JP2851643B2 - Cylindrical alkaline battery - Google Patents
Cylindrical alkaline batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JP2851643B2 JP2851643B2 JP18765689A JP18765689A JP2851643B2 JP 2851643 B2 JP2851643 B2 JP 2851643B2 JP 18765689 A JP18765689 A JP 18765689A JP 18765689 A JP18765689 A JP 18765689A JP 2851643 B2 JP2851643 B2 JP 2851643B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nonwoven fabric
- separator
- cylindrical
- fabric layer
- positive electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y02E60/12—
Landscapes
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ＜産業上の利用分野＞ この発明は、筒形アルカリ電池に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a cylindrical alkaline battery.
＜従来の技術＞ 筒形アルカリ電池では、一般的に、有底円筒状に加工
した電池缶の内周に沿ってリング状の正極合剤を圧入や
加工成形などで収納し、またこの正極合剤の内側に、セ
パレータを介して、ゲル状の亜鉛負極を所定量注入した
後、絶縁ガスケットや端子板などで電池缶開口部を封口
する構造が採られている。<Conventional technology> In a cylindrical alkaline battery, a ring-shaped positive electrode mixture is generally housed by press-fitting, processing, or the like along the inner periphery of a battery can processed into a bottomed cylindrical shape. A structure is adopted in which a predetermined amount of a gelled zinc negative electrode is injected into the inside of the agent via a separator, and then the opening of the battery can is sealed with an insulating gasket or terminal plate.
上記のセパレータとしては、通常、ポリプロピレン繊
維の如きポリオレフィン系繊維，レーヨン繊維，あるい
はビニロン繊維などが主成分とし、これにパルプやリン
ターなどを適宜混合した耐電解液性の不織布シートが使
用されている。As the separator, a non-woven fabric sheet having an electrolytic solution, which is mainly composed of a polyolefin fiber such as a polypropylene fiber, rayon fiber, or vinylon fiber as a main component, and appropriately mixed with pulp or linter is used. .
そして、例えばビニロン繊維を主成分とする不織布シ
ートを用いた場合、この不織布シートを円筒状に巻回し
た後、その開口部の一方を熱融着により閉塞して底部と
した有底円筒状のセパレータが用いられる。また、円筒
状に巻回した不織布シートの電池缶内底面側の開口部を
この内底面に介在させた熱溶融性樹脂等で閉塞して底部
とする構造も使用される。And, for example, when using a non-woven sheet mainly composed of vinylon fiber, after winding this non-woven sheet into a cylindrical shape, one of the openings is closed by heat fusion to form a bottomed cylindrical shape having a bottom. A separator is used. Further, a structure is also used in which the opening on the inner bottom surface side of the battery can of the nonwoven fabric sheet wound in a cylindrical shape is closed with a hot-melt resin or the like interposed on the inner bottom surface to form a bottom.
＜発明が解決しようとする課題＞ ところで、この種のアルカリ電池では、正極である正
極合剤における電池反応は、MnO2＋H2O→MnOOH＋OH-＋e
-で表される水分消費反応である。このため、セパレー
タに用いる不織布として細い繊維で構成される気密なも
のを用いた場合、その電解液の保持性が低いことから、
放電進行とともに電解液が漸次枯渇し、従って正極合剤
における上記反応が円滑に進まなくなり、電池性能に悪
影響がでるという問題が生じる。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> Meanwhile, in this type of alkaline battery, the battery reaction in the positive electrode mixture as the positive electrode is MnO 2 + H 2 O → MnOOH + OH − + e
- a represented by water consumption reaction. For this reason, when an air-tight non-woven fabric used for the separator is formed of thin fibers, the retention of the electrolyte is low.
As the discharge proceeds, the electrolytic solution is gradually depleted, so that the above-described reaction in the positive electrode mixture does not proceed smoothly, causing a problem that the battery performance is adversely affected.
一方、これとは逆に気密性の低い不織布で作ったセパ
レータを用いた場合、セパレータの保液性が高く、従っ
て上記反応をスムーズに進めることができる。On the other hand, when a separator made of a non-woven fabric having low airtightness is used, on the other hand, the liquid retaining property of the separator is high, and thus the above-described reaction can proceed smoothly.
ところで、この筒形アルカリ電池では、亜鉛負極にお
いてストック中に亜鉛のデンドライトが成長し、これが
セパレータを貫通して正極合剤に達することが原因で、
電池内部で部分的な内部短絡が生じて開路電圧の低下を
招くことがある。By the way, in this cylindrical alkaline battery, zinc dendrite grows in stock at the zinc negative electrode, and this penetrates through the separator to reach the positive electrode mixture,
In some cases, a partial internal short circuit occurs inside the battery, resulting in a decrease in open circuit voltage.
この場合において、セパレータとして上記のように気
密性の低い不織布で作られたものを用いた時には、上記
のような内部短絡が発生する度合いが大きく、従って内
部短絡による電圧不良が発生し易くなるという問題があ
る。In this case, when a separator made of a non-woven fabric having low airtightness as described above is used, the degree of occurrence of the internal short-circuit as described above is large, and therefore, voltage failure due to the internal short-circuit is likely to occur. There's a problem.
この発明は、このような内部短絡を起こし難く且つセ
パレータにおける保液性も高くて電池性能が良好な、筒
形アルカリ電池を提供することを目的とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical alkaline battery which is unlikely to cause such an internal short circuit, has a high liquid retention property in the separator, and has good battery performance.
＜課題を解決するための手段＞ この発明の筒形アルカリ電池は、有底円筒状の電池缶
内に、正極合剤，セパレータ，亜鉛負極を外側から順次
配してなる発電要素を収納した筒形アルカリ電池におい
て、 前記セパレータとして、透気度が３〜5sec/100ccである
円筒状の高密度の不織布層の外周に、透気度が0.7〜0.9
sec/100ccである円筒状の低密度の不織布層を配したも
のを用い、高密度の不織布層が前記亜鉛負極に接すると
ともに、低密度の不織布層が前記正極合剤に接するよう
にしたことを要旨とする。<Means for Solving the Problems> A cylindrical alkaline battery according to the present invention is a cylindrical alkaline battery having a bottomed cylindrical battery housing a power generating element in which a positive electrode mixture, a separator, and a zinc negative electrode are sequentially arranged from the outside. In the type alkaline battery, the separator has an air permeability of 0.7 to 0.9 around the outer periphery of a cylindrical high-density nonwoven fabric layer having an air permeability of 3 to 5 sec / 100 cc.
Using a cylindrical low-density nonwoven fabric layer of sec / 100 cc, a high-density nonwoven fabric layer is in contact with the zinc negative electrode, and a low-density nonwoven fabric layer is in contact with the positive electrode mixture. Make a summary.
上記の不織布層としては、レーヨン繊維，ポリプロピ
レン繊維，あるいはビニロン繊維などを主体とするもの
が用いられる。このうち、特にビニロン繊維を主体とす
るものは、保液性も良好であり、また熱収縮並びに融着
し易いので上記したようにセパレータ開口部の一方を閉
塞して底部とする構成の場合には好適である。As the above-mentioned nonwoven fabric layer, a material mainly composed of rayon fiber, polypropylene fiber, vinylon fiber or the like is used. Among them, especially those mainly composed of vinylon fibers have good liquid retention properties, and also have a configuration in which one of the separator openings is closed to form a bottom as described above because it is easy to heat shrink and fuse. Is preferred.
上記の高密度の不織布層はその透気度が３〜5sec/100
cc程度、保液率が300％以上のものが好適である。透気
度がこの範囲より小さいと亜鉛のデンドライトを有効に
防止できず、一方この範囲より大きい場合には保液性の
低下に因る性能低下が起きるようになる。尚、透気度と
は、JIS P 8117による透気度を指す。The high-density nonwoven fabric layer has an air permeability of 3 to 5 sec / 100.
Those having a liquid retention rate of about cc and 300% or more are preferable. If the air permeability is smaller than this range, zinc dendrite cannot be effectively prevented, while if it is larger than this range, performance degradation due to a decrease in liquid retention occurs. The air permeability refers to the air permeability according to JIS P8117.
また低密度で保液性の高い不織布層の透気度は0.7〜
0.9sec/100cc程度、保液率が450％以上のものが好まし
く、透気度がこの範囲より大きいと十分な保液性が得ら
れない。一方、透気度がこの範囲より小さい場合には正
極の二酸化マンガンや黒鉛がセパレータ内に侵入し、内
部短絡を助長する事になる。The air permeability of the non-woven fabric layer with low density and high liquid retention is 0.7 ~
It is preferable that the liquid retention rate is about 0.9 sec / 100 cc and the liquid retention rate is 450% or more. If the air permeability is larger than this range, sufficient liquid retention properties cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the air permeability is smaller than this range, manganese dioxide or graphite of the positive electrode infiltrates into the separator and promotes an internal short circuit.
これら高密度の不織布層と低密度で保液性の高い不織
布層から構成されるセパレータの厚さは、通常0.3〜0.5
mmであり、このうち高密度の不織布層は0.2mm程度，ま
た低密度で保液性の高い不織布層は0.2mm程度とすれば
良い。The thickness of the separator composed of the high-density nonwoven fabric layer and the low-density nonwoven fabric layer having a high liquid retaining property is usually 0.3 to 0.5.
mm, of which the high-density nonwoven fabric layer is about 0.2 mm, and the low-density nonwoven fabric layer with high liquid retention is about 0.2 mm.
また、高密度の不織布層としては0.3〜0.5デニールの
繊維で作ったものを、低密度の不織布層としては0.8〜
1.3デニールの繊維からなるものを、それぞれ用いれば
良い。In addition, a high-density non-woven fabric layer made of 0.3 to 0.5 denier fiber is used as a low-density non-woven fabric layer.
A fiber made of 1.3 denier fiber may be used.
セパレータをこのような２種の不織布層で構成する場
合、例えば実施例で説明したように、高密度の不織布シ
ートと低密度で保液性の高い不織布シートとを重ね合
せ、またこれらの不織布シートを、高密度の不織布シー
トが内周側（つまり亜鉛負極側）に、且つ低密度で保液
性の高い不織布シートが外周側（つまり正極合剤側）に
くるように円筒状に巻回する構成とすれば良い。When the separator is composed of such two types of nonwoven fabric layers, for example, as described in Examples, a high density nonwoven fabric sheet and a low density, high liquid retention nonwoven fabric sheet are overlapped, and these nonwoven fabric sheets are Is wound in a cylindrical shape such that the high-density nonwoven fabric sheet is on the inner peripheral side (that is, the zinc negative electrode side) and the low-density nonwoven fabric sheet with high liquid retention is on the outer peripheral side (that is, the positive electrode mixture side). What is necessary is just a structure.
＜作用＞ 上記のように正極負極側に高密度の不織布を設けるこ
とで、亜鉛負極から正極合剤への亜鉛のデンドライトの
成長が確実に抑制され、上記のような内部短絡が起こり
難くなる。<Function> By providing a high-density nonwoven fabric on the positive electrode and negative electrode side as described above, the growth of zinc dendrites from the zinc negative electrode to the positive electrode mixture is reliably suppressed, and the above-described internal short circuit is unlikely to occur.
また、正極合剤側に低密度で保液性の高い不織布を配
することで、セパレータの正極合剤側に充分な電解液を
保持させておくことができ、正極合剤における上記の電
池反応が阻害されることがない。In addition, by disposing a non-woven fabric having a low density and a high liquid retention property on the positive electrode mixture side, it is possible to hold a sufficient electrolytic solution on the positive electrode mixture side of the separator, and the above-described battery reaction in the positive electrode mixture is performed. Is not inhibited.
＜実施例＞ 以下に実施例を説明する。<Example> An example will be described below.
透気度4.5sec/100cc,保液率380％，厚さ0.15mmのビニ
ロン不織布Ａと、透気度0.8sec/100cc,保液率450％，厚
さ0.15mmのビニロン不織布Ｂとを重合せて積層し、また
ビニロン不織布Ａを内周側に配した状態で、この積層物
を１回巻回して筒状に丸めた後、この筒状物の一方の開
口端を熱融着して塞いで底部とし、有底円筒状のセパレ
ータを作った。A vinylon nonwoven fabric A having an air permeability of 4.5 sec / 100 cc and a liquid retention ratio of 380% and a thickness of 0.15 mm is polymerized with a vinylon nonwoven fabric B having an air permeability of 0.8 sec / 100 cc and a liquid retention ratio of 450% and a thickness of 0.15 mm. In a state where the vinylon nonwoven fabric A is arranged on the inner peripheral side, the laminate is wound once and rolled into a cylindrical shape, and one open end of the cylindrical material is closed by heat fusion. A bottomed cylindrical separator was made with the above.
そして、添付図面に示したように、電極端子を一体形
成した電池缶１の内部に、リング状の正極合剤２を圧入
し、次いで上記で得た有底円筒状のセパレータ３をこの
正極合剤２の内側に入れた後、ゲル状の亜鉛負極４をセ
パレータ３の内側に所定量注入し、最後に電池缶開口部
に封口ガスケット5,並びに端子板６を載置し、電池缶開
口部を内側にかしめ、その開口周端と端子板外周との間
で封口ガスケット５を挟圧するなどして、LR6の筒形ア
ルカリ電池（本発明品）を組立てた。Then, as shown in the accompanying drawings, a ring-shaped positive electrode mixture 2 is press-fitted into a battery can 1 integrally formed with electrode terminals, and then the bottomed cylindrical separator 3 obtained above is mixed with the positive electrode mixture. After being put inside the agent 2, a predetermined amount of the gelled zinc negative electrode 4 is injected into the inside of the separator 3, and finally, the sealing gasket 5 and the terminal plate 6 are placed in the opening of the battery can. Was crimped inward, and the sealing gasket 5 was pressed between the peripheral edge of the opening and the outer periphery of the terminal plate to assemble the LR6 cylindrical alkaline battery (product of the present invention).
この本発明品を1000個作り、これらに関し放電抵抗10
Ωで終止電圧0.9Vまで連続放電させるという高負荷放電
試験を行い、これらの放電時間をそれぞれ測定した。ま
た同じく本発明品の電池1000個について、組立て３週間
後における開路電圧の不良（開路電圧が1.58V以下のも
の）数をそれぞれ調べた。This product of the present invention was made in 1000 pieces, and the discharge resistance was 10
A high-load discharge test was performed in which a continuous discharge was performed to a final voltage of 0.9 V with Ω, and the respective discharge times were measured. Similarly, the number of defective open-circuit voltages (those having an open-circuit voltage of 1.58 V or less) after three weeks of assembly was examined for 1000 batteries of the present invention.
一方、従来より使用されている透気度1.8sec/100cc,
保液率410％，厚さ0.15mmのビニロン不織布を２枚重合
せ且つ上記と同様に円筒状に巻回するなどして作ったセ
パレータを用いた他は本発明品と同様に組立てを行っ
て、LR6の筒形アルカリ電池（比較品）を作製し、上記
本発明品と同じくそれぞれ1000個づつについて高負荷放
電試験と開路電圧不良数を調査した。On the other hand, the air permeability 1.8sec / 100cc,
Assembled in the same manner as the product of the present invention except that a separator made by superposing two vinylon nonwoven fabrics having a liquid retention ratio of 410% and a thickness of 0.15 mm and winding them into a cylindrical shape in the same manner as above was used. LR6 cylindrical alkaline battery (comparative product) was prepared, and a high-load discharge test and the number of open circuit voltage defects were investigated for each of 1000 batteries as in the case of the above-described present invention product.
これらの結果は表１に併せて示した通りである。 These results are as shown in Table 1.
以上はビニロン不織布を用いた例であるが、この他、
レーヨン不織布やポリプロピレン不織布を用いた場合も
同様な結果が得られた。 The above is an example using a vinylon nonwoven fabric.
Similar results were obtained when rayon nonwoven fabric or polypropylene nonwoven fabric was used.
＜発明の効果＞ 以上のようにこの発明によれば、亜鉛デンドライトの
セパレータ貫通に起因する前記のような内部短絡を起こ
し難く、また保液性が高くて電池性能が良好な、筒形ア
ルカリ電池を提供することができる。<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, a cylindrical alkaline battery which is unlikely to cause the above-described internal short circuit due to penetration of a zinc dendrite through a separator, has high liquid retention properties, and has good battery performance. Can be provided.
添付図面は実施例の電池の断面図である。 １……電池缶、２……正極合剤、３……セパレータ、４
……亜鉛負極、６……端子板、７……外装フィルム、８
……集電棒。The accompanying drawings are cross-sectional views of the battery of the embodiment. 1 ... battery can, 2 ... positive electrode mixture, 3 ... separator, 4
... Zinc negative electrode, 6 terminal board, 7 exterior film, 8
…… a collecting rod.
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 佐野 宏章 東京都港区新橋５丁目36番11号 富士電 気化学株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平１−173567（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 平１−139355（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) H01M 2/16 H01M 6/06 - 6/08Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Hiroaki Sano 5-36-11 Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside Fuji Electric Chemical Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-1-173567 (JP, A) 139355 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) H01M 2/16 H01M 6/ 06-6/08
Claims (1)
レータ，亜鉛負極を外側から順次配してなる発電要素を
収納した筒形アルカリ電池において、 前記セパレータとして、透気度が３〜5sec/100ccである
円筒状の高密度の不織布層の外周に、透気度が0.7〜0.9
sec/100ccである円筒状の低密度の不織布層を配したも
のを用い、高密度の不織布層が前記亜鉛負極に接すると
ともに、低密度の不織布層が前記正極合剤に接するよう
にしたことを特徴とする筒形アルカリ電池。1. A cylindrical alkaline battery containing a power generating element in which a positive electrode mixture, a separator, and a zinc negative electrode are sequentially arranged from the outside in a cylindrical battery can having a bottom, wherein the separator has air permeability. The air permeability is 0.7 to 0.9 on the outer periphery of the cylindrical high-density nonwoven fabric layer of 3 to 5 sec / 100 cc.
Using a cylindrical low-density nonwoven fabric layer of sec / 100 cc, a high-density nonwoven fabric layer is in contact with the zinc negative electrode, and a low-density nonwoven fabric layer is in contact with the positive electrode mixture. Characteristic cylindrical alkaline battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18765689A JP2851643B2 (en) | 1989-07-20 | 1989-07-20 | Cylindrical alkaline battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18765689A JP2851643B2 (en) | 1989-07-20 | 1989-07-20 | Cylindrical alkaline battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0353446A JPH0353446A (en) | 1991-03-07 |
| JP2851643B2 true JP2851643B2 (en) | 1999-01-27 |
Family
ID=16209900
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18765689A Expired - Fee Related JP2851643B2 (en) | 1989-07-20 | 1989-07-20 | Cylindrical alkaline battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2851643B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2313790A1 (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 1999-07-08 | Duracell Inc. | Battery cathode |
| JP2002237309A (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-08-23 | Fdk Corp | Alkaline cell |
| JP4739696B2 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2011-08-03 | 株式会社クラレ | Alkaline battery separator and alkaline primary battery |
| JP4957310B2 (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2012-06-20 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Easy-to-open gusset bag |
-
1989
- 1989-07-20 JP JP18765689A patent/JP2851643B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0353446A (en) | 1991-03-07 |
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