JP2620713B2 - Threshing machine receiving net - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明はコンバインやハーベスタ等に搭載される脱穀
機の扱室受網に関するものである。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reception room for a threshing machine mounted on a combine or a harvester.

従来の技術及び解決すべき課題 脱穀機の扱室受網として、従来、第６図に示すように
一般に所定線径（約2mm）の鋼線を格子状に編込んだク
リンプ網ａが使用されている。このクリンプ網ａは乾燥
した稲や麦などの材料（乾材）の場合は目詰まりを起す
ことはあまりなく穀粒の漏下率が良好で穂切粒や枝梗付
着粒等の単粒化されていない未処理粒の発生も比較的少
ない等良い性能を発揮するが、水分が多く且つ泥が付着
し易い濡れ材や倒伏材（刈取直前に風雨にさらされると
穀稈が倒伏し易い）或は未熟材等の場合は鋼線の編目に
枝梗や泥等が入込んで目詰まりを起し易く、一旦受網に
目詰まりが起きると単粒化処理能力が低下し３番飛散等
による穀粒損失が多くなるばかりでなく受網からの穀粒
の漏下が減少して脱穀能率を低下させる原因となる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a crimping network a in which steel wires having a predetermined wire diameter (about 2 mm) are generally braided into a lattice as shown in FIG. ing. This crimped net a does not cause clogging in the case of dry material such as dried rice or wheat (dry wood), has a good rate of grain leakage, and has a single grain such as ear-cutting grain or branch-stick-attached grain. Good performance, such as relatively low generation of unprocessed grains, but high moisture content and easy adhesion of mud to wet materials and lodging materials (when exposed to wind and rain immediately before cutting, grain culms tend to fall) Or, in the case of unripe materials, etc., it is easy for clogging to occur due to entry of branch veins or mud into the stitches of the steel wire. Not only increases the grain loss, but also reduces the leakage of grains from the receiving net, causing a decrease in threshing efficiency.

また、受網に目詰まりが生ずると扱室内の未処理物量
が多くなって扱室負荷が増大してもともと各作業部中一
番多い扱室の消費動力が一層多くなって機械の破損をき
たすこともある。近時の農作業は兼業農家による人手不
足と相俟って休日等を利用して集中的に行うことが多
く、稲等の収穫作業も多少の雨や朝露で濡れた状態でも
作業を強行する傾向が強く、そのため濡れ材適応性の高
い受網の開発が望まれているのが実情である。In addition, if the receiving net is clogged, the amount of unprocessed material in the handling room increases and the handling room load increases, so that the power consumption of the handling room, which is the largest among the working units, further increases, and the machine is damaged. Sometimes. In recent years, due to lack of labor by part-time farmers, farming is often performed intensively on holidays, and rice harvesting tends to be carried out even when wet with some rain or morning dew. Therefore, the development of a receiving net with high wettability adaptability is desired.

課題を解決するための手段 そこで本発明は、扱歯の回転軌跡に近接対向させて扱
胴の外周に断面星形のローラを複数個適間隔を存して回
転自在に軸支し、前記各ローラを機体の伝動系に着脱自
在に連動連結し強制駆動のローラからなる受網を形成す
ると共に、該受網を前記伝動系から切離した状態で着脱
可能に構成したことにより上記の問題点を解消しようと
するものである。Means for Solving the Problems In view of the above, the present invention provides a plurality of rollers each having a cross section of a star shape and rotatably supported at an appropriate interval on the outer periphery of the handling cylinder in close proximity to the rotation trajectory of the handling teeth. The above problem is solved by forming the receiving net consisting of the force-driven rollers by detachably connecting the rollers to the transmission system of the machine and detachably connecting the receiving net to the transmission system. It is something to try to eliminate.

作用 受網を構成する星形のローラが強制的に回転させられ
るので、枝梗や屑・泥等がローラ間の目合いに詰まろう
としても扱室外に素早く漏下するため詰まり易い濡れ材
等でも目詰まりを起すのが未然に防止されると共に、屑
等が扱室内を無用に持回られるのが解消されるため脱穀
負荷が極力軽減される。また、扱室内を滞動している穂
切れや枝梗付着粒等の未処理粒は扱胴とローラの周速差
により脱粒効果が高められるので単粒化が一層促進され
る。Action The star-shaped rollers that make up the receiving net are forcibly rotated, so that even if branch spikes, debris, mud, etc. try to clog in the gap between the rollers, they will quickly leak out of the handling room, so that wetting materials that are easily clogged However, clogging is prevented beforehand, and the threshing load is reduced as much as possible because scraps and the like are prevented from being unnecessarily carried around in the handling room. In addition, untreated particles such as spikes and spike sticking particles that are stagnating in the handling room are improved in the shedding effect due to the difference in peripheral speed between the handling cylinder and the roller, so that single particles are further promoted.

実施例 本発明の構成を図面に示された一実施例により説明す
れば、１は穀稈供給側の前側板２と穀稈排出側の後側板
３間に形成された上扱式脱穀機の扱室で、扱室１内には
外周に扱歯４を植設した扱胴５が回転自在に軸架されて
いる。５′は扱胴軸、６は扱室受網、７はフイードチェ
ンである。８はフイードチェン７の下方に位置し扱室１
の終端部一側から脱穀機Ａの機体後端にかけ扱胴５と平
行して回転自在に軸架された処理胴で、始端側の送塵口
ｂ対応部分が螺旋体8aで構成され、またその後続部分外
周面には被処理物に対し打撃作用と送り作用を与えるべ
くソリッド歯8bが多数固設された構造となっている。
９′は処理胴軸、９は処理室、10は処理室受網、11は扱
室１及び処理室９の下方に配設した選別部Ｂの揺動選別
体である。前記扱動軸５′と処理胴軸９′は伝動ケース
12及び角軸13aと該角軸13aに摺動自在に嵌合された角パ
イプ13bからなる自在継手軸13を介して転動連結されて
いる。14はエンジンＥからの伝動系で、扱胴５と処理胴
８は前記伝動系14により連動して駆動されるようになっ
ている。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a handle-type threshing machine formed between a front side plate 2 on a grain culm supply side and a rear side plate 3 on a grain culm discharge side. In the handling room, a handling cylinder 5 having teeth 4 implanted on its outer periphery is rotatably mounted in the handling room 1. 5 'is a handling cylinder shaft, 6 is a handling room receiving net, and 7 is a feed chain. Numeral 8 is located below the feed chain 7 and
A processing cylinder which is rotatably mounted in parallel with the handling cylinder 5 from one end of the threshing machine A to the rear end of the threshing machine A, and a portion corresponding to the dust outlet b at the starting end is constituted by a spiral body 8a, and thereafter, A large number of solid teeth 8b are fixedly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the continuation portion so as to provide a striking action and a feeding action to the workpiece.
9 'is a processing cylinder shaft, 9 is a processing room, 10 is a processing room receiving net, and 11 is a swinging sorting body of a sorting unit B disposed below the handling room 1 and the processing room 9. The driving shaft 5 'and the processing cylinder shaft 9' are a transmission case.
The rolling connection is made via a universal joint shaft 13 composed of a square pipe 13b slidably fitted to the square shaft 13a and the square shaft 13a. Reference numeral 14 denotes a transmission system from the engine E, and the handling cylinder 5 and the processing cylinder 8 are driven in conjunction with each other by the transmission system 14.

ところで、前記扱室受網６は強制的に回転する複数の
ローラにより構成したもので、その具体的構成は次のよ
うになっている。即ち、各ローラ15は、例えば合成樹脂
により外周に突条15aを放射状に突設して断面星形の棒
状に形成されていて、正面視において弓形状に枠組され
た鉄製の受網枠体16に対し、扱歯４の回転軌跡に近接対
向させて扱胴５の外方で且つ扱胴軸５′に平行して適間
隔を存して回転自在に軸支されている。図示例では棒状
ローラ15の配置を受網枠体16の両端側に１個ずつ配置
し、その間に２個ずつ対の棒状ローラを近接させ、これ
ら２個ずつ対のローラ同士の間に漏下口ｈを形成した構
造となっているが、全部のローラ15を一対ずつの組ロー
ラに、又は相互に離反させた独立ローラとしてもよい。By the way, the handling room receiving network 6 is constituted by a plurality of rollers which are forcibly rotated, and the specific configuration thereof is as follows. That is, each roller 15 is formed in a bar shape having a star-shaped cross section by projecting ridges 15a radially on the outer periphery by, for example, a synthetic resin, and is formed of an iron receiving net frame 16 framed in a bow shape in a front view. On the other hand, it is rotatably supported at a suitable interval outside the handling cylinder 5 and in parallel with the handling cylinder shaft 5 'so as to be close to and opposed to the rotation locus of the handling teeth 4. In the illustrated example, the rod-shaped rollers 15 are disposed one by one on both ends of the receiving net frame 16, two pairs of rod-shaped rollers are brought close to each other between them, and a leakage between these two pairs of rollers is performed. Although the mouth h is formed, all the rollers 15 may be paired rollers or independent rollers separated from each other.

Ｓはローラ15に直交状態で扱室受網６の内周面側に位
置して枠体16a,16b間に架設された線材で、該線材はロ
ーラ16の突条15aに対し長手方向所定間隔ｗ毎に設けた
円周方向の溝15b内に入込ませてあり、棒状のローラ15
と線材Ｓにより区画形成された空間部が扱室受網６の目
合い17となっている。上記扱室受網６は後述のロック用
フック等を外すことにより脱穀機Ａに対し着脱自在に構
成されている。尚、線材Ｓはローラ15の溝15b内に完全
に没入させた方が処理物に対する抵抗が大きくなって脱
粒・単粒化作用が一層良好に行われる。また線材Ｓは処
理作用に変化をもたせるべく波形状に形成してもよい。S is a wire that is orthogonal to the roller 15 and is located between the frame bodies 16a and 16b at the inner peripheral surface side of the handling room receiving net 6 and is spaced from the ridge 15a of the roller 16 by a predetermined distance in the longitudinal direction. w is inserted into the circumferential groove 15b provided for each
The space defined by the wire and the wire S is a mesh 17 of the handling room receiving net 6. The handling room receiving network 6 is detachably attached to the threshing machine A by removing a locking hook or the like described later. When the wire S is completely immersed in the groove 15b of the roller 15, the resistance to the processed material is increased, and the action of degranulation and singulation is performed more favorably. Further, the wire S may be formed in a wave shape so as to change the processing operation.

さて、前記各ローラ15は機体の伝動系に着脱自在に連
動連結されていて各ローラ15は強制的に回転駆動される
ように構成されている。即ち、前記対のローラ15の夫々
一側突出軸（図示例では脱穀入口側の突出軸）15′の内
側に大歯車18を、外側に小歯車19を夫々固着し、対のロ
ーラ15の大歯車18同士を噛合させ、小歯車19を中間歯車
19aを介在させて隣接する対のローラ15の小歯車19に噛
合させて各ローラ相互を連動構成すると共に、ローラ15
の駆動力を前記処理胴軸９′を貫装したギアボックス20
を介して処理胴軸９′から導入したもので、処理胴軸
９′のトルクはギアボックス20に装備のウオームホイー
ルとウオーム歯車からなる減速歯車21、傘歯車22、中間
歯車23,23aを経由して扱ロイ側のローラ15の他側突出軸
15′ａに固着した入力歯車24に伝達された後、前記歯車
群18,19,19aの噛合回転により、対のローラ15,15の回転
方向が互いに逆で夫々漏下口ｈ側で下向き（第２図及び
第５図における矢印図示の漏下方向）に強制駆動される
ようになっている。尚、前記歯車群18,19,19aは断面コ
字形状に形成された枠体16cに、また入力歯車24は同じ
くコ字形状の枠体16dに夫々内装されており、枠体16c,1
6dが前記各歯車18,19,19a,24を収納保護するギアケース
となるばかりでなく受網６全体の増強作用をも果たして
いる。Each of the rollers 15 is detachably connected to a transmission system of the machine so that each roller 15 is forcibly driven to rotate. That is, a large gear 18 is fixed inside a protruding shaft (a protruding shaft on the threshing inlet side in the illustrated example) 15 'of each of the pair of rollers 15, and a small gear 19 is fixed outside thereof. The gears 18 mesh with each other and the small gear 19 is an intermediate gear
By interlocking the small gear 19 of the adjacent pair of rollers 15 with the intermediary of the rollers 15
Gearbox 20 having the driving force of
The torque of the processing cylinder shaft 9 ′ is transmitted through a reduction gear 21, a bevel gear 22, an intermediate gear 23, 23 a comprising a worm wheel and a worm gear mounted on the gear box 20. The other protruding shaft of the roller 15 on the roy side
After being transmitted to the input gear 24 fixed to the 15'a, the rotation direction of the pair of rollers 15,15 is opposite to each other due to the meshing rotation of the gear groups 18,19,19a, and each of the rollers 15,15 faces downward at the leakage opening h side ( It is forcibly driven in the direction of the arrow shown in FIGS. 2 and 5). The gear groups 18, 19 and 19a are provided in a frame 16c having a U-shaped cross section, and the input gear 24 is provided in a U-shaped frame 16d.
6d not only serves as a gear case for housing and protecting each of the gears 18, 19, 19a, 24, but also plays a role of enhancing the entire receiving net 6.

さて、前記キアボックス20は支軸25を中心にして処理
胴８と一体的に側方に開閉する処理胴外部ケース26に支
持されており、前記処理胴外部ケース26を開けば、ギア
ボックス20が処理胴８と一体的に外方に回動変位して中
間歯車23aが扱室受網６側の入力歯車24から離反し各ロ
ーラ15と機体の伝動系14の連結状態が解除され、処理胴
外部ケース26を閉じると前記中間歯車23aが入力歯車24
にワンタッチでドッキングするようになっている。The carrier box 20 is supported by a processing cylinder outer case 26 which opens and closes sideways integrally with the processing cylinder 8 about the support shaft 25. When the processing cylinder outer case 26 is opened, the gear box 20 is opened. The intermediate gear 23a is separated from the input gear 24 on the handling room receiving network 6 side integrally with the processing drum 8 to be displaced outwardly, and the connection state between the rollers 15 and the transmission system 14 of the machine is released. When the outer case 26 is closed, the intermediate gear 23a
Docking with one touch.

27,28は処理胴外部ケース26のロック用フックで、該
フック27,28を機体側に突設のピン29,30に係止して処理
胴外部ケース26を閉状態にロックし、また受網固定用フ
ック31を扱室受網６と一体のピン32に係止して扱室受網
６を支持金具33,34間に固定すると共にギアボックス20
に枢着したフック35を受網枠体16に付設のピン36に係止
して受網６を脱穀機Ａに確実にロックし得るようになっ
ている。Reference numerals 27 and 28 denote hooks for locking the processing drum outer case 26. The hooks 27 and 28 are locked to pins 29 and 30 projecting from the machine body side to lock the processing drum outer case 26 in a closed state. The mesh fixing hook 31 is locked to a pin 32 integral with the handling room receiving net 6 to fix the handling room receiving net 6 between the supporting brackets 33 and 34, and the gear box 20 is provided.
A hook 35 pivotally connected to the hook is locked to a pin 36 attached to the receiving frame 16 so that the receiving net 6 can be securely locked to the threshing machine A.

37は処理室９に隣接してフイードチェン７の始端側下
方に側方に向け開閉自在に装着された穀粒回収板で、こ
の穀粒回収板37はフイードチェン７による穀稈搬送時に
落下するササリ粒や扱口飛散粒を揺動選別体11上に誘導
回収すると共に選別部Ｂ及び自在継手軸13のカバーとも
なっていて、その一側に固着の突子37′を機体に固定の
止金具（図示せず）に係止して閉状態に保持するように
なっている。38はクリンプ網である。Numeral 37 denotes a grain collecting plate which is mounted adjacent to the processing chamber 9 below the starting end of the feed chain 7 so as to be openable and closable laterally. In addition to guiding and collecting the scattered particles and the handling particles on the oscillating sorter 11, it also serves as a cover for the sorter B and the universal joint shaft 13, and has a sticker 37 ′ fixed to one side of the stopper (FIG. (Not shown) so as to be kept closed. 38 is a crimp net.

上記の構成において、エンジンＥの動力は動力伝達系
14を経由して扱胴軸５′に伝達され扱胴５が駆動される
と共に、前記扱胴軸５′から伝動ケース12、自在継手軸
13を経て処理胴軸９′に伝達され処理胴８が駆動され
る。また、処理胴軸９′のトルクはギアボックス20に装
備の減速歯車21で減速された後、傘歯車22,22、中間歯
車23,23aを経由して扱室受網６側の入力歯車24に伝達さ
れ、扱口イ側の棒状ローラ15が駆動されるので、枠体16
c内の歯車群18,19,19aの噛合回転により各ローラ15が第
２図及び第５図における矢印方向に強制的に回動させら
れる。このため、枝梗や屑・泥等が各ローラ15と線材Ｓ
間の目合いに詰まることなく漏下口ｈから下方の選別部
Ｂ側に素早く漏下するので詰まり易い濡れ材でも目詰ま
りを起すのが未然に防止されると共に、屑等が扱室１内
を無用に持回られるのが解消されるため脱穀負荷が極力
軽減されることになり、少動力で大容量の処理ができ、
馬力当たりの脱穀能力を上げることが可能となる。In the above configuration, the motive power of the engine E is a power transmission system.
14 and transmitted to the handle cylinder shaft 5 'to drive the handle cylinder 5, and from the handle cylinder shaft 5' to the transmission case 12, the universal joint shaft.
The rotation of the processing cylinder 8 is transmitted to the processing cylinder shaft 9 ′ via 13. Further, the torque of the processing cylinder shaft 9 'is reduced by the reduction gear 21 provided on the gear box 20, and then, through the bevel gears 22, 22, and the intermediate gears 23, 23a, the input gear 24 on the handling room receiving network 6 side. And the rod-shaped roller 15 on the side of the handle a is driven, so that the frame 16
Each roller 15 is forcibly rotated in the direction of the arrow in FIGS. 2 and 5 by the meshing rotation of the gear groups 18, 19, and 19a in c. For this reason, branch stalks, debris, mud, etc. are contaminated with each roller 15 and the wire S
It quickly leaks from the outlet h to the lower sorting section B side without clogging, so that even a wet material which is easily clogged can be prevented from clogging, and debris and the like can be kept in the handling chamber 1. Throwing load is reduced as much as it is unnecessary to carry around, and large capacity processing can be performed with less power,
Threshing capacity per horsepower can be increased.

更に、扱室１内を滞動している穂切れや枝梗付着粒等
の未処理粒は扱歯４とローラ15の周速差により脱粒効果
が高められるので単粒化処理作用が一層促進される。
尚、扱室１の始端側に歯車群18,19,19aを内装したコ字
状の枠体16cが位置することになるが、この部分は脱粒
作用を殆ど行わない整流歯４′に対応する部分なので脱
粒作用に支障をきたすことはない。In addition, untreated particles such as spikelets and particles attached to branch stumps that are stagnating in the handling chamber 1 can enhance the shedding effect due to the difference in peripheral speed between the handling teeth 4 and the roller 15, so that the single-graining action is further promoted. Is done.
The U-shaped frame 16c containing the gear groups 18, 19, 19a is located at the starting end of the handling chamber 1, and this portion corresponds to the rectifying teeth 4 'which hardly performs the shedding operation. Because it is a part, it does not interfere with the shedding action.

乾燥した稲・麦等を刈取る場合は本発明に係る受網６
を取外し通常のクリンプ網等と交換するが受網６は機体
側の伝動系14から切離した状態で簡単に着脱できるの
で、受網の交換作業を容易に行うことができる。When cutting dry rice, wheat, etc., the receiving net 6 according to the present invention is used.
The receiving network 6 can be easily detached while being detached from the power transmission system 14 on the machine body side, so that the receiving network can be easily replaced.

発明の効果 上記したように、本発明は扱歯の回転軌跡に近接対向
させた扱胴の外周に断面星形のローラを複数個適間隔を
存して回転自在に軸支し、前記各ローラを機体の伝動系
に着脱自在に連動連結して強制駆動のローラからなる受
網を形成すると共に、外受網を前記伝動系から切離した
状態で着脱可能に構成したから、受網を構成するローラ
が強制的に回転させられるので水分の多い濡れ材等でも
受網に目詰まりを起すことがないうえ、ローラの回転に
より脱粒作用が促進されると共に、屑等の持回りが少な
くなるため脱穀負荷を極力軽減でき、しかも材料条件等
に対応して通常のクリンプ網と簡単に交換できる等の効
果を奏する。As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of rollers having a star-shaped cross section are rotatably supported at appropriate intervals on the outer circumference of a handling cylinder which is closely opposed to the rotation trajectory of the tooth handling, and each of the rollers Is connected detachably to the transmission system of the body to form a receiving network consisting of forcedly driven rollers, and the outer receiving network is detachable from the transmission system so as to be detachable, so that the receiving network is formed. The roller is forcibly rotated, so that the wet net with much water does not cause clogging of the receiving net, and the rotation of the roller promotes the threshing action and reduces the rotation of debris, so threshing load Is reduced as much as possible, and it is possible to easily exchange the crimping net with a normal crimping net according to the material conditions.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

図面は本発明に係る脱穀機の受網の一実施例を示すもの
で、第１図は要部の側面図、第２図は要部の正面図、第
３図は受網の平面図、第４図は処理胴外部ケース及び穀
粒回収板の開状態の脱穀機内部構造を示す斜視図、第５
図は要部の作用説明図、第６図は従来の受網を装備した
脱穀機の断面図である。 図中、４……扱歯、５……扱胴、６……受網、14……伝
動系、15……ローラ、Ａ……脱穀機。The drawings show an embodiment of the receiving net of the threshing machine according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a side view of the main part, FIG. 2 is a front view of the main part, FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the threshing machine in an open state of the processing drum outer case and the grain collecting plate, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the operation of the main part, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional threshing machine equipped with a receiving net. In the figure, 4 ... tooth handling, 5 ... handling cylinder, 6 ... receiving net, 14 ... transmission system, 15 ... roller, A ... threshing machine.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項１】扱歯の回転軌跡に近接対向させて扱胴の外
周に断面星形のローラを複数個適間隔を存して回転自在
に軸支し、前記各ローラを機体の伝動系に着脱自在に連
動連結して強制駆動のローラからなる受網を形成すると
共に、該受網を前記伝動系から切離した状態で着脱可能
に構成したことを特徴とする脱穀機の受網。1. A plurality of rollers having a star-shaped cross section are rotatably supported on the outer periphery of a handling cylinder at an appropriate interval so as to be close to and opposed to a rotation locus of a tooth handling, and each of the rollers is connected to a transmission system of a machine body. A receiving net for a threshing machine, characterized in that the receiving net is formed of a force-driven roller by being detachably linked to each other and formed detachably with the receiving net separated from the transmission system.