JP2928821B2 - Method for producing high-density chromium-based cermet sintered body - Google Patents
Method for producing high-density chromium-based cermet sintered bodyInfo
- Publication number
- JP2928821B2 JP2928821B2 JP63208042A JP20804288A JP2928821B2 JP 2928821 B2 JP2928821 B2 JP 2928821B2 JP 63208042 A JP63208042 A JP 63208042A JP 20804288 A JP20804288 A JP 20804288A JP 2928821 B2 JP2928821 B2 JP 2928821B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chromium
- sintered body
- release agent
- cermet
- based cermet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は高速度のクロム系サーメット焼結体（焼結硬
質合金）の製造方法に関する。The present invention relates to a method for producing a high-speed chromium-based cermet sintered body (sintered hard alloy).
［従来の技術及びその問題点］ サーメットは金属とセラミックを混合し、加圧成型、
焼結して得る複合材料で、一般に混合した原料粉末を予
備成型後、不活性の保護雰囲気中もしくは還元雰囲気中
で常圧又は加圧焼結を行ない製造されている。[Conventional technology and its problems] Cermet mixes metal and ceramic, press-molds,
It is a composite material obtained by sintering, and is generally manufactured by preforming a mixed raw material powder and then performing normal pressure or pressure sintering in an inert protective atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere.
従来から、金属クロム粉末を用いてクロム系のサーメ
ットを製造する際、金属クロムは粒子表面に強固な酸化
被膜を生成するためにクロム自体が難焼結性であるこ
と、金属クロム以外の硬質分散相として用いる金属酸化
物等はクロム母相中に固溶し難いこと等のために、常圧
焼結法では充分な密度の焼結体を得ることが困難である
という問題があった。Conventionally, when producing chromium-based cermets using metallic chromium powder, chromium itself is difficult to sinter to form a strong oxide film on the particle surface. Since a metal oxide or the like used as a phase hardly forms a solid solution in the chromium matrix, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a sintered body having a sufficient density by the normal pressure sintering method.
高密度のクロム系のサーメットを簡便に得ることが可
能ならば、クロム系のサーメットの持つ強度，硬度，靭
性等の機械的性質の面からもその利用分野は更に拡がる
ことが考えられ、高密度クロム系サーメット焼結体、特
に多純度の焼結体及びその効率的な製法が求められてい
る。If a high-density chromium-based cermet can be easily obtained, the application field of the chromium-based cermet is expected to further expand in terms of mechanical properties such as strength, hardness, and toughness. There is a demand for a chromium-based cermet sintered body, particularly a high-purity sintered body, and an efficient production method thereof.
高密度クロム系サーメットの焼結体を得るには、通
常、ホットプレス，熱間静水圧プレス等の加圧焼結法が
用いられているが、これらの加圧焼結法では、被圧粉体
と、用いるプレス型もしくはカプセルの材質との反応が
起り、これら同志が融着しやすく、また、プレス型、カ
プセルからの不純物の混入を避けることができない。こ
れを防ぐためには、用いるプレス型やカプセルに窒化ホ
ウ素等の離型剤を塗付するなどして加圧焼結が行われ
る。しかし、クロム系サーメット焼結体の製造の場合に
は、ホウ素，窒素等の不純物の存在には特にクロム母相
の機械的性質を著しく低下させることになり、またこの
ような不純物の汚染を回避するために、圧力，温度等の
焼結条件を比較的温和な条件に設定すると、満足すべき
密度のものが得られないという問題点があった。In order to obtain a sintered body of a high-density chromium cermet, pressure sintering methods such as hot pressing and hot isostatic pressing are usually used. A reaction occurs between the body and the material of the press mold or capsule to be used, and these are likely to fuse with each other, and it is unavoidable to mix impurities from the press mold or capsule. To prevent this, pressure sintering is performed, for example, by applying a release agent such as boron nitride to the press die or capsule to be used. However, in the case of producing a chromium-based cermet sintered body, the presence of impurities such as boron and nitrogen will significantly reduce the mechanical properties of the chromium matrix in particular, and avoid the contamination of such impurities. Therefore, if sintering conditions such as pressure and temperature are set to relatively mild conditions, there is a problem that a material having a satisfactory density cannot be obtained.
［問題点を解決するための手段］ 本発明者等は、かかる問題点を解決するために鋭意検
討を行った結果、サーメットの硬質分散相と同種の金属
酸化物を離型剤として用いることにより、サーメット原
料粉末とプレス型もしくはカプセルとの反応を防ぎつ
つ、また、不純物に汚染されることなく高密度のサーメ
ット焼結体を得ることのできることを見出し本発明を完
成した。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve such problems, and as a result, by using a metal oxide of the same type as the hard dispersed phase of the cermet as a release agent. It has been found that a high-density cermet sintered body can be obtained while preventing the reaction between the cermet raw material powder and the press mold or the capsule and without being contaminated by impurities.
即ち本発明は、金属クロム及び／又はクロム基合金及
び金属酸化物粉末を原料とし、型を用いた加圧焼結法に
てサーメット焼結体を製造する方法において、原料とし
て用いる金属酸化物と同種の金属酸化物の粉末および／
又はシートを離型剤として用いることを特徴とする高密
度クロム系サーメット焼結体の製造方法を提供するもの
である。That is, the present invention provides a method for producing a cermet sintered body by pressure sintering using a metal chromium and / or a chromium-based alloy and a metal oxide powder as raw materials. Powder of the same kind of metal oxide and / or
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a high-density chromium-based cermet sintered body using a sheet as a release agent.
次に本発明のクロム系サーメット焼結体の製造方法に
ついて更に詳細に説明する。Next, the method for producing a chromium-based cermet sintered body of the present invention will be described in more detail.
本発明で用いるサーメット原料粉末は、金属クロム及
び／又はクロム基合金と、硬質分散相としての金属酸化
物とを混合したものを使用する。The cermet raw material powder used in the present invention uses a mixture of chromium metal and / or a chromium-based alloy and a metal oxide as a hard dispersed phase.
硬質分散相として用いる金属酸化物としては、ジルコ
ニウム、チタン、アルミニウム等の酸化物である。Examples of the metal oxide used as the hard dispersed phase include oxides such as zirconium, titanium, and aluminum.
このサーメット原料粉末は、粒径0.1〜200μｍもので
あり、最終的に均一な焼結体を得ることができれば混合
比，混合方法等は特に限定されないが、クロム：金属酸
化物が99:1〜60:40（wt）で、これらをボールミルなど
の通常の混合装置で混合することが好ましい。The cermet raw material powder has a particle size of 0.1 to 200 μm, and the mixing ratio and mixing method are not particularly limited as long as a uniform sintered body can be finally obtained. At a ratio of 60:40 (wt), it is preferable to mix them with a normal mixing device such as a ball mill.
サーメット原料粉末はハンドプレス，冷間静水圧プレ
ス等で目的とする形状等に予備成型して圧粉体とし、こ
のものを離型剤を充填したプレス型もしくはカプセル等
の型の中に埋め込み保持して加圧焼結を施し焼結体とす
る。The cermet raw material powder is preformed into the desired shape by hand pressing, cold isostatic pressing, etc. to obtain a green compact, which is embedded and held in a mold such as a press mold or capsule filled with a release agent. Then, pressure sintering is performed to obtain a sintered body.
ここで、用いる離型剤は、原料として用いた硬質分散
相（金属酸化物）と同類の金属酸化物であることが本発
明では必須である。使用する離型剤が粉末の場合は、そ
の粒径は10μｍ〜1mm程度が好ましい。離型剤の粒径が1
0μｍより小さいと焼結の進行により離型が困難にな
り、1mmより大きいと圧粉体に対しての均一な加圧が期
待できなくなるからである。また、用いる離型剤を適当
な厚さのシート（例えば0.5〜5mm厚さ）として用いるこ
とも可能である。いづれにしても、本発明では少なくと
も焼結する圧粉体と接する部分が、本発明で限定した離
型剤と接するようにに使用することである。Here, it is essential in the present invention that the release agent used is a metal oxide similar to the hard dispersed phase (metal oxide) used as a raw material. When the release agent used is a powder, the particle size is preferably about 10 μm to 1 mm. The particle size of the release agent is 1
If the thickness is smaller than 0 μm, it becomes difficult to release the mold due to the progress of sintering. If the thickness is larger than 1 mm, uniform pressing of the green compact cannot be expected. The release agent used can be used as a sheet having an appropriate thickness (for example, 0.5 to 5 mm thick). In any case, in the present invention, at least a portion in contact with the green compact to be sintered is used so as to be in contact with the release agent limited in the present invention.
離型剤の使用量は、不純物による汚染の程度及び経済
性の面から圧粉体の重量の10〜30倍程度が好ましい。The amount of the release agent to be used is preferably about 10 to 30 times the weight of the green compact in view of the degree of contamination by impurities and economy.
本発明において加圧焼結法として熱間静水圧プレスを
用いた場合の一例を第１図に示す。図のようにカプセル
に離型剤を充填し、その中に圧粉体を生め込んで真空封
止をしてプレスを行う。FIG. 1 shows an example in which a hot isostatic press is used as the pressure sintering method in the present invention. As shown in the figure, a capsule is filled with a release agent, a green compact is produced therein, and the capsule is vacuum-sealed and pressed.
また、ホットプレスを用いた場合の一例を第２図に示
す。図のようにプレス型に離型剤を充填し、その中に圧
粉体を埋め込んでプレスを行う。また第３図のように、
熱間静水圧プレスと同様にカプセルに圧粉体を封入し、
そのカプセルをプレス型中の離型剤に埋め込んでプレス
を行うことも可能である。FIG. 2 shows an example in which a hot press is used. As shown in the figure, a press mold is filled with a release agent, and a green compact is buried therein to perform pressing. Also, as shown in FIG.
In the same way as a hot isostatic press, a green compact is enclosed in a capsule,
It is also possible to embed the capsule in a release agent in a press mold and perform pressing.
本発明での焼結温度は1000℃以上で、高密度のクロム
系サーメット焼結体を得ることができる。The sintering temperature in the present invention is 1000 ° C. or higher, and a high-density chromium-based cermet sintered body can be obtained.
［発明の効果］ 一般的に離型剤は型などからの製品の離脱を容易にす
るために使用されるが、硬質分散相と同類の金属酸化物
もしくは金属窒化物を離型剤として用いると次のような
効果が得られる。[Effect of the Invention] Generally, a release agent is used to facilitate release of a product from a mold or the like. However, when a metal oxide or metal nitride similar to the hard dispersed phase is used as the release agent, The following effects can be obtained.
原料粉末とプレス型もしくはカプセルとの相互反応を
防止する。Prevents interaction between the raw material powder and the press mold or capsule.
プレス型もしくはカプセルからの不純物の混入を防
ぐ。Prevent contamination of impurities from the press mold or capsule.
離型剤そのものからの汚染がない。No contamination from the release agent itself.
圧粉体に等方静水圧が作用させることが出来る。Isostatic hydrostatic pressure can act on the green compact.
以上の作用で、本発明によれば不純物の混入を抑えつ
つ加圧焼結を行うことができ高密度のクロム系サーメッ
ト焼結体を製造することができる。According to the present invention, pressure sintering can be performed according to the present invention while suppressing contamination of impurities, and a high-density chromium-based cermet sintered body can be manufactured.
［実施例］ 以下、実施例により本発明を更に詳しく説明するが、
本発明は何等これらに限定されるものではない。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.
The present invention is not limited to these.
実施例１ 原料粉末として、平均粒径120μｍを有する金属クロ
ム粉末（純度99.9％）と平均粒径0.5μｍを有するジル
コニア粉末（純度99.9％）をそれぞれ第１表に示した組
成に配合し、ジルコニア製のボールを使用してメタノー
ル中にて50時間湿式粉砕混合し、乾燥した後、200MPaの
圧力でプレス成型して棒状の圧粉体とした。Example 1 As raw material powders, chromium metal powder having an average particle diameter of 120 μm (purity: 99.9%) and zirconia powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm (purity: 99.9%) were respectively blended into the compositions shown in Table 1 to obtain zirconia. The mixture was wet-pulverized and mixed in methanol for 50 hours using a glass ball, dried, and then press-molded at a pressure of 200 MPa to obtain a rod-shaped green compact.
これらの圧粉体を第１図に示すようにカプセルに封入
して、アルゴンガス雰囲気で焼結温度1200℃，プレス圧
力150MPa、保持時間３時間の熱間静水圧プレスを行っ
た。離型剤は、平均粒径30μｍを有するジルコニア粉末
を使用した。These green compacts were encapsulated in capsules as shown in FIG. 1, and hot isostatic pressing was performed in an argon gas atmosphere at a sintering temperature of 1200 ° C., a pressing pressure of 150 MPa and a holding time of 3 hours. As the release agent, zirconia powder having an average particle size of 30 μm was used.
このようにして製造したクロム系サーメット焼結体の
密度測定の結果を第２表に示す。Table 2 shows the results of the density measurement of the chromium-based cermet sintered bodies thus manufactured.
実施例２ 実施例１と同様の手順で得た圧粉体を、第２図に示す
ようにホットプレスのプレス型に埋め込み、アルゴン雰
囲気にて焼結温度1400℃，プレス圧力20MPa、保持時間
１時間でプレスを行った。用いた離型剤は、平均粒径30
μｍを有するジルコニア粉末及び厚さ2mmのジルコニア
シートを使用した。Example 2 A green compact obtained by the same procedure as in Example 1 was embedded in a hot press press mold as shown in FIG. 2, and was sintered at 1400 ° C. under an argon atmosphere, at a pressure of 20 MPa, and for a holding time of 1 mm. Pressed in time. The release agent used had an average particle size of 30.
Zirconia powder having a thickness of 2 μm and a zirconia sheet having a thickness of 2 mm were used.
このようにして製造したクロム系サーメット焼結体の
密度測定の結果を第３表に示す。Table 3 shows the results of the density measurement of the chromium-based cermet sintered body thus manufactured.
比較例１ 実施例１と同様の手順で得た圧粉体に対し、水素雰囲
気中で焼結温度1400℃、保持時間１時間で常圧焼結を行
った。Comparative Example 1 The green compact obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1 was subjected to normal pressure sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere at a sintering temperature of 1400 ° C. and a holding time of 1 hour.
このようにして製造したクロム系サーメット焼結体の
密度測定の結果を第４表に示す。Table 4 shows the results of the density measurement of the chromium-based cermet sintered bodies thus manufactured.
図１は熱間静水圧プレスを用いた場合の圧粉体の型への
封入状況を示す図で、図中１はカプセル、２は離型剤、
３は圧粉体を夫々示す。 図２、３は夫々ホットプレスを用いた場合、カプセルに
圧粉体を封入したものをプレス型に封入した状況を示す
図で、図中１はカプセル、２は離型剤、３は圧粉体、４
はプレス型、５は上パンチ、６は下パンチを夫々示す。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state of enclosing a green compact in a mold when a hot isostatic press is used, in which 1 is a capsule, 2 is a release agent,
Reference numeral 3 denotes a green compact. FIGS. 2 and 3 are views showing a situation in which a green compact is encapsulated in a capsule and a press mold is enclosed in a press mold when a hot press is used, wherein 1 is a capsule, 2 is a release agent, and 3 is a compact. Body, 4
Indicates a press die, 5 indicates an upper punch, and 6 indicates a lower punch.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) C22C 1/05 B22F 3/10 - 3/16 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) C22C 1/05 B22F 3/10-3/16
Claims (1)
ルコニウム、チタン及びアルミニウムの酸化物から選ば
れ、硬質分散相を形成する金属酸化物粉末を原料とし、
型を用いた加圧焼結法にてサーメット焼結体を製造する
方法において、原料として用いる金属酸化物と同種の金
属酸化物の粉末および／又はシートを離型剤として用
い、原料圧粉体の周囲を囲むことを特徴とする高密度ク
ロム系サーメット焼結体の製造方法。1. A metal oxide powder selected from chromium metal and / or a chromium-based alloy and oxides of zirconium, titanium and aluminum and forming a hard dispersed phase is used as a raw material,
In a method for producing a cermet sintered body by a pressure sintering method using a mold, a powder and / or sheet of the same kind of metal oxide as a raw material is used as a release agent, A method for producing a high-density chromium-based cermet sintered body, characterized by surrounding the periphery of the cermet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63208042A JP2928821B2 (en) | 1988-08-24 | 1988-08-24 | Method for producing high-density chromium-based cermet sintered body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63208042A JP2928821B2 (en) | 1988-08-24 | 1988-08-24 | Method for producing high-density chromium-based cermet sintered body |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0257647A JPH0257647A (en) | 1990-02-27 |
| JP2928821B2 true JP2928821B2 (en) | 1999-08-03 |
Family
ID=16549685
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63208042A Expired - Fee Related JP2928821B2 (en) | 1988-08-24 | 1988-08-24 | Method for producing high-density chromium-based cermet sintered body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2928821B2 (en) |
-
1988
- 1988-08-24 JP JP63208042A patent/JP2928821B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0257647A (en) | 1990-02-27 |
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