JP2729470B2 - Direct heat collecting solar water heater - Google Patents
Direct heat collecting solar water heaterInfo
- Publication number
- JP2729470B2 JP2729470B2 JP7028020A JP2802095A JP2729470B2 JP 2729470 B2 JP2729470 B2 JP 2729470B2 JP 7028020 A JP7028020 A JP 7028020A JP 2802095 A JP2802095 A JP 2802095A JP 2729470 B2 JP2729470 B2 JP 2729470B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hot water
- heat collector
- pipe
- water
- temperature sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Landscapes
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、集熱器に水を直接供給
して集熱し、得られた温水を貯湯槽に溜める直接集熱式
太陽熱温水装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a direct-collection solar water heating apparatus for directly supplying water to a heat collector to collect heat and storing the obtained hot water in a hot water tank.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】太陽熱温水装置としては、集熱器に水を
直接供給して集熱し、得られた温水を貯湯槽に溜める直
接集熱式のものと、貯湯槽内に熱交換器を設け、この熱
交換器と集熱器との間で不凍液を循環させる不凍液集熱
式のものとがある。2. Description of the Related Art As a solar water heater, a direct heat collecting type in which water is directly supplied to a heat collector to collect heat and the obtained hot water is stored in a hot water storage tank, and a heat exchanger is provided in the hot water storage tank. There is an antifreeze liquid collecting type in which antifreeze is circulated between the heat exchanger and the heat collector.
【０００３】不凍液集熱式の太陽熱温水装置は、次のよ
うな問題点がある。 （ａ）不凍液による集熱方式では、不凍液から水への熱
交換器が必要なため、コストがかさむ。 （ｂ）不凍液から水への熱交換のため、熱交換性能が低
下する。 （ｃ）熱交換器が腐食などして不凍液が漏れると、水中
に不凍液が混入する。 （ｄ）不凍液による集熱方式では、熱交換器が貯湯槽内
に設置されるため、このような構造では貯湯槽内の水全
体の温度が徐々に上昇していくため、夕方にならないと
熱い湯ができず、朝や昼には太陽熱の湯が使えないた
め、太陽熱温水装置の利用効率が悪い。The solar water heater of the antifreeze liquid collecting type has the following problems. (A) The heat collection method using an antifreeze requires a heat exchanger from the antifreeze to water, so that the cost is increased. (B) Due to heat exchange from antifreeze to water, heat exchange performance is reduced. (C) If the antifreeze leaks due to corrosion of the heat exchanger or the like, the antifreeze mixes into the water. (D) In the heat collection method using antifreeze, the heat exchanger is installed in the hot water storage tank. In such a structure, the temperature of the whole water in the hot water storage tank gradually increases, so it is hot until evening. Since hot water is not available and solar hot water cannot be used in the morning or afternoon, the efficiency of using the solar water heater is poor.
【０００４】これに対し、直接集熱式の太陽熱温水装置
は、上記の如き問題点がなく、且つ構造が単純で、低コ
ストで装置を構成できる利点がある。[0004] On the other hand, the solar water heater of the direct heat collection type has the advantages that it does not have the above-mentioned problems, is simple in structure, and can be constructed at low cost.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、直接集
熱式の太陽熱温水装置では、日射が弱いときに循環ポン
プを運転すると、低温度の湯が貯湯槽内上部に戻って来
ることになり、熱い湯が層状に貯湯槽内上部に溜まって
いるときには、その熱い湯層の温度を下げることにな
る。特に、熱い湯層が貯湯槽内上部に少ししか残ってい
ないときには、循環ポンプが運転開始されると、残って
いた熱い湯層がなくなってしまうことになる。また、朝
は貯湯槽内上部に少ししか湯が残っていないことが多
く、太陽光が集熱器に当たり始めたときに循環ポンプが
運転開始されると、日射がまだ弱いので貯湯槽内上部に
少し残っていた湯が循環ポンプの運転開始と共になくな
ってしまうことになる。However, in the solar water heater of the direct heat collecting type, when the circulation pump is operated when the solar radiation is weak, the low-temperature hot water returns to the upper part in the hot water storage tank, and the hot water is heated. When hot water is stored in a layered manner in the upper part of the hot water storage tank, the temperature of the hot water layer is lowered. In particular, when only a small amount of the hot water layer remains in the upper portion of the hot water tank, the operation of the circulation pump causes the remaining hot water layer to disappear. Also, in the morning, only a little hot water remains in the upper part of the hot water tank, and when the circulating pump is started when the sunlight starts to hit the collector, the solar radiation is still weak, so the upper part of the hot water tank A small amount of hot water will disappear with the start of operation of the circulation pump.
【０００６】本発明の目的は、直接集熱式の問題点を解
決できる直接集熱式太陽熱温水装置を提供することにあ
る。本発明の他の目的は、一定温度のお湯として利用で
きる温度に集熱器内の温度がならないと循環ポンプが運
転開始されない直接集熱式太陽熱温水装置を提供するこ
とにある。本発明の他の目的は、循環ポンプの回転数を
日射に応じて制御できる直接集熱式太陽熱温水装置を提
供することにある。本発明の他の目的は、循環ポンプの
回転数制御に伴う問題点であるエアロックを解消できる
直接集熱式太陽熱温水装置を提供することにある。本発
明の他の目的は、気温が水の凍結温度に近付いたとき、
集熱器内の水を排水できる直接集熱式太陽熱温水装置を
提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a direct heat collecting solar water heater that can solve the problems of the direct heat collecting method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a direct-collection solar water heater in which the circulating pump does not start operating unless the temperature inside the collector reaches a temperature that can be used as hot water having a constant temperature. Another object of the present invention is to provide a direct heat collecting solar water heater that can control the rotation speed of a circulation pump in accordance with solar radiation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a direct-collection type solar water heater that can eliminate airlock, which is a problem associated with controlling the rotation speed of a circulation pump. Another object of the invention is when the temperature approaches the freezing temperature of water,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a direct heat collecting solar water heater capable of draining water in a heat collector.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、集熱器と、前
記集熱器より下に設置された貯湯槽と、前記貯湯槽の下
部と前記集熱器の下部とを接続して前記貯湯槽内の水を
前記集熱器に供給する送水管と、前記集熱器の上部と前
記貯湯槽の上部とを接続して前記集熱器で生成された温
水を前記貯湯槽に供給する温水戻り管と、前記送水管に
接続されて前記貯湯槽内の水を前記集熱器に送り出す循
環ポンプとを備えた直接集熱式太陽熱温水装置を改良の
対象としている。According to the present invention, there is provided a heat collector, a hot water storage tank provided below the heat collector, and a lower part of the hot water storage tank and a lower part of the heat collector connected to each other. A water pipe for supplying water in the hot water tank to the heat collector, and connecting an upper part of the heat collector and an upper part of the hot water tank to supply hot water generated by the heat collector to the hot water tank It is an object of the present invention to improve a direct-collection-type solar water heater provided with a hot water return pipe and a circulation pump connected to the water supply pipe and pumping water in the hot water tank to the heat collector.
【０００８】請求項１に記載の直接集熱式太陽熱温水装
置においては、前記集熱器の上部に設けられた第１の温
度センサと、該第１の温度センサからの温度信号に応じ
て前記循環ポンプの運転停止と回転数制御を行う制御器
とを備えている。 According to a first aspect of the present invention, in the solar water heater of the direct heat collecting type, a first temperature sensor provided on an upper portion of the heat collector and the temperature signal from the first temperature sensor are provided. a controller for performing speed control operation stop of the circulation pump that features.
【０００９】更に、前記集熱器の上部に設けられた空気
抜き弁と、前記循環ポンプの吐出側で前記送水管に設け
られて前記制御器からの制御信号で開閉が制御される第
１の電磁弁と、前記温水戻り管に設けられて前記貯湯槽
の上部から温水の逆流を止める逆止弁と、前記集熱器の
上部と前記逆止弁との間で一端が前記温水戻り管に接続
されると共に他端が前記第１の電磁弁と前記集熱器の下
部との間で前記送水管に接続された連結管と、該連結管
に設けられて前記制御器からの制御信号で開閉が制御さ
れる第２の電磁弁と、前記温水戻り管に設けられた第２
の温度センサとを備え、前記制御器は前記循環ポンプの
運転中に前記第１の温度センサと前記第２の温度センサ
との検知温度の差が一定値を越えた場合に循環ポンプの
運転を停止させると共に前記第２の電磁弁を所定時間開
く制御を行うようになっていることを特徴とする。 Further , an air vent valve provided on the upper part of the heat collector and a first electromagnetic valve provided on the water supply pipe on the discharge side of the circulating pump and whose opening and closing are controlled by a control signal from the controller. A valve, a check valve provided on the hot water return pipe for stopping the backflow of hot water from the upper part of the hot water storage tank, and one end connected to the hot water return pipe between the upper part of the heat collector and the check valve And a connecting pipe having the other end connected to the water pipe between the first solenoid valve and a lower portion of the heat collector, and a connecting pipe provided on the connecting pipe and opened and closed by a control signal from the controller. And a second solenoid valve provided in the hot water return pipe.
The controller comprises: a controller for controlling the operation of the circulation pump when the difference between the detected temperatures of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor exceeds a certain value during the operation of the circulation pump. It is characterized in that control is performed to stop and open the second electromagnetic valve for a predetermined time.
【００１０】請求項２に記載の直接集熱式太陽熱温水装
置においては、前記集熱器の上部に設けられた第１の温
度センサと、該第１の温度センサからの温度信号に応じ
て前記循環ポンプの運転停止と回転数制御を行う制御器
とを備えている。更に、前記集熱器の上部に設けられた
空気抜き弁と、前記循環ポンプの吐出側で前記送水管に
設けられて前記制御器からの制御信号で開閉が制御され
る第１の電磁弁と、前記温水戻り管に設けられて前記貯
湯槽の上部から温水の逆流を止める逆止弁と、前記集熱
器の上部と前記逆止弁との間で一端が前記温水戻り管に
接続されると共に他端が前記第１の電磁弁と前記集熱器
の下部との間で前記送水管に接続された連結管と、該連
結管に設けられて前記制御器からの制御信号で開閉が制
御される第２の電磁弁と、前記温水戻り管に設けられた
第２の温度センサと、前記貯湯槽内に常時所要の水圧を
かけるように該貯湯槽の下部に接続された給水管とを備
え、前記制御器は前記循環ポンプの運転開始前に前記第
２の電磁弁を所定時間開いて前記循環ポンプの運転開始
時に該第２の電磁弁を閉じる制御と前記循環ポンプの運
転中に前記第１の温度センサと前記第２の温度センサと
の検知温度の差が一定値を越えた場合に前記第２の電磁
弁を所定時間開く制御を行うようになっていることを特
徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the solar water heater of the direct heat collecting type, the first water heater is provided at an upper portion of the heat collector.
A temperature sensor and a temperature signal from the first temperature sensor.
Controller for stopping the operation of the circulating pump and controlling the number of revolutions
And Further, an air vent valve provided on the upper part of the heat collector, a first solenoid valve provided in the water pipe on the discharge side of the circulating pump, the opening and closing of which is controlled by a control signal from the controller, A check valve provided on the hot water return pipe to stop the backflow of hot water from the top of the hot water storage tank, and one end connected to the hot water return pipe between the top of the heat collector and the check valve A connecting pipe having the other end connected to the water pipe between the first solenoid valve and a lower portion of the heat collector, and opening / closing controlled by a control signal from the controller provided in the connecting pipe. A second solenoid valve, a second temperature sensor provided on the hot water return pipe, and a water supply pipe connected to a lower part of the hot water tank so as to always apply a required water pressure to the hot water tank. The controller opens the second solenoid valve for a predetermined time before the operation of the circulating pump and starts the circulation. When the difference between the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor during the operation of the circulating pump and the control of closing the second solenoid valve at the start of operation of the pump exceeds the predetermined value, It is characterized in that control for opening the second solenoid valve for a predetermined time is performed.
【００１１】[0011]
【００１２】[0012]
【００１３】[0013]
【作用】請求項１に記載の直接集熱式太陽熱温水装置に
よれば、集熱器の上部に第１の温度センサを設け、該第
１の温度センサからの温度信号に応じて制御器で循環ポ
ンプの運転停止と回転数制御を行うことにより、お湯と
して利用できる温度に集熱器の温度がならないと循環ポ
ンプが運転開始されないように制御器で制御することが
できる。また、循環ポンプの回転数を日射に応じて制御
することによって、所定の温度の温水を効率良く生成す
ることができる。According to the solar water heater of the direct heat collecting type according to the first aspect of the present invention, the first temperature sensor is provided on the upper part of the heat collector, and the controller operates according to the temperature signal from the first temperature sensor. By stopping the operation of the circulation pump and controlling the rotation speed, it is possible to control the controller so that the operation of the circulation pump is not started unless the temperature of the heat collector reaches a temperature that can be used as hot water. Further, by controlling the rotation speed of the circulation pump in accordance with the solar radiation, it is possible to efficiently generate hot water having a predetermined temperature.
【００１４】そして、制御器が循環ポンプの運転中に第
１の温度センサと第２の温度センサとの検知温度の差が
一定値を越えた場合に第２の電磁弁を所定時間開く制御
を行うことにより、エアロックになったとき第１の温度
センサと第２の温度センサとの検知温度の差が一定値を
越えるので、このとき第２の電磁弁を所定時間開くと、
送水管と温水戻り管とを上昇する水で空気が押し上げら
れて空気抜き弁から抜かれるので、エアロックを制御器
の制御で自動的に解消することができる。[0014] Then, the controller is a control to open the first temperature sensor and the second solenoid valve a predetermined time when the difference between the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor exceeds a predetermined value during operation of the circulation pump By doing so, the difference between the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor and the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor when the air lock is established exceeds a certain value. At this time, when the second solenoid valve is opened for a predetermined time,
The air is pushed up by the water rising in the water supply pipe and the hot water return pipe and is removed from the air release valve, so that the air lock can be automatically released under the control of the controller.
【００１５】請求項２に記載の直接集熱式太陽熱温水装
置によれば、制御器が循環ポンプの運転開始前に第２の
電磁弁を所定時間開いて循環ポンプの運転開始時に該第
２の電磁弁を閉じる制御を行うことにより、循環ポンプ
の運転開始前に第２の電磁弁を所定時間開くことにより
送水管と温水戻り管とを上昇する水で空気が押し上げら
れて空気抜き弁から抜かれるので、水の循環経路に空気
がなくなってから循環ポンプの運転を開始できる。そし
て、前記貯湯槽内に常時所要の水圧をかけることによ
り、この水圧が貯湯槽内の水を集熱器側へ押し上げる力
として働くので、貯湯槽内の水を集熱器側へ押し上げる
循環ポンプ容量の小型化を図ることができる。[0015] wherein, according to the direct current thermal solar water apparatus according to claim 2, the controller of the second at the start of operation of the second circulation pump solenoid valve open a predetermined time before the start of operation of the circulating pump By performing control to close the solenoid valve, the air is pushed up by the water rising in the water supply pipe and the hot water return pipe by opening the second solenoid valve for a predetermined time before the operation of the circulation pump is started, and the air is removed from the air release valve. Therefore, the operation of the circulation pump can be started after the air is exhausted from the water circulation path. Then, by applying the required water pressure to the hot water storage tank at all times, the water pressure acts as a force to push up the water in the hot water storage tank to the heat collector side, and thus a circulating pump for pushing up the water in the hot water storage tank to the heat collector side. The capacity can be reduced in size.
【００１６】[0016]
【００１７】[0017]
【００１８】[0018]
【実施例】図１及び図２は、本発明に係る直接集熱式太
陽熱温水装置の一実施例を示したものである。本実施例
の直接集熱式太陽熱温水装置においては、集熱器１が太
陽熱を集熱し易い屋根の上等に傾斜して設置されてい
る。該集熱器１は、２枚のステンレス薄板２ａ，２ｂの
周囲を袋状にシーム溶接して貼り合わせ、且つその中間
の部分に複数の上向きの水路３が幅方向に併設されるよ
うに各ステンレス薄板２ａ，２ｂは波形に屈曲成形され
ている。このようにステンレス薄板２ａ，２ｂを加工し
て形成された集熱器本体４は、上部が開放されたケース
５内に収容されている。該ケース５の底部と集熱器本体
４との間には、断熱材６が配置されている。該ケース５
の開口部にはプラスチック板の如き透明板７が取り付け
られている。1 and 2 show one embodiment of a direct heat collecting solar water heater according to the present invention. In the direct-collection type solar water heater according to the present embodiment, the heat collector 1 is inclined and installed on a roof or the like that easily collects solar heat. The heat collector 1 is formed by seam welding two stainless steel thin plates 2a and 2b around each other in a bag shape and bonding them together, and a plurality of upward water passages 3 are provided in the middle part thereof in the width direction. The stainless steel plates 2a and 2b are bent and formed into a waveform. The heat collector main body 4 formed by processing the stainless steel thin plates 2a and 2b in this manner is housed in a case 5 whose upper part is opened. A heat insulating material 6 is arranged between the bottom of the case 5 and the heat collector body 4. Case 5
A transparent plate 7 such as a plastic plate is attached to the opening.
【００１９】このような集熱器１より下の地上等に貯湯
槽８が設置されている。貯湯槽８は保温容器９内に収容
されている。貯湯槽８の下部と集熱器１の下部とは送水
管１０で接続され、これにより貯湯槽８内の水が集熱器
１に供給されるようになっている。また、集熱器１の上
部と貯湯槽８の上部とは温水戻り管１１で接続され、こ
れにより集熱器１で生成された温水が貯湯槽８に供給さ
れるようになっている。貯湯槽８に隣接させて送水管１
０には循環ポンプ１２が接続されていて、貯湯槽８内の
水を集熱器１に送り出すようになっている。A hot water storage tank 8 is provided on the ground or the like below the heat collector 1. Hot water storage tank 8 is housed in heat insulation container 9. The lower part of the hot water storage tank 8 and the lower part of the heat collector 1 are connected by a water pipe 10, whereby the water in the hot water storage tank 8 is supplied to the heat collector 1. The upper part of the heat collector 1 and the upper part of the hot water storage tank 8 are connected by a hot water return pipe 11, whereby the hot water generated by the heat collector 1 is supplied to the hot water storage tank 8. Water pipe 1 adjacent to hot water storage tank 8
A circulation pump 12 is connected to 0 so that the water in the hot water storage tank 8 is sent to the heat collector 1.
【００２０】循環ポンプ１２の吐出側で送水管１０に
は、第１の電磁弁１３が設けられている。また、第１の
電磁弁１３と集熱器１との間で該第１の電磁弁１３寄り
の位置で送水管１０には排水管１４が分岐接続され、該
排水管１４には第３の電磁弁１５が設けられている。温
水戻り管１１を送水管１０に連結する連結管１６が、排
水管１４の分岐接続箇所１７と第１の電磁弁１３との間
で送水管１０に接続され、該連結管１６には第２の電磁
弁１８が設けられている。温水戻り管１１に対する連結
管１６の接続箇所１９と貯湯槽８との間で該温水戻り管
１１には、水又は湯の流れを必要に応じて止める止水手
段として逆止弁２０が設けられている。逆止弁２０は、
集熱器１から貯湯槽８への温水の流れは許容するが、貯
湯槽８から集熱器１への温水の流れは許容しないように
設けられている。A first electromagnetic valve 13 is provided in the water pipe 10 on the discharge side of the circulation pump 12. Further, a drain pipe 14 is branched and connected to the water supply pipe 10 at a position near the first solenoid valve 13 between the first solenoid valve 13 and the heat collector 1, and a third pipe is connected to the drain pipe 14. An electromagnetic valve 15 is provided. A connecting pipe 16 connecting the hot water return pipe 11 to the water pipe 10 is connected to the water pipe 10 between the branch connection point 17 of the drain pipe 14 and the first solenoid valve 13, and the connecting pipe 16 has a second pipe. Are provided. A check valve 20 is provided in the hot water return pipe 11 between the connection point 19 of the connecting pipe 16 to the hot water return pipe 11 and the hot water storage tank 8 as a water stopping means for stopping the flow of water or hot water as needed. ing. The check valve 20
The hot water flow from the heat collector 1 to the hot water storage tank 8 is allowed, but the flow of hot water from the hot water storage tank 8 to the heat collector 1 is not allowed.
【００２１】これら送水管１０，温水戻り管１１，連結
管１６は、例えばポリブテン管等の如き可撓性プラスチ
ック管で形成されている。これら送水管１０，温水戻り
管１１，連結管１６のサイズは、内径13mm以下のものが
好ましい。The water pipe 10, the hot water return pipe 11, and the connecting pipe 16 are formed of a flexible plastic pipe such as a polybutene pipe. The sizes of the water pipe 10, the hot water return pipe 11, and the connecting pipe 16 are preferably 13 mm or less in inner diameter.
【００２２】集熱器１の上部には、空気抜き弁２１と第
１の温度センサ２２とが設けられている。この場合、空
気抜き弁２１は集熱器１の上部に位置する温水戻り管１
１の折り返し部に設けられ、第１の温度センサ２２は集
熱器１の上部でその内部に挿入して設けられている。An air vent valve 21 and a first temperature sensor 22 are provided above the heat collector 1. In this case, the air vent valve 21 is connected to the hot water return pipe 1 located above the heat collector 1.
The first temperature sensor 22 is provided at the top of the heat collector 1 and inserted therein.
【００２３】逆止弁２０と貯湯槽８との間で温水戻り管
１１には、該温水戻り管１１内を通る湯温を検出するた
めに第２の温度センサ２３が取り付けられている。貯湯
槽８の下部には、該貯湯槽８内の水温を検出するために
第３の温度センサ２４が取り付けられている。A second temperature sensor 23 is attached to the hot water return pipe 11 between the check valve 20 and the hot water storage tank 8 to detect the temperature of hot water passing through the hot water return pipe 11. A third temperature sensor 24 is attached to a lower portion of the hot water storage tank 8 to detect a water temperature in the hot water storage tank 8.
【００２４】これら第１，第２，第３の温度センサ２
２，２３，２４からの検出信号は、制御器２５に入力さ
れるようになっている。制御器２５は、これらの検出信
号をもとに循環ポンプ１２，第１，第２，第３の電磁弁
１３，１８，１５に制御信号を出すようになっている。These first, second and third temperature sensors 2
The detection signals from 2, 23, and 24 are input to the controller 25. The controller 25 outputs control signals to the circulation pump 12, the first, second, and third solenoid valves 13, 18, and 15 based on these detection signals.
【００２５】集熱器１の下部の送水管１０には、該集熱
器１に作用する異常水圧を逃がす逃し弁２６が設けられ
ている貯湯槽８の下部には、該貯湯槽８内に常時所要の
水圧をかけるように調節減圧弁２７を介して水道に直結
した給水管２８が接続されている。貯湯槽８の上部に
は、出湯管２９が接続されている。該出湯管２９は出湯
蛇口３０に接続されている。また、出湯管２９の上部に
は、空気抜き弁３１と安全弁３２とが接続されている。The water supply pipe 10 at the lower part of the heat collector 1 is provided with a relief valve 26 for releasing abnormal water pressure acting on the heat collector 1, the lower part of the water storage tank 8 is provided inside the water storage tank 8. A water supply pipe 28 directly connected to the water supply via an adjustment pressure reducing valve 27 is connected so as to always apply a required water pressure. A hot water pipe 29 is connected to an upper part of the hot water storage tank 8. The tapping pipe 29 is connected to a tapping faucet 30. An air vent valve 31 and a safety valve 32 are connected to an upper part of the tapping pipe 29.
【００２６】図３は、制御器２５内の構成の一例を示し
たものである。該制御器２５は、直流電源３４と、該直
流電源３４から給電されて第１，第２，第３の温度セン
サ２２，２３，２４からの検出信号を入力として制御動
作を行うワンチップマイコン３５と、該ワンチップマイ
コン３５に接続されたインタフェイス回路３６と、ワン
チップマイコン３５から循環ポンプ１２に回転数変化の
指令を出すディジタル／アナログ変換回路（以下、Ｄ／
Ａ変換回路という。）３７とを備えている。直流電源３
４には、ＡＣ100 Ｖの商用電源線３８が接続されてい
る。また制御器２５は、直流電源３４から循環ポンプ１
２に至る給電回路３９に接続されて給電の制御をするポ
ンプ制御リレー接点４０ａと、商用電源線３８から第
１，第２，第３の電磁弁１３，１８，１５に至る給電回
路４１，４２，４３に接続されて給電の制御をする電磁
弁制御リレー接点４４ａ，４５ａ，４６ａとを備え、イ
ンタフェイス回路３６にはこれらポンプ制御リレー接点
４０ａと電磁弁制御リレー接点４４ａ，４５ａ，４６ａ
とを制御するポンプ制御リレーコイル４０ｂと電磁弁制
御リレーコイル４４ｂ，４５ｂ，４６ｂとが設けられて
いる。FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration inside the controller 25. The controller 25 includes a DC power supply 34 and a one-chip microcomputer 35 that performs a control operation by receiving detection signals from the first, second, and third temperature sensors 22, 23, and 24 supplied with power from the DC power supply 34. An interface circuit 36 connected to the one-chip microcomputer 35; and a digital / analog conversion circuit (hereinafter referred to as D / A
It is called an A conversion circuit. ) 37. DC power supply 3
4 is connected to a commercial power line 38 of 100 VAC. Further, the controller 25 is connected to the circulating pump 1
And a pump control relay contact 40a connected to a power supply circuit 39 leading to the power supply circuit 2 to control power supply, and power supply circuits 41, 42 from the commercial power supply line 38 to the first, second, and third solenoid valves 13, 18, and 15. , 43, which are connected to the solenoid valve control relay contacts 44a, 45a, 46a for controlling power supply. The interface circuit 36 includes these pump control relay contacts 40a and solenoid valve control relay contacts 44a, 45a, 46a.
And a solenoid valve control relay coil 44b, 45b, 46b.
【００２７】次に、このような直接集熱式太陽熱温水装
置の動作について説明する。集熱器１に水が入っていな
いときには、制御器２５から水の供給指令を出すと、第
１，第２の電磁弁１３，１８が開、第３の電磁弁１５が
閉になり、貯湯槽８内の水圧により、該貯湯槽８内の水
が循環ポンプ１２（この時点では、まだ動作していな
い。）と第１の電磁弁１３を通り、一方は送水管１０を
経て、他方は連結管１６と第２の電磁弁１８と温水戻り
管１１を経て集熱器１に供給される。このとき、送水管
１０，連結管１６，温水戻り管１１，集熱器１等の内部
に存在していた空気は、水の上昇により押し上げにより
空気抜き弁２１から排出される。Next, the operation of such a direct heat collecting solar water heater will be described. When water is not contained in the heat collector 1, when a water supply command is issued from the controller 25, the first and second solenoid valves 13, 18 are opened, the third solenoid valve 15 is closed, and hot water is stored. Due to the water pressure in the tank 8, the water in the hot water tank 8 passes through the circulation pump 12 (not yet operating at this time) and the first solenoid valve 13, one through the water supply pipe 10, and the other through the water supply pipe 10. The heat is supplied to the heat collector 1 via the connection pipe 16, the second solenoid valve 18, and the hot water return pipe 11. At this time, the air existing inside the water pipe 10, the connecting pipe 16, the hot water return pipe 11, the heat collector 1 and the like is pushed up by the rise of the water and discharged from the air vent valve 21.
【００２８】１〜２分後に、制御器２５内のタイマーの
指令により第２の電磁弁１８が閉じ、循環ポンプ１２が
運転されると、貯湯槽８内の水が循環ポンプ１２，第１
の電磁弁１３を経て送水管１０を経て集熱器１に入り、
該水は該集熱器１で太陽熱により加熱されて温水となっ
て温水戻り管１１を通って逆止弁２０を経て貯湯槽８内
の上部に入る。この温水は比重が低くなっているので、
下部の水と混じることなく層状に貯湯槽８内の上部に溜
まる。After one to two minutes, the second solenoid valve 18 is closed according to a command from a timer in the controller 25 and the circulation pump 12 is operated.
Into the heat collector 1 through the water pipe 10 through the solenoid valve 13 of
The water is heated by the solar heat in the heat collector 1, becomes hot water, passes through a hot water return pipe 11, passes through a check valve 20, and enters the upper portion of the hot water storage tank 8. Since this hot water has a low specific gravity,
The water accumulates in the upper portion of the hot water storage tank 8 in a layered manner without being mixed with the lower water.
【００２９】このように送水管１０，連結管１６，温水
戻り管１１，集熱器１等の内部に存在していた空気が空
気抜き弁２１から抜けて送水管１０や温水戻り管１１に
水が満たされてから循環ポンプ１２が運転され、且つ前
記貯湯槽８内に常時所要の水圧がかかっており、この水
圧が貯湯槽８内の水を集熱器１側へ押し上げる力として
働くので、該循環ポンプ１２の圧力が低くても水は循環
されることになる。このような水の循環が繰り返されて
貯湯槽８内の水が順次温水になる。As described above, the air existing in the water pipe 10, the connecting pipe 16, the hot water return pipe 11, the heat collector 1 and the like escapes from the air vent valve 21, and water is supplied to the water pipe 10 and the hot water return pipe 11. After being filled, the circulation pump 12 is operated, and a required water pressure is constantly applied to the hot water storage tank 8, and this water pressure acts as a force to push up the water in the hot water storage tank 8 to the heat collector 1 side. Water is circulated even if the pressure of the circulation pump 12 is low. Such circulation of water is repeated, and the water in the hot water storage tank 8 becomes hot water sequentially.
【００３０】第１の温度センサ２２の検出温度が一定値
より低くなるか、第３の温度センサ２４の検出温度より
第１の温度センサ２２の検出温度が低くなると、制御器
２５から指令で循環ポンプ１２の運転が止まり、第１の
電磁弁１３が閉じ，集熱が終了する。When the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 22 becomes lower than a predetermined value or when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 22 becomes lower than the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 24, the controller 25 instructs the circulation. The operation of the pump 12 stops, the first solenoid valve 13 closes, and the heat collection ends.
【００３１】貯湯槽８内上部の湯層の温度を一定温度、
例えば40℃以上に維持するように循環ポンプ１２の循環
水量を日射量に応じて制御する手段として、集熱器１の
上部に取り付けられた第１の温度センサ２２の検知温度
の関数として循環ポンプ１２の回転数を決める方式の制
御器２５が本実施例では用いられている。When the temperature of the hot water layer in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 8 is
For example, as a means for controlling the amount of circulating water of the circulating pump 12 in accordance with the amount of solar radiation so as to maintain the temperature at 40 ° C. or more, the circulating pump as a function of the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 22 mounted on the upper part of the heat collector 1 A controller 25 that determines the number of rotations of twelve is used in this embodiment.
【００３２】この第１の温度センサ２２の検知温度と循
環ポンプ１２の回転数との関数関係を図４に示し、その
制御ループを図５に示す。この制御ループはフィードバ
ック制御であり、循環ポンプ１２の回転数変化の指令が
ワンチップマイコン３５からＤ／Ａ変換回路３７を経て
出されてから第１の温度センサ２２の検知温度に変化が
現れるまでの時間遅れがかなり大きく、集熱器１の下部
から入った水が第１の温度センサ２２の位置に達するま
でのむだ時間遅れをも含むため、循環ポンプ１２が発振
を起こし易い条件となる。FIG. 4 shows a functional relationship between the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 22 and the number of revolutions of the circulation pump 12, and FIG. 5 shows a control loop thereof. This control loop is a feedback control, and is performed until a change in the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 22 appears after a command to change the rotation speed of the circulation pump 12 is issued from the one-chip microcomputer 35 via the D / A conversion circuit 37. Is considerably large, and includes a dead time delay until the water entering from the lower part of the heat collector 1 reaches the position of the first temperature sensor 22, so that the condition that the circulation pump 12 easily oscillates is set.
【００３３】このような発振を押さえるために、第１の
温度センサ２２の集熱器１への取り付けは、図６に示す
ように集熱器１の温度と日射量そのものとの両方を検知
できるように集熱器１の日射を受ける面に取り付けるこ
とが好ましい。In order to suppress such oscillation, the first temperature sensor 22 can be attached to the heat collector 1 to detect both the temperature of the heat collector 1 and the amount of solar radiation as shown in FIG. It is preferable that the heat collector 1 is attached to the surface of the heat collector 1 which receives the solar radiation.
【００３４】このようにすると、日射量変化で集熱器１
の温度が変化する前に第１の温度センサ２２の検出温度
が変化し、循環ポンプ１２の回転数を先回り制御でき、
該循環ポンプ１２が発振を起こすのを回避することがで
きる。In this way, the heat collector 1
The temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 22 changes before the temperature of the circulating pump 12 changes, and the rotational speed of the circulation pump 12 can be controlled in advance,
Oscillation of the circulation pump 12 can be avoided.
【００３５】集熱センサとして、集熱器１に表面に取り
付けた第１の温度センサ２２の代わりに、太陽電池等の
日射量そのものを検知するセンサを使用すれば、制御は
完全なオープンループ制御方式となり、発振を全く起こ
さないものになるが、フィードバックがないので、好ま
しくない点がある。それは貯湯槽８と集熱器１とをつな
ぐ配管１０，１１の流路抵抗が物件毎に異なっているこ
とや、その他の条件が違っているため、循環ポンプ１２
の回転数を日射量だけで決めるより、集熱器１の温度を
検知するフィードバック制御の方がその様な条件の変化
を補正する機能が働くからである。If a sensor for detecting the amount of solar radiation itself such as a solar cell is used in place of the first temperature sensor 22 attached to the surface of the heat collector 1 as the heat collecting sensor, the control is completely open loop control. Although it is a system that does not cause oscillation at all, it has an undesirable point because there is no feedback. This is because the flow path resistance of the pipes 10 and 11 connecting the hot water storage tank 8 and the heat collector 1 is different for each property, and other conditions are different.
The reason is that the feedback control for detecting the temperature of the heat collector 1 has a function of correcting such a change in the condition, rather than determining the rotational speed of the heat collector only by the amount of solar radiation.
【００３６】冬期の夜の凍結防止に対しては、第１の温
度センサ２２の検出温度が凍結温度に近く、例えば３℃
以下になると、制御器２５から指令で第１の電磁弁１３
が閉じると共に第３の電磁弁１５及び第２の電磁弁１８
が開き、空気抜き弁２１より空気が集熱器１及び温水戻
り管１１に入り、集熱器１，送水管１０，温水戻り管１
１及び連結管１６内の水は排水管１４を経て排出され
る。この場合、送水管１０，温水戻り管１１及び連結管
１６が比較的細い可撓性プラスチック管、例えばポリブ
テン管等で形成されていると、つなぎ目なしで、急な曲
りもなくなるので、細くても流れの抵抗が小さく、これ
ら配管の勾配が必ずしも排水管１４の方向に下り勾配に
なっていない箇所があっても、排水管１４の位置が送水
管１０及び温水戻り管１１より低い位置にあれば、いわ
ゆるサイフォンの原理で集熱器１，送水管１０，温水戻
り管１１及び連結管１６内の水が排水管１４を経て排出
されることになる。このとき貯湯槽８内の水圧は、第１
の電磁弁１３及び逆止弁２０により送水管１０及び温水
戻り管１１とは遮断されて保持される。万一、送水管１
０，温水戻り管１１及び連結管１６内に水が残っても可
撓性プラスチック管なら凍結破損される恐れはない。To prevent freezing in the winter night, the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 22 is close to the freezing temperature, for example, 3 ° C.
When it becomes below, the first solenoid valve 13 is instructed by the controller 25.
Is closed and the third solenoid valve 15 and the second solenoid valve 18 are closed.
Is opened, and air enters the heat collector 1 and the hot water return pipe 11 from the air release valve 21, and the heat collector 1, the water supply pipe 10, and the hot water return pipe 1
1 and the water in the connecting pipe 16 are discharged through the drain pipe 14. In this case, if the water supply pipe 10, the hot water return pipe 11 and the connecting pipe 16 are formed of a relatively thin flexible plastic pipe, for example, a polybutene pipe or the like, there is no seam and there is no sharp bend. Even if there is a point where the flow resistance is small and the slope of these pipes is not necessarily downgraded in the direction of the drain pipe 14, if the drain pipe 14 is located at a position lower than the water supply pipe 10 and the hot water return pipe 11, The water in the heat collector 1, the water supply pipe 10, the hot water return pipe 11 and the connecting pipe 16 is discharged through the drain pipe 14 according to the so-called siphon principle. At this time, the water pressure in the hot water storage tank 8 is
The water supply pipe 10 and the hot water return pipe 11 are shut off and held by the electromagnetic valve 13 and the check valve 20. Water pipe 1
0. Even if water remains in the hot water return pipe 11 and the connecting pipe 16, there is no danger of freezing and damage if it is a flexible plastic pipe.
【００３７】また、集熱器１を２枚のステンレス薄板２
ａ，２ｂをシーム溶接して形成すると、該集熱器１内の
水路３の断面積が容易に伸縮できるので、凍結しても破
損しないことが実証されている。ただし、このように水
路３の断面積が容易に伸縮して凍結破損し難い構造の集
熱器１は、それと裏腹に水圧に対して弱いという難点が
あることは原理的にやむを得ない。そこで、集熱器１を
水圧破損から守るために、集熱器１の破損水圧以下に水
圧を押さえる逃し弁２６を集熱器１の下部に設けておけ
ば、一般に集熱器１は屋根の上に設置され、貯湯槽８は
地上に設置されるので、貯湯槽８内の水圧より集熱器１
にかかる水圧は高さの差の分だけ低くなり、このため集
熱器１にかかる水圧を安全な範囲に保持することができ
る。The heat collector 1 is made of two stainless steel sheets 2
When a and 2b are formed by seam welding, the cross-sectional area of the water passage 3 in the heat collector 1 can be easily expanded and contracted. However, the heat collector 1 having a structure in which the cross-sectional area of the water channel 3 easily expands and contracts and is hardly damaged by freezing has a disadvantage that it is weak against water pressure in principle. Therefore, in order to protect the heat collector 1 from water pressure damage, if a relief valve 26 is provided at the lower part of the heat collector 1 to hold the water pressure below the broken water pressure of the heat collector 1, the heat collector 1 generally has a roof. Since the hot water storage tank 8 is installed on the ground, the water pressure in the hot water storage tank 8 causes the heat collector 1
Is reduced by the difference in height, so that the water pressure applied to the heat collector 1 can be maintained in a safe range.
【００３８】循環ポンプ１２の運転中に、出湯蛇口３０
より勢い良く湯を出湯させると、調節減圧弁２７より貯
湯槽８内に給水される水量が追い付かず、貯湯槽８内の
水圧が低下し、高い位置に置かれた集熱器１内の水圧が
負圧になり、空気抜き弁２１から空気が集熱器１及び温
水戻り管１１内に入ることが起こり得るので、循環ポン
プ１２の発生圧力が小さいものを用いると、空気が温水
戻り管１１の中に閉じ込められ、ポンプ圧力で空気を温
水戻り管１１の下方へ押し下げることも、空気抜き弁２
１から排出させることもできなく、ロック状態になり、
水の循環が止まってしまうエアロック現象が発生する可
能性がある。そうなると、日射があっても集熱ができな
くなる。During operation of the circulation pump 12, the tap 30
When the hot water is discharged more vigorously, the amount of water supplied into the hot water storage tank 8 from the regulating pressure reducing valve 27 cannot keep up, the water pressure in the hot water storage tank 8 decreases, and the water pressure in the heat collector 1 placed at a high position Becomes negative pressure, and air may enter the heat collector 1 and the hot water return pipe 11 from the air vent valve 21. The pump pressure presses air down the hot water return pipe 11 or the air release valve 2.
It can not be ejected from 1 and becomes locked state,
There is a possibility that an airlock phenomenon in which the circulation of water stops will occur. In such a case, heat cannot be collected even if there is solar radiation.
【００３９】これを避けるための手段が、図１の実施例
では設けられている。それは、エアロック現象が起こる
と、循環ポンプ１２が運転中であっても集熱されないの
で、第１の温度センサ２１の集熱開始温度以上の温度に
拘らず第２の温度センサ２３の温度が上昇しないことに
なる。そこで第１の温度センサ２２の検出温度と第２の
温度センサ２３の検出温度との差が一定レベル以上にな
っている状態が一定時間続くと、制御器２５はエアロッ
クと判定して指令を出し、循環ポンプ１２の運転を停止
し、第１，第２の電磁弁１３，１８を開とすると、温水
戻り管１１内及び集熱器１内の空気は貯湯槽８内の水圧
により押し上げられ、空気抜き弁２１から排出されるこ
とになる。この状態で一定時間、例えば１〜２分経過し
た後、制御器２５からの指令で再び第２の電磁弁１８を
閉じ、循環ポンプ１２を駆動すると、今度は集熱器１を
経ての水の循環が開始されることになる。この一連の動
作でもまだ空気が抜けなかった場合には、制御器２５か
らの指令で再び同様の動作が繰り返される。Means for avoiding this is provided in the embodiment of FIG. That is, when the airlock phenomenon occurs, heat is not collected even when the circulating pump 12 is operating, so that the temperature of the second temperature sensor 23 is higher than the temperature at which the first temperature sensor 21 starts collecting heat. Will not rise. Therefore, when the state in which the difference between the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 22 and the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor 23 is equal to or higher than a certain level continues for a certain period of time, the controller 25 determines that an air lock has occurred and issues a command. When the operation of the circulation pump 12 is stopped and the first and second solenoid valves 13 and 18 are opened, the air in the hot water return pipe 11 and the air in the heat collector 1 are pushed up by the water pressure in the hot water storage tank 8. Is discharged from the air vent valve 21. In this state, after a lapse of a predetermined time, for example, 1 to 2 minutes, the second solenoid valve 18 is closed again by a command from the controller 25 and the circulating pump 12 is driven. Circulation will begin. If air has not yet escaped in this series of operations, the same operation is repeated again by a command from the controller 25.
【００４０】なお、逆止弁２０は電磁弁に置換すること
もできる。この場合、該電磁弁は制御器２５からの指令
でその開閉を制御する。The check valve 20 can be replaced with a solenoid valve. In this case, the opening and closing of the solenoid valve is controlled by a command from the controller 25.
【００４１】[0041]
【発明の効果】請求項１に記載の発明では、集熱器の上
部に第１の温度センサを設け、該第１の温度センサから
の温度信号に応じて制御器で循環ポンプの運転停止と回
転数制御を行うので、お湯として利用できる温度に集熱
器の温度がならないと循環ポンプが運転開始されないよ
うに制御器で制御することができる。また、循環ポンプ
の回転数を日射に応じて制御することができる。このた
め、貯湯槽内の湯層の層状性が良く保持され、太陽熱利
用率の高い太陽熱温水装置を実現することができる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, the first temperature sensor is provided above the heat collector, and the controller stops the operation of the circulation pump in response to the temperature signal from the first temperature sensor. Since the rotation speed control is performed, the controller can control the circulation pump so that the operation of the circulation pump is not started unless the temperature of the heat collector reaches the temperature that can be used as hot water. Further, the rotation speed of the circulation pump can be controlled according to the solar radiation. For this reason, the laminarity of the hot water layer in the hot water storage tank is well maintained, and a solar water heater with a high solar heat utilization rate can be realized.
【００４２】更に、制御器が循環ポンプの運転中に第１
の温度センサと第２の温度センサとの検知温度の差が一
定値を越えた場合、即ちエアロック状態になったとき、
第２の電磁弁を所定時間開放し、送水管及び温水戻り管
より上昇する水で空気を押し上げることにより空気抜き
弁から空気を抜くことができ、これによりエアロックを
制御器の制御で自動的に解消することができる。 Further , the controller may be configured to control the first during the operation of the circulation pump.
When the difference between the detected temperature of the temperature sensor and the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor exceeds a certain value, that is, when the air lock state is set,
The second solenoid valve is opened for a predetermined time, and air can be released from the air release valve by pushing up the air with water rising from the water supply pipe and the hot water return pipe, whereby the air lock is automatically controlled by the controller. Can be eliminated.
【００４３】請求項２に記載の発明では、制御器が循環
ポンプの運転開始前に第２の電磁弁を所定時間開いて循
環ポンプの運転開始時に該第２の電磁弁を閉じる制御を
行うようになっているので、循環ポンプの運転開始前に
第２の電磁弁を所定時間開くことにより送水管と温水戻
り管とを上昇する水で空気が押し上げられて空気抜き弁
から抜くことができて、水の循環経路に空気がなくなっ
てから循環ポンプの運転を開始でき、そして、貯湯槽内
に給水管から常時所要の水圧をかけるようにしているの
で、この水圧を利用して集熱器へ給水することができ、
これにより循環ポンプ容量の小型化を図ることができ
る。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the controller opens the second solenoid valve for a predetermined time before starting the operation of the circulation pump, and performs control to close the second solenoid valve when the operation of the circulation pump starts. Since the second solenoid valve is opened for a predetermined time before the operation of the circulation pump is started, air is pushed up by the rising water in the water supply pipe and the hot water return pipe, and the air can be removed from the air release valve, The operation of the circulating pump can be started when there is no more air in the water circulation path, and the required water pressure is always applied from the water supply pipe to the hot water tank. Can be
Thereby, the size of the circulation pump can be reduced.
【００４４】[0044]
【００４５】[0045]
【図１】本発明に係る直接集熱式太陽熱温水装置の一実
施例のシステム構成図である。FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of one embodiment of a direct heat collecting solar water heater according to the present invention.
【図２】本実施例で用いている集熱器の構成を示す一部
破断斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a configuration of a heat collector used in the present embodiment.
【図３】図１に示す制御器内の構成の一例を示したブロ
ック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration in a controller illustrated in FIG. 1;
【図４】本実施例における第１の温度センサの検知温度
と循環ポンプの回転数との関数関係を示す特性図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a functional relationship between a detected temperature of a first temperature sensor and a rotation speed of a circulation pump in the embodiment.
【図５】本実施例の直接集熱式太陽熱温水装置における
制御ループ系統図である。FIG. 5 is a control loop system diagram in the direct heat collecting solar water heater of the present embodiment.
【図６】本実施例で集熱器に取り付ける第１の温度セン
サの取り付け方の好ましい例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a preferred example of how to attach a first temperature sensor to be attached to a heat collector in the embodiment.
１ 集熱器 ２ａ，２ｂ ステンレス薄板 ３ 水路 ４ 集熱器本体 ５ ケース ６ 断熱材 ７ 透明板 ８ 貯湯槽 ９ 保温容器 １０ 送水管 １１ 温水戻り管 １２ 循環ポンプ １３ 第１の電磁弁 １４ 排水管 １５ 第３の電磁弁 １６ 連結管 １７ 分岐接続箇所 １８ 第２の電磁弁 １９ 接続箇所 ２０ 逆止弁 ２１ 空気抜き弁 ２２ 第１の温度センサ ２３ 第２の温度センサ ２４ 第３の温度センサ ２５ 制御器 ２６ 逃し弁 ２７ 調節減圧弁 ２８ 給水管 ２９ 出湯管 ３０ 出湯蛇口 ３１ 空気抜き弁 ３２ 安全弁 ３４ 直流電源 ３５ ワンチップマイコン ３６ インタフェイス回路 ３７ ディジタル／アナログ変換回路 ３８ 商用電源線 ４０ａ ポンプ制御リレー接点 ４０ｂ ポンプ制御リレーコイル ４１，４２，４３ 給電回路 ４４ａ，４５ａ，４６ａ 電磁弁制御リレー接点 ４４ｂ，４５ｂ，４６ｂ 電磁弁制御リレーコイルDESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat collector 2a, 2b Stainless steel thin plate 3 Waterway 4 Heat collector main body 5 Case 6 Insulation material 7 Transparent plate 8 Hot water storage tank 9 Heat insulation container 10 Water supply pipe 11 Hot water return pipe 12 Circulation pump 13 First electromagnetic valve 14 Drain pipe 15 Third solenoid valve 16 Connecting pipe 17 Branch connection point 18 Second solenoid valve 19 Connection point 20 Check valve 21 Air release valve 22 First temperature sensor 23 Second temperature sensor 24 Third temperature sensor 25 Controller 26 relief valve 27 regulating the pressure reducing valve 28 feed water pipe 29 hot water pipe 30 hot water faucet 31 purge valve 32 safety valve 34 DC power supply 35 one-chip microcomputer 36 interface circuit 37 digital / analog converter circuit 38 commercial power line 40a pump control relay contact 40b pump control relay Coil 41, 42, 43 Power supply circuit 44a, 45a, 46a Solenoid valve control Relay contacts 44b, 45b, 46b solenoid valve control relay coil
Claims (2)
た貯湯槽と、前記貯湯槽の下部と前記集熱器の下部とを
接続して前記貯湯槽内の水を前記集熱器に供給する送水
管と、前記集熱器の上部と前記貯湯槽の上部とを接続し
て前記集熱器で生成された温水を前記貯湯槽に供給する
温水戻り管と、前記送水管に接続されて前記貯湯槽内の
水を前記集熱器に送り出す循環ポンプとを備えた直接集
熱式太陽熱温水装置において、前記集熱器の上部に設け
られた第１の温度センサと、該第１の温度センサからの
温度信号に応じて前記循環ポンプの運転停止と回転数制
御を行う制御器と、前記集熱器の上部に設けられた空気
抜き弁と、前記循環ポンプの吐出側で前記送水管に設け
られて前記制御器からの制御信号で開閉が制御される第
１の電磁弁と、前記温水戻り管に設けられて前記貯湯槽
の上部から温水の逆流を止める逆止弁と、前記集熱器の
上部と前記逆止弁との間で一端が前記温水戻り管に接続
されると共に他端が前記第１の電磁弁と前記集熱器の下
部との間で前記送水管に接続された連結管と、該連結管
に設けられて前記制御器からの制御信号で開閉が制御さ
れる第２の電磁弁と、前記温水戻り管に設けられた第２
の温度センサとを備え、前記制御器は前記循環ポンプの
運転中に前記第１の温度センサと前記第２の温度センサ
との検知温度の差が一定値を越えた場合に、循環ポンプ
の運転を停止させると共に前記第２の電磁弁を所定時間
開く制御を行うようになっていることを特徴とする直接
集熱式太陽熱温水装置。1. A heat collector, a hot water tank installed below the heat collector, and a lower part of the hot water tank and a lower part of the heat collector connected to collect water in the hot water tank. A water pipe for supplying a hot water, a hot water return pipe for connecting the upper part of the heat collector and the upper part of the hot water tank to supply the hot water generated by the heat collector to the hot water tank, and the water pipe A direct-collection-type solar water heater provided with a circulation pump connected to the hot water storage tank and pumping the water in the hot water tank to the heat collector; a first temperature sensor provided on an upper portion of the heat collector; A controller for stopping the operation of the circulating pump and controlling the number of revolutions in response to a temperature signal from a first temperature sensor; and an air provided above the heat collector.
A drain valve, provided on the water pipe on the discharge side of the circulation pump.
And the opening and closing are controlled by a control signal from the controller.
And the hot water storage tank provided in the hot water return pipe.
A check valve for stopping the backflow of hot water from the top of the
One end is connected to the hot water return pipe between the upper part and the check valve
And the other end is below the first solenoid valve and the heat collector.
A connecting pipe connected to the water pipe between the section and the connecting pipe;
Opening / closing is controlled by a control signal from the controller.
And a second solenoid valve provided on the hot water return pipe.
And a controller for the circulation pump.
The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor during operation
If the difference between the detected temperature and
Operation is stopped and the second solenoid valve is turned on for a predetermined time.
A direct-collection-type solar water heater that performs opening control .
た貯湯槽と、前記貯湯槽の下部と前記集熱器の下部とを
接続して前記貯湯槽内の水を前記集熱器に供給する送水
管と、前記集熱器の上部と前記貯湯槽の上部とを接続し
て前記集熱器で生成された温水を前記貯湯槽に供給する
温水戻り管と、前記送水管に接続されて前記貯湯槽内の
水を前記集熱器に送り出す循環ポンプとを備えた直接集
熱式太陽熱温水装置において、前記集熱器の上部に設け
られた第１の温度センサと、該第１の温度センサからの
温度信号に応じて前記循環ポンプの運転停止と回転数制
御を行う制御器と、前記集熱器の上部に設けられた空気
抜き弁と、前記循環ポンプの吐出側で前記送水管に設け
られて前記制御器からの制御信号で開閉が制御される第
１の電磁弁と、前記温水戻り管に設けられて前記貯湯槽
の上部から温水の 逆流を止める逆止弁と、前記集熱器の
上部と前記逆止弁との間で一端が前記温水戻り管に接続
されると共に他端が前記第１の電磁弁と前記集熱器の下
部との間で前記送水管に接続された連結管と、該連結管
に設けられて前記制御器からの制御信号で開閉が制御さ
れる第２の電磁弁と、前記温水戻り管に設けられた第２
の温度センサと、前記貯湯槽内に常時所要の水圧をかけ
るように該貯湯槽の下部に接続された給水管とを備え、
前記制御器は前記循環ポンプの運転開始前に前記第２の
電磁弁を所定時間開いて前記循環ポンプの運転開始時に
該第２の電磁弁を閉じる制御と前記循環ポンプの運転中
に前記第１の温度センサと前記第２の温度センサとの検
知温度の差が一定値を越えた場合に前記第２の電磁弁を
所定時間開く制御を行うようになっていることを特徴と
する直接集熱式太陽熱温水装置。2. A heat collector, and installed below the heat collector.
A hot water tank, a lower part of the hot water tank, and a lower part of the heat collector.
Water supply to connect and supply water in the hot water tank to the heat collector
Connecting the pipe, the upper part of the heat collector and the upper part of the hot water tank
To supply the hot water generated by the heat collector to the hot water storage tank
A hot water return pipe, connected to the water pipe,
Direct collection with a circulating pump for pumping water to said collector
In a thermal solar water heater, provided above the heat collector
A first temperature sensor, and a signal from the first temperature sensor.
The operation of the circulating pump is stopped in accordance with the temperature signal and the rotation speed is controlled.
A controller for controlling the air and air provided above the heat collector
A drain valve, provided on the water pipe on the discharge side of the circulation pump.
And the opening and closing are controlled by a control signal from the controller.
And the hot water storage tank provided in the hot water return pipe.
A check valve for stopping the backflow of hot water from the top of the
One end is connected to the hot water return pipe between the upper part and the check valve
And the other end is below the first solenoid valve and the heat collector.
A connecting pipe connected to the water pipe between the section and the connecting pipe;
Opening / closing is controlled by a control signal from the controller.
And a second solenoid valve provided on the hot water return pipe.
Temperature sensor and always apply the required water pressure in the hot water tank.
Water supply pipe connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank so that
The controller controls the second pump before starting operation of the circulation pump.
Open the solenoid valve for a predetermined time and start the operation of the circulation pump.
Control for closing the second solenoid valve and operation of the circulation pump
Detection of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor
When the difference in the known temperature exceeds a certain value, the second solenoid valve is activated.
It is characterized by performing control to open for a predetermined time
Direct heat collector type solar water device that.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7028020A JP2729470B2 (en) | 1995-02-16 | 1995-02-16 | Direct heat collecting solar water heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7028020A JP2729470B2 (en) | 1995-02-16 | 1995-02-16 | Direct heat collecting solar water heater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08219556A JPH08219556A (en) | 1996-08-30 |
| JP2729470B2 true JP2729470B2 (en) | 1998-03-18 |
Family
ID=12237079
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7028020A Expired - Fee Related JP2729470B2 (en) | 1995-02-16 | 1995-02-16 | Direct heat collecting solar water heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2729470B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3932026B2 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2007-06-20 | 株式会社ノーリツ | Water heater using external collector |
| JP2008106980A (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2008-05-08 | Attaka Morinokuni Kara:Kk | Solar heat collecting unit and solar house |
| CN100458304C (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2009-02-04 | 陈岩 | Twin pipe type solar water heater in model of instant use once to turn it on |
| JP5210195B2 (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2013-06-12 | 株式会社コロナ | Hot water storage water heater |
| JP5694073B2 (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2015-04-01 | 株式会社ガスター | Heat source equipment |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS55119650U (en) * | 1979-02-16 | 1980-08-25 | ||
| JPS597349U (en) * | 1982-07-06 | 1984-01-18 | 三菱電機株式会社 | solar heat collection system |
| JPS5966659A (en) * | 1982-10-08 | 1984-04-16 | Kubota Ltd | Liquid heating apparatus of forced circulation type utilizing solar heat |
-
1995
- 1995-02-16 JP JP7028020A patent/JP2729470B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08219556A (en) | 1996-08-30 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |