JP2597259B2 - Method and apparatus for controlling welding angle deformation - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for controlling welding angle deformationInfo
- Publication number
- JP2597259B2 JP2597259B2 JP3359556A JP35955691A JP2597259B2 JP 2597259 B2 JP2597259 B2 JP 2597259B2 JP 3359556 A JP3359556 A JP 3359556A JP 35955691 A JP35955691 A JP 35955691A JP 2597259 B2 JP2597259 B2 JP 2597259B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- welded
- deformation control
- deformation
- angle deformation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、例えば球形タンク、
船舶、橋梁のような大型構造物を構成する多数のパネル
同士を溶接する場合に発生不可避な角変形を抑制するた
めに適用される溶接角変形制御方法およびその方法を実
施するために用いられる溶接角変形制御装置に関するも
のである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spherical tank,
Welding angle control method applied to suppress angular deformation inevitable when welding a large number of panels constituting a large structure such as a ship and a bridge, and welding used to carry out the method The present invention relates to an angular deformation control device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、この種の溶接においては、施工
の合理化および構造物の製作の合理化のために、パネル
などの被溶接部材の表面側からのみ溶接する、いわゆる
片面溶接施工法が採用される。しかし、このような片面
溶接の場合は、表裏両面からのバランス溶接に比べて角
変形が大きくなる。したがって、施工の合理化などに有
効な片面溶接により寸法精度の良い構造物を得ようとす
る場合は、溶接にともなって発生する角変形量をいかに
低減して、それを許容範囲内に制御できるかが技術面で
のキーポイントである。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in this type of welding, a so-called single-sided welding method is employed, in which welding is performed only from the surface side of a member to be welded, such as a panel, in order to rationalize construction and rationalize the production of a structure. You. However, in the case of such single-sided welding, the angular deformation is larger than in the case of balance welding from both the front and back sides. Therefore, when trying to obtain a structure with good dimensional accuracy by single-sided welding that is effective for streamlining construction, how can the amount of angular deformation that occurs with welding be reduced and controlled within an allowable range? Is the key technology point.
【０００３】ところで、従来から知られている溶接角変
形抑制方法には、次のような方法がある。その１つは、
治具拘束法と呼ばれるもので、図１６に示すように、ス
トロングバッグなどの治具２０を使用して被溶接部材２
１そのものの曲げ剛性を増大させることにより、角変形
を拘束しそれを低減する方法である。これは、換言する
と、溶接部に角変形に応じた逆向きの曲げモーメントを
発生させる方法である。この治具拘束法には、ストロン
グバックなどの治具の代わりに、図１７に示すように、
重り２２等を介して外荷重を付与して、被溶接部材２１
の下面に裏当て金２３を置いて拘束する方法もある。ま
た、他の１つは、逆歪法と呼ばれるもので、図１８
（Ａ）に示すように、溶接前に予測される角変形量を見
込み、それに相当する逆歪量θを被溶接部材２１に与え
ておき、溶接後は図１８（Ｂ）に示すように角変形量を
相殺させて状態とする、あるいは、予め曲げ加工を施し
ておき、最終角変形量を低減させる方法である（例え
ば、特開昭５９−５４４６６号公報参照）。また、別の
１つに、上記治具拘束法と逆歪法とを組み合わせた逆歪
拘束法と呼ばれるものがある。この逆歪拘束法は、図１
９に示すように、被溶接部材２１に逆歪を与えた状態
で、その被溶接部材２１を、押さえ用金具２４および逆
歪用受け板２５を備えた治具２６で拘束する方法や治具
の代わりに外荷重を付与する方法である。[0003] By the way, the following methods are known as conventional methods for suppressing welding angle deformation. One of them is
As shown in FIG. 16, a jig 20 such as a strong bag is used to
This is a method of restraining angular deformation and reducing it by increasing the bending stiffness of itself. In other words, this is a method of generating a bending moment in the opposite direction in the welded portion according to the angular deformation. In this jig constraint method, instead of a jig such as a strong back, as shown in FIG.
An external load is applied through a weight 22 or the like to
There is also a method in which a backing metal 23 is placed on the lower surface of the device to restrain it. The other one is called an inverse distortion method, and is shown in FIG.
As shown in (A), the amount of angular deformation predicted before welding is anticipated, the reverse strain θ corresponding thereto is given to the member 21 to be welded, and after welding, the angle is changed as shown in FIG. This is a method of offsetting the deformation amount to obtain a state, or performing a bending process in advance to reduce the final angular deformation amount (see, for example, JP-A-59-54466). As another one, there is a method called an inverse distortion constraint method in which the jig constraint method and the inverse distortion method are combined. This inverse distortion constraint method is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 9, a method and a jig for restraining the member to be welded 21 with a jig 26 provided with a holding metal 24 and a receiving plate 25 for reverse distortion in a state where the member to be welded 21 is reversely strained. Instead of applying an external load.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記した従来の溶接角
変形抑制方法のうち、治具拘束法による場合は、角変形
の低減に大きくて強力な治具を数多く必要とし、その治
具の取り付けや解体に多大な手間がかかり、しかも治具
の拘束解放にともない弾性的に蓄積されたエネルギに相
当する変形、つまりスプリングバックにより、さらに角
変形が発生するという問題がある。また、逆歪法による
場合は、角変形量の予測が困難で、あくまでも経験的に
設定されるものであるから、被溶接部材の形状や材質、
厚さなどの寸法が異なれば、その都度、試行錯誤しなが
ら設定値を変更しなければならず、それでいて、角変形
の抑制効果にもばらつきが出やすく、部材形状によって
は逆歪を与えることが困難な場合もあるという問題があ
る。さらに、治具拘束法と逆歪法との組み合わというに
よる場合は、上記した各方法のもつ問題点の全てを有
し、特に拘束力および逆歪をともに経験的に設定しなけ
ればならないので、角変形の抑制効果のばらつきの度合
が一層大きくなりやすい。Among the conventional welding angle deformation suppressing methods described above, the jig constraint method requires a large number of large and powerful jigs to reduce the angular deformation. In addition, there is a problem that a great deal of labor is required for disassembly and disassembly, and further, a deformation corresponding to the elastically accumulated energy due to the release of the restraint of the jig, that is, a springback, causes further angular deformation. In the case of the inverse strain method, it is difficult to predict the amount of angular deformation and is set empirically, so that the shape and material of the member to be welded,
If the dimensions such as thickness are different, the setting value must be changed by trial and error each time, but the effect of suppressing angular deformation tends to vary, and depending on the shape of the member, reverse distortion may be applied. There is a problem that it may be difficult. Furthermore, in the case of the combination of the jig constraint method and the inverse distortion method, all of the problems of the above-described methods are involved, and particularly, both the constraint force and the inverse distortion must be set empirically. The degree of variation in the effect of suppressing the angular deformation tends to be further increased.
【０００５】以上のような各方法毎の問題点に加えて、
いずれの方法によっても、大型の被溶接部材の溶接など
のように、溶接長さが長い場合、その溶接長の全範囲に
わたって拘束したり、逆歪を与えるために膨大な数の治
具あるいは大きな荷重負荷手段を要し、片面溶接であり
ながらも、結果的に作業性、施工能率が非常に悪くなる
という共通の問題があった。In addition to the above-mentioned problems of each method,
In either case, if the welding length is long, such as when welding large workpieces, a large number of jigs or large There is a common problem that a load applying means is required and workability and construction efficiency are extremely deteriorated as a result, even though the welding is performed on one side.
【０００６】この発明は上記のような諸実情に鑑みてな
されたもので、煩雑な手間や多数の治具、さらには経験
的な予測を要することなく、小さな荷重の負荷で角変形
量を適確に低減することができる溶接角変形制御方法お
よびその装置を提供することを目的としている。The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and it is possible to adjust the amount of angular deformation with a small load without any complicated labor, a large number of jigs, and empirical predictions. It is an object of the present invention to provide a welding angle deformation control method and a welding angle deformation control method that can be surely reduced.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、この発明の請求項１に係る溶接角変形制御方法は、
互いに隣接する端縁部同士を突き合わせて配設された複
数の被溶接部材の表面に沿って溶接装置を所定間隔を存
し連続的もしくは断続的に非加圧状態で移動させ、長尺
の溶接継手部を順次片面溶接しながら角変形制御処置を
行なう溶接角変形制御方法であって、上記角変形制御処
置箇所を上記溶接継手部の移動溶接箇所の近傍の裏面側
のみの局部に設定し、この局部的な角変形制御処置箇所
を上記溶接箇所の移動に同期させて連続的もしくは断続
的に位置変更させることを特徴とするものである。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welding angle deformation control method.
Duplicates arranged with their adjacent edges facing each other
At predetermined intervals the welding device along the surface of the number of weld members
Continuously or intermittently moved in a non-pressurized state, long
A welding angle deformation control method for performing angular deformation control treatment while sequentially welding one side of the weld joint portion of the welding joint portion , wherein the angular deformation control treatment portion is a back side near a moving welding portion of the welding joint portion.
Set of Mino local, the local angular distortion control treatment site is characterized in that to continuously or intermittently repositioned in synchronism with the movement of the welding point.
【０００８】上記角変形制御処置としては、この発明の
請求項２に記載のように、互いに隣接する端縁部同士を
突き合わせて配設された複数の被溶接部材の裏面側のみ
からの荷重負荷あるいは変位負荷により溶接角変形に対
して逆向きのモーメントを付与する方法であっても、あ
るいは、この発明の請求項３に記載のように、上記被溶
接部材の裏面から上記溶接箇所の近傍のみを局部的に加
熱して溶接箇所の板厚方向での温度分布を一様化する方
法であってもよい。[0008] As the angular deformation control treatment, the present invention
As described in claim 2, the adjacent edge portions are connected to each other.
It is a method of imparting a moment in the reverse direction to the butt weld angle deformed by an applied load or displacement load from <br/> only the back surface side of the plurality of weld members disposed, Oh
Alternatively, as set forth in claim 3 of the present invention, only the vicinity of the welding point is locally heated from the back surface of the member to be welded , so that the temperature distribution in the thickness direction of the welding point is made uniform. It may be a method.
【０００９】また、この発明の請求項４に係る溶接角変
形制御装置は、互いに隣接する端縁部同士を突き合わせ
て配設された複数の被溶接部材の表面に沿って所定間隔
を存し連続的もしくは断続的に非加圧状態で移動する溶
接装置と、この溶接装置の現在位置を検出する位置検出
手段による位置情報に基づいて上記被溶接部材の裏面に
沿って連続的もしくは断続的に移動するように位置制御
される走行装置と、この走行装置に装備されて上記溶接
装置による溶接箇所の近傍のみを裏面側から局部的に加
圧する加圧機構とを備え、上記端縁部同士を突き合わせ
た長尺の溶接継手部を順次片面溶接しながら角変形制御
処置を行なうことを特徴とするものである。Further, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welding angle deformation control device for abutting mutually adjacent edges.
At predetermined intervals along the surface of multiple workpieces
A welding device moving continuously or intermittently unpressurized state exist a continuous or along the rear surface of the member to be welded based on the position information by the position detecting means for detecting the current position of the welding device a traveling device which is position control to move intermittently, and a locally pressurizing pressurizing mechanism only near the welding location is equipped by the welding apparatus to the travel device from the back side, the edges Butts
Deformation control while sequentially welding single-sided long welded joints
The treatment is performed.
【００１０】さらに、この発明の請求項５に係る溶接角
変形制御装置は、被溶接部材の表面に沿って移動する溶
接装置と、この溶接装置の現在位置を検出する位置検出
手段による位置情報に基づいて被溶接部材の裏面に沿っ
て連続的もしくは断続的に移動するように位置制御され
る走行装置と、この走行装置に装備されて上記溶接装置
による溶接箇所の近傍のみを裏面側から局部的に加熱す
る加熱機構とを備えたことを特徴とするものである。Further, according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welding angle deformation control apparatus, comprising: a welding device moving along a surface of a member to be welded; and position information by position detecting means for detecting a current position of the welding device. A traveling device that is position-controlled to move continuously or intermittently along the back surface of the member to be welded based on the traveling device; And a heating mechanism for heating the heat.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】この発明の請求項１，２および３によれば、溶
接装置を被溶接部材の表面に沿って連続的もしくは断続
的に移動させることに同期して、その溶接箇所の近傍の
みの局部に設定した角変形制御処置箇所を連続的もしく
は断続的に位置変更させて、溶接点に追随しながら、被
溶接部材の裏面側から角変形に対して逆向きのモーメン
トを局部的に付与するか、もしくは、局部的に加熱する
ことにより、比較的僅かな荷重あるいは変位負荷もしく
は僅かな加熱エネルギによっても、溶接角変形を許容範
囲内に制御することが可能となる。とくに、上記被溶接
部材の裏面側のみから角変形に対して逆向きのモーメン
トもしくは加熱を局部的に付与するために、小さなモー
メントや加熱で所望の角変形防止効果を得ることができ
る。 According to the first, second and third aspects of the present invention, the welding device is continuously or intermittently arranged along the surface of the workpiece.
In synchronization to be moved, the angular deformation control treatment site set in local only near the welded portion continuously or intermittently position is changed, while following the welding point, the rear surface of the member to be welded By applying a local moment in the opposite direction to the angular deformation from the side or by heating locally, the welding angular deformation can be tolerated even with a relatively small load, displacement load, or slight heating energy. Control within the range becomes possible. In particular,
Moment opposite to angular deformation only from the back side of the member
Small mode to apply heat or heating locally
The desired angular deformation prevention effect can be obtained by
You.
【００１２】また、この発明の請求項４および５によれ
ば、溶接装置を被溶接部材の表面に沿って連続的もしく
は断続的に移動させるとき、該溶接装置の現在位置を検
出する位置検出手段からの位置情報に基づいて、加圧機
構または加熱機構を装備した走行装置が被溶接部材の裏
面に沿って連続的もしくは断続的に移動するような位置
制御が行われる。これによって、溶接点に追随しなが
ら、溶接点の近傍のみが裏面側から局部的に加圧または
加熱されることとなり、比較的少ない荷重を加えたり、
または、少ない熱エネルギを消費するだけで、溶接角変
形を許容範囲内に制御することができる。とくに、上記
被溶接部材の裏面側のみから角変形に対して逆向きのモ
ーメントもしくは加熱を局部的に付与するために、小さ
なモーメントや加熱を付与する加圧機構または加熱機構
でもって所望の角変形防止効果を得ることができ、小型
で簡便な溶接角変形制御装置を提供することができる。 Further, according to the fourth and fifth aspects of the present invention, the welding device is continuously operated along the surface of the member to be welded.
When moving intermittently, a traveling device equipped with a pressurizing mechanism or a heating mechanism continuously moves along the back surface of the member to be welded, based on position information from position detecting means for detecting the current position of the welding device. Alternatively, position control for intermittent movement is performed. Thus, while following the welding point, only the vicinity of the welding point is locally will be pressurized or heated from the back side, or make relatively small load,
Alternatively, the welding angle deformation can be controlled within an allowable range by consuming only a small amount of heat energy. In particular,
A model that is opposite to angular deformation only from the back side of the workpiece
Small to provide localized heating or heating.
Pressurizing or heating mechanism that gives a great moment or heating
Thus, the desired effect of preventing angular deformation can be obtained, and
And a simple welding angle deformation control device can be provided.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】以下、この発明の一実施例を図面にもとづい
て説明する。図１は、この発明による溶接角変形制御方
法が適用される大型構造物の一例である球形タンクの概
略外観図、図２はその一部の拡大図であり、このタンク
Ｔは、例えばアルミニウム製で、球面の一部を構成する
ような曲面状で、かつほぼ矩形状に設定された多数枚の
パネル１（被溶接部材）を球面に沿って密接・配置して
なり、隣接するパネル１，１の端縁部同士の突き合わせ
により形成される長尺の溶接継手部２を順次、片面溶接
して両パネル１，１を接合することで構成されている。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of a spherical tank which is an example of a large structure to which the welding angle deformation control method according to the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a part thereof. A large number of panels 1 (members to be welded) each having a curved surface and a substantially rectangular shape which constitute a part of a spherical surface are closely arranged along the spherical surface, and the adjacent panels 1 The two panels 1 and 1 are joined by sequentially welding one side of a long welded joint 2 formed by abutting the end portions of the panels 1.
【００１４】図３は、上記のような球形タンクＴにおけ
る隣接パネル１，１間の長尺溶接継手部２の溶接に際し
て、この発明に係る溶接角変形制御方法を実現するため
の溶接角変形制御装置の一実施例を示す側面図であり、
同図において、３はパネル１の表面に沿って連続的に走
行移動可能な溶接装置で、この溶接装置３は、球面の外
側においてパネル１と同一の芯を有するように架設され
たレール４に沿って走行駆動自在に転載された走行台車
５と、この走行台車５に多関節式アームロボット６を介
して、パネル１表面に対して遠近移動自在に支持された
溶接トーチ７ａを含む溶接部７と、上記走行台車５を駆
動する走行駆動機構９などから構成されている。FIG. 3 shows a welding angle deformation control for realizing the welding angle deformation control method according to the present invention when welding the long weld joint portion 2 between the adjacent panels 1 and 1 in the spherical tank T as described above. It is a side view showing an embodiment of the device,
In the figure, reference numeral 3 denotes a welding device capable of continuously traveling and moving along the surface of the panel 1, and the welding device 3 is mounted on a rail 4 which is installed outside the spherical surface so as to have the same core as the panel 1. Welding unit 7 including a traveling carriage 5 that is translatably driven along the traveling carriage 5 and a welding torch 7a that is supported by the traveling carriage 5 via an articulated arm robot 6 so as to be movable toward and away from the panel 1 surface. And a traveling drive mechanism 9 for driving the traveling carriage 5.
【００１５】１０は上記パネル１の裏面に沿って連続的
に走行移動可能な走行装置で、この走行装置１０は、球
面の内側においてパネル１と同一の芯を有するように架
設されたレール１１に沿って走行駆動自在に転載された
走行台車本体１２と、この走行台車本体１２に装備され
て上記溶接装置３の溶接部７による溶接箇所の近傍のみ
を裏面側から局部的に加圧する加圧機構１３と、上記溶
接装置３のセンサー８からの位置検出情報を受けて、上
記走行台車本体１２を上記溶接装置３の走行移動に同期
させて走行駆動する走行駆動機構１４とから構成されて
いる。上記加圧機構１３は、パネル１の裏面に沿って回
動移動するようにエンドレスに掛張された、例えばスチ
ールベルトなどの加圧帯体１３ａとこの加圧帯体１３ａ
のパネル１裏面への押圧力を調整する、例えば油圧シリ
ンダなどの加圧調整具１３ｂとにより構成されている。Reference numeral 10 denotes a traveling device which can travel continuously along the back surface of the panel 1. The traveling device 10 is mounted on a rail 11 which is installed inside the spherical surface so as to have the same core as the panel 1. A traveling bogie main body 12 that is removably mounted along the traveling bogie, and a pressurizing mechanism that is mounted on the traveling bogie main body 12 and that locally pressurizes only the vicinity of a welded portion by the welding portion 7 of the welding device 3 from the back side. 13 and a traveling drive mechanism 14 that receives the position detection information from the sensor 8 of the welding device 3 and drives the traveling bogie main body 12 to travel in synchronization with the traveling movement of the welding device 3. The pressurizing mechanism 13 includes a pressurizing band 13a such as a steel belt and the like, which is endlessly hung so as to rotate along the back surface of the panel 1, and a pressurizing band 13a.
And a pressure adjuster 13b, such as a hydraulic cylinder, for adjusting the pressing force on the back surface of the panel 1.
【００１６】つぎに、上記構成の溶接角変形制御装置の
使用による溶接角変形制御方法について説明する。パネ
ル１の表面側に配置された溶接装置３をレール４に沿っ
て走行駆動することにより、溶接部７が溶接継手部２に
沿って図３の矢符Ａ方向に連続的に移動して、その溶接
継手部２を溶接する。このとき、溶接装置３の現在位置
がセンサー８により検出され、その検出された位置情報
がパネル１の裏面側に配置された走行装置１０の走行駆
動機構１４に伝達されて、該走行装置１０が上記溶接装
置３の移動に同期して、レール１１に沿って図３の矢符
Ａ１方向に連続的に移動する。この走行装置１０の移動
にともない、パネル１の裏面で、上記溶接部７による溶
接箇所の近傍のみが加圧機構１３により局部的に加圧さ
れ、この加圧により溶接箇所に溶接角変形に対して逆向
きのモーメントが局部的に付与されることになり、これ
によって、僅かな加圧力を付与するだけで、溶接角変形
を低減することができる。Next, a description will be given of a welding angle deformation control method using the welding angle deformation control device having the above-described configuration. By the welding device 3 disposed on the surface side of the panel 1 travels driven along the rail 4, welded portions 7 are continuously moved in the arrow A direction of FIG. 3 along the weld joint part 2, The weld joint 2 is welded. At this time, the current position of the welding device 3 is detected by the sensor 8, and the detected position information is transmitted to the traveling drive mechanism 14 of the traveling device 10 disposed on the back side of the panel 1, so that the traveling device 10 In synchronization with the movement of the welding device 3, it continuously moves along the rail 11 in the direction of the arrow A1 in FIG. 3 . With the movement of the traveling device 10, only the vicinity of the welded portion by the welded portion 7 on the back surface of the panel 1 is locally pressurized by the pressurizing mechanism 13, and the pressurized portion causes the welded portion to undergo a welding angle deformation. Thus, the opposite moment is locally applied, whereby the welding angular deformation can be reduced by applying only a small pressing force.
【００１７】図４は、この発明に係る溶接角変形制御方
法を実現するための溶接角変形制御装置の他の実施例を
示す側面図であり、同図において、図３に示す実施例と
相違する点は、パネル１の裏面側に走行移動可能に配置
された走行装置１０に、加圧機構１３に代えて、例えば
ＴＩＧ溶接装置やガス燃焼器、高周波加熱器などの加熱
機構１５を装備させたことで、その他の構成は図３と同
一であるため、該当部分に同一の符号を付して、それら
の詳しい説明を省略する。[0017] Figure 4 is a side view showing another embodiment of a welding angle deformation control device for realizing the welding angle deformation control method according to the present invention, in the figure, different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 The difference is that the traveling device 10 movably disposed on the back side of the panel 1 is equipped with a heating mechanism 15 such as a TIG welding device, a gas combustor, or a high-frequency heater instead of the pressurizing mechanism 13. Thus, since the other configuration is the same as that of FIG. 3 , the corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
【００１８】つぎに、上記図４の構成の溶接角変形制御
装置の使用による溶接角変形制御方法について説明す
る。基本的には、上記図３の場合の動作と同様であり、
相違する点は、溶接装置３の溶接部７による溶接箇所の
近傍のみをパネル１の裏面側から局部的に加熱して、溶
接箇所の板厚方向での温度分布を一様化することによ
り、溶接角変形を低減することであり、僅かな熱エネル
ギを消費するだけで、溶接角変形の低減を図ることがで
きる。Next, a description will be given weld angle deformation control method by the use of welding angle deformation control device of the configuration of FIG 4. Basically, the same as the operation in the case of FIG. 3,
The difference is that only the vicinity of the welded portion by the welded portion 7 of the welding device 3 is locally heated from the back surface side of the panel 1 and the temperature distribution in the thickness direction of the welded portion is made uniform. This is to reduce welding angle deformation, and it is possible to reduce welding angle deformation by consuming only a small amount of heat energy.
【００１９】なお、上記した各実施例以外に、パネル１
自体の曲げ剛性を治具により増大させる治具拘束法を併
用しても、同様な効果を奏する。また、角変形制御処置
として、パネル１の表面側で溶接箇所の左右両側から荷
重を負荷する手段を採用してもよい。Note that, in addition to the above embodiments, the panel 1
The same effect can be obtained by using a jig constraint method in which the bending rigidity of the jig itself is increased by a jig. Further, as the angular deformation control procedure, means for applying a load from both the left and right sides of the welded portion on the surface side of the panel 1 may be employed.
【００２０】以下、本発明者が行った効果確認試験につ
いて説明する。 （１）試験条件： 試験番号 試験項目 拘束試験条件 Ｎｏ．１ 自由変形量調査 拘束なし（自由変形） Ｎｏ．２ 角変形拘束荷調査 角変形完全拘束（ロードセル） Ｎｏ．３ 溶接部荷重負荷の効果調査 裏面から油圧ジャッキで荷重負荷 Ｎｏ．４ 溶接部裏面同時加熱効果調査 裏面加熱にて温度分布均一化 （２）試験体寸法および溶接条件： 試験体寸法 板厚；４０ｍｍ、溶接長；１０００ｍｍ、試験体幅；片幅５００ｍｍ 開先形状；片面溶接用Ｕ開先 材質；アルミニウム合金 Ａ５０８３ 溶接法 ＭＩＧ溶接 （３）溶接角変形防止対策： 内容；図５〜図７に示すように、試験体１Ａの外側に、
溶接線Ｌの左右両側に当接する状態でガーダー状の外面
押え治具２０を配設し、この外面押え治具２０の中央部
にレール４Ａに沿って走行移動する溶接機３Ａを配置す
る。一方、試験体１Ａの内側に、角変形防止治具とし
て、溶接線Ｌに沿って多数基の油圧シリンダ１３Ａを列
状に配置し、これら油圧シリンダ１３Ａを溶接機３Ａに
よる溶接点の移動につれて、順次切り換え作動させるこ
とにより、試験体１Ａの裏面から局部的に荷重負荷し
た。また、油圧シリンダの代わりに内側にもレールを配
置し、走行台車にＭＩＧトーチを取り付け、裏面から加
熱する試験をも実施した。 （４）試験結果： 図９は試験番号Ｎｏ．１で示すもので、自由変形状態で
アルミ溶接を行った場合の溶接パス数と角変形量の関係
を示し、同図から明らかなように、パス数が１の場合は
ほとんど変形がみられないが、パス数が２〜７に増える
にしたがって変形量が増加している。また、図１０は上
記図９の場合のうち４パスと６パスのスタート点および
エンド点それぞれでの角変形の溶接開始後の時間的変化
を示し、パス数に拘らずスタート点およびエンド点の変
形量にはほとんど変化がみられないことがわかる。な
お、図９および図１０の縦軸で示す角変形量（ｍｍ）
は、図８で示すように、試験片幅１０００ｍｍでの変形
量である。図１１は試験番号Ｎｏ．２で示すもので、角
変形完全拘束状態でアルミ溶接を行い、スタート点およ
びエンド点からそれぞれ１００ｍｍの位置における溶接
パス数と拘束荷重の関係を示し、溶接パス数が増えるに
したがってスタート点およびエンド点ともに拘束荷重が
増加していることが分かる。また、図１２は上記図１１
の場合のうち４パスと７パスのスタート点およびエンド
点からそれぞれ１００ｍｍの位置での角変形拘束荷重の
溶接開始後の時間的変化を示し、４パス、７パスのいず
れの場合も溶接開始初期のスタート点とエンド点での荷
重差が大きく、スタート点側は溶接完了時間の約１／２
程度で最終値に到達するのに対し、エンド側はスタート
点側が最終値に到達する頃からやっと漸増し始め、溶接
完了時に最終値に到達する。すなわち、溶接位置の移動
とともに拘束荷重が増加する箇所が移動することが分か
る。図１３は試験番号Ｎｏ．３で示すもので、裏面から
油圧ジャッキで局部荷重を負荷してアルミ溶接を行った
場合の溶接パス数と角変形量との関係の一例を示し、僅
かな局部荷重を負荷するだけで角変形量を抑制できるこ
とが分かる。図１４は試験番号Ｎｏ．４で示すもので、
裏面からＴＩＧにより加熱しながらアルミ溶接を行った
場合の溶接パス数と角変形量の関係を示し、裏面加熱に
よっても角変形量を抑制できることが分かる。図１５は
上記した各試験の溶接変形を比較して示したもので、治
具で拘束した場合についても併記している。同図から明
らかなように、溶接点に追随しながら、裏面から局部荷
重を負荷する方法あるいは裏面から加熱する方法によっ
て、角変形量を許容範囲内に制御できることが分かっ
た。Hereinafter, an effect confirmation test performed by the present inventors will be described. (1) Test conditions: Test number Test item Restraint test condition No. No. 1 free deformation investigation No constraint (free deformation) No.2 Investigation of angular deformation restraint load Full deformation of angular deformation (load cell) No. 3 Investigation of the effect of the load applied to the welded part. 4 Investigation of simultaneous heating effect on backside of welded part Temperature uniformization by backside heating (2) Specimen size and welding conditions: Specimen size Plate thickness: 40 mm, welding length: 1000 mm, specimen width; U groove for single-sided welding Material: Aluminum alloy A5083 Welding method MIG welding (3) Measures to prevent welding angle deformation: Contents: As shown in FIGS.
A girder-shaped outer holding jig 20 is disposed in contact with the left and right sides of the welding line L, and a welding machine 3A that travels and moves along the rail 4A is disposed at the center of the outer holding jig 20. On the other hand, as the jig for preventing angular deformation, a number of hydraulic cylinders 13A are arranged in a row along the welding line L inside the test body 1A, and these hydraulic cylinders 13A are moved as the welding point is moved by the welding machine 3A. By sequentially performing the switching operation, a load was locally applied from the back surface of the test body 1A. In addition, a test was conducted in which a rail was also arranged inside instead of the hydraulic cylinder, a MIG torch was attached to the traveling cart, and heating was performed from the back. (4) Test results: FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the number of welding passes and the amount of angular deformation when aluminum welding is performed in a free deformation state. As is clear from the figure, when the number of passes is 1, almost no deformation is observed. However, as the number of passes increases from 2 to 7, the amount of deformation increases. FIG. 10 shows the temporal change after the start of welding of the angular deformation at the start point and the end point of the 4th pass and the 6th pass in the case of FIG. 9 described above. It can be seen that there is almost no change in the amount of deformation. The amount of angular deformation (mm) shown by the vertical axis in FIGS. 9 and 10
Is the amount of deformation at a test piece width of 1000 mm as shown in FIG. FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the number of welding passes and the constraint load at positions 100 mm from the start point and the end point, respectively. It can be seen that the constraint load has increased for both points. Also, FIG.
Shows the temporal change of the angular deformation constraint load at the position of 100 mm from the start point and the end point of the 4th pass and the 7th pass after the start of welding, and the initial stage of the welding start in both the 4th pass and the 7th pass The load difference between the start point and the end point is large, and the start point side is about half the welding completion time
On the other hand, the end value finally reaches the final value when the start point reaches the final value, and reaches the final value when welding is completed. That is, it can be seen that the position where the constraint load increases moves as the welding position moves. FIG. 3 shows an example of the relationship between the number of welding passes and the amount of angular deformation when aluminum welding is performed by applying a local load with a hydraulic jack from the back surface. It can be seen that the amount can be suppressed. FIG. Indicated by 4,
The relationship between the number of welding passes and the amount of angular deformation when aluminum welding is performed while heating by TIG from the back surface is shown, and it can be seen that the amount of angular deformation can be suppressed even by heating the back surface. FIG. 15 shows the welding deformation of each of the above-mentioned tests in comparison, and also shows the case where the welding is restrained by a jig. As is clear from the figure, it was found that the amount of angular deformation can be controlled within an allowable range by applying a local load from the back surface or heating from the back surface while following the welding point.
【００２１】なお、上記の効果確認試験における溶接角
変形防止対策として、図５〜図７で示したように、溶接
線Ｌに沿って多数基の油圧シリンダ１３Ａを列状に配置
し、これら油圧シリンダ１３Ａを溶接機３Ａによる溶接
点の移動につれて、順次切り換え作動させるような荷重
制御方式を用いても、上記実施例と同様な効果を奏する
ことは勿論である。As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, a number of hydraulic cylinders 13A are arranged in a row along the welding line L as a countermeasure for preventing welding angle deformation in the above-mentioned effect confirmation test. Even if a load control method in which the cylinder 13A is sequentially switched as the welding point is moved by the welding machine 3A is used, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】以上のように、この発明の請求項１、２
および３によれば、溶接角変形を発生させるモーメント
が溶接点近傍にのみ生じていることに着目して、溶接点
に追随しながら、角変形に対して逆向きのモーメントを
局部的に付与するか、もしくは、局部的に加熱すること
で、溶接角変形を低減させようとするものであるから、
従来の治具拘束法や逆歪法に比べて、格段に小さな荷重
あるいは変位負荷もしくは僅かな加熱エネルギによっ
て、溶接角変形を低減することができる。特に、大型部
材の溶接のように、溶接長が長い場合、その溶接長の全
範囲にわたって拘束したり、逆歪を与えるための膨大な
数の治具あるいは大きな荷重負荷手段、さらには経験的
な予測などが不要となり、したがって、溶接角変形が少
なくて寸法精度の高い溶接を作業性、施工能率ともに良
好に実現することができる。As described above, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention,
According to 3 and 3, paying attention to the fact that the moment causing the welding angular deformation occurs only near the welding point, locally applying the moment opposite to the angular deformation while following the welding point. Or, because it is intended to reduce the welding angular deformation by heating locally,
Compared with the conventional jig restraint method and the reverse strain method, the welding angular deformation can be reduced by a significantly smaller load or displacement load or a small amount of heating energy. In particular, when the welding length is long, such as when welding large members, a large number of jigs or large load applying means for restraining or applying reverse strain over the entire range of the welding length, and furthermore, empirical Prediction and the like are not required, and therefore, welding with small welding angle deformation and high dimensional accuracy can be satisfactorily realized in both workability and construction efficiency.
【００２３】また、請求項４および５によれば、溶接装
置を被溶接部材の表面に沿って移動させるとき、その溶
接装置の現在位置を検出する位置検出手段からの位置情
報に基づいて、加圧機構または加熱機構を装備した走行
装置を被溶接部材の裏面に沿って連続的もしくは断続的
に移動させるような位置制御を自動的に行えるので、溶
接点に追随しながら、溶接点の近傍のみを裏面から局部
的に加圧または加熱させて、少ない荷重負荷、または、
少ない消費熱エネルギのもとで溶接角変形を許容範囲内
に制御する高精度な溶接作業を全自動化して、能率的に
実行することができる。また、多パス溶接の場合には、
各パス毎の角変形発生状況に応じて容易に加圧力あるい
は変位量を調整することができ、確実に角変形を防止す
ることが可能である。According to the fourth and fifth aspects, when the welding device is moved along the surface of the member to be welded, the welding device is added based on position information from the position detecting means for detecting the current position of the welding device. Position control such as continuously or intermittently moving a traveling device equipped with a pressure mechanism or a heating mechanism along the back surface of a member to be welded can be performed automatically. Is locally pressurized or heated from the back side to reduce the load, or
A highly accurate welding operation for controlling the welding angle deformation within an allowable range with a small amount of heat consumption can be fully automated and efficiently executed. In the case of multi-pass welding,
The pressing force or the amount of displacement can be easily adjusted in accordance with the state of occurrence of angular deformation for each pass, and it is possible to reliably prevent angular deformation.
【図１】この発明による溶接角変形制御方法が適用され
る大型構造物の一例である球形タンクの概略外観図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of a spherical tank as an example of a large structure to which a welding angle deformation control method according to the present invention is applied.
【図２】図１の要部の拡大図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.
【図３】この発明に係る溶接角変形制御方法を実現する
ための溶接角変形制御装置の一実施例を示す側面図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a side view showing an embodiment of a welding angle deformation control device for realizing the welding angle deformation control method according to the present invention.
【図４】この発明に係る溶接角変形制御方法を実現する
ための溶接角変形制御装置の他の実施例を示す側面図で
ある。FIG. 4 is a side view showing another embodiment of the welding angle deformation control device for realizing the welding angle deformation control method according to the present invention.
【図５】本発明者が行った効果確認試験の溶接角変形防
止対策として使用した装置の内容を示す側面図である。FIG. 5 is a side view showing the contents of an apparatus used as a measure for preventing welding angle deformation in an effect confirmation test performed by the inventor.
【図６】図５の正面図である。FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 5;
【図７】図５の一部切り欠き平面図である。FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway plan view of FIG. 5;
【図８】効果確認試験に使用した被溶接部材（試験片）
の説明図である。FIG. 8: Welded member (test piece) used in the effect confirmation test
FIG.
【図９】自由変形状態でアルミ溶接を行った場合の溶接
パス数と角変形量の関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of welding passes and the amount of angular deformation when aluminum welding is performed in a free deformation state.
【図１０】図９の場合の４パスおよび６パス目の角変形
の溶接開始後の時間的変化を示すグラフである。FIG. 10 is a graph showing the temporal change after the start of welding of the angular deformation in the fourth and sixth passes in the case of FIG. 9;
【図１１】拘束変形状態でアルミ溶接を行った場合の溶
接パス数と拘束荷重の関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of welding passes and restraint load when aluminum welding is performed in a restrained deformation state.
【図１２】図１１の場合の４パスおよび７パス目の角変
形拘束荷重の溶接開始後の時間的変化を示すグラフであ
る。12 is a graph showing a temporal change of the angular deformation restraining load in the fourth pass and the seventh pass in the case of FIG. 11 after the start of welding.
【図１３】局部荷重を負荷する状態でアルミ溶接を行っ
た場合の溶接パス数と角変形量の関係を示すグラフであ
る。FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of welding passes and the amount of angular deformation when aluminum welding is performed in a state where a local load is applied.
【図１４】裏面からの加熱を併用した状態でアルミ溶接
を行った場合の溶接パス数と角変形量の関係を示すグラ
フである。FIG. 14 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of welding passes and the amount of angular deformation when aluminum welding is performed in a state in which heating from the back is also used.
【図１５】各種の条件での溶接変形の比較を示すグラフ
である。FIG. 15 is a graph showing a comparison of welding deformation under various conditions.
【図１６】従来の溶接角変形抑制方法の１つである治具
拘束法の一例を示す概略説明図である。FIG. 16 is a schematic explanatory view showing an example of a jig constraint method which is one of the conventional welding angle deformation suppressing methods.
【図１７】従来の溶接角変形抑制方法の１つである治具
拘束法の他の一例を示す概略説明図である。FIG. 17 is a schematic explanatory view showing another example of a jig constraint method which is one of the conventional welding angle deformation suppressing methods.
【図１８】従来の溶接角変形抑制方法の他の１つである
逆歪法を示す概略説明図である。FIG. 18 is a schematic explanatory view showing a reverse strain method which is another one of the conventional welding angle deformation suppressing methods.
【図１９】従来の溶接角変形抑制方法のもう１つである
逆歪拘束法を示す概略説明図である。FIG. 19 is a schematic explanatory view showing a reverse strain constraint method which is another of the conventional welding angle deformation suppressing methods.
１ パネル（被溶接部材） ３ 溶接装置 ７ 溶接部 １０ 走行装置 １３ 加圧機構 １５ 加熱機構 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Panel (member to be welded) 3 Welding device 7 Weld part 10 Traveling device 13 Pressurizing mechanism 15 Heating mechanism
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｂ２３Ｋ 37/04 Ｂ２３Ｋ 37/04 Ｘ (72)発明者 大塚 芳弥 兵庫県加古郡播磨町新島８番地 川崎重 工業株式会社 播磨工場内 (72)発明者 岩瀬 敏典 兵庫県加古郡播磨町新島８番地 川崎重 工業株式会社 播磨工場内 (56)参考文献 特開 平５−111788（ＪＰ，Ａ)Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical display location B23K 37/04 B23K 37/04 X (72) Inventor Yoshiya Otsuka 8 Niijima, Harima-cho, Kako-gun, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries Harima Factory Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshinori Iwase 8 Harima, Harima-cho, Kako-gun, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Harima Factory Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-5-111788 (JP, A)
Claims (5)
て配設された複数の被溶接部材の表面に沿って溶接装置
を所定間隔を存し連続的もしくは断続的に非加圧状態で
移動させ、長尺の溶接継手部を順次片面溶接しながら角
変形制御処置を行なう溶接角変形制御方法であって、上
記角変形制御処置箇所を上記溶接継手部の移動溶接箇所
の近傍の裏面側のみの局部に設定し、この局部的な角変
形制御処置箇所を上記溶接箇所の移動に同期させて連続
的もしくは断続的に位置変更させることを特徴とする溶
接角変形制御方法。1. Abutting edges adjacent to each other
The welding device is continuously or intermittently moved in a non-pressurized state at predetermined intervals along the surfaces of the plurality of members to be welded , and the long welding joints are sequentially placed on one side. A welding angle deformation control method for performing angular deformation control while welding.
The serial angle deformation control treatment site set Mino local areas of the back surface side in the vicinity of the mobile welding location of the welded joint portion, continuously or the local angular distortion control treatment site in synchronism with the movement of the welding point A welding angle deformation control method characterized by intermittently changing a position.
端縁部同士を突き合わせて配設された複数の被溶接部材
の裏面側のみからの荷重負荷あるいは変位負荷により、
溶接角変形に対して逆向きのモーメントを上記被溶接部
材に付与することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の溶接角
変形制御方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the angular deformation control measures are adjacent to each other.
Due to a load load or a displacement load from only the back side of a plurality of members to be welded arranged with the edge portions abutting each other ,
The welded portion moment in the reverse direction to the welding angle deformation
Welding angle deformation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that applied to the wood.
面から上記溶接箇所の近傍のみを局部的に加熱して溶接
箇所の板厚方向での温度分布を一様化することを特徴と
する請求項１に記載の溶接角変形制御方法。Wherein said angle deformation control treatment, and characterized by uniformly the temperature distribution in the thickness direction of the locally heated welding portion only near the back surface from the welding point of the workpiece to be welded
Welding angle deformation control method according to claim 1.
て配設された複数の被溶接部材の表面に沿って所定間隔
を存し連続的もしくは断続的に非加圧状態で移動する溶
接装置と、この溶接装置の現在位置を検出する位置検出
手段による位置情報に基づいて上記被溶接部材の裏面に
沿って連続的もしくは断続的に移動するように位置制御
される走行装置と、この走行装置に装備されて上記溶接
装置による溶接箇所の近傍のみを裏面側から局部的に加
圧する加圧機構とを備え、上記端縁部同士を突き合わせ
た長尺の溶接継手部を順次片面溶接しながら角変形制御
処置を行なうことを特徴とする溶接角変形制御装置。4. Abutting edges adjacent to each other
At predetermined intervals along the surface of multiple workpieces
A welding device moving continuously or intermittently unpressurized state exist a continuous or along the rear surface of the member to be welded based on the position information by the position detecting means for detecting the current position of the welding device a traveling device which is position control to move intermittently, and a locally pressurizing pressurizing mechanism only near the welding location is equipped by the welding apparatus to the travel device from the back side, the edges Butts
Deformation control while sequentially welding single-sided long welded joints
A welding angle deformation control device for performing a treatment .
装置と、この溶接装置の現在位置を検出する位置検出手
段による位置情報に基づいて被溶接部材の裏面に沿って
連続的もしくは断続的に移動するように位置制御される
走行装置と、この走行装置に装備されて上記溶接装置に
よる溶接箇所の近傍のみを裏面側から局部的に加熱する
加熱機構とを備えたことを特徴とする溶接角変形制御装
置。5. A welding device that moves along the surface of a member to be welded, and continuously or intermittently along the back surface of the member to be welded based on position information from a position detector that detects a current position of the welding device. And a heating device mounted on the traveling device and locally heating only the vicinity of the welding location by the welding device from the back side. Angular deformation control device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3359556A JP2597259B2 (en) | 1991-12-31 | 1991-12-31 | Method and apparatus for controlling welding angle deformation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3359556A JP2597259B2 (en) | 1991-12-31 | 1991-12-31 | Method and apparatus for controlling welding angle deformation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0724592A JPH0724592A (en) | 1995-01-27 |
| JP2597259B2 true JP2597259B2 (en) | 1997-04-02 |
Family
ID=18465111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3359556A Expired - Fee Related JP2597259B2 (en) | 1991-12-31 | 1991-12-31 | Method and apparatus for controlling welding angle deformation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2597259B2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05111788A (en) * | 1991-10-14 | 1993-05-07 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Method for preventing welding distortion of aluminum sheet material |
-
1991
- 1991-12-31 JP JP3359556A patent/JP2597259B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0724592A (en) | 1995-01-27 |
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