JP2971335B2 - Method for producing meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber - Google Patents

Method for producing meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber

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Publication number
JP2971335B2
JP2971335B2 JP20502094A JP20502094A JP2971335B2 JP 2971335 B2 JP2971335 B2 JP 2971335B2 JP 20502094 A JP20502094 A JP 20502094A JP 20502094 A JP20502094 A JP 20502094A JP 2971335 B2 JP2971335 B2 JP 2971335B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
dope
water
meta
weight
aromatic polyamide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP20502094A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0874122A (en
Inventor
博信 久保
亨景 松井
廣 藤江
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Teijin Ltd
Original Assignee
Teijin Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to JP20502094A priority Critical patent/JP2971335B2/en
Publication of JPH0874122A publication Critical patent/JPH0874122A/en
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は改良されたメタ型芳香族
ポリアミド繊維の製造方法に関し、特にドープを凝固浴
中に直接噴射する湿式紡糸(以下、単に湿式紡糸という
ことがある)の曵糸性向上及び延伸性の改良を図り優れ
た生産性を達成するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a process for producing an improved meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber, and more particularly to a spinning process of a wet spinning (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as wet spinning) in which a dope is directly injected into a coagulation bath. It is intended to achieve excellent productivity by improving the stretchability and the stretchability.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】メタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維は、分子骨
格が殆んど芳香族環から構成されているため、優れた耐
熱性と寸法安定性とを有する。この繊維は、産業用途や
耐熱性、防炎性、耐炎性が重視される一般用途に好適で
ある。しかし、メタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維の製糸方法
は必ずしも容易ではない。極性アミド系有機溶媒中で芳
香族ジアミンと芳香族ジカルボン酸クロライドとを反応
させて重合すると、副生物として塩酸が発生するので、
これを無機アルカリで中和して中性の無機塩と水とに変
える必要がある。無機アルカリとしては通常、水酸化カ
ルシウムが用いられ、中和後の無機塩は塩化カルシウム
となる。塩化カルシウムは析出せずに、極性アミド系溶
媒中に溶解しており、かつポリマーの溶解性を改善する
が、反面、湿式紡糸の曵糸性は著しく低下する。通常の
湿式紡糸を行うと断糸し易く、凝固工程で糸中にミクロ
ボイドが多数発生する。また、延伸性も悪く十分な繊維
強度、繊維伸度が得られない。無機アルカリとして酸化
カルシウム、水酸化リチウムなどを用いても状況は変わ
らない。
2. Description of the Related Art A meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber has excellent heat resistance and dimensional stability because its molecular skeleton is mostly composed of aromatic rings. This fiber is suitable for industrial use and general use where heat resistance, flame resistance and flame resistance are important. However, the method of spinning meta-type aromatic polyamide fibers is not always easy. When aromatic diamine and aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride are reacted and polymerized in a polar amide organic solvent, hydrochloric acid is generated as a by-product,
It is necessary to neutralize this with an inorganic alkali to convert it into a neutral inorganic salt and water. Normally, calcium hydroxide is used as the inorganic alkali, and the inorganic salt after neutralization is calcium chloride. Calcium chloride does not precipitate and is dissolved in the polar amide solvent and improves the solubility of the polymer, but on the other hand, the spinnability of wet spinning is significantly reduced. When ordinary wet spinning is performed, the yarn is easily broken, and many microvoids are generated in the yarn during the coagulation process. In addition, drawability is poor, and sufficient fiber strength and fiber elongation cannot be obtained. The situation does not change even if calcium oxide, lithium hydroxide, or the like is used as the inorganic alkali.

【0003】従って、曵糸性向上のため従来より種々の
対策が提案されている。例えば、特開昭51−564号
公報にはポリアルキレングリコールを主成分とする特殊
な凝固浴を使用する方法が提案されているが、この方法
のみでは凝固速度が遅く、製糸速度を上げることができ
ない。また、特公昭44−11168号公報には、湿式
紡糸の代わりに乾式紡糸を用いる方法が記載されている
が、乾式紡糸は設備費が高価になるうえ、多数のフィラ
メントを紡糸するのが技術的に難しい。
[0003] Therefore, various measures have conventionally been proposed for improving the spinnability. For example, Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 51-564 proposes a method using a special coagulation bath containing a polyalkylene glycol as a main component. Can not. Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-11168 discloses a method in which dry spinning is used instead of wet spinning. Dry spinning requires high equipment costs, and it is technically necessary to spin many filaments. Difficult.

【0004】メタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維の湿式紡糸が
難しいのは、凝固剤が糸中に侵入するとミクロボイドが
生成して糸が失透し脆化するためである。ドープ中に塩
化カルシウム等の中和塩が多いほど失透と脆化が促進さ
れる。凝固剤として水を使うとこの傾向が激しい。従来
は、この水の侵入を遅らせるために凝固液に無機塩を投
入したりその他色々な工夫がされたが成功していない。
我々は、メタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維の製糸原理を鋭意
検討した結果、水を避けるという発想を逆転して、予め
ドープ中に大量の水を含ませることにより、曵糸性、延
伸性および繊維物性が著しく改善されることを見出し本
発明に到達した。
[0004] The wet spinning of meta-type aromatic polyamide fibers is difficult because when a coagulant enters the yarn, microvoids are formed and the yarn is devitrified and becomes brittle. The more the neutralization salt such as calcium chloride is in the dope, the more devitrification and embrittlement are promoted. This tendency is severe when water is used as a coagulant. Heretofore, in order to delay the invasion of water, an inorganic salt has been added to the coagulation liquid or various other measures have been taken, but these have not been successful.
As a result of diligent studies on the principle of spinning of the meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber, the idea of avoiding water was reversed, and by adding a large amount of water to the dope in advance, the spinning properties, stretchability and fiber properties were improved. Was found to be significantly improved, and the present invention was reached.

【0005】[0005]

【発明の目的】本発明の目的は、極性アミド系溶媒にて
重合され中和処理されたメタ型芳香族ポリアミドの溶液
(ドープ)を、そのまま凝固浴中に直接噴射する湿式紡
糸により容易に繊維化させ、かつ優れた物性を付与する
ための製造方法を提供することにある。特に、凝固浴と
して最も一般的な水系凝固浴にて優れた曵糸性を得、ひ
いては優れた延伸性を達成することにある。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method in which a solution (dope) of a meta-type aromatic polyamide polymerized in a polar amide-based solvent and neutralized is directly sprayed directly into a coagulation bath by wet spinning. It is an object of the present invention to provide a production method for making the composition and imparting excellent physical properties. In particular, an object of the present invention is to obtain excellent spinnability in an aqueous coagulation bath, which is the most common coagulation bath, and to achieve excellent stretchability.

【0006】[0006]

【発明の構成】本発明は、「(請求項1) 芳香族ジア
ミンと芳香族ジカルボン酸クロライドを極性アミド系溶
媒中で反応させて得られたポリマー溶液に、無機アルカ
リを添加し中和して作成したドープに含まれるポリマー
の濃度が10〜17重量%、かつ、ドープ中の水分率が
該ポリマー対比30〜80重量%となるように調整し、
該ドープを凝固浴中に直接噴射して湿式紡糸し、ついで
水洗と延伸倍率3倍以上の延伸を行うことを特徴とする
メタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維の製造方法。 (請求項2) メタ型芳香族ポリアミドの繰返し単位の
85モル%以上がメタフェニレニソフタルアミド単位で
ある請求項1のメタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維の製造方
法。 (請求項3) ドープ中のポリマー濃度が12〜15重
量%である請求項1のメタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維の製
造方法。」である。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to "(Claim 1) An inorganic alkali is added to a polymer solution obtained by reacting an aromatic diamine and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride in a polar amide solvent to neutralize the polymer solution. The concentration of the polymer contained in the prepared dope is adjusted to 10 to 17% by weight, and the water content in the dope is adjusted to 30 to 80% by weight relative to the polymer.
A method for producing a meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber, wherein the dope is directly sprayed into a coagulation bath to perform wet spinning, followed by washing with water and drawing at a draw ratio of 3 times or more. (Claim 2) The method for producing a meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber according to claim 1, wherein 85 mol% or more of the repeating units of the meta-type aromatic polyamide are meta-phenylenisophthalamide units. (Claim 3) The method for producing a meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polymer concentration in the dope is 12 to 15% by weight. ".

【0007】以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。本
発明のメタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維は、実質的にメタフ
ェニレンイソフタルアミド繰返し単位からなるポリメタ
フェニレンイソフタルアミド繊維である。ここで実質的
にとは、15モル%未満の第3成分が含まれた共重合体
であっても、また、メタ型芳香族ポリアミドに不活性な
顔料や難撚剤等が10重量%未満含まれていてもよいこ
とをいう。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber of the present invention is a polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber consisting essentially of metaphenylene isophthalamide repeating units. Here, “substantially” refers to a copolymer containing less than 15 mol% of the third component, or less than 10% by weight of an inert pigment or a twist-inhibiting agent for the meta-type aromatic polyamide. It means that it may be included.

【0008】本発明に使用する主原料は、芳香族ジアミ
ンとしてメタフェニレンジアミン、芳香族ジカルボン酸
クロライドとしてイソフタル酸クロライドであり、これ
らを極性アミド系溶媒に溶解して反応させて、ポリメタ
フェニレンイソフタルアミドを得る。重合度としては極
限粘度[η]が1.0〜2.5、特に、繊維用には1.
3〜2.2が好ましい。
The main raw materials used in the present invention are metaphenylenediamine as an aromatic diamine and isophthalic acid chloride as an aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride. These are dissolved in a polar amide-based solvent and reacted to obtain polymetaphenylene isophthalate. Obtain the amide. As the degree of polymerization, the intrinsic viscosity [η] is 1.0 to 2.5.
3-2.2 is preferred.

【0009】重合で発生した塩酸を中和するための無機
アルカリは、水酸化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、水酸
化リチウムが好ましい。無機アルカリは固体微粉末のま
まで添加しても良いが、重合時に使用する極性アミド系
溶媒にスラリー化して添加する方が均一な中和が可能と
なる。水酸化カルシウムを用いるとポリマーに対して塩
化カルシウムが46.6重量%、水が15.1重量%発
生する。従って本発明の条件を満たすためには、更に水
を添加する必要がある。ドープに水を添加する場合、水
を急速に付与すると溶解しているポリマーがゲル化する
ので、少量ずつ徐々に加えるか、或いは、重合時に使用
した溶媒と水との混合物を加えるのが好ましい。この操
作によってドープ中の水をポリマーに対して30〜80
重量%に調整する。水の効果は、ドープの可塑性、特に
紡糸孔を出た直後の凝固浴中におけるドラフトに対する
変形性を向上させ、また、凝固浴側から水が侵入した際
に水と溶媒の急激な濃度変化を緩和することにより、ミ
クロボイドの発生を抑制するものと思われる。水が、3
0重量%未満では、この効果が不十分であり、紡糸時の
単糸切れやミクロボイドによる失透が改善されない。水
が80重量%を越えるとドープ自身の安定性が低下しゲ
ル化が起こり紡糸できなくなる。
The inorganic alkali for neutralizing hydrochloric acid generated by polymerization is preferably calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide or lithium hydroxide. The inorganic alkali may be added as it is as a solid fine powder, but uniform neutralization can be achieved by slurrying it in a polar amide solvent used during polymerization. When calcium hydroxide is used, 46.6% by weight of calcium chloride and 15.1% by weight of water are generated with respect to the polymer. Therefore, in order to satisfy the conditions of the present invention, it is necessary to further add water. When water is added to the dope, if the water is rapidly added, the dissolved polymer gels. Therefore, it is preferable to gradually add the dope little by little, or to add a mixture of the solvent used in the polymerization and water. By this operation, the water in the dope is added to the polymer by 30 to 80.
Adjust to weight%. The effect of water improves the plasticity of the dope, especially the deformability to drafts in the coagulation bath immediately after leaving the spinning hole, and also causes a rapid change in the concentration of water and solvent when water enters from the coagulation bath side. It is thought that the relaxation reduces the generation of microvoids. Water is 3
If the content is less than 0% by weight, this effect is insufficient, and breakage of single yarn during spinning and devitrification due to microvoids are not improved. If the amount of water exceeds 80% by weight, the stability of the dope itself decreases, gelation occurs, and spinning becomes impossible.

【0010】ドープ中のポリマー濃度も重要である。一
般のメタ型芳香族ポリアミドの紡糸の場合、ポリマー濃
度は18重量%以上で好適な曵糸性が得られるが、本発
明においては、ポリマー濃度はこれよりも低くしなけれ
ばならない。これは、前記水分率とポリマー濃度の相互
作用により、好適な紡糸領域が従来の常識とはかけ離れ
たところに変化したためと思われる。ポリマー濃度が1
7重量%を越えると水系凝固浴での曵糸性が著しく低下
する。逆に、ポリマー濃度が10重量%未満になるとド
ープの粘度が低くなり過ぎて紡出糸が互いに接触して単
糸切れや密着が発生する。とりわけ、12〜15重量%
のポリマー濃度範囲が好適である。
[0010] The polymer concentration in the dope is also important. In the case of spinning a general meta-type aromatic polyamide, a suitable spinning property is obtained at a polymer concentration of 18% by weight or more, but in the present invention, the polymer concentration must be lower than this. This is presumably because the interaction between the water content and the polymer concentration changed the preferred spinning region to a point far from conventional common sense. Polymer concentration of 1
If it exceeds 7% by weight, the spinnability in an aqueous coagulation bath is significantly reduced. Conversely, if the polymer concentration is less than 10% by weight, the viscosity of the dope becomes too low, and the spun yarns come into contact with each other to cause breakage of single yarn and adhesion. In particular, 12-15% by weight
Is preferred.

【0011】本発明の重合時に使用する極性アミド系溶
媒は、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(以下NMPと略
す)またはジメチルアセトアミド(以下DMACと略
す)等の良溶媒が好適である。
The polar amide solvent used in the polymerization of the present invention is preferably a good solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (hereinafter abbreviated as NMP) or dimethylacetamide (hereinafter abbreviated as DMAC).

【0012】本発明は、水系凝固浴において著しい効果
が発揮できる。メタ型芳香族ポリアミドを水系凝固浴に
紡糸すると、溶媒と水との交換が急速に行われるため、
ミクロボイドが発生して製糸性が低下し糸が劣化しやす
いが、本発明の方法で紡糸すると著しく製糸性並びに繊
維物性が改善される。水系凝固浴に、塩素系無機塩、例
えば塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化リチウ
ム、塩化亜鉛、塩化アルミニウム、塩化錫、塩化鉄、塩
化ナトリウム、または、硝酸塩、例えば硝酸アルミニウ
ム、硝酸カルシウム、硝酸亜鉛、またはロダン塩等を混
合すると糸中への水の侵入を更に遅らせることができ、
本発明の効果が最大限に発揮できる。
The present invention can exert a remarkable effect in an aqueous coagulation bath. When the meta-type aromatic polyamide is spun into an aqueous coagulation bath, the exchange of solvent and water is performed rapidly,
Although microvoids are generated and the yarn formability is reduced and the yarn is liable to deteriorate, spinning by the method of the present invention significantly improves the yarn formability and fiber properties. In an aqueous coagulation bath, chlorinated inorganic salts, such as calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, lithium chloride, zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, tin chloride, iron chloride, sodium chloride, or nitrates, such as aluminum nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate, or Mixing rodin salt etc. can further delay the penetration of water into the yarn,
The effects of the present invention can be maximized.

【0013】本発明の効果は、主成分がポリアルキレン
グリコールからなる凝固浴においても得られる。ポリア
ルキレングリコール自身は凝固能力が小さいが、本発明
に規定したポリマー濃度と水分率の範囲で湿式紡糸する
と紡速の高いところでも十分な製糸性が得られる。本発
明に使用するポリアルキレングリコールは、実質的に、
ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール或
いはこれらの共重合物または混合物である。15重量%
以下の第3成分が共重合されたり、混合されていてもよ
い。
The effect of the present invention can be obtained even in a coagulation bath whose main component is polyalkylene glycol. Although polyalkylene glycol itself has a low coagulation ability, wet spinning within the range of the polymer concentration and the water content specified in the present invention can provide sufficient spinnability even at a high spinning speed. The polyalkylene glycol used in the present invention is substantially
Polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, or a copolymer or mixture thereof. 15% by weight
The following third components may be copolymerized or mixed.

【0014】本発明において、ドープが紡糸された後、
糸中に含まれる溶媒濃度がポリマー対比200重量%以
下になるまで凝固させる。溶媒濃度が200重量%を越
えると糸が軟弱で水洗での取り扱いが困難となり、また
失透も起こりやすくなる。ついで、水洗と延伸を行う。
水洗によって、糸中に含まれる溶媒がほぼ完全に除去さ
れてから延伸してもよいし、水洗の途上で延伸が部分的
に同時並行してもよい。延伸は水洗の途上または水洗さ
れた糸が湿潤している間に2倍以上延伸する。この糸を
乾燥し、加熱下で定長熱処理するか更に延伸すると、工
程調子もよく物性の優れた繊維に仕上げることができ
る。全倍延伸率は、3倍以上必要である。延伸倍率が3
倍未満では、4g/de以上の繊維強度が得難い。本発
明においては、3.5から5倍程度が好ましい。
In the present invention, after the dope is spun,
Coagulation is performed until the concentration of the solvent contained in the yarn becomes 200% by weight or less relative to the polymer. If the solvent concentration exceeds 200% by weight, the yarn is soft and difficult to handle by washing with water, and devitrification tends to occur. Next, washing and stretching are performed.
Stretching may be performed after the solvent contained in the yarn is almost completely removed by washing with water, or stretching may be partially simultaneously performed in the course of washing with water. The drawing is performed twice or more during the washing or while the washed yarn is wet. If this yarn is dried and subjected to a constant length heat treatment under heating or further stretched, it can be finished into a fiber having good process conditions and excellent physical properties. The total draw ratio is required to be 3 times or more. Stretch ratio is 3
If it is less than twice, it is difficult to obtain a fiber strength of 4 g / de or more. In the present invention, the ratio is preferably about 3.5 to 5 times.

【0015】本発明に用いる紡糸装置は、公知の湿式紡
糸に使用されているもので差し支えない。紡糸孔数は1
0〜1000個のフィラメントタイプでもよいし、また
紡糸孔数が1000〜30000個のスフタイプでもよ
い。紡糸孔径は0.05〜0.2mmが一般に用いられ
る。紡糸速度は5〜50m/分が製糸調子が安定であ
る。流動式凝固浴に依って凝固糸を加速すれば更に高い
紡糸速度も可能となる。延伸設備は、60〜99℃の温
水延伸バスと、温水延伸の後に更に定長熱処理または乾
熱延伸を行うための熱板、加熱ロール或いは非接触式ヒ
ーターを用いる。これらの加熱温度は250〜400℃
である。
The spinning apparatus used in the present invention may be the one used for known wet spinning. Number of spinning holes is 1
It may be a filament type having 0 to 1000 filaments or a suffering type having 1,000 to 30,000 spinning holes. A spinning hole diameter of 0.05 to 0.2 mm is generally used. The spinning speed is 5 to 50 m / min, and the spinning condition is stable. Even higher spinning speeds are possible if the coagulated yarn is accelerated by a fluidized coagulation bath. The stretching equipment uses a hot water stretching bath at 60 to 99 ° C., and a hot plate, a heating roll or a non-contact heater for performing a constant-length heat treatment or a dry heat stretching after the hot water stretching. These heating temperatures are 250-400 ° C
It is.

【0016】[0016]

【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、メタ型芳
香族ポリアミドのドープ濃度を従来より低くし、更に水
を添加調整して、水系凝固浴またはポリアルキレングリ
コール系凝固浴に紡糸し、水洗と適正な延伸を行うこと
により、今まで得られなかった優れた工程調子の下で、
優れた物性を有するメタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維を得る
ことができる。
As described above, according to the present invention, the dope concentration of the meta-type aromatic polyamide is made lower than before, and water is added and adjusted, and the mixture is spun into an aqueous coagulation bath or a polyalkylene glycol coagulation bath. By performing washing with water and proper stretching, under the excellent process condition that could not be obtained until now,
A meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber having excellent physical properties can be obtained.

【0017】[0017]

【実施例】本発明を以下実施例にて詳細に記述する。実
施例に示される各特性値は、以下の方法で測定した。
The present invention will be described in detail in the following examples. Each characteristic value shown in the examples was measured by the following method.

【0018】<極限粘度[η]> ポリマーあるいは繊維を97重量%濃硫酸に溶解して、
30℃で測定した粘度から求めた。
<Intrinsic viscosity [η]> A polymer or fiber is dissolved in 97% by weight of concentrated sulfuric acid.
It was determined from the viscosity measured at 30 ° C.

【0019】<ポリマー濃度> ドープ中に含まれるポリマー純分をドープ全体に対する
重量%にて表す。ポリマー純分は化学量論的に正確に計
算できるし、ドープの薄膜を水にて凝固させ完全に水洗
した後、乾燥し重量を計量することにより測定すること
もできる。
<Polymer Concentration> The polymer content contained in the dope is represented by% by weight based on the whole dope. The polymer pure content can be accurately calculated stoichiometrically, or can be measured by coagulating a dope thin film with water, thoroughly washing with water, drying and weighing.

【0020】<水分率> ドープ中に含まれる水分量をポリマーに対する重量%で
表す。
<Moisture content> The amount of moisture contained in the dope is represented by% by weight based on the polymer.

【0021】<強度、伸度> 繊維の強度、伸度はJIS−1074に準拠し、サンプ
ル長2cm、伸長速度2cm/分で測定した。
<Strength and Elongation> The fiber strength and elongation were measured at a sample length of 2 cm and an elongation speed of 2 cm / min in accordance with JIS-1074.

【0022】[実施例1〜3、比較例1〜4] 撹拌機、窒素導入口、塩化カルシウムの乾燥管を装着し
たセパラブルフラスコ内へメタフェニレンジアミン(M
PDA)を129.8部投入し、次いでNMPを100
0部加えて撹拌しながらMPDAを溶解した。MPDA
を溶解した後も撹拌を継続し、該溶液をドライアイス/
アセトンの冷媒にて−20℃まで冷却した。この溶液に
イソフタル酸クロライド(IPC)の粉末243.6部
を添加した。フラスコ内の温度が10℃を越えないよう
に添加速度を調整しながら徐々にIPCを添加した。I
PCを全量投入した後、反応液温度を50℃に上げ、1
時間反応を継続し、粘稠なポリメタフェニレンイソフタ
ルアミド(PMIA)溶液を得た。副生した塩酸を中和
するために、NMP中に水酸化カルシウム微粒子を30
%含有したスラリーを添加した後に、水とNMPを種々
の混合比で混合した溶液を徐々に加えて、種々のポリマ
ー濃度および水分率を有するドープを作成した。これら
のドープを85℃に加温し、孔径0.06mm、孔数2
00の紡糸口金から凝固浴中に直接噴射して湿式紡糸し
た。凝固浴の組成は、塩化カルシウムが40重量%、N
MPが5重量%、残りの水は55重量%であり、凝固浴
温度は98℃であった。糸条は凝固浴中を約100cm
走行させ10m/分の速度で引き出した。該糸条を水洗
し、85℃の温水で2.4倍に延伸して200℃のロー
ルで乾燥した後、300℃の熱板上で1.8倍に延伸し
て、400デニール/200フィラメントの延伸糸を得
た。全延伸倍率は4.32であった。これらの結果を表
1にまとめて記載する。
Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 Metaphenylenediamine (M) was placed in a separable flask equipped with a stirrer, nitrogen inlet, and calcium chloride drying tube.
129.8 parts of PDA) and then 100 NMP
MPDA was dissolved while adding 0 parts and stirring. MPDA
The stirring is continued even after dissolving the
It cooled to -20 degreeC with the refrigerant | coolant of acetone. To this solution was added 243.6 parts of powder of isophthalic acid chloride (IPC). IPC was gradually added while adjusting the addition rate so that the temperature in the flask did not exceed 10 ° C. I
After the entire amount of PC was charged, the temperature of the reaction solution was raised to 50 ° C.
The reaction was continued for an hour to obtain a viscous polymetaphenylene isophthalamide (PMIA) solution. In order to neutralize hydrochloric acid by-produced, 30 fine calcium hydroxide particles were added to NMP.
%, A solution in which water and NMP were mixed at various mixing ratios was gradually added to prepare dopes having various polymer concentrations and moisture contents. These dopes were heated to 85 ° C., and had a pore diameter of 0.06 mm and a pore number of 2
Wet spinning was performed by direct injection from a spinneret No. 00 into a coagulation bath. The composition of the coagulation bath is 40% by weight of calcium chloride, N
The MP was 5% by weight, the remaining water was 55% by weight, and the coagulation bath temperature was 98 ° C. The yarn is about 100cm in the coagulation bath
It was run and pulled out at a speed of 10 m / min. The yarn was washed with water, stretched 2.4 times with hot water at 85 ° C., dried with a roll at 200 ° C., and then stretched 1.8 times on a hot plate at 300 ° C. to obtain 400 denier / 200 filaments. Was obtained. The total stretching ratio was 4.32. The results are summarized in Table 1.

【0023】比較例1は、ドープのポリマー濃度が9重
量%と低すぎるため粘度が低く、凝固浴内で糸条が弛ん
で正常に走行しなかった。得られた延伸糸の強度も低く
使用に耐えないものであった。濃度が12重量%まで濃
くなると、実施例1に示すように凝固浴中での走行状態
が正常になり紡糸・延伸調子共に良好で5g/de以上
の強度が得られた。実施例3は、ポリマー濃度14重量
%、ドープ中の水分率がポリマー対比50重量%の場合
であるが、紡糸・延伸調子は本表の中で最も良好であっ
た。ポリマー濃度が適正であっても水分率が27重量%
まで低くなると、比較例2に示すように紡糸時の単糸切
れが散発し工程調子が不良となった。逆に、比較例3に
示すように水分率が90重量%まで増えると、ドープが
ゲル化し易くなり長期の保存が不可能となった。ポリマ
ー濃度が17重量%を越えると、比較例4に示すように
ドープが粘稠になり過ぎたためか紡糸時の断糸が多く発
生した。ポリマー濃度およびドープ中水分率の影響につ
いても表1に示した。
In Comparative Example 1, the viscosity was low because the polymer concentration of the dope was too low at 9% by weight, and the yarn was slackened in the coagulation bath and did not run normally. The strength of the obtained drawn yarn was too low to be used. When the concentration was increased to 12% by weight, as shown in Example 1, the running state in the coagulation bath became normal, the spinning and drawing conditions were good, and a strength of 5 g / de or more was obtained. Example 3 was a case where the polymer concentration was 14% by weight and the water content in the dope was 50% by weight relative to the polymer, and the spinning / drawing condition was the best in the table. Even if the polymer concentration is appropriate, the water content is 27% by weight.
When it was lowered to a lower value, as shown in Comparative Example 2, breakage of single yarn during spinning occurred sporadically, resulting in poor process condition. Conversely, as shown in Comparative Example 3, when the water content was increased to 90% by weight, the dope was easily gelled, and long-term storage became impossible. When the polymer concentration was more than 17% by weight, as shown in Comparative Example 4, the dope became too viscous, and many yarn breaks occurred during spinning. Table 1 also shows the effects of the polymer concentration and the water content in the dope.

【0024】[0024]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0025】[実施例4〜6、比較例5] 前記実施例3と同じドープを用いて、今度は温水延伸倍
率および熱板延伸倍率を変えて延伸糸の物性の変化を調
べた。検討結果(実施例4)を表2に示す。比較例5
は、糸条を水洗したのち、温水中で2.7倍に延伸し、
熱板上で300℃で1.1倍に延伸した例であるが、得
られた延伸糸の強度は低く利用価値のない繊維となっ
た。温水中での延伸倍率を3.4に上げ熱板上で1.1
倍に延伸すると、実施例5に示すように実用上の問題の
ない延伸糸が得られた。実施例6は、温水中で2.7倍
に延伸した後、熱板上で1.8倍に延伸し全延伸倍率を
4.86にした例であるが、強度が6g/deを越える
高強度繊維が得られた。ここで、延伸倍率の影響(ポリ
マー濃度14重量%、水分率50%、温水85℃、熱板
300℃)について表2に示した。
[Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 5] Using the same dope as in Example 3, changes in the physical properties of the drawn yarn were examined by changing the hot water draw ratio and the hot plate draw ratio. Table 2 shows the results of the study (Example 4). Comparative Example 5
After washing the yarn with water, stretch 2.7 times in warm water,
In this example, the stretched yarn was stretched 1.1 times at 300 ° C. on a hot plate, but the strength of the obtained drawn yarn was low and the fiber became useless. The draw ratio in warm water was increased to 3.4 and 1.1 on a hot plate.
When drawn twice, a drawn yarn having no practical problem was obtained as shown in Example 5. Example 6 is an example in which after stretching 2.7 times in warm water, stretching 1.8 times on a hot plate to make the total stretching ratio 4.86, but the strength exceeds 6 g / de. A strength fiber was obtained. Table 2 shows the effect of the draw ratio (polymer concentration 14% by weight, water content 50%, hot water 85 ° C, hot plate 300 ° C).

【0026】[0026]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0027】[実施例7〜10] 前記実施例3と同様にドープを作成し、凝固浴の成分を
変えて製糸実験を行った。その他の紡糸条件は、実施例
3と同様にした。これらの結果を表3に示す。実施例7
は凝固浴として塩化亜鉛水溶液、実施例8は硝酸亜鉛水
溶液、実施例9はロダン塩(Ca(SCN)2)の水溶
液を用いた例であるが、前記実施例3と同様に紡糸延伸
を行って良好な糸質と工程調子が得られた。実施例10
は、純度98%以上のポリエチレングリコールを凝固浴
として使用した例であるが、凝固速度は比較的遅いもの
の良好な繊維物性が得られた。ここで、凝固浴組成と糸
物性、工程調子との関係について表3に示した。
[Examples 7 to 10] A dope was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 above, and a spinning experiment was performed by changing the components of the coagulation bath. Other spinning conditions were the same as in Example 3. Table 3 shows the results. Example 7
Is an example using an aqueous solution of zinc chloride as a coagulation bath, Example 8 is an example using an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate, and Example 9 is an example using an aqueous solution of a rhodanate (Ca (SCN) 2 ). And good yarn quality and process condition were obtained. Example 10
Is an example in which polyethylene glycol having a purity of 98% or more was used as a coagulation bath. However, although the coagulation rate was relatively slow, good fiber properties were obtained. Table 3 shows the relationship between the composition of the coagulating bath, the physical properties of the yarn, and the process condition.

【0028】[0028]

【表3】 [Table 3]

【0029】[実施例11] 前記実施例2と同様にポリマー濃度12%のドープを作
成した。このドープを30℃で供給し、孔径0.05m
mの紡糸孔から、温度5℃、NMP濃度2%の水溶液の
第1凝固浴中に押し出し3秒間浸漬した後、温度95
℃、濃度42%の塩化カルシウム水溶液の第2凝固浴に
移行して凝固を完了させて20m/分の速度で引き上げ
た。次いで、5℃の冷水で水洗した後85℃の熱水で
2.8倍に延伸し、350℃の熱板上で1.8倍に延伸
した。工程調子は良好で、強度4.7g/de、伸度6
2%の延伸糸が得られた。
Example 11 A dope having a polymer concentration of 12% was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2. This dope is supplied at 30 ° C. and has a pore size of 0.05 m.
m, and immersed in a first coagulation bath of an aqueous solution having an NMP concentration of 2% at a temperature of 5 ° C. for 3 seconds, and then heated to a temperature of 95 ° C.
The mixture was transferred to a second coagulation bath of an aqueous solution of calcium chloride having a concentration of 42% and a coagulation was completed, and the coagulation was lifted at a speed of 20 m / min. Next, the film was washed with cold water at 5 ° C, stretched 2.8 times with hot water at 85 ° C, and stretched 1.8 times on a hot plate at 350 ° C. Good process condition, strength 4.7g / de, elongation 6
2% of the drawn yarn was obtained.

【0030】[実施例12] 前記実施例1と同様、撹拌機、窒素導入口、塩化カルシ
ウムの乾燥管を装着したセパラブルフラスコ内へMPD
Aを129.8部投入し、次いで、今回はDMACを1
000部加えて撹拌しながらMPDAを溶解した。MP
DAを溶解した後も撹拌を継続し、該溶液をドライアイ
ス/アセトンの冷媒にて−20℃まで冷却した。この溶
液にIPCの粉末243.6部を添加した。フラスコ内
の温度が10℃を越えないように添加速度を調整しなが
ら徐々にIPCを添加した。IPCを全量投入した後、
反応液温度を50℃に加熱し、1時間反応を継続し、粘
稠なポリメタフェニレンイソフタルアミド(PMIA)
溶液を得た。副生した塩酸を中和するために、DMAC
中に水酸化カルシウム微粒子を30%含有したスラリー
を添加した後に、水とDMACとを混合した溶液を徐々
に加えて、ポリマー濃度16%および水分率50%のド
ープを作成した。
Example 12 As in Example 1, MPD was placed in a separable flask equipped with a stirrer, nitrogen inlet, and calcium chloride drying tube.
129.8 parts of A, then this time DMAC 1
000 parts were added and the MPDA was dissolved with stirring. MP
Stirring was continued even after DA was dissolved, and the solution was cooled to -20 ° C with a dry ice / acetone refrigerant. To this solution was added 243.6 parts of IPC powder. IPC was gradually added while adjusting the addition rate so that the temperature in the flask did not exceed 10 ° C. After the total amount of IPC is charged,
The temperature of the reaction solution was heated to 50 ° C., the reaction was continued for 1 hour, and viscous polymetaphenylene isophthalamide (PMIA)
A solution was obtained. DMAC to neutralize the by-product hydrochloric acid
After adding a slurry containing 30% of calcium hydroxide fine particles therein, a mixed solution of water and DMAC was gradually added to prepare a dope having a polymer concentration of 16% and a water content of 50%.

【0031】このドープを85℃に加温し、孔径0.0
6mm、孔数200の紡糸口金から凝固浴中に直接噴射
して湿式紡糸した。凝固浴の組成は、塩化カルシウムが
40重量%、DMACが5重量%、残りの水は55重量
%であり、該凝固浴の温度は98℃であった。糸条は凝
固浴中を約100cm走行させ10m/分の速度で引き
出した。該糸条を水洗し、85℃の温水で2.4倍に延
伸したのち200℃のロールで乾燥し、ついで、300
度の熱板上で1.8倍に延伸して400de/200フ
ィラメントの延伸糸を得た。全延伸倍率は4.32であ
った。工程調子は問題なく、延伸糸の物性も良好で強度
は5.2g/de、伸度は58%であった。
The dope was heated to 85 ° C.
Wet spinning was performed by directly spraying a 6 mm, 200 hole spinneret into a coagulation bath. The composition of the coagulation bath was 40% by weight of calcium chloride, 5% by weight of DMAC, 55% by weight of the remaining water, and the temperature of the coagulation bath was 98 ° C. The yarn was run about 100 cm in a coagulation bath and pulled out at a speed of 10 m / min. The yarn was washed with water, stretched 2.4 times with hot water of 85 ° C., and then dried with a roll of 200 ° C.
It was stretched 1.8 times on a hot plate to obtain a 400de / 200 filament drawn yarn. The total stretching ratio was 4.32. The process condition was satisfactory, the physical properties of the drawn yarn were good, the strength was 5.2 g / de, and the elongation was 58%.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平6−17310(JP,A) 特開 昭49−93611(JP,A) 特開 昭51−564(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) D01F 6/60 371 C08G 68/32 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── (5) References JP-A-6-17310 (JP, A) JP-A-49-93611 (JP, A) JP-A-51-564 (JP, A) (58) Survey Field (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) D01F 6/60 371 C08G 68/32

Claims (3)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 芳香族ジアミンと芳香族ジカルボン酸ク
ロライドを極性アミド系溶媒中で反応させて得られたポ
リマー溶液に、無機アルカリを添加し中和して作成した
ドープに含まれるポリマーの濃度が10〜17重量%、
かつ、ドープ中の水分率が該ポリマー対比30〜80重
量%となるように調整し、該ドープを凝固浴中に直接噴
射して湿式紡糸し、ついで水洗と延伸倍率3倍以上の延
伸を行うことを特徴とするメタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維
の製造方法。
1. A polymer solution obtained by reacting an aromatic diamine and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride in a polar amide-based solvent is added with an inorganic alkali to neutralize the polymer solution. 10-17% by weight,
The dope is adjusted so that the water content in the dope is 30 to 80% by weight relative to the polymer, and the dope is directly sprayed into a coagulation bath to perform wet spinning, followed by washing with water and drawing at a draw ratio of 3 times or more. A method for producing a meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber, comprising:
【請求項2】 メタ型芳香族ポリアミドの繰返し単位の
85モル%以上がメタフェニレニソフタルアミド単位で
ある請求項1のメタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維の製造方
法。
2. The method for producing a meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber according to claim 1, wherein 85 mol% or more of the repeating units of the meta-type aromatic polyamide are meta-phenylenisophthalamide units.
【請求項3】 ドープ中のポリマー濃度が12〜15重
量%である請求項1のメタ型芳香族ポリアミド繊維の製
造方法。
3. The method for producing a meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polymer concentration in the dope is 12 to 15% by weight.
JP20502094A 1994-08-30 1994-08-30 Method for producing meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber Expired - Fee Related JP2971335B2 (en)

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JP2971335B2 true JP2971335B2 (en) 1999-11-02

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KR100531989B1 (en) 1999-10-21 2005-11-30 데이진 가부시키가이샤 Process for producing meta-aromatic polyamide fiber
CA2369681C (en) * 2000-02-16 2006-03-28 Teijin Limited Meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide filaments and process for producing same
CN100455706C (en) * 2006-11-17 2009-01-28 钟洲 Prepn process of poly (m-phenylene isophthalmide) spinning dope
JP6632111B2 (en) * 2014-12-19 2020-01-15 東レ・デュポン株式会社 Aramid fiber provided with a wetting agent and aramid fiber dyed therefrom
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