JP2653173B2 - Cutting tool made of tungsten carbide based cemented carbide with excellent fracture resistance - Google Patents
Cutting tool made of tungsten carbide based cemented carbide with excellent fracture resistanceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2653173B2 JP2653173B2 JP1150923A JP15092389A JP2653173B2 JP 2653173 B2 JP2653173 B2 JP 2653173B2 JP 1150923 A JP1150923 A JP 1150923A JP 15092389 A JP15092389 A JP 15092389A JP 2653173 B2 JP2653173 B2 JP 2653173B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- cutting tool
- tungsten carbide
- carbide
- based cemented
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、すぐれた耐欠損性を有し、特に断続切削
での高送りや高切り込みなどの重切削に用いた場合にす
ぐれた切削性能を長期に亘って発揮する炭化タングステ
ン（以下WCで示す）基超硬合金製切削工具に関するもの
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention has excellent fracture resistance, and particularly excellent cutting performance when used for heavy cutting such as high feed and high cutting in intermittent cutting. The present invention relates to a tungsten carbide (hereinafter referred to as WC) -based cemented carbide cutting tool that exhibits a long-term performance.
従来、一般にスローアウェイチップやエンドミルなど
の切削工具が、粉末冶金法にて、 結合相形成成分としてCo:5〜10％、 を含有し、さらに必要に応じて、 分散相形成成分としてＷを除く元素周期律表の4a,5a,
および6a族金属の炭化物、並びにこれらのWCを含む２種
以上の複合炭化物固溶体（以下これらを総称して「金属
炭化物」という）のうちの１種または２種以上:0.5〜30
％、 を含有し、残りが分散相形成成分としてのWCと不可避不
純物からなる組成（以下重量％、以下％は重量％を示
す）を有するWC基超硬合金素材を成形し、この素材に研
削加工を施して所定の最終形状（寸法）に仕上げること
により製造されることは良く知られるところである。Conventionally, cutting tools such as indexable inserts and end mills generally contain 5 to 10% of Co as a binder phase forming component by powder metallurgy, and if necessary, remove W as a disperse phase forming component. 4a, 5a,
And / or two or more of carbides of Group 6a metals and two or more complex carbide solid solutions containing these WCs (hereinafter collectively referred to as “metal carbides”): 0.5 to 30
WC-based cemented carbide material having a composition (hereinafter referred to as% by weight, where% represents% by weight) containing WC as a disperse phase forming component and unavoidable impurities, and grinding the material. It is well known that it is manufactured by processing and finishing to a predetermined final shape (dimension).
しかし、上記の切削工具においても、近年の省力化お
よび高能率化に対する強い要求から、これを高速切削
や、高送りおよび高切り込みなどの重切削に用いる傾向
にあるが、特に上記の従来WC基超硬合金製切削工具を、
特に断続切削での重切削に用いた場合、切刃に欠損やチ
ッピングが発生し易く、比較的短時間で使用寿命に至る
のが現状である。However, the above cutting tools also tend to be used for high-speed cutting and heavy cutting such as high feed and high cutting due to recent strong demands for labor saving and high efficiency. Cemented carbide cutting tools,
In particular, when used for heavy cutting in intermittent cutting, the cutting edge is liable to cause chipping and chipping, and the service life is currently reached in a relatively short time.
そこで、本発明者等は、上述のような観点から、上記
の従来WC基超硬合金製切削工具に着目し、これの耐欠損
性の向上をはかるべく研究を行なった結果、上記の従来
WC基超合金製切削工具においては、その表面に対するＸ
線回折で、WCの（211）面に、単一のピーク波形か、あ
るいは高低差のある２つの連続ピーク波形が現われ、か
つ前記２つの連続ピーク波形の場合、２つの連続ピーク
間の谷部から高い方のピーク高さをＬ、同じく低い方の
ピーク高さをｌとすると、L/lが40以上になる回折曲線
を示すが、これに例えば0.01〜0.5torrの真空中、1000
〜1500℃の範囲内の所定温度に所定時間保持の熱処理を
施すと、その表面に対するＸ線回折で、WCの（211）面
に現われる波形が、第１図に例示される通り上記の２つ
の連続ピーク波形ではあるが、L/lの比が35以下の高低
差の小さくなった回折曲線を示すようになり、このよう
な熱処理による波形の変化は、表面の研削加工時に表面
に圧着あるいはこれに圧入して欠けやチッピングなどの
起点となっていた研削屑の工具表面部での一体化、およ
び研削時に発生した表面部内部歪の除去に原因があるも
のと推定され、したがって上記熱処理後の波形を示すWC
基超硬合金製切削工具は耐欠損性にすぐれたものとな
り、これを通常の連続切削や断続切削は勿論のこと、特
に断続切削での高送りや高切り込みなどの重切削に用い
た場合に、すぐれた切削性能を長期に亘って発揮すると
いう知見を得たのである。Therefore, the present inventors focused on the above-mentioned conventional WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool from the above-described viewpoints and conducted research to improve the fracture resistance thereof.
In the case of WC-based superalloy cutting tools, X
In the line diffraction, a single peak waveform or two continuous peak waveforms having a difference in elevation appear on the (211) plane of the WC, and in the case of the two continuous peak waveforms, a valley between the two continuous peaks When the peak height of the higher peak is L and the peak height of the lower peak is l, a diffraction curve showing L / l of 40 or more is shown.
When a heat treatment is performed at a predetermined temperature within a range of up to 1500 ° C. for a predetermined time, a waveform appearing on the (211) plane of the WC by X-ray diffraction on the surface is as shown in FIG. Although it is a continuous peak waveform, it shows a diffraction curve with a small difference in height with an L / l ratio of 35 or less. It is presumed to be due to the unification at the tool surface of the grinding debris, which had been the starting point of chipping and chipping due to press-fitting, and the removal of internal strain generated at the time of grinding, and therefore after the heat treatment. WC showing waveform
The base cemented carbide cutting tool is excellent in fracture resistance, and it is used not only for ordinary continuous cutting and intermittent cutting but also for heavy cutting such as high feed and high cutting in intermittent cutting. It has been found that excellent cutting performance is exhibited over a long period of time.
この発明は、上記知見にもとづいてなされたものであ
って、 結合相形成成分としてCo:5〜10％、 を含有し、さらに必要に応じて、 分散相形成成分として金属炭化物のうちの１種または
２種以上:0.5〜30％、 を含有し、残りが分散相形成成分としてのWCと不可避不
純物からなる組成を有するWC基超硬合金製切削工具にお
いて、 上記切削工具表面に対するＸ線回折で、WCの（211）
面に、高低差のある２つの連続ピークからなり、かつ前
記２つの連続ピーク間の谷部から高い方のピーク高さを
Ｌ、同じく低い方のピーク高さをｌとした場合、L/l:35
以下を満足する波形が現われる回折曲線を示してなる耐
欠損性のすぐれたWC基超硬合金製切削工具に特徴を有す
るものである。The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned findings, and contains Co: 5 to 10% as a binder phase forming component, and further comprises, if necessary, one of metal carbides as a dispersed phase forming component. Or two or more kinds: 0.5 to 30%, and the rest is a WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool having a composition consisting of WC as a disperse phase forming component and unavoidable impurities. , WC (211)
When the surface is composed of two continuous peaks having a height difference, and the height of the higher peak from the valley between the two continuous peaks is L and the height of the lower peak is 1 as L / l, : 35
This is a feature of a cutting tool made of a WC-based cemented carbide having excellent fracture resistance and showing a diffraction curve showing a waveform satisfying the following.
つぎに、この発明の切削工具において、上記の通り数
値限定した理由を説明する。Next, the reason for limiting the numerical values of the cutting tool of the present invention as described above will be described.
（ａ） Co含有量 Co成分には、切削工具の靭性および強度を向上させる
作用があるが、その含有量が５％未満では前記作用に所
望の効果が得られず、一方その含有量が10％を越えると
耐摩耗性が低下するようになることから、その含有量を
５〜10％と定めた。(A) Co content The Co component has the effect of improving the toughness and strength of the cutting tool. However, if the content is less than 5%, the desired effect cannot be obtained in the above-mentioned effect. %, The wear resistance is reduced, so the content is set to 5 to 10%.
（ｂ） 金属炭化物の含有量 金属炭化物には、WCとの共存において切削工具の耐摩
耗性を向上させる作用があるので必要に応じて含有させ
るが、その含有量が0.5％未満では所望の耐摩耗性向上
効果が得られず、一方その含有量が30％を越えると靭性
が急激に低下するようになることから、その含有量を0.
5〜30％と定めた。(B) Content of metal carbide Metal carbide has the effect of improving the wear resistance of a cutting tool in the coexistence with WC, so it is added as needed. The effect of improving abrasion is not obtained.On the other hand, if the content exceeds 30%, the toughness suddenly decreases.
It was set at 5-30%.
（ｃ） ピーク波形のL/l 上記の通り、従来WC基超硬合金製切削工具におけるよ
うに、L/l比が40以上では十分な耐欠損性を示さず、上
記条件での熱処理を加えて、L/l比を35以下にすること
によってはじめて、切削工具は十分な耐欠損性をもつよ
うになる。また、このL/l:35以下のピーク波形は、熱処
理時の加熱温度を1000℃以上とすることにより可能とな
り、一方その加熱温度が1500℃を越えると結晶粒が粗大
化して強度が低下するようになるので、前記加熱温度10
00〜1500℃とするのが望ましく、この場合の保持時間
は、例えばスローアウェイチップで30〜90分で十分であ
る。(C) L / l of peak waveform As described above, when the L / l ratio is 40 or more, as in the conventional WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool, sufficient fracture resistance is not exhibited, and heat treatment under the above conditions is applied. Only when the L / l ratio is 35 or less does the cutting tool have sufficient fracture resistance. In addition, the peak waveform of L / l: 35 or less can be obtained by setting the heating temperature during the heat treatment to 1000 ° C. or more, and when the heating temperature exceeds 1500 ° C., the crystal grains are coarsened and the strength is reduced. So the heating temperature 10
The temperature is desirably set to 00 to 1500 ° C., and in this case, a holding time of, for example, a throw-away tip of 30 to 90 minutes is sufficient.
つぎに、この発明の切削工具を実施例により具体的に
説明する。Next, the cutting tool according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
原料粉末として、いずれも0.5〜10μｍの範囲内の所
定の平均粒径を有するWC粉末、Co粉末、各種の金属炭化
物粉末を用意し、これら原料粉末をそれぞれ第１表に示
される配合組成に配合し、ボールミルで72時間湿式混合
し、乾燥した後、1.5ton/cm2の圧力で圧粉体にプレス成
形し、この圧粉体を、１×10-3torrの真空中、1350〜15
00℃の範囲内の所定温度に90分間保持の条件で焼結して
配合組成と実質的に同一の成分組成をもったWC基超硬合
金素材を成形し、この素材の上下面および外周面に研削
加工を施して、CIS（超硬工具協会）規格SPP422の形状
をもった切削工具としてのスローアウェイチップ（この
チップは従来スローアウェイチップに相当するものなの
で、以下従来切削チップという）１〜14を製造し、引続
いてこれら従来切削チップ１〜14のそれぞれの半分を用
い、これに第１表に示される条件で熱処理を施すことに
より本発明切削チップ１〜14をそれぞれ製造した。As raw material powders, WC powders, Co powders, and various metal carbide powders each having a predetermined average particle size in the range of 0.5 to 10 μm are prepared, and these raw material powders are respectively blended into the composition shown in Table 1. The mixture was wet-mixed for 72 hours in a ball mill, dried, and then pressed into a green compact at a pressure of 1.5 ton / cm 2 , and the green compact was dried in a vacuum of 1 × 10 −3 torr for 1350 to 15
Sintering is performed at a predetermined temperature in the range of 00 ° C for 90 minutes to form a WC-based cemented carbide material having substantially the same component composition as the compounded composition. To a grinding tool, and a throw-away insert as a cutting tool having the shape of CIS (Carbide Tool Association) standard SPP422 (this tip is equivalent to a conventional throw-away tip, henceforth called a conventional cutting tip) 14 was manufactured, and subsequently, each half of each of the conventional cutting tips 1 to 14 was subjected to a heat treatment under the conditions shown in Table 1 to produce cutting inserts 1 to 14 of the present invention, respectively.
ついで、この結果得られた本発明切削チップ１〜14お
よび従来切削チップ１〜14の表面に、 管球:Cu、フィルタ:Ni、 管電圧:40kV、管電流:40mA、 時定数:5、 レコーダー速度:40mm/2θ（度）、 レコーダーフルスケール:10000cps、 の条件でＸ線回折を施して回折曲線を求め、この回折曲
線からWCの（211）面に現われた波形のL/l比を算出し
た。Then, on the surfaces of the cutting tips 1 to 14 of the present invention and the conventional cutting tips 1 to 14 obtained as a result, tube: Cu, filter: Ni, tube voltage: 40 kV, tube current: 40 mA, time constant: 5, recorder Velocity: 40mm / 2θ (degrees), recorder full scale: 10,000 cps, X-ray diffraction is performed to obtain a diffraction curve, and from this diffraction curve, the L / l ratio of the waveform appearing on the (211) plane of the WC is calculated. did.
さらに、これらの切削チップについて、 被削材:SNCM439（硬度:HB270）、 切削速度:120m/min、 送り :0.5mm/rev.、 切り込み:2.5mm、 切削時間:3min、 の条件での鋼の乾式高送り断続切削試験、 被削材 :SNCM439（硬度:HB270）、 切削速度:120m/min、 送り :0.3mm/rev.、 切り込み:5mm、 切削時間:3min、 の条件での鋼の乾式高切り込み断続切削試験、 被削材 :SNCM439（硬度:HB240）、 切削速度:130m/min、 送り :0.25mm/rev.、 切り込み:1.5mm、 切削時間:30min、 の条件での鋼の乾式連続切削試験を行ない、上記断続切
削試験では、切刃10個のうちの欠損（チッピング）発生
数を測定し、また連続切削試験では切刃の逃げ面摩耗幅
とすくい面摩耗深さを測定した。これらの測定結果を第
１表に示した。Furthermore, for these cutting tips, Workpiece: SNCM439 (Hardness: H B 270), Cutting speed: 120 m / min, Feed:. 0.5mm / rev, cut: 2.5 mm, Cutting time: 3min, dry high feed interrupted cutting test of steel in the conditions workpiece: SNCM439 (hardness: H B 270), cutting speed: 120 m / min, feed:. 0.3 mm / rev, cut: 5 mm, cutting time: 3min, cut dry high steel at conditions intermittent cutting test workpiece: SNCM439 (hardness: H B 240), cutting speed: 130m / min, feed:. 0.25 mm / rev, cut: 1.5 mm, cutting time: 30min, a dry continuous cutting test of steel in the conditions In the intermittent cutting test, the number of occurrences of chipping of 10 cutting edges was measured, and in the continuous cutting test, the flank wear width and the rake face wear depth of the cutting blade were measured. Table 1 shows the results of these measurements.
第１表に示される結果から、本発明切削チップ１〜14
は、連続切削では従来切削チップ１〜14に比してすぐれ
た耐摩耗性を示し、また断続切削でも、従来切削チップ
１〜14は、切削条件が苛酷であることもあって切刃に欠
損やチッピングが発生し、耐欠損性の劣るものであるの
に対して、本発明切削チップ１〜14は切刃に欠損やチッ
ピングの発生がほとんどなく、一段とすぐれた耐欠損性
を示すことが明らかである。From the results shown in Table 1, the cutting tips 1 to 14 of the present invention were obtained.
Shows excellent wear resistance in continuous cutting compared to conventional cutting inserts 1 to 14, and in interrupted cutting, conventional cutting inserts 1 to 14 lack chipping edges due to severe cutting conditions. It is clear that the cutting tips 1 to 14 of the present invention hardly cause chipping or chipping on the cutting edge, and exhibit more excellent chipping resistance, whereas chipping and chipping are inferior. It is.
上述のように、この発明のWC基超硬合金製切削工具
は、従来WC基超硬合金製切削工具に比べて一段とすぐれ
た耐摩耗および耐欠損性を有するので、通常の連続切削
および断続切削は勿論のこと、特に断続切削での高送り
や高切り込みなどの重切削に用いた場合に、すぐれた切
削性能を著しく長期に亘って発揮するなど工業上有用な
特性を有するのである。As described above, the WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool of the present invention has much higher wear and chipping resistance than the conventional WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool, so that it can be used for ordinary continuous cutting and interrupted cutting. Of course, when used for heavy cutting such as high feed and high cutting in intermittent cutting, it has industrially useful characteristics such as exhibiting excellent cutting performance for a remarkably long period.
第１図はこの発明のWC基超硬合金製切削工具表面に対す
るＸ線回折で、WCの（211）面に現われる波形を例示す
る図である。FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of a waveform appearing on the (211) plane of WC by X-ray diffraction on the surface of a WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool according to the present invention.
Claims (2)
テンと不可避不純物からなる組成を有する炭化タングス
テン基超硬合金製切削工具において、 上記切削工具表面に対するＸ線回折で、炭化タングステ
ンの（211）面に、高低差のある２つの連続ピークから
なり、かつ前記２つの連続ピーク間の谷部から高い方の
ピーク高さをＬ、同じく低い方のピーク高さをｌとした
場合、L/l:35以下を満足する波形が現われる回折曲線を
示すことを特徴とする耐欠損性のすぐれた炭化タングス
テン基超硬合金製切削工具。1. A tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide cutting tool containing 5 to 10% by weight of Co as a binder phase-forming component and the balance comprising tungsten carbide as a dispersed phase-forming component and inevitable impurities. In the X-ray diffraction with respect to the cutting tool surface, the (211) plane of tungsten carbide is composed of two continuous peaks having a height difference, and the higher peak height from the valley between the two continuous peaks is represented by L. Also, when the lower peak height is l, a cutting tool made of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide having excellent fracture resistance, which shows a diffraction curve showing a waveform satisfying L / l: 35 or less. .
よび6a族金属の炭化物、並びにこれらの炭化タングステ
ンを含む２種以上の複合炭化物固溶体のうちの１種また
は２種以上:0.5〜30重量％、 を含有し、残りが分散相形成成分としての炭化タングス
テンと不可避不純物からなる組成を有する炭化タングス
テン基超硬合金基切削工具において、 上記切削工具表面に対するＸ線回折で、炭化タングステ
ンの（211）面に、高低差のある２つの連続ピークから
なり、かつ前記２つの連続ピーク間の谷部から高い方の
ピーク高さをＬ、同じく低い方のピーク高さをｌとした
場合、L/l:35以下を満足する波形が現われる回折曲線を
示すことを特徴とする耐欠損性のすぐれた炭化タングス
テン基超硬合金製切削工具。2. A binder containing 5 to 10% by weight of Co as a binder phase-forming component, carbides of metals of Groups 4a, 5a and 6a of the Periodic Table of Elements other than W as a dispersed phase-forming component, and tungsten carbide thereof. One or more of a plurality of complex carbide solid solutions: 0.5 to 30% by weight, and the balance being tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide comprising tungsten carbide as a dispersed phase forming component and unavoidable impurities In the base cutting tool, in the X-ray diffraction of the cutting tool surface, the (211) plane of tungsten carbide is composed of two continuous peaks having a height difference, and a higher peak from a valley between the two continuous peaks. When the height is L and the lower peak height is l, a diffraction curve showing a waveform satisfying L / l: 35 or less is exhibited. Made of alloy Cutting tool.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1150923A JP2653173B2 (en) | 1989-06-14 | 1989-06-14 | Cutting tool made of tungsten carbide based cemented carbide with excellent fracture resistance |
| US07/507,665 US5066553A (en) | 1989-04-12 | 1990-04-10 | Surface-coated tool member of tungsten carbide based cemented carbide |
| EP90106963A EP0392519B1 (en) | 1989-04-12 | 1990-04-11 | Surface-coated tool member of tungsten carbide based cemented carbide |
| DE69005348T DE69005348T2 (en) | 1989-04-12 | 1990-04-11 | Surface-coated tool part made of tungsten carbide based on tungsten carbide. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1150923A JP2653173B2 (en) | 1989-06-14 | 1989-06-14 | Cutting tool made of tungsten carbide based cemented carbide with excellent fracture resistance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0319702A JPH0319702A (en) | 1991-01-28 |
| JP2653173B2 true JP2653173B2 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
Family
ID=15507363
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1150923A Expired - Lifetime JP2653173B2 (en) | 1989-04-12 | 1989-06-14 | Cutting tool made of tungsten carbide based cemented carbide with excellent fracture resistance |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2653173B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI347978B (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2011-09-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Ultra-hard composite material and method for manufacturing the same |
| KR20110099694A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2011-09-08 | 쎄코 툴스 에이비 | Method of making cutting tool inserts with high demands on dimensional accuracy |
-
1989
- 1989-06-14 JP JP1150923A patent/JP2653173B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0319702A (en) | 1991-01-28 |
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