JP2789595B2 - Liquid crystal electro-optical element - Google Patents
Liquid crystal electro-optical elementInfo
- Publication number
- JP2789595B2 JP2789595B2 JP63056592A JP5659288A JP2789595B2 JP 2789595 B2 JP2789595 B2 JP 2789595B2 JP 63056592 A JP63056592 A JP 63056592A JP 5659288 A JP5659288 A JP 5659288A JP 2789595 B2 JP2789595 B2 JP 2789595B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- optical
- optical element
- electro
- crystal electro
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、液晶電気光学素子の応用分野であるディス
プレイ、ライトバルブ、光変調器などの装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a device such as a display, a light valve, or a light modulator, which is an application field of a liquid crystal electro-optical element.
従来の液晶電気光学装置において、ねじれ構造を有す
る方式が主流である。In a conventional liquid crystal electro-optical device, a method having a twist structure is mainly used.
ねじれ構造に帰因する分散特性の為、液晶層の層厚ｄ
と、光学異方性Δｎとの積、Δｎ×ｄの値を高目に設定
しなければならず、視角特性が劣る傾向がある。Due to the dispersion characteristics attributed to the twisted structure, the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer
And the value of Δn × d, which is the product of the optical anisotropy Δn and the optical anisotropy Δn, must be set higher, and the viewing angle characteristics tend to be inferior.
また、光学補償板を用いた場合、ねじれ構造を有する
と、Δｎ×ｄの許容下限値が、ねじれ角が大きくなれば
なるだけ高くなる為、同一液晶材料（同一なΔｎの液晶
材料）を用いると応答が遅くなる。さらに、ねじれ構造
を有するものは、一軸性の光学補償板では、完全に補償
出来ず充分な特性を得る為には複数の光学補償板を重ね
るとか、液晶パネルを用いる方式が取られており、コス
トが高くなっていた。In addition, when the optical compensator is used, if the optical compensator has a twist structure, the lower limit of Δn × d increases as the twist angle increases, so that the same liquid crystal material (the same Δn liquid crystal material) is used. And response becomes slow. In addition, those having a twisted structure, a uniaxial optical compensator cannot completely compensate, and in order to obtain sufficient characteristics, a method of stacking a plurality of optical compensators or using a liquid crystal panel has been adopted. Cost was high.
そこで、本発明の目的とするところは、応答性が早
く、且つ低コストで高いコントラストが得られる液晶電
気光学素子を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal electro-optical element which has a quick response and a high contrast at a low cost.
本発明の液晶電気光学素子は、一対の基板間に液晶層
を挟持してなる液晶ポネルと光学補償板とが一対の偏光
板の間に配置されてなる液晶電気光学素子であって、前
記液晶層は液晶分子の配列がねじれ構造を有さず、前記
基板に隣接する前記液晶分子の配列方向がほぼ平行であ
る構造を有し、前記液晶層のΔｎ・ｄが0.2μｍ〜1.0μ
ｍの範囲に設定されてなり、一方の偏光板の偏光軸は前
記液晶分子の配列方向に対して45゜±10゜の範囲に設定
され、且つ他方の偏光板の偏光軸に対して直交するよう
に設定されてなり、前記光学補償板のΔｎ・ｄは前記液
晶層のΔｎ・ｄに等しいかほぼ等しく設定されてなり、
前記液晶電気光学素子を電界印加時に光透過状態とした
ことを特徴とする。The liquid crystal electro-optical element of the present invention is a liquid crystal electro-optical element in which a liquid crystal phonel and an optical compensator having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a pair of substrates are disposed between a pair of polarizing plates. The arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules does not have a twisted structure, the liquid crystal molecules have a structure in which the arrangement directions of the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the substrate are substantially parallel, and Δn · d of the liquid crystal layer is 0.2 μm to 1.0 μm.
m, the polarization axis of one polarizing plate is set in a range of 45 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules, and is orthogonal to the polarization axis of the other polarizing plate. Δn · d of the optical compensator is set equal to or approximately equal to Δn · d of the liquid crystal layer,
The liquid crystal electro-optical element is in a light transmitting state when an electric field is applied.
本発明に用いた液晶電気光学装置の構成を第１図に示
す。ここで、101は偏光板、102はガラス基板、103は透
明電極、104は液晶を封じ込め、かつセル厚を所定の値
に設定する為のシール部、また、105は液晶分子の配列
を模式的に表わすもので、上基板と下基板とで分子長軸
が平行となる様配向処理されている。配向処理は103の
透明電極上を薄くポリイミド樹脂で覆い、それを、布で
一方的にこするラビング処理により行なった。プレティ
ルト角は約３゜であった。ラビングのこすり方向を上下
基板逆平行とすることにより、上下基板に接する分子の
長軸方向が平行の配置を得た。106は、一軸性光学補償
板で、高分子の延伸フィルムを用いた。第２図は、第１
図の一軸性光学補償板106を201の補償用液晶パネルで機
能させたものである。FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the liquid crystal electro-optical device used in the present invention. Here, 101 is a polarizing plate, 102 is a glass substrate, 103 is a transparent electrode, 104 is a sealing portion for enclosing liquid crystal and setting the cell thickness to a predetermined value, and 105 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules. The upper substrate and the lower substrate are oriented so that their molecular long axes are parallel to each other. The alignment treatment was performed by rubbing the transparent electrode 103 covered with a thin polyimide resin and rubbing it unilaterally with a cloth. The pretilt angle was about 3 °. By making the rubbing direction of the rubbing antiparallel to the upper and lower substrates, an arrangement was obtained in which the major axes of the molecules in contact with the upper and lower substrates were parallel. Reference numeral 106 denotes a uniaxial optical compensator, which is a stretched polymer film. FIG. 2 shows the first
In the figure, the uniaxial optical compensator 106 functions as a compensating liquid crystal panel 201.
第３図は本発明において用いた構成要素部分の光学的
な配置を表わし、301、302は上ないし下側偏光板の偏光
軸で、各々直交するかほぼ直交した配置を有し、さらに
303は液晶の分子長軸方向を基板面へ投影した状態を表
わし301と302の偏光軸に対しほぼ45゜の配置を有する。FIG. 3 shows the optical arrangement of the component parts used in the present invention, where 301 and 302 are the polarization axes of the upper or lower polarizer, each having an orthogonal or almost orthogonal arrangement,
Reference numeral 303 denotes a state in which the direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule is projected onto the substrate surface, and has an arrangement of approximately 45 ° with respect to the polarization axes of 301 and 302.
さらに、光学補償板を用いた場合の光軸の方向を第４
図に示す。ここで401は補償板の光軸方向を示してお
り、303の液晶の分子長軸方向の投影方向と直交するか
ほぼ直交の位置に配置されている。Further, the direction of the optical axis when the optical compensator is used is changed to the fourth direction.
Shown in the figure. Here, reference numeral 401 denotes the direction of the optical axis of the compensator, which is disposed at a position orthogonal to or substantially orthogonal to the direction of projection of the liquid crystal 303 in the molecular long axis direction.
〈実施例−１〉 光学補償板を用いない、第３図の配置の実施例を示
す。550nmの波長におけるΔｎが0.095で誘電異方性が＋
5.3の液晶材料を、セル厚2.9μｍの液晶パネルに封入
し、第３図の光学配置に設置しながら、100Hzの矩形波
を0Vo−ｐから6Vo−ｐまで変化させた時の光学変化の様
子を第５図501の曲線で表わす。この場合電界印加時に
黒となるポジ型モードとなる。<Example 1> An example of the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 without using an optical compensator is shown. Δn at wavelength of 550 nm is 0.095 and dielectric anisotropy is +
5.3 a liquid crystal material, enclosed in the liquid crystal panel of cell thickness 2.9 .mu.m, while placed in the optical arrangement of FIG. 3, a rectangular wave of 100H z from 0Vo-p 6Vo-p of optical change when changing up This is represented by the curve in FIG. In this case, the mode becomes a positive type mode that becomes black when an electric field is applied.
応答速度は、室温6Vo−ｐ駆動で立上り、立下り共に
５〜7msecと、同一条件におけるTN型と比較して非常に
速い。The response speed rises and falls 5 to 7 msec when driven at room temperature of 6 Vo-p, which is much faster than the TN type under the same conditions.
〈実施例−２〉 光学補償板を使用した、第４図の配置の実施例を示
す。光学補償板には、高分子の一軸延伸フィルムを使用
し、550nmにおけるΔｎ×ｄが0.28のものを使用した。
液晶パネルは実施例１のものを使用し第４図の配置に設
置し、対向する電極間に100Hzの矩形波を0Vo−ｐから6V
o−ｐまで印加したその際の透過率変化を第５図、502の
曲線に示す。この場合、電界印加時に白く抜けるネガ型
モードとなる。TN型の場合のネガ型モードの特性を、50
4に示すが、電界無印加時、黒レベルの光モレが見られ
る。この原因は第６図に示す様な、液晶パネルの透過率
波長依存性に帰因しており、601、603はそれぞれ本発明
とTN型のオフ状態である黒レベルの波長特性を表わし、
602、604はそれぞれ、本発明とTN型におけるオン状態つ
まり白レベルの波長特性を示している。ここで見られる
通り、TN型のネガモードでは、黒レベルが波長によって
光モレを起こしているのに対し、本発明の液晶電気光学
装置では全波長に渡り均一な遮光がなされ黒がより黒く
なる結果が得られた。Example 2 An example of the arrangement shown in FIG. 4 using an optical compensator is shown. As the optical compensator, a polymer uniaxially stretched film having a Δnxd of 0.28 at 550 nm was used.
6V liquid crystal panel is placed on the arrangement of FIG. 4 using that of Example 1, a rectangular wave of 100H z between opposing electrodes from 0Vo-p
The change in transmittance at that time when the voltage was applied up to op is shown by the curve 502 in FIG. In this case, a negative type mode is formed in which white appears when an electric field is applied. The characteristics of the negative mode in the case of the TN type
As shown in FIG. 4, when no electric field was applied, light leakage at a black level was observed. The cause is attributed to the wavelength dependence of the transmittance of the liquid crystal panel as shown in FIG. 6. Reference numerals 601 and 603 respectively denote the present invention and the TN type off-state black level wavelength characteristics.
Reference numerals 602 and 604 respectively denote wavelength characteristics of an ON state, that is, a white level in the present invention and the TN type. As can be seen, in the negative mode of the TN type, the black level causes light leakage depending on the wavelength, whereas in the liquid crystal electro-optical device of the present invention, uniform light shielding is performed over all wavelengths, and the black becomes darker. was gotten.
〈実施例−３〉 実施例−１に用いた液晶パネルを２組使用し、第２図
に示す構成で配置し片方のパネルのみ通電した場合も実
施例−２と全く同一の効果が得られた。<Embodiment 3> When two sets of liquid crystal panels used in Embodiment 1 are used, arranged in the configuration shown in FIG. 2 and only one of the panels is energized, the same effect as in Embodiment 2 can be obtained. Was.
以下のような構成とすることによって、本発明の液晶
電気光学素子は液晶分子の応答速度を速くすることがで
きるとともに、透過率特性が高い液晶電気光学素子を得
ることができる。With the following configuration, the liquid crystal electro-optical element of the present invention can increase the response speed of liquid crystal molecules and can obtain a liquid crystal electro-optical element having high transmittance characteristics.
第１図、及び第２図は本発明における液晶電気光学素子
の構成を示す図である。 第３図、及び第４図は本発明における液晶電気光学素子
の光学要素の配置を示す図である。 第５図は、本発明及び従来のTN方式の電圧一透過率特性
を示す図である。 第６図は、本発明実施例２、３における透過率の波長特
性を、従来のTN方式と比較して示した図である。 101……偏光板 102……ガラス基板 103……透明電極 104……シール部 105……液晶分子 106……一軸性光学補償板 201……補償用液晶パネル 301、302……偏光軸 303……液晶の分子長軸方向 401……補償板の光軸方向 501、502……本発明の電気光学素子における電圧一透過
率曲線 503、504……従来のTN型素子における電圧一透過率曲線 601、602……本発明の液晶電気光学素子における透過率
の波長特性 603、604……従来のTN型素子における透過率の波長特性1 and 2 are views showing the configuration of a liquid crystal electro-optical element according to the present invention. 3 and 4 are views showing the arrangement of the optical elements of the liquid crystal electro-optical element according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing voltage-transmittance characteristics of the present invention and the conventional TN method. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing wavelength characteristics of transmittance in Examples 2 and 3 of the present invention in comparison with a conventional TN method. 101 polarizing plate 102 glass substrate 103 transparent electrode 104 sealing part 105 liquid crystal molecule 106 uniaxial optical compensator 201 liquid crystal panel for compensation 301, 302 polarization axis 303 Liquid crystal molecular long axis direction 401 ··· Optical axis direction of compensator 501, 502 ··· Voltage-transmittance curve in electro-optical element of the present invention 503, 504… Voltage-transmittance curve 601 in conventional TN type element 602: wavelength characteristic of transmittance in the liquid crystal electro-optical element of the present invention 603, 604: wavelength characteristic of transmittance in the conventional TN type element
Claims (1)
パネルと光学補償板とが一対の偏光板の間に配置されて
なる液晶電気光学素子であって、 前記液晶層は液晶分子の配列がねじれ構造を有さず、前
記基板に隣接する前記液晶分子の配列方向がほぼ平行で
ある構造を有し、前記液晶層のΔｎ・ｄが0.2μｍ〜1.0
μｍの範囲に設定されてなり、一方の偏光板の偏光軸は
前記液晶分子の配列方向に対して45゜±10゜の範囲に設
定され、且つ他方の偏光板の偏光軸に対して直交するよ
うに設定されてなり、前記光学補償板のΔｎ・ｄは前記
液晶層のΔｎ・ｄに等しいかほぼ等しく設定されてな
り、前記液晶電気光学素子を電界印加時に光透過状態と
したことを特徴とする液晶電気光学素子。1. A liquid crystal electro-optical element comprising a liquid crystal panel having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a pair of substrates and an optical compensator disposed between a pair of polarizing plates, wherein the liquid crystal layer has an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules. Does not have a twisted structure, has a structure in which the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the substrate are substantially parallel, and Δn · d of the liquid crystal layer is 0.2 μm to 1.0.
μm, the polarization axis of one polarizing plate is set in a range of 45 ° ± 10 ° with respect to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules, and is orthogonal to the polarization axis of the other polarizing plate. Δn · d of the optical compensator is set to be equal to or approximately equal to Δn · d of the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal electro-optical element is in a light transmitting state when an electric field is applied. Liquid crystal electro-optical element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63056592A JP2789595B2 (en) | 1988-03-10 | 1988-03-10 | Liquid crystal electro-optical element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63056592A JP2789595B2 (en) | 1988-03-10 | 1988-03-10 | Liquid crystal electro-optical element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01230025A JPH01230025A (en) | 1989-09-13 |
| JP2789595B2 true JP2789595B2 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
Family
ID=13031467
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63056592A Expired - Lifetime JP2789595B2 (en) | 1988-03-10 | 1988-03-10 | Liquid crystal electro-optical element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2789595B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2855649B2 (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1999-02-10 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Projection display device |
| US5175638A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1992-12-29 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | ECB type liquid crystal display device having birefringent layer with equal refractive indexes in the thickness and plane directions |
| US7561240B2 (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2009-07-14 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Common electrode on substrate having non-depressed surface portion overlapping opening in pixel electrode on opposite substrate and depressed portion partially overlapping edge of the pixel electrode |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6329726A (en) * | 1986-07-23 | 1988-02-08 | Sharp Corp | Liquid-crystal display element |
| JPS6370224A (en) * | 1986-09-12 | 1988-03-30 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | Liquid crystal optical element |
| US4767190A (en) * | 1986-12-04 | 1988-08-30 | Xerox Corporation | Transient state liquid crystal image bar with contrast enhancement |
-
1988
- 1988-03-10 JP JP63056592A patent/JP2789595B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01230025A (en) | 1989-09-13 |
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