JP2887025B2 - Charging method in image forming method - Google Patents

Charging method in image forming method

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Publication number
JP2887025B2
JP2887025B2 JP4189496A JP18949692A JP2887025B2 JP 2887025 B2 JP2887025 B2 JP 2887025B2 JP 4189496 A JP4189496 A JP 4189496A JP 18949692 A JP18949692 A JP 18949692A JP 2887025 B2 JP2887025 B2 JP 2887025B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
charging
image
voltage
fluctuation
electrostatic latent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP4189496A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0635374A (en
Inventor
真 柳田
孝男 本田
文弘 荒平
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Priority to JP4189496A priority Critical patent/JP2887025B2/en
Publication of JPH0635374A publication Critical patent/JPH0635374A/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は電子式複写機や静電プリ
ンタ等の画像形成方法の像担持体の帯電方法に関する、
特に感光体ドラムや誘電体ドラム、シート等を一様に帯
電する帯電手段に直流電圧による接触帯電を用いる機構
を利用する技術の応用に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for charging an image carrier in an image forming method such as an electronic copying machine or an electrostatic printer.
In particular, the present invention relates to an application of a technology using a mechanism using contact charging by a DC voltage as a charging unit for uniformly charging a photosensitive drum, a dielectric drum, a sheet, and the like.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】一般的な画像形成装置は導電基板上に光
導電層を設けてなる感光体ドラム上に一様帯電を施し像
露光を照射することにより静電潜像を形成する、静電潜
像は現像装置により現像剤で顕画像化され、感光体ドラ
ム上の現像剤像は転写装置により搬送されてきた転写材
に転写される。転写材は更に定着装置まで搬送されて定
着装置により現像剤が転写材に定着される。
2. Description of the Related Art A general image forming apparatus forms an electrostatic latent image by uniformly charging a photosensitive drum having a photoconductive layer provided on a conductive substrate and irradiating the photosensitive drum with image exposure. The latent image is visualized with a developer by a developing device, and the developer image on the photosensitive drum is transferred to a transfer material conveyed by a transfer device. The transfer material is further transported to a fixing device, and the developer is fixed on the transfer material by the fixing device.

【0003】また、感光体ドラムは次の画像形成行程に
備えてクリーニング装置により残留現像剤が除去され、
前露光装置により電位の揺らぎがリセットされる。
Further, the photosensitive drum is cleaned of residual developer by a cleaning device in preparation for the next image forming process.
The fluctuation of the potential is reset by the pre-exposure device.

【0004】このような画像形成装置において従来から
広く使われている帯電装置にはスコロトロン帯電器など
の空間イオン化放電を利用したものが広く用いられてお
り、放電ワイヤーから発生した空間電流を感光体ドラム
に付与することにより帯電を行っている。
In such an image forming apparatus, a charging apparatus which utilizes a spatial ionization discharge such as a scorotron charger has been widely used in the past, and a spatial current generated from a discharge wire is used as a photosensitive member. Charging is performed by applying the toner to the drum.

【0005】現在では電子写真装置では、接触帯電方
式、即ちローラやブレード、ブラシ等の帯電部材を直接
感光体に接触させ帯電部材に帯電電圧を印加して感光体
を一様帯電する方式がある。
At present, in an electrophotographic apparatus, there is a contact charging system, that is, a system in which a charging member such as a roller, a blade or a brush is brought into direct contact with a photosensitive member and a charging voltage is applied to the charging member to uniformly charge the photosensitive member. .

【0006】この直接帯電方式において特に帯電部材に
対する帯電電圧に直流電圧を用いる場合、コロナ帯電方
式に比べ低電流低電圧で帯電が達成でき、発生するオゾ
ン量を極めて低減することができる。
In the direct charging system, particularly when a DC voltage is used as the charging voltage for the charging member, charging can be achieved with a lower current and a lower voltage than in the corona charging system, and the amount of ozone generated can be extremely reduced.

【0007】しかし、実用にあたって印加電圧の微妙な
変動が帯電電位のむらとして現われてしまうことが、本
願の発明者により確認されるに到った。
[0007] However, the inventors of the present application have confirmed that subtle variations in applied voltage appear as irregularities in charging potential in practical use.

【0008】[0008]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】帯電用の印加電圧とし
て直流定電圧を用いると、高圧電源の定電圧制御は一般
に定電圧値に対して変動の幅を持っている。
When a DC constant voltage is used as an applied voltage for charging, constant voltage control of a high-voltage power supply generally has a range of fluctuation with respect to a constant voltage value.

【0009】この帯電電圧の変動はコロナ帯電の場合に
は、感光体上での電位の一様性を崩す程の変動幅ではな
いが、感光体と帯電部材が直接接触させて行なう接触帯
電方式では、電圧変動が即座に表面電位の変動として現
れ、その結果、現像による画像上に濃度の縞模様が出て
しまう問題がある。
In the case of corona charging, the fluctuation of the charging voltage is not large enough to break the uniformity of the potential on the photosensitive member, but the contact charging method in which the photosensitive member is brought into direct contact with the charging member. In this case, there is a problem that the voltage fluctuation immediately appears as a fluctuation in the surface potential, and as a result, a stripe pattern of the density appears on the developed image.

【0010】[0010]

【課題を解決するための手段】前述したような電位むら
を接触帯電系で防止するためには、印加電圧の変動幅を
制御して感光体上の電位分布の幅が画像形成装置の現像
特性に応じた特有の電位差以内になるようにする。即
ち、帯電電圧のノイズの振動波f[Hz]と、像担持体
の回転の周速度v[mm/s]との関係が次式 f/v≧4 の関係となるようにすることにし、電位変動が原因とな
る画像に対する悪影響を最小限に抑えることで良好な画
像を得るようにする。
In order to prevent the above-mentioned potential non-uniformity by the contact charging system, the width of the applied voltage is controlled so that the width of the potential distribution on the photosensitive member is controlled by the developing characteristic of the image forming apparatus. Within a specific potential difference corresponding to the above. That is, the relationship between the vibration wave f [Hz] of the noise of the charging voltage and the peripheral speed v [mm / s] of the rotation of the image carrier is set to satisfy the following formula: f / v ≧ 4. A favorable image is obtained by minimizing an adverse effect on an image caused by potential fluctuation.

【0011】なお、本発明の接触する帯電部材とは、密
着、圧着の他に軽圧での接触や数μ〜数100μの微小
間隙での対向状態も含むものである。また、帯電の対象
としては電子写真感光体や誘電体、或いは絶縁体の如く
電荷を保持する特性をもつものであれば良い。更に、こ
のような電位分布のむらを生じる原稿としては、帯電部
材に印加する電圧を定電圧化するフィードバック回路に
おいて生じる帯電変動に起因して生じるものが一般的で
ある。
The contacting charging member of the present invention includes, in addition to close contact and pressure bonding, contact under light pressure and an opposing state in a minute gap of several μm to several hundred μm. The object to be charged may be any object having a characteristic of retaining electric charges, such as an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a dielectric, or an insulator. Further, as a document which causes such unevenness of the potential distribution, a document which is generally generated due to a charging fluctuation generated in a feedback circuit for making a voltage applied to a charging member constant is given.

【0012】[0012]

【実施例】【Example】

(実施例1)図1に本発明を適用した電子写真システム
の概略を示す。1はOPC感光層を用いた電子写真感光
体ドラム、2は現像装置、3は転写装置、4はクリーニ
ング装置、5は定着装置、11は帯電装置の帯電部材で
ある帯電ローラーである。
(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 schematically shows an electrophotographic system to which the present invention is applied. 1 is an electrophotographic photosensitive drum using an OPC photosensitive layer, 2 is a developing device, 3 is a transfer device, 4 is a cleaning device, 5 is a fixing device, and 11 is a charging roller as a charging member of a charging device.

【0013】図の装置において、帯電のための電圧とし
て−1500Vが不図示の高圧電源から帯電ローラーに
印加される。本例で使用した現像装置の現像特性を図3
に示し、コントラスト電位と現像濃度の関係を図示する
ものである。従来の問題の濃度むらは主に、中間調領域
で際だつものであり、それは現像特性で傾きの大きい領
域に対応する。この中間調領域での傾きの度合いを表す
のがγであり、このγは中間調(主に濃度が0.2から
0.8の領域)での10V当たりの濃度変化を示すもの
である。この図2においてはこのγは計算すると0.0
65である。
In the apparatus shown in the figure, -1500 V is applied to a charging roller from a high-voltage power supply (not shown) as a voltage for charging. FIG. 3 shows the developing characteristics of the developing device used in this example.
2 shows the relationship between the contrast potential and the development density. The conventional problem of uneven density is mainly noticeable in the halftone region, which corresponds to a region having a large inclination in the developing characteristics. The degree of inclination in the halftone area is represented by γ, which indicates the change in density per 10 V in the halftone (mainly in the range of density of 0.2 to 0.8). In FIG. 2, this γ is calculated as 0.0
65.

【0014】帯電電圧の変動幅(Peak to pe
ak)が60Vあると、ダーク(暗部)電位はほぼ帯電
電圧と同じ変動幅のほぼ60Vで、中間調電位は感光体
ドラムの回転移動にともなう時間の経過により電位が減
衰し、この変動幅が半分の30V程度になる。
The fluctuation range of the charging voltage (Peak to pepe)
ak) of 60 V, the dark (dark portion) potential has a fluctuation width of about 60 V, which is almost the same as the charging voltage, and the halftone potential attenuates with the passage of time accompanying the rotational movement of the photosensitive drum. It becomes about 30V which is half.

【0015】中間調領域で濃度むらの濃淡の差(反射濃
度値)が実質的に0.1未満、更に望ましくは0.08
未満の値になると換算できるならば、おおよそ濃度むら
は目立たない。そして、この実施例の現像結果による
と、γ=0.065に設定されているので、中間調電位
で12V以下、即ち帯電電圧の変動幅を24V以下に帯
電電圧の変動幅を抑えれば良好な画像が得られる。な
お、反射濃度の測定において、測定装置にはマクベス社
製の製品名「RD914」による。
In the halftone area, the difference in density unevenness (reflection density value) is substantially less than 0.1, and more preferably 0.08.
If the value can be converted to a value less than the above, the density unevenness is less noticeable. According to the development result of this embodiment, since γ is set to 0.065, it is preferable that the fluctuation width of the charging voltage is suppressed to 12 V or less at the halftone potential, that is, the fluctuation width of the charging voltage to 24 V or less. Image is obtained. In the measurement of the reflection density, the product name “RD914” manufactured by Macbeth was used as the measuring device.

【0016】本例では余裕を持って20Vに変動が収ま
るようにした。その結果、濃度むらの濃淡の差は最大
0.065であった。
In this embodiment, the fluctuation is set to 20 V with a margin. As a result, the maximum difference in density unevenness was 0.065.

【0017】(実施例2)基本的な構成は実施例1と同
じである。本例では現像装置の現像特性の1つの図1に
本発明を適用した電子写真システムの概略を示す。1は
感光体ドラム、2は現像装置、3は転写装置、4はクリ
ーニング装置、5は定着装置、11は帯電装置の帯電部
材である帯電ローラーである。
(Embodiment 2) The basic configuration is the same as that of Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, one of the developing characteristics of the developing device is schematically shown in FIG. 1 of an electrophotographic system to which the present invention is applied. 1 is a photosensitive drum, 2 is a developing device, 3 is a transfer device, 4 is a cleaning device, 5 is a fixing device, and 11 is a charging roller which is a charging member of a charging device.

【0018】帯電のための電圧として−1800Vが不
図示の高圧電源から帯電ローラー11に印加される。ま
た、感光体ドラムの周速度であるプロセススピードvは
200mm/secである。
A voltage of -1800 V is applied to the charging roller 11 from a high voltage power source (not shown) as a voltage for charging. The process speed v, which is the peripheral speed of the photosensitive drum, is 200 mm / sec.

【0019】本例では現像特性のγが0.08で、中間
調濃度の反射濃度の変動幅をこの0.08に抑えるため
には、帯電電圧の変動幅を20V以内にする必要がある
が、帯電電圧が大きいのでこの変動幅を20V以内にす
るということは、変動幅を出力の±0.55%にすると
いうことであるから、電源の電気的な精度が要求され、
コストの上昇が必然となる。
In this embodiment, the developing characteristic γ is 0.08, and in order to suppress the fluctuation range of the reflection density of the halftone density to 0.08, it is necessary to keep the fluctuation range of the charging voltage within 20 V. Since the charging voltage is large, setting the variation range within 20 V means that the variation range is within ± 0.55% of the output, so that electrical accuracy of the power supply is required.
Increased costs are inevitable.

【0020】出力変動幅を±1.0%とすると中間調濃
度の変動幅は0.144で若干大きめであるが高圧回路
の構造上より安価であり、設計も簡易である。
Assuming that the output fluctuation range is ± 1.0%, the fluctuation range of the halftone density is slightly larger at 0.144, but it is cheaper than the structure of the high voltage circuit, and the design is simple.

【0021】そこで本例では出力変動幅は±1%のまま
でノイズ(定電圧制御の周期で発生する電圧変動)の周
波数fを800Hzになるように高圧電源のフィードバ
ック回路を設計した。即ち、f/v=4である。
Therefore, in this embodiment, the feedback circuit of the high-voltage power supply is designed so that the frequency f of noise (voltage fluctuation generated in the period of constant voltage control) becomes 800 Hz while the output fluctuation width remains ± 1%. That is, f / v = 4.

【0022】f/vは1mm当たりの濃度変動の縞の数
を表すもので、この値が大きいほど濃度変動が目立たな
くなる。
F / v represents the number of stripes of density fluctuation per 1 mm. The larger this value is, the less noticeable the density fluctuation is.

【0023】濃度変動が0.3以内のときは f/v≧
4 とすることにより濃度変動のピッチが細かくなるた
め実際の中間調領域でも画像としては、みかけ上は均一
濃度の画像が得られる。
When the concentration fluctuation is within 0.3, f / v ≧
By setting the value to 4, the density fluctuation pitch becomes finer, so that even in an actual halftone area, an apparently uniform density image can be obtained.

【0024】このように本例においては出力変動幅を±
1%で設定すると共に、変動を生むノイズの周波数をプ
ロセススピードの4倍に設定することで、出力に表われ
る上記ノイズに起因する画像への悪影響を最小限にとど
めたところ良好な画像を得た。
As described above, in this embodiment, the output fluctuation width is ±
By setting it at 1% and setting the frequency of the noise that causes fluctuation to four times the process speed, a good image is obtained when the adverse effect on the image caused by the noise appearing in the output is minimized. Was.

【0025】(実施例3)図3に本発明を適用した電子
写真システムの概略を示す。1は感光体ドラム、2は現
像装置、3は転写装置、4はクリーニング装置、5は定
着装置、11は帯電装置の帯電部材である帯電ブレード
である。
(Embodiment 3) FIG. 3 schematically shows an electrophotographic system to which the present invention is applied. 1 is a photosensitive drum, 2 is a developing device, 3 is a transfer device, 4 is a cleaning device, 5 is a fixing device, and 11 is a charging blade which is a charging member of a charging device.

【0026】前実施例では従動ローラーを用いている
が、本実施例でブレードを用いるのは本実施例が出力枚
数の比較的少ない低枚数機であるからで、感光体ドラム
の耐久枚数がローラーに比して少ない。しかしその反
面、安価な機械を提供することが出来るので低枚数機に
向いているからである。
Although the driven roller is used in the previous embodiment, the blade is used in this embodiment because the present embodiment is a low-number machine having a relatively small number of output sheets. Less than. On the other hand, on the other hand, it is possible to provide an inexpensive machine, so that it is suitable for a low-number machine.

【0027】本実施例は感光体ドラムの径が30mmで
幅20mmで厚さ3mmの帯電ブレードが圧接されてい
る。
In this embodiment, a charging blade having a diameter of the photosensitive drum of 30 mm, a width of 20 mm and a thickness of 3 mm is pressed.

【0028】帯電のための電圧として−1450Vが不
図示の高圧電源から帯電ブレード12に印加される。
A voltage of -1450 V is applied to the charging blade 12 from a high-voltage power supply (not shown) as a voltage for charging.

【0029】本例では感光体ドラムの周速度であるプロ
セススピードvが80mm/secで現像特性のγが
0.07で中間調濃度の変動幅を0.1に抑えるために
は出力変動を±1%ででき、またノイズ周波数を500
Hzにするだけでf/v=6.25とでき、上記実施例
2と同様に画像への電位変動の影響も最小限にとどめら
れた。
In this embodiment, in order to suppress the fluctuation width of the halftone density to 0.1 in the case where the process speed v, which is the peripheral speed of the photosensitive drum, is 80 mm / sec, the γ of the development characteristic is 0.07, and the fluctuation width of the halftone density is 0.1, 1% and the noise frequency is 500
It was possible to set f / v = 6.25 only by setting to Hz, and the effect of the potential fluctuation on the image was minimized as in the case of Example 2 above.

【0030】[0030]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように帯電手段に印加する
帯電電圧の変動幅を押えて感光体上の帯電電位の変動幅
を現像装置の現像特性に応じた範囲で制御し、または出
力変動のノイズの周波数をプロセススピードに対して所
定の範囲になるようにして電位変動が原因する画像への
悪影響を与えなくすることができる。
As described above, the fluctuation width of the charging voltage applied to the charging means is suppressed to control the fluctuation width of the charging potential on the photosensitive member within a range corresponding to the developing characteristics of the developing device, or to control the fluctuation of the output. By setting the frequency of the noise within a predetermined range with respect to the process speed, it is possible to prevent an adverse effect on the image due to the potential fluctuation.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】実施例1、2の構成の概略を示す図。FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of first and second embodiments.

【図2】実施例1の現像特性を表す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating development characteristics of Example 1.

【図3】実施例3の構成の概略を示す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a third embodiment.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 感光体ドラム 2 現像器 3 転写装置 4 クリーニング装置 5 定着器 11 帯電ローラー 12 帯電ブレード REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 photoconductor drum 2 developing device 3 transfer device 4 cleaning device 5 fixing device 11 charging roller 12 charging blade

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平3−101765(JP,A) 特開 平4−367884(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) G03G 13/02 G03G 15/02 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-3-101765 (JP, A) JP-A-4-367884 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) G03G 13/02 G03G 15/02

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 静電潜像を担持する感光体を有し、該感
光体の表面を一様帯電するために直流電圧を印加した帯
電部材を用いた帯電装置を有し、像露光を照射して静電
潜像を形成する像露光手段を有し、該静電潜像を現像す
る現像装置により画像を形成する画像形成方法におい
て、帯電のための電圧を定電圧化する際に生じる電圧変
動に起因する帯電された感光体上の電位分布の変動幅
が、画像形成装置の現像特性に応じた特有の電位差以内
になるように、感光体に接触する帯電部材に印加する電
圧を設定することを特徴とする帯電方法。
1. A charging device having a photosensitive member carrying an electrostatic latent image, and a charging device using a charging member to which a DC voltage is applied in order to uniformly charge the surface of the photosensitive member, irradiating image exposure. In an image forming method for forming an image with a developing device that develops the electrostatic latent image by forming an image exposing unit that forms an electrostatic latent image, a voltage generated when a voltage for charging is made constant. The voltage applied to the charging member in contact with the photoconductor is set so that the fluctuation range of the potential distribution on the charged photoconductor due to the fluctuation is within a specific potential difference corresponding to the developing characteristics of the image forming apparatus. A charging method, comprising:
【請求項2】 静電潜像を担持する感光体を有し、該感
光体の表面を一様帯電するために直流電圧を印加した帯
電部材を用いた帯電装置を有し、像露光を照射して静電
潜像を形成する像露光手段を有し、該静電潜像を現像す
る現像装置により画像を形成する画像形成方法におい
て、感光体に接触する帯電部材に印加する帯電電圧のノ
イズの振動波f[Hz]と感光体の表面の移動速度v
[mm/s]との関係が次式 f/v≧4 の関係となるように感光体に接触する帯電部材に印加す
る電圧を設定することを特徴とする帯電方法。
2. A charging device comprising a photosensitive member carrying an electrostatic latent image, and a charging device using a charging member to which a DC voltage is applied in order to uniformly charge the surface of the photosensitive member, irradiating the image exposure. An image exposure means for forming an electrostatic latent image by forming an image by a developing device for developing the electrostatic latent image, wherein a noise of a charging voltage applied to a charging member in contact with the photoreceptor is provided. Vibration wave f [Hz] and the moving speed v of the surface of the photoreceptor
A charging method comprising: setting a voltage applied to a charging member that comes into contact with a photoreceptor such that the relationship with [mm / s] satisfies the following expression: f / v ≧ 4.
JP4189496A 1992-07-16 1992-07-16 Charging method in image forming method Expired - Fee Related JP2887025B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4189496A JP2887025B2 (en) 1992-07-16 1992-07-16 Charging method in image forming method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4189496A JP2887025B2 (en) 1992-07-16 1992-07-16 Charging method in image forming method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0635374A JPH0635374A (en) 1994-02-10
JP2887025B2 true JP2887025B2 (en) 1999-04-26

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ID=16242250

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4189496A Expired - Fee Related JP2887025B2 (en) 1992-07-16 1992-07-16 Charging method in image forming method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2887025B2 (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0635374A (en) 1994-02-10

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