JP3015689B2 - Railway speedometer device - Google Patents

Railway speedometer device

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Publication number
JP3015689B2
JP3015689B2 JP28479694A JP28479694A JP3015689B2 JP 3015689 B2 JP3015689 B2 JP 3015689B2 JP 28479694 A JP28479694 A JP 28479694A JP 28479694 A JP28479694 A JP 28479694A JP 3015689 B2 JP3015689 B2 JP 3015689B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
magnetic flux
magnetic
rail
railway
speed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP28479694A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH08146024A (en
Inventor
尚 吉田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to JP28479694A priority Critical patent/JP3015689B2/en
Publication of JPH08146024A publication Critical patent/JPH08146024A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3015689B2 publication Critical patent/JP3015689B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】レール上を走る電車や列車の速度
を計測する鉄道用速度計装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a train running on rails and a railway speedometer for measuring the speed of a train.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の電車や列車の場合、速度計は、車
輪の回転を利用している。
2. Description of the Related Art In the case of a conventional train or train, a speedometer utilizes the rotation of wheels.

【0003】車輪の回転数を検出して、回転数×車輪の
外周長より速度検出する方法や、車輪に連動して交流発
電機を設置し、その発電機からの回転数に比例した交流
の電圧あるいは周波数を検出することにより検出してい
た。
[0003] A method of detecting the rotational speed of a wheel and detecting the speed based on the rotational speed x the outer peripheral length of the wheel, or installing an AC generator in conjunction with the wheel, and outputting an alternating current proportional to the rotational speed from the generator. It was detected by detecting voltage or frequency.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来は、いずれの場合
も、車輪の回転を利用しているが、鉄道の場合、レール
と車輪間でスリップすることが多いため、この方法で
は、スリップ分が誤差となり、正確な速度を検出するこ
とはできなかった。
Conventionally, in each case, the rotation of the wheels is used. However, in the case of a railway, slipping often occurs between the rails and the wheels. An error occurred, and an accurate speed could not be detected.

【0005】本発明は、車輪の回転ではなく、電車とレ
ールの相対速度を検出する方法のため、スリップによる
誤差がなく、高精度で計測できる鉄道用速度計装置を提
供することを目的としている。
An object of the present invention is to provide a speedometer device for a railway which can measure with high accuracy without an error due to a slip because the method detects a relative speed between a train and a rail, not a rotation of a wheel. .

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の鉄道用速度計装
置は、鉄道レールに隣接して設置され鉄道レールを磁束
ループの一部として磁束を発生させる磁束発生コイル
と、磁束発生コイルの両側で鉄道レールの前後方向に対
称的に配置されて磁束ループの磁気量を測定する複数の
磁気検出体と、磁気検出体を鉄道レールに対向させて鉄
道レールの前後方向の車両側に取付ける車両取付け具
と、複数の磁気検出体によって計測した磁束差から磁気
検出体の鉄道レールに対する移動速度を演算する速度演
算機能とを備えたことを特徴とする。
A railway speedometer according to the present invention is provided with a magnetic flux generating coil installed adjacent to a railway rail and generating a magnetic flux by using the railway rail as a part of a magnetic flux loop, and both sides of the magnetic flux generating coil. A plurality of magnetic detectors that are arranged symmetrically in the front and rear direction of the rail to measure the magnetic quantity of the magnetic flux loop, and a vehicle mounting that mounts the magnetic detector on the vehicle in the front and rear direction of the rail with the magnetic detector facing the rail And a speed calculating function for calculating a moving speed of the magnetic detector with respect to the railroad rail from a magnetic flux difference measured by the plurality of magnetic detectors.

【0007】[0007]

【作用】本発明の鉄道用速度計装置においては、鉄道レ
ールに隣接して磁束発生コイルを設置し、鉄道レールを
磁束ループの一部として磁束に発生させ、磁束発生コイ
ルの両側で鉄道レールの前後方向に対称的に複数の磁気
検出体を配置して磁束ループの磁気量を測定し、磁気検
出体を鉄道レールに対向させて鉄道レールの前後方向の
車両側に取付け、複数の磁気検出体によって計測した磁
束差から磁気検出体の鉄道レールに対する移動速度を演
算することを特徴とする。
In the railway speedometer device of the present invention, a magnetic flux generating coil is installed adjacent to a railway rail, and the railway rail is generated as a magnetic flux as a part of a magnetic flux loop. A plurality of magnetic detectors are arranged symmetrically in the front-rear direction to measure the magnetic quantity of the magnetic flux loop, and the magnetic detectors are mounted on the vehicle in the front-rear direction of the railway rail so as to face the rails. The moving speed of the magnetic detector with respect to the railway rail is calculated from the magnetic flux difference measured by the method.

【0008】[0008]

【実施例】次に本発明の鉄道用速度計装置の一実施例を
説明する。図1において、磁束発生コイル3は電車5の
下部に支持体2を介して取り付けられ、鉄道レール6に
隣接して設置され、鉄道レール6を磁束ループの一部と
して磁束を発生させる。磁束検出素子4a,4bは磁束
発生コイル3の両側で鉄道レールの前後方向に対称的に
配置されて磁束ループの磁気量を測定する複数の磁気検
出体である。車両取付け具9は磁束検出素子4a,4b
を鉄道レール6に対向させて鉄道レール6の前後方向の
車両側に取付ける器具である。速度演算機能10は磁束
検出素子4a,4bと接続され、磁束検出素子4a,4
bによって計測した磁束差から磁束検出素子4a,4b
の鉄道レール6に対する移動速度を演算する機能であ
る。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the railway speedometer of the present invention will now be described. In FIG. 1, a magnetic flux generating coil 3 is attached to a lower part of a train 5 via a support 2 and is installed adjacent to a railroad rail 6 to generate a magnetic flux by using the railroad rail 6 as a part of a magnetic flux loop. The magnetic flux detecting elements 4a and 4b are a plurality of magnetic detectors symmetrically arranged on both sides of the magnetic flux generating coil 3 in the front-back direction of the railroad rail to measure the magnetic quantity of the magnetic flux loop. The vehicle fixture 9 includes the magnetic flux detecting elements 4a and 4b.
Is mounted on the vehicle in the front-rear direction of the rail 6 so as to face the rail 6. The speed calculation function 10 is connected to the magnetic flux detecting elements 4a, 4b,
The magnetic flux detecting elements 4a, 4b
Is a function for calculating the moving speed of the vehicle relative to the railway rail 6.

【0009】即ち、速度検出器1は電車5の下部に鉄道
レール6に対向し、隙間を介して設置される。
That is, the speed detector 1 is installed at the lower part of the train 5 so as to face the railway rail 6 with a gap therebetween.

【0010】速度検出器1は、磁束を発生させる磁束発
生コイル3、この磁束発生コイル3からの磁束を検出す
るホール素子などの一対の磁束検出素子4a,4bが磁
束発生コイル3をはさんで対称位置に置かれ、これらが
絶縁材でできた支持体2により電車5の下部に取付けら
れている。そして、磁束検出素子4a,4bは電車の進
行方向に取付いている。
The speed detector 1 includes a magnetic flux generating coil 3 for generating a magnetic flux, and a pair of magnetic flux detecting elements 4a and 4b such as a Hall element for detecting the magnetic flux from the magnetic flux generating coil 3, sandwiching the magnetic flux generating coil 3. They are placed in symmetrical positions and are attached to the lower part of the train 5 by means of a support 2 made of insulating material. The magnetic flux detecting elements 4a and 4b are mounted in the traveling direction of the train.

【0011】図2は磁束発生部の拡大図、図3は電車5
の全体図を示している。
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a magnetic flux generating unit, and FIG.
FIG.

【0012】磁束発生コイル3に電流を流すと、図1の
点線で示すように磁束を発生する。よく知られているよ
うに、磁束が導電体に入ると導電体内にその磁束の回り
に渦電流が流れ、この渦電流により、元の磁束(一次磁
束)を打消す方向に二次磁束を発生する。この一次磁束
と二次磁束の差の磁束の強さを磁束検出素子4a,4b
が検出する。
When a current is applied to the magnetic flux generating coil 3, a magnetic flux is generated as shown by a dotted line in FIG. As is well known, when magnetic flux enters a conductor, an eddy current flows around the magnetic flux inside the conductor, and this eddy current generates a secondary magnetic flux in a direction to cancel the original magnetic flux (primary magnetic flux). I do. The magnetic flux intensity of the difference between the primary magnetic flux and the secondary magnetic flux is used as the magnetic flux detecting elements 4a, 4b.
Is detected.

【0013】電車5が停止している場合は、磁束発生コ
イル3に対し対称に取付いているので、磁束検出素子4
a,4bで検出される磁束の量は等しいため、検出素子
からの出力信号は等しい。磁束発生コイル4aからの出
力をVa、磁束発生コイル4bからの出力をVbとする
とVa−Vb=0 である。
When the electric train 5 is stopped, the electric train 5 is mounted symmetrically with respect to the magnetic flux generating coil 3.
Since the amounts of magnetic flux detected at a and 4b are equal, the output signals from the detection elements are equal. Assuming that the output from the magnetic flux generating coil 4a is Va and the output from the magnetic flux generating coil 4b is Vb, Va−Vb = 0.

【0014】電車5が図2にように矢印←の方向に移動
すると、磁束発生コイル3から発生される磁束Bがレー
ルに入る部分では、電車5が移動することにより、あた
かもレール巾の磁束が変化(増加)することになり、鉄
道レール(導体)6中に渦電流が発生する。渦電流はA
=dB/dt(磁束Bの時間変化t)で表わされる。こ
の渦電流は磁束の変化に対し、少し遅れて発生する。
When the electric train 5 moves in the direction of the arrow ← as shown in FIG. 2, in a portion where the magnetic flux B generated from the magnetic flux generating coil 3 enters the rail, as the electric train 5 moves, the magnetic flux of the rail width is generated. This causes a change (increase), and an eddy current is generated in the rail (conductor) 6. Eddy current is A
= DB / dt (time change t of magnetic flux B). This eddy current is generated with a slight delay with respect to the change in magnetic flux.

【0015】鉄道レール6中に生じた渦電流により、次
に2次磁束が発生するがこの2次磁束は、元の磁束Bを
打消す方向(反対方向)に発生する。このため、進行方
向先端部分では磁束Bは電車が移動すると見かけ上減少
するよう検出される。
Next, a secondary magnetic flux is generated by the eddy current generated in the railroad rail 6, and the secondary magnetic flux is generated in a direction to cancel the original magnetic flux B (opposite direction). For this reason, it is detected that the magnetic flux B is apparently reduced when the train moves at the leading end in the traveling direction.

【0016】又、鉄道レール6から磁束Bがなくなる下
流部分でも同様に渦電流が発生する。しかしこの渦電流
による2次磁束は遅れて発生するため、下流側の磁束B
の減少は少い。
In addition, an eddy current is similarly generated in a downstream portion where the magnetic flux B disappears from the railroad rail 6. However, since the secondary magnetic flux due to the eddy current is generated with a delay, the downstream magnetic flux B
The decrease is small.

【0017】つまり、レールに生じた渦電流による2次
磁束は、電車5の移動により磁束Bを打ち消す方向に発
生し、一定時間遅れて発生するため、電車5が速くなれ
ば早くなる程、下流側へずれて発生する。このことか
ら、停車中は磁束検出素子4a,4bの出力は同じであ
ったが、電車が移動するに従い上流側が減少し下流側が
増加して検出される。
That is, the secondary magnetic flux due to the eddy current generated in the rail is generated in a direction to cancel the magnetic flux B by the movement of the train 5 and is generated with a certain time delay. It occurs shifted to the side. For this reason, while the vehicle is stopped, the outputs of the magnetic flux detecting elements 4a and 4b are the same, but as the train moves, the upstream side decreases and the downstream side increases and is detected.

【0018】磁束検出素子4a,4bからの出力を出力
をVa、磁束検出素子4bからの出力をVbとすると、
電車5が移動中はVb−Va=Vc>0となり、かつ電
車5の速度とVcの値がある比例関係となる。
Assuming that the outputs from the magnetic flux detecting elements 4a and 4b are Va and the output from the magnetic flux detecting elements 4b is Vb,
While the train 5 is moving, Vb−Va = Vc> 0, and there is a proportional relationship between the speed of the train 5 and the value of Vc.

【0019】図5は測定回路を示す。磁束検出素子4
a,4bの磁束の強さに応じた電圧Va,Vbは初段の
アンプ21a,21bで増幅され、差動アンプ22で両
者の差の電圧Vcが検出される。そして、補正回路23
にて、速度に直線比例した電気出力に変換され出力され
る。他に磁束発生コイルに電流を供給するための発信回
路を有しているが図5では省略した。
FIG. 5 shows a measuring circuit. Magnetic flux detecting element 4
Voltages Va and Vb corresponding to the strengths of the magnetic fluxes a and 4b are amplified by first-stage amplifiers 21a and 21b, and a differential amplifier 22 detects a difference voltage Vc between the two. Then, the correction circuit 23
Is converted into an electric output that is linearly proportional to the speed and output. In addition, a transmitting circuit for supplying a current to the magnetic flux generating coil is provided, but is omitted in FIG.

【0020】次に、図6に校正装置を示す。渦電流を利
用した速度計の場合は、レールの形状や材質により渦電
流の発生度合が異なるため、必ず校正を行なわなければ
ならない。
Next, FIG. 6 shows a calibration device. In the case of a speedometer using eddy current, the degree of occurrence of eddy current differs depending on the shape and material of the rail, so calibration must always be performed.

【0021】図6では、校正される速度検出器1に対向
して回転する円板32が隙間Sを介して置かれている。
この円板32と速度検出器1との対向部は、レールと同
じ形状でかつ同等材質のものを用いる。34は円板32
を軸受35を介して回転させるモータで、これらはベー
ス33に保持されている。
In FIG. 6, a disk 32 rotating opposite to the speed detector 1 to be calibrated is placed via a gap S.
The facing portion between the disk 32 and the speed detector 1 has the same shape as the rail and is made of the same material. 34 is a disk 32
Are rotated via bearings 35, which are held by a base 33.

【0022】速度検出器1と円板32との隙間Sを電車
に取付けた場合と同じ寸法に設置し、円板32を低速か
ら高速まで電車の速度と同じようになるように回転さ
せ、その時の速度検出器1の出力を求めておけば、校正
曲線が作成できる。
The gap S between the speed detector 1 and the disc 32 is set to the same size as that when the train is mounted, and the disc 32 is rotated from low speed to high speed so as to be the same as the speed of the train. If the output of the speed detector 1 is obtained, a calibration curve can be created.

【0023】電車に取付けた後は、速度検出器1の出力
とこの校正曲線より速度を正確に検出できるものであ
る。
After being mounted on the train, the speed can be accurately detected from the output of the speed detector 1 and this calibration curve.

【0024】図4は他の実施例を示す。図1の場合は磁
束発生コイル3の両側に取付けた磁束検出器1はホール
素子を用いたが、図4の応用例は磁束検出にコイル12
a,12bを用いており、コイル12a,12bでも同
様に計測することができる。
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment. In the case of FIG. 1, the magnetic flux detectors 1 mounted on both sides of the magnetic flux generating coil 3 use Hall elements, but in the application example of FIG.
a and 12b, and the coils 12a and 12b can be similarly measured.

【0025】本実施例においては、車輪とレールのスリ
ップによる誤差を生じることなく、真の速度が検出で
き、高精度であり、車輪をもたない磁気浮上の電車にも
応用できる。
In the present embodiment, the true speed can be detected without causing an error due to the slip between the wheels and the rails, and the present invention can be applied to a high-accuracy magnetic levitation train without wheels.

【0026】[0026]

【発明の効果】本発明の速度計の場合は、非接触でレー
ルとの相対速度を検出する方法であることから、可動部
分がなく、長寿命であるという効果がある。
According to the speedometer of the present invention, since the relative speed with respect to the rail is detected in a non-contact manner, there is an effect that there is no movable part and the life is long.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の一実施例を示す鉄道用速度計装置の説
明図である。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a railway speedometer device showing one embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】図1の説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of FIG.

【図3】図1の装置全体を示す説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the entire apparatus of FIG. 1;

【図4】他の実施例を示す速度計装置の説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a speedometer device showing another embodiment.

【図5】補正回路の構成図である。FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a correction circuit.

【図6】校正装置を示す一部切欠き正面図である。FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway front view showing the calibration device.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

3 磁束発生コイル 4a,4b 磁束検出素子 10 速度演算機能 3 Magnetic flux generating coil 4a, 4b Magnetic flux detecting element 10 Speed calculation function

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 鉄道レールに隣接して設置され前記鉄道
レールを磁束ループの一部として磁束を発生させる磁束
発生コイルと、この磁束発生コイルの両側で前記鉄道レ
ールの前後方向に対称的に配置されて前記磁束ループの
磁気量を測定する複数の磁気検出体と、これらの磁気検
出体を鉄道レールに対向させて前記鉄道レールの前後方
向の車両側に取付ける車両取付け具と、前記複数の磁気
検出体によって計測した磁束差から前記磁気検出体の前
記鉄道レールに対する移動速度を演算する速度演算機能
と、を具備したことを特徴とする鉄道用速度計装置。
1. A magnetic flux generating coil which is installed adjacent to a railway rail and generates a magnetic flux by using the railway rail as a part of a magnetic flux loop, and symmetrically disposed on both sides of the magnetic flux generating coil in a longitudinal direction of the railway rail. A plurality of magnetic detectors for measuring the magnetic quantity of the magnetic flux loop; a vehicle mounting tool for mounting these magnetic detectors on a vehicle side in the front-rear direction of the railway rail so as to face the railway rail; and A speed calculating function for calculating a moving speed of the magnetic detector with respect to the railroad rail from a magnetic flux difference measured by the detector.
JP28479694A 1994-11-18 1994-11-18 Railway speedometer device Expired - Lifetime JP3015689B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28479694A JP3015689B2 (en) 1994-11-18 1994-11-18 Railway speedometer device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28479694A JP3015689B2 (en) 1994-11-18 1994-11-18 Railway speedometer device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08146024A JPH08146024A (en) 1996-06-07
JP3015689B2 true JP3015689B2 (en) 2000-03-06

Family

ID=17683135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP28479694A Expired - Lifetime JP3015689B2 (en) 1994-11-18 1994-11-18 Railway speedometer device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3015689B2 (en)

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