JP2979765B2 - Inverter for synchronous motor - Google Patents
Inverter for synchronous motorInfo
- Publication number
- JP2979765B2 JP2979765B2 JP3226803A JP22680391A JP2979765B2 JP 2979765 B2 JP2979765 B2 JP 2979765B2 JP 3226803 A JP3226803 A JP 3226803A JP 22680391 A JP22680391 A JP 22680391A JP 2979765 B2 JP2979765 B2 JP 2979765B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- current
- voltage
- frequency
- motor
- synchronous motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/047—V/F converter, wherein the voltage is controlled proportionally with the frequency
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/46—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual synchronous motor
- H02P1/50—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual synchronous motor by changing over from asynchronous to synchronous operation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、低周波運転によって同
期電動機を始動する同期電動機用インバータに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synchronous motor inverter for starting a synchronous motor by low frequency operation.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】同期電動機は、その同期速度近くまで回
転を上げるのに誘導電動機として始動するのが一般的で
あり、誘導電動機と同期電動機の特性を併有するために
制動巻線を設ける方法又は低周波始動方法（同期始動方
法）がある。2. Description of the Related Art A synchronous motor is generally started as an induction motor in order to increase its rotation to near its synchronous speed, and a method of providing a braking winding to have both characteristics of the induction motor and the synchronous motor, or There is a low-frequency starting method (synchronous starting method).
【０００３】何れの始動方法においても、始動電流を小
さくするために減電圧で始動するのが好ましく、電圧及
び周波数制御を容易にするインバータを電源とすること
でその低電圧・低周波出力から徐々に同期速度まで上昇
させる始動方法が多く採用される。In any of the starting methods, it is preferable to start with a reduced voltage in order to reduce the starting current. By using an inverter for facilitating voltage and frequency control as a power supply, the low voltage / low frequency output is gradually reduced. In many cases, a starting method for increasing the speed to the synchronous speed is employed.
【０００４】インバータを電源とする同期電動機の始動
方法として、特開昭６１−１６７３８１号公報に記載さ
れる永久磁石式同期電動機の始動方法がある。この始動
方法は、始動電流を低くするためにインバータを零周波
始動して同期引き入れを行うのに、インバータ出力周波
数を零周波から直線的に上昇させると加速トルクの発生
が小さく脱調現象が起きるのを防止するもので、図４に
始動時の周波数・電圧特性を示すように、零周波から電
動機の負荷角と発生トルクピークの関係が一定となる運
転周波数までの低周波域ではインバータ出力周波数・電
圧を緩やかに上昇させ、その後に電圧と周波数を時間と
共に直線的に上昇させる。As a method for starting a synchronous motor using an inverter as a power source, there is a method for starting a permanent magnet type synchronous motor described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-167381. According to this starting method, in order to reduce the starting current, the inverter is started at zero frequency to perform synchronous pull-in. If the inverter output frequency is linearly increased from zero frequency, the generation of acceleration torque is small and a step-out phenomenon occurs. As shown in the frequency-voltage characteristics at the time of start-up in FIG. 4, the inverter output frequency in the low frequency range from zero frequency to the operating frequency at which the relationship between the load angle of the motor and the generated torque peak is constant. Increase the voltage slowly, then increase the voltage and frequency linearly with time.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の始動方法におい
て、低周波域の周波数，電圧の特性は固定のもので、始
動時に同期電動機に流す電流が始動電圧によって決ま
る。しかしながら、インバータの始動電圧が同じにあっ
ても同期電動機の内部定数，インバータから同期電動機
までの電源ケーブル長等によって電動機に印加される始
動電圧が異なるものになり、同期電動機の取換えや設置
場所の変更等によってインバータの始動電圧を設備毎で
調整を必要とする問題があった。仮に、設備変更等によ
って始動電圧が不足する場合には電圧不足による脱調現
象が発生し、過電圧時は過励磁による過電流が発生す
る。In the conventional starting method, the characteristics of the frequency and voltage in the low frequency range are fixed, and the current flowing through the synchronous motor at the time of starting is determined by the starting voltage. However, even if the starting voltage of the inverter is the same, the starting voltage applied to the motor differs depending on the internal constant of the synchronous motor, the length of the power cable from the inverter to the synchronous motor, and the like. There is a problem that the starting voltage of the inverter needs to be adjusted for each equipment due to the change of the power supply. If the starting voltage is insufficient due to equipment change or the like, a step-out phenomenon occurs due to insufficient voltage, and at the time of overvoltage, an overcurrent occurs due to overexcitation.
【０００６】本発明の目的は、同期電動機との接続ケー
ブルや電動機取換え等にも適正な低周波始動になるイン
バータを提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an inverter which can be started at a proper low frequency even when a connection cable to a synchronous motor or a motor is replaced.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、前記課題の解
決を図るため、同期電動機への印加電圧Ｖと周波数ｆを
低電圧・低周波数から徐々に同期速度まで上昇させ、該
電動機を該同期速度で運転する同期電動機用インバータ
において、同期電動機の始動時に周波数ｆを低い値に固
定し、電動機電流を零から徐々に一定電流まで上昇さ
せ、電動機電流を該一定電流に制限した電圧ΔＶを得る
電流制限手段と、この電流制限手段による制御で電動機
電流が前記一定電流に達したときからタイマで計時する
一定時間後に動作を開始し、前記電流制限手段における
電圧ΔＶを初期値とする電圧Ｖ及び周波数ｆを、同期電
動機の負荷角と発生トルクピークの関係が一定となる電
圧Ｖ 0 ，周波数Ｆ 0 に移行するのに必要な電圧Ｖ 1 ，周波
数Ｆ 1 まで上昇させる移行制御手段と、この移行制御手
段による制御で電圧Ｖ及び周波数ｆが前記電圧Ｖ 1 ，周
波数Ｆ 1 に達したときに該電圧Ｖと周波数ｆの比を一定
にして前記電圧Ｖ 0 ，周波数Ｆ 0 まで上昇させるＶ／ｆ一
定制御手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする。According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the voltage V applied to the synchronous motor and the frequency f are adjusted.
Gradually increase from low voltage / low frequency to synchronous speed,
In the synchronous motor inverter that operates the motor at the synchronous speed, the frequency f is fixed to a low value when the synchronous motor is started, and the motor current is gradually increased from zero to a constant current.
To obtain a voltage ΔV in which the motor current is limited to the constant current.
Current limiting means, and a timer measures time from when the motor current reaches the constant current under the control of the current limiting means.
The operation is started after a certain time, and
The voltage V and the frequency f with the voltage ΔV as the initial values are
The relationship between the load angle of the motive and the peak of the generated torque is constant.
Pressure V 0 , voltage V 1 required to shift to frequency F 0 , frequency
And transition control means for raising up to several F 1, the transition control hand
With the control by the stage , the voltage V and the frequency f are changed to the voltage V 1 ,
When the wave number F 1 is reached, the ratio between the voltage V and the frequency f is kept constant
To increase the voltage V 0 and the frequency F 0.
Fixed control means .
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】上記構成になる本発明によれば、低周波域には
電流制限手段により、同期電動機の電流を一定値に制限
した電圧制御で加速し、低周波域からＶ／ｆの一定域へ
の切換え点まで加速されたときに、この時の出力電圧を
初期値としてＶ／ｆ一定制御への移行制御手段を経てＶ
／ｆ一定制御へ移行する。この電流制限手段の電流制限
によりインバータと同期電動機間のケーブルによる電圧
降下や同期電動機の内部定数の変化にも過電圧や不足電
圧を起こすことなく所期のトルク電流を供給した始動を
得る。According to the present invention having the above-described structure, in the low frequency range,
The current limiter accelerates the current of the synchronous motor by voltage control in which the current is limited to a constant value. When the current is accelerated from a low frequency range to a switching point of V / f to a constant range, the output voltage at this time is set to an initial value. Through the transition control means to V / f constant control
The control shifts to / f constant control. Due to the current limitation of the current limiting means , a start can be obtained in which a desired torque current is supplied without causing an overvoltage or an undervoltage even in a voltage drop due to a cable between the inverter and the synchronous motor or a change in an internal constant of the synchronous motor.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】図１は本発明の一実施例を示す装置構成図で
ある。インバータの主回路構成は、整流器１による交流
−直流変換と、インバータ本体２による直流から制御さ
れた周波数，電圧の交流への変換を行い、同期電動機３
に供給する。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The main circuit configuration of the inverter performs AC-DC conversion by the rectifier 1 and conversion of the controlled frequency and voltage from DC to AC by the inverter main body 2, and the synchronous motor 3.
To supply.
【００１０】制御装置構成は、周波数設定器４による同
期電動機３のＶ／ｆ一定領域での周波数設定出力Ｆｓ
と、周波数−電圧変換器５による周波数Ｆｓに比例した
電圧設定出力Ｖｓと、ＰＷＭ演算器６による周波数Ｆ
ｓ，電圧Ｖｓに一致するＰＷＭ波形の発生と、ベースド
ライバ７によるＰＷＭ波形に一致する各相オン・オフベ
ース制御信号の出力とによってインバータ本体２の主回
路スイッチ（トランジスタ）をオン・オフ制御する。The control device has a frequency setting output Fs in a constant V / f range of the synchronous motor 3 by the frequency setting device 4.
A voltage setting output Vs proportional to the frequency Fs by the frequency-to-voltage converter 5;
The main circuit switch (transistor) of the inverter body 2 is turned on / off by the generation of a PWM waveform that matches the voltage s and the voltage Vs, and the output of the on / off base control signal for each phase that matches the PWM waveform by the base driver 7. .
【００１１】上述までの主回路構成及び制御装置構成は
従来の構成と同等のものである。ここで、本実施例では
同期電動機３の零周波始動制御装置としてブロック８〜
１７を要素とする回路構成が設けられる。The main circuit configuration and the control device configuration described above are equivalent to the conventional configuration. Here, in the present embodiment, blocks 8 to 8 serve as a zero-frequency start control device of the synchronous motor 3.
A circuit configuration having 17 as an element is provided.
【００１２】定格電流設定器８は同期電動機３の定格電
流Ｉｓを設定し、電流検出器９はインバータ本体２から
同期電動機３への供給電流Ｉｕ、Ｉｖ、Ｉｗから直流電
流Ｉｄを次式で検出する。A rated current setting unit 8 sets a rated current Is of the synchronous motor 3, and a current detector 9 detects a DC current Id from supply currents Iu, Iv, Iw from the inverter body 2 to the synchronous motor 3 by the following equation. I do.
【００１３】Ｉｄ＝Ｋ（Ｉｕ2＋Ｉｖ2＋Ｉｗ2）1/2 又、この直流電流Ｉｄの検出はインバータ２に入力する
直流入力電流をＨＣＴ等で検出に代えることもできる。Id = K (Iu 2 + Iv 2 + Iw 2 ) 1/2 Further , the detection of the DC current Id can be replaced by the detection of the DC input current input to the inverter 2 by HCT or the like.
【００１４】減算器１０は設定される定格電流Ｉｓと検
出電流Ｉｄの差電流ΔＩ（＝Ｉｓ−Ｉｄ）を求め、リミ
ッタ回路１１は差電流ΔＩを同期電動機３の定格電流
（１００％電流）に制限し、比例積分（ＰＩ）演算回路
１２はリミッタ回路１１を通した差電流ΔＩに対して比
例積分演算を行いΔＩの変化率制限をし、リミッタ回路
１３はＰＩ処理したΔＩの負極性分をカットして同期電
動機３の定格電流（１００％電流）に制限し、電流−電
圧変換部１４はリミッタ回路１３を通した差電流ΔＩを
比例した電圧ΔＶに変換する。この電流−電圧変換は次
式によって行われる。The subtractor 10 calculates a difference current ΔI (= Is−Id) between the set rated current Is and the detection current Id, and the limiter circuit 11 converts the difference current ΔI to the rated current (100% current) of the synchronous motor 3. The proportional-integral (PI) calculation circuit 12 performs a proportional-plus-integral calculation on the difference current ΔI passed through the limiter circuit 11 to limit the rate of change of ΔI, and the limiter circuit 13 calculates the negative polarity component of ΔI subjected to PI processing. The current is cut and limited to the rated current (100% current) of the synchronous motor 3, and the current-voltage converter 14 converts the difference current ΔI passed through the limiter circuit 13 into a proportional voltage ΔV. This current-voltage conversion is performed by the following equation.
【００１５】ΔＶ＝（ΔＩ／ＩＲ）×ＶAUTO 但し，Ｖauto：オートトルクブーストに設定されたブー
スト電圧 ＩＲ：電動機の定格電流値 電流−電圧変換器１４で変換された電圧ΔＶは切換スイ
ッチ１５によって周波数−電圧変換器５の出力電圧Ｖｓ
に切替えてＰＷＭ演算器６の電圧制御信号にされる。コ
ンパレータ１６は減算器１０からの差電流ΔＩが設定値
まで低下したか否かを検出し、カウンタ１７はコンパレ
ータ１６の検出出力でクロック計数を開始して所定値に
達したとき（カウントアップ）に切替スイッチ１５を電
流−電圧変換器１４から周波数−電圧変換器５側に切替
える。変換器５は変換器１４の出力ΔＶを初期値として
取込む。ΔV = (ΔI / IR) × V AUTO where V auto is a boost voltage set for the auto torque boost IR is a rated current value of the motor The voltage ΔV converted by the current-voltage converter 14 is a changeover switch 15 Output voltage Vs of the frequency-voltage converter 5
To the voltage control signal of the PWM calculator 6. The comparator 16 detects whether or not the difference current ΔI from the subtractor 10 has decreased to a set value, and the counter 17 starts clock counting with the detection output of the comparator 16 and reaches a predetermined value (count-up). The changeover switch 15 is switched from the current-voltage converter 14 to the frequency-voltage converter 5 side. Converter 5 takes in output ΔV of converter 14 as an initial value.
【００１６】上述の構成による始動制御を図２のタイム
チャートを参照して説明する。同期電動機の始動時には
切替スイッチ１５が図示の状態にあり、時刻ｔ0の始動
開始でまず周波数設定器４が始動周波数Ｆｍｉｎを出力
する。このとき、ＰＷＭ演算器６の周波数入力はＦｍｉ
ｎに固定され、電圧入力は電流−電圧変換器１４の出力
ΔＶ（零）にあり、インバータ２の出力周波数がＦｍｉ
ｎで出力電圧が零で始動開始になる。The starting control according to the above configuration will be described with reference to the time chart of FIG. When the synchronous motor is started, the changeover switch 15 is in the state shown in the figure. At the start of the start at time t 0 , the frequency setting device 4 first outputs the start frequency Fmin. At this time, the frequency input of the PWM calculator 6 is Fmi
n, the voltage input is at the output ΔV (zero) of the current-voltage converter 14, and the output frequency of the inverter 2 is Fmi.
At n, the output voltage is zero and the start of the start is started.
【００１７】始動開始時には電流検出値Ｉｄが零にあ
り、定格電流設定値Ｉｓが１００％値にあることから、
減算器１０の出力になる差電流ΔＩは１００％出力に立
上る。この差電流ΔＩはリミッタ回路１１により１００
％に制限されて比例積分演算器１２の入力になり、該演
算部出力が１００％相当より徐々に減少する一次遅れ出
力になり、電流−電圧変換器１４の出力ΔＶも同様にな
る。At the start of starting, the current detection value Id is zero, and the rated current set value Is is 100%.
The difference current ΔI that is output from the subtracter 10 rises to 100% output. This difference current ΔI is set to 100 by the limiter circuit 11.
% And becomes the input of the proportional-integral calculator 12, the output of the calculator becomes a first-order lag output gradually decreasing from 100% equivalent, and the output ΔV of the current-voltage converter 14 becomes the same.
【００１８】始動開始で、変換器１４の出力ΔＶが上昇
してくると、インバータ出力電流Ｉｄも上昇し、差電流
ΔＩが減少してくる。この差電流ΔＩがコンパレータ１
６に設定する電流（図示では定格電流５％）まで低下す
ると（時刻ｔ 1 ）、該コンパレータ１６の検出出力でカ
ウンタ１７が計数を開始する。以後、カウンタ１７の計
数が設定値に達するまで（時刻ｔ2）ΔＶによる電圧制
御が継続される。このとき、ΔＶはリミッタ回路１３と
変換器１４によってブースト電圧に制限された一定値に
保持され、インバータ出力電流Ｉｄも一定値に制限され
る。When the output ΔV of the converter 14 increases at the start of starting, the inverter output current Id also increases, and the difference current ΔI decreases. This difference current ΔI is calculated by the comparator 1
When the current drops to the current set to 6 (rated current 5% in the figure) (time t 1 ), the counter 17 starts counting with the detection output of the comparator 16. Thereafter, the voltage control by ΔV is continued until the count of the counter 17 reaches the set value (time t 2 ). At this time, ΔV is held at a constant value limited to the boost voltage by the limiter circuit 13 and the converter 14, and the inverter output current Id is also limited to a constant value.
【００１９】従って、始動開始（ｔ0）からカウンタ１
７のカウントアップ（ｔ2）までは電流制限した始動に
なる。この電流制限による始動ではインバータ本体２と
同期電動機３との間を接続するケーブルでの電圧降下や
同期電動機３の内部定数の違いに影響されることなく所
期の始動電圧を供給し、過電圧による過励磁や電圧不足
による脱調現象を防止する。Therefore, the counter 1 is started from the start (t 0 ).
Until the count-up (t 2 ) of 7, the current-limited start is performed. In starting by the current limitation, an intended starting voltage is supplied without being affected by a voltage drop in a cable connecting between the inverter main body 2 and the synchronous motor 3 or a difference in an internal constant of the synchronous motor 3, and an overvoltage causes Step-out phenomenon due to overexcitation or insufficient voltage is prevented.
【００２０】時刻ｔ2までのモード０による電流制御
後、カウンタ１７のカウントアップで切替スイッチ１５
を周波数−電圧変換器５側に切替える（モード１）。こ
のとき、変換器５はスイッチ１５を通した電圧ΔＶを初
期値とし、周波数設定値Ｆｓに比例して上昇する電圧出
力Ｖｓを得る。After the current control in mode 0 until time t 2 , the change-over switch 15
Is switched to the frequency-voltage converter 5 side (mode 1). At this time, the converter 5 sets the voltage ΔV passed through the switch 15 as an initial value, and obtains a voltage output Vs that increases in proportion to the frequency set value Fs.
【００２１】Ｖｓ＝Ｋ・Ｆｓ＋ΔＶ このときの比例定数Ｋは次式から求める。Vs = K · Fs + ΔV The proportional constant K at this time is obtained from the following equation.
【００２２】Ｋ＝（Ｆ0−Ｆ1）／（Ｖ0−Ｖ1） 上式中、Ｆ0及びＶ0は低周波域からＶ／ｆ一定域への切
換わり点Ｐ（図４参照）の周波数及び電圧値に設定さ
れ、Ｆ1及びＶ1は切換わり点Ｐに移行するに必要な周波
数及び電圧値に設定される。K = (F 0 −F 1 ) / (V 0 −V 1 ) In the above equation, F 0 and V 0 are switching points P from a low frequency range to a constant V / f range (see FIG. 4). , And F 1 and V 1 are set to the frequency and voltage values required to shift to the switching point P.
【００２３】時刻ｔ2からのモード１では電流制限制御
からＶ／ｆ一定制御への移行モードになり、時刻ｔ3で
は電圧ＶｓはＶ1に一致し、周波数はＦ1に一致する。こ
の時点では出力電流Ｉｄは減少してくるが次のモード２
（時点ｔ3以降）に入ってＶ／ｆ一定制御によって一定
電流に向かって減少し、時刻ｔ4ではＶ／ｆ一定制御へ
の移行を終了し、以後にはＶ／ｆ一定制御になる。In mode 1 from time t 2 , the mode is a transition from current limit control to V / f constant control. At time t 3 , the voltage Vs matches V 1 and the frequency matches F 1 . At this time, the output current Id decreases, but the next mode 2
(After time t 3 ), the current decreases toward a constant current by the V / f constant control. At time t 4 , the transition to the V / f constant control ends, and thereafter, the V / f constant control starts.
【００２４】図３は本発明の他の実施例を示し、始動制
御回路８〜１７に代えてマイクロコンピュータによるソ
フトウエア構成とする場合のフローチャートを示す。始
動開始時はモード０に設定され、モードチェック（ステ
ップＳ１）の初回には電流Ｉｄ検出（Ｓ２）と該電流Ｉ
ｄが設定値５％以下にあるか否かのチェック（Ｓ３）と
を経てインバータ出力電圧即ちＰＷＭ演算部６への指令
電圧Ｖｎに相当するＩｄ−Ｉｓに対するＰＩＤ処理から
求める（Ｓ４）。このとき、カウンタ１７に相当する計
数値Ｃｎは零に保持される。ＰＩＤ処理結果は周波数−
電圧変換（Ｓ５）によって電圧指令Ｖｎを求め、ＰＷＭ
処理を行う（Ｓ６）。FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and shows a flow chart in the case where a software configuration by a microcomputer is used instead of the start control circuits 8 to 17. At the start of starting, the mode is set to mode 0. At the first time of the mode check (step S1), current Id detection (S2)
A check is made as to whether d is equal to or less than the set value 5% (S3), and a PID process is performed on the inverter output voltage, that is, Id-Is corresponding to the command voltage Vn to the PWM operation unit 6 (S4). At this time, the count value Cn corresponding to the counter 17 is held at zero. The PID processing result is frequency-
A voltage command Vn is obtained by voltage conversion (S5), and PWM
Processing is performed (S6).
【００２５】上述までのモード０になる電流制限制御に
おいて、Ｉｄ−Ｉｓが５％以下に低下したとき、計数値
Ｃｎを＋１インクリメント演算し（Ｓ７）、Ｃｎが設定
値５以上か否かをチェックし（Ｓ８）、設定値５に達し
ていないときにはステップＳ４に戻ってＰＩＤ制御を継
続し、設定値５以上になったときにモードをモード０か
らモード１に切換える（Ｓ９）。この後、周波数−電圧
変換を行って（Ｓ１０）、ＰＷＭ処理を行う（Ｓ１
１）。In the current limit control in the mode 0 described above, when Id-Is falls to 5% or less, the count value Cn is incremented by +1 (S7), and it is checked whether or not Cn is equal to or more than the set value 5. If the set value has not been reached (S8), the process returns to step S4 to continue the PID control, and if the set value has become 5 or more, the mode is switched from mode 0 to mode 1 (S9). Thereafter, frequency-voltage conversion is performed (S10), and PWM processing is performed (S1).
1).
【００２６】ステップＳ９でのモード切換えによって、
ステップＳ１でのチェックでモード１のチェック（Ｓ１
２）に入り、Ｖ／ｆ一定制御への移行モード１に入り
（Ｓ１３）、加速か減速かのチェック（Ｓ１４）を行
い、始動時には加速制御になるためＰＷＭ指令電圧Ｖｎ
に演算値ΔＶを１回加える（Ｓ１５）。なお、Ｖ／ｆ一
定制御での減速時にはＶｎからΔＶを減算する（Ｓ１
６）。By the mode switching in step S9,
The mode 1 check (S1
Enter 2), enter transition mode 1 to V / f constant control (S13), check whether acceleration or deceleration (S14), and perform acceleration control at start-up.
Is added once (S15). At the time of deceleration under the constant V / f control, ΔV is subtracted from Vn (S1).
6).
【００２７】このＶｎの演算後、電圧Ｖｎが設定値Ｖｓ
を越えたか否かチェックし（Ｓ１７）、越えていなけれ
ばＶｎと周波数指令ＦSでＰＷＭ処理を行い（Ｓ１
９）、越えたときにモード１からモード２に切換える
（Ｓ１８）。これらＳ１２〜Ｓ１９までの繰り返しでＶ
ｎ≧Ｖｓになったとき、モード１から２への切換えによ
ってステップＳ１２でのチェック時にモード２になるＶ
／ｆ一定制御に入り（Ｓ２０）、Ｖ／ｆ一定制御による
ＰＷＭ処理行い（Ｓ２１）、Ｖ／ｆ一定制御を実行する
（Ｓ２２）。After the calculation of Vn, the voltage Vn becomes equal to the set value Vs.
Check whether exceeds (S17), performs a PWM process with exceeding unless Vn and the frequency command F S (S1
9) When it exceeds, switch from mode 1 to mode 2 (S18). By repeating steps S12 to S19, V
When n.gtoreq.Vs, switching from mode 1 to mode 2 causes mode 2 to be set to mode 2 at the time of checking in step S12.
The / f constant control is entered (S20), PWM processing by the V / f constant control is performed (S21), and the V / f constant control is executed (S22).
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上のとおり、本発明によれば、始動時
に電流制御した電圧制御を行って低周波域での加速を得
る始動制御手段とするため、インバータと同期電動機間
を結ぶケーブル長や同期電動機の取換えによる内部定数
の変化にも過電圧による過励磁や電圧不足による脱調を
無くした適正な始動を行うことができる。As described above, according to the present invention, in order to provide a starting control means for performing current-controlled voltage control at the time of starting to obtain acceleration in a low frequency range, the length of the cable connecting the inverter and the synchronous motor is reduced. Even when the internal constant changes due to replacement of the synchronous motor, proper starting can be performed without overexcitation due to overvoltage or step-out due to insufficient voltage.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す装置構成図、FIG. 1 is an apparatus configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention,
【図２】実施例の始動時タイムチャート、FIG. 2 is a time chart at the time of starting according to the embodiment;
【図３】実施例のフローチャート、FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment;
【図４】従来の始動特性図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a conventional starting characteristic.
２…インバータ本体、４…周波数設定器、５…周波数−
電圧変換器、６…ＰＷＭ演算器、８…定格電流設定器、
９…出力電流・検出器、１０…減算器、１１…リミッタ
回路、１２…比例積分演算器、１３…リミッタ回路、１
４…電流−電圧変換器、１５…切替スイッチ、１６…コ
ンパレータ、１７…カウンタ。2… Inverter body, 4… Frequency setting device, 5… Frequency-
Voltage converter, 6 ... PWM operator, 8 ... Rated current setting device,
9 ... Output current / detector, 10 ... Subtractor, 11 ... Limiter circuit, 12 ... Proportional integration calculator, 13 ... Limiter circuit, 1
4 ... current-voltage converter, 15 ... changeover switch, 16 ... comparator, 17 ... counter.
Claims (1)
低電圧・低周波数から徐々に同期速度まで上昇させ、該
電動機を該同期速度で運転する同期電動機用インバータ
において、 同期電動機の始動時に周波数ｆを低い値に固定し、電動
機電流を零から徐々に一定電流まで上昇させ、電動機電
流を該一定電流に制限した電圧ΔＶを得る電流制限手段
と、 この電流制限手段による制御で電動機電流が前記一定電
流に達したときからタイマで計時する一定時間後に動作
を開始し、前記電流制限手段における電圧ΔＶを初期値
とする電圧Ｖ及び周波数ｆを、同期電動機の負荷角と発
生トルクピークの関係が一定となる電圧Ｖ 0 ，周波数Ｆ 0
に移行するのに必要な電圧Ｖ 1 ，周波数Ｆ 1 まで上昇させ
る移行制御手段と、 この移行制御手段による制御で電圧Ｖ及び周波数ｆが前
記電圧Ｖ 1 ，周波数Ｆ 1 に達したときに該電圧Ｖと周波数
ｆの比を一定にして前記電圧Ｖ 0 ，周波数Ｆ 0 まで上昇さ
せるＶ／ｆ一定制御手段と、 を備えた ことを特徴とする同期電動機用インバータ。1. An applied voltage V and a frequency f to a synchronous motor are
Gradually increase from low voltage / low frequency to synchronous speed,
In inverter synchronous motor to operate the motor at synchronous speed, fixed frequency f to a low value at the start of the synchronous motor, the electric
The motor current is gradually increased from zero to a constant current,
Current limiting means for obtaining a voltage ΔV whose current is limited to the constant current
The motor current is controlled by the current limiting means so that the motor current becomes constant.
Operates after a certain period of time measured by a timer from when the current is reached
Is started, and the voltage ΔV in the current limiting means is set to an initial value.
The voltage V and the frequency f are defined by the load angle of the synchronous motor
Voltage V 0 and frequency F 0 at which the relationship between the raw torque peaks is constant
Voltages V 1 required to migrate to, raised to frequencies F 1
And transition control means that the voltage V and frequency f before the control by the transfer controlling means
When the voltage V 1 and the frequency F 1 are reached, the voltage V and the frequency
f, the voltage V 0 and the frequency F 0 are increased.
Inverter synchronous motor characterized by comprising a V / f constant control means, a to.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3226803A JP2979765B2 (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1991-09-06 | Inverter for synchronous motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3226803A JP2979765B2 (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1991-09-06 | Inverter for synchronous motor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0568386A JPH0568386A (en) | 1993-03-19 |
| JP2979765B2 true JP2979765B2 (en) | 1999-11-15 |
Family
ID=16850856
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3226803A Expired - Lifetime JP2979765B2 (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1991-09-06 | Inverter for synchronous motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2979765B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4495443B2 (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2010-07-07 | 山洋電気株式会社 | Synchronous motor, its rotation control method, and synchronous motor inverter |
| JP5435464B2 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2014-03-05 | 国立大学法人東京工業大学 | Motor starting method |
-
1991
- 1991-09-06 JP JP3226803A patent/JP2979765B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0568386A (en) | 1993-03-19 |
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