention relates to a method for forming a thin film of powder to prevent hardly water-soluble droplets from adhering to the vessel wall, and to an apparatus for preventing the adhesion of droplets.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】液・液分散系における抽出、凝固、反応
操作は、物質移動、カプセル化、重合反応など広く利用
されているが、条件の推定、操作の効率性、安定性、製
品の品質の観点から分散する液滴の大きさが揃っている
ことが要求される。そのために、液・液分散系を作るに
際して、特公昭53−36510号公報に記載されてい
る方法や、噴出する液の層流滴化現象(例えば、化学工
学第21巻第4号1957年、194〜200頁)を利
用したり、噴出流の滴化時に一定周期の振動を与える方
法〔例えば、「エイ・アイ・シーエイチ・イー・ジャー
ナル(AICHE Journal )」第21巻第2号、1975
年、383〜385頁)が用いられる。その後、大きさ
の揃った液滴は、分散系中での部分的合着や付加的分散
を起こさないように操作される。
2. Description of the Related Art Extraction, coagulation, and reaction operations in liquid / liquid dispersion systems are widely used for mass transfer, encapsulation, polymerization reactions, etc., but estimation of conditions, operation efficiency, stability, and product quality In view of the above, it is required that droplets to be dispersed have the same size. For this purpose, when producing a liquid-liquid dispersion system, a method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-36510 or a laminar dropping phenomenon of ejected liquid (for example, Chemical Engineering Vol. 21, No. 4, 1957, 194-200) or a method of giving a periodic vibration at the time of dropping of the jet flow (for example, "AICHE Journal", Vol. 21, No. 2, 1975).
Year, pages 383-385). The sized droplets are then manipulated so as not to cause partial coalescence or additional dispersion in the dispersion.

【0003】しかしながら、生成した液滴は、液滴発生
器、反応器などの器壁の表面に付着しやすく、その結
果、スケールの発生、不揃いな製品の生成等の問題が現
れる。これを防止する技術として、例えば、器壁面をガ
ラスライニングする方法(「ポリマー製造プロセス」工
業調査会、1973年、160頁14〜21行目に懸濁
重合プロセスについて記載)や、器壁の表面が液滴の成
分分子の特異吸着を妨げる電荷状態になっていることに
よるものと推定される液滴の付着防止法(特開昭60−
47002号公報)が提案されている。
[0003] However, the generated droplets tend to adhere to the surfaces of vessel walls such as a droplet generator and a reactor, and as a result, problems such as generation of scale and generation of irregular products appear. As techniques for preventing this, for example, a method of glass-lining the vessel wall (“Polymer Production Process”, Industrial Research Institute, 1973, p. 160, lines 14 to 21), a suspension polymerization process, Is considered to be caused by a state of charge that prevents specific adsorption of component molecules of the droplet (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
No. 47002) has been proposed.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、前記のような
ガラスライニングする方法は、材質的に親水性が強いこ
とが特徴とされるが、反応操作の繰り返しにより親水性
を妨げるような汚れが発生するので、これを必ず完璧に
取り除く操作が必要であり、甚だ厄介である。また、構
造的には、湾曲型が主である装置の継ぎ目などの流れが
緩く滞留する部分で器壁表面への液滴の付着が進む。か
くして、装置に継ぎ目のない構造が必要とされるが、こ
のような継ぎ目のない構造は実際には非常に困難であ
る。このように、装置の自由性や、経済性、操作性に問
題を有するだけでなく、液滴の付着防止効果も満足しう
るものではない。
However, the glass lining method as described above is characterized by a material having a strong hydrophilic property, but stains which hinder the hydrophilic property by repeated reaction operations are generated. Therefore, it is necessary to perform an operation to completely remove this, which is extremely troublesome. Structurally, the adhesion of the droplets to the surface of the vessel wall proceeds at a portion where the flow stagnates slowly, such as a seam of an apparatus mainly having a curved shape. Thus, a seamless structure is required for the device, but such a seamless structure is very difficult in practice. As described above, not only is there a problem in the freedom, economy, and operability of the apparatus, but also the effect of preventing the adhesion of droplets cannot be satisfied.

【0005】一方、特開昭60−47002号公報に記
載の方法は、器壁等に無機物質を塗布し、シランカップ
リング剤等で処理する方法であるが、その実施例にも示
されているように、スケール付着防止効果は必ずしも充
分とは言い難い。従って、本発明は、特に液滴発生器、
反応器などの器壁の表面に水不溶性または水難溶性の液
滴付着を完全に防止することができる上、装置材質も特
に限定する必要のない液滴の付着防止方法を提供するこ
とを目的とする。
On the other hand, the method described in JP-A-60-47002 is a method in which an inorganic substance is applied to a vessel wall or the like and treated with a silane coupling agent or the like. As described above, the effect of preventing the adhesion of scale is not always sufficient. Accordingly, the present invention is particularly directed to a droplet generator,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preventing the adhesion of water-insoluble or hardly water-soluble droplets to the surface of a vessel wall of a reactor or the like, and to prevent the adhesion of the droplets, which does not require any particular limitation on the material of the apparatus. I do.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】すなわち、本発明の第1
は、水および有機溶媒に難溶な無機微粉末の薄膜を水お
よび有機溶媒に難溶でかつ粘着性を有する無機物の薄膜
を介して液滴発生器、反応器等の装置内表面に形成させ
ることを特徴とする液滴付着の防止方法を、本発明の第
2は、水および有機溶媒に難溶でかつ粘着性を有する無
機物からなる薄膜を液滴発生器、反応器等の装置の内表
面に形成し、更に該薄膜の上に水および有機溶媒に難溶
な無機微粉末からなる薄膜を形成したことを特徴とする
液滴付着を防止した装置を、それぞれ内容とするもので
ある。
That is, the first aspect of the present invention is as follows.
Forms a thin film of an inorganic fine powder that is hardly soluble in water and an organic solvent on an inner surface of an apparatus such as a droplet generator and a reactor through a thin film of an inorganic material that is hardly soluble in water and an organic solvent and has tackiness. A second aspect of the present invention is a method for preventing the adhesion of droplets, characterized in that a thin film made of an inorganic substance that is hardly soluble in water and an organic solvent and has tackiness is used in a device such as a droplet generator and a reactor. An apparatus for preventing the adhesion of liquid droplets, characterized in that the apparatus is formed on a surface and further formed on the thin film is a thin film composed of an inorganic fine powder which is hardly soluble in water and an organic solvent.

【0007】本発明に用いられる、水および有機溶媒に
難溶でかつ粘着性を有する無機物(以下、粘着性無機物
と略記する)としては、コロイダルシリカ、コロイダル
シリカと他の無機化合物の混合物等が好適に用いられ
る。ここでいうコロイダルシリカとは負に帯電した無定
形シリカ粒子で、有機性分散などに分散してコロイド状
をなし粒子の表面には−SiOH基が存在している。そ
して、このコロイダルシリカと混合される他の無機化合
物としては、例えばメチルシリケート、エチルシリケー
ト、ブチルシリケートなどのアルキルシリケート類が挙
げられ、この無機化合物を混合することによって粘着性
が一層向上する。粘着性の観点から好ましい組成は、コ
ロイダルシリカの固形分とアルキルシリケートの組成比
が、重量比で1:0.01〜1:0.5の範囲である。
重量比が1:0.01より小さい場合は粘着性の向上が
小さく効果が充分に発揮されにくく、また、重量比が
1:0.5よりも大きい場合は粘着性の更なる向上が期
待できず、かえって塗膜しにくくなる。より好ましく
は、1:0.1〜1:0.3の範囲である。
Examples of the inorganic substance which is hardly soluble in water and an organic solvent and has tackiness (hereinafter, abbreviated as sticky inorganic substance) used in the present invention include colloidal silica and a mixture of colloidal silica and other inorganic compounds. It is preferably used. The colloidal silica referred to herein is negatively charged amorphous silica particles, which are dispersed in an organic dispersion or the like to form a colloid, and have -SiOH groups on the surface of the particles. Other inorganic compounds mixed with the colloidal silica include, for example, alkyl silicates such as methyl silicate, ethyl silicate, and butyl silicate. Adhesion is further improved by mixing this inorganic compound. A preferred composition from the viewpoint of adhesiveness has a composition ratio of solid content of colloidal silica to alkyl silicate in a range of 1: 0.01 to 1: 0.5 by weight.
When the weight ratio is less than 1: 0.01, the improvement in tackiness is small and the effect is not sufficiently exhibited, and when the weight ratio is more than 1: 0.5, further improvement in tackiness can be expected. Instead, it becomes rather difficult to form a coating. More preferably, it is in the range of 1: 0.1 to 1: 0.3.

【0008】本発明に用いられる、水および有機溶媒に
難溶な無機微粉末(以下、無機微粉末と略記する)とし
ては、珪藻土、粘土などで単独または2種以上組み合わ
せて用いられる。ここでいう珪藻土、粘土などの中で
も、リン酸カルシウム、リン酸マグネシウム、炭酸カル
シウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸バリウム、硫酸バリウ
ム、硫酸カルシウム、ピロリン酸マグネシウム、タル
ク、ベントナイトなどが好ましく、これらは単独または
2種以上組み合わせて用いられる。また、これらに液滴
付着防止、反応などに影響しない種類や量の範囲内で、
界面活性剤や脂肪酸などで表面処理したものも含め、従
来公知のものを任意に併用することができる。
The inorganic fine powder that is hardly soluble in water and organic solvents (hereinafter abbreviated as inorganic fine powder) used in the present invention may be used alone or in combination of two or more of diatomaceous earth and clay. Among the diatomaceous earth and clay mentioned here, calcium phosphate, magnesium phosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium pyrophosphate, talc, bentonite and the like are preferable, and these are used alone or in combination of two or more. Used. In addition, within the range of types and amounts that do not affect droplet adhesion prevention, reaction, etc.
Conventionally known ones, including those surface-treated with a surfactant or a fatty acid, can be optionally used in combination.

【0009】本発明において、粘着性無機物および無機
微粉末の薄膜は、液滴発生器、反応器などの器壁表面
に、予め有機性分散媒に分散された粘着性物質を塗布、
乾燥し、続いて有機性分散媒に分散された無機微粉末を
塗布、乾燥することによって形成することができる。
In the present invention, a thin film of the sticky inorganic substance and the inorganic fine powder is coated with a sticky substance previously dispersed in an organic dispersion medium on the surface of a vessel wall such as a droplet generator or a reactor.
It can be formed by drying and then applying and drying an inorganic fine powder dispersed in an organic dispersion medium.

【0010】まず、粘着性無機物を分散させる有機性分
散媒としては、器壁表面の材質より表面張力が小さく、
かつ速乾性のある溶媒(溶媒の散逸が速いもの)が好ま
しく、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、ブタノール、
i−ブタノール、t−ブタノール、i−プロパノール、
n−プロパノール、n−ヘプタノール、n−オクタノー
ルなどのアルコール類、n−ペンタン、n−ヘキサン、
ジメチルホルムアミド、トルエン、キシレンなどが挙げ
られ、これらは単独又は2種以上組み合わせて用いられ
るが、メタノール、ブタノールが特に好ましい。粘着性
無機物分散液の固形分濃度は、器壁表面上に薄く均一に
塗布でき、また好ましい塗膜層の厚みから、通常、約
0.01〜5重量%の範囲が好ましい。固形分濃度が
0.01重量%未満になると粘着性の効果が小さく、ま
た、5重量%を越えると均一な塗布が難しくなる。より
好ましくは、0.5〜2重量%の範囲である。例えば、
粘着性無機物の塗膜層の厚みを0.3μm程度にするに
は、約1重量%に調製すればよい。
First, as an organic dispersion medium for dispersing an adhesive inorganic substance, the surface tension is smaller than the material of the vessel wall surface.
Solvents with fast drying properties (solvents that dissipate the solvent quickly) are preferred. For example, methanol, ethanol, butanol,
i-butanol, t-butanol, i-propanol,
alcohols such as n-propanol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, n-pentane, n-hexane,
Examples thereof include dimethylformamide, toluene, and xylene. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and methanol and butanol are particularly preferred. The solid content concentration of the adhesive inorganic substance dispersion is preferably in the range of about 0.01 to 5% by weight from the preferable thickness of the coating layer, since it can be applied uniformly and thinly on the wall surface of the vessel. If the solid content is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect of adhesiveness is small, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, uniform application becomes difficult. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.5 to 2% by weight. For example,
In order to make the thickness of the coating layer of the sticky inorganic substance about 0.3 μm, it may be adjusted to about 1% by weight.

【0011】次に、無機微粉末を分散させる有機性分散
媒としては、器壁表面材質より表面張力が小さく、かつ
速乾性のある溶液(溶媒の散逸が速いもの)が好まし
く、上記した粘着性無機物を分散させるための有機性分
散媒と同じものが挙げられる。
As the organic dispersion medium for dispersing the inorganic fine powder, a solution having a lower surface tension than that of the surface of the vessel wall and having a quick-drying property (a solvent having a fast dissipation) is preferable. The same organic dispersion medium for dispersing the inorganic substance can be used.

【0012】これら有機性分散媒に無機微粉末を分散さ
せる方法としては、乾燥した無機微粉末の場合は、攪拌
機で攪拌して分散させる。分散させにくい場合は、一般
に知られている攪拌翼付き可変速攪拌機や、より強力な
ホモジナイザーが用いられ、その分散時間は、無機微粉
末の元の粒子径にまで分散されるまで続けるのが好まし
い。尚、この時、分散した無機微粉末の凝集を防止する
ために、液滴付着防止、反応などに影響しない種類、量
の界面活性剤を加えることもできる。
As a method of dispersing the inorganic fine powder in the organic dispersion medium, in the case of the dried inorganic fine powder, the inorganic fine powder is dispersed by stirring with a stirrer. If it is difficult to disperse, a generally known variable-speed stirrer with a stirring blade or a more powerful homogenizer is used, and the dispersion time is preferably continued until the dispersion is performed up to the original particle diameter of the inorganic fine powder. . At this time, in order to prevent aggregation of the dispersed inorganic fine powder, a type and amount of a surfactant that does not affect the adhesion of droplets and the reaction can be added.

【0013】また、無機微粉末が水などに分散されてい
るスラリー液やコロイド液の場合は、無機微粉末分散物
と分散媒とを自然沈降または遠心分離機などを使用して
の強制沈降によって分離して分散媒を除き、水と容易に
混合可能な有機性分散媒に分散する。この分散する際
に、攪拌翼付き可変速攪拌機や、より強力なホモジナイ
ザーを用いるのが好ましい。この操作を2〜3回繰り返
して徐々に有機性分散媒に置換して、有機性分散媒に分
散した無機微粉末分散液を得る。
In the case of a slurry liquid or a colloid liquid in which the inorganic fine powder is dispersed in water or the like, the inorganic fine powder dispersion and the dispersion medium are subjected to natural sedimentation or forced sedimentation using a centrifuge or the like. Separate to remove the dispersion medium and disperse in an organic dispersion medium that can be easily mixed with water. At the time of this dispersion, it is preferable to use a variable speed stirrer with a stirring blade or a stronger homogenizer. This operation is repeated two or three times and gradually replaced with an organic dispersion medium to obtain an inorganic fine powder dispersion dispersed in the organic dispersion medium.

【0014】このようにして調製された無機微粉末分散
液が充分な液滴付着の防止効果を上げるためには、無機
微粉末の平均粒径が0.05〜30μmの範囲のものが
好ましい。平均粒径が0.05μm未満では塗膜した表
面形状の凸凹が小さくなって液滴の付着防止効果が小さ
くなり、また、平均粒径が30μmを越えると塗膜面に
塗膜層を形成しにくくなる。より好ましくは、1〜10
μmの範囲である。ここでいう平均粒径とは粒子同士が
凝集してできた粒子径も含み、例えば凝集前の粒子径が
0.05μm未満であっても粒子同士が凝集してできた
粒子径が上記範囲内にあればよい。また、無機微粉末分
散液の固形分濃度は、器壁表面上に薄く均一に塗布で
き、また好ましい塗膜層の厚みから、通常、約0.01
〜10重量%の範囲が好ましい。固形濃度が0.01重
量%未満では1回の塗膜での塗膜層厚みが小さく、効果
のある塗膜層厚みにするには塗膜回数を多くする必要が
あり、また、10重量%を越えると均一な塗布が難し
く、一部が剥がれたりする。最も好ましくは、1〜5重
量%の範囲である。例えば、無機微粉末の塗膜層の厚み
を2μm程度にするには約3重量%に調製すればよい。
In order for the inorganic fine powder dispersion thus prepared to have a sufficient effect of preventing the adhesion of droplets, the inorganic fine powder preferably has an average particle size in the range of 0.05 to 30 μm. If the average particle diameter is less than 0.05 μm, the unevenness of the surface shape of the coated film becomes small and the effect of preventing the adhesion of the droplets becomes small, and if the average particle diameter exceeds 30 μm, a coating layer is formed on the coating film surface. It becomes difficult. More preferably, 1 to 10
It is in the range of μm. The average particle size referred to here includes the particle size formed by agglomeration of particles, for example, the particle size formed by agglomeration of particles within the above range even if the particle size before aggregation is less than 0.05 μm. Should be there. Further, the solid content concentration of the inorganic fine powder dispersion liquid can be thinly and uniformly applied on the surface of the container wall, and from the preferable thickness of the coating layer, usually about 0.01%.
A range of from 10 to 10% by weight is preferred. When the solid concentration is less than 0.01% by weight, the thickness of the coating layer in one coating is small, and it is necessary to increase the number of coatings in order to obtain an effective coating layer thickness. When it exceeds, uniform application is difficult, and a part is peeled off. Most preferably, it is in the range of 1 to 5% by weight. For example, to make the thickness of the coating layer of the inorganic fine powder about 2 μm, it may be adjusted to about 3% by weight.

【0015】本発明が適用される装置には特に制限はな
く、液滴発生器、反応器、輸送器、パイプライン、攪拌
翼、攪拌軸、ボルト、リング、継ぎ目のシール部などが
含まれる。また器壁表面の材質についても特に制限はな
く、一般的に反応器などに用いられるもの、例えばステ
ンレス鋼などの金属材料、ガラス(ガラスライニングも
含む)など、また装置の継ぎ目のシール材としては、一
般的に用いられる材質、例えばフッ素樹脂、フッ素ゴ
ム、石綿などが含まれる。
The apparatus to which the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, and includes a droplet generator, a reactor, a transporter, a pipeline, a stirring blade, a stirring shaft, a bolt, a ring, a seal portion of a seam, and the like. There is also no particular limitation on the material of the vessel wall surface, and those generally used for a reactor, for example, a metal material such as stainless steel, glass (including a glass lining), etc. And generally used materials such as fluororesin, fluororubber, and asbestos.

【0016】本発明において、調製された分散液を用い
て器壁表面に塗膜を形成する好ましい方法は、まず器壁
表面の油などの汚れを除去し、次いで粘着性無機物分散
液を塗布し、有機性分散媒を乾燥散逸させた後、更に該
粘着性無機物の薄膜の上に無機微粉末分散液を塗布し、
有機性分散媒を乾燥散逸させて無機微粉末の薄膜を形成
することである。好ましくは、粘着性無機物の分散液お
よび無機微粉末の分散液の塗布乾燥をそれぞれ複数回繰
り返して多数層の薄膜を器壁表面に形成させる。その層
の数は、好ましくはそれぞれ2〜4回で充分である。よ
り好ましくは、最後の無機微粉末の層を2層とする。
In the present invention, a preferred method of forming a coating film on the surface of a vessel wall using the prepared dispersion is to first remove dirt such as oil on the surface of the vessel wall, and then apply an adhesive inorganic substance dispersion. After drying and dispersing the organic dispersion medium, an inorganic fine powder dispersion is further applied on the thin film of the sticky inorganic substance,
The purpose is to dry and disperse the organic dispersion medium to form a thin film of inorganic fine powder. Preferably, the application and drying of the dispersion of the sticky inorganic substance and the dispersion of the inorganic fine powder are repeated a plurality of times, respectively, to form a multi-layer thin film on the surface of the vessel wall. The number of layers is preferably 2 to 4 times each. More preferably, the last layer of the inorganic fine powder has two layers.

【0017】上記以外の方法としては、粘着性無機物分
散液と無機微粉末分散液とを予め混合させ調製した混合
分散液を塗布し、有機性分散媒を乾燥散逸させ、次に、
無機微粒子分散液を塗布し、有機性分散媒を乾燥散逸さ
せて薄膜を形成することもできるが、形成させた薄膜の
器壁表面への粘着の効果が減衰するので、薄膜の耐久性
からあまり好ましくない。また、上記混合分散液を塗布
し、有機分散媒を乾燥散逸させて薄膜を形成することも
できるが、形成させた薄膜の表面に粘着性無機物が存在
するため、水難溶性の液滴の器壁表面への付着が僅かに
起こり、そして間もなく剥がれて液滴同士の合一などが
見られるため、特に実用上の問題はないものの、あまり
好ましい方法ではない。
As a method other than the above, a mixed dispersion prepared by previously mixing an adhesive inorganic dispersion and an inorganic fine powder dispersion is applied, and the organic dispersion medium is dried and dissipated.
Although a thin film can be formed by applying an inorganic fine particle dispersion and drying and dispersing the organic dispersion medium, the effect of adhesion of the formed thin film to the wall surface of the container is attenuated. Not preferred. Further, a thin film can be formed by applying the above mixed dispersion and drying and dispersing the organic dispersion medium.However, since a sticky inorganic substance is present on the surface of the formed thin film, the wall surface of a water-insoluble droplet is difficult. Although the adhesion to the surface slightly occurs, and the separation occurs soon, and coalescence of the droplets is observed, there is no practical problem, but this is not a very preferable method.

【0018】尚、調製された分散液の塗布方法には特に
制限なく、例えば、ハケ塗り、スプレー塗布、分散液を
器壁表面に沿って垂らす、分散液で装置内を満たした後
に払い出す方法などが挙げられる。また、分散液に塗布
された器壁表面の乾燥方法についても特に制限はなく、
常温から70〜80℃程度の空気の直接吹き込み、間接
的に装置を加熱(ジャケット方式)する方法などがあ
る。ただし、予め、装置を60〜70℃以上に加熱した
状態で分散液を塗布する方法は、有機溶媒の散逸が速
く、結果的に塗布膜の均一性が損なわれるので好ましく
ない。
The method of applying the prepared dispersion liquid is not particularly limited. For example, brush coating, spray coating, dripping the dispersion liquid along the surface of the vessel wall, and dispensing after filling the inside of the apparatus with the dispersion liquid. And the like. Also, there is no particular limitation on the method of drying the surface of the vessel wall applied to the dispersion,
There is a method of directly blowing air from room temperature to about 70 to 80 ° C. and indirectly heating the apparatus (jacket method). However, a method in which the dispersion is applied in a state where the apparatus is heated to 60 to 70 ° C. or more in advance is not preferable because the organic solvent is quickly dissipated, and as a result, the uniformity of the applied film is impaired.

【0019】本発明における付着防止の対象である液滴
は水難溶性であり、一の例として、抽出、凝固操作など
の主として物質移動、カプセル化等で取り扱われるも
の、他の例として、反応操作などの主として重合反応で
取り扱われるものがあり、本発明はいずれの場合にも適
用される。重合反応で用いる重合性単量体の重合法は一
般に知られている懸濁重合法、乳化重合法、塊状重合法
などがあるが、その中でも予め液滴径の揃った水不溶性
および/または水難溶性の重合性単量体の液滴群を液滴
発生器で生成させた後、反応器に導入して懸濁重合を行
い粒子径の揃った重合体粒子群を得る方法に使用される
液滴発生器、反応器、攪拌機などの表面に対して好適に
適用することができる。これにより、従来、水不溶性お
よび/または水難溶性の重合性単量体の液滴が器壁表面
に付着することによって、液滴発生器で作られた大きさ
の揃った水不溶性および/または水難溶性の重合性単量
体の液滴が均一性を失い製品が不揃いになっていた問題
点が顕著に改善される。尚、液滴径は特に限定されるも
のではなく、また、ここに挙げた重合法で使用される添
加剤、例えば重合添加剤、重合開始剤、水相重合抑制
剤、分散保護剤、比重調整剤などの種類や量によって
も、本発明の効果は何ら変わるものではない。
The droplets to be prevented from sticking in the present invention are hardly water-soluble, and are, for example, those which are mainly handled by mass transfer such as extraction and coagulation operations, encapsulation, and the like. Some are mainly handled by a polymerization reaction, and the present invention is applied to both cases. The polymerization method of the polymerizable monomer used in the polymerization reaction includes generally known suspension polymerization method, emulsion polymerization method, bulk polymerization method, and the like. Among them, water insoluble and / or water difficult to prepare droplet diameters in advance. A liquid used in a method for producing a group of soluble polymerizable monomers by a droplet generator and then introducing the group into a reactor to perform suspension polymerization to obtain a group of polymer particles having a uniform particle diameter. It can be suitably applied to surfaces of a drop generator, a reactor, a stirrer and the like. As a result, conventionally, water-insoluble and / or poorly water-soluble polymerizable monomer droplets adhere to the wall surface of the container, and thus, the uniform-sized water-insoluble and / or poorly water-soluble particles formed by the droplet generator. The problem that the droplets of the soluble polymerizable monomer lose uniformity and the product becomes uneven is remarkably improved. The droplet diameter is not particularly limited, and the additives used in the polymerization methods listed here, such as a polymerization additive, a polymerization initiator, an aqueous phase polymerization inhibitor, a dispersion protective agent, and a specific gravity adjustment The effect of the present invention does not change at all depending on the type and amount of the agent and the like.

【0020】抽出、凝固操作などの主として物質移動、
カプセル化で取り扱われるものとしては、トルエン、ヘ
キサン、ヘプタン、キシレン、ベンゼン、エチルベンゼ
ン、シクロヘキサンなどの有機液体が例示され、これら
は単独でも2種以上の混合物であってもよい。
Mainly mass transfer such as extraction and coagulation operations,
Organic liquids such as toluene, hexane, heptane, xylene, benzene, ethylbenzene, and cyclohexane are exemplified as those handled in the encapsulation, and these may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.

【0021】また反応操作などの主として重合反応で取
り扱われるものとして、特に重合性単量体があるが、そ
の重合性単量体としては、重合性不飽和結合を有する化
合物、例えばスチレン、ビニルトルエン、エチルスチレ
ン、もしくはα−メチルスチレン等の芳香族モノビニル
化合物;核がハロゲン化されたこれらの誘導体、例えば
クロルスチレン、もしくはビニルベンジルクロライド;
アクリル酸もしくはその塩、もしくはそのエステル(特
にメチルもしくはエチルエステル);メタクリル酸もし
くはその塩、もしくはそのエステル(特にメチルエステ
ル);更にアクリル酸もしくはメタクリル酸のニトリル
もしくはアミド;ポリ不飽和化合物、例えばジビニルベ
ンゼン、ジビニルトルエン、トリビニルベンゼン、ジビ
ニルナフタレン、トリビニルナフタレンなどが例示さ
れ、これらは単独でも2種以上の混合物でも、またこれ
らと他の共重合可能な単量体との混合物であってもよ
い。尚、ここでいう水難溶性とは、常温での水に対する
溶解度が1重量%以下のものをいい、例えば有機液体、
重合性単量体などが挙げられる。代表的な重合性単量体
の水への溶解度は、表1の通りである。
The polymerizable monomer mainly handled in the polymerization reaction such as the reaction operation includes a polymerizable monomer. Examples of the polymerizable monomer include compounds having a polymerizable unsaturated bond, such as styrene and vinyl toluene. , Ethylstyrene, or an aromatic monovinyl compound such as α-methylstyrene; a derivative thereof having a halogenated nucleus, for example, chlorostyrene or vinylbenzyl chloride;
Acrylic acid or a salt thereof, or an ester thereof (especially methyl or ethyl ester); methacrylic acid or a salt thereof, or an ester thereof (especially methyl ester); and a nitrile or amide of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid; a polyunsaturated compound such as divinyl Examples thereof include benzene, divinyltoluene, trivinylbenzene, divinylnaphthalene, and trivinylnaphthalene. These may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more, or a mixture of these with another copolymerizable monomer. Good. Here, the term “poorly water-soluble” means that the solubility in water at room temperature is 1% by weight or less, for example, an organic liquid,
And polymerizable monomers. Table 1 shows the solubility of typical polymerizable monomers in water.

【0022】[0022]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0023】本発明が好適に適用される水難溶性の液滴
の液滴発生器、反応器および液滴の生成方法、重合反応
法を具体的に説明する。液滴の生成方法は、1ケ以上の
オリフィス孔から層流で重合性液体を分散保護剤を含有
する水性分散媒に噴流させるが、この時、オリフィス孔
を持つオリフィス板あるいはオリフィス板近傍の重合性
液体に所定の振幅と周波数の振動を加えると、生成する
液滴の径が均一になって好ましい状態なる、このような
機構をもつ液滴発生器を用いて、大きさの揃った該重合
性液体群を生成させる方法である。これらは、特開平−
2−305802号などに記載されている。
A droplet generator, a reactor, a method for producing droplets, and a polymerization reaction method of a poorly water-soluble droplet to which the present invention is suitably applied will be specifically described. In the method for producing droplets, a polymerizable liquid is jetted in a laminar flow from one or more orifice holes into an aqueous dispersion medium containing a dispersion protective agent. When a vibration of a predetermined amplitude and frequency is applied to an ionic liquid, the diameter of the generated droplets becomes uniform and becomes a preferable state. Using a droplet generator having such a mechanism, the polymerization having a uniform size is performed. This is a method for generating an ionic liquid group. These are disclosed in
No. 2-305802.

【0024】このような方法で得られる大きさの揃った
重合性液体の液滴群を、分散保護剤を含有する水性分散
媒とからなるスラリーとして、反応器と液滴発生器とを
接続する液滴導入ラインを通して反応器へ導入する。反
応器としては、一般に用いられている攪拌機、ジャケッ
トを備えている槽型反応器や、攪拌機などの機械的攪拌
混合操作によらず、分散保護剤が含まれている水性分散
媒と導入された重合性液体の液滴群との流動層を形成す
る塔型の流動層型反応器が例示される。
The group of droplets of the polymerizable liquid having a uniform size obtained by such a method is connected to a reactor and a droplet generator as a slurry comprising an aqueous dispersion medium containing a dispersion protective agent. It is introduced into the reactor through a droplet introduction line. As a reactor, a commonly used stirrer, a tank-type reactor equipped with a jacket, and an aqueous dispersion medium containing a dispersion protective agent were introduced regardless of mechanical stirring and mixing operations such as a stirrer. An example of a tower-type fluidized-bed reactor that forms a fluidized bed with droplets of a polymerizable liquid is exemplified.

【0025】また、反応方法としては、重合性液体の液
滴群の所定量全部を反応器へ導入させたのち所定の反応
温度に設定させ重合が進められる回分式と、予め反応器
内の水性分散媒に所定の反応温度に設定した状態に重合
性液体の液滴群を導入しつつ重合を進行させながら、一
方では重合体粒子として排出させる連続式が挙げられ
る。
The reaction method includes a batch method in which a predetermined amount of the polymerizable liquid droplet group is introduced into the reactor and then set at a predetermined reaction temperature to carry out the polymerization. A continuous method in which polymerization is carried out while introducing a group of polymerizable liquid droplets in a state where a predetermined reaction temperature is set in a dispersion medium, while discharging as polymer particles on the other hand, may be mentioned.

【0026】[0026]

【実施例】以下に本発明の実施例を挙げて更に詳細に説
明するが、本発明はこれら実施例のみに限定されるもの
ではない。尚、実施例において特記しない限り、部は重
量部を表す。 実施例1 内容積が1.5リットルの、材質がステンレスとガラ
ス、そしてシール材としてフッ素樹脂系が組み合わされ
た液滴発生器、輸送ラインを用いて重合性液体の液滴生
成を行った。
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, unless otherwise specified, parts are parts by weight. Example 1 Droplets of a polymerizable liquid were produced using a droplet generator and a transport line having an inner volume of 1.5 liters, made of stainless steel and glass, and a fluororesin as a sealant.

【0027】液滴発生器、輸送ラインおよびシール材な
どの表面には、予めメタノール液に分散されたコロイダ
ルシリカ(商品名:メタノールシリカゾル、日産化学工
業製)をメタノール液で1重量%に分散させ、これにコ
ロイダルシリカの固形分に対して20重量%のエチルシ
リケートを加えて調製したコロイダルシリカ分散液を塗
布、乾燥し、続いて水に分散されたリン酸カルシウム
(商品名:スーパタイトST−10、日本化学工業製)
をメタノールに置換し3重量%に調製したリン酸カルシ
ウム分散液を塗布、乾燥し、この操作を2回繰り返し、
最後には再度リン酸カルシウム分散液を塗布、乾燥して
塗膜を形成させた。
Colloidal silica (trade name: methanol silica sol, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) preliminarily dispersed in a methanol solution is dispersed on the surfaces of a droplet generator, a transport line, a sealing material and the like to 1% by weight with a methanol solution. A colloidal silica dispersion prepared by adding 20% by weight of ethyl silicate to the solid content of the colloidal silica was applied thereto, dried, and subsequently dispersed in water with calcium phosphate (trade name: Superite ST-10, Japan Chemical industry)
Was replaced with methanol, and a calcium phosphate dispersion adjusted to 3% by weight was applied and dried. This operation was repeated twice,
Finally, the calcium phosphate dispersion was applied again and dried to form a coating film.

【0028】次に、スチレンモノマーに過酸化ベンゾイ
ル0.26部を溶解した重合性液体を6.6リットル/
Hrの速度で液滴発生器に導入した。一方、液滴発生器に
は、ポリビニルアルコール0.025重量%および亜硝
酸ナトリウム0.006重量%を溶解した水性分散媒を
6.6リットル/Hrの速度で導入し、液滴発生器、輸送
ライン内部を満たしておいた。
Next, a polymerizable liquid obtained by dissolving 0.26 parts of benzoyl peroxide in a styrene monomer was charged at 6.6 liters / liter.
It was introduced into the droplet generator at the rate of Hr. On the other hand, an aqueous dispersion medium in which 0.025% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.006% by weight of sodium nitrite were dissolved was introduced into the droplet generator at a rate of 6.6 liter / Hr. The inside of the line was filled.

【0029】液滴発生器としては、直径0.25mmのオ
リフィス孔を25個有するステンレス製オリフィス板の
オリフィス孔に重合性液体を通すことにより重合性液体
の液滴を水性分散媒中に出し液滴化する装置を用いた。
液滴発生器を出た水性分散媒と重合性液体の液滴のスラ
リーは、導入ラインを経由して反応器へ導入した。この
間、重合性液体液滴の液滴発生器の器壁表面、シール材
などへの付着は全くなく、生成された均一な液滴はその
まま反応器へ導入されていることがガラス部での目視観
察で確認された。
As the droplet generator, a polymerizable liquid is passed through an orifice hole of a stainless steel orifice plate having 25 orifice holes having a diameter of 0.25 mm to discharge polymerizable liquid droplets into an aqueous dispersion medium. An apparatus for dropping was used.
The slurry of the aqueous dispersion medium and the polymerizable liquid droplets exiting the droplet generator was introduced into the reactor via the introduction line. During this time, there was no adhesion of the polymerizable liquid droplets to the wall surface of the droplet generator, the sealing material, etc., and it was visually observed in the glass part that the uniform droplets generated were directly introduced into the reactor. It was confirmed by observation.

【0030】比較例1 コロイダルシリカ分散液およびリン酸カルシウム分散液
の塗膜操作を行わない他は実施例1と全く同じ操作で重
合性液体の液滴を生成し、器壁表面への重合性液体の液
滴の付着状態を観察した。液滴生成を開始して間もな
く、器壁表面に多くの液滴付着が見られ、その部分での
流れが悪くなって液滴同士が合一し、生成された液滴の
均一性は失われていた。
Comparative Example 1 Droplets of a polymerizable liquid were formed in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating operation of the colloidal silica dispersion and the calcium phosphate dispersion was not performed, and the polymerizable liquid was deposited on the surface of the vessel wall. The state of attachment of the droplet was observed. Shortly after the start of droplet generation, many droplets adhered to the wall surface of the vessel, the flow in that part deteriorated, the droplets coalesced, and the uniformity of the generated droplets was lost I was

【0031】比較例2 コロイダルシリカ分散液を塗膜したがリン酸カルシウム
分散液を塗膜しない他は、実施例1と全く同じ操作で重
合性液体の液滴を生成し器壁表面への重合性液体の液滴
の付着状態を観察した。液滴生成を開始して間もなく、
器壁表面に多くの液滴付着が見られ、その部分での流れ
が悪くなって液滴同士が合一し、生成された液滴の均一
性は失われていた。
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 Except that the colloidal silica dispersion was applied but the calcium phosphate dispersion was not applied, droplets of the polymerizable liquid were formed in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, and the polymerizable liquid was applied to the surface of the vessel wall. The state of adhesion of the droplets was observed. Shortly after the droplet generation started,
Many droplets were found to adhere to the surface of the vessel wall, and the flow at that portion became poor, the droplets coalesced, and the uniformity of the generated droplets was lost.

【0032】比較例3 実施例1と全く同じ操作を使って、コロイダルシリカ分
散液を塗膜せずリン酸カルシウム分散液のみを塗膜した
他は、実施例1と全く同じ操作で重合性液体の液滴を生
成し器壁表面への重合性液体の液滴の付着状態を観察し
た。液滴生成を開始して間もなく、無機微粉末塗膜層が
剥離して器壁表面に多くの液滴付着が見られ、その部分
での流れが悪くなって液滴同士が合一し、生成された液
滴の均一性は失われていた。
Comparative Example 3 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the colloidal silica dispersion was not applied and only the calcium phosphate dispersion was applied. Drops were formed and the state of adhesion of the polymerizable liquid droplets to the surface of the vessel wall was observed. Shortly after the start of droplet generation, the inorganic fine powder coating layer peeled off and many droplets adhered to the vessel wall surface, and the flow in that part deteriorated, causing the droplets to coalesce and generate The uniformity of the applied droplet was lost.

【0033】実施例2 実施例1と全く同じ装置に、実施例1と同様にして調製
したコロイダルシリカ分散液と、ホモジナイザーを使っ
て無機微粉末をメタノールに分散した所定濃度の無機微
粉末分散液を用いて、実施例1と同じ方法で器壁表面へ
塗膜層を形成させた。各実験において、コロイダルシリ
カ分散液を塗布、乾燥した後に続いて用いた無機微粉末
分散液の種類および濃度を表2に示した。このようにし
て塗膜した装置を使って実施例1と全く同じ操作で重合
性液体の液滴を生成し、器壁表面への重合性液体の付着
状態を観察した。その結果を表2に示す。
Example 2 A colloidal silica dispersion prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and an inorganic fine powder dispersion having a predetermined concentration obtained by dispersing inorganic fine powder in methanol using a homogenizer in exactly the same apparatus as in Example 1. Was used to form a coating layer on the surface of the vessel wall in the same manner as in Example 1. In each experiment, Table 2 shows the type and concentration of the inorganic fine powder dispersion used after coating and drying the colloidal silica dispersion. Using the apparatus coated in this manner, droplets of the polymerizable liquid were generated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, and the state of adhesion of the polymerizable liquid to the vessel wall surface was observed. Table 2 shows the results.

【0034】[0034]

【表2】 注) * 〇:器壁表面に全く液滴付着が見られない。 △:器壁表面に僅かに液滴付着が見られるが、間もなく
剥がれ、液滴同士が合一することがない。
[Table 2] Note) * 〇: No droplet adhered to the surface of the vessel. Δ: Droplets adhered slightly on the surface of the vessel wall, but soon peeled off, and the droplets did not coalesce.

【0035】実施例3 実施例1と全く同じ装置に、実施例1と同様に調製した
コロイダルシリカ分散液(A分散液)とリン酸カルシウ
ム分散液(B分散液)を用いて塗膜層を形成させた。実
験No. 5、6は、コロイダルシリカ分散液とリン酸カル
シウム分散液を塗布する前に混合した分散液(AB分散
液)にしてこれを塗布、乾燥して塗膜層を形成させた。
このようにして塗膜した装置を使って実施例1と全く同
じ操作で重合性液体の液滴を生成し、器壁表面への重合
性液体の液滴の付着状態を観察した。その結果を表3に
示す。
Example 3 A coating layer was formed on the same apparatus as in Example 1 using the colloidal silica dispersion (A dispersion) and the calcium phosphate dispersion (B dispersion) prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Was. In Experiments Nos. 5 and 6, a dispersion (AB dispersion) was prepared by mixing the colloidal silica dispersion and the calcium phosphate dispersion before coating, and the dispersion was applied and dried to form a coating layer.
Using the apparatus coated in this manner, droplets of the polymerizable liquid were produced in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, and the state of adhesion of the droplets of the polymerizable liquid to the surface of the vessel wall was observed. Table 3 shows the results.

【0036】[0036]

【表3】 注) * 〇:器壁表面に全く液滴付着が見られない。 〇〜△:器壁表面に僅かに付着し剥がれる現象を繰り返
すが、液滴同士が合一することはない。 △:器壁表面に僅かに液滴付着が見られるが、間もなく
剥がれ、液滴同士が合一することがない。
[Table 3] Note) * 〇: No droplet adhered to the surface of the vessel. 〇 to △: The phenomenon of slightly adhering to and peeling off from the vessel wall surface is repeated, but the droplets do not coalesce. Δ: Droplets adhered slightly on the surface of the vessel wall, but soon peeled off, and the droplets did not coalesce.

【0037】実施例4 内容積1.5リットルの、材質がステンレスとガラスと
の組み合わされた液滴発生器と、分散媒の循環ラインと
ジャケットと下部より挿入したステンレス製の攪拌機が
備わっているコーン状で内容積が100リットルのグラ
スライニング製反応器、そして装置の継ぎ目のシール材
としてフッ素樹脂系や石綿を用いて次のようにして液滴
生成と反応を行った。
Example 4 A droplet generator having an internal volume of 1.5 liters and made of a combination of stainless steel and glass, a stainless steel stirrer inserted from the lower part of a dispersion medium circulation line, a jacket and a lower part were provided. Using a cone-shaped reactor made of glass lining having an inner volume of 100 liters, and a fluororesin or asbestos as a sealing material at the joint of the apparatus, droplets were formed and reacted as follows.

【0038】液滴発生器および反応器の器壁表面および
攪拌機、シール材などの表面には、予め、メタノールに
分散されたコロイダルシリカ(商品名:メタノールシリ
カゾル、日産化学工業製)をメタノールで1重量%に分
散させ、これにコロイダルシリカの固形分に対して20
重量%のエチルシリケートを加えて調製したコロイダル
シリカ分散液を塗布、乾燥し、続いて水に分散されたリ
ン酸カルシウム(商品名:スーパタイトST−10、日
本化学工業製)をメタノールに置換し3重量%に調製し
たリン酸カルシウム分散液を塗布、乾燥し、この操作を
2回繰り返し、最後には再度リン酸カルシウム分散液を
塗布、乾燥して塗膜を形成させた。
Colloidal silica (trade name: methanol silica sol, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) dispersed in methanol was previously coated with methanol on the surface of the wall of the droplet generator and the reactor, the surface of the stirrer, the sealing material, and the like. % By weight, and 20% based on the solid content of colloidal silica.
A colloidal silica dispersion prepared by adding ethyl silicate by weight% is applied and dried. Subsequently, calcium phosphate (trade name: Superite ST-10, manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry) dispersed in water is replaced with methanol to give 3 weight%. The calcium phosphate dispersion prepared above was applied and dried, and this operation was repeated twice. Finally, the calcium phosphate dispersion was applied again and dried to form a coating film.

【0039】次に、スチレンモノマーに過酸化ベンゾイ
ル0.26部を溶解した重合性液体を10.4リットル
/Hrの速度で液滴発生器に導入した。
Next, a polymerizable liquid obtained by dissolving 0.26 parts of benzoyl peroxide in a styrene monomer was introduced into the droplet generator at a rate of 10.4 l / Hr.

【0040】一方、液滴発生器には、リン酸カルシウム
0.1重量%、アルファオレフィンスルフォン酸ナトリ
ウム0.002重量%、ポリビニルアルコール0.01
2重量%および亜硝酸ナトリウム0.006重量%を溶
解した水性分散媒を20.8リットル/Hrの速度で導入
し、液滴発生器およびスラリー導入ライン内部を満たし
ておいた。液滴発生器としては、直径0.23mmのオリ
フィス孔を61個有するステンレス製オリフィス板のオ
リフィス孔に重合性液体を通すことにより重合性液体の
液滴を水性分散媒中に液滴化する装置を用いた。液滴発
生器を出た水性分散媒と重合性液体の液滴のスラリー
は、導入ラインを経由して反応器へ3.7時間導入し
た。反応器は、重合性液体の液滴の導入前に液滴発生器
と同様のリン酸カルシウム0.1重量%、アルファオレ
フィンスルフォン酸ナトリウム0.002重量%、ポリ
ビニルアルコール0.012重量%および亜硝酸ナトリ
ウム0.006重量%を分散そして溶解した水性分散媒
を満たし攪拌機で緩やかに攪拌させ、循環ラインを経由
して水性分散媒を600リットル/Hrの流量で循環して
おいた。液滴を生成している間、重合性液体液滴の液滴
発生器の器壁表面、シール材などへの付着は全くなく、
生成された均一な液滴はそのまま反応器へ導入されてい
ることがガラス部での目視観察で確認された。そして、
反応器内においても反応器、攪拌機等の器壁表面への付
着による液滴の合一は全くなく、均一な液滴の状態が維
持されていることを反応器内から液滴をサンプリングし
て顕微鏡で観察して確認した。
On the other hand, the droplet generator contains 0.1% by weight of calcium phosphate, 0.002% by weight of sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate, and 0.01% of polyvinyl alcohol.
An aqueous dispersion medium in which 2% by weight and 0.006% by weight of sodium nitrite were dissolved was introduced at a rate of 20.8 L / Hr to fill the inside of the droplet generator and the slurry introduction line. As a droplet generator, a device for converting polymerizable liquid droplets into an aqueous dispersion medium by passing a polymerizable liquid through orifice holes of a stainless steel orifice plate having 61 orifice holes having a diameter of 0.23 mm. Was used. The slurry of the droplets of the aqueous dispersion medium and the polymerizable liquid exiting the droplet generator was introduced into the reactor via the introduction line for 3.7 hours. Prior to the introduction of the polymerizable liquid droplets, the reactor was charged with 0.1% by weight of calcium phosphate, 0.002% by weight of sodium alpha olefin sulfonate, 0.012% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and sodium nitrite as in the droplet generator. The aqueous dispersion medium in which 0.006% by weight was dispersed and dissolved was filled, the mixture was gently stirred with a stirrer, and the aqueous dispersion medium was circulated through a circulation line at a flow rate of 600 L / Hr. During the generation of the droplets, the polymerizable liquid droplets did not adhere to the wall surface of the droplet generator, sealing material, etc.
It was confirmed by visual observation in the glass part that the generated uniform droplets were directly introduced into the reactor. And
Even in the reactor, there is no coalescence of droplets due to adhesion to the wall surface of the reactor, stirrer, etc., and sampling of droplets from inside the reactor confirms that a uniform droplet state is maintained. It was confirmed by observation with a microscope.

【0041】その後ジャケットにて反応器内のスラリー
を90℃に抑制して、2.5時間の流動床状態で重合を
進行させ、その後水性分散媒の循環を止め攪拌状態で更
に4時間重合して重合を完結させた。得られた重合体の
粒度分布を測定した結果、粒径0.5〜0.6mmの取得
率99.8%の粒子径の揃った真球状の重合体粒子を得
た。操作終了後の液滴発生器等の装置の器壁表面を水洗
して調べたところ、塗膜したリン酸カルシウム等の塗膜
層の剥離は全くなかった。また、重合完了後の反応器内
の攪拌機等を含む器壁表面も水洗して調べたところ、と
ころどころリン酸カルシウム塗膜層が剥離していたもの
の、液滴付着によると思われるようなスケール付着発生
はなく、きれいであった。
Thereafter, the slurry in the reactor was controlled at 90 ° C. by a jacket, and the polymerization was allowed to proceed in a fluidized bed state for 2.5 hours. Thereafter, the circulation of the aqueous dispersion medium was stopped, and the polymerization was further carried out for 4 hours with stirring. To complete the polymerization. As a result of measuring the particle size distribution of the obtained polymer, true spherical polymer particles having a particle diameter of 0.5 to 0.6 mm and a uniform particle diameter of 99.8% were obtained. After the operation was completed, the surface of the wall of the apparatus such as a droplet generator was washed with water and examined. As a result, there was no peeling of the coating layer such as the coated calcium phosphate. After the polymerization was completed, the surface of the vessel wall including the stirrer in the reactor was washed with water and examined.Although the calcium phosphate coating layer was peeled off in some places, scale adhesion that seems to be due to droplet adhesion did not occur. But it was beautiful.

【0042】実施例5 実施例4で反応器内の器壁表面の塗膜層の一部分が剥離
したが、この部分に再び実施例4で行った方法で塗膜層
を形成させた以外は、実施例4の操作が終了したそのま
まの状態の装置を使って実施例1と全く同じ操作を繰り
返した。結果は、実施例4と同じように全く問題なく、
良好な状態が得られた。また、以上の操作を更に3回繰
り返したが、実施例4と同様に全く問題なく良好な状態
が得られた。
Example 5 A part of the coating layer on the inner wall surface of the reactor in Example 4 was peeled off, except that a coating layer was formed on this part again by the method performed in Example 4. The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated using the apparatus as it was after the operation of Example 4 was completed. The result was no problem as in Example 4,
A good condition was obtained. Further, the above operation was repeated three more times, and a good state was obtained without any problem similarly to Example 4.

【0043】比較例4 内容積が1.5リットルの、材質がステンレスとガラ
ス、そしてシール材としてフッ素樹脂系が組み合わされ
た液滴発生器を用いて重合性液体の液滴生成を行った。
液滴発生器の器壁表面には、予め、水に分散されたコロ
イダルシリカ(商品名:スーノテックスST−UP、日
産化学工業製)を水で1重量%に調製したコロイダルシ
リカ分散液を塗布、乾燥したが、表面張力が大きいため
器壁表面を容易に濡らすことができず均一な塗膜層は形
成されなかった。続いて水に分散されたリン酸カルシウ
ム(商品名:スーパタイトST−10、日本化学工業
製)を水で3重量%に調製したリン酸カルシウム分散液
を塗布、乾燥したがやはり表面張力が大きいため器壁表
面を容易に濡らすことができず均一な塗膜層は形成され
なかった。この操作を2回繰り返し、最後には再度リン
酸カルシウム分散液を塗布、乾燥し塗膜層を形成させ
た。
Comparative Example 4 Droplets of a polymerizable liquid were produced using a droplet generator having an internal volume of 1.5 liters, which was made of a combination of stainless steel and glass and a fluororesin as a sealing material.
A colloidal silica dispersion in which colloidal silica (trade name: Sonotex ST-UP, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) dispersed in water is adjusted to 1% by weight with water is applied to the surface of the container wall of the droplet generator in advance. Although dried, the surface of the vessel wall could not be easily wetted due to high surface tension, and a uniform coating layer was not formed. Subsequently, a calcium phosphate dispersion prepared by dispersing calcium phosphate (trade name: Superite ST-10, manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) to 3% by weight with water was applied and dried. It could not be easily wetted and a uniform coating layer was not formed. This operation was repeated twice, and finally, the calcium phosphate dispersion was applied again and dried to form a coating layer.

【0044】上記装置を用いて実施例1と同じ条件で重
合性液体の液滴を生成させた。重合性液体の液滴を生成
開始して間もなく、生成された液滴は特に塗膜層の薄い
器壁表面に付着し、ここでの流れが悪くなって液滴同士
が合一する現象がガラス部の目視により観察された。ま
た、暫くして塗膜層の一部、特に塗膜層の厚い部分が剥
離する現象も見られた。
Using the above apparatus, droplets of a polymerizable liquid were produced under the same conditions as in Example 1. Shortly after the polymerizable liquid droplets began to be generated, the generated droplets adhered to the thin wall surface of the coating layer in particular, and the phenomenon where the flow deteriorated and the droplets coalesced was glass. Was visually observed. Further, after a while, a phenomenon was observed in which a part of the coating layer, particularly a thick part of the coating layer, was peeled off.

【0045】[0045]

【作用】本発明により、水難溶性の液滴の器壁表面への
付着が顕著に防止される機構については必ずしも明らか
ではないが、粘着性無機物が器壁表面材質と無機微粉末
とのカップリング剤の働きをし、器壁表面に強固に付着
した無機微粉末層を形成し、これによって器壁表面が親
水性に改良されるとともに、器壁表面形状が数10μm
以下の微細な凹凸になって水難溶性の液滴との接触面積
が無機微粉末が付着していない平滑面に比べ小さいため
に、液滴が付着されにくくなることによるものと推定さ
れる。
The mechanism by which the hardly water-soluble droplets are prevented from adhering to the wall surface of the container according to the present invention is not necessarily clear, but the adhesive inorganic substance is used to couple the surface wall material with the inorganic fine powder. Acts as an agent to form an inorganic fine powder layer firmly adhered to the surface of the container wall, thereby improving the hydrophilicity of the surface of the container wall and making the surface shape of the container wall several tens μm.
This is presumed to be due to the fact that the droplets are less likely to adhere because the following fine irregularities cause the contact area with the hardly water-soluble droplets to be smaller than the smooth surface on which the inorganic fine powder does not adhere.

【0046】[0046]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、液滴発生器、反応器な
どの器壁表面への水難溶性液滴の付着を実質的に完全に
防止することができ、しかも操作の繰り返しによっても
その効果は低下せず持続性を有する。そして、装置材質
も特に制限されず、従って製作加工性に自由性があるの
で工業上の利点が大きいステンレス鋼などの金属材料も
使用でき、湾曲等の装置形状による液滴の滞留などもな
い。本発明によれば、液滴発生器で作られた大きさの揃
った液滴が、そのまま均一性が保持され、製品が不揃い
になるようなこともない。また、本発明が適用される水
難溶性の液滴としては、特に重合性単量体が挙げられる
が、一般に知られている懸濁重合法で使用される添加
剤、例えば重合添加剤、重合開始剤、水相重合抑制剤、
分散保護剤、比重調整剤などの種類や量によっても、こ
の効果は全く影響されず、液滴発生器、反応器などの器
壁表面への水難溶性液滴の付着をほぼ完全に防止するこ
とができる。
According to the present invention, it is possible to substantially completely prevent the hardly water-soluble droplets from adhering to the wall surface of a vessel such as a droplet generator or a reactor, and even by repeating the operation. The effect is long-lasting without decreasing. Also, the material of the device is not particularly limited, and therefore, there is flexibility in manufacturing processability, so that a metal material such as stainless steel, which has a great industrial advantage, can be used, and there is no stagnation of droplets due to the device shape such as bending. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the uniformity of the droplet of uniform size produced by the droplet generator is maintained as it is, and the product does not become uneven. The hardly water-soluble droplets to which the present invention is applied include, in particular, polymerizable monomers, and additives used in a generally known suspension polymerization method, such as a polymerization additive and a polymerization initiator. Agent, aqueous phase polymerization inhibitor,
This effect is not affected at all by the type and amount of the dispersing protective agent, specific gravity adjusting agent, etc., and almost completely prevents the adhesion of poorly water-soluble droplets to the wall surface of the droplet generator, reactor, etc. Can be.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) C23F 11/00 C09D 1/00,5/00 C09K 3/18 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C23F 11/00 C09D 1 / 00,5 / 00 C09K 3/18

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 水および有機溶媒に難溶な無機微粉末の
薄膜を、水および有機溶媒に難溶でかつ粘着性を有する
無機物の薄膜を介して液滴発生器、反応器等の装置内表
面に形成させることを特徴とする液滴付着の防止方法。
1. A thin film of an inorganic fine powder, which is hardly soluble in water and an organic solvent, is passed through a thin film of an inorganic material, which is hardly soluble in water and an organic solvent and has tackiness, in a device such as a droplet generator or a reactor. A method for preventing the adhesion of droplets, characterized in that it is formed on a surface.
【請求項2】 水および有機溶媒に難溶でかつ粘着性を
有する無機物からなる薄膜を液滴発生器、反応器等の装
置の内表面に形成し、更に該薄膜の上に水および有機溶
媒に難溶な無機微粉末からなる薄膜を形成したことを特
徴とする液滴付着を防止した装置。
2. A thin film made of an inorganic substance which is hardly soluble in water and an organic solvent and which is sticky is formed on an inner surface of a device such as a droplet generator or a reactor, and water and an organic solvent are further formed on the thin film. An apparatus for preventing adhesion of droplets, wherein a thin film made of inorganic fine powder that is hardly soluble in water is formed.
JP4121244A 1992-04-14 1992-04-14 Droplet adhesion prevention method and droplet adhesion prevention device Expired - Lifetime JP3017359B2 (en)

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JP3017359B2 true JP3017359B2 (en) 2000-03-06

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