JP2927842B2 - Miscellaneous solid waste treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents
Miscellaneous solid waste treatment method and apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JP2927842B2 JP2927842B2 JP1304828A JP30482889A JP2927842B2 JP 2927842 B2 JP2927842 B2 JP 2927842B2 JP 1304828 A JP1304828 A JP 1304828A JP 30482889 A JP30482889 A JP 30482889A JP 2927842 B2 JP2927842 B2 JP 2927842B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- waste
- gas
- tube
- heating
- recovered
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、家庭や事務所、或は、工場や病院等で廃棄
物として生じる紙，プラスチック，生ゴミ，ゴム，ガラ
ス，金属等をこれらが混在した状態で圧搾破断し、圧縮
脱水してできる固形状の廃棄物（雑固体廃棄物）を、順
次多数移送循環させ乍ら熱溶融或は熱分解し、可燃性ガ
ス，油を回収できる雑固体廃棄物の処理方法及びその装
置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to paper, plastic, garbage, rubber, glass, metal and the like generated as waste in homes, offices, factories and hospitals. Can be crushed and crushed in a mixed state, and can be heated and melted or thermally decomposed while sequentially transferring and circulating a large number of solid wastes (miscellaneous solid wastes) formed by compression dehydration to recover flammable gas and oil. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating miscellaneous solid waste.
従来、都市ごみや産業廃棄物は焼却処理されていたが
焼却に伴う廃ガスが公害の原因となり、特に、プラスチ
ックをはじめとする合成樹脂（高分子物質）系の廃棄物
の焼却は有害ガス、黒煙の発生、高発熱量による焼却設
備の損傷等の問題があった。Conventionally, municipal solid waste and industrial waste have been incinerated, but the waste gas from the incineration causes pollution. In particular, the incineration of plastic and other synthetic resin (polymeric material) -based waste is a hazardous gas. There were problems such as generation of black smoke and damage to the incineration equipment due to the high calorific value.
それ故、プラスチック等の高分子物質は都市ごみ等か
ら分別されて埋立て処理されているのが現状である。Therefore, at present, high-molecular substances such as plastics are separated from municipal waste and landfilled.
しかし乍ら、埋立て地の確保が難しく、また、プラス
チック等は腐敗しないため、地球の物質循環系を著しく
乱す、いわゆる環境破壊の要素となっていた。However, it is difficult to secure landfill sites, and plastics and the like do not decay, which significantly disturbs the earth's material circulation system, and is a factor of so-called environmental destruction.
一方、都市ごみ等を低発熱量の物質群と高発熱量の物
質群に分別し、低発熱量の物質群を燃焼させて熱媒体粒
子に熱を付与し、この熱媒体粒子を循環させて高発熱量
の物質群の熱分解を行う方法及び装置が提案されている
（特公昭60−34437号）。On the other hand, municipal solid waste is separated into a low-calorific substance group and a high-caloric substance group, and the low-calorific substance group is burned to apply heat to the heat medium particles, and the heat medium particles are circulated. A method and an apparatus for thermally decomposing a substance group having a high calorific value have been proposed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-34437).
この方法のように低発熱量の物質群と高発熱量の物質
群とに分別してから熱分解を行う方が、これらを混合し
て熱分解するよりもエネルギー回収率は高い。When the thermal decomposition is performed after being separated into a substance group having a low calorific value and a substance group having a high calorific value as in this method, the energy recovery rate is higher than the case where these are mixed and thermally decomposed.
しかし乍ら、都市ごみには種々雑多なものが含まれて
おり、これらを上記各物質群に分別することは容易では
なく、むしろ分別に多大のコストがかかり、上記方法は
分別が容易な都市ごみに限定して使用されてその効果が
得られるものであるといえる。However, municipal solid waste contains various miscellaneous things, and it is not easy to separate them into the above-mentioned respective substance groups. It can be said that the effect is obtained when used only in garbage.
なんとなれば、都市ごみには厨芥等の生ごみもある程
度含まれ、また、水分や湿気等でごみ同士が密着，絡着
し合っていることが多く、更に、プラスチック等と一体
的に結合した衣服等の縫製品やプラスチックシートと金
属シート或は紙等とがラミネートされている部材も多々
あり、これらを分別することはきわめて難しく、仮令、
乾燥後粉砕して風力選別したとしても紙とプラスチック
フィルム等は比重に大差がないので分別することは容易
ではないからである。What is important is that municipal garbage includes some garbage such as kitchen garbage, and the garbage often adheres or entangles with each other due to moisture or moisture, and is further integrated with plastic etc. There are many sewn products such as clothes and members in which a plastic sheet and a metal sheet or paper are laminated, and it is extremely difficult to separate them.
This is because even if it is crushed after drying and then subjected to wind separation, it is not easy to separate paper and plastic film because there is no great difference in specific gravity.
本発明の発明者は都市ごみ等を含め、廃棄物を類似す
る部材同士に分別することが難しい現状に鑑み、あえて
廃棄物の分別を行うことなく、また、埋立てや焼却を行
うことなく処理する方法を鋭意研究した結果本発明を完
成したのであるが、本発明の完成は、本発明の発明者に
より提案され既に出願されている特許出願（特願平１−
196503号）に係る発明、即ち、容積が嵩張るごみの保管
場所の確保が難しいことからごみが発生する場所で厨芥
等のごみを分別することなく連続的に圧搾破断し、この
圧搾破断されたごみを適宜の圧縮手段により圧縮，脱水
して小形化することを主な特徴としている発明を前提と
している。In view of the current situation where it is difficult to separate waste into similar members, including municipal waste, the inventor of the present invention disposes of waste without deliberately separating it and without landfilling or incineration. The present invention has been completed as a result of diligent research on a method for performing the above-mentioned methods. The completion of the present invention is based on a patent application proposed and filed by the inventor of the present invention (Japanese Patent Application No. Hei.
No. 196503), that is, it is difficult to secure a storage place for bulky garbage, so that garbage such as kitchen garbage is continuously crushed and crushed without being separated in a place where garbage is generated. The invention is premised on that the main feature is to reduce the size by compressing and dewatering by appropriate compression means.
而して、本発明方法の構成は、紙，プラスチック，厨
芥等を圧搾破断し圧縮脱水して固形状の雑廃棄物を形成
する前処理工程と、該工程により形成された多数の前記
廃棄物を順次移送し乍ら破砕すると共に加熱乾燥する第
１工程と、該第１工程により破砕，乾燥された廃棄物か
ら不溶物を除去した後当該廃棄物を移送し乍ら加熱溶
融，熱分解し気体及び液体として回収する第２工程と、
該第２工程における未溶融廃棄物から不溶物を除去した
後、当該廃棄物を移送し乍ら更に加熱溶融，高熱分解し
気体及び液体として回収し前記第１工程終端に接続する
第３工程から成り、前記回収した気体等により加熱され
た熱媒体を前記第３工程から第２工程を経て第１工程に
循環させることを特徴とするものであり、また、装置の
構成は、ラセン状の羽根を外周に具備する中空の回転軸
を内部に収装して形成した中空筒状管の３本以上を、各
管の前端下部側を他の管の後端上部側において連通連結
することにより多角環状管体に形成する一方、この多角
環状管体における一の管の後端部上側に雑固体廃棄物投
入部を形成すると共に、該多角環状管体における適宜部
位に気体と液体の回収部を形成し、更に、各筒状管の連
結部にて隣接する前記回転軸の端部間の少なくとも一部
位に加熱装置を介して連通して成り、該装置により加熱
された熱媒体を前記多角環状管体内で破砕される廃棄物
の移送方向と反対方向に前記回転軸の内部に循環させて
前記廃棄物を加熱溶融，熱分解等し、回収される熱分解
ガス等から得られる燃焼可能なガス，油分を前記加熱装
置の燃料として使用することを特徴とするものである。Thus, the method of the present invention comprises a pretreatment step of squeezing and breaking paper, plastic, kitchen garbage, etc., and compressing and dewatering to form solid miscellaneous waste, and a large number of the wastes formed by the step. A first step of crushing and heating and drying while sequentially transferring the waste, removing insolubles from the crushed and dried waste by the first step, and then heating and melting and thermally decomposing the waste while transferring the waste. A second step of recovering as gas and liquid;
After removing the insoluble matter from the unmelted waste in the second step, the third step of transferring the waste, further heating and melting it, thermally decomposing it, collecting it as gas and liquid, and connecting to the end of the first step Wherein the heat medium heated by the recovered gas or the like is circulated from the third step to the first step through the second step, and the structure of the apparatus is a spiral blade By connecting three or more hollow tubular tubes formed by housing a hollow rotary shaft having an outer periphery inside, and connecting the lower front end of each tube to the upper rear end of the other tube, a polygon is formed. While forming the annular tubular body, a miscellaneous solid waste input section is formed above the rear end of one of the polygonal tubular bodies, and a gas and liquid collecting section is provided at an appropriate position in the polygonal tubular body. Formed and further adjacent at the connecting portion of each tubular tube At least a portion between the ends of the rotating shaft is communicated via a heating device, and the heat medium heated by the device is turned in a direction opposite to a transfer direction of waste crushed in the polygonal annular tube. The waste is heated and melted and pyrolyzed by being circulated inside a rotating shaft, and combustible gas and oil obtained from recovered pyrolysis gas and the like are used as fuel for the heating device. Things.
圧搾破断された後圧縮，脱水され小形化された雑固体
廃棄物は、回転しているラセン状の羽根できわめて容易
に分解破砕されるので、回転軸の内部を循環している高
温の熱媒体の熱が通り易く、また、乾燥，溶解，熱分解
され易くなる。The compact solid waste that has been compressed and dewatered after being crushed is very easily decomposed and crushed by the rotating helical blades, so the high-temperature heat medium circulating inside the rotating shaft Heat easily passes through, and is easily dried, dissolved, and thermally decomposed.
また、処理経路を多角環状管体とし、この内部にて廃
棄物を移送循環させるので外部への熱の流出を防止でき
ると共に、熱媒体を廃棄物が移送される方向と反対方向
に循環させ、各工程に対応する各筒状管において、それ
ぞれ異なる気体，液体を回収することができる。Further, the processing path is a polygonal annular pipe body, and waste is transferred and circulated inside this, so that heat can be prevented from flowing out to the outside, and the heat medium is circulated in a direction opposite to the direction in which the waste is transferred, Different gases and liquids can be collected in the respective tubular tubes corresponding to the respective steps.
更に、熱媒体は外部の加熱装置により熱を付与される
が、この熱源を回収された熱分解ガスや油を燃焼させて
得ることができる。Further, heat is applied to the heat medium by an external heating device, and the heat source can be obtained by burning the recovered pyrolysis gas or oil.
次に、本発明の実施例を図に拠り説明する。 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明装置の一例の一部切開斜視図、第２図
は第１図に示した装置のシステム概略図である。FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an example of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a system schematic diagram of the apparatus shown in FIG.
図に於て、１は中空の第１筒状管、２は第２筒状管、
３は第３筒状管であり、第１筒状管１の前端下部側は第
２筒状管２の後端上部側に、第２筒状管２の前端下部側
は第３筒状管３の後端上部側に、第３筒状管３の前端下
部側は第１筒状管１の後端上部側にそれぞれ内部を連通
させて連結し、三角形の環状管体を形成している。In the figure, 1 is a hollow first tubular tube, 2 is a second tubular tube,
Reference numeral 3 denotes a third tubular tube. The lower portion of the front end of the first tubular tube 1 is located at the upper portion of the rear end of the second tubular tube 2, and the lower portion of the front end of the second tubular tube 2 is located at the lower portion of the third tubular tube. The upper part of the rear end of the third cylindrical tube 3 is connected to the lower part of the front end of the third cylindrical tube 3 by connecting the inside to the upper part of the rear end of the first cylindrical tube 1 to form a triangular annular tube. .
４は、第１筒状管１と第２筒状管２の連結筒、５は第
２筒状管２と第３筒状管３の連結筒、６は第３筒状管３
と第１筒状管１の連結筒である。4 is a connecting tube between the first tubular tube 1 and the second tubular tube 2, 5 is a connecting tube between the second tubular tube 2 and the third tubular tube 3, and 6 is a third tubular tube 3
And a connecting tube of the first tubular tube 1.
尚、中空筒状管を４本以上用いて、四角環状管体、六
角環状管体等に形成しても良い。It should be noted that four or more hollow tubular tubes may be used to form a square annular tube, a hexagonal annular tube, or the like.
７は第１筒状管１に収装されている中空の回転軸で、
外周にラセン状の羽根7aを具備し、８は同じく、第２筒
状管２に収装され外周にラセン状の羽根8aを具備する中
空の回転軸、９は第３筒状管３に収装され外周にラセン
状の羽根9aを具備する中空の回転軸である。Reference numeral 7 denotes a hollow rotary shaft housed in the first tubular tube 1,
Helical blades 7a are provided on the outer periphery, 8 is a hollow rotary shaft similarly provided in the second cylindrical tube 2 and provided with helical blades 8a on the outer periphery, and 9 is stored in the third cylindrical tube 3. It is a hollow rotating shaft equipped with a helical blade 9a on the outer periphery.
10は、第１筒状管１の後端部上側に装備した廃棄物投
入装置であり、この実施例では内部に搬送スクリュー10
aを収装した筒体の前端を筒状管１の上側に形成した開
孔に接続させている。Reference numeral 10 denotes a waste input device provided on the upper rear end of the first tubular pipe 1. In this embodiment, a conveying screw 10 is internally provided.
The front end of the cylindrical body accommodating a is connected to an opening formed on the upper side of the cylindrical tube 1.
11は中空の回転軸7,8,9の内部に循環させる熱媒体の
加熱装置であり、11aは連結筒６の外部に突出した回転
軸７の後端にシール部材等を介して回転不能に連結し加
熱装置11に接続する挿通パイプ、11bは同様に回転軸９
の前端と加熱装置11を繋ぐ挿通パイプである。Reference numeral 11 denotes a heating device for heating the heat medium circulated inside the hollow rotary shafts 7, 8, and 9. Reference numeral 11a denotes a non-rotatable rear end of the rotary shaft 7 protruding outside the connecting cylinder 6 via a seal member or the like. An insertion pipe 11b which is connected and connected to the heating device 11 is likewise a rotating shaft 9
Is an insertion pipe connecting the front end of the heating device 11 to the front end.
同様にして、回転軸７の前端と回転軸８の後端が挿通
パイプ12により繋がれている。図示しないが、回転軸８
の前端と回転軸９の後端も同様に挿通パイプで繋がって
いる。（図示せず） 尚、前記の各筒状管１〜３は、夫々に二重壁管により
形成して各二重壁部分を挿通させ、この二重壁の内部
に、加熱装置11の熱媒体を流通させるようにして加熱効
率を高めることが望ましい。また、この加熱態様に代え
て、各筒状管１〜３自体をそれらの外部から適宜加熱手
段により加熱するようにしてもよい。Similarly, the front end of the rotating shaft 7 and the rear end of the rotating shaft 8 are connected by an insertion pipe 12. Although not shown, the rotating shaft 8
And the rear end of the rotating shaft 9 are also connected by an insertion pipe. (Not shown) Each of the tubular tubes 1 to 3 is formed of a double-walled tube so that each of the double-walled portions is inserted therethrough. It is desirable to increase the heating efficiency by circulating the medium. Further, instead of this heating mode, each of the tubular tubes 1 to 3 may be appropriately heated from outside thereof by a heating means.
13は、連結筒４の外部に突出した回転軸７の前端部に
外嵌固着された歯車で、モータ14の回転力を回転軸７に
伝達する。Reference numeral 13 denotes a gear externally fitted and fixed to the front end of the rotating shaft 7 protruding outside the connecting cylinder 4, and transmits the rotating force of the motor 14 to the rotating shaft 7.
15は、同じく連結筒６の外部に突出した回転軸９の前
端部に固着された歯車で、モータ16の回転力を回転軸９
に伝達する。Reference numeral 15 denotes a gear fixed to the front end of a rotating shaft 9 which also projects to the outside of the connecting cylinder 6, and which transmits the rotating force of the motor 16 to the rotating shaft 9.
To communicate.
尚、回転軸８も同様にモータ及び歯車（図示せず）に
より回転させられる構造となっている。Incidentally, the rotating shaft 8 is similarly structured to be rotated by a motor and a gear (not shown).
連結筒4,5,6の上部にはそれぞれ逆止弁A1,A2,A3が取
付けられており、装置内で生成した気体を回収パイプ
a1,a2,a3を通してそれぞれ装置外に取出すと共に、装置
内への空気等の流入を防止している。Check valves A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 are attached to the upper parts of the connection cylinders 4, 5, and 6, respectively.
It is taken out of the apparatus through a 1 , a 2 , and a 3 , respectively, and the inflow of air and the like into the apparatus is prevented.
連結筒4,5,6の下部にはネットＮが設けられており、
このネットＮにおいてかなり重量のあるガラスや金属等
の破片，小物を取除く。A net N is provided at the lower part of the connecting cylinders 4, 5, and 6,
In this net N, pieces and small pieces of glass and metal which are quite heavy are removed.
取除かれたガラスや金属等は連結筒4,5,6の下部にそ
れぞれ設けられている貯留筒B1,B2,B3に一旦保留してお
きある程度溜ったら装置外へ排出する。The removed glass, metal, and the like are temporarily stored in storage cylinders B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 provided at the lower portions of the connection cylinders 4, 5, and 6, respectively, and discharged to the outside of the apparatus after some accumulation.
尚、装置内に外部空気が流入するのを防止するため、
連結筒4,5,6の下端部を一時的に閉塞し、貯留筒B1,B2,B
3から溜ったガラスや金属等を装置外へ排出することが
できるように遮蔽板（図示せず）を貯留筒B1,B2,B3の上
方に開閉自在に設けてある。In order to prevent external air from flowing into the device,
The lower end of the connecting tube 4, 5, 6 temporarily closed, reservoir tube B 1, B 2, B
A shield plate (not shown) is provided above the storage cylinders B 1 , B 2 , B 3 so as to be openable and closable so that the accumulated glass, metal, and the like from 3 can be discharged out of the apparatus.
C1,C2,C3は各貯留筒B1,B2,B3に接続しているパイプ
で、液状物質を回収するためのものである。C 1 , C 2 , and C 3 are pipes connected to the storage cylinders B 1 , B 2 , and B 3 for recovering liquid substances.
而して、紙，プラスチック，生ゴミ，ゴム，ガラス，
金属等の廃棄物を分別せずにそのまま圧搾破断して圧
縮，脱水し小形化した雑固体廃棄物Ｐを、順次投入装置
10により第１筒状管１の内部に投入すると、この廃棄物
Ｐは回転している羽根7aに衝当して破砕されると共に、
羽根7aがラセン状に回転軸７の外周に設けられているた
め第１筒状管１の前方、即ち、連結管４の方に移送され
る。Thus, paper, plastic, garbage, rubber, glass,
A device for sequentially charging small solid waste P which is compacted and dewatered by squeezing and breaking it as it is without separating waste such as metal.
When the waste P is put into the inside of the first tubular tube 1 by 10, the waste P collides with the rotating blade 7 a and is crushed.
Since the blades 7 a are spirally provided on the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 7, the blades 7 a are transferred to the front of the first tubular tube 1, that is, to the connecting tube 4.
雑固体廃棄物Ｐは、第１筒状管１の内部において圧縮
形成される前の状態まで完全に破砕されるとは限らない
ため、第２筒状管２へ送られ、回転しているラセン状に
設けられている羽根8aに衝当し乍らこの筒状管２の前方
に移送され、更に、第３筒状管３に送られて同様に前方
に移送される。廃棄物Ｐが移送される方向は、第２図に
おいて、実線の矢印Ｑにより示してある。The miscellaneous solid waste P is not always completely crushed to a state before being compressed and formed inside the first tubular tube 1, and thus is sent to the second tubular tube 2 and is rotated by the rotating spiral. It is transferred to the front of the tubular tube 2 while colliding with the blades 8a provided in the shape, and further sent to the third tubular tube 3 and similarly transferred to the front. The direction in which the waste P is transferred is indicated by a solid arrow Q in FIG.
破砕された廃棄物Ｐは、連結筒4,5,6において、下方
に落下し、次の筒状管に送られるが、この際、重量のあ
るガラスの破片や金属の細片或は土砂等は次の筒状管の
回転している羽根に捉えられず、そのまま落下しネット
Ｎを通過して貯留筒B1,B2,B3に溜まるようになってい
る。The crushed waste P falls downward in the connecting cylinders 4, 5, and 6 and is sent to the next cylindrical pipe. At this time, heavy glass fragments, metal fragments, earth and sand, etc. Is not caught by the rotating blades of the next cylindrical tube, but falls as it is, passes through the net N, and accumulates in the storage tubes B 1 , B 2 , B 3 .
次に、熱媒体は、加熱装置11により熱を付与された
後、挿通パイプ11bを経て回転軸９の内部前端側から後
端側に搬送され、また、挿通パイプを経て回転軸８の内
部前端側から後端側に搬送され、更に、挿通パイプ12を
経て回転軸７の内部前端側から後端側に搬送され、挿通
パイプ11aを経て加熱装置11に戻るようになっている
（第２図における破線の矢印Ｋ参照）。Next, after the heating medium is heated by the heating device 11, the heat medium is conveyed from the inner front end side of the rotary shaft 9 to the rear end side through the insertion pipe 11b, and is further transferred through the insertion pipe to the inner front end of the rotary shaft 8. From the side to the rear end side, and further from the inside front end side of the rotary shaft 7 through the insertion pipe 12 to the rear end side, and returns to the heating device 11 through the insertion pipe 11a (FIG. 2). , The dashed arrow K).
従って、第３筒状管３の内部は高熱量を付与されて高
温度になり、続く第２筒状管２の内部は若干温度が下が
り、第１筒状管１の内部は、新たな雑固体状廃棄物Ｐに
より熱が奪われかなり温度が低くなる。Therefore, the inside of the third tubular tube 3 is given a high calorific value and becomes high temperature, the temperature of the inside of the second tubular tube 2 is slightly lowered, and the inside of the first tubular tube 1 is a new one. The heat is deprived by the solid waste P and the temperature is considerably lowered.
各筒状管1,2,3の内部の温度は、投入される雑固体廃
棄物Ｐの内容や季節により適宜調節されるが、一例とし
て第１筒状管１では70〜150℃、第２筒状管２では150℃
〜250℃、第３筒状管３では250〜350℃等のように設定
することができる。The temperature inside each of the tubular tubes 1, 2, and 3 is appropriately adjusted depending on the content and season of the miscellaneous solid waste P to be charged. 150 ° C for cylindrical tube 2
250250 ° C., and 250 ° -350 ° C. for the third tubular tube 3.
上述した装置では、雑固体廃棄物Ｐを各筒状管1,2,3
においてそれぞれ独立して破砕し乍ら移送するが、第１
筒状管１では主に廃棄物Ｐを加熱乾燥し、第２筒状管で
は廃棄物Ｐを主に加熱溶融し、第３筒状管３では廃棄物
Ｐを主に熱分解させている。In the above-described apparatus, the miscellaneous solid waste P is transferred to each of the tubular tubes 1, 2, 3
In each case, they are independently crushed and transported.
The waste P is mainly heated and dried in the tubular tube 1, the waste P is mainly heated and melted in the second tubular tube, and the waste P is mainly thermally decomposed in the third tubular tube 3.
このため、第３筒状管内部の温度を550〜450℃の範囲
に設定すれば、ほぼ完全に廃棄物Ｐを熱分解，熱溶融で
きる。Therefore, if the temperature inside the third cylindrical tube is set in the range of 550 to 450 ° C., the waste P can be almost completely pyrolyzed and melted.
而して、各連結筒4,5,6の上端部からは気体を回収
し、下端部からは液状成分を回収するが、回収する気
体，液体は各連結筒4,5,6において異なってくる。Thus, the gas is recovered from the upper end of each of the connecting tubes 4, 5, and 6, and the liquid component is recovered from the lower end, but the recovered gas and liquid are different in each of the connecting tubes 4, 5, and 6. come.
即ち、連結筒４では水蒸気や窒素，二酸化炭素等がパ
イプa1から回収され、パイプC1からは軽質油分やター
ル、或は、液状の高分子物質が回収される。That is, the connecting cylinder 4, water vapor and nitrogen, carbon dioxide is recovered from the pipe a 1, light oil and tar from the pipe C 1, or a liquid polymeric material is recovered.
また、連結筒５ではパイプa2からは一酸化炭素や水素
或はメタン等が回収され、パイプC2からはタールや重質
油分が回収される。Further, the connection tube 5 in the pipe a 2 carbon monoxide and hydrogen or methane is recovered, tar and heavy oil is recovered from the pipe C 2.
更に、連結筒６では、パイプa3からは一酸化炭素や水
素或はメタンのみならず、エチレンやプロピレン等も回
収され、パイプC3からは第１筒状管１からの水や第３筒
状管３の前端部から落下する廃棄物Ｐの油分が回収され
る。Moreover, the coupling tube 6, from a pipe a 3 not only carbon monoxide and hydrogen or methane, ethylene and propylene and the like are also recovered, water and a third cylinder of the first cylindrical tube 1 from the pipe C 3 The oil component of the waste P falling from the front end of the tubular pipe 3 is collected.
尚、各連結筒4,5,6でそれぞれ回収される気体や液体
は、筒状管1,2,3内部の温度や雑固体廃棄物Ｐの構成成
分により異なり、上述の回収成分は一例にすぎない。The gas and liquid collected in each of the connecting tubes 4, 5, and 6 are different depending on the temperature inside the tubular tubes 1, 2, and 3 and the constituent components of the miscellaneous solid waste P, and the above-mentioned collected components are only examples. Only.
各連結筒4,5,6で回収した気体は、それぞれ精留装置R
1,R2,R3で精製され塩化水素や塩素、或は、イオンや窒
素の酸化物が取除かれ、燃焼用のガスX2,X3或は、燃料
油Y2,Y3となる。The gas recovered in each of the connecting tubes 4, 5, and 6 is supplied to the rectification unit R
1, R 2, R 3 in the purified hydrogen chloride or chlorine, or an oxide of ions and nitrogen is removed, the gas X 2, X 3 or fuel oil Y 2, Y 3 for combustion .
ガスX1,液体Y1は燃料としてあまり期待できないが、
廃棄物Ｐが主に、プラスチック等の合成樹脂成分である
場合には燃焼ガス或は燃料油として使用できることもあ
る。Gas X 1 and liquid Y 1 can not be expected as fuel much,
If the waste P is mainly a synthetic resin component such as plastic, it may be used as a combustion gas or fuel oil.
また、各連結筒4,5,6で回収した液体は、それぞれ分
離筒S1,S2,S3で油分，高分子物質，タール分，水分等に
分離される。Further, the liquid collected in the coupling tube 4, 5 and 6, the oil in the respective separating cylinder S 1, S 2, S 3 , polymeric materials, tar, is separated into water and the like.
尚、このうち油分は燃料油として使用でき、高分子物
質はタールといっしょに硬化させて固型燃料として使用
できるようにする。また、タール分のみを約1000℃で水
蒸気と反応させて水性ガスとし、上述した回収気体とい
っしょに燃焼ガスとしてもよい。The oil component can be used as fuel oil, and the high molecular substance is cured together with tar so that it can be used as a solid fuel. Alternatively, only the tar component may be reacted with steam at about 1000 ° C. to produce a water gas, which may be used as a combustion gas together with the above-mentioned recovered gas.
本発明では燃焼ガスX2,X3及び燃料油Y1,Y2は加熱装置
11の熱源として使用しているためエネルギー効率は高
い。尚、余剰の燃料油，燃焼ガスがある場合は発電用や
冷，暖房用等の燃料として使用することもできる。ま
た、回収気体及び液体は冷却しないと着火するおそれが
あるので、冷却水等により温度を下げるが、これにより
昇温した温水や温気体を各家庭や事業所等に供給するこ
ともできる。In the present invention, the combustion gas X 2 , X 3 and the fuel oil Y 1 , Y 2
Energy efficiency is high because it is used as 11 heat sources. If there is surplus fuel oil or combustion gas, it can be used as fuel for power generation, cooling, heating, etc. In addition, since the recovered gas and the liquid may be ignited unless cooled, the temperature is lowered by cooling water or the like. With this, the heated water or the heated gas can be supplied to each home or office.
本発明は、廃棄物を分離することなく、圧搾破断して
圧縮脱水し小形化したものをそのまま溶解，熱分解等に
よって処分することができるから、廃棄物を分別したり
する前処理工程が不要となり無駄なコストを極力消減す
ることができる。According to the present invention, a compacted material obtained by squeezing, breaking, compressing and dehydrating, and dissolving the same without dissolving or thermally decomposing the waste without separating the waste can be dispensed with, thereby eliminating the need for a pretreatment step for separating the waste. And wasteful costs can be reduced as much as possible.
また、一旦圧縮，脱水して小形化した固形状廃棄物を
再度破砕し乍ら移送させるから、各筒状管内部において
熱の伝達が極めて良く、加えて、各筒状管における役割
を、乾燥，加熱溶融，熱分解と分けたため、雑多な廃棄
物を各別に処理することができ、効率が良くなる。In addition, since the solid waste once compacted and dewatered is transferred while being crushed again, the heat transfer inside the tubular tubes is extremely good. , Heat melting, and thermal decomposition, various wastes can be separately treated, and the efficiency is improved.
更に、装置内は外部とほぼ完全に遮断されており、廃
棄物も溶融或は熱分解されるまで循環させるから新たに
投入される廃棄物も循環している廃棄物から熱を付与さ
れ、迅速に乾燥，熱溶融等される。Furthermore, the inside of the device is almost completely shut off from the outside, and the waste is circulated until it is melted or pyrolyzed. Is dried and heat-melted.
そして、回収した気体，液体に精製，分離等の操作を
加えてこれを少なくとも熱媒体の加熱装置の燃料として
利用するからエネルギー効率も高い。Then, operations such as purification and separation are performed on the recovered gas and liquid and the recovered gas and liquid are used at least as fuel for the heating device of the heat medium, so that the energy efficiency is high.
第１図は本発明装置の一例の一部切開斜視図、第２図は
第１図に示した装置のシステム概略図である。 １……第１筒状管、２……第２筒状管、３……第３筒状
管、4,5,6……連結筒、7,8,9……回転軸、7a,8a,9a……
羽根、10……投入装置、10a……搬送スクリュー、11…
…加熱装置、12……挿通パイプ、13,15……歯車、14,16
……モータ、A1,A2,A3……逆止弁、B1,B2,B3……貯留
筒、a1,a2,a3,C1,C2,C3……パイプ、R1,R2,R3……精製
筒、S1,S2,S3……分離筒、Ｐ……雑固体廃棄物FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an example of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a system schematic diagram of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 1st tubular pipe 2 2nd tubular pipe 3 3rd tubular pipe 4,5,6 ... connecting pipe 7,8,9 ... rotary shaft 7a, 8a , 9a ……
Blade, 10 Loading device, 10a Transport screw, 11
… Heating device, 12… Insertion pipe, 13,15 …… Gears, 14,16
…… Motor, A 1 , A 2 , A 3 …… Check valve, B 1 , B 2 , B 3 …… Reservoir, a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , C 1 , C 2 , C 3 …… Pipe, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 …… Purification cylinder, S 1 , S 2 , S 3 … Separation cylinder, P… Miscellaneous solid waste
フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) B09B 3/00 B09B 5/00 F23G 5/027 Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) B09B 3/00 B09B 5/00 F23G 5/027
Claims (2)
縮脱水して固形状の雑廃棄物を形成する前処理工程と、
該工程により形成された多数の前記廃棄物を順次移送し
乍ら破砕すると共に加熱乾燥する第１工程と、該第１工
程により破砕，乾燥された廃棄物から不溶物を除去した
後当該廃棄物を移送し乍ら加熱溶融，熱分解し気体及び
液体として回収する第２工程と、該第２工程における未
溶融廃棄物から不溶物を除去した後、当該廃棄物を移送
し乍ら更に加熱溶融，高熱分解し気体及び液体として回
収し前記第１工程終端に接続する第３工程から成り、前
記回収した気体等により加熱された熱媒体を前記第３工
程から第２工程を経て第１工程に循環させることを特徴
とする雑固体廃棄物の処理方法。1. A pretreatment step of squeezing paper, plastic, kitchen garbage and the like and compressing and dewatering to form solid miscellaneous waste;
A first step of crushing and heating and drying a large number of the wastes formed in the step while sequentially transferring the wastes; removing the insolubles from the crushed and dried wastes in the first step; A second step of recovering as a gas and a liquid by heating and melting and thermally decomposing while transferring the insoluble matter from the unmelted waste in the second step, and further heating and melting while transferring the waste. , A third step of recovering as a gas and a liquid by high thermal decomposition and connecting to the end of the first step, and transferring the heat medium heated by the recovered gas and the like to the first step through the second step from the third step. A method for treating miscellaneous solid waste, which is circulated.
転軸を内部に収装して形成した中空筒状管の３本以上
を、各管の前端下部側を他の管の後端上部側において連
通連結することにより多角環状管体に形成する一方、こ
の多角環状管体における一の管の後端部上側に雑固体廃
棄物投入部を形成すると共に、該多角環状管体における
適宜部位に気体と液体の回収部を形成し、更に、各筒状
管の連結部にて隣接する前記回転軸の端部間の少なくと
も一部位に加熱装置を介して連通して成り、該装置によ
り加熱された熱媒体を前記多角環状管体内で破砕される
廃棄物の移送方向と反対方向に前記回転軸の内部に循環
させて前記廃棄物を加熱溶融，熱分解等し、回収される
熱分解ガス等から得られる燃焼可能なガス，油分を前記
加熱装置の燃料として使用することを特徴とする雑固体
廃棄物の処理装置。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least three hollow cylindrical tubes formed by housing a hollow rotary shaft having spiral blades on the outer periphery thereof are formed at a lower end of a front end of each tube and a rear end of another tube. The polygonal annular pipe is formed by communicating and connecting at the upper side, and a miscellaneous solid waste input section is formed above the rear end of one of the pipes in the polygonal annular pipe. A gas and liquid recovery part is formed at the site, and further connected at least to a portion between the ends of the adjacent rotary shafts at a connection part of each cylindrical tube via a heating device, and the device is configured to The heated heat medium is circulated inside the rotary shaft in a direction opposite to the direction of transport of the waste crushed in the polygonal annular tube, and the waste is heated and melted, thermally decomposed, etc., and the recovered pyrolysis is recovered. Combustible gas or oil obtained from gas or the like is used as fuel for the heating device. Processor of miscellaneous solid wastes, characterized in that it uses.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1304828A JP2927842B2 (en) | 1989-11-27 | 1989-11-27 | Miscellaneous solid waste treatment method and apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1304828A JP2927842B2 (en) | 1989-11-27 | 1989-11-27 | Miscellaneous solid waste treatment method and apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03165883A JPH03165883A (en) | 1991-07-17 |
| JP2927842B2 true JP2927842B2 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
Family
ID=17937746
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1304828A Expired - Lifetime JP2927842B2 (en) | 1989-11-27 | 1989-11-27 | Miscellaneous solid waste treatment method and apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2927842B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108546579A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-18 | 刘贵学 | A kind of energy-saving environmental-protecting biomass fuel manufacture equipment |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0549087U (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1993-06-29 | 朗 堤 | Dust disposal / incinerator |
| CN110014013A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-07-16 | 深圳市龙澄高科技环保（集团）有限公司 | A kind of automation fruits and vegetables waste reduction processing equipment |
-
1989
- 1989-11-27 JP JP1304828A patent/JP2927842B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108546579A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-18 | 刘贵学 | A kind of energy-saving environmental-protecting biomass fuel manufacture equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03165883A (en) | 1991-07-17 |
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