JP2816526B2 - Multi-source refrigeration equipment - Google Patents
Multi-source refrigeration equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP2816526B2 JP2816526B2 JP29738493A JP29738493A JP2816526B2 JP 2816526 B2 JP2816526 B2 JP 2816526B2 JP 29738493 A JP29738493 A JP 29738493A JP 29738493 A JP29738493 A JP 29738493A JP 2816526 B2 JP2816526 B2 JP 2816526B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- expansion valve
- condenser
- pressure
- cascade condenser
- compressor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は複数台の冷凍機を多段に
接続して超低温に冷却するために用いる多元冷凍装置に
関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-stage refrigeration apparatus for connecting a plurality of refrigerators in multiple stages and cooling them to an extremely low temperature.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】最近、マグロなどの鮮魚の冷凍保存温度
は、−６０℃〜−７０℃という超低温になってきてお
り、鮮魚の保管庫をこのように低い温度に冷却するには
多元冷凍装置が用いられる。2. Description of the Related Art Recently, the freezing storage temperature of fresh fish such as tuna has been reduced to an extremely low temperature of -60.degree. C. to -70.degree. Is used.
【０００３】この多元冷凍装置では、高元側冷凍機の凝
縮器を冷却水により冷却するとともに、この高元側の冷
却コイルを低元側冷凍機の圧縮機から吐出される冷媒ガ
スを凝縮する凝縮器のカスケードコンデンサに接続し
て、複数台の冷凍機を熱交換器（カスケードコンデン
サ）によって連結することで、低元側の冷却器によって
冷凍庫などの熱負荷を非常に低い温度に冷却するもので
ある。冷凍機を２段に接続した場合、高元側冷凍機は第
１元冷凍機となり、低元側冷凍機が第２元冷凍機とな
る。In this multi-stage refrigeration apparatus, the condenser of the high-side refrigerator is cooled by cooling water, and the high-side cooling coil condenses the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor of the low-side refrigerator. By connecting to a cascade condenser of a condenser and connecting multiple refrigerators by a heat exchanger (cascade condenser), the heat load of the freezer etc. is cooled to a very low temperature by the cooler on the lower side. It is. When the refrigerators are connected in two stages, the higher-stage refrigerator becomes the first-stage refrigerator and the lower-stage refrigerator becomes the second-stage refrigerator.
【０００４】このような多元冷凍装置では、従来カスケ
ードコンデンサの冷却用に１台の温度式または電子式の
膨脹弁を使用していた。[0004] In such a multi-stage refrigeration system, one temperature or electronic expansion valve has conventionally been used for cooling the cascade condenser.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述した従来の多元冷
凍装置では、冷凍装置の立ち上げ時に、まず第１元冷凍
機を運転し、カスケードコンデンサを冷却する。カスケ
ードコンデンサが冷却するにつれて、温度式または電子
式の膨脹弁（第１元膨脹弁）が絞り方向に動く。第２元
冷凍機が、起動可能の温度または圧力となると、第１元
膨脹弁はかなり絞り込んだ状態となり、まだ絞り方向に
動いている。この状態で、第２元冷凍機が起動するため
に、第２元高圧の上昇スピードと第１元膨脹弁の開くス
ピードとが競い合うかたちとなり、第１元膨脹弁の開く
スピードが勝ると、第２元高圧はＨＰスイッチの設定圧
力内で納まる。一方、第１元膨脹弁の開くスピードが遅
れると、ＨＰスイッチが作動して冷凍機停止状態となっ
てしまう。冷凍機を３段に接続した場合でも同様であ
る。In the conventional multi-stage refrigeration system described above, when the refrigeration system is started, the first refrigeration system is first operated to cool the cascade condenser. As the cascade condenser cools, the thermal or electronic expansion valve (first expansion valve) moves in the direction of the throttle. When the temperature of the second source refrigerator reaches a temperature or pressure at which the second source refrigerator can be started, the first source expansion valve is in a considerably narrowed state, and is still moving in the throttling direction. In this state, in order for the second source refrigerator to start, the rising speed of the second source high pressure and the opening speed of the first source expansion valve compete with each other. The binary high pressure falls within the set pressure of the HP switch. On the other hand, if the opening speed of the first main expansion valve is delayed, the HP switch is activated and the refrigerator stops. The same applies to the case where the refrigerators are connected in three stages.
【０００６】本発明は、このような従来の技術が有する
課題を解決するために提案されたものであり、冷凍装置
の起動時に低元側冷凍機が停止状態となるのを防止でき
る多元冷凍装置を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed to solve the problems of the prior art, and is a multi-stage refrigeration apparatus which can prevent the low-side refrigerator from being stopped when the refrigeration apparatus is started. The purpose is to provide.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するため
に、本発明の冷凍装置は複数台の冷凍機を凝縮器をなす
カスケードコンデンサで多段に連結した多元冷凍装置に
おいて、低元側の圧縮機の吐出側が接続される凝縮器と
なるカスケードコンデンサに対して、高元側の圧縮機の
吐出側を凝縮器、膨脹弁を介して上記カスケードコンデ
ンサのコイルの入口に接続するにあたって、この膨脹弁
に、補助膨脹弁とこの膨脹弁用電磁弁の直列回路を並列
に接続するとともに、上記カスケードコンデンサ内の圧
力を受けて作動する圧力スイッチを設け、この圧力スイ
ッチによって上記補助膨脹弁用電磁弁の開閉を制御する
構成としてある。In order to achieve this object, a refrigeration system according to the present invention is a multi-stage refrigeration system in which a plurality of refrigerators are connected in multiple stages by a cascade condenser forming a condenser. When the discharge side of the compressor on the higher side is connected to the inlet of the coil of the cascade condenser through a condenser and an expansion valve, the expansion valve is connected to the cascade condenser serving as a condenser to which the discharge side of the compressor is connected. And a pressure switch that operates by receiving a pressure in the cascade condenser while connecting a series circuit of the auxiliary expansion valve and the solenoid valve for the expansion valve in parallel. The pressure switch operates the solenoid valve for the auxiliary expansion valve. It is configured to control opening and closing.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】多元冷凍装置の立ち上げ時は、カスケードコン
デンサ用の膨脹弁が絞り込んでいるので、低元側冷凍機
を起動すると、膨脹弁が開くスピードより、低元側高圧
の上昇スピードの方が早くなることがある。[Function] When the multi-stage refrigeration system is started, the expansion valve for the cascade condenser is narrowed. Therefore, when the low-stage refrigerator is started, the rising speed of the low-stage high pressure is faster than the opening speed of the expansion valve. May be faster.
【０００９】上述した構成によれば、カスケードコンデ
ンサ内の低元側高圧が上昇した場合に、圧力スイッチが
オンして膨脹弁用電磁弁が開かれ、補助膨脹弁を介して
冷媒液がカスケードコンデンサのコイルに送液されるよ
うになるので、低元側高圧の上昇が抑えられ、低元側冷
凍機が高圧異常により停止するのを防止できる。低元側
高圧が下がれば、圧力スイッチがオフして膨脹弁用電磁
弁が閉じる。According to the above-mentioned structure, when the low-side high pressure in the cascade condenser rises, the pressure switch is turned on, the solenoid valve for the expansion valve is opened, and the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the cascade condenser via the auxiliary expansion valve. Since the liquid is sent to the first coil, the rise of the high pressure on the low side is suppressed, and it is possible to prevent the low side refrigerator from stopping due to a high pressure abnormality. When the low side high pressure drops, the pressure switch turns off and the expansion valve solenoid valve closes.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】以下、本発明による多元冷凍装置の具体的な
実施例を図面に基づき詳細に説明する。図１の系統図
に、この多元冷凍装置の一実施例を示す。この図で、第
１元圧縮機１は、２段に構成され、前段の圧縮機１ａの
吐出管が後段の圧縮機１ｂの吸入管に接続される。後段
の圧縮機１ｂの吐出管は、コイル２ａに冷却水が通され
る凝縮器２の入口に接続され、この凝縮器２の出口が膨
脹弁３を介して中間冷却器４のコイル４ａの入口に接続
される。この中間冷却器４のコイル４ａの出口は、後段
の圧縮機１ｂの吸入管に接続される。また、凝縮器２の
出口は中間冷却器４の入口に接続され、この中間冷却器
４の出口は電磁弁６、膨脹弁５を介してカスケードコン
デンサ９のコイル９ａの入口に接続される。カスケード
コンデンサ９のコイル９ａの出口は、前段の圧縮機１ａ
の吸入管に接続される。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of a multi-stage refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The system diagram of FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the multi-source refrigeration apparatus. In this figure, the first main compressor 1 is configured in two stages, and the discharge pipe of the former compressor 1a is connected to the suction pipe of the latter compressor 1b. The discharge pipe of the compressor 1b at the subsequent stage is connected to the inlet of the condenser 2 through which the cooling water passes through the coil 2a. The outlet of the condenser 2 is connected to the inlet of the coil 4a of the intercooler 4 via the expansion valve 3. Connected to. The outlet of the coil 4a of the intercooler 4 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 1b at the subsequent stage. The outlet of the condenser 2 is connected to the inlet of the intercooler 4, and the outlet of the intercooler 4 is connected to the inlet of the coil 9 a of the cascade condenser 9 via the solenoid valve 6 and the expansion valve 5. The outlet of the coil 9a of the cascade condenser 9 is connected to the compressor 1a
Connected to the suction pipe.
【００１１】また、カスケードコンデンサ９のコイル９
ａの入口側の電磁弁６、膨脹弁５には、カスケードコン
デンサ９の高圧防止用の補助用の小型の膨脹弁７が並列
に接続されている。この膨脹弁７の入口側には小型の電
磁弁８が直列に接続され、この電磁弁８はカスケードコ
ンデンサ９に接続される圧力スイッチ１５によって開閉
が制御される。The coil 9 of the cascade capacitor 9
A small expansion valve 7 is connected in parallel to the solenoid valve 6 and the expansion valve 5 on the inlet side of FIG. A small solenoid valve 8 is connected in series to the inlet side of the expansion valve 7, and the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 8 is controlled by a pressure switch 15 connected to a cascade condenser 9.
【００１２】一方、第２元圧縮機１０の吐出管は、吐出
ガスを水などで予冷却するデ・スーパーヒータ（吐出ガ
ス冷却器）１１を介してカスケードコンデンサ９の入口
に接続され、このカスケードコンデンサ９の出口は膨脹
弁１２を介して負荷冷却用の冷却器１３の冷却コイル１
３ａの入口に接続される。この冷却コイル１３ａの出口
は、圧縮機１０の吸入管に接続される。なお、デ・スー
パーヒータ１１の出口は保護容器１４を介して第２元圧
縮機１０の吸入管に接続される。On the other hand, the discharge pipe of the second compressor 10 is connected to the inlet of the cascade condenser 9 through a desuperheater (discharge gas cooler) 11 for pre-cooling the discharge gas with water or the like. The outlet of the condenser 9 is connected via an expansion valve 12 to a cooling coil 1 of a cooler 13 for cooling a load.
3a. The outlet of the cooling coil 13a is connected to a suction pipe of the compressor 10. The outlet of the desuperheater 11 is connected to a suction pipe of the second compressor 10 via a protective container 14.
【００１３】このように構成される多元冷凍装置では、
第１元圧縮機１が起動してから、第２元圧縮機１０が起
動し、カスケードコンデンサ９内の第２元高圧が所定の
圧力より上昇した場合、第２元高圧側に設けた圧力スイ
ッチ１５が作動して、膨脹弁５に対して並列に設けられ
た補助膨脹弁用の電磁弁８を開ける。この動作で、冷媒
が電磁弁８、補助膨脹弁７を介してコイル９ａに流れる
ため、カスケードコンデンサ９への冷媒量が増えて、第
２元側高圧の上昇が抑えられる。暫くして、正規の膨脹
弁５が開き始め、第２元高圧は降下し始める。圧力が設
定値まで下がると、圧力スイッチ１５がオフとなり、補
助膨脹弁用の電磁弁８を閉とする。In the multi-unit refrigeration system configured as described above,
When the second main compressor 10 starts after the first main compressor 1 starts and the second main high pressure in the cascade condenser 9 rises above a predetermined pressure, a pressure switch provided on the second main high pressure side 15 operates to open the solenoid valve 8 for the auxiliary expansion valve provided in parallel with the expansion valve 5. In this operation, the refrigerant flows to the coil 9a via the solenoid valve 8 and the auxiliary expansion valve 7, so that the amount of the refrigerant to the cascade condenser 9 increases, and an increase in the second source side high pressure is suppressed. After a while, the normal expansion valve 5 starts to open, and the second primary high pressure starts to drop. When the pressure falls to the set value, the pressure switch 15 is turned off, and the solenoid valve 8 for the auxiliary expansion valve is closed.
【００１４】図２は、補助膨脹弁７の作動を例示したも
のである。この例では、通常運転圧力が８ｋｇ／ｃｍ２
Ｇに設定され、低元側のＨＰスイッチの設定圧力値が１
６ｋｇ／ｃｍ２Ｇに設定されている。カスケードコンデ
ンサ９内の圧力が、１２ｋｇ／ｃｍ２Ｇに達したとき
に、圧力スイッチ１５がオンして補助の電磁弁８が開
き、補助膨脹弁７が送液を開始する。カスケードコンデ
ンサ９内の圧力が、１０ｋｇ／ｃｍ２Ｇまで低下する
と、圧力スイッチ１５がオフして補助の電磁弁８が閉
じ、補助膨脹弁７が送液を停止する。FIG. 2 illustrates the operation of the auxiliary expansion valve 7. In this example, the normal operating pressure is 8 kg / cm 2
G is set, and the set pressure value of the HP switch on the lower element side is 1
It is set to 6 kg / cm 2 G. When the pressure in the cascade condenser 9 reaches 12 kg / cm 2 G, the pressure switch 15 turns on, the auxiliary solenoid valve 8 opens, and the auxiliary expansion valve 7 starts liquid supply. When the pressure in the cascade condenser 9 drops to 10 kg / cm 2 G, the pressure switch 15 is turned off, the auxiliary solenoid valve 8 is closed, and the auxiliary expansion valve 7 stops sending liquid.
【００１５】なお、上述した実施例では２元冷凍装置の
例を示したが、本発明は冷凍機を３段に連結した３元冷
凍装置にも適用できる。In the above-described embodiment, an example of a two-way refrigeration apparatus has been described. However, the present invention can be applied to a three-way refrigeration apparatus in which refrigerators are connected in three stages.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、カ
スケードコンデンサのコイルの入口に接続される膨脹弁
に対して補助膨脹弁とこの膨脹弁用電磁弁の直列回路を
並列に接続し、カスケードコンデンサ内の圧力を受けて
作動する圧力スイッチによって膨脹弁用電磁弁の開閉を
制御するようにしたので、多元冷凍装置を起動すると
き、カスケードコンデンサ内の圧力（低元側高圧）が上
昇すると、圧力スイッチがオンして膨脹弁用電磁弁が開
き、補助膨脹弁を介して冷媒がカスケードコンデンサの
コイルに多く流れるので、低元側高圧の上昇が抑えら
れ、低元側の冷凍機の動作停止を回避できる。As described above, according to the present invention, the series circuit of the auxiliary expansion valve and the expansion valve solenoid valve is connected in parallel to the expansion valve connected to the inlet of the coil of the cascade capacitor. The opening and closing of the expansion valve solenoid valve is controlled by a pressure switch that operates in response to the pressure in the cascade condenser, so when starting the multi-stage refrigeration system, if the pressure in the cascade condenser (lower side high pressure) rises The pressure switch is turned on, the solenoid valve for the expansion valve opens, and a large amount of refrigerant flows through the auxiliary expansion valve to the coil of the cascade condenser. Stops can be avoided.
【００１７】これにより、多段冷凍機をスムーズに起動
することができ、多元冷凍装置の円滑な運転に有効であ
る。Thus, the multi-stage refrigerator can be started smoothly, which is effective for the smooth operation of the multi-stage refrigerator.
【図１】本発明による多元冷凍装置の一実施例を示す系
統図。FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of a multi-source refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention.
【図２】補助膨脹弁の作動例を示す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an operation example of an auxiliary expansion valve.
１ 第１元圧縮機 ２ 凝縮器 ３ 膨脹弁 ４ 中間冷却器 ５ 膨脹弁 ６ 電磁弁 ７ 補助膨脹弁 ８ 補助膨脹弁用の電磁弁 ９ カスケードコンデンサ ９ａ コイル １０ 第２元圧縮機 １１ デ・スーパーヒータ １２ 膨脹弁 １３ 冷却器 １３ａ 冷却コイル １４ 保護容器 １５ 圧力スイッチ REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 first unit compressor 2 condenser 3 expansion valve 4 intercooler 5 expansion valve 6 solenoid valve 7 auxiliary expansion valve 8 solenoid valve for auxiliary expansion valve 9 cascade condenser 9a coil 10 second unit compressor 11 desuperheater 12 expansion valve 13 cooler 13a cooling coil 14 protective container 15 pressure switch
Claims (1)
コンデンサで多段に連結した多元冷凍装置において、低
元側の圧縮機の吐出側が接続される凝縮器となるカスケ
ードコンデンサに対して、高元側の圧縮機の吐出側を凝
縮器、膨脹弁を介して上記カスケードコンデンサのコイ
ルの入口に接続するにあたって、この膨脹弁に、補助膨
脹弁とこの膨脹弁用電磁弁の直列回路を並列に接続する
とともに、上記カスケードコンデンサ内の圧力を受けて
作動する圧力スイッチを設け、この圧力スイッチによっ
て上記補助膨脹弁用電磁弁の開閉を制御することを特徴
とする多元冷凍装置。In a multi-stage refrigeration system in which a plurality of refrigerators are connected in multiple stages by a cascade condenser forming a condenser, a high-pressure cascade condenser serving as a condenser to which a discharge side of a lower compressor is connected is connected. When connecting the discharge side of the original compressor to the inlet of the coil of the cascade condenser through a condenser and an expansion valve, a series circuit of an auxiliary expansion valve and a solenoid valve for the expansion valve is connected in parallel to the expansion valve. A multi-source refrigeration system, further comprising a pressure switch that is connected and operates by receiving the pressure in the cascade condenser, and controls the opening and closing of the auxiliary expansion valve solenoid valve by the pressure switch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29738493A JP2816526B2 (en) | 1993-11-02 | 1993-11-02 | Multi-source refrigeration equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29738493A JP2816526B2 (en) | 1993-11-02 | 1993-11-02 | Multi-source refrigeration equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07127935A JPH07127935A (en) | 1995-05-19 |
| JP2816526B2 true JP2816526B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 |
Family
ID=17845797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29738493A Expired - Fee Related JP2816526B2 (en) | 1993-11-02 | 1993-11-02 | Multi-source refrigeration equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2816526B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3094997B2 (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-10-03 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Refrigeration equipment |
| US6189329B1 (en) | 2000-04-04 | 2001-02-20 | Venturedyne Limited | Cascade refrigeration system |
-
1993
- 1993-11-02 JP JP29738493A patent/JP2816526B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07127935A (en) | 1995-05-19 |
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