JP2682731B2 - Operation method of flash furnace - Google Patents
Operation method of flash furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2682731B2 JP2682731B2 JP2196764A JP19676490A JP2682731B2 JP 2682731 B2 JP2682731 B2 JP 2682731B2 JP 2196764 A JP2196764 A JP 2196764A JP 19676490 A JP19676490 A JP 19676490A JP 2682731 B2 JP2682731 B2 JP 2682731B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- settler
- concentrate
- sprayed
- sulfide
- solid fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、硫化精鉱を用いる自熔炉の操業方法に関す
る。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for operating a flash smelting furnace using a sulfide concentrate.
硫化精鉱を原料とする製錬炉の一つに自熔炉と呼ばれ
る自熔製錬炉がある。この自熔炉は、頂部に精鉱バーナ
ーを設けた反応塔と、反応塔の下に一端が接続されてい
て側面にカラミ抜き口とカワ抜き口とが設けられたセト
ラーと、セトラーの他端に接続された排煙道とから基本
的に構成されていて、硫化精鉱，フラックス，補助燃料
等の製錬原料は、反応用空気又は酸素富化された反応用
空気と共に精鉱バーナーから炉の反応塔内へ吹き込ま
れ、反応塔内では、吹き込まれた補助燃料の燃焼により
昇温された製錬原料の可燃成分である硫黄と鉄が同様に
昇温された反応用空気と反応し、熔融してセトラーに溜
められる。かくしてセトラーに溜められた熔融体は比重
差により、Cu2SとFeSの混合物であるカワと、2FeO・SiO
2を主成分とするカラミとに分けられ、カラミはカラミ
抜き口から排出させて電気錬カン炉へ導入され、カワは
カワ抜き口から次の工程である転炉の要求に応じて抜出
され、反応塔内に発生する高温の廃ガスはセトラー及び
排煙道を通って廃熱ボイラーで冷却されるようになって
いる。又、電気錬カン炉に入れられたカラミは電気ヒー
ターにより加熱保持され、必要によって電気錬カン炉に
入れられた塊状鉱石や塊状フラックス等と混合されて銅
分が更に炉底に沈降せしめられ、僅かに残った銅分を含
んだカラミのみが抜き口から炉外へ排出される。One of the smelting furnaces using sulfide concentrate as a raw material is a flash smelting furnace called a flash smelting furnace. This flash furnace is equipped with a reaction tower with a concentrate burner on the top, a settler with one end connected to the bottom of the reaction tower and a side opening with a port for draining the kalami, and a settler on the other end of the settler. It is basically composed of connected flue gas and smelting raw materials such as sulphide concentrate, flux, auxiliary fuel, etc. together with reaction air or oxygen-enriched reaction air from the concentrate burner to the furnace. In the reaction tower, sulfur and iron, which are combustible components of the smelting raw material heated by combustion of the injected auxiliary fuel, react with the heated reaction air and melt. Then it is stored in the settler. Due to the difference in specific gravities, the molten metal stored in the settler was a mixture of Cu 2 S and FeS, 2FeO ・ SiO
It is divided into karami containing 2 as the main component, the karami is discharged from the karaami outlet and introduced into the electric smelting furnace, and the kawa is extracted from the kawa outlet according to the requirements of the converter, which is the next process. The high-temperature waste gas generated in the reaction tower passes through the settler and the flue gas, and is cooled by the waste heat boiler. Further, the kalami placed in the electric smelting furnace is heated and held by an electric heater, and if necessary, mixed with the lump ores and lump flux put in the electric smelting furnace to further settle the copper content on the bottom of the furnace, Only the kelami containing a slight amount of remaining copper is discharged to the outside of the furnace through the outlet.
ところで上記従来の自熔炉においては、反応炉内へ吹
き込まれた製錬原料のうちの非常に微細な未反応物や非
常に微細な反応生成物や製錬原料に含まれる低沸点物質
が揮発することによって生成したガスを随伴した廃ガス
がセトラー内へ流入して、これらの随伴物の一部をセト
ラーガスゾーンの内壁に付着させつつ排煙道を経て廃熱
ボイラー内へ流入し、随伴物の大部分は煙灰として廃熱
ボイラー内に沈積するか又は凝集後沈積する。セトラー
ガスゾーンの内壁に付着した付着物の成長したものを
「ベコ」と称するが、このベコは上記反応生成物や未反
応物質が付着することにより時間と共に肥大し、セトラ
ー湯溜まりを保温するために用いられる重油バーナーの
燃焼による灰やセトラー内に漏入する空気により、高融
点化合物であるマグネタイトを主成分とする物に変質す
る。このベコの成長はセトラーのガスゾーンの圧力損失
を増大させて廃ガスファンの負荷を増大させ、延いては
操業停止という事態を招くことがある。従来、このベコ
を除去する方法としてセトラーの保温用重油バーナーの
燃焼量を増大させたり、コークスや微粉炭等の固体燃料
を不活性気体を用いてベコに吹き付けて還元溶解させる
方法が用いられていたが、前者の方法は返ってマグネタ
イトの生成を助長するという問題点があり、又後者の方
法は反応が吸熱反応であるため比較的長い反応時間が必
要とされるにも拘らずベコに長時間継続的にコークス等
を接触させることが難しくその結果除去効果が小さいと
いう問題点があった。By the way, in the conventional flash smelting furnace, very fine unreacted substances and very fine reaction products of the smelting raw material blown into the reaction furnace and low-boiling substances contained in the smelting raw material are volatilized. Waste gas accompanied by the gas generated by this flows into the settler, and while adhering some of these entrained substances to the inner wall of the settler gas zone, it flows into the waste heat boiler through the flue gas, Most of these are deposited as smoke ash in the waste heat boiler or after coagulation. The growth of deposits attached to the inner wall of the settler gas zone is called "beko". This beko grows over time due to the above reaction products and unreacted substances, and keeps the settler bath warm. As a result of combustion of heavy oil burner used in ash and air leaking into the settler, it is transformed into a substance whose main component is magnetite, which is a high melting point compound. This growth of Beko may increase the pressure loss of the gas zone of the settler, increase the load of the exhaust gas fan, and eventually lead to the shutdown. Conventionally, as a method of removing this beko, a method of increasing the combustion amount of a heavy oil burner for heat insulation of a settler, or a method of spraying a solid fuel such as coke or pulverized coal to the beko using an inert gas to reduce and dissolve it is used. However, the former method has a problem that it promotes the formation of magnetite, and the latter method has a long reaction time because the reaction is an endothermic reaction. There is a problem that it is difficult to bring coke or the like into contact continuously for a time, and as a result, the removal effect is small.
本発明は、従来の技術の有するこのような問題点に鑑
み成されたもので、その目的とするところは、より簡便
で且つセトラー内壁に生成したベコを確実に除去し得る
自熔炉の操業方法を提供しようとするものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the conventional technique, and an object thereof is a method for operating a flash smelting furnace, which is simpler and can reliably remove the beko formed on the inner wall of the settler. Is to provide.
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の操業方法は、セ
トラーの内壁上に成長した付着物に、金属硫化物及び／
又は粉状の固体燃料と、該金属硫化物を酸化物となすの
に必要とされる量よりも少ない量及び／又は該固体燃料
を完全に燃焼させるのに必要とされる量よりも少ない量
の工業用酸素とを混合して得られる混合気流を吹き付け
るようにしたものである。この場合、金属硫化物として
は硫化精鉱を用いるのが好ましく、又固体燃料として微
粉炭又はコークス粉等を用いるのが好ましい。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the operating method of the present invention uses a metal sulfide and / or a metal sulfide in the deposit grown on the inner wall of the settler.
Or a solid fuel in powder form and less than the amount required to form the metal sulfide into an oxide and / or less than the amount required to completely burn the solid fuel. The mixed airflow obtained by mixing with the industrial oxygen is sprayed. In this case, sulfide concentrate is preferably used as the metal sulfide, and pulverized coal or coke powder is preferably used as the solid fuel.
反応塔内へ吹き込まれた硫化精鉱中の金属硫化物はセ
トラー内壁からの輻射熱或いは高温度の廃ガスにより昇
温されて着火し、酸素と瞬時に反応して高温の硫化物の
液滴となり、一方粉状の固体燃料は一部は燃焼し残部は
赤熱された粒子としてセトラー内壁上の付着物に吹き当
てられる。吹き当てられた上記液滴や赤熱粒子は付着物
を昇温せしめて、付着物の主成分であるマグネタイトを
ウイスタイトに還元する。このウイスタイトは、そのま
ま或いは固体燃料の灰分中のシリカ等と反応して低融点
化合物となり、連続的に吹き付けられる液滴と共にセト
ラー湯溜まり中に落下する。かくして付着物はセトラー
内壁上より除去される。The metal sulfide in the sulfide concentrate blown into the reaction tower is heated and ignited by radiant heat from the settler inner wall or high temperature waste gas, and instantly reacts with oxygen to form high temperature sulfide droplets. On the other hand, powdery solid fuel is partially burned and the rest is sprayed as red-heated particles on the deposits on the inner wall of the settler. The sprayed droplets or red hot particles raise the temperature of the deposit and reduce the magnetite, which is the main component of the deposit, to wistite. The wistite reacts with silica or the like in the ash content of the solid fuel to form a low melting point compound, and drops into the settler pool together with droplets continuously sprayed. Thus, the deposits are removed from the inner wall of the settler.
以下、本発明を実施例により説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
第１図は本発明の検討に用いた試験用小型自熔炉を示
しているが、図中、１は製錬原料を吹き込むための第一
精鉱バーナー、２は反応塔、３は反応塔２の下に一端が
接続されていて側面にカラミ抜き口４とカワ抜き口５が
設けられたセトラー、６はセトラーの他端に接続された
排煙道、７はセトラー３のガスゾーン側壁3Aに硫化精鉱
８と微粉炭９を工業用酸素10と予混合してガスゾーン内
の任意の方向へ吹き込むことができるように移動可能に
取付けられた第二精鉱バーナーである。FIG. 1 shows a test small flash furnace used in the study of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a first concentrate burner for blowing a smelting raw material, 2 is a reaction tower, 3 is a reaction tower 2. A settler having one end connected to the bottom of the settler and a side opening provided with a port 4 and a port 5 for draining the smoke, 6 is a smoke exhaust passage connected to the other end of the settler, and 7 is a gas zone side wall 3A of the settler 3. A second concentrate burner movably mounted so that the sulfurized concentrate 8 and pulverized coal 9 can be premixed with industrial oxygen 10 and blown in any direction within the gas zone.
次にその作用について説明するが、第二精鉱バーナー
７の使用に際しては、硫化精鉱８中の金属硫化物が金属
になるまで酸化するのに必要な量の酸素量と微粉炭９を
完全燃焼させるのに必要な量の酸素量との合計量よりも
少ない量の工業用酸素10が第二精鉱バーナー７へ供給さ
れて、この酸素10と硫化精鉱８と微粉炭９とが混合され
て、セトラー３の側壁に付着した付着物11に吹き当てら
れるようになっている。このようにして吹き込まれた硫
化精鉱８中の金属硫化物は、セトラー３の内壁からの輻
射熱或いは高温度の廃ガスにより昇温されて着火し、酸
素10と瞬時に反応して高温の硫化物液滴となり、微粉炭
９は一部は燃焼し残部は赤熱した粒子となって付着物11
に吹き当てられる。このようにして吹き当てられた硫化
物の液滴や赤熱した微粉炭粒子は付着物11を昇温させ
て、付着物のマグネタイトをウイスタイトに還元する。
そして、このウイスタイトはそのまま或いは燃焼した微
粉炭粒子の灰分中に含まれるシリカ等と反応して低融点
化合物となり、連続的に吹き付けられる硫化物液滴と共
にセトラー湯溜まり3B中に落下する。これにより付着物
11は確実に除去される。Next, its action will be described. When using the second concentrate burner 7, the amount of oxygen and the amount of pulverized coal 9 necessary to oxidize the metal sulfide in the sulfide concentrate 8 to a metal are completely removed. Industrial oxygen 10 in an amount smaller than the total amount of oxygen required for combustion is supplied to the second concentrate burner 7, and the oxygen 10, the sulfide concentrate 8 and the pulverized coal 9 are mixed. Then, the deposits 11 attached to the side walls of the settler 3 are sprayed. The metal sulfide in the sulfide concentrate 8 blown in this way is heated and ignited by the radiant heat from the inner wall of the settler 3 or the waste gas of high temperature, and instantly reacts with oxygen 10 to generate high-temperature sulfide. As a result, the pulverized coal 9 partially burns and the rest becomes red-hot particles, and the deposit 11
Be sprayed on. The sulfide droplets and the red hot pulverized coal particles thus sprayed raise the temperature of the deposit 11 and reduce the magnetite of the deposit to wistite.
Then, this wistite reacts with silica or the like contained in the ash content of the pulverized coal particles as it is or into a low melting point compound, and drops into the settler water pool 3B together with sulfide droplets continuously sprayed. This makes the deposit
11 is definitely removed.
実施例１ 内径1.5m,天井からセトラー３の湯面までの距離3.02m
の反応塔２と、内径1.5m,長さ5.25mのセトラー３から成
る図示の試験用小型自熔炉を用いて、目標MG品位（カワ
中の銅品位）を60％とし、カラミ温度が1290℃となるよ
うに下記の表に示した操業条件の下で20日間の操業を行
なった。Example 1 Inner diameter 1.5 m, distance from ceiling to surface of settler 3 3.02 m
The target MG grade (copper grade in the river) was set to 60%, and the Karami temperature was 1290 ° C, using the illustrated small-scale smelting furnace consisting of the reaction tower 2 and the settler 3 having an inner diameter of 1.5 m and a length of 5.25 m. The operation was performed for 20 days under the operating conditions shown in the table below.
この結果、セトラー３のガスゾーンの側壁と天井部に
ベコが成長した。ベコの最大のものは、セトラー側壁3A
よりセトラーの全長の2/3の長さだけ排煙道６側へ進ん
だ位置まで形成され、その大きさはガスゾーンの断面積
の1/3に及ぶものであった。この時廃ガスファンの付加
電流は操業開始直後の50Aから65Aへ上昇していた。次
に、第一精鉱バーナー１からの装入を停止して、第二精
鉱バーナー７よりCu:28.3,Fe:26.1,Pb:0.01,Zn:0.23,S:
36.4,SiO2:3.18各重量％の銅精鉱の0.6t/hと工業用純酸
素（O2:90％,N2:10％）96Nm3/hとを予混合してベコ11に
吹き当て溶解除去して操業を再開したところ、廃ガスフ
ァンの負荷電流は58Aまで減少し、目視でもベコが除去
されていることが確認された。この場合、ベコの溶解作
業は７時間が必要とされた。 As a result, Beko grew on the side wall and the ceiling of the gas zone of the settler 3. Beco's biggest one is the settler side wall 3A
More than 2/3 of the total length of the settler was formed up to the position where it advanced to the flue gas 6 side, and its size was 1/3 of the cross-sectional area of the gas zone. At this time, the additional current of the exhaust gas fan had risen from 50A immediately after the start of operation to 65A. Next, the charging from the first concentrate burner 1 was stopped, and the second concentrate burner 7 introduced Cu: 28.3, Fe: 26.1, Pb: 0.01, Zn: 0.23, S:
36.4, SiO 2 : 3.18 0.6t / h of copper concentrate of each weight% and industrial pure oxygen (O 2 : 90%, N 2 : 10%) 96Nm 3 / h were premixed and sprayed on Beko 11. When the solution was removed by melting, the operation was restarted, the load current of the waste gas fan decreased to 58A, and it was confirmed visually that the beko was removed. In this case, 7 hours were required to dissolve Beko.
実施例２ 実施例１と同様に上表に示された操業条件で20日間の
操業を行なった。この結果、実施例１の場合と同様の位
置に同程度のベコが成長した。この時、廃ガスファンの
負荷電流は67Aであった。次に、第一精鉱バーナー１に
よる操業を続けたまま、第二精鉱バーナー７より固定炭
素:53.1,灰分:12.6,揮発分:31.8,硫黄分:0.42各重量％
の微粉炭0.1t/hと工業用純酸素（O2:90％,N2:10％）70N
m3/hとを予混合してベコ11に８時間吹き当て溶解除去し
たところ、廃ガスファンの負荷電流は54Aまで減少し、
目視でもベコが除去されていることが確認された。引続
き排煙道６に成長したベコを完全に除去したところ、廃
ガスファンの負荷電流は操業開始時の50Aまで低下し
た。上述の如く、この実施例では、ベコ除去作業中も操
業は停止しなかった。Example 2 As in Example 1, operation was carried out for 20 days under the operating conditions shown in the above table. As a result, the same level of bean grew at the same position as in Example 1. At this time, the load current of the exhaust gas fan was 67A. Next, while continuing operation with the first concentrate burner 1, from the second concentrate burner 7, fixed carbon: 53.1, ash: 12.6, volatile: 31.8, sulfur: 0.42 each weight%
Pulverized coal 0.1 t / h and commercially pure oxygen (O 2: 90%, N 2: 10%) 70N
When premixed with m 3 / h and sprayed on Beko 11 for 8 hours to dissolve and remove it, the load current of the waste gas fan decreased to 54 A,
It was also confirmed by visual inspection that the bevel had been removed. When the beko that grew in the flue gas duct 6 was removed completely, the load current of the exhaust gas fan dropped to 50A at the start of operation. As described above, in this embodiment, the operation was not stopped during the bedding removal work.
尚、上記の試験用小型自熔炉を用いての実験によれ
ば、第二精鉱バーナー７より上記の如き金属硫化物と工
業用純酸素のみを予混合してベコに吹き当ててもベコを
溶解除去できることが確認されている。In addition, according to the experiment using the above-mentioned small-scale flash smelting furnace for testing, even if the metal sulfide as described above and only industrial pure oxygen were premixed from the second concentrate burner 7 and sprayed on the beko, It has been confirmed that it can be dissolved and removed.
上述の如く本発明によれば、セトラー内壁に付着成長
した付着物を容易且つ確実に除去することができ、この
種自熔炉のより長期に亘る連続操業を可能にすることが
出来る。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily and surely remove the deposits that have adhered and grown on the inner wall of the settler, and to enable continuous operation of this kind of smelting furnace for a longer period of time.
図面は本発明方法を実施するのに用いられる自熔炉の基
本構成を示す断面図である。 1,7……精鉱バーナー、２……反応塔、３……セトラ
ー、４……カラミ抜き口、５……カワ抜き口、６……排
煙道、８……金属硫化物、９……粉状固体燃料、10……
工業用酸素、11……付着物。The drawings are sectional views showing the basic structure of a flash furnace used for carrying out the method of the present invention. 1,7 ... Concentration burner, 2 ... Reaction tower, 3 ... Settler, 4 ... Kalami outlet, 5 ... Kawa outlet, 6 ... Smoke exhaust, 8 ... Metal sulfide, 9 ... … Powdered solid fuel, 10 ……
Industrial oxygen, 11 ... adhered matter.
Claims (1)
応塔の下に一端が接続されていて側面にカラミ抜き口と
カワ抜き口とが設けられたセトラーと、セトラーの他端
に接続された排煙道とを備えた自熔炉において、セトラ
ーの内壁上に成長した付着物に、金属硫化物及び／又は
粉状の固体燃料と、該金属硫化物を酸化物となすのに必
要とされる量よりも少ない量及び／又は該固体燃料を完
全に燃焼させるのに必要とされる量よりも少ない量の工
業用酸素とを混合して得られる混合気流を吹き付けるよ
うにした操業方法。1. A settler provided with a concentrate burner at the top, a settler having one end connected to the bottom of the settling column and a side opening provided with a port for draining kalami and a settling port for drainage, and the other end of the settler. Necessary for converting metal sulfide and / or powdered solid fuel to oxides on the deposits grown on the inner wall of the settler in a flash furnace with connected flue gas And / or an operating method in which a mixed airflow obtained by mixing with an industrial oxygen in an amount less than that required for completely burning the solid fuel is sprayed. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2196764A JP2682731B2 (en) | 1990-07-25 | 1990-07-25 | Operation method of flash furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2196764A JP2682731B2 (en) | 1990-07-25 | 1990-07-25 | Operation method of flash furnace |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0483829A JPH0483829A (en) | 1992-03-17 |
| JP2682731B2 true JP2682731B2 (en) | 1997-11-26 |
Family
ID=16363233
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2196764A Expired - Lifetime JP2682731B2 (en) | 1990-07-25 | 1990-07-25 | Operation method of flash furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2682731B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4499772B2 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2010-07-07 | パンパシフィック・カッパー株式会社 | Inspection hole structure of flash furnace |
| JP6285251B2 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2018-02-28 | パンパシフィック・カッパー株式会社 | Cooling device for inspection hole structure |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS589945A (en) * | 1981-07-09 | 1983-01-20 | 古河鉱業株式会社 | Water-cooled breaker and removing method for oil-can from flash smelting furnace |
| JPS58136729A (en) * | 1982-02-08 | 1983-08-13 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Melting method of accretion in rising flue part of non-ferrous metallurgical furnace |
| JPS6487728A (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1989-03-31 | Nippon Mining Co | Operating method for flash smelting furnace |
-
1990
- 1990-07-25 JP JP2196764A patent/JP2682731B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0483829A (en) | 1992-03-17 |
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