JP2691350B2 - Base material for artificial tooth root and artificial tooth root member - Google Patents

Base material for artificial tooth root and artificial tooth root member

Info

Publication number
JP2691350B2
JP2691350B2 JP63179370A JP17937088A JP2691350B2 JP 2691350 B2 JP2691350 B2 JP 2691350B2 JP 63179370 A JP63179370 A JP 63179370A JP 17937088 A JP17937088 A JP 17937088A JP 2691350 B2 JP2691350 B2 JP 2691350B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
artificial tooth
tooth root
artificial
base material
root
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP63179370A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0229244A (en
Inventor
嶽仁 南里
Original Assignee
嶽仁 南里
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 嶽仁 南里 filed Critical 嶽仁 南里
Priority to JP63179370A priority Critical patent/JP2691350B2/en
Publication of JPH0229244A publication Critical patent/JPH0229244A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2691350B2 publication Critical patent/JP2691350B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、人工歯根用基材および人工歯根部材に関す
る。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a base material for an artificial tooth root and an artificial tooth root member.

従来技術とその問題点 従来、歯牙欠損に伴う咀嚼機能の回復には、義歯床に
よる補綴が主に行われてきた。しかしながら、近年咀嚼
機能の回復のみならず、審美的外観および発音の回復を
も目的として、人工歯根が急速に開発されつつある。
Conventional technology and its problems Conventionally, restoration of the masticatory function associated with a tooth defect has mainly been performed by prosthesis using a denture base. However, in recent years, artificial tooth roots have been rapidly developed for the purpose of not only recovery of masticatory function but also recovery of aesthetic appearance and pronunciation.

現在人工歯根材料として広く使用されているものにチ
タンを代表とする金属がある。金属製歯根は、強度に優
れ、厚み(或いは幅)が小さくてよく、加工が容易であ
るなどの構造的な利点を有している。金属製歯根には、
ブレード、オステオインテグレート、I.T.I、コアーベ
ントなどの板状、棒状、キャップ状などの種々の形態の
ものがある。このうち、板状およびキャップ状のもの
は、棒状のものに比して、使用に際して高度の技術が要
求される。
Metals typified by titanium are currently widely used as artificial tooth root materials. The metal tooth root has structural strengths such as excellent strength, small thickness (or width), and easy processing. For metal roots,
There are various forms such as blades, osteointegrates, ITI, plate shapes such as core vents, rod shapes, and cap shapes. Among them, the plate-shaped and cap-shaped ones require higher technology in use than the rod-shaped ones.

人工歯根材料としては、アルミナ、ジルコニア、アパ
タイトなどのセラミック系のものも、開発されている。
しかしながら、セラミック系のものは、一般に、金属に
比して、加工が困難である、厚みが大きくなる、などの
構造的な欠点を有している。但し、アパタイトは、骨伝
導能に優れているので、近年特に注目されている。
As artificial tooth root materials, ceramic materials such as alumina, zirconia, and apatite have also been developed.
However, ceramic-based materials generally have structural drawbacks such as being difficult to process and having a large thickness, as compared with metals. However, since apatite is excellent in osteoconductivity, it has been particularly noted in recent years.

また、金属にアパタイトをコーティングして、両材料
の優れた特性を利用する試みもなされている。しかしな
がら、コーティング法による骨との接着では、アパタイ
トの有する優れた特性は、時として十分に発揮されない
こともある。これは、コーティングが不良であったり、
コーティング時にアパタイト本来の性質が変ったりする
ためであると思われる。
Attempts have also been made to utilize the excellent properties of both materials by coating the metal with apatite. However, the excellent properties of apatite are sometimes not fully exhibited in the adhesion to bone by the coating method. This is because the coating is bad,
This is probably because the original properties of apatite may change during coating.

構造的に見るならば、従来の人工歯根は、コアーヘッ
ドと基底部が一体的に顎骨に植立されてきた。この様な
方法によれば、植立された人工歯根が、口腔内で大なり
小なり咀嚼などの機能に関与するため、圧力が加わっ
て、骨に対する接着が妨げられる場合がある。アパタイ
ト系人工歯根に関する研究から、手術後3〜4ケ月間程
度は安静状態に保持することが、骨との接着を促進する
ために必要であることが判明した。したがって、今後
は、歯槽骨に基底部を埋入し、3×4ケ月経過後にコア
ーヘッドを取り付ける“2ピース法”が主流となってい
くものと考えられる。
From a structural point of view, in the conventional artificial dental root, the core head and the base portion have been integrally implanted in the jawbone. According to such a method, since the transplanted artificial tooth root is involved in functions such as mastication in the oral cavity to a greater or lesser degree, pressure may be applied to prevent adhesion to bone. Studies on apatite artificial tooth roots have revealed that it is necessary to maintain a resting state for about 3 to 4 months after surgery in order to promote adhesion with bone. Therefore, in the future, it is considered that the “two-piece method” in which the base part is embedded in the alveolar bone and the core head is attached after 3 × 4 months has become mainstream.

問題点を解決するための手段 本発明者は、上記の如き技術の現状に鑑みて鋭意研究
を進めた結果、歯槽骨に埋入されるべき棒状の人工歯根
基材の基底部に中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通す
る複数個の小孔を設けた人工歯根用基材を使用する場合
には、従来技術の問題点が大巾に軽減されることを見出
した。
Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor, as a result of intensive research in view of the current state of the art as described above, has a hollow portion at the base of a rod-shaped artificial root material to be embedded in alveolar bone. It has been found that when using a base material for an artificial dental root, which is provided and has a plurality of small holes communicating with the outside in the hollow portion, the problems of the prior art are greatly reduced.

すなわち、本発明は、下記の人工歯根用基材および人
工歯根部材を提供するものである: 棒状の人工歯根基底部にアパタイト顆粒を充填するた
めの中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通する複数個の
小孔を設けたことを特徴とする人工歯根用基材、 棒状の人工歯根基底部にアパタイト顆粒を充填すめた
めの中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通する複数個の
小孔を設けた人工歯根用基材と該人工歯根用基材にネジ
により装着されるコアーヘッドとからなる人工歯根部
材、および 棒状の人工歯根基底部にアパタイト顆粒を充填するた
めの中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通する複数個の
小孔を設けた人工歯根用基材、該人工歯根用部材にネジ
により装着されるコアーッドおよび人工歯根基材の前後
に挿入されるテーパ状の添木からなる人工歯根部材。
That is, the present invention provides the following artificial tooth root base material and artificial tooth root member: A rod-shaped artificial tooth root base is provided with a hollow portion for filling apatite granules, and the hollow portion is communicated to the outside. A base material for artificial tooth roots characterized by having a plurality of small holes, a hollow portion for filling apatite granules at the base of a rod-shaped artificial tooth root, and a plurality of holes communicating with the outside. An artificial tooth root member comprising an artificial tooth root base material having a small hole and a core head attached to the artificial tooth root base material by a screw, and a hollow portion for filling apatite granules in a rod-shaped artificial tooth root base portion An artificial dental root substrate having a plurality of small holes communicating with the outside in the hollow portion, a cored attached to the artificial dental root member with a screw, and a tapered attachment inserted before and after the artificial dental root substrate. Artificial made of wood Root member.

以下図面に示す実施態様を参照しつつ、本発明を更に
詳細に説明する。
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

第1図は、本発明による人工歯根用基材(1)の大要
を示す断面図である。人工歯根基材(1)は、通常長さ
10〜15mm程度、太さ3.2〜5.0mm程度の棒状体で、基底面
は、凸面となっている。基材の材質としては、特に限定
されず、金属(チタン合金など)、セラミックス、合成
樹脂などが使用可能であるが、加工性の点からは、金属
がより有利である。人工歯根用基材(1)には、後述す
るアパタイト顆粒を充填するための直径1.8〜3.5mm程度
の中空部(3)が設けられており、該中空部(3)の周
囲には外部に連通する複数個の小孔(5)が穿設されて
いる。該小孔(5)の径は、通常500〜1000μm程度
で、その総数は、10〜30個程度である。中空部(3)の
上端内周部には、後述するコアーヘッドを装着するため
のネジ溝(7)が設けられている。人工歯根基材(1)
の表面には、骨との親和性を改善するために、アパタイ
トをコーティングすることが出来る。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the outline of a base material (1) for an artificial tooth root according to the present invention. Artificial root substrate (1) usually has a length
It is a rod-shaped body with a diameter of 10 to 15 mm and a thickness of 3.2 to 5.0 mm, and the base surface is convex. The material of the base material is not particularly limited, and metal (titanium alloy or the like), ceramics, synthetic resin, or the like can be used, but metal is more advantageous from the viewpoint of workability. The artificial tooth root base material (1) is provided with a hollow portion (3) having a diameter of about 1.8 to 3.5 mm for filling the apatite granules described later, and the hollow portion (3) is surrounded by an external portion. A plurality of small holes (5) communicating with each other are provided. The diameter of the small holes (5) is usually about 500 to 1000 μm, and the total number thereof is about 10 to 30. A screw groove (7) for mounting a core head, which will be described later, is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the upper end of the hollow portion (3). Artificial root material (1)
The surface of the can be coated with apatite to improve its affinity with bone.

以下、第2図乃至第6図を参照しつつ、本発明による
人工歯根部材を使用する手順を簡略に説明する。
Hereinafter, the procedure for using the artificial tooth root member according to the present invention will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6.

まず、人工歯根を埋入しようとする部分の粘膜(9)
を剥離して、歯槽骨(11)を露出させた後、骨頂部(1
3)が尖っている場合などには、骨頂部(13)の上端を
削って平坦面(15)とする(第2図)。
First, the mucous membrane of the part where the artificial tooth root is to be embedded (9)
To expose the alveolar bone (11) and then remove the bone crest (1
If the point 3) is sharp, the top of the bone crest (13) is ground to form a flat surface (15) (Fig. 2).

次いで、骨頂部(13)の平坦面(15)から歯軸方向に
直径1.0〜1.5mm程度で、深さ8〜10mm程度の穴を開け、
さらにこの穴を上記の人工歯根用基材(1)が丁度嵌ま
る大きさにまで拡張した後、セッティングインストメン
ト(17)により、これに人工歯根用基材(1)を挿入
し、フィットさせる(第3図)。
Next, a hole with a diameter of about 1.0 to 1.5 mm and a depth of about 8 to 10 mm is made from the flat surface (15) of the bone crest (13) in the tooth axis direction,
Further, after expanding this hole to a size in which the artificial tooth root base material (1) is just fitted, the artificial tooth root base material (1) is inserted into this by a setting instrument (17) and fitted. (Fig. 3).

次いで、人工歯根用基材(1)の中空部(3)内にア
パタイト顆粒(19)を入れ、ネジ溝(7)の下方まで圧
接充填する(第4図)。
Then, the apatite granules (19) are put into the hollow part (3) of the base material (1) for artificial tooth root, and pressure-filled up to below the screw groove (7) (Fig. 4).

アパタイト顆粒(19)の充填完了後、ネジ(21)を締
め、粘膜(9)を縫合する(第5図)。
After the filling of the apatite granules (19) is completed, the screw (21) is tightened and the mucous membrane (9) is sutured (Fig. 5).

人工歯根用基材(1)の埋入から3〜4ケ月経過後、
アパタイト顆粒(19)が小孔(5)を介して歯槽骨(1
1)と一体的に癒着した時点で、ネジ(21)上方の粘膜
(9)を除去し、ネジ(21)を取り外し、ここにヘッド
コアー(23)をネジ込むことにより、人工歯根の植立を
完了する。ネジ溝(7)とヘッドコアー(23)との固定
状況に不安がある場合には、歯科用セメントを併用して
固定を行っても良い。
3 to 4 months after the implantation of the artificial tooth root base material (1),
The apatite granules (19) pass through the small holes (5), and the alveolar bone (1
At the point of time when it is integrated with 1), the mucous membrane (9) above the screw (21) is removed, the screw (21) is removed, and the head core (23) is screwed into this to implant an artificial dental root. Complete. If there is a concern about the fixing state of the screw groove (7) and the head core (23), it may be fixed by using dental cement together.

対合歯との咬合関係でヘッドコアー(23)を傾斜させ
る必要がある場合には、傾斜型のヘッドコアーおよび内
冠を制作して使用すれば良い。
When it is necessary to incline the head core (23) due to the occlusal relationship with the occlusal teeth, an inclined head core and inner crown may be produced and used.

また、歯牙欠損部の骨の厚みが小さくて棒状人工歯根
の埋入れ深さが十分にとれない場合(例えば深さ10mm程
度)には、単独植立に使用上の不安を感じることがあ
る。この様な場合には、第7図に概略的に示すように、
人工歯根基材(1)の前後にテーパ状の添木(25)を挿
入しても良い。この添木には、人工歯根と同一の材料を
用いる。添木(25)の人工歯根基材(1)と接する側
は、人工歯根基材(1)の外側と密着する様に、凹面状
に加工しておくことが好ましい。挿入方法は、人工歯根
基材(1)を埋入れした後、その前後部分の歯槽骨に所
定の寸法および形状の穴を開け、2本の添木(25)を交
互に打込んで、固定し、粘膜を縫合すれば良い。添木が
骨の上面よりも突出する場合には、突出部分を削り取
る。
In addition, when the thickness of the bone in the tooth defect portion is small and the implantation depth of the rod-shaped artificial tooth root cannot be sufficiently obtained (for example, a depth of about 10 mm), there may be anxiety in use for single planting. In such a case, as schematically shown in FIG.
Tapered splints (25) may be inserted before and after the artificial dental root substrate (1). For this splint, the same material as the artificial tooth root is used. The side of the splint (25) in contact with the artificial tooth root substrate (1) is preferably processed into a concave shape so as to be in close contact with the outside of the artificial tooth root substrate (1). After inserting the artificial tooth root base material (1), a hole of a predetermined size and shape is made in the alveolar bone in the front and back of the artificial root material (1), and two splints (25) are alternately driven and fixed. Then, the mucous membrane may be sutured. If the splint protrudes above the upper surface of the bone, scrape off the protruding part.

発明の効果 本発明によれば、人工歯根基材内の中空部に充填した
アパタイト顆粒が、該中空部の周壁部に設けた小孔を介
して骨自体と接着するので、強固な人工歯根が形成され
る。
EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the apatite granules filled in the hollow part of the artificial dental root substrate adheres to the bone itself through the small holes provided in the peripheral wall part of the hollow part, so that a strong artificial dental root is obtained. It is formed.

また、人工歯根基材の表面をアパタイトによりコーテ
ィングしておく場合には、骨との結合は、より強固なも
のとなり、より安定した人工歯根が形成される。
Further, when the surface of the artificial tooth root base material is coated with apatite, the bond with the bone becomes stronger, and a more stable artificial tooth root is formed.

さらにまた、棒状人工歯根の埋入れ深さが十分にとれ
ない場合にも、添木を併用することにより、安定した人
工歯根の埋入れが可能となる。
Furthermore, even when the embedding depth of the rod-shaped artificial tooth root cannot be sufficiently obtained, stable implantation of the artificial tooth root becomes possible by using the splint together.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第1図は、本発明の人工歯根基材の断面の概要を示す図
面、第2図乃至第6図は、本発明による人工歯根部材を
使用する手順を説明する図面、第7図は、添木を併用す
る場合の使用例を示す図面である。 (1)……人工歯根基材 (3)……中空部 (5)……複数個の小孔 (7)……ネジ溝 (9)……粘膜 (11)……歯槽骨 (13)……骨頂部 (15)……骨頂部(13)の平坦面 (17)……セッティングインストルメント (19)……アパタイト顆粒 (21)……ネジ (23)……ヘッドコアー (25)……テーパ状の添木
FIG. 1 is a drawing showing an outline of a cross section of an artificial dental root substrate of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 6 are drawings explaining a procedure of using an artificial dental root member according to the present invention, and FIG. It is drawing which shows the usage example when using together a tree. (1) …… Artificial root base (3) …… Hollow part (5) …… Multiple small holes (7) …… Screw groove (9) …… Mucosa (11) …… Alveolar bone (13)… … Bone top (15) …… Flat surface of bone top (13) (17) …… Setting instrument (19) …… Apatite granules (21) …… Screw (23) …… Head core (25) …… Tapered Faux tree

Claims (3)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】棒状の人工歯根基底部にアパタイト顆粒を
充填するための中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通す
る複数個の小孔を設けたことを特徴とする人工歯根用基
材。
1. A base material for an artificial tooth root, comprising a hollow portion for filling apatite granules in a rod-shaped artificial tooth root base portion, and a plurality of small holes communicating with the outside in the hollow portion. .
【請求項2】棒状の人工歯根基底部にアパタイト顆粒を
充填するための中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通す
る複数個の小孔を設けた人工歯根用基材と該人工歯根用
部材にネジにより装着されるコアーヘッドとからなる人
工歯根部材。
2. A base material for an artificial tooth root, wherein a hollow portion for filling apatite granules is provided in a rod-shaped artificial tooth root base portion, and a plurality of small holes communicating with the outside are provided in the hollow portion, and for the artificial tooth root. An artificial tooth root member comprising a core head attached to the member by screws.
【請求項3】棒状の人工歯根基底部にアパタイト顆粒を
充填するための中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通す
る複数個の小孔を設けた人工歯根用基材、該人工歯根用
部材にネジにより装着されるコアーヘッドおよび人口歯
根基材の前後に挿入されるテーパ状の添木からなる人工
歯根部材。
3. A base material for artificial tooth root, wherein a hollow portion for filling apatite granules is provided in a rod-shaped artificial tooth root base portion, and a plurality of small holes communicating with the outside are provided in the hollow portion, An artificial dental root member comprising a core head that is attached to the member by screws and a tapered splint that is inserted before and after the artificial dental root substrate.
JP63179370A 1988-07-18 1988-07-18 Base material for artificial tooth root and artificial tooth root member Expired - Fee Related JP2691350B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63179370A JP2691350B2 (en) 1988-07-18 1988-07-18 Base material for artificial tooth root and artificial tooth root member

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63179370A JP2691350B2 (en) 1988-07-18 1988-07-18 Base material for artificial tooth root and artificial tooth root member

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0229244A JPH0229244A (en) 1990-01-31
JP2691350B2 true JP2691350B2 (en) 1997-12-17

Family

ID=16064665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63179370A Expired - Fee Related JP2691350B2 (en) 1988-07-18 1988-07-18 Base material for artificial tooth root and artificial tooth root member

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2691350B2 (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0229244A (en) 1990-01-31

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