JP2943099B2 - Organic mixed fertilizer - Google Patents

Organic mixed fertilizer

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Publication number
JP2943099B2
JP2943099B2 JP8081569A JP8156996A JP2943099B2 JP 2943099 B2 JP2943099 B2 JP 2943099B2 JP 8081569 A JP8081569 A JP 8081569A JP 8156996 A JP8156996 A JP 8156996A JP 2943099 B2 JP2943099 B2 JP 2943099B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
mixed
fertilizer
organic
soil
iron oxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP8081569A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH09268093A (en
Inventor
照章 古森
月夫 井
彬 井
清 井
孝芳 溝口
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EFUI SETSUKAI KOGYOSHO KK
Original Assignee
EFUI SETSUKAI KOGYOSHO KK
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EFUI SETSUKAI KOGYOSHO KK filed Critical EFUI SETSUKAI KOGYOSHO KK
Priority to JP8081569A priority Critical patent/JP2943099B2/en
Publication of JPH09268093A publication Critical patent/JPH09268093A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2943099B2 publication Critical patent/JP2943099B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28016—Particle form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/2803—Sorbents comprising a binder, e.g. for forming aggregated, agglomerated or granulated products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/602—Oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は下水汚泥等を処理し
て得た有機肥料に酸化鉄粉を混合して造粒した植物栄養
補給剤や土壌改良剤として優れる混合肥料に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mixed fertilizer which is excellent as a plant nutrient supplement or a soil conditioner obtained by mixing an organic fertilizer obtained by treating sewage sludge or the like with iron oxide powder and granulating.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】例えば、下水処理場において通常の汚泥
処理して得られた脱水ケーキを、さらに空気吹き込み等
により窒素と水を補給しながらバクテリアにより発酵さ
せるといういわゆる堆肥化処理を行うことにより有機質
の汚泥肥料が得られ、この汚泥肥料はまた窒素や燐やカ
リウムと共に石灰等をも含み、農作物や緑化草木等植物
を対象とする栄養補給剤であると共に土壌改良剤となる
ことが知られている。2. Description of the Related Art For example, organic matter is obtained by subjecting a dewatered cake obtained by ordinary sludge treatment in a sewage treatment plant to fermentation by bacteria while supplementing nitrogen and water by air blowing or the like, so-called composting treatment. It is known that this sludge fertilizer also contains lime and the like in addition to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and is known as a nutrient supplement and a soil conditioner for plants such as crops and greening plants. I have.

【０００３】一方、車輌の排気ガス等に含まれる硫黄酸
化物及び窒素酸化物は、直接大気を汚染して植物の枝葉
を枯らすと共に、容易に水蒸気と結合する性質をもって
いるため酸性水の形で土壌汚染をもたらすことが知られ
ており、一般に、土壌中の水分のｐＨが５以下となる
と、土壌中の微生物が死滅し、有機物の分解が妨げられ
ると共に植物の根毛が傷められて根腐れを生じる等、本
来土壌が有する緩衝機能のバランスが失われるというこ
とが知られている。[0003] On the other hand, sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides contained in vehicle exhaust gas and the like directly pollute the air to kill the branches and leaves of plants and easily combine with water vapor, so that they are in the form of acidic water. It is known to cause soil pollution. Generally, when the pH of water in the soil becomes 5 or less, microorganisms in the soil are killed, decomposition of organic matter is hindered, and root hair of the plant is damaged and root rot is caused. For example, it is known that the balance of the buffer function inherent in soil is lost.

【０００４】特に、交通の激しい沿道環境においては、
湿度の高い状態で生じる霧、靄、霧雨等の酸性度は非常
に高くなり、ｐＨは２前後までになることがある。この
ような環境になると、沿道緑化草木等は、温度が低下し
た夜間に生じる酸性度の高い夜露を枝葉に受け、これら
の露はまた日中において温度が高められることによりそ
の水分が蒸発して濃縮された酸性度の高い状態をもたら
すので、葉を枯らし、さらに、降雨があれば酸性水が土
壌に浸入し、土壌中の微生物は死滅し、上記の沿道緑化
草木は根毛を傷められ、立ち枯れ等その生育に大きな影
響が現れるようになる。そして、一般に、このような土
壌酸性化対策としては、石灰系無機材による土壌の中和
処理が行われている。[0004] Particularly, in a roadside environment with heavy traffic,
The acidity of fog, haze, drizzle, etc., generated in high humidity conditions can be very high and the pH can be up to around 2. In such an environment, greenery along the roads receives highly acidic night dew on the branches and leaves that occurs during the night when the temperature drops, and these dew also evaporates due to the increase in temperature during the day and the moisture evaporates. It produces a concentrated, highly acidic state, which leaves the leaves withered, and furthermore, if there is rainfall, the acidic water infiltrates the soil, the microorganisms in the soil die, and the above-mentioned roadside greening plants lose root hair and die. Etc. will have a significant effect on their growth. In general, as a countermeasure against such soil acidification, a neutralization treatment of the soil with a lime-based inorganic material is performed.

【０００５】また、沿道環境の土壌に限らず、溜池や湖
沼等においても、大気汚染に基づく酸性雨が流入する結
果、酸性化が進み、池底等の微生物による有機物の分解
が衰え、硫化水素を発生する等、周辺環境において自然
生態系の破壊現象がみられることがあり、石灰系無機材
による中和処理が行われることがある。[0005] In addition to the soil in roadside environments, acid rain due to air pollution flows into reservoirs, lakes and marshes as well. As a result, acidification progresses, decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms at the bottom of the pond and the like is reduced, and hydrogen sulfide is reduced. In some cases, natural ecosystems may be destroyed in the surrounding environment, and neutralization may be performed with lime-based inorganic materials.

【０００６】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記の
汚泥による有機肥料は、堆肥化の過程で乾燥して粉末状
になっているが、軽量であり、そのままの施肥取扱で
は、飛散あるいは流失するという問題があり、また、飛
散については作業環境上からも好ましくないという問題
があった。さらに、この有機肥料を造粒することも一部
に行われているが、単位容積重量が約０．８５ｋｇ／ｌ
と軽量であり、造粒により飛散は防止できても、水に浮
くので水田に散布した時あるいは降雨があった時など水
による流失は防止できないという問題があった。このた
め、このような有機肥料を使用する場合、わざわざ土と
混ぜて散布するとか、基肥として散布した後、施肥土壌
を耕起するという面倒な全層施肥作業が必要になるとい
う問題があった。However, the above-mentioned organic fertilizer made of sludge is dried and powdered in the process of composting, but is lightweight and scatters or runs off when the fertilizer application is used as it is. There is a problem, and there is a problem that scattering is not preferable from the viewpoint of the working environment. Further, granulation of this organic fertilizer is also partially performed, but the unit volume weight is about 0.85 kg / l.
However, there is a problem that even if the particles can be prevented from being dispersed by granulation, they can be prevented from being lost due to water, such as when sprayed on a paddy field or when there is rain because they float on water. For this reason, when using such an organic fertilizer, there was a problem that it was necessary to perform a troublesome full-layer fertilization operation of plowing the fertilized soil after spraying as a base fertilizer after mixing with the soil. .

【０００７】また、土壌の酸性化対策と同様に、溜池や
湖沼等の水質に対する酸性化対策としても、前記のよう
に石灰系無機剤による中和処理が行われているが、人間
のつくりだす酸性雨は繰り返して降るものであり、この
ような酸性化のために、石灰系無機剤を継続的に多量に
投入するという処理は、微生物による池底の有機物分解
が順調に行われるような自然生態系への回復を却って遅
らせているという問題もあった。In addition to the acidification of soil, neutralization treatment with lime-based inorganic agents is performed as described above for acidification of water in reservoirs, lakes and marshes. Rain is a repetitive phenomenon, and the treatment of continuously adding large amounts of lime-based inorganic agents for such acidification is a natural ecology in which the decomposition of organic matter at the bottom of the pond by microorganisms is performed smoothly. There was also the problem of delaying recovery to the system.

【０００８】他方、水が張られたダムや溜池等の底部に
おいて、酸素の補給が十分でない場合に、酸素を消費し
ながら沈澱有機物を分解する微生物が死滅して硫化水素
が発生するという現象がみられるが、本願出願人は、消
石灰と微粉酸化鉄とを約３：１の割合で混合した鉄石灰
混合材を土質安定材とし、土壌に混合してダムや溜池を
構築した場合、このような水が張られ酸素が十分に供給
されない状態で、ダムや溜池の底部からの硫化水素の発
生が抑えられると共に微生物の死滅が抑止され、水質の
富栄養化が行われると共にヘドロの発生が防止され、自
然生態系の活性化が維持されるとの知見を得ている。On the other hand, when oxygen is not sufficiently supplied at the bottom of a dam or a basin filled with water, a phenomenon in which microorganisms that decompose precipitated organic substances while consuming oxygen are killed and hydrogen sulfide is generated. As can be seen, the applicant of the present application has made such a case when a dam or a pond is constructed by mixing iron lime mixed material obtained by mixing slaked lime and finely divided iron oxide at a ratio of about 3: 1 as a soil stabilizing material and mixing it with soil. In a condition where sufficient water is not supplied and oxygen is not sufficiently supplied, the generation of hydrogen sulfide from the bottom of dams and reservoirs is suppressed, the death of microorganisms is suppressed, the eutrophication of water quality is performed, and the generation of sludge is prevented And that the activation of natural ecosystems is maintained.

【０００９】従って、この発明は、上記の問題に鑑み、
前記溜池等の構築に利用される前記鉄石灰混合材による
土質安定材の土壌改良効果を考察し、水田での使用にお
いても、比較的比重が大きくて水中への沈降性がよく、
植物に対する栄養補給剤や土壌改良剤としても優れた効
果があり、散布時の飛散や水による流失が防止され、取
扱性もよく、酸性雨や沿道緑化草木等の排気ガスによる
土壌及び水質の汚染への対策としても良好であり、しか
も、比較的安価な有機混合肥料を提供することを目的と
するものである。Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems,
Consider the soil improvement effect of the soil stabilizing material by the iron-lime mixture used in the construction of the reservoir, etc., even in use in paddy fields, relatively large specific gravity, good sedimentation in water,
Excellent effect as a nutritional supplement for plants and as a soil conditioner.Prevents splashing during spraying and loss due to water, and has good handleability.Soil and water pollution by exhaust gas such as acid rain and roadside greenery. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic mixed fertilizer which is good as a countermeasure for the organic fertilizer and is relatively inexpensive.

【００１０】[0010]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、下水道処理場からの発生汚泥を堆肥化処
理した有機肥料粉粒体と酸化鉄粉体とを混合して造粒し
たかさ比重が１．５以上であるところの混合造粒体であ
る有機混合肥料を、また、前記酸化鉄粉体は製鉄所の製
鉄工程で発生する製鉄ダストであるところの有機混合肥
料を、さらに、かさ比重の異なる複数種類の前記混合造
粒体を混合したところの有機混合肥料を、そして、前記
混合造粒体は直径３mm以上であるところの有機混合肥料
を提供するものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a method for composting sludge generated from a sewage treatment plant.
The mixed organic fertilizer powder and iron oxide powder are mixed and granulated.
The organic mixture fertilizer height mixed granules where specific gravity of 1.5 or more, and the organic mixture fertilizer where the iron oxide powder is a steel dust generated in steel steelworks processes, Further, the present invention provides an organic mixed fertilizer obtained by mixing a plurality of types of mixed granules having different bulk specific gravities, and an organic mixed fertilizer wherein the mixed granules have a diameter of 3 mm or more.

【００１１】[0011]

【発明の実施の形態】比重が小さくてそのままでは水上
に浮遊する下水道処理場からの発生汚泥を堆肥化処理し
た有機肥料粉粒体と比重の大きい酸化鉄粉体とを混合し
て造粒することにより、水中に沈降可能な有機混合肥料
をつくることができ、また、特にそのかさ比重を１．５
以上とすることにより沈降性のよい有機混合肥料を得る
ことができる。この有機混合肥料は散布にあたって、飛
散することなく、また、水上に浮遊することがなく、降
雨等で流失することがない。またさらに、混合造粒体の
直径を３ｍｍ以上とすることにより、十分に飛散性を抑
えることができる。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Sludge generated from a sewage treatment plant , which has a low specific gravity and floats on water as it is, is composted.
Organic fertilizer granular body and was mixed with a large iron oxide powder of specific gravity by granulation was, able to create a precipitable organic mixture fertilizer in water, also in particular the bulk density 1.5
With the above, an organic mixed fertilizer having good sedimentation properties can be obtained. This organic mixed fertilizer does not scatter and does not float on water when sprayed, and does not flow away due to rainfall or the like. Further, by setting the diameter of the mixed granules to 3 mm or more, the scattering properties can be sufficiently suppressed.

【００１２】有機混合肥料は有機肥料粉粒体を含んで従
来同様の植物に対する土壌改良剤であると共に栄養補給
剤として作用し、且つ、前記酸化鉄粉体は酸性雨等によ
る土壌の酸性度を中和し、また、酸素の補給が十分でな
いため有機物を分解する微生物が死滅して硫化水素が発
生するような地質環境の水田等においても、その発生す
る硫化水素と反応して硫化鉄をつくる鉄分を含むので、
酸性化を抑えて微生物の死滅を抑え、稲等植物の根腐れ
等を防止させることができる。さらにまた、本有機混合
肥料は、鉄分が不足している田地等において、秋口に稲
の生育の衰えがみられるいわゆる秋落水田にも有効に使
用できる。[0012] The organic mixed fertilizer contains the organic fertilizer powder and granules, and serves as a soil improver for plants as well as a nutrient supplement, and the iron oxide powder reduces the acidity of the soil due to acid rain and the like. Neutralizes and reacts with hydrogen sulfide to produce iron sulfide even in paddy fields in geological environments where hydrogen sulfide is generated due to death of microorganisms that decompose organic substances due to insufficient oxygen supply Since it contains iron,
Acidification can be suppressed to suppress the death of microorganisms and prevent root rot of rice and other plants. Furthermore, the present organic mixed fertilizer can be effectively used in so-called fall-off paddy fields where rice growth is declining at the beginning of fall in fields where iron content is deficient.

【００１３】特に、主原料の前記有機粉粒体として下水
汚泥からの汚泥肥料を用いることにより、下水汚泥は窒
素の他、燐やカリウム等の栄養素を含み且つ石灰を主体
とする塩基性成分を多量に含んでおり、酸化鉄粉体と混
合することにより、石灰分と鉄分とを多量にバランスよ
く効果的に含み、植物に対する優れた栄養補給剤とし
て、また、土壌改良剤として安価な有機肥料が得られ
る。前記酸化鉄粉体として前記製鉄ダストを用いること
により、この廃棄物の有効利用を図り、且つ、その鉄分
や石灰分を安価に且つ有効に利用できる。In particular, by using sludge fertilizer from sewage sludge as the organic powder as the main raw material, the sewage sludge contains nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium in addition to nitrogen and contains basic components mainly composed of lime. Organic fertilizer which contains a large amount and contains lime and iron in a large amount effectively by mixing with iron oxide powder, as an excellent nutritional supplement for plants and as a soil conditioner Is obtained. By using the iron-making dust as the iron oxide powder, the waste can be effectively used, and the iron and lime can be effectively used at low cost.

【００１４】混合する酸化鉄粉体は有機肥料に対して十
分に細かいから、有機肥料粒子の間隙に入り込む形とな
り、容易にかさ比重の高いものが得られる。従って、必
要なかさ比重を得るべく造粒の際の圧縮密度は小さくて
も済み、従ってまた生産性が良好となり、有機肥料単独
造粒等の場合に較べて安価に製造できる。Since the iron oxide powder to be mixed is sufficiently fine with respect to the organic fertilizer, the iron oxide powder enters into the gap between the organic fertilizer particles, so that a powder having a high bulk specific gravity can be easily obtained. Therefore, the compaction density during granulation may be small in order to obtain the required bulk specific gravity, and therefore, the productivity is also improved, and the fertilizer can be produced at a lower cost than in the case of granulation of an organic fertilizer alone.

【００１５】前記混合造粒品は、その造粒密度即ちかさ
比重を変えることにより、土壌中における崩壊浸透性を
変えることができ、かさ比重の異なる混合造粒品を複数
種類揃えておき、畑や水田等土壌の水分に応じて使い分
けすることができる。また、このようなかさ比重即ち硬
さの異なる混合造粒品を複数種類混合して使用し、即効
性と遅効性を組み合わせた持続性のある肥料として利用
することもできる。The mixed granulated product can change the collapse permeability in soil by changing the granulation density, that is, the bulk specific gravity, and a plurality of mixed granulated products having different bulk specific gravities are prepared. It can be used properly according to the moisture of soil such as paddy fields and paddy fields. In addition, a mixture of granulated products having different bulk specific gravities, that is, different hardnesses, may be used in combination, and may be used as a persistent fertilizer having a combination of an immediate effect and a delayed effect.

【００１６】[0016]

【実施例】以下、生産工程を示すフロー図面により、本
発明の汚泥混合による有機混合肥料を説明する。主原料
として下水処理場からの脱水ケーキを堆肥化して得られ
た市販の汚泥肥料を用いた。この汚泥肥料は、含水比は
約２７％であり、造粒が可能な含水比２０％を越えてい
るので、さらに、棚式乾燥機において８０℃の温度で４
時間乾燥して、１６．４％の水分とした。この乾燥汚泥
肥料による主肥料Ａは表１に記載の化学的性質を有し、
燐等栄養分と共にＣａＯを主体として多量の塩基性物質
を含んでいた。また、微粉酸化鉄Ｂとして新日本製鉄株
式会社八幡製鉄所の乾式集塵装置で回収された焼結ダス
トによる平均粒径１／１０００ｍｍ以下の超微粉を用い
た。この微粉酸化鉄Ｂの成分を表２に示した。なお、こ
の微粉酸化鉄ＢのｐＨは１０．９で、含水比は０％であ
った。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an organic mixed fertilizer by mixing sludge of the present invention will be described with reference to a flow chart showing a production process. As a main raw material, a commercially available sludge fertilizer obtained by composting a dewatered cake from a sewage treatment plant was used. This sludge fertilizer has a water content of about 27% and exceeds a water content of 20% at which granulation is possible.
Dry for an hour to 16.4% moisture. The main fertilizer A using the dried sludge fertilizer has the chemical properties shown in Table 1,
It contained a large amount of basic substances mainly of CaO together with nutrients such as phosphorus. Ultrafine powder having an average particle size of 1/1000 mm or less due to sintered dust collected by a dry dust collector of Nippon Steel Corporation Yawata Works was used as the fine iron oxide B. Table 2 shows the components of the fine iron oxide B. The pH of the fine iron oxide B was 10.9, and the water content was 0%.

【００１７】[0017]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００１８】[0018]

【表２】 [Table 2]

【００１９】さらに、前記微粉酸化鉄Ｂは、単位容積重
量が１．５７ｋｇ／ｌ、また、真比重は４．９０ｇ／ｃ
ｍ3 であるが、水中に沈降可能とするため、かさ比重
１．６７を目標に、主肥料Ａと微粉酸化鉄Ｂを８：２の
割合で混合することにした。The fine iron oxide B has a unit volume weight of 1.57 kg / l and a true specific gravity of 4.90 g / c.
m is 3, but to allow sedimentation in water, the goal of bulk density 1.67, the main fertilizer A and micronized iron oxide B 8: was mixing in a ratio of 2.

【００２０】図１において、原料タンク１は定量排出機
２を備え、また、微粉酸化鉄タンク３も定量排出機４を
備えている。原料タンク１からの主肥料Ａと微粉酸化鉄
タンク３からの微粉酸化鉄Ｂを、容量比で８：２の割合
で、集塵機５を備えるスクリュウコンベアー式の連続混
合機６に供給して均一に混合し、さらに、バケットコン
ベアー７から混合供給機８を経由してディスクペレッタ
ー９に供給した。In FIG. 1, a raw material tank 1 is provided with a fixed amount discharger 2, and a fine powder iron oxide tank 3 is also provided with a fixed amount discharger 4. The main fertilizer A from the raw material tank 1 and the fine iron oxide B from the fine iron oxide tank 3 are supplied in a ratio of 8: 2 by volume to a screw conveyor type continuous mixer 6 equipped with a dust collector 5 to be uniform. The mixture was mixed and further supplied from a bucket conveyor 7 to a disk pelleter 9 via a mixing supply machine 8.

【００２１】このディスクペレッター９は、図２に略部
分断面図で示したように、造粒室９１に多数の貫通孔９
２を形成したディスクダイ９３が固定され、モータ（図
示せず）によって駆動されるシャフト９４がこのディス
クダイ９３の中央部を貫通して上部に突き出し、ロール
キャリア９５を回転させるようにしてあり、ロールキャ
リア９５には２〜５個のローラ９６を放射状に取り付
け、ディスクダイ９３上を自転且つ公転させるようにし
てある。従って、造粒室９１内に供給された材料は、ロ
ーラ９６によって加圧され、ディスクダイ９３の貫通孔
９２から下部に押し出し成形される。そして、ディスク
ダイ９３の裏面で回転するナイフカッター９７により適
当な長さに切断されて円柱形状の粒体ａとなり、粒体ａ
は同軸回転するロータリングプレート９８上に落下して
造粒室９１外に排出されるようになっている。The disk pelleter 9 has a large number of through holes 9 in a granulation chamber 91 as shown in a schematic partial sectional view of FIG.
2 is fixed, and a shaft 94 driven by a motor (not shown) penetrates the center of the disk die 93 and projects upward to rotate the roll carrier 95. Two to five rollers 96 are radially mounted on the roll carrier 95 so as to rotate and revolve on the disk die 93. Therefore, the material supplied into the granulation chamber 91 is pressed by the roller 96 and is extruded downward from the through hole 92 of the disk die 93 to be formed. Then, it is cut into an appropriate length by a knife cutter 97 rotating on the back surface of the disk die 93 to form a columnar particle a.
Is dropped on the coaxially rotating rotor plate 98 and discharged out of the granulation chamber 91.

【００２２】即ち、このディスクペレッター９では、デ
ィスクダイ９３を変えることにより任意の粒径や長さの
粒体が得られるられるものであるが、本実施例では、散
布時の飛散性を考慮し、特に、径が３ｍｍで長さが５〜
７ｍｍの小円柱体のものが得られるようにした。また、
このディスクペレッターは粒体の締め固め密度を変える
こともでき、粒体の締固め密度即ちかさ比重を変えるこ
とにより、施肥後の粒体の崩壊時間を任意に変えること
ができるものである。That is, in this disk pelleter 9, particles having an arbitrary particle size and length can be obtained by changing the disk die 93. In the present embodiment, the scattering property at the time of spraying is taken into consideration. In particular, the diameter is 3 mm and the length is 5
A small cylinder having a diameter of 7 mm was obtained. Also,
The disk pelleter can change the compaction density of the granules, and can arbitrarily change the disintegration time of the granules after fertilization by changing the compaction density of the granules, that is, the bulk specific gravity.

【００２３】得られた造粒品は、表面に水分が滲出して
おり、そのままでは黴が発生して特有の臭気を発生する
ので、引き続き図１に図示のバケットコンベアー１０に
より振動流動乾燥機１１に搬入させた。この振動流動乾
燥機１１は、その始端部部分において熱風発生機１２と
熱風送風機１３による熱風の吹き込みが行われ、終端部
部分において冷却用送風機１４からの冷風の吹き込みが
行われるようにしてあり、内部を流動搬送される造粒品
は脱臭され、乾燥造粒品として排出される。１５は集塵
機であり、この集塵機１５は排風機１６により振動流動
乾燥機１１からの粉塵を回収するものである。The obtained granulated product has water oozing out on its surface, and if it is left as it is, it produces mold and produces a peculiar odor. Therefore, the vibrating fluidized dryer 11 is continuously operated by the bucket conveyor 10 shown in FIG. Was carried into. The vibrating fluidized dryer 11 is configured such that hot air is blown by a hot air generator 12 and a hot air blower 13 at a start end portion thereof, and cool air is blown from a cooling blower 14 at an end end portion thereof. The granulated product flow-conveyed inside is deodorized and discharged as a dry granulated product. Reference numeral 15 denotes a dust collector, which collects dust from the vibrating fluidized dryer 11 by an exhaust fan 16.

【００２４】振動流動乾燥機１１からの乾燥造粒品はバ
ケットコンベアー１７を経由して篩機１８に掛けられ、
粒度を揃えられた後、混合造粒製品Ｃとして製品ホッパ
ー１９に収納された。製品ホッパー１９内の混合造粒製
品Ｃは、さらに、ピボットコンベア２０により荷揚げさ
れて包装機２１にかけられ、袋詰めされた。この混合造
粒製品Ｃの化学的性質を表３に、また、物理的性質を表
４に示した。The dried granulated product from the vibrating fluidized dryer 11 is passed through a bucket conveyor 17 and passed through a sieve 18,
After the particle size was adjusted, the product was stored in the product hopper 19 as the mixed granulated product C. The mixed granulated product C in the product hopper 19 was further unloaded by a pivot conveyor 20, placed on a packaging machine 21, and packed in a bag. Table 3 shows the chemical properties of the mixed granulated product C, and Table 4 shows the physical properties.

【００２５】[0025]

【表３】 [Table 3]

【００２６】[0026]

【表４】 [Table 4]

【００２７】さらに、比較例として、前記主肥料Ａのみ
を、前記と同様の工程により単独で造粒して、単独造粒
品Ｄを得たが、その物理的性質を表４に併載した。この
単独造粒品Ｄの化学的性質は表１の主肥料Ａの化学的性
質と同じである。Further, as a comparative example, only the main fertilizer A was granulated alone in the same process as above to obtain a single granulated product D, and its physical properties are also shown in Table 4. The chemical properties of the single granulated product D are the same as those of the main fertilizer A in Table 1.

【００２８】即ち、混合造粒製品Ｃは酸化鉄（Ｆｅ2 Ｏ
3 ）を単独造粒品の場合の２倍量以上を含み、そのかさ
比重は１．６６５で約３５％増加した。この混合造粒製
品Ｃを水田に散布したところ、飛散状態になることなく
散布され、また、水上に浮遊することなく散布された位
置でそのまま沈降した。That is, the mixed granulated product C is made of iron oxide (Fe 2 O).
3 ) contains more than twice the amount of the single granulated product, and its bulk specific gravity is 1.665, which is about 35% increased. When this mixed granulated product C was sprayed on a paddy field, it was sprayed without being scattered, and settled at a position where it was sprayed without floating on water.

【００２９】なお、主肥料Ａによる単独造粒品Ｄは同様
に散布したところ、飛散状態となることはなかったが、
散布時に水上に浮遊するものが多くみられた。また、こ
の混合造粒製品は多量の窒素分と共に燐やカリウム等を
含んですぐれた栄養補給効果を有し、また、混合造粒製
品中の微粉酸化鉄はｐＨが１０．９と高く、その鉄分は
同様に多量に含まれる石灰分と共に、酸性雨に基づく酸
性土壌の中和作用や微生物分解反応からの硫化水素との
中和作用に役立つ土壌改良効果をもつものである。When the single granulated product D using the main fertilizer A was sprayed in the same manner, the granulated product D was not scattered.
Many were floating on the water when sprayed. In addition, this mixed granulated product has an excellent nutritional supplement effect containing phosphorus and potassium together with a large amount of nitrogen, and the fine iron oxide in the mixed granulated product has a high pH of 10.9, and Iron also has a soil improvement effect, which is useful for neutralizing acidic soil based on acid rain and neutralizing hydrogen sulfide from microbial decomposition, together with a large amount of lime.

【００３０】なおまた、上記の実施例では、造粒機とし
てディスクダイとローラとを組み合わせた縦型タイプの
ディスクペレッターを用いたが、造粒機は円筒状スクリ
ーンダイを利用する横型のもの等任意のものであっても
よいし、また、粒体として例えば粒同志の摩擦機構を取
り入れて球形のものが得られるようにしたものでもよ
い。In the above embodiment, a vertical type disk pelleter combining a disk die and a roller is used as a granulator, but a horizontal type granulator using a cylindrical screen die is used. And the like, or a spherical body obtained by incorporating a friction mechanism between grains, for example.

【００３１】[0031]

【発明の効果】本発明の有機混合肥料は、下水道処理場
からの発生汚泥を堆肥化処理した有機肥料粉粒体に酸化
鉄粉体とを混合して造粒したかさ比重が１．５以上であ
る混合造粒体であるから、比較的かさ比重が高く、従来
のように、散布の際、飛散することもなく、また、水中
への沈降性が良好で、水に浮くこともないから、降雨等
によって流失することがない。従って、表層施肥後、面
倒な耕起全層施肥作業を行う必要がなくなり、著しい省
力化が可能となる効果を奏する。また、鉄粉のように重
くはないから、散布時の作業性を悪くすることもない。The organic mixed fertilizer of the present invention can be used in a sewage treatment plant.
The bulk specific gravity of the organic fertilizer powder obtained by composting the sludge generated from composting with iron oxide powder and granulating is 1.5 or more.
Since it is a mixed granulated product, it has a relatively high bulk specific gravity, does not scatter when spraying , and
Since it has good sedimentation to water and does not float on water, it does not flow away due to rainfall or the like. Therefore, after the surface fertilization, there is no need to perform a troublesome plowing operation for the whole layer fertilization, and an effect that remarkable labor saving can be achieved. Moreover, since it is not heavy like iron powder, the workability at the time of spraying is not deteriorated.

【００３２】本発明の有機混合肥料は植物に対する栄養
供給剤であり、また、土壌改良剤であって、畑や家庭菜
園の農作物に対して好適に使用できると共に、微生物の
酸素消費に対して酸素の供給が十分でないためそのまま
では硫化水素が発生するという水環境にも対応でき、水
田における肥料供給と共に稲の根腐れの防止等水環境の
改善にも役立ち、いわゆる秋落水田に対する対策として
も有効に使用できるという効果を奏する。さらには、車
輌等の排気ガスに基づく土壌の酸性化に対しても、バラ
ンスよく含まれる鉄分や石灰分によりその酸性度を緩和
でき、沿道緑化草木についても集中的な酸性雨対策の土
壌改良材料として使用できるという効果を奏するもので
ある。The organic mixed fertilizer of the present invention is a nutrient-supplying agent for plants and a soil conditioner, which can be suitably used for crops in fields and vegetable gardens, and has an effect on oxygen consumption by microorganisms. It can cope with the water environment where hydrogen sulfide is generated as it is because the supply of water is not enough, it is also useful for improving fertilizer supply in paddy fields and improving the water environment such as preventing root rot of rice, and also effective as a measure against so-called autumn fall paddy fields It has the effect that it can be used for. Furthermore, iron and lime contained in a well-balanced manner can alleviate the acidity of soil caused by exhaust gas from vehicles, etc. It has an effect that it can be used as.

【００３３】[0033]

【００３４】本発明の有機混合肥料は、有機肥料粉粒体
として下水道処理場からの発生汚泥を堆肥化処理した有
機肥料粉粒体を利用したので、これに含まれる窒素や燐
やカリウム等の植物栄養分の外石灰等塩基成分を安価に
且つ有効に利用できるという効果を奏する。また、微粉
酸化鉄として製鉄ダストを利用するものは、その重量が
有効に利用できると共に含まれている鉄分や石灰分を土
壌改良剤としても安価に且つ有効に利用できるという効
果を奏する。 The organic mixed fertilizer of the present invention is obtained by composting sludge generated from a sewage treatment plant as organic fertilizer powder.
Since the fertilizer granules are used, there is an effect that base components such as outer lime of plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contained therein can be effectively used at low cost. Further, those utilizing iron-making dust as the fine iron oxide have the effect that the weight thereof can be effectively used, and the iron or lime contained therein can be effectively and inexpensively used as a soil conditioner.

【００３５】本発明の有機混合肥料は、有機肥料に対す
る酸化鉄粉の粒子が細かいので、造粒時容易に高密化が
可能で、従って、所定かさ比重の混合造粒体を得るのに
比較的低圧での造粒が可能で生産性が良好となり、比較
的安価に製造できる。また、単位容積重量が高いので、
運搬効率がよいという効果を有する。The organic mixed fertilizer of the present invention can be easily densified at the time of granulation due to the fine particles of iron oxide powder with respect to the organic fertilizer. Therefore, it is relatively difficult to obtain a mixed granulated product having a predetermined specific gravity. Granulation at low pressure is possible, productivity is improved, and relatively inexpensive production is possible. Also, because the unit weight is high,
This has the effect that transportation efficiency is good.

【００３６】さらに、かさ比重を変えるこにより、土壌
への崩壊浸透性を変えることができ、対象とする土壌に
合わせて用意することができる効果を有し、かさ比重の
異なる混合造粒体を複数種類混合することにより即効性
と遅効性とを組み合わせた持続性のある有機混合肥料と
することができるという効果を奏する。Further, by changing the bulk specific gravity, it is possible to change the collapse permeability into the soil, and it has an effect that it can be prepared according to the target soil. By mixing a plurality of types, it is possible to obtain an organic mixed fertilizer having a long-lasting effect by combining an immediate effect and a delayed effect.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】本発明の有機混合肥料の造粒製造工程を示す設
備によるフロー図である。FIG. 1 is a flow chart by equipment showing a granulation production process of an organic mixed fertilizer of the present invention.

【図２】図１の造粒製造工程におけるディスクペレッタ
ーの略部分断面図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a disk pelletizer in the granulation manufacturing process of FIG.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

Ａ 主肥料 Ｂ 微粉酸化鉄 Ｃ 混合造粒製品 １ 原料タンク ２，４ 定量排出機 ３ 酸化鉄タンク ５，１５ 集塵機 ６ 連続混合機 ７，１０，１７ バケットコンベアー ８ 混合供給機 ９ ディスクペレッター １１ 振動流動乾燥機 １２ 熱風発生機 １３ 熱風送風機 １４ 冷却用送風機 １６ 排風機 １８ 篩機 １９ 製品ホッパー ２０ ピボットコンベアー ２１ 包装機 ９１ 造粒室 ９２ 貫通孔 ９３ ディスクダイ ９４ シャフト ９５ ロールキャリア ９６ ローラ ９７ ナイフカッター ９８ ロータリングプレート ａ 粒体 A Main fertilizer B Fine iron oxide C Mixed granulated product 1 Raw material tank 2,4 Quantitative discharge machine 3 Iron oxide tank 5,15 Dust collector 6 Continuous mixer 7,10,17 Bucket conveyor 8 Mixing feeder 9 Disk pelleter 11 Vibration Fluid dryer 12 Hot air generator 13 Hot air blower 14 Cooling blower 16 Discharger 18 Sieving machine 19 Product hopper 20 Pivot conveyor 21 Packaging machine 91 Granulation chamber 92 Through hole 93 Disk die 94 Shaft 95 Roll carrier 96 Roller 97 Knife cutter 98 Rotating plate a granule

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) C05F 1/00 - 17/02 C05G 3/00 C05G 5/00 C02F 11/00 - 11/16 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) C05F 1/00-17/02 C05G 3/00 C05G 5/00 C02F 11/00-11/16

Claims (4)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項１】 下水道処理場からの発生汚泥を堆肥化処
理した有機肥料粉粒体と酸化鉄粉体とを混合して造粒し
たかさ比重が１．５以上である混合造粒体であることを
特徴とする有機混合肥料。Claims: 1. Sludge generated from a sewage treatment plant is composted.
The mixed organic fertilizer powder and iron oxide powder are mixed and granulated.
An organic mixed fertilizer, which is a mixed granule having a bulk specific gravity of 1.5 or more . 【請求項２】 前記酸化鉄粉体が製鉄所の製鉄工程で発2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the iron oxide powder is generated in an iron making process of an ironworks.
生する製鉄ダストであることを特徴とする請求項1に記Claim 1 characterized by the fact that it is produced iron dust.
載の有機混合肥料。Organic mixed fertilizer. 【請求項３】 かさ比重の異なる複数種類の前記混合粉
粒体を混合したことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項
２に記載の有機混合肥料。 3. A plurality of types of the mixed powder having different bulk specific gravities.
Claim 1 or Claim characterized in that granules are mixed
3. The organic mixed fertilizer according to 2. 【請求項４】 前記混合造粒体は直径が３ｍｍ以上であ4. The mixed granule has a diameter of 3 mm or more.
ることを特徴とした請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれか14. The method according to claim 1, wherein
項に記載の有機混合肥料。Organic mixed fertilizer according to Item.
JP8081569A 1996-04-03 1996-04-03 Organic mixed fertilizer Expired - Fee Related JP2943099B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8081569A JP2943099B2 (en) 1996-04-03 1996-04-03 Organic mixed fertilizer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8081569A JP2943099B2 (en) 1996-04-03 1996-04-03 Organic mixed fertilizer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09268093A JPH09268093A (en) 1997-10-14
JP2943099B2 true JP2943099B2 (en) 1999-08-30

Family

ID=13749939

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP8081569A Expired - Fee Related JP2943099B2 (en) 1996-04-03 1996-04-03 Organic mixed fertilizer

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Country Link
JP (1) JP2943099B2 (en)

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