JP2780027B2 - Antistatic agent - Google Patents
Antistatic agentInfo
- Publication number
- JP2780027B2 JP2780027B2 JP19369788A JP19369788A JP2780027B2 JP 2780027 B2 JP2780027 B2 JP 2780027B2 JP 19369788 A JP19369788 A JP 19369788A JP 19369788 A JP19369788 A JP 19369788A JP 2780027 B2 JP2780027 B2 JP 2780027B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carbon atoms
- weight
- alkyl group
- antistatic agent
- fatty acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は帯電防止剤に関する。The present invention relates to an antistatic agent.
〔従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題〕 近年、合成樹脂はフィルム、シート、繊維等として種
々の分野に広く利用されており、これら合成樹脂製品は
優れた絶縁性を有する反面、静電気が発生して帯電し易
く、フィルム、シート等にあっては汚れが付着し易い欠
点があり、また繊維では静電気の発生によって紡糸が困
難となったりする問題があり、更には合成繊維製の衣服
等を着用していると人体に静電気が帯電して静電気によ
る不快な衝撃を受ける等の問題や、合成樹脂製品に帯電
した静電気の放電による火災、爆発等の災害を生じる等
の大きな問題もある。このため従来より合成樹脂用の種
々の帯電防止剤が検討されており、例えばアルキルジエ
タノールアミンや多価アルコール脂肪酸エステル等或い
はこれらの混合物が帯電防止剤としての作用を有するこ
とが知られているが、従来の帯電防止剤はいずれも低い
表面抵抗値や低い摩擦係数を得ることはできるものの、
より実用的である摩擦帯電圧を必ずしも低下させ得ると
はいい難かった。しかも従来の帯電防止剤は耐水性が低
いこと、即ち水洗したり雨に曝される等によって帯電防
止性が低下し易いという欠点もあった。[Problems to be Solved by the Related Art and the Invention] In recent years, synthetic resins have been widely used in various fields as films, sheets, fibers, and the like. It is easily generated and charged, has the drawback of easily attaching dirt to films and sheets, and has the problem that spinning is difficult due to the generation of static electricity in fibers. In addition, clothing made of synthetic fibers, etc. There are also serious problems such as the static electricity being charged on the human body when wearing the garment, which causes an unpleasant impact due to the static electricity, and the discharge of the static electricity charged on the synthetic resin product to cause fires, explosions and other disasters. For this reason, various antistatic agents for synthetic resins have been conventionally studied.For example, it is known that alkyldiethanolamine, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters, and the like or a mixture thereof have an action as an antistatic agent. All conventional antistatic agents can achieve low surface resistance and low coefficient of friction,
It has been difficult to say that it is not always possible to lower the more practical frictional band voltage. Moreover, the conventional antistatic agent has a disadvantage that it has low water resistance, that is, the antistatic property is apt to be lowered due to washing with water or exposure to rain.
本発明者等は上記課題を解決するために鋭意研究した
結果、アルキル基が炭素数14、16及び18のアルキル基を
特定の割合で含むアルキルジエタノールアミンと、アル
キル基が炭素数12〜20のアルキル基のいずれかである高
級アルコールとを特定の割合で配合することにより上記
従来の帯電防止剤の欠点を解決し得ることを見出し、こ
の帯電防止剤について先に出願したが、更に鋭意研究し
た結果、上記アルキルジエタノールアミンと高級アルコ
ールに、脂肪酸部分のアルキル基の炭素数が12〜20のア
ルキル基の２種以上の混合物からなる脂肪酸モノグリセ
ライドを更に添加し、且つこれらを特定の割合で配合す
ることにより、摩擦帯電防止効果の即効性が向上される
ことを見出し本発明を完成するに到った。The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, an alkyl group having an alkyl group having a specific ratio of an alkyl group having 14, 16 and 18 carbon atoms, and an alkyl group having an alkyl group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms. It has been found that the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional antistatic agent can be solved by blending a higher alcohol which is one of the groups in a specific ratio, and the applicant has filed an application for this antistatic agent earlier, but as a result of further intensive research By further adding to the alkyldiethanolamine and the higher alcohol, a fatty acid monoglyceride comprising a mixture of two or more alkyl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group of the fatty acid portion, and blending them in a specific ratio. The present inventors have found that the immediate effect of the tribostatic prevention effect is improved, and completed the present invention.
即ち本発明は、下記一般式、 （但しR1は炭素数14、16、18のアルキル基を示し、炭素
数14のアルキル基30重量％以下（但し０は除く）、炭素
数16のアルキル基80〜10重量％、炭素数18のアルキル基
10重量％以上で、且つ炭素数16と18のアルキル基が合計
で70重量％以上（但し100重量％は除く）の割合で存在
する。） で示されるアルキルジエタノールアミンと、一般式、 R2OH （２） （但しR2は炭素数12〜20のアルキル基のいずれか１つを
示す。） で示される高級アルコールと、脂肪酸モノグリセライド
（但し脂肪酸部分のアルキル基は炭素数12〜20のアルキ
ル基の２種以上の混合）とを重量比で、アルキルジエタ
ノールアミン：高級アルコール：脂肪酸モノグリセライ
ド＝5:5:90〜30:50:20の割合で含有することを特徴とす
る帯電防止剤を要旨とするものである。That is, the present invention has the following general formula: (However, R 1 represents an alkyl group having 14, 16 and 18 carbon atoms, wherein the alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms is 30% by weight or less (excluding 0), an alkyl group having 16 carbon atoms is 80 to 10% by weight, and Alkyl group
Alkyl groups having at least 10% by weight and having 16 and 18 carbon atoms are present in a total amount of at least 70% by weight (excluding 100% by weight). ), A higher alcohol represented by the general formula: R 2 OH (2) (where R 2 represents one of alkyl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms), and a fatty acid monoglyceride (provided that The alkyl group of the fatty acid moiety is a mixture of two or more alkyl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms) in a weight ratio of alkyl diethanolamine: higher alcohol: fatty acid monoglyceride = 5: 5: 90 to 30:50:20. The gist of the present invention is an antistatic agent characterized by containing the antistatic agent.
本発明において上記（１）式で示されるアルキルジエ
タノールアミンにおけるアルキル基R1は炭素数が14、16
及び18のアルキル基の混合物である必要があり、しかも
アルキル基R1は、炭素数14のアルキル基30重量％以下
（但し０は除く）、炭素数16のアルキル基80〜10重量
％、炭素数18のアルキル基10重量％以上で、且つ炭素数
16と18のアルキル基が合計で70重量％以上（但し100重
量％は除く）の割合で含有される必要があり、特に炭素
数14のアルキル基５〜20重量％、炭素数16のアルキル基
15〜60重量％、炭素数18のアルキル基30〜75重量％の割
合であることが好ましい。アルキル基R1における炭素数
14のアルキル基の割合が０重量％であると、表面抵抗値
と摩擦帯電圧を低くすることができなくなり、30重量％
を超えると摩擦係数が上昇し、同時に摩擦帯電圧も高
く、又耐水性も低下する。また炭素数16のアルキル基の
割合が80重量％を超えると、やはり摩擦係数が上昇し、
摩擦帯電圧も高くなり、10重量％未満では表面抵抗値が
高くなり、摩擦帯電圧も高くなる。更に炭素数18のアル
キル基の割合が10重量％未満であると摩擦係数が上昇
し、同時に摩擦帯電圧も高くなり、また耐水性も低下す
る。また上記アルキル基R1における炭素数16と炭素数18
のアルキル基の合計は70重量％以上、好ましくは80重量
％以上（但し100重量％は除く）であることが必要であ
り、70重量％未満であると、摩擦係数が上昇し、同時に
摩擦帯電圧も高くなり又耐水性も低下してくる。Alkyl group R 1 in the alkyl diethanolamine represented by the formula (1) in the present invention carbon atoms 14 and 16
And a mixture of 18 alkyl groups, and the alkyl group R 1 is 30% by weight or less (excluding 0) of an alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms, 80 to 10% by weight of an alkyl group having 16 carbon atoms, At least 10% by weight of an alkyl group of the number 18 and carbon number
Alkyl groups of 16 and 18 must be contained in a total amount of 70% by weight or more (excluding 100% by weight), particularly alkyl groups having 14 carbon atoms, 5 to 20% by weight, and alkyl groups having 16 carbon atoms.
The proportion is preferably 15 to 60% by weight and 30 to 75% by weight of an alkyl group having 18 carbon atoms. Carbon number in alkyl group R 1
If the ratio of the alkyl group 14 is 0% by weight, it becomes impossible to lower the surface resistance value and the triboelectric voltage.
If it exceeds, the coefficient of friction increases, and at the same time, the frictional voltage increases and the water resistance decreases. When the ratio of the alkyl group having 16 carbon atoms exceeds 80% by weight, the coefficient of friction also increases,
Friction band voltage also increases. If it is less than 10% by weight, the surface resistance value increases, and the friction band voltage also increases. Further, when the proportion of the alkyl group having 18 carbon atoms is less than 10% by weight, the coefficient of friction increases, and at the same time, the friction voltage increases and the water resistance decreases. The alkyl group R 1 has 16 carbon atoms and 18 carbon atoms.
It is necessary that the total of the alkyl groups is 70% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more (excluding 100% by weight). If it is less than 70% by weight, the coefficient of friction increases, and The voltage increases and the water resistance also decreases.
また本発明において上記（２）式で示される高級アル
コールは、アルキル基が炭素数12〜20のいずれかを有す
るアルコールである必要があり、このアルコールがアル
キル基の炭素数の異なるアルコールの混合物であると低
い摩擦帯電圧及び耐水性のある帯電防止効果を得ること
ができなくなる。但し例えば工業的に供給される製品の
ようにアルキル基の炭素数の異なるものを不純物程度の
量含んでいても、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲内であ
れば使用可能である。高級アルコールの純度は炭素数12
〜20のアルキル基のいずれかを有する高級アルコールと
して90重量％以上、特に95重量％以上のものが好まし
い。上記高級アルコールとしては摩擦係数を低下させる
上でアルキル基の炭素数16、18が好ましく、特に炭素数
18のものが好ましい。Further, in the present invention, the higher alcohol represented by the above formula (2) needs to be an alcohol having an alkyl group having any of 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and this alcohol is a mixture of alcohols having different alkyl group carbon atoms. If it is, it is impossible to obtain an antistatic effect having low frictional voltage and water resistance. However, it is possible to use an alkyl group containing an alkyl group having a different number of carbon atoms, such as an industrially supplied product, in a range that does not impair the object of the present invention. Higher alcohols have a purity of 12 carbons
As the higher alcohol having any one of 20 to 20 alkyl groups, those having 90% by weight or more, particularly 95% by weight or more are preferable. The higher alcohol preferably has 16 or 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group in order to reduce the coefficient of friction, particularly the carbon number.
18 are preferred.
本発明において上記アルキルジエタノールアミン、高
級アルコールとともに添加して用いる脂肪酸モノグリセ
ライドは、摩擦帯電圧低下効果の即効性を得る上で脂肪
酸部分のアルキル基が、炭素数12〜20のアルキル基の２
種以上の混合物であることが必要であり、特に炭素数が
12〜16のアルキル基を含む混合物が好ましい。上記脂肪
酸モノグリセライドとしては例えば、ラウリン酸モノグ
リセライド、ミリスチン酸モノグリセライド、パルミチ
ン酸モノグリセライド、ステアリン酸モノグリセライ
ド、アラキン酸モノグリセライド等が挙げられるが、な
かでもパルミチン酸モノグリセライド、ステアリン酸モ
ノグリセライドが好ましい。尚、これら脂肪酸モノグリ
セライドは工業的に提供されるものは若干のジグリセラ
イド、トリグリセライド等を含むが、本発明の目的を阻
害しない範囲内であればこれらを含んでいても差支えな
い。In the present invention, the fatty acid monoglyceride used by being added together with the above-mentioned alkyldiethanolamine and higher alcohol is such that the alkyl group of the fatty acid moiety is an alkyl group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms in order to obtain an immediate effect of lowering the friction band voltage.
It must be a mixture of more than one species,
Mixtures containing 12 to 16 alkyl groups are preferred. Examples of the above-mentioned fatty acid monoglyceride include lauric acid monoglyceride, myristic acid monoglyceride, palmitic acid monoglyceride, stearic acid monoglyceride, arachiic acid monoglyceride and the like. Among them, palmitic acid monoglyceride and stearic acid monoglyceride are preferable. Industrially provided fatty acid monoglycerides include some diglycerides, triglycerides, and the like, but they may contain these as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
本発明帯電防止剤は上記アルキルジエタノールアミ
ン、高級アルコール及び脂肪酸モノグリセライドを重量
比で、アルキルジエタノールアミン：高級アルコール：
脂肪酸モノグリセライド＝5:5:90〜30:50:20、特に好ま
しくは、10:10:80〜30:50:20の割合で含有することが必
要である。アルキルジエタノールアミン、高級アルコー
ル、脂肪酸モノグリセライドの量が上記範囲を外れる
と、低い表面比抵抗値を得ることができず、摩擦帯電圧
低下効果の即効性や摩擦帯電圧低下効果の耐水性、低摩
擦係数等を得ることができなくなり、また製品に着色が
起こり易くなる等の問題を生じる。The antistatic agent of the present invention comprises the above alkyldiethanolamine, higher alcohol and fatty acid monoglyceride in a weight ratio of alkyldiethanolamine: higher alcohol:
Fatty acid monoglyceride = 5: 5: 90 to 30:50:20, particularly preferably 10:10:80 to 30:50:20. If the amount of the alkyldiethanolamine, higher alcohol, or fatty acid monoglyceride is out of the above range, a low surface resistivity cannot be obtained, and the immediate effect of the friction band voltage lowering effect, the water resistance of the friction band voltage lowering effect, and the low friction coefficient. Etc. cannot be obtained, and the product is liable to be colored.
本発明の帯電防止剤には更に必要に応じ、本発明の目
的を阻害しない範囲内でブロッキング防止剤、酸化防止
剤、滑剤等の各種添加剤を配合することもできる。If necessary, various additives such as an antiblocking agent, an antioxidant and a lubricant may be added to the antistatic agent of the present invention as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
本発明の帯電防止剤は各種合成樹脂よりなるフィル
ム、シート、プレート、繊維等の帯電防止剤として用い
ることができるが、特にポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン
等のポリオレフィンの帯電防止剤として好適である。ま
た本発明帯電防止剤は、樹脂中へ練り込んだ後、フィル
ム、シート、プレート、繊維等とする方法、フィルム、
シート、プレート、繊維等とした後、これらの表面を処
理する方法等により帯電防止処理を行うことができる。The antistatic agent of the present invention can be used as an antistatic agent for films, sheets, plates, fibers and the like made of various synthetic resins, and is particularly suitable as an antistatic agent for polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Further, the antistatic agent of the present invention, after kneading into the resin, a film, a sheet, a plate, a method of forming a fiber, a film,
After forming a sheet, plate, fiber, or the like, an antistatic treatment can be performed by a method of treating these surfaces.
本発明帯電防止剤は摩擦帯電防止効果（摩擦帯電圧を
低下させる効果）の即効性に優れ、本発明の帯電防止剤
で処理すると、製造後略..時間後位から優れた摩擦帯電
防止効果を発揮する。The antistatic agent of the present invention is excellent in the immediate effect of the tribostatic effect (effect of lowering the triboelectric voltage). When treated with the antistatic agent of the present invention, the antistatic agent exhibits an excellent tribostatic effect approximately after the production time. Demonstrate.
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
実施例１〜12、比較例１〜12 第１表に示す帯電防止剤を、第２表に示す樹脂中に、
第２表に示す量となるように添加して溶融混練した後、
インフレーション法によって厚さ50μのフィルムを得
た。このフィルムの成形１時間後の摩擦帯電圧及び成形
７日後の表面比抵抗値、摩擦帯電圧、摩擦係数を第２表
に示す。また各フィルムについて帯電防止能の耐水性を
試験した。耐水性は以下の方法により３回の洗浄を行
い、１〜３回の洗浄試験終了後の摩擦帯電圧により示し
た。結果を第２表にあわせて示す。Examples 1 to 12, Comparative Examples 1 to 12 The antistatic agents shown in Table 1 were added to the resins shown in Table 2,
After adding and melting and kneading to the amount shown in Table 2,
A 50 μm thick film was obtained by the inflation method. Table 2 shows the friction band voltage 1 hour after the formation of the film and the surface resistivity, the friction band voltage and the friction coefficient 7 days after the formation. In addition, each film was tested for water resistance of antistatic ability. The water resistance was measured by the following method after washing three times, and indicated by a frictional voltage after completion of the washing test 1 to 3 times. The results are shown in Table 2.
耐水性試験方法 成形７日経過後の各フィルム又はプレートを、0.165
％非イオン系洗浄剤（ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニ
ルエーテル）の水溶液中に１分間浸漬し、次いで流水中
に３分間浸漬して引き上げ、自然乾燥した後、40％RH
（20℃）の条件下で24時間放置して調湿した後の摩擦帯
電圧を１回洗浄後の摩擦帯電圧とした。この洗浄−調湿
−摩擦帯電圧の測定を各試料について更に２回繰り返
し、計３回の洗浄による摩擦帯電圧の変化より耐水性を
評価した。Water resistance test method Each film or plate after 7 days of molding was subjected to 0.165
% Non-ionic detergent (polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether) for 1 minute, then dipped in running water for 3 minutes, pulled up, air dried, 40% RH
(20 ° C.) for 24 hours, and the humidity was adjusted to be the triboelectric potential after washing once. This washing-humidity-measurement of frictional voltage was repeated twice more for each sample, and the water resistance was evaluated based on the change in frictional voltage due to a total of three washes.
実施例13〜18、比較例13〜18 第１表に示す帯電防止剤を、ポリプロピレン中に第３
表に示す量となるように添加して押出機内で溶融混練し
た後、射出成形して大きさ100mm×60mm、厚さ5mmのプレ
ートを得た。得られた各プレートの成形１時間後の摩擦
帯電圧及び成形７日後の表面比抵抗値、摩擦帯電圧、摩
擦係数を測定した結果を第３表に示す。また各プレート
について上記実施例１〜12と同様の方法により帯電防止
能の耐水性を試験した。結果を第３表にあわせて示す。Examples 13-18, Comparative Examples 13-18 The antistatic agents shown in Table 1 were added to polypropylene
After adding in the amounts shown in the table and melt-kneading in an extruder, injection molding was performed to obtain a plate having a size of 100 mm × 60 mm and a thickness of 5 mm. Table 3 shows the measurement results of the friction band voltage 1 hour after molding and the surface resistivity value, friction band voltage and friction coefficient 7 days after molding of the obtained plates. Each plate was tested for water resistance of antistatic ability in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 12 above. The results are shown in Table 3.
〔発明の効果〕 以上説明したように本発明の帯電防止剤は、アルキル
基が炭素数14、16、18のアルキル基を特定の割合で含有
するアルキルジエタノールアミンと、アルキル基が炭素
数12〜20のアルキル基のいずれかである高級アルコール
と、脂肪酸部分のアルキル基が炭素数12〜20のアルキル
基の２種以上が混合してなる脂肪酸モノグリセライドと
からなり、且つこれらを特定の割合で配合したことによ
り、本発明の帯電防止剤で処理した樹脂は表面比抵抗値
が従来の帯電防止剤を用いた場合同様に優れた値を示す
のはもとより、摩擦帯電圧が低く、摩擦を受けた場合で
も帯電を生じ難く、しかもこの摩擦帯電防止効果の即効
性に優れている。更に本発明の帯電防止剤は帯電防止能
の耐水性に優れ、本発明帯電防止剤で処理した樹脂は洗
浄されたり雨水に曝されたりしても帯電防止能の低下が
きわめて少ない等の効果を有し、帯電防止能及びその耐
水性等に優れた帯電防止剤である。 (Effect of the Invention) As described above, the antistatic agent of the present invention is an alkyl diethanolamine in which the alkyl group contains an alkyl group having 14, 16, or 18 carbon atoms in a specific ratio, and the alkyl group has 12 to 20 carbon atoms. And a fatty acid monoglyceride in which the alkyl group of the fatty acid moiety is a mixture of two or more alkyl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and these are blended at a specific ratio. By this, the resin treated with the antistatic agent of the present invention has a surface resistivity value as excellent as when the conventional antistatic agent is used, as well as having a low frictional voltage and being subjected to friction. However, it is hardly charged, and is excellent in the immediate effect of this frictional antistatic effect. Further, the antistatic agent of the present invention has excellent water resistance of the antistatic ability, and the resin treated with the antistatic agent of the present invention has such an effect that the decrease in the antistatic ability is extremely small even when washed or exposed to rainwater. It is an antistatic agent having excellent antistatic ability and water resistance.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 大河原 浩 愛知県岩倉市野寄町西出1366 ミヨシ油 脂株式会社名古屋工場内 (72)発明者 釜田 幸郎 愛知県岩倉市野寄町西出1366 ミヨシ油 脂株式会社名古屋工場内 (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) C09K 3/16──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Ogawara 1366 Nishiide, Noyoro-cho, Iwakura City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Nagoya Plant of Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co., Ltd. Nagoya Plant Co., Ltd. (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) C09K 3/16
Claims (1)
炭素数14のアルキル基30重量％以下（但し０は除く）、
炭素数16のアルキル基80〜10重量％、炭素数18のアルキ
ル基10重量％以上で、且つ炭素数16と18のアルキル基が
合計で70重量％以上（但し100重量％は除く）の割合で
存在する。） で示されるアルキルジエタノールアミンと、一般式、 R2OH （２） （但しR2は炭素数12〜20のアルキル基のいずれか１つを
示す。） で示される高級アルコールと、脂肪酸モノグリセライド
（但し脂肪酸部分のアルキル基は炭素数12〜20のアルキ
ル基の２種以上の混合）とを重量比で、アルキルジエタ
ノールアミン：高級アルコール：脂肪酸モノグリセライ
ド＝5:5:90〜30:50:20の割合で含有することを特徴とす
る帯電防止剤。1. The following general formula: (However, R 1 represents a mixed alkyl group having 14, 16 and 18 carbon atoms,
30% by weight or less (excluding 0) of an alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms,
Ratio of alkyl groups having 16 carbon atoms being 80 to 10% by weight, alkyl groups having 18 carbon atoms being 10% by weight or more, and alkyl groups having 16 and 18 carbon atoms being 70% by weight or more (excluding 100% by weight) Exists in. ), A higher alcohol represented by the general formula: R 2 OH (2) (where R 2 represents one of alkyl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms), and a fatty acid monoglyceride (provided that The alkyl group of the fatty acid moiety is a mixture of two or more alkyl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms) in a weight ratio of alkyl diethanolamine: higher alcohol: fatty acid monoglyceride = 5: 5: 90 to 30:50:20. An antistatic agent characterized by containing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19369788A JP2780027B2 (en) | 1988-08-03 | 1988-08-03 | Antistatic agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19369788A JP2780027B2 (en) | 1988-08-03 | 1988-08-03 | Antistatic agent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0243280A JPH0243280A (en) | 1990-02-13 |
| JP2780027B2 true JP2780027B2 (en) | 1998-07-23 |
Family
ID=16312277
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19369788A Expired - Fee Related JP2780027B2 (en) | 1988-08-03 | 1988-08-03 | Antistatic agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2780027B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69517335T2 (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 2001-01-04 | Aura Systems Inc., El Segundo | ELECTROMAGNETICALLY STEERED VALVE WITH STEERED ARMATURE |
-
1988
- 1988-08-03 JP JP19369788A patent/JP2780027B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0243280A (en) | 1990-02-13 |
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