JP2865332B2 - Projection display device - Google Patents

Projection display device

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Publication number
JP2865332B2
JP2865332B2 JP28824989A JP28824989A JP2865332B2 JP 2865332 B2 JP2865332 B2 JP 2865332B2 JP 28824989 A JP28824989 A JP 28824989A JP 28824989 A JP28824989 A JP 28824989A JP 2865332 B2 JP2865332 B2 JP 2865332B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
light
liquid crystal
display device
tft
spacer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP28824989A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH03148637A (en
Inventor
進 大今
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanyo Denki Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanyo Denki Co Ltd
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Priority to JP28824989A priority Critical patent/JP2865332B2/en
Publication of JPH03148637A publication Critical patent/JPH03148637A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2865332B2 publication Critical patent/JP2865332B2/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (イ)産業上の利用分野 本発明は投射型表示装置に関し、特に高精細の液晶パ
ネルをライトバルブとして用いる投射型表示装置の構成
に関するものである。
The present invention relates to a projection display device, and more particularly to a configuration of a projection display device using a high-definition liquid crystal panel as a light valve.

(ロ)従来の技術 薄膜トランジスタ(TFT)を用いた直視型液晶表示装
置においてはTFTの遮光に注意が払われてきた。
(B) Conventional technology In a direct-view type liquid crystal display device using a thin film transistor (TFT), attention has been paid to light shielding of the TFT.

例えば、液晶パネル内において、TFTの上または下に
金属製遮光膜を設けたり(特開昭56−140321号公報)、
TFT上に絶縁膜を介して遮光膜を設けたり(特開昭56−1
40321号公報)、液晶パネル外において、TFT基板側の外
面に遮光膜を設けたりしていた(特開昭61−11788号公
報)。
For example, in a liquid crystal panel, a metal light-shielding film is provided above or below a TFT (JP-A-56-140321),
A light-shielding film may be provided on a TFT via an insulating film (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
No. 40321), and a light shielding film is provided on the outer surface of the TFT substrate outside the liquid crystal panel (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-11788).

このような直視型液晶表示装置におけるTFTの遮光は
重要であったが、液晶層の厚さを制御するフィラーなど
のスペーサが目視されることはほとんどなかった。
Although the light shielding of the TFT in such a direct-view type liquid crystal display device was important, spacers such as fillers for controlling the thickness of the liquid crystal layer were hardly seen.

しかるに、TFTを使用した直視型液晶表示装置で量産
できる大きさは未だにA4程度に留まっていた。
However, the size that can be mass-produced with a direct-view type liquid crystal display device using a TFT was still only about A4.

そこで直視型液晶表示装置の他に投射型液晶表示装置
が考えられ、表示画面を格段に大きくすることが可能に
なった。
In view of this, a projection type liquid crystal display device has been considered in addition to the direct-view type liquid crystal display device, and it has become possible to make the display screen much larger.

液晶パネルをライトバルブとして用いた従来の投射型
表示装置の構成を第3図に示す(特開昭62−133424号公
報)。
FIG. 3 shows the configuration of a conventional projection display device using a liquid crystal panel as a light valve (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-133424).

光源(31)からの光は反射鏡(32)及び集光レンズ
(33)で平行光にされた後、青(B)の光のみ反射する
ダイクロイックミラー(34)、緑(G)の光のみ反射す
るダイクロイックミラー(34)により赤(R)、緑
(G)、青(B)の光に分光され、それぞれ3枚の液晶
パネル(35)に入射される。
The light from the light source (31) is collimated by the reflecting mirror (32) and the condensing lens (33), then the dichroic mirror (34) that reflects only the blue (B) light, and only the green (G) light The reflected dichroic mirror (34) splits the light into red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light, and enters each of the three liquid crystal panels (35).

3枚の液晶パネルではそれぞれR、G、Bの各色に対
応した映像が再生されており、各パネルで空間的な変調
を受けた後、2枚のミラー(36)と2枚のダイクロイッ
クミラー(34)で合成され投射レンズ(37)によりスク
リーン上に投影される。
Images corresponding to the respective colors of R, G, and B are reproduced on the three liquid crystal panels, respectively, and after being spatially modulated by each panel, two mirrors (36) and two dichroic mirrors ( 34) are combined and projected on a screen by a projection lens (37).

第4図に従来の液晶パネルの要部断面図を示す。 FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part of a conventional liquid crystal panel.

第4図ではスイッチング素子としてTFTを用いたアク
ティブマトリクス型液晶パネルを示した。
FIG. 4 shows an active matrix type liquid crystal panel using TFTs as switching elements.

(40)はガラス基板であり、その上にTFT(41)が形
成される。
(40) is a glass substrate on which a TFT (41) is formed.

ITOからなる画素電極(42)はTFT(41)に接続され、
これらの上には配向膜(図示せず)が形成される。
The pixel electrode (42) made of ITO is connected to the TFT (41),
An alignment film (not shown) is formed on these.

このTFT基板とガラス基板(43)上にITOからなる対向
電極(44)、配向膜(図示せず)を形成した対極基板を
数μmの間隔で対向させその間に液晶(45)が挟持され
ている。
The TFT substrate and the counter electrode (44) made of ITO on a glass substrate (43) and a counter electrode substrate formed with an alignment film (not shown) are opposed at intervals of several μm, and a liquid crystal (45) is sandwiched between them. I have.

(46)はTFT基板と対極基板の間隔を保持するための
スペーサである。
(46) is a spacer for maintaining a space between the TFT substrate and the counter electrode substrate.

またこれらの基板の外側には偏光軸を互いに平行とし
た偏光板(47)、(48)が設けられている。
Polarizing plates (47) and (48) having polarizing axes parallel to each other are provided outside these substrates.

TFT、対極両基板の配向膜は互いに90度の角度をもっ
て配向処理され従って液晶分子は2枚の基板間で90度ね
じれた配向をする。
The alignment films of the TFT and counter electrode substrates are aligned at an angle of 90 degrees to each other, so that the liquid crystal molecules are twisted by 90 degrees between the two substrates.

対極基板からTFT基板に光が通過する場合、電圧無印
加時は偏光板(48)を通過して直線偏光となった光は90
度旋光されるため、出射側の偏光板(47)を通過できな
いが、電圧印加時は液晶分子は電界方向に再配列し旋光
性が小さくなるため光が透過するようになる。
When light passes from the counter electrode substrate to the TFT substrate, when no voltage is applied, 90% of the light that passes through the polarizing plate (48) and becomes linearly polarized light
Because of the optical rotation, it cannot pass through the polarizing plate (47) on the emission side, but when a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are rearranged in the direction of the electric field and the optical rotation is reduced, so that light is transmitted.

すなわち画素電極(42)に印加される電圧に応じて光
の透過量を制御する事ができる。
That is, the amount of transmitted light can be controlled according to the voltage applied to the pixel electrode (42).

液晶パネルでは各画素ごとに光の透過量を制御するこ
とにより映像を再生することが可能となる。
In a liquid crystal panel, an image can be reproduced by controlling the amount of transmitted light for each pixel.

しかし前記スペーサ(46)で散乱した光は偏光が変化
するため、又スペーサ(46)の回りでは液晶の配向が乱
されているため、これらの光は電圧無印加時にも漏れる
ことになる。
However, the light scattered by the spacer (46) changes its polarization, and the orientation of the liquid crystal around the spacer (46) is disturbed, so that these lights leak even when no voltage is applied.

投射型表示装置では前述のように液晶パネルの映像が
スクリーン上に拡大表示されるが鮮明な表示を得るため
には3枚の液晶パネルの各画素がスクリーン上で完全に
一致することはもとより、画素間のにじみをなくすため
に焦点面を画素電極(42)面に合わせることが必要とな
るが、この場合スペーサ(46)によって漏れた光もスク
リーン上に像を結ぶことになる。
In the projection type display device, as described above, the image of the liquid crystal panel is enlarged and displayed on the screen. However, in order to obtain a clear display, not only that the pixels of the three liquid crystal panels completely match on the screen, but also In order to eliminate bleeding between pixels, it is necessary to adjust the focal plane to the surface of the pixel electrode (42). In this case, light leaked by the spacer (46) also forms an image on the screen.

この様子を第5図に示す。 This is shown in FIG.

第5図においてTFT基板(51)と対向基板(52)間に
液晶(53)が挟持されている。
In FIG. 5, a liquid crystal (53) is sandwiched between a TFT substrate (51) and a counter substrate (52).

TFT基板(51)上の画素電極(54)を通過した透過光
(55)は投射レンズ(56)によってスクリーン(57)に
投影される。
The transmitted light (55) passing through the pixel electrode (54) on the TFT substrate (51) is projected on a screen (57) by a projection lens (56).

液晶(53)中にスペーサ(58)があり、スペーサ(5
8)からの散乱光(59)はスクリーン(57)上の透過光
(55)の非照射部分にも投影される。
There is a spacer (58) in the liquid crystal (53).
The scattered light (59) from 8) is also projected on the non-irradiated part of the transmitted light (55) on the screen (57).

拡大投射されたこのスペーサの像は輝点として目視が
可能であり、画質の低下を招くことになる。
The enlarged and projected image of the spacer can be visually observed as a luminescent spot, resulting in a decrease in image quality.

(ハ)発明が解決しようとする課題 液晶パネルの2枚の基板間の間隔(以下セルギャップ
と呼ぶ)は表示特性は大きく変化するためセルギャップ
が液晶パネルの面内で変化した場合表示にむらが生じ画
質を著しく低下させる。
(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The display characteristics of the distance between the two substrates of the liquid crystal panel (hereinafter referred to as cell gap) greatly change, and the display becomes uneven when the cell gap changes in the plane of the liquid crystal panel. Is caused and image quality is remarkably deteriorated.

従ってセルギャップを制御するスペーサの存在は重要
であり、面内に均一に又その密度も1画素に数個程度必
要である。
Therefore, the existence of the spacer for controlling the cell gap is important, and it is necessary that the spacer be uniform in the plane and have a density of several per pixel.

従来例で述べた理由によりこれらのスペーサから漏れ
た光はスクリーン上に像を結びこれが輝点として視認さ
れるため画質の低下をまねく。
Light leaked from these spacers forms an image on the screen for the reason described in the conventional example, and this is visually recognized as a luminescent spot, which leads to deterioration in image quality.

この像を広げ輝点として目視されないよう焦点面を画
素電極からずらすことも可能であるが、この場合画素間
のにじみが生じ良好な映像を得ることができない。
Although it is possible to shift the focal plane from the pixel electrode so that this image is not spread and seen as a bright point, in this case, bleeding between pixels occurs and a good image cannot be obtained.

本発明の目的は遮光膜に焦点を合わせることで鮮明な
投射画像を得て、かつスペーサからの散乱光の効率的な
除去によりコントラストの高い均一な投射画像を得るこ
とにある。
It is an object of the present invention to obtain a clear projected image by focusing on a light shielding film, and to obtain a uniform projected image with high contrast by efficiently removing scattered light from a spacer.

(ニ)課題を解決するための手段 本発明は、2枚の基板間に液晶を挟持した液晶表示パ
ネルを備えた投写型表示装置において、前記2枚の基板
間に、両基板の間隔を保持するためのスペーサを設ける
と共に、出射側に位置する基板の外側の面にマトリクス
状の遮光層を設け、投射時の焦点面をこの遮光層に合わ
せるよう構成したことをその要旨とする。
(D) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a projection type display device having a liquid crystal display panel in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between two substrates, wherein a distance between the two substrates is maintained between the two substrates. In addition, the gist of the present invention is to provide a configuration in which a spacer is provided, and a matrix-shaped light-shielding layer is provided on the outer surface of the substrate located on the emission side, so that the focal plane at the time of projection is adjusted to the light-shielding layer.

(ホ)作用 投射型表示装置のライトバルブに本発明の液晶パネル
を持ちいれば、スクリーンへの投射時の焦点面を出射側
の基板の外側に設けた遮光層に合わせることによりスペ
ーサ付近からの漏れ光の像は広がるため目視できず、し
かも画素間のにじみのない良好な表示を得ることができ
る。
(E) Function If the liquid crystal panel of the present invention is provided in the light valve of the projection display device, the focal plane at the time of projection onto the screen is adjusted to the light shielding layer provided outside the substrate on the emission side, thereby reducing the distance from the vicinity of the spacer. Since the image of the leaked light spreads, it cannot be seen, and a good display without blur between pixels can be obtained.

(ヘ)実施例 第1図に本発明の一実施例の液晶パネル要部断面図、
第2図に本発明の一実施例の液晶パネルの平面図を示
す。
(F) Embodiment FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an essential part of a liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a liquid crystal panel according to one embodiment of the present invention.

本実施例が従来例と異なるところはTFTを形成した基
板のTFTとは反対側に画素電極と同程度面積の開口部を
持つマトリクス状の遮光層を設けたことにあり、その他
の構成法、材料は従来と同じでよい。
This embodiment is different from the conventional example in that a matrix-shaped light-shielding layer having an opening having approximately the same area as the pixel electrode is provided on the opposite side of the TFT on the substrate on which the TFT is formed. The material may be the same as before.

第1図でガラス基板(10)にTFT(11)、画素電極(1
2)等が形成され、裏面にはマトリクス状のクロム等か
らなる遮光層(19)が設けられている。光は対向電極等
を設けた対向基板から入射し、画素電極(12)と同一位
置に、ほぼ同一面積の開口部を持つ遮光層から出射され
る。
In FIG. 1, a TFT (11) and a pixel electrode (1
2) and the like are formed, and a light-shielding layer (19) made of matrix chrome or the like is provided on the back surface. Light enters from a counter substrate provided with a counter electrode and the like, and is emitted from a light shielding layer having an opening having substantially the same area at the same position as the pixel electrode (12).

本発明の液晶パネルを投射型表示装置に用いた場合、
焦点面を遮光層(19)にあわせることにより、遮光層
(19)の開口部での像がスクリーン上に投影されること
になり、スペーサ(16)による漏れ光はスクリーン上で
広がるために目視できない。
When the liquid crystal panel of the present invention is used in a projection display device,
By adjusting the focal plane to the light-shielding layer (19), the image at the opening of the light-shielding layer (19) is projected on the screen, and the light leaked by the spacer (16) spreads on the screen and is visually observed. Can not.

しかも投射型表示装置ではパネルへの入射光はほぼ平
行光であり、画素電極を通過した光がそのまま遮光層
(19)の開口部に達するため画素間のにじみも生じな
い。
Moreover, in the projection display device, the light incident on the panel is almost parallel light, and the light passing through the pixel electrode reaches the opening of the light-shielding layer (19) as it is, so that there is no bleeding between pixels.

また、光により発熱を伴う投射型表示装置において熱
伝導率の小さいガラス基板上に熱伝導率の大きな金属膜
(数百倍)を設けることによりLCDの放熱特性を向上さ
せることができる。
Further, in a projection display device that generates heat by light, the heat dissipation characteristics of the LCD can be improved by providing a metal film having a large thermal conductivity (several hundred times) on a glass substrate having a small thermal conductivity.

本実施例では遮光層をTFT基板側に設けたが、光の透
過側が対向基板側の場合は対向基板側に遮光層を設けて
もよい。
In this embodiment, the light shielding layer is provided on the TFT substrate side. However, when the light transmission side is on the counter substrate side, the light shielding layer may be provided on the counter substrate side.

(ト)効果 本発明にあっては、液晶表示パネルの2枚の基板間隔
を保持するためのスペーサによって生じる漏れ光による
輝点が目視されないばかりでなく、画素間のにじみのな
い良好な表示を得ることができる。
(G) Effect In the present invention, not only the bright spot due to the leaked light generated by the spacer for maintaining the distance between the two substrates of the liquid crystal display panel is not visually observed, but also a good display without blur between the pixels. Obtainable.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第1図は本発明の実施例の液晶パネルの要部断面図、第
2図は本発明の実施例の液晶パネルの平面図、第3図は
従来の投射型表示装置の構成図、第4図は従来の液晶パ
ネル断面図、第5図は従来の投射型表示装置における散
乱光の影響を示す説明図である。 (10)……ガラス基板、(11)……TFT、(12)……画
素電極、(13)……ガラス基板、(14)……対向電極、
(15)……液晶、(16)……スペーサ、(17)……偏光
板、(18)……偏光板、(19)……遮光層。 (21)……Al製ソース、(22)……半導体膜、(23)…
…Al製ドレイン、(24)……ゲート、(25)……ドレイ
ンライン、(26)……ゲートライン、(27)……画素電
極、(28)……遮光膜。 (31)……光源、(32)……反射鏡、(33)……集光レ
ンズ、(34)……ダイクロイックミラー、(35)……液
晶パネル、(36)……ミラー、(37)……投射レンズ。 (40)……ガラス基板、(41)……TFT、(42)……画
素電極、(43)……ガラス基板、(44)……対向電極、
(45)……液晶、(46)……スペーサ、(47)……偏光
板、(48)……偏光板。 (51)……TFT基板、(52)……対向基板、(53)……
液晶、(54)……画素電極、(55)……透過光、(56)
……投射レンズ、(57)……スクリーン、(58)……ス
ペーサ、(59)……散乱光。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an essential part of a liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal panel, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the influence of scattered light in a conventional projection display device. (10) ... glass substrate, (11) ... TFT, (12) ... pixel electrode, (13) ... glass substrate, (14) ... counter electrode,
(15) Liquid crystal, (16) spacer, (17) polarizing plate, (18) polarizing plate, (19) light shielding layer. (21) ... Al source, (22) ... Semiconductor film, (23) ...
... Al drain, (24) gate, (25) drain line, (26) gate line, (27) pixel electrode, (28) light-shielding film. (31) Light source, (32) Reflector, (33) Condensing lens, (34) Dichroic mirror, (35) Liquid crystal panel, (36) Mirror, (37) ... Projection lens. (40): glass substrate, (41) TFT, (42) pixel electrode, (43) glass substrate, (44) counter electrode,
(45) ... liquid crystal, (46) ... spacer, (47) ... polarizing plate, (48) ... polarizing plate. (51) TFT substrate, (52) Counter substrate, (53)
Liquid crystal, (54) pixel electrode, (55) transmitted light, (56)
... Projection lens, (57) ... Screen, (58) ... Spacer, (59) ... Scattered light.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】2枚の基板間に液晶を挟持した液晶表示パ
ネルを備えた投写型表示装置において、前記2枚の基板
間に、両基板の間隔を保持するためのスペーサを設ける
と共に、出射側に位置する基板の外側の面にマトリクス
状の遮光層を設け、投射時の焦点面をこの遮光層に合わ
せるよう構成したことを特徴とする投写型表示装置。
1. A projection display device comprising a liquid crystal display panel having a liquid crystal sandwiched between two substrates, wherein a spacer is provided between the two substrates to maintain a distance between the two substrates, and a light is emitted. A projection type display device characterized in that a matrix light-shielding layer is provided on an outer surface of a substrate located on the side, and a focal plane at the time of projection is adjusted to the light-shielding layer.
JP28824989A 1989-11-06 1989-11-06 Projection display device Expired - Fee Related JP2865332B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28824989A JP2865332B2 (en) 1989-11-06 1989-11-06 Projection display device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28824989A JP2865332B2 (en) 1989-11-06 1989-11-06 Projection display device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03148637A JPH03148637A (en) 1991-06-25
JP2865332B2 true JP2865332B2 (en) 1999-03-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP28824989A Expired - Fee Related JP2865332B2 (en) 1989-11-06 1989-11-06 Projection display device

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Country Link
JP (1) JP2865332B2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040016571A (en) * 2002-08-19 2004-02-25 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 Fringe field switching mode liquid crystal display device

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