JP2676143B2 - Excess sludge treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ＜産業上の利用分野＞ 本発明は、廃水の主として好気性菌を用いた生物学的
処理により発生する余剰汚泥を主として嫌気性菌を用い
て処理するための装置に関する。 ＜従来の技術＞ 廃水を曝気槽を用いて活性汚泥処理等の好気性処理
（生物学的処理）をした場合、余剰汚泥が多量に発生す
る（用水廃水便覧編集委員会編「用水廃水便覧改訂二
版」（昭和48−10−30）丸善、p422）。活性汚泥処理に
より発生した余剰汚泥は、好気性処理（好気性消化：接
触酸化分解）が行えなかった結果物であり、好気性処理
を再度行っても余剰汚泥の量は余り減らない。 このため、通常、上記余剰汚泥の処理は、脱水機を用
いて、濃縮・脱水処理により、ケーキ状にして投棄して
いた。余剰汚泥を、無処理を投棄することは、悪臭が広
範囲に拡散しやすいとともに、多額の費用がかかるため
である。 ＜発明が解決しようとする問題点＞ しかし、上記脱水機を用いる方法は、脱水機がイニシ
アルコスト・ランニングコストともに高価であるととも
に、多量のケーキ状余剰汚泥の発生を伴ない、やはり悪
臭の広範囲な飛散をもたらすという問題点があった。 ＜問題点を解決するための手段＞ 本発明者は、上記問題点を解決するために、鋭意開発
に努力をした結果、本発明者が先の特願昭62−75388号
（本願出願時未公開：特開昭63−44996号、特許第25641
31号）に係る特許願において提案した表面曝気浸漬濾床
水処理装置を余剰汚泥処理装置に適用すればよいことを
見出し下記構成の本発明に想到し得た。 処理槽の上部に水車を回転可能に固定し、水車の水掻
き出し部材のすぐ下部より処理槽の幅全域にわたり下方
が開放されている回流仕切板を設けて、前記水車の水掻
き出し部材の一部が水没する位置に水位を調節し、水車
の回転により回流仕切板を境にして回流を発生させるよ
うにし、さらに、回流仕切板の少なくとも一側に前記浸
漬濾床が配された構成において、 前記浸漬濾床は、複数の濾床要素が垂直方向で相互に
平行に配設されて形成され、 前記濾床要素は、複数の樹脂製の扁平網管が、枠体に
又は上側保持棒と錘を兼ねる下側保持棒との間に張設さ
れたものである、ことを特徴とする。 ＜実施例＞ 以下本発明の諸実施例を図例に基づいて説明をする。 第１〜３図に示す実施例は、処理槽１の上部に水平に
水車３を固定し、水車の水の掻き出し部材６のすぐ下部
より処理槽の底部へ向けて回流仕切板２を処理槽底部よ
り回流仕切板のたての長さの１〜３割程度の隙間を空け
て設置してある。 水車３の回転により、水は掻き出し部材６によって次
から次へと掻き出される。このとき、水車３の下部と回
流仕切板２との間にはわずかな隙間しか存在しないの
で、掻き出された水は戻ることが出来ず、掻き出された
側の水位が上り、掻き取られた側の水位は下るため、掻
き出された水は回流仕切板２の底部開口部を通り戻るこ
とになり処理槽内に回流７が生じる。なお、この実施例
では、水車３と水槽壁との隙間から逆戻りを防ぐための
逆流阻止板８が設けられ、より効果的に回流７が生じる
ようになっている。 上記処理槽内において回流仕切板２の一側に、余剰汚
泥負荷に応じて一定間隔を空けて数多くの濾床要素4a,4
bを設置して浸漬濾床４とされ、回流により繰返し、余
剰汚泥が接触処理可能とされている。また、水車３の軸
心より若干下方に流入部10aが、略同一高さ位置（必然
的ではない）に流出部10bがそれぞれ位置し、途中に濾
過膜Ｆを備えた排水管10を有する（この排水管10は水位
調整流管を兼ねる）。ここで、上記濾過膜Ｆとしては、
不織布，濾紙，フエルトなどの炉材で構成されたものを
使用し、容易に取り替え可能としておく。 浸漬濾床４を処理槽１に設置する部位は上記に限られ
ず、第４図の如く、回流仕切板２の両側の浸漬濾床４と
したり（余剰汚泥は比較的低濃度とした場合に適す
る）、第５図の如く、複数本の水車を処理槽の両側に設
置し、両側の回流仕切板２との間に浸漬濾床４を設けた
り（回流７を多く必要とする余剰汚泥を高濃度とした場
合に適する）できる。 また、第６図に示すものは、処理槽１を深くして、回
流仕切板２を長くすることにより、いわゆるデープシヤ
フト方式により、設置面積の少ない大容量の処理槽とし
たものである（スペースのないところでは非常に有
効）。この実施例で余剰汚泥が高濃度の場合において、
水車の取り付け本数が設置スペースの点で限定され、回
流７量が不足と思われるときは、水車の回転数を上げれ
ばよい。さらに、嫌気性菌（通性嫌気性菌を含む）によ
る処理とともに好気性菌による処理も促進したい場合
は、図例の如く浸漬濾床４の設置してない側に散気管25
にて補助曝気してやるか、循環ポンプ26を設置し、水車
３にて水が掻き出されている側へ散水曝気してやれば、
酸素供給量が増加して、当該目的が達成できる。 しかし、本発明の装置は、余剰汚泥を嫌気性処理する
ことが主たる作用なので、処理効率（嫌気性菌との接触
効率）を向上させるために、回流の増大は必要である
が、嫌気性菌の嫌気処理効率が阻害されるような、曝気
（エアレーション）のやり方は望ましくない。即ち、上
記水車３の主たる作用は、前述先願に係る表面曝気浸漬
濾床水処理装置と異なり、余剰汚泥（活性汚泥法で発生
した余剰汚泥には表面側の好気性菌とともに内部の酸素
供給不足部分に嫌気性菌が存在する。）を各濾床要素を
形成する扁平網管に接触・付着させることににより、好
気性菌とともに嫌気性菌を付着・供給させるとともに、
該嫌気性菌の付着後の扁平網管上での発生・増殖を促進
させながら、余剰汚泥の嫌気性自己消化を促進させるこ
とが目的であり、曝気は付随する作用にしか過ぎない。 上記循環ポンプ26は水中プロペラポンプ又はバーチカ
ルポンプ等の低揚程で大水量の省エネタイプのポンプが
吐出量も多く望ましい。 次に濾床要素4a,4bの処理槽への設置態様を説明す
る。 第１〜６図の如く、回流仕切板２と平行に垂直に設置
するか、第７〜８図の如く回流仕切板２と直交して垂直
に設置する。このとき濾床要素4a（4b）は、相互に平行
に配列される。 濾床要素として4aの処理槽１への取り付けは一枚一枚
ビス等の処理槽に固定したり、第３・７図の如くスライ
ド枠22を処理槽１に取り付け濾床要素4aを落とし込みは
め込む方法が簡単でよい。 濾床要素4bを、その上側保持棒18aを介して取り付け
た濾床要素4bを濾床要素懸垂枠20の数多くのスリツト21
にそれぞれはめ込みぶら下げて浸漬濾床４としたものの
場合は、第８図の如く処理槽１に取り付けられた受け支
持具24にて濾床要素懸垂枠20を支えればよい。このと
き、濾床要素4a（4b）は、下端側フリーな状態で懸垂さ
れることになる。 濾床要素4a（4b）の基材としては、円筒状網管5a（第
10図）又は漁網（第12図）又は網シート（第13図）等の
網状物５の使用も考えられるが、本発明では、樹脂製の
扁平網管5b（第11図）を用いる。二重の網の間に、曝気
された回流（空気を含む）が接触しがたいデッド空間を
発生させて嫌気性菌（通性嫌気性菌を含む）の自然発生
を促すためである。 支持枠17に張る方法は、網状物の四端を押え板及びビ
ス等で固定するか、枠17に巻き付けて接着するか、針金
等のヒモ状物で枠17に編むようにして固定すればよいも
のである。 この具体的な態様としては、第14〜16図に示すものが
考えられるが、本発明では、第15・16図の如く、複数の
樹脂製の扁平網管5bを支持枠17に張設したものとする。 第14図は、濾床要素支持枠17の網状物５を取り付けた
濾床要素4aの一例であり、第15図は、濾床要素支持枠17
に網状物５を一定間隔を空けて取り付けた濾床要素4aの
他の例であり、第16図は濾床要素支持枠17に網状物５を
たてよこチドリに取り付けた濾床要素4aのさらに他の例
である。 懸垂型の濾床要素4bの具体的な態様としては、第17〜
19図に示すものが考えられるが、本発明では、嫌気性菌
を発生を促進させるために第18・19図の如く、複数の樹
脂製の扁平網管5bを上部保持棒18aと錘を兼ねる下部保
持棒18bとの間に張設したものとする。 この場合は、両端に切り欠き部27が設けられた上部保
持棒18aに巻き付ける如く折り返し、接触部を接着する
か、針金等のヒモ状物で編むようにして結わえ付けるか
又は押え板及びビス等で固定し、網状物５の下端は上端
と同様に、下部保持棒18bを取り付けて形成する。 第17図は濾床要素保持棒18a,18bに網状物５を全面に
取り付けた濾床要素4bの一例であり、第18図は濾床要素
保持棒18a,18bに網状物５を一定間隔を空けて取り付け
た濾床要素4bの他の一例であり、第19図は濾床要素保持
棒18a,18bに網状物５をチドリ格子に取り付けた第３例
の濾床要素4bのさらに他の一例である。 上記濾床支持枠17や懸垂枠20、濾床要素保持棒18a,18
bは、鉄やステンレス製のものが加工しやすく、強度が
あり、安価でよく、下部保持棒18bは錘の役目もするも
のである。 上記樹脂製の扁平網管5bは網管幅5cm〜20cm、網管厚
さ5mm〜15mm、網の素線の太さ0.5mm〜2mm、網目の大き
さ3mm〜15mm程度のものを使用し、細い素線16の網であ
っても、パイプの扁平な形状により、二重になり、強度
がある。濾床要素4a,4bとした場合に、回流の曝気量が
多い場合でも、回流が接触しないデットスペースが発生
して、嫌気性菌（通気嫌気性菌を含む。）の自然発生が
可能となるものである。 通常、網管幅が5cm〜20cmと狭いものを何本も濾床要
素4a,4bにセツトするため、１本１本がそれぞれ独立し
ているため、水流水圧にても、ヒラヒラと動き、僅かに
動くだけでもそれだけ微生物（嫌気性菌および好気性菌
の双）に対する接触効率が増加されるのである。 次に、第20〜22図に、本発明に使用可能な水車の態様
を示す。 第20図は水車の一例を示すもので、水の掻き出し部材
６が板状のものであり、第21図は水車の他の例を示すも
ので、水の掻き出し部材６が管状のものであり、第22図
は水車のさらに他の例を示すもので水の掻き出し部材６
が放射状に出た櫛状のものである。 次に、上記実施例における使用態様を説明する。 本発明は低速回転（周速30m〜60m/分）の省エネ水車
により水車の掻き出し部材６の全長にわたり大水量を掻
き出させて、回流仕切板２を境にして大水量の回流７を
生ぜしめるもので、エアリフトによる回流とは比較にな
らない程回流量が大きく、そのため回流水路が数多く、
幅広く必要となるため浸漬濾床４のデツドスペースがな
くなることになり、それだけ微生物（通性嫌気性菌）に
対する接触効率がよくなる。 本発明に使用する浸漬濾床４の濾床要素4a、4bの基材
の扁平網管5bは、ポリエチレン樹脂やポリプロピレン樹
脂による押し出し成形品が安価に量産されており、汚水
負荷に応じて、網の素線16の細いものから太いものま
で、網目の細かいものから荒いものまで自由に選択でき
る。網目であるため水流は縦横無尽にどの方向にも通る
ことが出来、接触効率のよいものである。 濾床要素4a,4bのそれぞれの間隔は30〜100mmと被処理
水負荷即ち、接触面積負荷に応じて選定する。通常、余
剰汚泥は高濃度汚水であり、接触面積負荷が多くとれる
ため、網目が荒く、かつ、濾床要素4a,4bの間隔を広く
とる。 扁平網管5bは、二重網になっており、単位体積当りの
接触面積は非常に大きいものであり、したがつて小さな
処理槽に浸漬濾床４を設置しても接触面積が多く、回流
７も多大なため、他の処理槽より非常にコンパクトに設
計できる。 また、既設の処理槽１があれば、その槽に合致した回
流仕切板２を落とし込み固定し、上部に水車３を設置
し、濾床要素4aを落とし込むが、懸垂型の濾床要素4bを
落し込む懸垂枠20に落し込んでぶら下げれば、既設処理
槽１の改造も簡単にできる。 特に、標準活性汚泥槽の改造は、ブロワー曝気に比べ
て非常に省エネになる。 ここで、網状物５（扁平網管5b）の内側に発生した微
生物膜は主として嫌気性菌（通性嫌気菌を含む）であ
り、該部では嫌気的自己消化（還元・分解）が促進され
る。また、網状物の外側に発生した微生物膜は主として
好気性菌であり、該部では接触酸化が促進される。そし
て、好気生菌が増殖して活性弱ってくると、水車によっ
て発生した脈動回流により、扁平網管がヒラヒラと動
き、表面側の活性の弱った微生物膜層（主として好気性
菌）が脱落する。すると、内側で成長した通性嫌気性菌
層が露出して、発生余剰汚泥が接触付着して、余剰汚泥
の自己消化がさらに促進されて、未処理余剰汚泥量は大
幅に減少する（脱水機を用いた場合の約1/10）。また、
排水管10から流出する水も排出管10の途中に配されてい
る濾過膜Ｆによりさらに清澄化されそのまま放流可能で
ある。 このように、非常に多くの浸漬濾床４の網状物５のな
かでところどころ経時的に自然剥離が起き、回流７が良
いため剥れたところはすぐ新たな余剰汚泥が付着して嫌
気的消化が促進されるとともに、余剰汚泥中に含まれて
いる未処理のまた新たに発生した好気的消化可能な汚染
物質も酸化分解可能となる。従って、嫌気的消化を主と
して好気的消化も同時に行われるため、微生物膜の自然
剥離による水質の変化はなく、処理槽１の浸漬濾床４は
いつも人為的洗浄等の手を加えられることがなく、微生
物環境はいつも自然のまま一定条件にて保たれるためい
つも安定した処理水が得られるのである。 ＜発明の作用・効果＞ 本発明の余剰汚泥処理装置は、処理槽の上部に水車を
回転可能に固定し、水車の水掻き出し部材のすぐ下部よ
り処理槽の幅全域にわたり下方が開放されている回流仕
切板を設けて、前記水車の水掻き出し部材の一部が水没
する位置に水位を調節し、水車の回転により回流仕切板
を境にして回流を発生させるようにし、さらに、回流仕
切板の少なくとも一側に前記浸漬濾床が配された構成に
おいて、浸漬濾床は、複数の濾床要素が垂直方向で相互
で平行に配されて形成され、濾床要素は複数の樹脂製扁
平網管が、枠体に又は上側保持棒と錘を兼ねる下側保持
棒との間に、張設されたものである、ことを特徴とする
構成であるため、下記のような作用・効果を奏する。 処理槽内の余剰汚泥（混液懸濁粒子）が、濃度を１万
〜２万ppmと高濃度であっても、余剰汚泥に対して、嫌
気性菌（通性嫌気性菌を含む）が作用して、余剰汚泥を
主として自己消化により還元・分解する。分解速度は濃
度に比例するため十分な分解能を有し、濾床要素の扁平
網管の内部で嫌気性菌を主とする微生物を付着・発生増
殖させるとともに、低速の水車回流により、余剰汚泥を
扁平網管上の微生物（嫌気性菌と好気性菌）に接触・付
着させて自己消化（還元分解）させるので、活性汚泥等
で発生した余剰汚泥を効率良く小さな装置で処理するこ
とができる。 通常の活性汚泥法では、余剰汚泥のような１万〜２万
ppmの高濃度の処理槽とすると沈降による固液分離が困
難となるが、本装置においては、大部分の混液懸濁粒子
が接触炉材に付着するので、水の清澄度が高く、最終の
固液分離は、目の細かい濾過膜で濾過することにより、
懸濁粒子が補集され、清浄な透過水を得ることができ
る。 従つて、余剰汚泥の処理に際して、従来の脱水機を用
いる場合に比して、本装置はイニシアルコスト・ランニ
ングコストともに安価であるとともに、余剰汚泥の発生
も非常に少量であり、また、嫌気的自己消化により発生
するメタンガス等も曝気によりある程度酸化分解され、
悪臭の広範囲な飛散をもたらすおそれも少ない。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating excess sludge generated by biological treatment of wastewater mainly using aerobic bacteria, mainly using anaerobic bacteria. . <Prior art> Excess sludge is generated in large quantities when wastewater is subjected to aerobic treatment (biological treatment) such as activated sludge treatment using an aeration tank. Second edition "(Showa 48-10-30) Maruzen, p422). The excess sludge generated by the activated sludge treatment is the result of being unable to perform aerobic treatment (aerobic digestion: catalytic oxidative decomposition), and even if the aerobic treatment is performed again, the amount of excess sludge does not decrease so much. For this reason, usually, the treatment of the above-mentioned surplus sludge is performed by concentrating and dewatering using a dehydrator to make a cake and discard it. Discarding excess sludge without treatment is because foul odor easily spreads over a wide area and costs a lot of money. <Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in the method using the dehydrator, both the initial cost and the running cost of the dehydrator are high, and a large amount of cake-like excess sludge is generated, and a wide range of foul odor is obtained. However, there was a problem that it caused various scattering. <Means for Solving Problems> The inventors of the present invention have made diligent efforts to solve the above problems, and as a result, the inventors of the present invention filed Japanese Patent Application No. 62-75388 (not yet filed at the time of filing of the present application). Release: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-44996, Patent No. 25641
It has been found that the surface aeration immersion filter bed water treatment device proposed in the patent application relating to No. 31) may be applied to a surplus sludge treatment device, and the present invention having the following constitution can be conceived. A water turbine is rotatably fixed to the upper part of the treatment tank, and a circulation partition plate is provided below the water scraping member of the water turbine, and the lower part is opened over the entire width of the treatment tank. Adjusts the water level to a position where the water is submerged, so as to generate a circulation at the boundary of the circulation partition plate by the rotation of the water wheel, further, in a configuration in which the immersion filter bed is arranged on at least one side of the circulation partition plate, The immersion filter bed is formed by arranging a plurality of filter bed elements in parallel with each other in a vertical direction, and the filter bed element includes a plurality of resin flat mesh tubes, a frame body or an upper holding rod and a weight. It is characterized in that it is stretched between the lower holding rod which also serves as the double stick. <Examples> Various examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the water turbine 3 is horizontally fixed to the upper portion of the treatment tank 1, and the circulation partition plate 2 is disposed from just below the water scraping member 6 of the water turbine toward the bottom of the treatment tank. It is installed with a gap of about 10 to 30% of the vertical length of the circulation partition plate from the bottom. By the rotation of the water wheel 3, the water is scraped out one after another by the scraping member 6. At this time, since there is only a small gap between the lower part of the water turbine 3 and the circulation partition plate 2, the water that has been scraped out cannot return and the water level on the scraped side rises and is scraped off. Since the water level on the closed side falls, the scraped water returns through the bottom opening of the circulation partition plate 2 and a circulation 7 is generated in the processing tank. In this embodiment, a backflow prevention plate 8 for preventing backflow from the gap between the water wheel 3 and the water tank wall is provided, so that the circulation 7 is generated more effectively. A large number of filter bed elements 4a, 4 are provided on one side of the circulation partition plate 2 in the treatment tank at regular intervals according to the excess sludge load.
The b is installed to form the submerged filter bed 4, and the excess sludge can be contact-treated by repeating the circulation. Further, an inflow part 10a is located slightly below the axis of the water turbine 3, an outflow part 10b is located at substantially the same height (not necessarily), and a drain pipe 10 having a filtration membrane F is provided in the middle ( This drain pipe 10 also functions as a water level adjusting flow pipe). Here, as the filtration membrane F,
Use a non-woven fabric, filter paper, felt made of furnace material, etc., and make it easily replaceable. The location where the immersed filter bed 4 is installed in the treatment tank 1 is not limited to the above, and as shown in FIG. 4, it may be the immersed filter beds 4 on both sides of the circulation partition plate 2 (suitable when the excess sludge has a relatively low concentration). ), As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of water turbines are installed on both sides of the treatment tank, and a submerged filter bed 4 is provided between the both sides of the circulation partition plates 2 (excess sludge which requires a large number of circulation streams 7 is increased). Suitable when the concentration is used). Further, the one shown in FIG. 6 is a large-capacity processing tank with a small installation area by a so-called Depsyft method by deepening the processing tank 1 and lengthening the circulating partition plate 2. Very effective where there is no). In this example, when the excess sludge has a high concentration,
If the number of turbines to be installed is limited in terms of installation space and it seems that the amount of circulation 7 is insufficient, the number of rotations of the turbine should be increased. Further, when it is desired to accelerate the treatment with aerobic bacteria as well as the treatment with anaerobic bacteria (including facultative anaerobic bacteria), the air diffuser 25 should be provided on the side where the submerged filter bed 4 is not installed as shown in the figure.
If you do aerial aeration in, or install the circulation pump 26, water aeration to the side where water is being scratched by the water wheel 3,
The target amount can be achieved by increasing the oxygen supply amount. However, since the device of the present invention mainly acts to anaerobically treat excess sludge, in order to improve treatment efficiency (contact efficiency with anaerobic bacteria), it is necessary to increase circulation, but anaerobic bacteria are required. The aeration method that impairs the anaerobic treatment efficiency of is not desirable. That is, the main action of the water turbine 3 is different from the surface aeration immersion filter bed water treatment apparatus according to the above-mentioned prior application, and excess sludge (excess sludge generated by the activated sludge method is supplied with internal oxygen together with aerobic bacteria on the surface side). By contacting and adhering anaerobic bacteria to the flat mesh tube forming each filter bed element, the anaerobic bacteria are adhered and supplied together with the aerobic bacteria.
The purpose is to promote the anaerobic self-digestion of excess sludge while promoting the generation / proliferation on the flat-mesh tube after the attachment of the anaerobic bacterium, and aeration is only an accompanying action. The circulation pump 26 is preferably an underwater propeller pump, a vertical pump, or the like, which is an energy-saving type pump having a low head and a large amount of water and a large discharge amount. Next, the manner of installing the filter bed elements 4a and 4b in the processing tank will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, it is installed vertically in parallel with the circulation partition plate 2 or vertically as shown in FIGS. 7 to 8 perpendicular to the circulation partition plate 2. At this time, the filter bed elements 4a (4b) are arranged in parallel with each other. The filter bed element 4a can be attached to the processing tank 1 by fixing it to the processing tank such as screws one by one, or by attaching the slide frame 22 to the processing tank 1 as shown in FIGS. The method is simple. The filter bed element 4b is attached to the filter bed element 4b via the upper holding rod 18a of the filter bed element 4b.
In the case of the submerged filter bed 4 in which the filter bed is suspended by fitting, the filter bed element suspension frame 20 may be supported by the receiving support 24 attached to the processing tank 1 as shown in FIG. At this time, the filter bed element 4a (4b) is suspended in the lower end side free state. The base material of the filter bed element 4a (4b) is a cylindrical mesh tube 5a (first
10)), a fishing net (FIG. 12), a net sheet (FIG. 13) or the like may be used, but in the present invention, a resin flat net tube 5b (FIG. 11) is used. This is because the aerated circulation (including air) creates a dead space that is difficult to contact between the double nets, and promotes the natural generation of anaerobic bacteria (including facultative anaerobic bacteria). The method of stretching on the support frame 17 is to fix the four ends of the net-like object with a holding plate and screws, or to wrap around the frame 17 and adhere, or to fix it by knitting on the frame 17 with a string-like object such as wire. Is. As a concrete mode of this, one shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 can be considered, but in the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, a plurality of resin flat mesh tubes 5b are stretched on the support frame 17. And FIG. 14 is an example of the filter bed element 4a to which the mesh 5 of the filter bed element support frame 17 is attached, and FIG. 15 is shown in FIG.
FIG. 16 is another example of the filter bed element 4a in which the mesh 5 is attached to the filter bed at regular intervals, and FIG. 16 shows the filter bed element 4a in which the mesh 5 is attached to the filter bed element support frame 17 in a vertical plover. This is another example. As a specific embodiment of the suspended filter bed element 4b, the 17th to
As shown in FIG. 19, in the present invention, in order to promote the generation of anaerobic bacteria, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, a plurality of resin flat mesh tubes 5b are used as upper holding rods 18a and lower portions which also serve as weights. It shall be stretched between the holding rod 18b. In this case, it is folded back so as to be wound around the upper holding bar 18a having the notches 27 at both ends, and the contact portion is adhered, or is knitted by knitting with a string-like object such as wire or fixed with a holding plate and a screw. Then, the lower end of the mesh 5 is formed by attaching the lower holding bar 18b, like the upper end. FIG. 17 shows an example of the filter bed element 4b in which the mesh 5 is attached to the entire surface of the filter bed element holding rods 18a and 18b, and FIG. 18 shows the filter bed element holding rods 18a and 18b at which the meshes 5 are arranged at regular intervals. FIG. 19 is another example of the filter bed element 4b which is vacantly attached, and FIG. 19 is still another example of the filter bed element 4b of the third example in which the mesh 5 is attached to the filter bed element holding rods 18a and 18b in a puddle lattice. Is. The filter bed support frame 17, suspension frame 20, filter bed element holding rods 18a, 18
The b is made of iron or stainless steel, is easy to process, has strength, and is inexpensive, and the lower holding rod 18b also serves as a weight. The resin flat mesh tube 5b is a mesh tube width of 5 cm to 20 cm, a mesh tube thickness of 5 mm to 15 mm, a mesh wire thickness of 0.5 mm to 2 mm, and a mesh size of about 3 mm to 15 mm. Even with 16 nets, the flat shape of the pipe makes it double and strong. When the filter bed elements 4a and 4b are used, even if the aeration amount of the circulatory flow is large, a dead space where the circulatory flow does not contact is generated, and anaerobic bacteria (including aeration anaerobic bacteria) can be naturally generated. It is a thing. Normally, a number of narrow mesh tubes with a width of 5 cm to 20 cm are set on the filter bed elements 4a and 4b, so that each one is independent, so even when the water pressure is flowing, it moves fluttering and slightly. By moving, the contact efficiency with respect to microorganisms (both anaerobic and aerobic) is increased. Next, FIGS. 20 to 22 show an embodiment of a water turbine that can be used in the present invention. FIG. 20 shows an example of a water wheel, in which the water scraping member 6 has a plate shape, and FIG. 21 shows another example of a water wheel in which the water scraping member 6 is tubular. FIG. 22 shows still another example of the water turbine, which is a water scraping member 6
Is a comb-like shape that emerges radially. Next, the manner of use in the above embodiment will be described. According to the present invention, a large amount of water 7 is generated across the circulation partition plate 2 by causing a large amount of water to be squeezed out over the entire length of the squeezing member 6 of the water turbine by an energy-saving water turbine that rotates at a low speed (peripheral speed 30 m to 60 m / min). However, the circulation flow is so large that it cannot be compared with the circulation by the air lift, so there are many circulation water channels,
Since it is required widely, the dead space of the submerged filter bed 4 is eliminated, and the contact efficiency with respect to microorganisms (facultative anaerobic bacteria) is improved accordingly. For the flat mesh tube 5b of the base material of the filter bed elements 4a and 4b of the immersion filter bed 4 used in the present invention, an extrusion molded product made of polyethylene resin or polypropylene resin is mass-produced at low cost, and depending on the sewage load, You can freely select from thin to thick wire 16, fine mesh to coarse wire 16. Since it is a mesh, the water flow can pass in all directions in all directions, and the contact efficiency is good. The spacing between the filter bed elements 4a and 4b is selected to be 30 to 100 mm depending on the load of the treated water, that is, the contact area load. Usually, excess sludge is high-concentration sewage, and since a large contact area load can be taken, the mesh is rough and the filter bed elements 4a, 4b are spaced widely. The flat mesh tube 5b is a double mesh, and the contact area per unit volume is very large. Therefore, even if the dipping filter bed 4 is installed in a small treatment tank, the contact area is large and the circulation 7 Since it is also large, it can be designed much more compact than other processing tanks. Also, if there is an existing treatment tank 1, the circulating partition plate 2 that matches the tank is dropped and fixed, the water turbine 3 is installed on the upper part, and the filter bed element 4a is dropped in, but the suspended filter bed element 4b is dropped. The existing treatment tank 1 can be easily modified by dropping it on the suspension frame 20 and hanging it. In particular, the modification of the standard activated sludge tank is much more energy efficient than the blower aeration. Here, the microbial membrane generated inside the reticulate object 5 (flat mesh tube 5b) is mainly anaerobic bacteria (including facultative anaerobic bacteria), and anaerobic autolysis (reduction / decomposition) is promoted in this part. . In addition, the microbial membrane generated on the outer side of the reticulated material is mainly aerobic bacteria, and catalytic oxidation is promoted in this portion. Then, when aerobic bacteria grow and become weaker in activity, the flat net tube moves flutteringly due to the pulsating circulation generated by the water wheel, and the weakly active microbial membrane layer on the surface side (mainly aerobic bacteria) falls off. . Then, the facultative anaerobic bacterial layer that has grown inside is exposed, and the generated excess sludge contacts and adheres, further promoting self-digestion of the excess sludge, and the amount of untreated excess sludge is significantly reduced (dehydrator). About 1/10 of when using). Also,
The water flowing out from the drain pipe 10 is further clarified by the filter membrane F arranged in the middle of the drain pipe 10 and can be discharged as it is. In this way, natural peeling occurs in places in a great number of reticulate materials 5 of the immersion filter bed 4 over time, and since the circulation 7 is good, new excess sludge is immediately attached to the peeled spots due to anaerobic digestion. As a result, the untreated and newly generated aerobic digestible pollutants contained in the excess sludge can be decomposed by oxidation. Therefore, since anaerobic digestion is mainly performed and aerobic digestion is also performed at the same time, there is no change in the water quality due to the natural exfoliation of the microbial membrane, and the immersion filter bed 4 of the treatment tank 1 can always be modified by artificial cleaning. In addition, the microbial environment is always kept in a natural condition under constant conditions, so that stable treated water is always obtained. <Operations and Effects of the Invention> In the surplus sludge treatment device of the present invention, a water turbine is rotatably fixed to the upper part of the treatment tank, and the lower part is opened from just below the water scraping member of the water turbine over the entire width of the treatment tank. By providing a circulation partition plate, the water level is adjusted to a position where a part of the water scraping member of the water turbine is submerged, and a rotation is generated by the rotation of the water turbine at the boundary of the circulation partition plate. In a configuration in which the dipping filter bed is arranged on at least one side, the dipping filter bed is formed by arranging a plurality of filter bed elements in parallel with each other in a vertical direction, and the filter bed element has a plurality of resin flat mesh tubes. The structure is characterized in that it is stretched on the frame body or between the upper holding rod and the lower holding rod that also serves as a weight, and therefore the following actions and effects are achieved. Anaerobic bacteria (including facultative anaerobic bacteria) act on surplus sludge even if the concentration of surplus sludge (mixed liquid suspension particles) in the treatment tank is as high as 10,000 to 20,000 ppm. Then, the excess sludge is reduced and decomposed mainly by self-digestion. Since the decomposition rate is proportional to the concentration, it has sufficient resolution to attach and generate and proliferate microorganisms, mainly anaerobic bacteria, inside the flat mesh tube of the filter bed element and flatten excess sludge by the low-speed water turbine circulation. Since the microorganisms (anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria) on the mesh tube are brought into contact with and adhere to them to undergo self-digestion (reduction decomposition), surplus sludge generated by activated sludge and the like can be efficiently treated with a small device. In the ordinary activated sludge method, 10,000 to 20,000, such as excess sludge, is used.
When a treatment tank with a high concentration of ppm is used, solid-liquid separation by sedimentation becomes difficult, but in this device, most of the mixed liquid suspended particles adhere to the contact furnace material, so the clarity of water is high and the final Solid-liquid separation is carried out by filtering with a fine-mesh filtration membrane.
Suspended particles are collected and clean permeate can be obtained. Therefore, in treating excess sludge, compared to the case where a conventional dehydrator is used, this equipment is both low in initial cost and running cost, the excess sludge is generated in a very small amount, and it is anaerobic. Methane gas generated by self-digestion is also oxidatively decomposed to some extent by aeration,
Less likely to cause a wide range of offensive odors.

【図面の簡単な説明】 第１図は本発明に至る前段階レベルの装置の１例を示す
第２図のＩ−Ｉ線部位断面図、 第２図は第１図のII−II線部位断面図、 第３図は第１図の平面図、 第４図は第１図の変形態様を示す断面図、 第５図は第１図の他の変形態様を示す断面図、 第６図は本発明に至る前段階レベルの装置の他の例を示
す断面図、 第７図は同じく更に他の例を示す平面図、 第８図は同じく第７図のVIII−VIII線部位断面図、 第９図は本発明の濾床要素が懸垂された浸漬濾床の斜視
図、 第10図は本発明に使用する網状物の第一例である網管の
斜視図、 第11図は同じく他の一例である扁平な網管の斜視図、 第12図は同じくさらに他の一例である漁網の正面図、 第13図は同じくさらに他の一例である網シートの正面
図、 第14図は本発明に使用する濾床要素の一例を示す正面
図、 第15図は同じく他の一例を示す正面図、 第16図はさらに他の一例を示す正面図、 第17図はさらに他の一例を示す正面図、 第18図はさらに他の一例を示す正面図、 第19図はさらに他の一例を示す正面図、 第20図は本発明に使用する水車の一例を示す斜視図、 第21図は同じく他の一例を示す斜視図、 第22図は同じくさらに他の一例を示す斜視図である。 １……処理槽、 ２……回流仕切板、 ３……水車、 ４……浸漬濾床、 4a……濾床要素、 ６……水掻き出し部材、 10……排水管、 Ｆ……濾過膜。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 2 showing an example of a device at the pre-stage level leading to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a line II-II of FIG. Sectional drawing, FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a modification of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another modification of FIG. 1, and FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the other example of the apparatus of the pre-stage level which arrives at this invention, FIG. 7 is a top view which shows the further another example, FIG. 8 is a sectional view like the VIII-VIII line part of FIG. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a submerged filter bed on which the filter bed element of the present invention is suspended, FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a mesh tube which is a first example of a mesh used in the present invention, and FIG. 11 is another example. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a flat mesh tube, Fig. 12 is a front view of a fishing net which is still another example, Fig. 13 is a front view of a net sheet which is still another example, and Fig. 14 is used in the present invention. You FIG. 15 is a front view showing another example of the filter bed element, FIG. 15 is a front view showing another example of the same, FIG. 16 is a front view showing still another example, and FIG. 17 is a front view showing still another example. FIG. 18 is a front view showing still another example, FIG. 19 is a front view showing still another example, FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing an example of a water turbine used in the present invention, and FIG. 21 is another example. FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing still another example. 1 ... Treatment tank, 2 ... Circulating partition plate, 3 ... Water wheel, 4 ... Immersion filter bed, 4a ... Filter bed element, 6 ... Water scraping member, 10 ... Drain pipe, F ... Filtration membrane .

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】 １．廃水の主として好気性菌を用いた生物学的処理によ
り発生する余剰汚泥を主として嫌気性菌を用いて処理す
るための装置であつて、 処理槽の上部に水車を回転可能に固定し、水車の水掻き
出し部材のすぐ下部より前記処理槽の幅全域にわたり下
方が開放されている回流仕切板を設けて、前記水車の水
掻き出し部材の一部が水没する位置に水位を調節し、水
車の回転により前記回流仕切板を境にして回流を発生さ
せるようにし、さらに、前記回流仕切板の少なくとも一
側に浸漬濾床が配された構成において、 前記浸漬濾床は、複数の濾床要素が垂直方向で相互に平
行に配設されて形成され、 前記濾床要素は、複数の樹脂製扁平網管が、枠体に又は
上側保持棒と錘を兼ねる下側保持棒との間に、張設され
たものである、 ことを特徴とする余剰汚泥処理装置。 ２．前記水車の軸心の若干下方に流入部が位置し、途中
に濾過膜を備えた排水管を有することを特徴とする請求
項１に記載の余剰汚泥処理装置。(57) [Claims] A device for treating surplus sludge generated mainly by anaerobic bacteria generated from biological treatment of wastewater mainly by aerobic bacteria.A water turbine is rotatably fixed to the upper part of the treatment tank. By providing a circulation partition plate whose lower portion is opened over the entire width of the processing tank from immediately below the water scraping member, the water level is adjusted to a position where a part of the water scraping member of the water wheel is submerged, and the water wheel is rotated. It is configured to generate a circulation with the circulation partition plate as a boundary, and further, in a configuration in which an immersion filter bed is arranged on at least one side of the circulation partition plate, the immersion filter bed has a plurality of filter bed elements in a vertical direction. In the filter bed element, a plurality of resin flat mesh tubes are stretched on the frame body or between the upper holding rod and the lower holding rod also serving as a weight. Surplus pollution characterized by Mud treatment equipment. 2. The excess sludge treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the inflow portion is located slightly below the axis of the water turbine, and has a drain pipe provided with a filtration membrane in the middle thereof.