JP2640901B2 - Liquid filtration device - Google Patents
Liquid filtration deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2640901B2 JP2640901B2 JP5057660A JP5766093A JP2640901B2 JP 2640901 B2 JP2640901 B2 JP 2640901B2 JP 5057660 A JP5057660 A JP 5057660A JP 5766093 A JP5766093 A JP 5766093A JP 2640901 B2 JP2640901 B2 JP 2640901B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- adsorbent
- liquid
- impurity particles
- particles
- cylindrical body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、微粒子、油等の不純
物粒子が混入した、例えば、洗浄液，有機溶剤，切削
液，油，水等の液体を、マグネシュウムの結晶状繊維を
集合して構成した顆粒状体、もしくは粉末状体からなる
吸着剤の相互間隙中に通過させて、不純物粒子の相互間
距離を、不純物粒子相互が凝集する距離まで近づけ、不
純物相互を凝集させ、数百個の大きな塊にした後、不純
物粒子個々に対して十分に目の粗い濾過層で瀘過するよ
うにした液体濾過装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid, such as a cleaning liquid, an organic solvent, a cutting liquid, oil, or water, containing impurities such as fine particles and oil. The adsorbent consisting of the granular or powdered material is passed through the gap between the particles, the distance between the impurity particles is reduced to the distance where the impurity particles are aggregated, and the impurities are aggregated. The present invention relates to a liquid filtration apparatus in which each of impurity particles is filtered through a sufficiently coarse filter layer after being formed into a large mass.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図９は、従来の装置を示す。図におい
て、流入口１０ａから容器１０内に流入した液体は、電
極カセット１５の第一のメッシュ電極１５ａと容器１０
間で電圧が印加され、液体中の不純物粒子は静電凝集し
て大きくなり、第一のメッシュ電極１５ａの目より大き
くなったものは、第一のメッシュ電極１５ａで瀘過され
て後、電極カセット１５中に収納された活性白土，ゼオ
ライト，活性炭等の吸着剤３に至る。吸着剤３は、第
一，第二のメッシュ電極１５ａ，１５ｂに囲まれている
ため、その表面電位は、第一のメッシュ電極１５ａに印
加される電圧まで上昇し、静電吸着力を飛躍的に高めて
液体中の不純物粒子を静電吸着する。また、吸着剤３を
通過して静電凝集して大きくなった不純物粒子は、目の
粗いフイルタ４の外周上に滞積してケーク瀘過されて
後、流出口１０ｂから容器１０外に流出する。FIG. 9 shows a conventional apparatus. In the figure, the liquid flowing into the container 10 from the inflow port 10 a is connected to the first mesh electrode 15 a of the electrode cassette 15 and the container 10.
When a voltage is applied between the electrodes, the impurity particles in the liquid are electrostatically agglomerated and become larger, and those larger than the mesh of the first mesh electrode 15a are filtered by the first mesh electrode 15a. The adsorbent 3 such as activated clay, zeolite, or activated carbon stored in the cassette 15 is reached. Since the adsorbent 3 is surrounded by the first and second mesh electrodes 15a and 15b, its surface potential rises to the voltage applied to the first mesh electrode 15a and dramatically increases the electrostatic adsorption force. To electrostatically adsorb the impurity particles in the liquid. In addition, the impurity particles which have passed through the adsorbent 3 and become electrostatically agglomerated accumulate on the outer periphery of the coarse filter 4, are cake-filtered, and then flow out of the outlet 10 b to the outside of the container 10. I do.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の装置は上記のよ
うに構成され、吸着剤３として、活性白土，ゼオライ
ト，活性炭が用いられている。これらは、その表面に多
数の穴を有しており、この穴に不純物粒子が強く接触し
た場合のみ、不純物粒子をその穴に取り込み、吸着除去
する。このため、液体の流速によって、殆どの不純物粒
子は吸着剤３の表面に強く接触せず、そのまま素通りし
て吸着除去されない課題があった。また、素通りした不
純物粒子は、それぞれ個々にばらばらの状態であり、こ
れらの不純物粒子を凝集させ、大きな塊にする能力がな
い課題があった。さらに、これら従来の吸着剤３を用い
て凝集能力を持たせようとすると、吸着剤３自体を、例
えば、０．１μ以下の極微粒子とし、この極微粒子の相
互間隙に液体を流し、液体中の不純物粒子の相互間距離
を極めて狭くして、不純物粒子を凝集させる以外に方法
がない。しかしながら、吸着剤３自体を極微粒子とする
と、この極微粒子の相互間隙が極めて小さくなり、吸着
剤３自体において直ぐに目詰まりを起こし、到底使用し
得ない課題があった。さらにまた、活性白土等を用いた
プリコートフイルタが市販されているが、浄化しようと
する液体中には、微粒子と共に油が混入しているのが一
般的である。活性白土等自体、油を吸収するため、ベタ
ベタした状態になり、液体中に均一に分散せず、プリコ
ートが良好に行われず、また、ベタベタした活性白土等
がフイルタの目内に入り込み、フイルタの目詰まりを起
こし、使用し得ない。即ち、液体中の微粒子と油との両
方を、同時に浄化できない課題があった。さらにまた、
吸着剤３として、水酸化マグネシュウムを用いて、油分
並びに界面活性剤を水酸化マグネシュウムに吸着除去さ
せる方法が提案されていた。しかしながら、市販されて
いる水酸化マグネシュウムは、３０μの針葉状繊維であ
り、これを吸着剤３として用いると、水酸化マグネシュ
ウムの相互間隙が非常に狭く、直ぐに目詰まりを起こ
し、到底使用し得ない課題があった。また、水酸化マグ
ネシュウムは、自重の１／２の重量の油分，界面活性剤
を吸収除去するが、直ぐに飽和するため、頻繁に水酸化
マグネシュウムを交換する必要があり、到底、吸着剤３
として使用し得ない課題があった。The conventional apparatus is constructed as described above, and uses activated clay, zeolite and activated carbon as the adsorbent 3. These have a large number of holes on the surface, and only when the impurity particles come into strong contact with the holes, the impurity particles are taken into the holes and adsorbed and removed. For this reason, there is a problem that most of the impurity particles do not come into strong contact with the surface of the adsorbent 3 due to the flow velocity of the liquid, and are not directly absorbed and removed. In addition, the impurity particles that have passed through are in a state of being individually separated from each other, and there is a problem that there is no ability to aggregate these impurity particles into a large lump. Further, when the conventional adsorbent 3 is to be provided with an aggregating ability, the adsorbent 3 itself is made into, for example, ultrafine particles of 0.1 μm or less, and a liquid is caused to flow through a gap between the ultrafine particles, so that the There is no method other than to make the distance between the impurity particles extremely small and to aggregate the impurity particles. However, when the adsorbent 3 itself is made of ultrafine particles, the gap between the ultrafine particles becomes extremely small, and the adsorbent 3 itself is immediately clogged, and there is a problem that the adsorbent 3 cannot be used at all. Further, a precoat filter using activated clay or the like is commercially available, but generally, oil is mixed with fine particles in a liquid to be purified. Activated clay itself absorbs oil, so it becomes sticky, does not disperse evenly in the liquid, pre-coating is not performed well, and sticky activated clay etc. gets into the eyes of the filter, Clogged and unusable. That is, there was a problem that it was not possible to simultaneously purify both the fine particles and the oil in the liquid. Furthermore,
A method has been proposed in which magnesium hydroxide is used as the adsorbent 3 to adsorb and remove the oil component and the surfactant from the magnesium hydroxide. However, commercially available magnesium hydroxide is a needle-like fiber having a size of 30 μm. When this fiber is used as the adsorbent 3, the gap between the magnesium hydroxides is very narrow, and the magnesium hydroxide is immediately clogged and cannot be used at all. There were challenges. Magnesium hydroxide absorbs and removes an oil component and a surfactant having a weight of one-half its own weight, but immediately saturates. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently replace magnesium hydroxide.
There was a problem that could not be used.
【０００４】この発明は上記のような従来のものの課題
を解消するためになされたもので、吸着剤として、マグ
ネシュウムの結晶状繊維を集合して構成した顆粒状体、
もしくは粉末状体を用いて、液体をこの吸着剤の相互間
隙中に通過させ、液体中の微粒子、油等の不純物粒子の
相互間距離を、それぞれの不純物粒子が相互に凝集する
距離まで近づけ、不純物粒子の相互を凝集させて大きな
塊とする。不純物が微粒子の場合、大きな塊となった不
純物粒子は、不純物粒子個々に対して十分目の粗い濾過
層で瀘過する。一方、不純物が油の場合、油は大きな塊
となっても、ポンプに押されて細長く変形し、目の粗い
濾過層を通過するため、この通過後、比重差で大きな塊
の油を浮上させ、回収するようにした液体濾過装置を提
供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and comprises a granule formed by assembling crystalline magnesium fibers as an adsorbent.
Alternatively, using a powdery material, the liquid is passed through the gap between the adsorbents, and the distance between the fine particles in the liquid and the impurity particles such as oil is reduced to a distance at which the respective impurity particles aggregate with each other, The impurity particles are aggregated to form a large mass. When the impurities are fine particles, the large impurity particles are filtered through a sufficiently coarse filter layer for each impurity particle. On the other hand, if the impurities are oil, even if the oil becomes a large lump, it will be pushed and elongated by the pump, and will pass through the coarse filtration layer. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid filtration device adapted to collect.
【０００５】[0005]
【請求項１】の発明は、第一の濾過層と第二の濾過層間
に設置され、マグネシュウムの結晶状繊維を集合して構
成した顆粒状体、もしくは粉末状体からなる吸着剤を備
え、液体を前記第一の濾過層を介して前記吸着剤の相互
間隙中を通過させ、液体中の不純物粒子の相互間距離
を、前記不純物粒子が相互に凝集する距離まで近づけ、
前記不純物粒子相互を凝集させ、大きな塊とした後、前
記不純物粒子個々に対して十分目の粗い前記第二の濾過
層で、瀘過するようにしたものである。The invention of claim 1 is provided with an adsorbent which is provided between a first filtration layer and a second filtration layer, and is composed of a granular material or a powder material formed by assembling magnesium crystalline fibers, The liquid is passed through the inter-gap of the adsorbent through the first filtration layer, the distance between the impurity particles in the liquid is reduced to a distance where the impurity particles are aggregated with each other,
After the impurity particles are aggregated to form a large lump, the individual impurity particles are filtered through the second filter layer, which is sufficiently coarse.
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例】以下この発明の一実施例を図について説明す
る。図１はこの発明の一実施例を示す側断面図である。
図において、第一の濾過層である第一の円筒状体１は、
例えば、ポリプロピレン，プラスチック等の樹脂等から
なり、多孔体もしくは網目状体に形成された第一の筒状
体１ａと、この第一の筒状体１ａに取付けられた、例え
ば合成紙等からなる第一の網目状体もしくは瀘過状体１
ｂとから構成されている。第二の円筒状体２は、第一の
円筒状体１と同軸状に設置され、例えば、ポリプロピレ
ン，プラスチック等の樹脂等からなり、多孔体もしくは
網目状体に形成され、第一の円筒状体１ａより径が小さ
い第二の筒状体２ａと、この第二の筒状体２ａに取付け
られた、例えば合成紙等からなる第二の網目状体もしく
は瀘過状体２ｂとから構成されており、第二の筒状体２
ａの上端部には、例えば板状体からなる盲部２ｃが設け
られている。吸着剤３は、第一の円筒状体１と第二の円
筒状体２間に収納され、例えばマグネシュウムの結晶状
繊維を集合して構成した顆粒状体、もしくは粉末状体か
らなる。第二の濾過層であるフイルタ４は、例えば円筒
状体であり、第二の円筒状体２の中空部に取替え可能に
設置され、かつ、第二の円筒状体２の内周面に接して、
第二の円筒状体２の強度を補強する。円筒電極５は、多
孔体もしくは網目状体からなり、第一の円筒状体１と同
軸状に、第一の円筒状体１を収納するように設置されて
いる。支持材６は、例えば絶縁材から構成され、第一の
円筒状体１，第二の円筒状体２，フイルタ４，円筒電極
５を一体に支持する。押さえ板７は、第一の円筒状体
１，第二の円筒状体２，フイルタ４を一体に支持板６に
押圧支持する。ばね受け８は、フイルタ４の中空軸芯部
に設置され、フイルタ４の中空部の上端開口部を塞ぐ。
はね９は、ばね受け８に設置され、押さえ板７によっ
て、ばね受け８をフイルタ４の上端面に押圧する。容器
１０は、流入口１０ａと流出口１０ｂとを有する容器部
１０ｃと、エアー抜き１０ｄを有する蓋部１０ｅとから
なり、流出口１０ｂには、支持材６を支持する支持板１
０ｆが取り付けられている。ばね１１は、押さえ板７
の、ばね受け部７ｃに設置され、蓋部１１ｅに押圧され
て押さえ板７を押圧する。電極１２は、円筒電極５に接
触して円筒電極５と容器１０間に電圧を印加する。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, a first cylindrical body 1 that is a first filtration layer has:
For example, the first tubular body 1a is formed of a resin such as polypropylene or plastic, and is formed in a porous body or a mesh body, and is made of, for example, synthetic paper attached to the first tubular body 1a. First mesh or filter 1
b. The second cylindrical body 2 is installed coaxially with the first cylindrical body 1 and is made of, for example, a resin such as polypropylene or plastic, and is formed in a porous body or a mesh-like body. It comprises a second tubular body 2a having a smaller diameter than the body 1a, and a second mesh body or a filter-like body 2b made of, for example, synthetic paper attached to the second tubular body 2a. And the second cylindrical body 2
A blind portion 2c made of, for example, a plate-like body is provided at the upper end portion of “a”. The adsorbent 3 is accommodated between the first cylindrical body 1 and the second cylindrical body 2, and is made of, for example, a granular body or a powdery body formed by assembling crystalline magnesium fibers. The filter 4 as the second filtration layer is, for example, a cylindrical body, is installed in a hollow portion of the second cylindrical body 2 so as to be replaceable, and is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the second cylindrical body 2. hand,
The strength of the second cylindrical body 2 is reinforced. The cylindrical electrode 5 is formed of a porous body or a mesh-like body, and is installed coaxially with the first cylindrical body 1 so as to house the first cylindrical body 1. The supporting member 6 is made of, for example, an insulating material, and integrally supports the first cylindrical body 1, the second cylindrical body 2, the filter 4, and the cylindrical electrode 5. The holding plate 7 integrally presses and supports the first cylindrical body 1, the second cylindrical body 2, and the filter 4 on the support plate 6. The spring receiver 8 is provided on the hollow shaft core of the filter 4 and closes the upper end opening of the hollow part of the filter 4.
The spring 9 is installed on the spring receiver 8, and presses the spring receiver 8 against the upper end surface of the filter 4 by the holding plate 7. The container 10 includes a container portion 10c having an inlet 10a and an outlet 10b, and a lid 10e having an air vent 10d. The support plate 1 for supporting the support material 6 is provided at the outlet 10b.
0f is attached. The spring 11 holds the holding plate 7
And is pressed by the lid 11e to press the holding plate 7. The electrode 12 contacts the cylindrical electrode 5 and applies a voltage between the cylindrical electrode 5 and the container 10.
【０００７】次にこの動作を図２を用いて説明する。図
２はポテンシャル特性曲線を示し、縦軸に反発力Ｐ１と
引力Ｐ２を、横軸に不純物粒子Ａ，Ｂの粒子間距離Ｌを
取っている。液体中に不純物粒子Ａ，Ｂが混入すると、
不純物粒子Ａ，Ｂの周囲の液体分子自体が持つ電位と、
不純物粒子Ａ，Ｂ自体が持つ電位との電位差により、不
純物粒子Ａ，Ｂの周囲にゼーター電位が発生する。金属
以外の不純物粒子は−電位を持ち、−電位同志のゼータ
ー電位により反発し、距離Ｌ１において反発力Ｐ１が０
となり、安定している。この状態において、何等かの力
が加わり、不純物粒子Ａ，Ｂ間の距離を近づけると、図
２の特性曲線ｉの如く反発力Ｐ１が増大するが、距離Ｌ
２以下に近づくと、引力Ｐ２が働いて凝集を起す。液体
が油の場合には、高電圧ＤＣ４５０Ｖを印加するため、
油分子も不純物粒子Ａ，Ｂも、ＤＣ４５０Ｖとなり、ゼ
ーター電位は打ち消されて、図２の特性曲線ｉｉｉの如
く直ぐに凝集を起す。液体が水系の場合、通電電流値が
１０ｍＡを越すと酸素ガスが、２３ｍＡを越すと水素ガ
スが発生するため、例えば、低電圧ＤＣ２Ｖしか印加で
きない。ＤＣ２Ｖでは、アース電位と大差がないため、
図２の特性曲線ｉｉの如く凝集は発生しない。何の様な
条件下においても凝集を発生させるためには、不純物粒
子Ａ，Ｂ間の距離Ｌを、特殊な吸着剤３の作用により、
距離Ｌ２以下にすれば、電圧の印加なくして凝集を起さ
せることができる。Next, this operation will be described with reference to FIG. Figure 2 shows the potential property curve, the repulsive force P 1 and the attraction P 2 on the vertical axis, taking impurity particles A, the inter-particle distance L B on the horizontal axis. When the impurity particles A and B are mixed in the liquid,
The potential of the liquid molecules around the impurity particles A and B,
A zeta potential is generated around the impurity particles A and B due to a potential difference from the potentials of the impurity particles A and B themselves. The impurity particles other than the metal have a negative potential and are repelled by the zeta potential of the negative potential, and the repulsive force P 1 is 0 at the distance L 1 .
It is stable. In this state, joined by some kind of force, the impurity particles A, the closer the distance between B, and repulsive force P 1 as curve i in FIG. 2 is increased, the distance L
It approaches to 2 or less, cause the aggregation working attractive force P 2. When the liquid is oil, to apply high voltage DC450V,
Both the oil molecules and the impurity particles A and B have a DC voltage of 450 V, the zeta potential is cancelled, and aggregation occurs immediately as shown by the characteristic curve iii in FIG. When the liquid is water-based, oxygen gas is generated when the energizing current value exceeds 10 mA, and hydrogen gas is generated when the energizing current value exceeds 23 mA. Therefore, for example, only low voltage DC2V can be applied. At DC2V, there is no big difference from earth potential.
Aggregation does not occur as shown by the characteristic curve ii in FIG. In order to cause agglomeration under any conditions, the distance L between the impurity particles A and B is adjusted by the action of the special adsorbent 3.
If the distance L 2 or less, it is possible to cause agglomeration without application of voltage.
【０００８】図１の実施例の吸着剤３は、この条件を満
たす特殊な吸着剤で、マグネシュウムの結晶状繊維を集
合して構成した顆粒状体、もしくは粉末状体からなり、
液体を、吸着剤３の相互間隙中に通過させ、不純物粒子
Ａ，Ｂの相互間距離を、不純物粒子Ａ，Ｂ相互が凝集す
る距離まで、不純物粒子Ａ，Ｂの相互間距離を近づけ
る。即ち、不純物粒子Ａ，Ｂの距離を、図２に示す距離
Ｌ２以下に近づけることにより、不純物粒子Ａ，Ｂ相互
を凝集させ、数百個の大きな塊にした後、不純物粒子
Ａ，Ｂ個々に対して、十分目の粗いフイルタ４で濾過す
る。従って、吸着剤３は、これまでの活性白土，ゼオラ
イト，活性炭，マグネシュウムの結晶状繊維単体等と
は、全く異なった現象を起こす特殊なものである。The adsorbent 3 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a special adsorbent satisfying the above conditions, and is composed of a granular material or a powdery material formed by assembling crystalline magnesium fibers.
The liquid is passed through the gap between the adsorbents 3 so that the distance between the impurity particles A and B is reduced to a distance at which the impurity particles A and B aggregate. That is, the impurity particles A, the distance B, by approximating the following distance L 2 shown in FIG. 2, the impurity particles A, to aggregate B cross, after the big lumps hundreds of impurities particles A, B each Is filtered through a sufficiently coarse filter 4. Therefore, the adsorbent 3 is a special substance which causes a completely different phenomenon from the conventional activated clay, zeolite, activated carbon, and magnesium fiber alone.
【０００９】即ち、これまでの活性白土，ゼオライト，
活性炭等の吸着剤は、その表面に多数の穴を有してお
り、この穴に不純物粒子が強く接触した場合のみ、不純
物粒子をその穴に取り込み、吸着除去しょうとするもの
である。このため、液体の流速によって、殆どの不純物
粒子は吸着剤の表面に強く接触せず、そのまま素通りし
て吸着除去されない。また、素通りした不純物粒子は、
個々にばらばらの状態であり、凝集作用は全く起こさな
い。また、マグネシュウムの結晶状繊維単体を吸着剤と
して用いた場合、結晶状繊維単体自体は３０μ程度であ
るため、その相互間隙が非常に狭く、直ぐに目詰まりを
起こし、到底、吸着剤として使用し得ない。さらに、マ
グネシュウムの結晶状繊維単体は、液体中に混入した油
分を、自重の１／２、吸収除去する性質を有している。
しかしながら、直ぐに飽和状態になるため、頻繁にマグ
ネシュウムの結晶状繊維単体を取替える必要があり、到
底、吸着剤として使用し得ない。That is, activated clay, zeolite,
An adsorbent such as activated carbon has a large number of holes on its surface, and only when the impurity particles come into contact with the holes strongly, the impurity particles are taken into the holes to be adsorbed and removed. For this reason, most of the impurity particles do not come into strong contact with the surface of the adsorbent due to the flow rate of the liquid, and are not adsorbed and removed as they are. Also, the impurity particles that passed through
It is in a discrete state and does not cause any agglutination. When magnesium crystalline fiber alone is used as an adsorbent, since the crystalline fiber itself is about 30μ, the gap between them is very narrow, causing immediate clogging, and it can be used as an adsorbent at all. Absent. Further, the magnesium crystalline fiber alone has a property of absorbing and removing an oil component mixed in the liquid by の of its own weight.
However, since it becomes saturated immediately, it is necessary to frequently replace the crystalline magnesium fiber alone, and it cannot be used as an adsorbent at all.
【００１０】一方、本願のマグネシュウムの結晶状繊維
を集合して構成した顆粒状体、もしくは粉末状体からな
る吸着剤３では、その粒径は２５０μ程度となり、３０
μ程度の相互間隙が無数に形成される。このため、吸着
剤３において微粒子が目詰まりすることは殆ど無く、か
つ、吸着剤３の相互間隙を、液体が通過する際に、液体
中の微粒子、エマルジョン化した油が凝集するため、従
来の課題は総て解消される。なお、本願の吸着剤３であ
っても、その自重の１／２の油を吸収し除去し、飽和
後、油を凝集して押出す特性を有している。On the other hand, in the case of the adsorbent 3 composed of a granular material or a powdery material constituted by assembling magnesium crystalline fibers of the present invention, the particle size is about 250 μm,
Infinite gaps of about μ are formed. Therefore, the fine particles hardly clog the adsorbent 3, and when the liquid passes through the gap between the adsorbents 3, the fine particles in the liquid and the emulsified oil coagulate. All issues will be resolved. Note that the adsorbent 3 of the present application also has the property of absorbing and removing half of the oil of its own weight and, after saturation, agglomerating and extruding the oil.
【００１１】マグネシュウムを主成分とする吸着剤３の
製法の一例は、琉酸マグネシュウムと水酸化マグネシュ
ウムを、特殊りん酸塩の存在下で反応させ、水熱反応に
よって繊維状結晶を生成する。この様にして構成された
吸着剤３は、３０μ程度の繊維が絡み合って２５０μ程
度の毛玉状となり、その表面は、１０μ〜１５μの繊維
が無数に突出した状態となっている。従って、第一の円
筒状体１と第二の円筒状体２間に収納された無数の吸着
剤３は、５０μ程度の無数の相互間隙を構成し、この相
互間隙に１０μ〜１５μの繊維が無数に突出した状態と
なっている。この吸着剤３の相互間隙を、液体が通過す
ると、液体中の不純物微粒子Ａ，Ｂ、並びにエマルジョ
ン化して液体中に混入した１μ程度の油は、吸着剤３自
体が有する吸引力、並びに、吸着剤３の表面に突出した
１０μ〜１５μの繊維にからまり、相互間距離が図２に
示す距離Ｌ２以下となって凝集し、大きな塊となる。な
お、液体に混入した油は、上述の如く吸着剤３に、吸着
剤３の自重の１／２が、当初は吸収除去されるが、その
吸収が飽和すると、上記凝集作用を行い、油を大きな塊
にして押し出す。また、吸着剤３の成分は、重量％にお
いて、例えば、塩基性硫酸マグネシウム＞９４％、水酸
化マグネシウム＜６％、硫酸マグネシウム＜０．５％で
あり、塩基性硫酸マグネシウム：８５％〜９８％、水酸
化マグネシウム：１％〜１０％、硫酸マグネシウム：
０．１％〜１％が適当である。One example of a method for producing the adsorbent 3 containing magnesium as a main component is to react magnesium luteate and magnesium hydroxide in the presence of a special phosphate to produce fibrous crystals by a hydrothermal reaction. The adsorbent 3 thus configured has a pilling shape of about 250 μ in which fibers of about 30 μ are entangled, and the surface thereof is in a state where fibers of 10 μ to 15 μ project innumerably. Therefore, the innumerable adsorbents 3 housed between the first cylindrical body 1 and the second cylindrical body 2 form an innumerable inter-gap of about 50 μ, and 10 μ to 15 μ fibers are present in the inter-gap. It is in a state protruding countlessly. When the liquid passes through the gap between the adsorbents 3, the impurity fine particles A and B in the liquid and the oil of about 1 μm which has been emulsified and mixed into the liquid are absorbed by the adsorbent 3 itself and adsorbed. The fibers are entangled with the fibers of 10 μ to 15 μ protruding from the surface of the agent 3, and the distance between them becomes less than the distance L 2 shown in FIG. The oil mixed into the liquid is initially absorbed and removed by the adsorbent 3 by the adsorbent 3 as described above, but when the absorption is saturated, the above-mentioned coagulation action is performed and the oil is removed. Extrude into large chunks. The components of the adsorbent 3 are, for example, in terms of% by weight, basic magnesium sulfate> 94%, magnesium hydroxide <6%, magnesium sulfate <0.5%, and basic magnesium sulfate: 85% to 98%. , Magnesium hydroxide: 1% to 10%, magnesium sulfate:
0.1% to 1% is appropriate.
【００１２】図１の実施例において、流入口１０ａから
容器１０内に流入した液体は、円筒電極５，第一の円筒
状体１を介して吸着剤３に至る。液体が吸着剤３を通過
する際、液体中の微粒子、油等の不純物粒子は、特殊な
吸着剤３の作用により、それぞれの相互間距離が、図２
に示す距離Ｌ２以下に近づき凝集し、数百個の大きな塊
になる。この大きな塊になった不純物粒子は、不純物が
微粒子の場合、不純物粒子の個々に対して十分に目の粗
いフイルタ４の外周表面に滞積しケーク瀘過される。一
方、不純物粒子が油の場合、大きな塊になっても細長く
変形し、フイルタ４を液体と共に通過する。この様に、
フイルタ４で微粒子が濾過された液体は、大きな塊とな
った油と共に、流出口１０ｂから容器１０外に流出し、
液体タンクに戻る。液体タンタに戻った油は、比重差に
より、液面に浮上し回収される。また、吸着剤３及びフ
イルタ４の交換は、支持材６と押さえ板７と共に、容器
１０外に取出し、第一の円筒状体１と第二の円筒状体２
と共に廃棄処分する。さらに、吸着剤３は、３０μ程度
の繊維が絡み合って２５０μ程度の毛玉状となり、その
表面は、１０μ〜１５μの繊維が無数に突出した状態と
なっている。このため、吸着剤３が液体により濡れ、か
つ、圧力が加わると、吸着剤３相互間に形成された５０
μ程度の間隙に、無数に突出した１０μ〜１５μの繊維
は押し潰され、吸着剤３の相互間隙が狭くなり、吸着剤
３全体としての体積が減少し目減りする。この体積の目
減りにより、吸着剤３の上部に空洞ができ液体が吸着剤
３を通過しない場合が発生する。このため、盲部２ｃを
設け、例え吸着剤３が目減りして、その上部に形成され
た空洞部を液体が流れても、盲部２ｃによって液体は直
接フイルタ４に至らず、液体が吸着剤３を素通りするの
を防止している。さらにまた、吸着剤３の目減り対策と
して、例えば、ポリプロピレン，コルク，活性炭等、吸
着剤３と比重が近い顆粒状体を混入すれば目減りは改善
される。この混入体積比率は、吸着剤：混入物＝１〜
０．５：５が望ましい。さらに、ポリプロピレンを混入
する場合には、吸着剤３と熱融着させることにより、吸
着剤３の目減りを防止することができる。この場合に
は、盲部２ｃを省略することができる。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the liquid flowing into the container 10 from the inlet 10a reaches the adsorbent 3 through the cylindrical electrode 5 and the first cylindrical body 1. When the liquid passes through the adsorbent 3, the fine particles in the liquid, the impurity particles such as oil, and the like, have a distance between each other due to the action of the special adsorbent 3.
Aggregate close to the distance L 2 less shown in, the large lumps hundreds of. When the impurity particles are fine particles, the large agglomerated impurity particles accumulate on the outer peripheral surface of the filter 4 which is sufficiently coarse for each of the impurity particles, and are cake-filtered. On the other hand, when the impurity particles are oil, even if they become a large mass, they are elongated and deformed, and pass through the filter 4 together with the liquid. Like this
The liquid from which the fine particles are filtered by the filter 4 flows out of the container 10 from the outlet 10b together with the oil that has become a large lump,
Return to the liquid tank. The oil returned to the liquid tantalum floats on the liquid surface due to the difference in specific gravity and is collected. In addition, the replacement of the adsorbent 3 and the filter 4 is performed by taking out the first cylindrical body 1 and the second cylindrical body 2 together with the support member 6 and the holding plate 7 out of the container 10.
Dispose of with. Further, the adsorbent 3 has a fiber ball shape of about 250 μ in which fibers of about 30 μ are intertwined, and the surface thereof is in a state in which fibers of 10 μ to 15 μ protrude innumerably. For this reason, when the adsorbent 3 is wetted by the liquid and pressure is applied, 50
Infinitely protruding fibers having a size of 10-15 μm are crushed in the gap of about μ, the mutual gap between the adsorbents 3 is reduced, and the volume of the adsorbent 3 as a whole is reduced and reduced. Due to this reduction in volume, a case occurs where a cavity is formed above the adsorbent 3 and the liquid does not pass through the adsorbent 3. For this reason, the blind portion 2c is provided, and even if the adsorbent 3 is reduced and the liquid flows through the cavity formed on the blind portion 2c, the liquid does not directly reach the filter 4 due to the blind portion 2c and the liquid is adsorbed. 3 is prevented from passing through. Furthermore, as a countermeasure against loss of the adsorbent 3, if the granular material having a specific gravity close to that of the adsorbent 3, such as polypropylene, cork, and activated carbon, is mixed, the loss can be improved. The mixing volume ratio is as follows: adsorbent: contaminant = 1 to 1
0.5: 5 is desirable. Further, when polypropylene is mixed, the adsorbent 3 can be prevented from being reduced by heat fusion with the adsorbent 3. In this case, the blind part 2c can be omitted.
【００１３】図３は、この発明の他の実施例を示す。即
ち、図１の実施例では、円筒電極５を設けて、容器１０
と円筒電極５間に電圧を印加して、吸着剤３の凝集作用
を助けたが、図３の実施例では、円筒電極５を省略し、
電圧の印加をせず、吸着剤３の作用のみで液体中の不純
物粒子を凝集させるようにしたものである。FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
And a voltage was applied between the cylindrical electrode 5 and assisted the cohesive action of the adsorbent 3, but in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the cylindrical electrode 5 was omitted,
No voltage is applied, and the impurity particles in the liquid are agglomerated only by the action of the adsorbent 3.
【００１４】図４は、この発明のさらに他の実施例を示
す。即ち、図４の実施例のものは、支持材６と押さえ材
１３とによって、第一，第二の円筒状体１，２と吸着剤
３とを一体にカセット化し、吸着剤３の交換をより簡略
化したものである。FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. That is, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the first and second cylindrical bodies 1 and 2 and the adsorbent 3 are integrated into a cassette by the support member 6 and the pressing member 13, and the exchange of the adsorbent 3 is performed. It is a more simplified one.
【００１５】図５は、この発明のさらに他の実施例を示
す。図５において、第三の円筒状体１４は、エキスパン
ドメタル等の多孔体もしくは網目状体からなり、第二の
円筒状体２の内周面に接して設置され、第二の円筒状体
２の強度を補強するものである。即ち、図１，図３，図
４の各実施例では、第二の円筒状体２の内周面に接して
フイルタ４を設けることにより、第二の円筒状体２の強
度を補強したが、図５の実施例では、第三の円筒状体１
４で第二の円筒状体２の強度を補強したものである。な
お、フイルタ４は第三の円筒状体１４内に取替え可能に
収納されている。FIG. 5 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the third cylindrical body 14 is made of a porous body such as expanded metal or a mesh-like body, and is installed in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the second cylindrical body 2. Is to reinforce the strength. That is, in each of the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the strength of the second cylindrical body 2 is reinforced by providing the filter 4 in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the second cylindrical body 2. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the third cylindrical body 1
4, the strength of the second cylindrical body 2 is reinforced. Note that the filter 4 is housed in the third cylindrical body 14 in a replaceable manner.
【００１６】図６はこの発明の更に他の実施例を示す。
図６の実施例は、吸着剤３とフイルタ４とを一体にカセ
ット化したものであり、第二の円筒状体２を省略してい
る。この場合、吸着剤３の体積減少に伴う目減り対策と
して、フイルタ４の上端部に、例えば、上端から２ｃｍ
〜１０ｃｍ程度にわたって、例えば、ポリプロピレン等
のテープを巻き、液体が吸着剤３を通過せずに、フイル
タ４に至るのを防止する。FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the adsorbent 3 and the filter 4 are integrated into a cassette, and the second cylindrical body 2 is omitted. In this case, as a countermeasure against loss due to a decrease in the volume of the adsorbent 3, the upper end of the filter 4 is, for example, 2 cm from the upper end.
A tape of, for example, polypropylene or the like is wound over about 10 cm to prevent the liquid from reaching the filter 4 without passing through the adsorbent 3.
【００１７】図７はこの発明の更に他の実施例を示す。
図７の実施例は、吸着剤３とフイルタ４と円筒電極５と
を一体にカセット化したものである。この場合において
も、図６の実施例と同様に、吸着剤３の目減り対策を取
ることができる。FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the adsorbent 3, the filter 4, and the cylindrical electrode 5 are integrally made into a cassette. Also in this case, similarly to the embodiment of FIG. 6, a measure for reducing the amount of the adsorbent 3 can be taken.
【００１８】図８は、図６の実施例を用いた廃液の浄化
例を示す。縦軸に目盛０〜１０、横軸に浄化時間を取っ
ており、被浄化液として、鉄の研削に使用する工作機の
クーラント液、松村石油製：Ｍクール、容量：１５０
ｌ、浄化循環流量：５０ｌ／ｍｉｎで行った。なお、縦
軸の目盛０〜１０の見方は次の通りである。 テスト結果 ａ，微粒子は除去され、エマルジョン化した油は凝集し
て浮上分離した。 ｂ，濃度の測定は、混入油分が多く、１時間後迄、測定
不可能であったが、２時間後から、油が分離除去された
ため、濃度の測定が可能となり、濃度は新液状態となっ
た。 ｃ，総菌数も減少し、臭気も無くなった。FIG. 8 shows an example of purifying waste liquid using the embodiment of FIG. The vertical axis indicates the scale of 0 to 10, and the horizontal axis indicates the purification time. The liquid to be purified is a coolant for a machine tool used for iron grinding, Matsumura Sekiyu: M Cool, capacity: 150
1, purification circulation flow rate: 50 l / min. In addition, how to read the scales 0 to 10 on the vertical axis is as follows. Test Results a, Fine particles were removed, and the emulsified oil was flocculated and separated by flotation. b. In the measurement of the concentration, the amount of mixed oil was large, and it was not possible to measure until 1 hour. However, after 2 hours, the oil was separated and removed, so that the concentration could be measured. became. c, The total number of bacteria was reduced and the odor was eliminated.
【００１９】なお、吸着剤３としては、何の様な製法で
あってよい。The adsorbent 3 may be manufactured by any method.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上のように、As described above,
【請求項１】の発明によれば、吸着剤として、マグネシ
ュウムの結晶状繊維を集合して構成した顆粒状体、もし
くは粉末状体を用い、液体をこの吸着剤の相互間隙中に
通過させ、液体中の微粒子、油等の不純物粒子の相互間
距離を、それぞれの不純物粒子が相互に凝集する距離ま
で近づけ、不純物粒子の相互を凝集させて大きな塊と
し、不純物が微粒子の場合、大きな塊となった不純物粒
子は、不純物粒子個々に対して十分目の粗い濾過層で瀘
過する。一方、不純物が油の場合、油は大きな塊となっ
ても、ポンプに押されて細長く変形し、目の粗い濾過層
を通過するため、この通過後、比重差で大きな塊の油を
浮上させ、回収する様に構成しているため、液中に混入
している超微粒子、並びに、エマルジョン化して混入し
ている油分除去の大流量処理が可能となり、かつ、超微
粒子個々に対して数百倍の目の粗い濾過層で超微粒子の
除去ができ、濾過層の目詰まりが極めて少ない効果を有
する。According to the first aspect of the present invention, as an adsorbent, a granular material or a powdery material formed by assembling crystalline magnesium fibers is used, and a liquid is passed through the gap between the adsorbents. The distance between the fine particles in the liquid and the impurity particles such as oil is brought close to the distance at which the respective impurity particles aggregate, and the impurity particles are aggregated into a large lump. The resulting impurity particles are filtered through a sufficiently coarse filter layer for each impurity particle. On the other hand, if the impurities are oil, even if the oil becomes a large lump, it will be pushed and elongated by the pump, and will pass through the coarse filtration layer. , It is possible to remove ultra-fine particles mixed in the liquid and oil which has been emulsified and mixed, and to process several hundreds of ultra-fine particles individually. Ultra-fine particles can be removed by the twice coarser filtration layer, and clogging of the filtration layer is extremely reduced.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図１】この発明に係る液体濾過装置の一実施例を示す
側面断面図である。FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing one embodiment of a liquid filtration device according to the present invention.
【図２】図１の動作説明図であるポテンシャルエネルギ
ー特性図である。FIG. 2 is a potential energy characteristic diagram illustrating the operation of FIG.
【図３】この発明に係る液体濾過装置の他の実施例を示
す側面断面図である。FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the liquid filtration device according to the present invention.
【図４】この発明に係る液体濾過装置のさらに他の実施
例を示す側面断面図である。FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing still another embodiment of the liquid filtration device according to the present invention.
【図５】この発明に係る液体濾過装置のさらに他の実施
例を示す側面断面図である。FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing still another embodiment of the liquid filtration device according to the present invention.
【図６】この発明に係る液体濾過装置に用いられるカセ
ットの他の実施例を示す側面断面図である。FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the cassette used in the liquid filtering device according to the present invention.
【図７】この発明に係る液体濾過装置に用いられるカセ
ットのさらに他の実施例を示す側面断面図である。FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing still another embodiment of the cassette used in the liquid filtering device according to the present invention.
【図８】図６の実施例の液体濾過装置を用いた廃液の浄
化例を示す浄化特性曲線図である。8 is a purification characteristic curve diagram showing an example of purification of waste liquid using the liquid filtration device of the embodiment of FIG.
【図９】従来の液体濾過装置を示す側面断面図である。FIG. 9 is a side sectional view showing a conventional liquid filtering device.
１ ：第一の円筒状体 １ａ：第一の筒状体 １ｂ：第一の網目状体もしくは瀘過状体 ２ ：第二の円筒状体 ２ａ：第二の筒状体 ２ｂ：第二の網目状体もしくは瀘過状体 ３ ：吸着剤 ４ ：フイルタ １０ ：容器 1: 1st cylindrical body 1a: 1st cylindrical body 1b: 1st mesh-like body or filter-like body 2: 2nd cylindrical body 2a: 2nd cylindrical body 2b: 2nd Reticulated or filtered 3: adsorbent 4: filter 10: container
Claims (1)
れ、マグネシュウムの結晶状繊維を集合して構成した顆
粒状体、もしくは粉末状態からなる吸着剤を備え、液体を、前記第一の濾過層を介して前記吸着剤の相互間
隙中を通過させ、液体中の不純物粒子の相互間距離を、
前記不純物粒子が相互に凝集する距離まで近づけ、前記
不純物粒子相互を凝集させ、大きな塊とした後、前記不
純物粒子個々に対して十分目の粗い前記第二の濾過層で
瀘過するようにしたことを特徴とする液体濾過装置。1. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first filter layer and the second filter layer are provided between the first filter layer and the second filter layer.
Condyles composed of crystalline magnesium fibers
A particulate material, or an adsorbent in a powder state , wherein a liquid is passed between the adsorbents through the first filtration layer.
Through the gap, the distance between the impurity particles in the liquid,
Approaching the distance that the impurity particles aggregate with each other,
After the impurity particles are aggregated to form a large lump,
A liquid filtration apparatus characterized in that each of the pure particles is filtered through the second filter layer, which is sufficiently coarse .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5057660A JP2640901B2 (en) | 1993-02-05 | 1993-02-05 | Liquid filtration device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5057660A JP2640901B2 (en) | 1993-02-05 | 1993-02-05 | Liquid filtration device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06226017A JPH06226017A (en) | 1994-08-16 |
| JP2640901B2 true JP2640901B2 (en) | 1997-08-13 |
Family
ID=13062060
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5057660A Expired - Lifetime JP2640901B2 (en) | 1993-02-05 | 1993-02-05 | Liquid filtration device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2640901B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4114091B2 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2008-07-09 | 公彦 岡上 | Liquid purification device |
| CN102046535B (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2013-11-20 | 宇部材料工业株式会社 | Basic magnesium sulfate granule and process for production thereof |
| CN102989593A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-03-27 | 安徽朝阳车链有限公司 | Deoiler |
| JP6038744B2 (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2016-12-07 | 三菱電機ビルテクノサービス株式会社 | Fine particle capturing material, fine particle removing apparatus, and method for producing fine particle capturing material |
| JP6273526B1 (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2018-02-07 | 岡上 公彦 | Liquid purification device |
| CN114669552A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-06-28 | 广州科欣测控技术开发有限公司 | Rotary flushing equipment for cleaning semiconductor material |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6138611A (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-02-24 | Showa Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Filtering method by precoating filter aid subjected to flocculation treatment |
| JPS63176512U (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-11-16 | ||
| JPS645617U (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-01-12 | ||
| JPH0714479B2 (en) * | 1987-09-22 | 1995-02-22 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | ▲ Ro ▼ Super-auxiliary agent and method for producing the same |
| JPH0427528U (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1992-03-04 |
-
1993
- 1993-02-05 JP JP5057660A patent/JP2640901B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06226017A (en) | 1994-08-16 |
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