JP2862781B2 - Method for producing aromatic polycarbonate - Google Patents
Method for producing aromatic polycarbonateInfo
- Publication number
- JP2862781B2 JP2862781B2 JP6003564A JP356494A JP2862781B2 JP 2862781 B2 JP2862781 B2 JP 2862781B2 JP 6003564 A JP6003564 A JP 6003564A JP 356494 A JP356494 A JP 356494A JP 2862781 B2 JP2862781 B2 JP 2862781B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compounds
- group
- bis
- compound
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 21
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 title description 19
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 title description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 6
- -1 alkali metal cyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 68
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 14
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 10
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 5
- ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl carbonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNURKXXMYARGAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxymethylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CO)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O HNURKXXMYARGAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBYJOCBDWDVDOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-methylbenzenesulfonate;tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1.CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FBYJOCBDWDVDOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JEHKKBHWRAXMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfinic acid Chemical compound O[S@@](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JEHKKBHWRAXMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-2-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRPRCOLKIYRSNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)OCC2OC2)C=1C(=O)OCC1CO1 JRPRCOLKIYRSNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XWTOMWARSPYOAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;tetraphenylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 XWTOMWARSPYOAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VRZVPALEJCLXPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 VRZVPALEJCLXPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002259 gallium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002291 germanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000005027 hydroxyaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002472 indium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octabenzone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP(OCCCC)OCCCC XTTGYFREQJCEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YEYCMBWKTZNPDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) benzoate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YEYCMBWKTZNPDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZADFKWJIQWGNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-ethylphenyl) diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 NZADFKWJIQWGNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPFJHNSSBHPYJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-methylphenyl) hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(OC(O)=O)=C1 GPFJHNSSBHPYJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARVUDIQYNJVQIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-dodecoxy-2-hydroxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ARVUDIQYNJVQIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFBBZLLZOJFFSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6-methyl-1-phenylheptyl) dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCC(OP(O)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HFBBZLLZOJFFSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVYYAYJIGYODSD-LNTINUHCSA-K (z)-4-bis[[(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-yl]oxy]gallanyloxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound [Ga+3].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O ZVYYAYJIGYODSD-LNTINUHCSA-K 0.000 description 1
- HCNHNBLSNVSJTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HCNHNBLSNVSJTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALWXETURCOIGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitropropylbenzene Chemical compound CCC([N+]([O-])=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ALWXETURCOIGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEZZCSHVIGVWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O MEZZCSHVIGVWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCKKBDSXUFUYCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethyl-3-octadecyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1(C)C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(C(O)=O)CCC2OC21 HCKKBDSXUFUYCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAKNWEYGAKQQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dioxabicyclo[1.1.0]butane-1,3-diol Chemical compound O1C2(O)OC21O NAKNWEYGAKQQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEGVVOKXDUOMFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-bis(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound C=1C=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C(O)C=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 LEGVVOKXDUOMFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZYODYPUWJPKOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-bromophenoxy)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1Br AZYODYPUWJPKOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLZIIHMTTRXXIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O JLZIIHMTTRXXIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMWRRFHBXARRRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-bis(2-methylbutan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O ZMWRRFHBXARRRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHRACYLRBOUBKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-tert-butylphenoxy)methyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OCC1OC1 HHRACYLRBOUBKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFNSAOSWJSCHID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O QFNSAOSWJSCHID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001340 2-chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- XKZGIJICHCVXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OCC(CC)CCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XKZGIJICHCVXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLUWLNIMIAFOSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzenesulfinic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)=O VLUWLNIMIAFOSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTRXCTZXSALJEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthalen-1-ylphenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 NTRXCTZXSALJEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWYDYZMNFQIYPT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-phenylpropanedioate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(C([O-])=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WWYDYZMNFQIYPT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UBSJDCIWVGJAPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-1a,2,2a,5a-tetrahydrooxireno[2,3-f][2]benzofuran-3,5-dione Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1C2OC2=CC2C(=O)OC(=O)C12 UBSJDCIWVGJAPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEXXNNOWNHORMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2a,5a,6,6a-tetrahydrooxireno[2,3-f][2]benzofuran-3,5-dione Chemical compound C1=C2OC2CC2C(=O)OC(=O)C21 AEXXNNOWNHORMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMTYZTXUZLQUSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dimethylbisphenol A Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C=C(C)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 YMTYZTXUZLQUSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKNCVRMXCLUOJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-dibromobisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(Br)=C1 CKNCVRMXCLUOJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVOOPOSZDXPIMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydro-2h-chromen-2-ol Chemical class C1=CC=C2OC(O)CCC2=C1 FVOOPOSZDXPIMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQQOWYUPNYZZPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-bis(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound C=1C(O)=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 SQQOWYUPNYZZPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDWSNKPLZUXBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1 ZDWSNKPLZUXBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZRWFKGUFWPFID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,9-dioctadecoxy-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro[5.5]undecane Chemical compound C1OP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCC21COP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC2 PZRWFKGUFWPFID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKSISJGIJFEBMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methylpropyl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 ZKSISJGIJFEBMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEXVANVVLLEGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-cyclohexyl-2-methyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1C2OC2CCC1(C(O)=O)C1CCCCC1 GEXVANVVLLEGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXDMMLSDZKDEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tert-butyl-4-propylphenol Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C LXDMMLSDZKDEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-thiodiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPJXFEMFNWEVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane Chemical compound CC1C(C)CCC2OC21 LPJXFEMFNWEVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZGQHKSLKRFZFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)phenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NZGQHKSLKRFZFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQCACQIALULDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfinylphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RQCACQIALULDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DTVYDCGCCHOJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl phenylmethanesulfonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 DTVYDCGCCHOJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000969 phenyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000037048 polymerization activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- GKKCIDNWFBPDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium cyanate Chemical compound [K]OC#N GKKCIDNWFBPDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIQZCTMKIBQATI-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium(1+);cyanate Chemical compound [Rb+].[O-]C#N KIQZCTMKIBQATI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XCVATCNEKJLNNY-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium(1+);thiocyanate Chemical compound [Rb+].[S-]C#N XCVATCNEKJLNNY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZVCDLGYNFYZZOK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium cyanate Chemical compound [Na]OC#N ZVCDLGYNFYZZOK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- YNQRWDDCTKWYJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N YNQRWDDCTKWYJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003455 sulfinic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CXVGEDCSTKKODG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulisobenzone Chemical compound C1=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(OC)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CXVGEDCSTKKODG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005207 tetraalkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl 3-(3-oxo-3-tetradecoxypropyl)sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZNAAUDJKMURFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CC(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)C(C(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)CC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 NZNAAUDJKMURFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVNKFOIOZXAFBO-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(4+);tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Sn+4] CVNKFOIOZXAFBO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(ii) oxide Chemical class [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IELLVVGAXDLVSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexyl phosphate Chemical compound C1CCCCC1OP(OC1CCCCC1)(=O)OC1CCCCC1 IELLVVGAXDLVSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FICPQAZLPKLOLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexyl phosphite Chemical compound C1CCCCC1OP(OC1CCCCC1)OC1CCCCC1 FICPQAZLPKLOLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZHULIWXRDLGRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl 3-(3-oxo-3-tridecoxypropyl)sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCC MZHULIWXRDLGRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP(OC)OC CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDGZUBKNYGBWHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctadecyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(=O)(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FDGZUBKNYGBWHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctadecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCFIEBVTVHJMQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphite Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)COP(OCC(Cl)CCl)OCC(Cl)CCl FCFIEBVTVHJMQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCCOP(=O)(OCCCl)OCCCl HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRAZJWSWBBLGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-ethylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)CC)OC1=CC=CC=C1CC BRAZJWSWBBLGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKEHGKBYZJWLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-hydroxyphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)O)OC1=CC=CC=C1O XKEHGKBYZJWLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOZBTDPWFHJVEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-nonylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)CCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC OOZBTDPWFHJVEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZMFITAWSPYPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)CC(C)=O PZMFITAWSPYPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/7833—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate with lightly doped drain or source extension, e.g. LDD MOSFET's; DDD MOSFET's
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
- H01L21/28518—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System the conductive layers comprising silicides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
- H01L21/2855—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System by physical means, e.g. sputtering, evaporation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
- H01L21/28556—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System by chemical means, e.g. CVD, LPCVD, PECVD, laser CVD
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/32055—Deposition of semiconductive layers, e.g. poly - or amorphous silicon layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
- H01L21/8232—Field-effect technology
- H01L21/8234—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type
- H01L21/8238—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS
- H01L21/823807—Complementary field-effect transistors, e.g. CMOS with a particular manufacturing method of the channel structures, e.g. channel implants, halo or pocket implants, or channel materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
- H01L29/66568—Lateral single gate silicon transistors
- H01L29/66575—Lateral single gate silicon transistors where the source and drain or source and drain extensions are self-aligned to the sides of the gate
- H01L29/6659—Lateral single gate silicon transistors where the source and drain or source and drain extensions are self-aligned to the sides of the gate with both lightly doped source and drain extensions and source and drain self-aligned to the sides of the gate, e.g. lightly doped drain [LDD] MOSFET, double diffused drain [DDD] MOSFET
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ポリカーボネートの製
造方法に関する。さらに詳しくは重合反応速度、色相、
耐熱性等に優れたポリカーボネートの製造方法に関す
る。The present invention relates to a method for producing polycarbonate. More specifically, polymerization reaction rate, hue,
The present invention relates to a method for producing a polycarbonate having excellent heat resistance and the like.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】ポリカーボネートは、耐衝撃性などの機
械的特性に優れ、しかも耐熱性、透明性などにも優れて
おり、広く用いられている。このようなポリカーボネー
トの製造方法としては、ビスフェノールなどの芳香族ジ
ヒドロキシ化合物とホスゲンとを直接反応させる方法
(界面法)、あるいはビスフェノールなどの芳香族ジヒ
ドロキシ化合物とジフェニルカーボネートなどのジアリ
ールカーボネートとを溶融状態でエステル交換反応(溶
融法)させる方法などが知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Polycarbonate is widely used because of its excellent mechanical properties such as impact resistance, heat resistance and transparency. As a method for producing such a polycarbonate, a method of directly reacting an aromatic dihydroxy compound such as bisphenol with phosgene (interface method), or a method in which an aromatic dihydroxy compound such as bisphenol and a diaryl carbonate such as diphenyl carbonate are melted. A method of transesterification (melting method) and the like are known.
【0003】このような製造方法の内、芳香族ジヒドロ
キシ化合物とジアリールカーボネートとのエステル交換
反応によってポリカーボネートを製造する方法について
説明すると、この方法は、触媒として、金属の有機酸
塩、無機酸塩、酸化物、水酸化物、水素化物あるいはア
ルコラートなどを使用して減圧下に芳香族ジヒドロキシ
化合物とジアリールカーボネートとを、例えば最終的に
250〜330℃に加熱して溶融しながらエステル交換
反応させる方法である。Among such production methods, a method for producing a polycarbonate by a transesterification reaction between an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a diaryl carbonate will be described. This method uses a metal organic acid salt, an inorganic acid salt, or a catalyst as a catalyst. A method in which an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a diaryl carbonate are subjected to transesterification while being melted by heating, for example, finally to 250 to 330 ° C. under reduced pressure using an oxide, a hydroxide, a hydride or an alcoholate. is there.
【0004】この方法は、前述の界面法と比較してポリ
カーボネートを安価に製造できるという利点を有してい
るが、反面ポリマーが長時間高温にさらされるために色
相が好ましくないという問題点があった。このような色
相の改善を行うために各種触媒が提案されているが、界
面法にて重合したポリカーボネートに劣り、いまだ充分
ではない。This method has the advantage that polycarbonate can be produced at a lower cost than the above-mentioned interface method, but has the problem that the hue is unfavorable because the polymer is exposed to high temperatures for a long time. Was. Various catalysts have been proposed to improve such a hue, but are inferior to polycarbonates polymerized by the interface method and are not yet sufficient.
【0005】溶融重合法では触媒の存在下、高温、減圧
下、反応を行なうため、ポリマーが着色しやすく、副反
応によって生じる着色の少ないポリカーボネートを製造
するためいくつかの触媒系例えば、テトラアルキルアン
モニウムヒドロキシとアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属
を組み合せた、触媒系が提案されている。しかし、アル
カリ金属化合物を使用すると反応条件によってはポリマ
ー中に分岐構造によると考えられる塩化メチレン等の溶
媒に不溶な成分が生成することがある。分岐構造による
不溶物の生成は、重合度が大になる程顕著になる。In the melt polymerization method, the reaction is carried out at high temperature and reduced pressure in the presence of a catalyst, so that the polymer is liable to be colored, and some catalyst systems such as tetraalkylammonium are used to produce a polycarbonate which is less colored by side reactions. A catalyst system in which hydroxy is combined with an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal has been proposed. However, when an alkali metal compound is used, a component insoluble in a solvent such as methylene chloride, which is considered to have a branched structure, may be formed in the polymer depending on the reaction conditions. The generation of insolubles due to the branched structure becomes more pronounced as the degree of polymerization increases.
【0006】また得られたポリカーボネートの成形加工
時にも樹脂が高温雰囲気にさらされるため、酸化反応そ
の他の分解反応により着色、不溶化、異物の生成、分子
量低下等の問題がある。Further, the resin is exposed to a high-temperature atmosphere during the molding of the obtained polycarbonate, and therefore, there are problems such as coloring, insolubilization, generation of foreign matter, and reduction in molecular weight due to an oxidation reaction and other decomposition reactions.
【0007】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】したがって、本発明
は、溶融重合法により、着色がなく、また得られたポリ
カーボネートの成形加工時に、樹脂の着色、異物の生
成、分子量低下の少ないポリカーボネートを製造するこ
とを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a polycarbonate produced by a melt polymerization method, which is free of coloring and which has little coloring of resin, formation of foreign matter and reduction of molecular weight during molding of the obtained polycarbonate. The purpose is to:
【0008】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、特定の触媒系
を使用することにより着色がほとんどなく、成形加工時
の重合度低下が少なく、しかも溶媒に可溶性の高分子量
ポリカーボネートを製造しうることを見い出したことを
特徴とする。According to the present invention, it is possible to produce a high molecular weight polycarbonate which is hardly colored by the use of a specific catalyst system, has a small degree of polymerization during molding and is soluble in a solvent. It is characterized by having found.
【0009】すなわち、本発明は、アルカリ金属のシア
ン酸塩、アルカリ土類金属のシアン酸塩、アルカリ金属
のチオシアン酸及びアルカリ土類金属のシアン酸塩から
なる群より選ばれた少なくとも一種の触媒存在下、芳香
族ジヒドロキシ化合物とジアリールカーボネートとを溶
融重合することを特徴とする芳香族ポリカーボネートの
製造方法である。That is, the present invention provides at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of alkali metal cyanates, alkaline earth metal cyanates, alkali metal thiocyanates and alkaline earth metal cyanates. A process for producing an aromatic polycarbonate, comprising melt-polymerizing an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a diaryl carbonate in the presence.
【0010】本発明に使用しうる芳香族ジヒドロキシ化
合物としては特に限定されないが、下記式(1)で示さ
れる化合物を挙げることができる。The aromatic dihydroxy compound that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a compound represented by the following formula (1).
【0011】[0011]
【化1】 Embedded image
【0012】式中Xは、In the formula, X is
【0013】[0013]
【化2】 Embedded image
【0014】である。## EQU1 ##
【0015】ここで、R3 、R4 は同一または異なり、
水素原子、ハロゲン原子または炭素数1〜12の炭化水
素基である。炭化水素基としては、炭素数1〜12の脂
肪族炭化水素基あるいは炭素数6〜12の芳香族炭化水
素基が好ましい。かかる脂肪族炭化水素基として、アル
キル基、アルケニル基等が挙げられ、メチル基、エチル
基、プロピル基等が例示される。また芳香族炭化水素基
として置換もしくは非置換のフェニル基、ナフチル基等
が挙げられる。ハロゲン原子としては塩素、臭素、ヨウ
素等が挙げられる。Here, R 3 and R 4 are the same or different,
It is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. As the hydrocarbon group, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable. Examples of such an aliphatic hydrocarbon group include an alkyl group and an alkenyl group, and examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group and a naphthyl group. Examples of the halogen atom include chlorine, bromine and iodine.
【0016】R5 は、炭素数4〜20の2価の炭化水素
基であり、アルキレン基、アルケニレン基等の脂肪族炭
化水素基が挙げられ、ブチレン基、ペンチレン基等が例
示される。R 5 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, examples of which include aliphatic hydrocarbon groups such as an alkylene group and an alkenylene group, such as a butylene group and a pentylene group.
【0017】式中、R1 、R2 は同一または異なり、ハ
ロゲン原子または炭素数1〜12の1価の炭化水素基で
ある。炭化水素基としては、炭素数1〜12の脂肪族炭
化水素基あるいは炭素数6〜12の芳香族基を挙げるこ
とができる。脂肪族炭化水素基としてアルキル基、アル
ケニル基等が例示でき、より具体的には、メチル基、エ
チル基、プロピル基等が挙げられる。また芳香族基とし
て、置換もしくは非置換のフェニル基、ナフチル基等が
挙げられる。ハロゲン原子としては塩素、臭素、ヨウ素
等が挙げられる。In the formula, R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are a halogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of the hydrocarbon group include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and an aromatic group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group include an alkyl group and an alkenyl group, and more specifically, a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group. Examples of the aromatic group include a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group and a naphthyl group. Examples of the halogen atom include chlorine, bromine and iodine.
【0018】式中、m、nは同一または異なり、0また
は1〜4の整数を表す。In the formula, m and n are the same or different and represent 0 or an integer of 1 to 4.
【0019】具体的には、以下に示す化合物を挙げるこ
とができる。ビス(4―ヒドロキシフェニル)メタン、
1,1―ビス(4―ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン、2,
2―ビス(4―ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2
―ビス(4―ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタン、2,2―ビ
ス(4―ヒドロキシフェニル)オクタン、ビス(4―ヒ
ドロキシフェニル)フェニルメタン、2,2―ビス(4
―ヒドロキシ―3―メチルフェニル)プロパン、1,1
―ビス(4―ヒドロキシ―t―ブチルフェニル)プロパ
ン、2,2―ビス(4―ヒドロキシ―3―ブロモフェニ
ル)プロパンなどのビス(ヒドロキシアリール)アルカ
ン類、1,1―ビス(4―ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロ
ペンタン、1,1―ビス(4―ヒドロキシフェニル)シ
クロヘキサンなどのビス(ヒドロキシアリール)シクロ
アルカン類、4,4′―ジヒドロキシジフェニルエーテ
ル、4,4′―ジヒドロキシ―3,3′―ジメチルフェ
ニルエーテルなどのジヒドロキシアリールエーテル類、
4,4′―ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルフィド、4,
4′―ジヒドロキシ―3,3′―ジメチルジフェニルス
ルフィドなどのジヒドロキシジアリールスルフィド類、
4,4′―ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルホキシド、4,
4′―ジヒドロキシ―3,3′―ジメチルジフェニルス
ルホキシドなどのジヒドロキシジアリールスルホキシド
類、4,4′―ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルホン、4,
4′―ジヒドロキシ―3,3′―ジメチルジフェニルス
ルホンなどのジヒドロキシジアリールスルホン類、9,
9―ビス(4―ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレンなどの
ジヒドロキシジアリール類が挙げられる。Specifically, the following compounds can be exemplified. Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane,
1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 2,
2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2
-Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) octane, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) phenylmethane, 2,2-bis (4
-Hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) propane, 1,1
Bis (hydroxyaryl) alkanes such as -bis (4-hydroxy-t-butylphenyl) propane and 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3-bromophenyl) propane; 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ) Cyclopentane, bis (hydroxyaryl) cycloalkanes such as 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl ether, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethylphenyl ether Dihydroxy aryl ethers such as
4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfide, 4,
Dihydroxydiaryl sulfides such as 4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl sulfide;
4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfoxide, 4,
Dihydroxydiarylsulfoxides such as 4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenylsulfoxide;4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone;
Dihydroxydiaryl sulfones such as 4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl sulfone;
Dihydroxydiaryls such as 9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene;
【0020】これらのうちでは特に2,2―ビス(4―
ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン(ビスフェノールA)が
好ましく用いられる。これらの芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合
物は単独であるいは組合わせて用いることができる。Of these, in particular, 2,2-bis (4-
(Hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol A) is preferably used. These aromatic dihydroxy compounds can be used alone or in combination.
【0021】ジアリールカーボネートは、炭素数6〜2
0の置換されていてもよいアリール基を有するカーボネ
ートであれば特に限定されないが、具体的には、ジフェ
ニルカーボネート、ジトリールカーボネート、ビス(ク
ロロフェニル)カーボネート、m―クレジルカーボネー
ト、ジナフチルカーボネート、ビス(ジフェニル)カー
ボネートなどを挙げることができる。これらのうち特に
ジフェニルカーボネートが好ましく用いられる。これら
ジアリールカーボネートは、単独であるいは組合わせて
用いることができる。上記のようなジアリールカーボネ
ートは芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物1モルに対して、通常
1.0〜1.30モル、好ましくは1.01〜1.20
モルの量で用いられることが望ましい。Diaryl carbonate has 6 to 2 carbon atoms.
The carbonate is not particularly limited as long as it has a zero-substituted aryl group. Specifically, diphenyl carbonate, ditolyl carbonate, bis (chlorophenyl) carbonate, m-cresyl carbonate, dinaphthyl carbonate, bis (Diphenyl) carbonate and the like can be mentioned. Of these, diphenyl carbonate is particularly preferably used. These diaryl carbonates can be used alone or in combination. The above diaryl carbonate is used in an amount of usually 1.0 to 1.30 mol, preferably 1.01 to 1.20, per mol of the aromatic dihydroxy compound.
Desirably, they are used in molar amounts.
【0022】本発明で使用する触媒は、アルカリ金属の
シアン酸塩、アルカリ土類金属のシアン酸塩、アルカリ
金属のチオシアン酸塩及びアルカリ土類金属のチオシア
ン酸塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の触媒で
ある。The catalyst used in the present invention is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal cyanates, alkaline earth metal cyanates, alkali metal thiocyanates and alkaline earth metal thiocyanates. Catalyst.
【0023】具体的には、シアン酸リチウム、シアン酸
ナトリウム、シアン酸カリウム、シアン酸ルビジウム、
シア ン酸セシウム、シアン酸マグネシウム、シアン酸
カルシウム、シアン酸バリウムシアン酸ストロンチウ
ム、チオシアン酸リチウム、チオシアン酸ナトリウム、
チオシアン酸カリウム、チオシアン酸ルビジウム、チオ
シアン酸セシウム、チオシ アン酸マグネシウム、チオ
シアン酸カルシウム、チオシアン酸バリウム、チオシア
ン酸ストロンチウム等々である。Specifically, lithium cyanate, sodium cyanate, potassium cyanate, rubidium cyanate,
Cesium cyanate, magnesium cyanate, calcium cyanate, barium strontium cyanate, lithium thiocyanate, sodium thiocyanate,
Potassium thiocyanate, rubidium thiocyanate, cesium thiocyanate, magnesium thiocyanate, calcium thiocyanate, barium thiocyanate, strontium thiocyanate and the like.
【0024】これらの化合物は、単独であるいは、組合
せて、使用することができる。この様なアルカリおよび
/またはアルカリ土類金属化合物は、上記芳香族ジヒド
ロキシ化合物1モルに対して10-8〜10-3モル使用す
る。反応速度、あるいは着色、架橋反応などの副反応の
観点より、好ましくは2×10-8〜5×10-4、さらに
好ましくは5×10-8〜10-4モル使用する。These compounds can be used alone or in combination. Such an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal compound is used in an amount of 10 -8 to 10 -3 mol per 1 mol of the aromatic dihydroxy compound. From the viewpoint of reaction rate or side reactions such as coloring and crosslinking reaction, it is preferably used in an amount of 2 × 10 −8 to 5 × 10 −4 , more preferably 5 × 10 −8 to 10 −4 mol.
【0025】また所望によりその他の金属触媒も併用使
用することもできる。例えば、周期律表のIIB、II
IB、IVAおよびIVB族に属する金属元素およびその
化合物の中から選ばれる。触媒として用いられる金属化
合物としては、例えばZn(OAc)2 、Zn(OB
z)2 などの亜鉛のカルボン酸塩、ZnO、ZnSなど
の亜鉛の酸化物または硫化物、Zn(OH)2 などの亜
鉛の水酸化物、(C2 H 5 )2 Zn、Ph2 Zn、C2
H5 ZnOC2 H5 、PhZnCl、PhZnOAc、
C4 H9 ZnOAcなどの有機亜鉛化合物、Zn(OC
2 H5 )2 、Zn(OPh)2 などの亜鉛のアルコキシ
ドまたはアリーロキシド、Zn(acac)2 、Zn
(oxin)2 などの亜鉛のキレート化合物などの亜鉛
の化合物類が挙げられる。If desired, other metal catalysts may be used in combination.
Can also be used. For example, IIB, II of the periodic table
Metal elements belonging to groups IB, IVA and IVB and their
Selected from compounds. Metallization used as catalyst
As the compound, for example, Zn (OAc)Two , Zn (OB
z)Two Zinc carboxylate, ZnO, ZnS, etc.
Oxide or sulfide of zinc, Zn (OH)Two Such as
Lead hydroxide, (CTwo H Five )Two Zn, PhTwo Zn, CTwo
HFive ZnOCTwo HFive , PhZnCl, PhZnOAc,
CFour H9 Organic zinc compounds such as ZnOAc, Zn (OC
Two HFive )Two , Zn (OPh)Two Such as zinc alkoxy
Or aryloxide, Zn (acac)Two , Zn
(Oxin)Two Zinc such as zinc chelate
And the like.
【0026】またAl(OAc)3 、Al(OBz)3
などのアルミニウムのカルボン酸塩、Al2 O3 などの
アルミニウムの酸化物、Al(OH)3 などのアルミニ
ウムの水酸化物、Ph3 Alなどの有機アルミニウム化
合物、Al(OCH3 )3 、Al(OC3 H7-1 )3 、
Al(OPh)3 などのアルミニウムのアルコキシドま
たはアリーロキシド、Al(acac)3 、Al(ox
in)3 などのアルミニウムのキレート化合物などのア
ルミニウムの化合物類が挙げられる。Al (OAc) 3 , Al (OBz) 3
Aluminum carboxylate, aluminum oxide such as Al 2 O 3 , aluminum hydroxide such as Al (OH) 3 , organic aluminum compound such as Ph 3 Al, Al (OCH 3 ) 3 , Al ( OC 3 H 7-1 ) 3 ,
Alkoxides or aryloxides of aluminum such as Al (OPh) 3 , Al (acac) 3 , Al (ox
in) Aluminum compounds such as chelate compounds of aluminum such as 3 ).
【0027】またGa(OAc)3 、Ga(OBz)、
GaO(OAc)などのガリウムのカルボン酸塩、Ga
2 O3 などのガリウムの酸化物、Ga(OH)3 などの
ガリウムの水酸化物、(CH3 )3 Ga、Ph3 Gaな
どの有機ガリウム化合物、Ga(OCH3 )3 、Ga
(OPh)3 などのガリウムのアルコキシドまたはアリ
ーロキシド、Ga(acac)3 などのガリウムのキレ
ート化合物等のガリウムの化合物類が挙げられる。Further, Ga (OAc) 3 , Ga (OBz),
Gallium carboxylate such as GaO (OAc), Ga
Gallium oxides such as 2 O 3 , gallium hydroxides such as Ga (OH) 3 , organic gallium compounds such as (CH 3 ) 3 Ga, Ph 3 Ga, Ga (OCH 3 ) 3 , Ga
Gallium compounds such as gallium alkoxides or aryloxides such as (OPh) 3 and gallium chelate compounds such as Ga (acac) 3 are mentioned.
【0028】またIn(OAc)3 などのインジウム酸
塩、In2 O3 などのインジウムの酸化物、(C2 H
5 )3 In、Ph3 Inなどの有機インジウム化合物、
In(acac)3 などのインジウムのキレート化合物
などのインジウムの化合物類が挙げられる。Indium salts such as In (OAc) 3 , oxides of indium such as In 2 O 3 , (C 2 H
5) 3 In, organic indium compounds such as Ph 3 an In,
Indium compounds such as indium chelate compounds such as In (acac) 3 are exemplified.
【0029】またGe(OAc)4 、Ge(OBz)4
などのゲルマニウムのカルボン酸塩、GeO2 などのゲ
ルマニウムの酸化物、Ge(OH)2 、Ge(OH)4
などのゲルマニウムの水酸化物、(C2 H5 )4 Ge、
Ph4 Ge、[( C4 H9)2 GeO]n、[Ph2 G
eO]nなどの有機ゲルマニウム化合物、Ge(OCH3
)4 、Ge(OPh)4 などのゲルマニウムのアルコ
キシドまたはアリーロキシド、などのゲルマニウムの化
合物類が挙げられる。Ge (OAc) 4 , Ge (OBz) 4
Such as germanium carboxylate, germanium oxide such as GeO 2 , Ge (OH) 2 , Ge (OH) 4
Such as germanium hydroxide, (C 2 H 5 ) 4 Ge,
Ph 4 Ge, [(C 4 H 9 ) 2 GeO] n , [Ph 2 G
eO] n and other organic germanium compounds such as Ge (OCH 3
) 4 , and germanium compounds such as germanium alkoxides or aryloxides such as Ge (OPh) 4 .
【0030】またSn(OAc)2 、Sn(OAc)
4 、Sn(OBz)2 、Sn(OBz)4 などのスズの
カルボン酸塩、(C2 H5 )4 Sn、Ph4 Snなどの
有機スズ化合物、(C4 H9 )2 SnO、[(C4 H
9 )2 SnO]n、[(C8 H17)2 SnO]n、[(C
4 H9 )PhSnO]nなどの有機スズオキシド、(C4
H9 )2 Sn(OAc)2 、ジブチルスズラウレート
などの有機スズのカルボン酸塩、SnO、SnO2 など
のスズの酸化物、Sn(OH)2 、Sn(OH) 4 など
のスズの水酸化物、Sn(OCH3 )2 、Sn(OC
H)3 、Sn(OC 4 H9 )4 、Sn(OPh)2 、S
n(OPh)4 、Further, Sn (OAc)Two , Sn (OAc)
Four , Sn (OBz)Two , Sn (OBz)Four Such as tin
Carboxylate, (CTwo HFive )Four Sn, PhFour Such as Sn
Organotin compounds, (CFour H9 )Two SnO, [(CFour H
9 )Two SnO]n, [(C8 H17)Two SnO]n, [(C
Four H9 ) PhSnO]nOrganic tin oxides such as (CFour
H9 )Two Sn (OAc)Two , Dibutyltin laurate
Organic tin carboxylate such as SnO, SnOTwo Such
Tin oxide, Sn (OH)Two , Sn (OH) Four Such
Tin hydroxide, Sn (OCHThree )Two , Sn (OC
H)Three , Sn (OC Four H9 )Four , Sn (OPh)Two , S
n (OPh)Four ,
【0031】[0031]
【化3】 Embedded image
【0032】(C4 H9 )2 Sn(OCH3 )2 などの
スズおよび有機スズのアルコキシドまたはアリーロキシ
ド、SnSO4 などのスズの無機酸塩、Na[SnF
3 ]、[(C2 H5 )4 N]等が挙げられる。Alkoxides or aryloxides of tin and organotin, such as (C 4 H 9 ) 2 Sn (OCH 3 ) 2 , inorganic salts of tin such as SnSO 4 , Na [SnF
3 ], [(C 2 H 5 ) 4 N] and the like.
【0033】またPb(OAc)2 、Pb(OAc)
4 、Pb(OBz)2 などの鉛のカルボン酸塩、PbC
O3 、2PbCO3 ・Pb(OH)2 、などの鉛の無機
酸塩、Na2 [Pb(OH)6 ]などの鉛の錯化合物、
PbO、PbO2 、Pb3 O4などの鉛の酸化物、Pb
(OH)2 などの鉛の水酸化物、(C4 H9 )4 Pb、
Ph4 Pb、(C2 H5 )3 PbCl、Ph3 PbC
l、(C2 H5 )2 PbCl2 、(C2 H5 )3 Pb
(OAc)などの有機鉛化合物、Pb(OCH3 )4、
Pb(OPh)4 、(C4 H9 )2 Pb(OPh)2 な
どの鉛および有機鉛のアルコキシドまたはアリーロキシ
ド、などの鉛の化合物類などが挙げられる。Pb (OAc) 2 , Pb (OAc)
4 , lead carboxylate such as Pb (OBz) 2 , PbC
An inorganic acid salt of lead such as O 3 , 2PbCO 3 .Pb (OH) 2 , a complex compound of lead such as Na 2 [Pb (OH) 6 ],
Lead oxides such as PbO, PbO 2 and Pb 3 O 4 , Pb
Hydroxide of lead such as (OH) 2 , (C 4 H 9 ) 4 Pb,
Ph 4 Pb, (C 2 H 5 ) 3 PbCl, Ph 3 PbC
1, (C 2 H 5 ) 2 PbCl 2 , (C 2 H 5 ) 3 Pb
Organic lead compounds such as (OAc), Pb (OCH 3 ) 4 ,
Examples of such compounds include lead compounds such as Pb (OPh) 4 and (C 4 H 9 ) 2 Pb (OPh) 2 , and lead compounds such as alkoxide or aryloxide of organic lead.
【0034】またZr(OAc)4 、Zr(OBz)4
などのジルコニウムのカルボン酸塩、ZrO2 などのジ
ルコニウム酸化合物、Zr(OC4 H9 )4 、Zr(O
Ph)4 などのジルコニウムのアルコキシドまたはアリ
ーロキシドZr(OAc)3(π−C5 H5 )、ZrH2
(π−C5 H5 )2 などの有機ジルコニウム化合物、
Zr(acac)4 などのジルコニウムのキレート化合
物などのジルコニウムの化合物などが挙げられる。これ
らの触媒、1種または2種以上を併用することもでき
る。Further, Zr (OAc) 4 and Zr (OBz) 4
Zirconium carboxylate, zirconate compound such as ZrO 2 , Zr (OC 4 H 9 ) 4 , Zr (O
Alkoxides or aryloxides of zirconium such as Ph) 4 Zr (OAc) 3 (π-C 5 H 5 ), ZrH 2
(Π-C 5 H 5) organic zirconium compounds such as 2,
Zirconium compounds such as chelate compounds of zirconium such as Zr (acac) 4 and the like. One or two or more of these catalysts may be used in combination.
【0035】かかる触媒の使用量としては、上記芳香族
ヒドロキシ化合物1モルに対し10 -8〜10-3モル、好
ましくは5×10-8〜10-3、特に好ましくは2×10
-8〜5×10-4の範囲で使用しうる。上記使用範囲を逸
脱すると、得られるポリカーボネートの諸物性に悪影響
を及ぼしたり、また、重縮合反応が十分に進行せず高分
子量のポリカーボネートが得られない等の問題があり好
ましくない。The amount of the catalyst used is selected from the above aromatics
10 per mole of hydroxy compound -8-10-3Mole, good
Preferably 5 × 10-8-10-3And particularly preferably 2 × 10
-8~ 5 × 10-FourCan be used. Missing the above usage range
If removed, adversely affect the physical properties of the resulting polycarbonate
And the polycondensation reaction does not proceed
Problems, such as the inability to obtain
Not good.
【0036】本発明において、触媒の仕込み方法は固形
状でも液状でも問わないが、好ましくは溶液または懸濁
液状である。溶液または懸濁液とする際の濃度は液体状
態で取り扱える濃度であればよく、好ましくは30重量
%以下、より好ましくは20重量%以下である。該溶液
または懸濁液中に溶存する酸素濃度は100ppm以下
が好ましく、さらに好ましくは50ppm以下、よりさ
らに好ましくは10ppm以下が好ましい。この範囲を
越えると溶存酸素の影響により着色あるいは分岐成分が
生成しやすい。In the present invention, the method of charging the catalyst may be either solid or liquid, but is preferably a solution or suspension. The concentration of the solution or suspension may be a concentration that can be handled in a liquid state, and is preferably 30% by weight or less, more preferably 20% by weight or less. The concentration of oxygen dissolved in the solution or suspension is preferably 100 ppm or less, more preferably 50 ppm or less, even more preferably 10 ppm or less. If it exceeds this range, coloring or branched components are likely to be generated due to the influence of dissolved oxygen.
【0037】また本発明においては、重合開始前、重合
途中、重合終了後のうち少なくとも1回以上溶融状態で
各種の安定剤を加えることも好ましい。該安定剤として
はイオウ含有酸性化合物および/または該酸性化合物か
ら形成される誘導体、フェノール系安定剤、チオエーテ
ル系安定剤、リン系安定剤、ヒンダートアミン系安定
剤、エポキシ化合物、サリチル酸系紫外線吸収剤、ベン
ゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤等を挙げることができ
る。In the present invention, it is also preferable to add various stabilizers in a molten state at least one time before, during or after the polymerization. Examples of the stabilizer include a sulfur-containing acidic compound and / or a derivative formed from the acidic compound, a phenol-based stabilizer, a thioether-based stabilizer, a phosphorus-based stabilizer, a hindered amine-based stabilizer, an epoxy compound, and a salicylic acid-based ultraviolet absorber. Agents, benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorbers, and the like.
【0038】イオウ含有酸性化合物および/または該酸
性化合物から形成される誘導体としては、亜硫酸、硫
酸、スルフィン酸系化合物、スルホン酸系化合物および
これらの誘導体を挙げることができる。具体的に、硫酸
誘導体としては、ジメチル硫酸、ジエチル硫酸、硫酸、
ジプロピル硫酸、ジブチル硫酸、ジフェニル硫酸、ジメ
チル亜硫酸、ジエチル亜硫酸、ジフェニル亜硫酸、ドデ
シル硫酸ナトリウム、ヘキサデシル硫酸ナトリウム、ブ
チル硫酸ジメチルブチルトリデシルアンモニウム、エチ
ル硫酸ジメチルエチルヘキサデシアンニウム、メチル硫
酸トリメチルデシルアンモニウム、などを挙げることが
できる。Examples of the sulfur-containing acidic compound and / or a derivative formed from the acidic compound include sulfurous acid, sulfuric acid, sulfinic acid compounds, sulfonic acid compounds, and derivatives thereof. Specifically, as the sulfuric acid derivatives, dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate, sulfuric acid,
Dipropyl sulfate, dibutyl sulfate, diphenyl sulfate, dimethyl sulfite, diethyl sulfite, diphenyl sulfite, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hexadecyl sulfate, dimethyl butyl tridecyl ammonium butyl sulfate, dimethyl ethyl hexadecyanium ethyl sulfate, trimethyl decyl ammonium methyl sulfate, etc. Can be mentioned.
【0039】スルフィン酸系化合物としては、ベンゼン
スルフィン酸、トルエンスルフィン酸、ナフタレンスル
フィン酸などを挙げることができる。スルホン酸系化合
物およびこの誘導体としては、以下のような化合物を挙
げることができる。すなわち、ベンゼンスルホン酸、p
―トルエンスルホン酸などのスルホン酸、ベンゼンスル
ホン酸メチル、ベンゼンスルホン酸エチル、ベンゼンス
ルホン酸ブチル、ベンゼンスルホン酸オクチル、ベンゼ
ンスルホン酸フェニル、p―トルエンスルホン酸メチ
ル、p―トルエンスルホン酸エチル、p―トルエンスル
ホン酸ブチル、p―トルエンスルホン酸オクチル、p―
トルエンスルホン酸フェニルなどのスルホン酸エステ
ル、p―トルエンスルホン酸アンモニウムなどのスルホ
ン酸アンモニウム塩、p―トルエンスルホン酸テトラブ
チルホスホニウム、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸テトラ
フエニルホスホニウム等を挙げることができる。Examples of the sulfinic acid compound include benzenesulfinic acid, toluenesulfinic acid, and naphthalene sulfinic acid. Examples of the sulfonic acid compound and its derivative include the following compounds. That is, benzenesulfonic acid, p
-Sulfonic acids such as toluenesulfonic acid, methyl benzenesulfonate, ethyl benzenesulfonate, butyl benzenesulfonate, octyl benzenesulfonate, phenyl benzenesulfonate, methyl p-toluenesulfonate, ethyl p-toluenesulfonate, p- Butyl toluenesulfonate, octyl p-toluenesulfonate, p-
Examples include sulfonic esters such as phenyl toluenesulfonate, ammonium sulfonates such as ammonium p-toluenesulfonate, tetrabutylphosphonium p-toluenesulfonate, and tetraphenylphosphonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
【0040】これらの化合物は、単独で、あるいは組合
わせて用いることができる。これらのうち、[B]pK
a値が3以下であるイオウ含有酸性化合物および該酸性
化合物から形成される誘導体として、スルホン酸系化合
物およびこの誘導体が好ましく用いられ、特にベンゼン
スルホン酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸ブチル、p―トルエン
スルホン酸、p―トルエンスルホン酸エチル、p―トル
エンスルホン酸ブチルドデシル硫酸ナトリウム、メチル
硫酸トリメチルヘキサデシンアンモニユウム、p―トル
エンスルホン酸テトラブチルホスホニウム、ドデシルベ
ンゼンスルホン酸テトラフエニルホスホニウム、が好ま
しく用いられる。These compounds can be used alone or in combination. Of these, [B] pK
As the sulfur-containing acidic compound having an a value of 3 or less and a derivative formed from the acidic compound, a sulfonic acid compound or a derivative thereof is preferably used. In particular, benzenesulfonic acid, butylbenzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, Ethyl p-toluenesulfonate, sodium butyldodecyl sulfate p-toluenesulfonate, ammonium trimethylhexadecine sulfate, tetrabutylphosphonium p-toluenesulfonate, tetraphenylphosphonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate are preferably used.
【0041】フェノール系安定剤としては、例えば、n
―オクタデシル―3―(4―ヒドロキシ―3′,5′―
ジ―t―ブチルフェニル)プロピオネート、テトラキス
[メチレン―3―(3′,5′―ジ―t―ブチル―4―
ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]メタン、1,
1,3―トリス(2―メチル―4―ヒドロキシ―5―t
―ブチルフェニル)ブタン、ジステアリル(4―ヒドロ
キシ―3―メチル―5―t―ブチル)ベンジルマロネー
ト、4―ヒドロキシメチル―2,6―ジ―t―ブチルフ
ェノール等があげられ、これらを単独で用いても2種以
上混合して用いてもよい。Examples of the phenolic stabilizer include, for example, n
-Octadecyl-3- (4-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-
Di-tert-butylphenyl) propionate, tetrakis [methylene-3- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4-)
Hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, 1,
1,3-Tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t
-Butylphenyl) butane, distearyl (4-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-tert-butyl) benzylmalonate, 4-hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, etc., which are used alone They may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
【0042】チオエーテル系安定剤としては、例えば、
ジラウリル・チオジプロピオネート、ジステアリル・チ
オジプロピオネート、ジミリスチル―3,3′―チオジ
プロピオネート、ジトリデシル―3,3′―チオジプロ
ピオネート、ペンタエリスリトール―テトラキス―(β
―ラウリル―チオプロピオネート)等が挙げられ、これ
らを単独で用いても2種以上混合して用いてもよい。As the thioether-based stabilizer, for example,
Dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, dimyristyl-3,3'-thiodipropionate, ditridecyl-3,3'-thiodipropionate, pentaerythritol-tetrakis- (β
-Lauryl-thiopropionate) and the like, and these may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.
【0043】また、リン系安定剤としては、例えば、ビ
ス(2,4―ジ―t―ブチルフェニル)ペンタエリスリ
チルジホスファイト、ジフェニルデシルホスファイト、
フェニルイソオクチルホスファイト、2―エチルヘキシ
ルジフェニルホスファイト等のアリールアルキルホスフ
ァイト;トリメチルホスファイト、トリエチルホスファ
イト、トリブチルホスファイト、トリオクタデシルホス
ファイト、ジステアリルペンタエリスリチルジホスファ
イト、トリス(2―クロロエチル)ホスファイト、トリ
ス(2,3―ジクロロプロピル)ホスファイト等のトリ
アルキルホスファイト;トリシクロヘキシルホスファイ
ト等のトリシクロアルキルホスファイト;トリフェニル
ホスファイト、トリクレジルホスファイト、トリス(エ
チルフェニル)ホスファイト、トリス(2,4―ジ―t
―ブチルフェニル)ホスファイト、トリス(ヒドロキシ
フェニル)ホスファイト等のトリアリールホスファイ
ト;トリメチルホスフェート、トリエチルホスフェー
ト、トリブチルホスフェート、トリオクタデシルホスフ
ェート、ジステアリルペンタエリスリチルホスフェー
ト、トリス(2―クロロエチル)ホスフェート等のトリ
アルキルホスフェート;トリシクロヘキシルホスフェー
ト等のトリシクロアルキルホスフェート;トリフェニル
ホスフェート、トリクレジルホスフェート、トリス(ノ
ニルフェニル)ホスフェート、2―エチルフェニルジフ
ェニルホスフェート等のトリアリールホスフェート等が
挙げられ、これらを単独で用いても2種以上混合して用
いてもよい。Examples of the phosphorus-based stabilizer include bis (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) pentaerythrityl diphosphite, diphenyldecyl phosphite, and the like.
Arylalkyl phosphites such as phenylisooctyl phosphite and 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphite; trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythrityl diphosphite, and tris (2-chloroethyl ) Trialkyl phosphites such as phosphite and tris (2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphite; tricycloalkyl phosphites such as tricyclohexyl phosphite; triphenyl phosphite, tricresyl phosphite, tris (ethylphenyl) Phosphite, tris (2,4-di-t
Tributyl phosphite, tris (hydroxyphenyl) phosphite, and other triaryl phosphites; trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, trioctadecyl phosphate, distearyl pentaerythrityl phosphate, tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, etc. Trialkyl phosphates such as tricyclohexyl phosphate; triaryl phosphates such as triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphate and 2-ethylphenyl diphenyl phosphate; They may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
【0044】またヒンダードアミン系安定剤としては、
例えば、ビス(2,2,6,6―テトラメチル―4―ピ
ペリジル)セバケート、8―ベンジル―7,7,9,9
―テトラメチル―3―オクチル―1,2,3―トリアザ
スピロ[4,5]ウンデカン―2,4―ジオン、4―ベ
ンゾイルオキシ―2,2,6,6―テトラメチルピペリ
ジン、テトラキス(2,2,6,6―テトラメチル―4
―ピペリジル)1,2,3,4―ブタンテトラカルボキ
シレートなどが挙げられ、これらを単独で用いても2種
以上混合して用いてもよい。The hindered amine stabilizers include
For example, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 8-benzyl-7,7,9,9
-Tetramethyl-3-octyl-1,2,3-triazaspiro [4,5] undecane-2,4-dione, 4-benzoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, tetrakis (2,2 , 6,6-tetramethyl-4
—Piperidyl) 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate and the like, and these may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.
【0045】本発明では、エポキシ化合物として、1分
子中にエポキシ基を1個以上有する化合物が用いられ
る。In the present invention, a compound having one or more epoxy groups in one molecule is used as the epoxy compound.
【0046】このようなエポキシ化合物として、具体的
には、エポキシ化大豆油、エポキシ化アマニ油、フェニ
ルグリシジルエーテル、t―ブチルフェニルグリシジル
エーテル、3,4―エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル―
3′,4′―エポキシシクロヘキシルカルボキシレー
ト、3,4―エポキシシクロヘキシルエチレンオキシ
ド、シクロヘキシルメチル―3,4―エポキシシクロヘ
キシルカルボキシレート、3,4―エポキシ―6―メチ
ルシクロヘキシルメチル―6′―メチルシロヘキシルカ
ルボキシレート、ブシフェノール―Aジグリシジルエー
テル、フタル酸のジグリシジルエステル、ヘキサヒドロ
フタル酸のジグリシジルエステル、ビス―エポキシジシ
クロペンタジエニルエーテル、ビス―エポキシエチレン
グリコール、ビス―エポキシシクロヘキシルアジペー
ト、ブタジエンジエポキシド、テトラフェニルエチレン
エポキシド、オクチルエポキシタレート、エポキシ化ポ
リブタジエン、3,4―ジメチル―1,2―エポキシシ
クロヘキサン、3,5―ジメチル―1,2―エポキシシ
クロヘキサン、3―メチル―5―t―ブチル―1,2―
エポキシシクロヘキサン、オクタデシル―2,2―ジメ
チル―3,4―エポキシシクロヘキシルカルボキシレー
ト、N―ブチル―2,2―ジメチル―3,4―エポキシ
シクロヘキシルカルボキシレート、シクロヘキシル―2
―メチル―3,4―エポキシシクロヘキシルカルボキシ
レート、N―ブチル―2―イソプロピル―3,4―エポ
キシ―5―メチルシクロヘキシルカルボキシレート、オ
クタデシル―3,4―エポキシシクロヘキシルカルボキ
シレート、2―エチルヘキシル―3′,4′―エポキシ
シクロヘキシルカルボキシレート、4,6―ジメチル―
2,3―エポキシシクロヘキシル―3′,4′―エポキ
シシクロヘキシルカルボキシレート、4,5―エポキシ
無水テトラヒドロフタル酸、3―t―ブチル―4,5―
エポキシ無水テトラヒドロフタル酸、ジエチル―4,5
―エポキシ―シス―1,2―シクロヘキシルジカルボキ
シレート、ジ―n―ブチル―3―t―ブチル―4,5―
エポキシ―シス―1,2―シクロヘキシルジカルボキシ
レートなどを挙げることができる。As such epoxy compounds, specifically, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized linseed oil, phenylglycidyl ether, t-butylphenylglycidyl ether, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-
3 ', 4'-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylethylene oxide, cyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate, 3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl-6'-methylsilohexylcarboxy Diglycidyl ester of phthalic acid, diglycidyl ester of phthalic acid, diglycidyl ester of hexahydrophthalic acid, bis-epoxydicyclopentadienyl ether, bis-epoxyethylene glycol, bis-epoxycyclohexyl adipate, butadiene Epoxide, tetraphenylethylene epoxide, octyl epoxy tartrate, epoxidized polybutadiene, 3,4-dimethyl-1,2-epoxycyclohexane, 3,5- Methyl-1,2-epoxycyclohexane, 3-methyl -5-t-butyl-1,2
Epoxycyclohexane, octadecyl-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate, N-butyl-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate, cyclohexyl-2
-Methyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate, N-butyl-2-isopropyl-3,4-epoxy-5-methylcyclohexylcarboxylate, octadecyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate, 2-ethylhexyl-3 '4,4'-Epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate, 4,6-dimethyl-
2,3-epoxycyclohexyl-3 ', 4'-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate, 4,5-epoxytetrahydrophthalic anhydride, 3-tert-butyl-4,5-
Epoxy tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, diethyl-4,5
-Epoxy-cis-1,2-cyclohexyldicarboxylate, di-n-butyl-3-tert-butyl-4,5-
Epoxy-cis-1,2-cyclohexyldicarboxylate and the like can be mentioned.
【0047】サリチル酸系紫外線吸収剤としては、具体
的には、フェニルサリシレート、p―t―ブチルフェニ
ルサリシレートが挙げられる。ベンゾフェノン系紫外線
吸収剤としては、2,4―ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノ
ン、2―ヒドロキシ―4―メトキシベンゾフェノン、
2,2′―ジヒドロキシ―4―メトキシベンゾフェノ
ン、2,2′―ジヒドロキシ―4,4′―ジメトキシベ
ンゾフェノン、2―ヒドロキシ―4―メトキシ―2′―
カルボキシベンゾフェノン、2―ヒドロキシ―4―メト
キシ―5―スルホベンゾフェノントリヒドレート、2―
ヒドロキシ―4―n―オクトキシベンゾフェノン、2,
2′,4,4′―テトラヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、4
―ドデシロキシ―2―ヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、ビス
(5―ベンゾイル―4―ヒドロキシ―2―メトキシフェ
ニル)メタン、2―ヒドロキシ―4―メトキシベンゾフ
ェノン―5―スルホン酸などが挙げられる。Specific examples of the salicylic acid-based ultraviolet absorber include phenyl salicylate and pt-butylphenyl salicylate. As the benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorber, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone,
2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2'-
Carboxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-sulfobenzophenone trihydrate, 2-
Hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone, 2,
2 ', 4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, 4
-Dodecyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, bis (5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl) methane, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid, and the like.
【0048】ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤として
は、2―(2′―ヒドロキシ―5′―メチル―フェニ
ル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2―(2′―ヒドロキシ―
3′,5′―ジ―t―ブチル―フェニル)ベンゾトリア
ゾール、2―(2′―ヒドロキシ―3′―t―ブチル―
5′―メチル―フェニル)―5―クロロベンゾトリアゾ
ール、2―(2′―ヒドロキシ―3′,5′―ジ―t―
ブチル―フェニル)―5―クロロベンゾトリアゾール、
2―(2′―ヒドロキシ―5′―t―オクチルフェニ
ル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2―(2′―ヒドロキシ―
3′,5′―ジ―t―アミルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾ
ール、2―[2′―ヒドロキシ―3′―(3″,4″,
5″,6″―テトラヒドロフタルイミドメチル)―5′
―メチルフェニル]ベンゾトリアゾール、2,2′―メ
チレンビス[4―(1,1,3,3―テトラメチルブチ
ル)―6―(2H―ベンゾトリアゾール―2―イル)フ
ェノール]などを挙げることができる。As the benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methyl-phenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-
3 ', 5'-di-t-butyl-phenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3'-t-butyl-
5'-methyl-phenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-t-
Butyl-phenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole,
2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-t-octylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-
3 ', 5'-di-t-amylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-3'-(3 ", 4",
5 ", 6" -tetrahydrophthalimidomethyl) -5 '
-Methylphenyl] benzotriazole, 2,2'-methylenebis [4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) -6- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) phenol] and the like. .
【0049】シアノアクリレート系紫外線吸収剤として
は、2―エチルヘキシル―2―シアノ―3,3―ジフェ
ニルアクリレート、エチル―2―シアノ―3,3―ジフ
ェニルアクリレートなどを挙げることができる。Examples of the cyanoacrylate-based ultraviolet absorber include 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acrylate and ethyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acrylate.
【0050】これらの化合物は上記芳香族ジヒドロキシ
化合物1モルに対して、10-8〜10-1モル、好ましく
は10-7〜10-2モルの量で用いられる。These compounds are used in an amount of 10 -8 to 10 -1 mol, preferably 10 -7 to 10 -2 mol, per 1 mol of the aromatic dihydroxy compound.
【0051】また本発明では上記のような芳香族ジヒド
ロキシ化合物とジアリールカーボネートとを溶融重縮合
してポリカーボネートを製造するに際して、末端封止剤
として反応系に炭素数が10〜40、好ましくは15〜
40のフェノール類を、芳香族系有機二水酸基化合物に
対して0.05〜10モル%、好ましくは0.5〜7モ
ル%、さらに好ましくは1〜5モル%の量で存在させ
る。In the present invention, when the aromatic dihydroxy compound and the diaryl carbonate are melt-polycondensed to produce a polycarbonate, the reaction system has 10 to 40, preferably 15 to 15 carbon atoms as a terminal blocking agent.
Forty phenols are present in an amount of 0.05 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.5 to 7 mol%, more preferably 1 to 5 mol%, based on the aromatic organic dihydroxy compound.
【0052】上記のような炭素数が10〜40のフェノ
ール類として、以下のような化合物が用いられる。o―
m―ブチルフェノール、p―シクロヘキシルフェノー
ル、o―フェニルフェノール、m―イソブチルフェノー
ル、m―n―ノニルフェノール、p―t―ブチルフェノ
ール、o―m―ペンチルフェノール、p―クミルフェノ
ール、p―m―ペンチルフェノール、o―ナフチルフェ
ノール、p―n―ペンチルフェノール、m―n―ヘキシ
ルフェノール、2,6―ジ―t―ブチルフェノール、
2,4―ジ―t―ブチルフェノール、3,5―ジ―t―
ブチルフェノール、2,6―ジクミルフェノール、3,
5―ジクミルフェノール、2,2,2―トリメチル―4
―(ヒドロキシフェニル)クロマン等のモノヒドロキシ
クロマン誘導体などの1価のフェノールが用いられる。As the phenols having 10 to 40 carbon atoms as described above, the following compounds are used. o-
m-butylphenol, p-cyclohexylphenol, o-phenylphenol, m-isobutylphenol, mn-nonylphenol, pt-butylphenol, om-pentylphenol, p-cumylphenol, pm-pentylphenol , O-naphthylphenol, pn-pentylphenol, mn-hexylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol,
2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 3,5-di-tert-
Butylphenol, 2,6-dicumylphenol, 3,
5-Dicumylphenol, 2,2,2-trimethyl-4
Monovalent phenols such as monohydroxychroman derivatives such as-(hydroxyphenyl) chroman are used.
【0053】このように上記のような使用量で組合わせ
た触媒は、重縮合反応を十分な速度で進行させ、高分子
量のポリカーボネートを、高い重合活性で生成させるこ
とができて好ましい。The catalysts used in the above-mentioned amounts are preferably used because the polycondensation reaction can proceed at a sufficient speed and a high molecular weight polycarbonate can be produced with high polymerization activity.
【0054】このような触媒の存在下、芳香族ジヒドロ
キシ化合物とジアリールカーボネートとの重縮合反応
は、従来知られている重縮合反応条件と同様な条件下で
行うことができる。In the presence of such a catalyst, the polycondensation reaction between the aromatic dihydroxy compound and the diaryl carbonate can be carried out under the same conditions as conventionally known polycondensation reaction conditions.
【0055】具体的には、第一段目の反応を80〜25
0℃、好ましくは100〜230℃、さらに好ましくは
120〜190℃の温度で、0〜5時間、好ましくは0
〜4時間、さらに好ましくは0〜3時間、減圧下、芳香
族ジヒドロキシ化合物とジアリールカーボネートとを反
応させる。次いで反応系の真空度を高めながら反応温度
を高めて、芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物とジアリールカー
ボネートとの反応を行ない、最終的には5mmHg以
下、好ましくは1mmHg以下の減圧下で、240〜3
20℃で芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物とジアリールカーボ
ネートとの重縮合反応を行なう。Specifically, the first-stage reaction is carried out at 80 to 25.
0 ° C., preferably 100-230 ° C., more preferably 120-190 ° C., for 0-5 hours, preferably 0 ° C.
The aromatic dihydroxy compound and the diaryl carbonate are reacted under reduced pressure for 4 to 4 hours, more preferably 0 to 3 hours. Next, the reaction temperature is increased while increasing the degree of vacuum of the reaction system, and the reaction between the aromatic dihydroxy compound and the diaryl carbonate is carried out. Finally, the reaction is carried out under a reduced pressure of 5 mmHg or less, preferably 1 mmHg or less, at a pressure of 240 to 3 mmHg.
A polycondensation reaction between the aromatic dihydroxy compound and the diaryl carbonate is performed at 20 ° C.
【0056】上記のような重縮合反応は、連続式で行な
ってもよく、バッチ式で行なってもよい。また上記の反
応を行なうに際して用いられる反応装置は、槽型であっ
ても管型であっても塔型であってもよい。The polycondensation reaction as described above may be carried out continuously or batchwise. The reaction apparatus used for performing the above reaction may be a tank type, a tube type, or a tower type.
【0057】上記のようにして得られる反応生成物であ
るポリカーボネートでは、通常、20℃中で測定した固
有粘度(メチレンクロライド,溶媒(重量比40/6
0))が0.1〜1.0、好ましくは0.2〜0.8で
ある。The polycarbonate, a reaction product obtained as described above, usually has an intrinsic viscosity (methylene chloride, solvent (40/6 by weight) measured at 20 ° C.).
0)) is from 0.1 to 1.0, preferably from 0.2 to 0.8.
【0058】本発明では上記のようにして得られるポリ
カーボネートに本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で通常の
耐熱安定性、紫外線吸収剤、離型剤、着色剤、帯電防止
剤、滑剤、防曇剤、天然油、合成油、ワックス、有機系
充填剤、無機系充填剤などを添加してもよい。In the present invention, the polycarbonate obtained as described above has ordinary heat stability, an ultraviolet absorber, a releasing agent, a coloring agent, an antistatic agent, a lubricant, an antifogging agent as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. , Natural oils, synthetic oils, waxes, organic fillers, inorganic fillers and the like.
【0059】[0059]
【発明の効果】本発明によればポリマー色調が良好で副
反応が抑制され、高重合度化した場合も分岐反応に起因
する不溶物、異物の生成が抑制され、また成形加工時に
も、分岐反応その他の副反応が抑制され、装置内でのや
け、着色、不溶化、異物の生成、分子量の低下を低いレ
ベルに抑えることができる。According to the present invention, the polymer color tone is good, side reactions are suppressed, and even when the degree of polymerization is increased, the generation of insolubles and foreign substances due to the branching reaction is suppressed. Reaction and other side reactions are suppressed, and burn, coloration, insolubilization, generation of foreign matter, and decrease in molecular weight in the apparatus can be suppressed to low levels.
【0060】[0060]
【実施例】以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を説明する。本
発明に於て物性測定は次の方法に従って行なった。 (i) 固有粘度[η]:塩化メチレン中20℃でウベ
ローデ粘度計で測定した。 (ii) 異物生成:Sus316試験管中ポリマーを
窒素気流下290℃/20hr処理し得られたを粉砕し
た。ポリマー5gを塩化メチレン100ml中に添加し
超音波照射し溶解した。得られたポリマー溶液を1ミク
ロンミリポアフィルターで0.5kg/cm2 の加圧下
で濾過した。濾過性およびフィルター上の異物を観察し
た。30分以内に濾過できた場合を「良好」、30分以
内に濾過できない場合を「不良」とし、その中間を「や
や不良」とした。異物の数は多、中、少で示した。 (iii) ポリマー色調:(a)L/b:3mm厚の
射出成形板をシリンダー温度300℃射出圧力100k
g/cm2 金型温度90℃で成型し、X,Y,Z値を日
本電色工業製Colorand Color Deff
erence MeterND―1001DPにより透
過法で測定しL/bを求めた。(b)ヘーズ:上述の方
法で成型した射出成形板を日本電色工業製NDH―20
0で測定した。The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. In the present invention, physical properties were measured according to the following methods. (I) Intrinsic viscosity [η]: Measured in methylene chloride at 20 ° C. with an Ubbelohde viscometer. (Ii) Foreign matter generation: The polymer in a Sus316 test tube was treated at 290 ° C. for 20 hours under a nitrogen stream, and the resulting product was pulverized. 5 g of the polymer was added to 100 ml of methylene chloride and dissolved by ultrasonic irradiation. The resulting polymer solution was filtered through a 1 micron Millipore filter under a pressure of 0.5 kg / cm 2 . Filterability and foreign matter on the filter were observed. The case where filtration was possible within 30 minutes was defined as “good”, the case where filtration was not possible within 30 minutes was defined as “poor”, and the middle was defined as “slightly poor”. The number of foreign substances is indicated as high, medium and small. (Iii) Polymer color tone: (a) L / b: injection molding plate having a thickness of 3 mm and a cylinder temperature of 300 ° C. and an injection pressure of 100 k
g / cm 2 Molding at a mold temperature of 90 ° C., and X, Y, Z values are determined by Nippon Denshoku Industries Colorland Color Diff.
L / b was determined by a transmission method using an emission meter ND-1001DP. (B) Haze: NDH-20 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.
It was measured at zero.
【0061】[実施例1〜6、比較例1〜3]ビスフェ
ノールA228部、ジフェニルカーボネート220部お
よび表1、2に示す種類、量の触媒を攪拌装置、蒸留器
および減圧装置を備えた反応槽に仕込み窒素置換をした
後、140℃で溶解した。30分間撹拌後、内温を18
0℃に昇温し、徐々に減圧し100mmHgで30分間
反応させ生成するフェノールを溜去した。[Examples 1 to 6, Comparative Examples 1 to 3] A reactor equipped with a stirrer, a distiller, and a decompressor was used for mixing 228 parts of bisphenol A, 220 parts of diphenyl carbonate, and the catalysts of the types and amounts shown in Tables 1 and 2. , And then replaced with nitrogen, and then dissolved at 140 ° C. After stirring for 30 minutes, the internal temperature was adjusted to 18
The temperature was raised to 0 ° C., the pressure was gradually reduced, and the reaction was carried out at 100 mmHg for 30 minutes.
【0062】さらに200℃に昇温しつつ徐々に減圧し
50mmHgで30分間フェノールを溜出しつつ反応さ
せた。Further, the pressure was gradually reduced while the temperature was raised to 200 ° C., and the reaction was carried out while distilling out phenol at 50 mmHg for 30 minutes.
【0063】さらに220℃、30mmHgまで徐々に
昇温、減圧し、同温同圧で30分、さらに240℃ 1
0mmHg、260℃ 1mmHg、270℃ 1mm
Hg以下にまで上記と同じ手順で昇温、減圧をくりかえ
し反応を続行した。Further, the temperature was gradually raised and reduced to 220 ° C. and 30 mmHg, and the temperature and pressure were reduced to the same temperature and pressure for 30 minutes.
0mmHg, 260 ° C 1mmHg, 270 ° C 1mm
The temperature was repeatedly increased and reduced to the Hg or less in the same procedure as above, and the reaction was continued.
【0064】最終的に同温・同圧で2時間重合を行ない
ポリカーボネート樹脂を製造した。Finally, polymerization was carried out at the same temperature and pressure for 2 hours to produce a polycarbonate resin.
【0065】得られたポリカーボネート樹脂の物性を表
1に示す。表中Acはアセチル基、phはフェニル基を
表す。Table 1 shows the physical properties of the obtained polycarbonate resin. In the table, Ac represents an acetyl group, and ph represents a phenyl group.
【0066】本発明によれば濾過性が良好で、異物の生
成も少ないポリマーを製造することができる。According to the present invention, it is possible to produce a polymer having good filterability and little generation of foreign substances.
【0067】[0067]
【表1】 [Table 1]
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭51−114494(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) C08G 64/30────────────────────────────────────────────────── (5) References JP-A-51-114494 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) C08G 64/30
Claims (1)
類金属のシアン酸塩、アルカリ金属のチオシアン酸塩及
びアルカリ土類金属のチオシアン酸塩からなる群より選
ばれた少なくとも一種の触媒の存在下、芳香族ジヒドロ
キシ化合物とジアリールカーボネートとを溶融重合する
ことを特徴とする芳香族ポリカーボネートの製造方法。1. In the presence of at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of alkali metal cyanates, alkaline earth metal cyanates, alkali metal thiocyanates and alkaline earth metal thiocyanates. And a process for melt-polymerizing an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a diaryl carbonate.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6003564A JP2862781B2 (en) | 1994-01-18 | 1994-01-18 | Method for producing aromatic polycarbonate |
KR1019950000662A KR0184620B1 (en) | 1994-01-18 | 1995-01-17 | Semiconductor device and its manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6003564A JP2862781B2 (en) | 1994-01-18 | 1994-01-18 | Method for producing aromatic polycarbonate |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH07207014A JPH07207014A (en) | 1995-08-08 |
JP2862781B2 true JP2862781B2 (en) | 1999-03-03 |
Family
ID=11560931
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP6003564A Expired - Fee Related JP2862781B2 (en) | 1994-01-18 | 1994-01-18 | Method for producing aromatic polycarbonate |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2862781B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR0184620B1 (en) |
-
1994
- 1994-01-18 JP JP6003564A patent/JP2862781B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-01-17 KR KR1019950000662A patent/KR0184620B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR0184620B1 (en) | 1999-03-20 |
KR950024358A (en) | 1995-08-21 |
JPH07207014A (en) | 1995-08-08 |
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