JP2623523B2 - Liquid crystal composition - Google Patents
Liquid crystal compositionInfo
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- JP2623523B2 JP2623523B2 JP60239022A JP23902285A JP2623523B2 JP 2623523 B2 JP2623523 B2 JP 2623523B2 JP 60239022 A JP60239022 A JP 60239022A JP 23902285 A JP23902285 A JP 23902285A JP 2623523 B2 JP2623523 B2 JP 2623523B2
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- liquid crystal
- general formula
- crystal composition
- crystal compound
- group
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ この発明は、ドットマトリックス用液晶組成物に係
り、特に、コントラストが高く、かつ低電圧駆動に適し
た液晶組成物に関する。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition for a dot matrix, and more particularly to a liquid crystal composition having a high contrast and suitable for driving at a low voltage.
［従来技術］ 液晶装置は、ワードプロセッサー、コンピュータの端
末機器、計算機等事務機器の表示装置への応用が進めら
れている。この種の機器に用いられているドットマトリ
ックス型の表示装置は、機器の小型化および低消費電力
化を達成するために、液晶表示を低い電圧で駆動するこ
と（すなわち、液晶素子に用いられる液晶組成物の閾値
が低いこと）、および表示コントラストが高いことが要
求される。[Related Art] Liquid crystal devices are being applied to display devices of office equipment such as word processors, computer terminal equipment, and computers. A dot matrix type display device used in this type of device drives a liquid crystal display at a low voltage in order to achieve miniaturization and low power consumption of the device (ie, a liquid crystal device used for a liquid crystal element). Low threshold of the composition) and high display contrast.
ところで、従来、NT型液晶装置に使用されている液晶
組成物としては、小型機器用のものではあるが、置換シ
クロヘキサン環と置換ベンゼン環もしくは置換シクロヘ
キサン環とがエステル結合によって結合されたタイプの
液晶化合物を主成分とし、これにｐ型（誘電異方性Δε
＞０）の液晶化合物を配合したものがある。By the way, a liquid crystal composition conventionally used in an NT-type liquid crystal device is a liquid crystal composition for a small device, but a liquid crystal of a type in which a substituted cyclohexane ring and a substituted benzene ring or a substituted cyclohexane ring are bonded by an ester bond. A compound as a main component and a p-type (dielectric anisotropy Δε
> 0) is compounded.
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］ しかしながら、上記従来の液晶組成物では、その液晶
組成物を用いた液晶素子の閾値電圧が、スタテイック駆
動で測定した場合1.5Vよりも大きい。それ故、この液晶
組成物を用いたドットマトリックス型の表示装置を、充
分なコントラストが得られるように時分割駆動させるた
めには、かなり高い駆動電圧が必要となる。その結果、
駆動用LSIの価格がそれに応じて上昇し、また消費電力
も増大するという欠点がある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above conventional liquid crystal composition, the threshold voltage of a liquid crystal element using the liquid crystal composition is higher than 1.5 V when measured by static driving. Therefore, in order to drive a dot matrix type display device using this liquid crystal composition in a time-division manner so as to obtain a sufficient contrast, a considerably high driving voltage is required. as a result,
There is a drawback that the price of the driving LSI increases accordingly and the power consumption also increases.
したがって、この発明の目的はコントラストが高く、
かつ低電圧駆動が可能なドットマトリックス用液晶組成
物を提供することにある。Therefore, the object of the present invention is high contrast,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition for a dot matrix that can be driven at a low voltage.
［問題点を解決するための手段］ 上記問題点を解決するために、この発明では、弾性定
数比K33/K11が小さく、かつ誘電異方性（Δε）が正の
液晶化合物のうち、（Ｉ）Δεが正に大きい少なくとも
１種の特定の液晶化合物、（II）Ｎ−１点が高い少くと
も１種の特定の液晶化合物とを配合している。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, among the liquid crystal compounds having a small elastic constant ratio K 33 / K 11 and a positive dielectric anisotropy (Δε), (I) At least one specific liquid crystal compound having a positive Δε and (II) at least one specific liquid crystal compound having a high N-1 point are blended.
具体的には、この発明の液晶化合物は、 （１）一般式 （ここで、R1は、炭素数２〜６の直鎖アルキル基）、 （ここで、R2は、炭素数２〜８の直鎖アルキル基）、 （ここで、R3は、炭素数２〜８の直鎖アルキル基）、 で示される液晶化合物のうち、一般式（ａ）で示される
少なくとも１種の液晶化合物と、一般式（ｂ），（ｃ）
で示される液晶化合物の中から選ばれた少なくとも１種
の液晶化合物とからなる第１の液晶材料を全体の60乃至
90重量％と、 一般式 （ここで、R4はｎ−プロピル基、R5はｎ−ブチル基、ま
たはｎ−ペンチル基） で示される液晶化合物よりなる群の中から選ばれた少な
くとも一般式（ｄ）で示される液晶化合物の１種を含む
第２の液晶材料を全体の10乃至30重量％とを含むことを
特徴とするものである。Specifically, the liquid crystal compound of the present invention has the following general formula (1) (Where R 1 is a linear alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms), (Where R 2 is a linear alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms), (Where R 3 is a straight-chain alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms) Among the liquid crystal compounds represented by the following formulas, at least one liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (a); (C)
The first liquid crystal material comprising at least one liquid crystal compound selected from the liquid crystal compounds represented by
90% by weight, general formula (Where R 4 is an n-propyl group, R 5 is an n-butyl group or an n-pentyl group). A liquid crystal represented by at least the general formula (d) selected from the group consisting of liquid crystal compounds represented by the following formulas: A second liquid crystal material containing one kind of the compound is contained in an amount of 10 to 30% by weight of the whole.
液晶素子の閾値電圧は、液晶のΔεの大きさに依存す
る。また、液晶素子のコントラストは、液晶の光透過率
が90％になる電圧をＶ90％とし、光透過率が10％になる
電圧をＶ10％とするとＶ90％/V10％によって定義される
γ特性に依存するものであり、エム・シャット（M.Scha
dt）等の報告（Z.Naturforsch.,37a,165（1982）および
プロシーディングス・オプ・ザ・エス・アイ・ディー
（Proceedings of the SID）23（１）,29（1982））に
よれば、液晶の光透過率が50になる電圧をＶ50％とする
と（Ｖ50％−Ｖ90％）Ｖ90％で定義される値Ｐが最小値
を示すときに、時分割特性が最も高くなり、かつ急峻な
γ特性が得られ、コントラストが良くなる。この場合、
Ｐは式 （ここで、Δｎ＝ｎ″−ｎ⊥：屈折率異方性、 K33:曲がり弾性定数 K11:スプレイ弾性定数、 d:μｍで表した液晶層の厚さ） で近似的に表され、K33/K11＜１および右辺第３項が０
のとき、Ｐは最小値を示す。ここで、可視光線のほぼ中
心の波長500nmをλとすれば、 Δｎ・ｄ（μｍ）＝１ のときにＰは最小となり、γ特性が最も急峻となるので
ある。The threshold voltage of the liquid crystal element depends on the magnitude of Δε of the liquid crystal. The contrast of the liquid crystal element, the voltage of liquid crystal light transmittance is 90% and 90% V, the light transmittance is defined by a voltage which is 10% when the 10% V V 90% / V 10% Depends on the γ characteristics, and M. Scha
dt) et al. (Z. Naturforsch., 37a, 165 (1982) and Proceedings of the SID 23 (1), 29 (1982)). when the liquid crystal light transmittance and the voltage to be 50 V 50% of (V 50% -V 90%) the value P defined by V 90% is the minimum value, multiplexability is highest, In addition, a sharp γ characteristic is obtained, and the contrast is improved. in this case,
P is the formula (Where Δn = n ″ −n⊥ : refractive index anisotropy, K 33 : bending elastic constant K 11 : splay elastic constant, d: thickness of the liquid crystal layer expressed in μm) K 33 / K 11 <1 and the third term on the right side is 0
In the case of, P indicates the minimum value. Here, assuming that λ is the wavelength of approximately 500 nm at the center of the visible light, P becomes the minimum when Δn · d (μm) = 1, and the γ characteristic becomes the steepest.
このような観点から、本発明者は、コントラストが高
く低電圧駆動を可能とする液晶組成物を得るべく弾性定
数比K33/K11が小さく、かつΔεが正に大きくなるよう
な液晶化合物の組み合わせを検討し、この発明を完成す
るに至った。From such a viewpoint, the present inventor has proposed a liquid crystal compound in which the elastic constant ratio K 33 / K 11 is small and Δε is positively large in order to obtain a liquid crystal composition capable of high contrast and low voltage driving. The combination was studied, and the present invention was completed.
この発明の液晶組成物に用いられる第１の液晶材料
は、誘電異方性Δεが正に大きい（例えば、＋10〜＋3
0）Np液晶であって、液晶組成物の閾値電圧を低くする
ものであり、以下の特定の液晶化合物群の中から選ばれ
る少なくとも１種である。すなわち、 一般式 （ここで、R1は、炭素数２〜８の直鎖アルキル基）、 （ここで、R2は、炭素数２〜６の直鎖アルキル基）、 （ここで、R3は、炭素数２〜８の直鎖アルキル基）、 で示される液晶化合物である。この第１の液晶材料は、
相異なる式で示される液晶化合物を２種以上含むことが
好ましく、特に式（ａ）で示される少なくとも１種の液
晶化合物を含んでいることが好ましい。さらに、第１の
液晶材料は、式（ａ）および（ｂ）で示される液晶化合
物をそれぞれ１種以上含んでいることが殊に好ましい。The first liquid crystal material used in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a positively large dielectric anisotropy Δε (for example, +10 to +3).
0) Np liquid crystal, which lowers the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal composition, and is at least one selected from the following specific liquid crystal compound group. That is, the general formula (Where R 1 is a linear alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms), (Where R 2 is a linear alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms), (Where R 3 is a straight-chain alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms). This first liquid crystal material is
It is preferable to include two or more liquid crystal compounds represented by different formulas, and it is particularly preferable to include at least one liquid crystal compound represented by formula (a). Further, it is particularly preferable that the first liquid crystal material contains at least one liquid crystal compound represented by the formulas (a) and (b).
第２の液晶材料は、Ｎ−１点が高い（例えば、160℃
ないし310℃）高温液晶であり、液晶組成物全体のＮ−
１点を高くし、液晶相を示す温度範囲を広くするもので
あり、以下の特定の液晶化合物の中から選ばれる少なく
とも１種である。すなわち、 一般式 （ここで、R4はｎ−プロピル基、R5はｎ−ブチル基、ま
たはｎ−ペンチル基） で示される液晶化合物よりなる群な中から選ばれた少な
くとも１種の液晶化合物である。The second liquid crystal material has a high N-1 point (for example, 160 ° C.
To 310 ° C.) high-temperature liquid crystal, and N-
It is intended to increase one point and widen the temperature range showing the liquid crystal phase, and is at least one selected from the following specific liquid crystal compounds. That is, the general formula (Where R 4 is an n-propyl group and R 5 is an n-butyl group or an n-pentyl group) at least one liquid crystal compound selected from the group consisting of:
この発明の液晶材料は、上記第１の液晶材料および第
２の液晶材料の配合によって充分に低い粘度（例えば、
25℃で20ないし40cp）を達成することが望ましい。The liquid crystal material of the present invention has a sufficiently low viscosity (for example, by mixing the first liquid crystal material and the second liquid crystal material).
It is desirable to achieve 20 to 40 cp at 25 ° C.
さて、この発明の液晶材料は、低電圧駆動が可能であ
るために、Δεが大きいNp液晶（第１の液晶材料）を多
く含んでいることが好ましく、第１の液晶材料はこれを
60乃至90重量％の割合で配合する。特に、式（ａ）と
（ｂ）で示される液晶化合物は合計で30乃至80重量％の
割合で配合することが好ましい。また、第２の液晶材料
は、これを10乃至30重量％の割合で配合することが好ま
しい。Now, the liquid crystal material of the present invention preferably contains a large amount of Np liquid crystal (first liquid crystal material) having a large Δε in order to be able to be driven at a low voltage.
It is blended in a proportion of 60 to 90% by weight. In particular, it is preferable that the liquid crystal compounds represented by the formulas (a) and (b) be blended at a total ratio of 30 to 80% by weight. The second liquid crystal material is preferably blended in a proportion of 10 to 30% by weight.
このように各液晶材料を配合することにより、この発
明の液晶組成物は低電圧駆動が可能になるとともに、弾
性定数比K33/K11が小さくなるので前記パラメータＰが
小さくなり、高いコントラストが得られる。By blending each liquid crystal material in this way, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be driven at a low voltage, and the elastic constant ratio K 33 / K 11 becomes small, so that the parameter P becomes small, and high contrast is obtained. can get.
以下の表Ａに、上記配合割合を満足した上で、液晶化
合物（ａ）〜（ｂ）の好ましい配合割合をまとめて示
す。Table A below summarizes the preferable mixing ratios of the liquid crystal compounds (a) and (b) after satisfying the above mixing ratios.
［実施例］ 実施例１および２ 以下の表Ｂに示す液晶化合物を同表に示す割合で配合
し、液晶組成物を調製した。各液晶組成物をセルに封入
し、第１図に示す測定系により電気光学特性を25℃で測
定した。第１図において、セル２（厚さ９μｍ）を光源
１と検出器３との間に軸に対して角度φ（＝10゜）の傾
で配設した。セルのラビング角度は２β＝90゜であり、
偏向板の吸収軸の貼付角度は２α＝80゜であった（第２
図参照。同図において、４は上基板のラビング方向、５
は下基板のラビング方向、６は下側偏向板の吸収軸、７
は上側偏向板の吸収軸を示す）。結果を表Ｂに併記す
る。 [Examples] Examples 1 and 2 Liquid crystal compounds shown in Table B below were blended in the proportions shown in the same table to prepare liquid crystal compositions. Each liquid crystal composition was sealed in a cell, and the electro-optical characteristics were measured at 25 ° C. by the measurement system shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, a cell 2 (thickness: 9 μm) is disposed between a light source 1 and a detector 3 at an angle φ (= 10 °) with respect to an axis. The rubbing angle of the cell is 2β = 90 °,
The sticking angle of the absorption axis of the deflection plate was 2α = 80 ° (second
See figure. In the figure, reference numeral 4 denotes the rubbing direction of the upper substrate,
Is the rubbing direction of the lower substrate, 6 is the absorption axis of the lower deflection plate, 7
Indicates the absorption axis of the upper deflection plate). The results are shown in Table B.
尚、実施例１の液晶組成物の閾値電圧Ｖ90％は約1.08
Vであり、また実施例２の液晶組成物の閾値電圧は約1.0
4Vであり、それぞれ低電圧で駆動できることが分った。
他の実施例の液晶組成物も閾値電圧Ｖ90％＜1.5Vであっ
た。これらの測定はスタティック駆動によるものである
が、実施例１および２の液晶組成物とも1/32デューティ
駆動で6V以下の電圧で駆動できた。またその時のコント
ラストは1:4以上であり、ドットマトリックス表示とし
ては高い値を示した。The threshold voltage V 90% of the liquid crystal composition of Example 1 was about 1.08
V, and the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal composition of Example 2 was about 1.0.
It was 4V, and it was found that each could be driven at a low voltage.
The liquid crystal compositions of other examples also had a threshold voltage V 90% <1.5 V. These measurements were based on static driving, but both of the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 1 and 2 could be driven at a voltage of 6 V or less with 1/32 duty driving. At that time, the contrast was 1: 4 or more, indicating a high value as a dot matrix display.
［発明の効果］ 以上述べたように、この発明の液晶組成物は低電圧で
駆動することができるとともに高いコントラストが得ら
れる。従って、この発明の液晶組成物はドットマトリッ
クス型表示素子に用いて最適である。 [Effects of the Invention] As described above, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be driven at a low voltage and can obtain high contrast. Therefore, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is most suitable for use in a dot matrix type display device.
第１図は、この発明の液晶組成物の電気光学的特性を測
定するために用いた測定系を示す図、第２図は第１図の
測定系に用いたセルを説明するための図。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a measurement system used for measuring the electro-optical characteristics of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a cell used in the measurement system of FIG.
Claims (4)
少なくとも１種の液晶化合物と、一般式（ｂ），（ｃ）
で示される液晶化合物の中から選ばれた少なくとも１種
の液晶化合物とからなる第１の液晶材料を全体の60乃至
90重量％と、 一般式 （ここで、R4はｎ−プロピル基、R5はｎ−ブチル基、ま
たはｎ−ペンチル基） で示される液晶化合物よりなる群の中から選ばれた少な
くとも一般式（ｄ）で示される液晶化合物の１種を含む
第２の液晶材料を全体の10乃至30重量％とを含むことを
特徴とする液晶組成物。(1) General formula (Where R 1 is a linear alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms), (Where R 2 is a linear alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms), (Where R 3 is a straight-chain alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms) Among the liquid crystal compounds represented by the following formulas, at least one liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (a); (C)
The first liquid crystal material comprising at least one liquid crystal compound selected from the liquid crystal compounds represented by
90% by weight, general formula (Where R 4 is an n-propyl group, R 5 is an n-butyl group or an n-pentyl group). A liquid crystal represented by at least the general formula (d) selected from the group consisting of liquid crystal compounds represented by the following formulas: A liquid crystal composition comprising 10 to 30% by weight of a second liquid crystal material containing one kind of the compound.
至45重量％の割合で配合されている特許請求の範囲第１
項記載の液晶組成物。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (a) is compounded at a ratio of 10 to 45% by weight.
Item.
液晶化合物および一般式（ｂ）で示される液晶化合物を
それぞれ少なくとも一種含む特許請求の範囲第１項記載
の液晶組成物。3. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the first liquid crystal material contains at least one liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (a) and at least one liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (b).
一般式（ｂ）で示される液晶化合物が合計で30乃至80重
量％の割合で配合されている特許請求の範囲第３項記載
の液晶組成物。4. The liquid crystal compound according to claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (a) and the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (b) are mixed in a ratio of 30 to 80% by weight in total. Liquid crystal composition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60239022A JP2623523B2 (en) | 1985-10-25 | 1985-10-25 | Liquid crystal composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60239022A JP2623523B2 (en) | 1985-10-25 | 1985-10-25 | Liquid crystal composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62100580A JPS62100580A (en) | 1987-05-11 |
| JP2623523B2 true JP2623523B2 (en) | 1997-06-25 |
Family
ID=17038720
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60239022A Expired - Lifetime JP2623523B2 (en) | 1985-10-25 | 1985-10-25 | Liquid crystal composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2623523B2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57190071A (en) * | 1981-05-18 | 1982-11-22 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal display |
| JPS5865781A (en) * | 1981-09-10 | 1983-04-19 | Nec Corp | Liquid crystal substance and liquid crystal display element |
| JPS58204081A (en) * | 1982-05-21 | 1983-11-28 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquid crystal composition |
| JPS59149975A (en) * | 1983-02-15 | 1984-08-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Liquid crystal composition |
| JPS59213787A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1984-12-03 | Seiko Epson Corp | Nematic liquid crystal composition |
| JPH0699683B2 (en) * | 1984-05-17 | 1994-12-07 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Nematic liquid crystal composition |
| JPS61291A (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1986-01-06 | Canon Inc | Liquid crystal composition |
| JPS6121186A (en) * | 1984-07-09 | 1986-01-29 | Seiko Epson Corp | Nematic liquid crystal composition |
| JPS6143695A (en) * | 1984-08-07 | 1986-03-03 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal composition |
| US4737312A (en) * | 1984-10-17 | 1988-04-12 | Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Liquid crystal composition |
| JPS61176685A (en) * | 1985-02-01 | 1986-08-08 | Sharp Corp | Liquid crystal composition |
| JPH0579715A (en) * | 1991-09-20 | 1993-03-30 | Hitachi Ltd | Helium refining device |
| JPH0629426A (en) * | 1992-07-08 | 1994-02-04 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Insulating board for circuit and fabrication thereof |
-
1985
- 1985-10-25 JP JP60239022A patent/JP2623523B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62100580A (en) | 1987-05-11 |
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