JP2696348B2 - Electrode material and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
Electrode material and its manufacturing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2696348B2 JP2696348B2 JP18932888A JP18932888A JP2696348B2 JP 2696348 B2 JP2696348 B2 JP 2696348B2 JP 18932888 A JP18932888 A JP 18932888A JP 18932888 A JP18932888 A JP 18932888A JP 2696348 B2 JP2696348 B2 JP 2696348B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- electrode material
- tungsten
- weight
- sintered body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/222—Non-consumable electrodes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ この発明は、アーク溶接等に使用されるタングステン
電極材料に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tungsten electrode material used for arc welding and the like.
［従来の技術］ アーク溶接等に使用されるアーク放電用電極材料に
は、アーク点弧性と耐消耗性にすぐれていることが要求
される。従来、これらの特性を満たすものとして、タン
グステンに酸化トリウムを含有せしめた材料が広く使用
されてきたが、その特性は、未だ充分満足できるもので
はなかった。本発明者らは、上記従来の電極材料を改良
するものとして、タングステンに酸化ランタン、酸化イ
ットリウムおよび酸化セリウムのうちの任意の２種を総
量で1.0〜3.0重量％添加してなる電極材料を提案してい
る（特開昭62−286698号）。[Prior Art] An electrode material for arc discharge used for arc welding or the like is required to be excellent in arc ignition property and wear resistance. Conventionally, a material containing thorium oxide in tungsten has been widely used to satisfy these characteristics, but the characteristics have not been sufficiently satisfactory. The present inventors have proposed an electrode material obtained by adding any two of lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and cerium oxide to tungsten in a total amount of 1.0 to 3.0% by weight as an improvement over the conventional electrode material described above. (JP-A-62-286698).
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ タングステンに酸化イットリウムを添加した従来のい
わゆるトリエーテッドタングステンは、前記の如く性能
的に不充分なものであり、そのうえ原料である酸化トリ
ウムや硝酸トリウムは放射性物質であるので、取扱い上
きわめて厳しい管理を必要とするという問題点があっ
た。そのため、酸化トリウムの代りに酸化ランタン、酸
化イットリウム、及び酸化セリウムの１種または２種を
添加したものが使用されているが、従来の材料はいずれ
も酸化物を総量で3.0重量％以上含有させることが製造
上きわめて困難であり、いずれもこれよりも含有量が少
なかった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Conventional so-called thoriated tungsten obtained by adding yttrium oxide to tungsten is insufficient in performance as described above, and furthermore, thorium oxide and thorium nitrate as raw materials are radioactive substances. Therefore, there is a problem that extremely strict management is required in handling. Therefore, instead of thorium oxide, one or two of lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide, and cerium oxide are used, but all of the conventional materials contain at least 3.0% by weight of oxide in total. It was extremely difficult to manufacture them, and in each case, the content was lower.
しかしながら、産業界では、アーク放電を利用する技
術や製品が拡大するにつれて、たとえば大電流容量放
電、極微小電流放電、高圧下放電、低圧下放電などが求
められており、電極材料としても従来のものよりも酸化
物含有量の高いタングステン電極材料が求められるよう
になった。また、溶接作業の自動化、ロボット化、省力
化、省エネルギー化等のためには、タングステンに対す
る酸化物の添加量を増加させるとともに、含有している
酸化物の蒸発損耗を少なくし、安定した点弧性と長寿命
を得ることが課題となっている。However, in the industry, as technologies and products utilizing arc discharge expand, for example, large current capacity discharge, extremely small current discharge, high voltage discharge, low voltage discharge, etc. are required, and the conventional electrode material is also used. Tungsten electrode materials with a higher oxide content than those have been required. In addition, in order to automate welding work, make robots, save labor, save energy, etc., increase the amount of oxide added to tungsten, reduce evaporation loss of the contained oxide, and achieve stable ignition. It is an issue to obtain the property and long life.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 上記課題を解決するため、本発明は次のような電極材
料およびその製法を提供する。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following electrode materials and a method for producing the same.
すなわち、本発明に係る電極材料は、酸化ランタン、
酸化イットリウム、酸化セリウムのうちの２種以上を合
計で3.5〜13重量％含有し、残部がタングステンである
ことを特徴とするものであり、その製法は、酸化ランタ
ン、酸化イットリウムおよび酸化セリウムからなる酸化
物群のうちの１種又は２種を合計で0.5〜3.0重量％含有
するタングステン多孔質焼結体を製作し、しかるのちこ
の多孔質焼結体に前記酸化物群のうち多孔質焼結体に含
まれていない他の酸化物を3.0〜10.0重量％含浸させ
て、タングステンと２種又は３種の酸化物を含有する電
極材料を得ることを特徴とするものである。That is, the electrode material according to the present invention is lanthanum oxide,
It is characterized in that it contains 3.5 to 13% by weight in total of two or more of yttrium oxide and cerium oxide and the balance is tungsten, and its manufacturing method consists of lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and cerium oxide A tungsten porous sintered body containing a total of 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of one or two of the oxide group is manufactured, and then the porous sintered body of the oxide group is formed on the porous sintered body. Another oxide not contained in the body is impregnated with 3.0 to 10.0% by weight to obtain an electrode material containing tungsten and two or three kinds of oxides.
この電極材料の製法をより具体的に述べれば、次の通
りである。The method for producing this electrode material is described more specifically as follows.
まず、主原料であるタングステン金属粉末（例えば平
均粒度２〜３ミクロン）にランタン化合物、イットリウ
ム化合物、又はセリウム化合物のうちの１種又は２種の
水溶液を添加混合し、水素雰囲気中で300〜500℃に加熱
して前記化合物を分解させる。化合物の添加量は、ラン
タン、イットリウム、セリウムが酸化物となったとき
に、合計で0.5〜3.0重量％の含有量となるような量とす
る。つぎに得られた粉末をさらに水素気流中で900〜110
0℃に加熱して還元を行ない、金属タングステン粉末中
に酸化ランタン（La2O3,LaO2など）、酸化イットリウム
（Y2O3）、酸化セリウム（CeO2,Ce2O3など）の１種又は
２種が均一に分散した粉末を得る。つぎに、この粉末を
金型を用いてプレス成形し、水素雰囲気中で酸化物の溶
融電流の60〜70％の電流を通電して焼結し、気孔率15〜
25％の酸化物入り多孔質タングステン焼結体を得る。プ
レス成形のための圧力は例えば１〜2t/cm2程度であり、
焼結体の寸法は例えば15×15×400mmである。好ましい
気孔率を得るには、例えば焼結後に残留しないような市
販の造孔剤を添加してプレス成形すればよい。なお、本
発明の特徴を大きく損わない程度であれば、不可避的に
混入する不純物や微量の他の元素が存在してもよい。First, an aqueous solution of one or two of a lanthanum compound, an yttrium compound, and a cerium compound is added to and mixed with a tungsten metal powder (e.g., an average particle size of 2 to 3 microns) as a main raw material, and mixed in a hydrogen atmosphere at 300 to 500. Heat to ℃ to decompose the compound. The compound is added in such an amount that when lanthanum, yttrium, and cerium are converted into oxides, the total content is 0.5 to 3.0% by weight. Next, the obtained powder is further 900 to 110 in a hydrogen stream.
It is reduced by heating to 0 ° C, and lanthanum oxide (La 2 O 3 , LaO 2 etc.), yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ), cerium oxide (CeO 2 , Ce 2 O 3 etc.) A powder in which one or two kinds are uniformly dispersed is obtained. Next, this powder was press-molded using a mold, and sintered in a hydrogen atmosphere by passing a current of 60 to 70% of the melting current of the oxide to a porosity of 15 to
A porous tungsten sintered body containing 25% oxide is obtained. The pressure for press molding is, for example, about 1 to 2 t / cm2,
The dimensions of the sintered body are, for example, 15 × 15 × 400 mm. In order to obtain a preferable porosity, for example, a commercially available pore-forming agent which does not remain after sintering may be added and press-formed. In addition, impurities or trace amounts of other elements that may be unavoidably mixed may be present as long as the characteristics of the present invention are not significantly impaired.
この多孔質タングステン焼結体を基体として、この基
体に含有されていない他の酸化物を含浸させる。たとえ
ば、酸化ランタンを含有した基体には酸化イットリウム
または酸化セリウムを含浸させる。この含浸は、タング
ステン製容器の中に充填した化合物例えば硝酸イットリ
ウム、塩化イットリウムまたは酸化イットリウム等含浸
させようとする酸化物が得られる化合物の充分な量の中
に前記基体を埋めこみ、水素雰囲気中にて含浸用酸化物
が溶融するに充分な温度例えば1500〜2700℃で加熱し１
〜２時間保持することにより行なう。この操作により例
えば酸化イットリウムが前記基体の気孔中に侵入する。
なお、酸化物の含浸量は3.0〜10.0重量％であるが、特
性上好ましい含浸量は4.0〜16.0重量％である。Using this porous tungsten sintered body as a base, another oxide not contained in the base is impregnated. For example, a substrate containing lanthanum oxide is impregnated with yttrium oxide or cerium oxide. This impregnation is performed by embedding the substrate in a sufficient amount of a compound filled in a tungsten container, for example, an oxide to be impregnated, such as yttrium nitrate, yttrium chloride, or yttrium oxide, and placing it in a hydrogen atmosphere. Heating at a temperature sufficient to melt the impregnating oxide, eg, 1500-2700 ° C.
This is performed by holding for up to 2 hours. By this operation, for example, yttrium oxide penetrates into the pores of the base.
The impregnation amount of the oxide is 3.0 to 10.0% by weight, but the preferable impregnation amount is 4.0 to 16.0% by weight.
［実施例］ ２％La2O3−W,2％Y2O3−W,及び２％CeO2−Ｗのポーラ
ス焼結体に、すでに含有する酸化物と異る酸化物を含浸
せしめたそれぞれの電極材料を図１に示すように外径φ
2.4mm,先端をθ＝45度の角度で円錘状に尖らせたチップ
Ａとし純タングステン棒の電極基部Ｂにろう付して電極
棒１を製作した。 Example] 2% La 2 O 3 -W , 2% Y 2 O 3 -W, and a porous sintered body of 2% CeO 2 -W, was impregnated already oxides and are oxides containing Each electrode material has an outer diameter φ as shown in FIG.
An electrode rod 1 was manufactured by forming a tip A having a tip of 2.4 mm and having a tip pointed in a conical shape at an angle of θ = 45 degrees and brazing to an electrode base B of a pure tungsten rod.
この電極棒１をTIG溶接機のトーチに保持し銅板（水
冷）を母材としてアルゴンガス中（６/minの流量）に
て電流値50Aでアークスポット溶接を行なった。This electrode rod 1 was held by a torch of a TIG welding machine, and arc spot welding was performed at a current value of 50 A in an argon gas (flow rate of 6 / min) using a copper plate (water cooled) as a base material.
第１表は、アーク長Ｌ＝3mm,電極長さＤ′＝3mm,にて
アークスタートさせ、１秒以内で点弧した回数（成功回
数）を表わしたものである。Table 1 shows the number of times the arc was started (successful times) within one second, with the arc length L = 3 mm and the electrode length D '= 3 mm.
また第２表は、１秒間通電−10秒間休止を１サイクル
とし、これを反復して、点弧状態の異常状態（スタート
遅れ又は点弧時の異常音）が発生するまでの回数を示
す。Further, Table 2 shows the number of times until an abnormal state of the ignition state (start delay or abnormal sound at the time of ignition) is generated by repeating this for 1 second and stopping for 10 seconds as one cycle.
尚、第１表〜第２表には、比較例として各種酸化物を
単独で添加したものを併記した。Tables 1 and 2 also show, as comparative examples, those to which various oxides were independently added.
［発明の効果］ 以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によるタング
ステン電極材料およびその製法は、特性上有効な酸化物
の含有量を従来のものよりも大幅に増加することが可能
となり、従来の電極材料よりもはるかに点弧性と耐消耗
性にすぐれた電極材料を得ることが可能となった、この
ようにして得られる電極材料は、TIG溶接用電極、プラ
ズマ溶接、プラズマ溶射、プラズマCVDなどの電極材の
ほか、設計によっては各種放電灯用電極、電子管用電極
に使用することができるものである。 [Effects of the Invention] As is apparent from the above description, the tungsten electrode material and the method for producing the same according to the present invention can significantly increase the content of an oxide effective in characteristics as compared with the conventional one. It has become possible to obtain an electrode material that is far superior in ignition performance and wear resistance than the electrode material of the above.The electrode material obtained in this way is used for TIG welding electrodes, plasma welding, plasma spraying, plasma In addition to electrode materials such as CVD, it can be used for various discharge lamp electrodes and electron tube electrodes depending on the design.
第１図は試作した電極の形状を表す断面図、第２図は試
験条件を表す側面図である。 １……電極棒FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the shape of a prototype electrode, and FIG. 2 is a side view showing test conditions. 1 ... electrode rod
Claims (2)
リウムのうちの２種以上を合計で3.5〜13重量％含有
し、残部がタングステンである電極材料。1. An electrode material comprising 3.5 to 13% by weight in total of two or more of lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and cerium oxide, with the balance being tungsten.
化セリウムからなる酸化物群のうちの１種又は２種を合
計で0.5〜3.0重量％含有するタングステン多孔質焼結体
を製作し、しかるのちこの多孔質焼結体に前記酸化物群
のうち多孔質焼結体に含まれていない他の酸化物を3.0
〜10.0重量％含浸させて、タングステンと２種又は３種
の酸化物を含有する電極材料を得ることを特徴とする電
極材料の製法。2. A tungsten porous sintered body containing a total of 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of one or two oxides selected from the group consisting of lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and cerium oxide is produced. 3.0% of other oxides not included in the porous sintered body among the oxide group in the porous sintered body
A method for producing an electrode material, characterized by obtaining an electrode material containing tungsten and two or three kinds of oxides by impregnation of up to 10.0% by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18932888A JP2696348B2 (en) | 1988-07-27 | 1988-07-27 | Electrode material and its manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18932888A JP2696348B2 (en) | 1988-07-27 | 1988-07-27 | Electrode material and its manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0237990A JPH0237990A (en) | 1990-02-07 |
| JP2696348B2 true JP2696348B2 (en) | 1998-01-14 |
Family
ID=16239511
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18932888A Expired - Fee Related JP2696348B2 (en) | 1988-07-27 | 1988-07-27 | Electrode material and its manufacturing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2696348B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8420974B2 (en) | 1997-03-20 | 2013-04-16 | Tadahiro Ohmi | Long life welding electrode and its fixing structure, welding head, and welding method |
-
1988
- 1988-07-27 JP JP18932888A patent/JP2696348B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0237990A (en) | 1990-02-07 |
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