JP2594036B2 - Non-aqueous electrolyte battery - Google Patents

Non-aqueous electrolyte battery

Info

Publication number
JP2594036B2
JP2594036B2 JP60231670A JP23167085A JP2594036B2 JP 2594036 B2 JP2594036 B2 JP 2594036B2 JP 60231670 A JP60231670 A JP 60231670A JP 23167085 A JP23167085 A JP 23167085A JP 2594036 B2 JP2594036 B2 JP 2594036B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
battery
dioxolane
aqueous electrolyte
solvent
dimethylacetamide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP60231670A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6290869A (en
Inventor
修弘 古川
精司 吉村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanyo Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP60231670A priority Critical patent/JP2594036B2/en
Publication of JPS6290869A publication Critical patent/JPS6290869A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2594036B2 publication Critical patent/JP2594036B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/14Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/16Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte
    • H01M6/162Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte characterised by the electrolyte

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (イ) 産業上の利用分野 本発明はリチウム又はリチウムを含む合金を負極活物
質とする非水電解液電池に関するものである。
The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte battery using lithium or an alloy containing lithium as a negative electrode active material.

(ロ) 従来の技術 この種電池の電解液は少くとも一つの溶媒と少くとも
一つの溶質とから構成されている。そして溶媒としては
プロピレンカーボネート、γ−ブチロラクトン、ジメト
キシエタン、スルホラン、テトラハイドロフランなどが
一般的なものであり、又溶質としては過塩素酸リチウ
ム、ホウフッ化リチウム、塩化リチウムなどが一般的で
ある。
(B) Prior art The electrolyte of this type of battery is composed of at least one solvent and at least one solute. As the solvent, propylene carbonate, γ-butyrolactone, dimethoxyethane, sulfolane, tetrahydrofuran and the like are generally used, and as the solute, lithium perchlorate, lithium borofluoride, lithium chloride and the like are generally used.

而して、近年に至っては溶媒として例えば特公昭54−
11890号公報或いは特公昭58−56466号公報に開示されて
いるジオキソランが注目されている。ジオキソランは他
の溶媒に比して溶質の溶解度が大きく、且低温での粘度
が低いという利点を有するので低温特性に優れた非水電
解液電池を得ることができる。
Thus, in recent years, as a solvent, for example,
The dioxolane disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 11890 or Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-56466 has attracted attention. Dioxolan has the advantage that the solubility of the solute is higher than other solvents and the viscosity at low temperatures is low, so that a non-aqueous electrolyte battery having excellent low-temperature characteristics can be obtained.

ところが、ジオキソランは保存に伴いそのカチオンが
生成し、これが連鎖反応の開始剤となって長期保存後に
はジオキソランの重合が起って電解液の劣化を来たし電
池特性が低下する。
However, dioxolane generates cations during storage, which acts as an initiator of a chain reaction, and after long-term storage, polymerization of dioxolane occurs to deteriorate the electrolytic solution and deteriorate battery characteristics.

(ハ) 発明が解決しようとする問題点 本発明は非水電解液電池の用途拡大に寄与すべく、特
に低温放電特性及び保存特性に優れた非水電解液電池を
提供することを目的とする。
(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention aims to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte battery having excellent low-temperature discharge characteristics and storage characteristics, in particular, in order to contribute to the expansion of applications of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery. .

(ニ) 問題点を解決するための手段 本発明の非水電解液電池は、リチウム又はリチウムを
含む合金を活物質とする負極と、正極と、ジオキソラン
を主体とする溶媒と少なくとも一つの溶質とからなる非
水電解液とを備えるものであって、前記溶媒が、N,N−
ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、
アセトアミド及びN−メチルアセトアミドからなる群か
ら選択された少なくとも一種を、ジオキソランの重合阻
止剤として含有する混合溶媒を用いることを特徴とす
る。
(D) Means for Solving the Problems The nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present invention comprises a negative electrode having lithium or an alloy containing lithium as an active material, a positive electrode, a solvent mainly composed of dioxolane, and at least one solute. And a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising:
Dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide,
It is characterized in that a mixed solvent containing at least one selected from the group consisting of acetamide and N-methylacetamide as a dioxolane polymerization inhibitor is used.

(ホ) 作用 本発明電池によれば、保存により生成せるジオキソラ
ンのカチオンを、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N−ジ
メチルホルムアミド等の特定のアミド化合物が補足し連
鎖反応を抑えるためジオキソランの重合が阻止される。
(E) Action According to the battery of the present invention, a specific amide compound such as N, N-dimethylacetamide or N, N-dimethylformamide captures the cation of dioxolane generated by storage, and suppresses the chain reaction to suppress the chain reaction. Is blocked.

(ヘ) 実施例 以下本発明の実施例につき詳述する。(F) Examples Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described in detail.

実施例1 電解液組成;ジオキソランとN,N−ジメチルアセトア
ミドとを1:0.001の体積比で混合した混合溶媒に溶質と
して過塩素酸リチウムを1モル/溶解したものを電解
液とする。
Example 1 Electrolyte composition: A mixture of dioxolane and N, N-dimethylacetamide at a volume ratio of 1: 0.001 in which lithium perchlorate (1 mol / dissolve) was dissolved as a solute was used as an electrolyte.

正極は水分除去のための熱処理を施した活物質として
の二酸化マンガンと、導電剤としてのカーボン粉末と、
結着剤としてのフッ素樹脂粉末とを85:10:5の重量比で
混合した正極合剤を加圧成型し、ついで250〜350℃の温
度で熱処理したものである。
The positive electrode has manganese dioxide as an active material subjected to a heat treatment for removing moisture, and carbon powder as a conductive agent,
A positive electrode mixture in which a fluororesin powder as a binder is mixed at a weight ratio of 85: 10: 5 is molded under pressure, and then heat-treated at a temperature of 250 to 350 ° C.

又、負極はリチウム圧延板を所定寸法に打抜いたもの
を用い、セパレータはポリプロピレン不織布を用いて径
20.0mm、厚み2.5mm、電池容量120mAHの扁平型非水電解
液電池を得た。
The negative electrode used was a punched lithium rolled plate of a predetermined size, and the separator was made of polypropylene nonwoven fabric.
A flat nonaqueous electrolyte battery having a thickness of 20.0 mm, a thickness of 2.5 mm, and a battery capacity of 120 mAH was obtained.

この電池を(A1)とする。This battery is designated as (A 1 ).

実施例2 電解液組成;ジオキソランとN,N−ジメチルホルムア
ミドとを1:0.001体積比で混合した混合溶媒に溶質とし
て過塩素酸リチウムを1モル/溶解したものを電解液
とする。
Example 2 Electrolyte composition: A mixture of dioxolane and N, N-dimethylformamide at a volume ratio of 1: 0.001 in which lithium perchlorate as a solute was dissolved at 1 mol / mol was used as an electrolyte.

以下は実施例1と同様である。 The following is the same as in the first embodiment.

この電池を(A2)とする。This battery is referred to as (A 2 ).

比較例1 電解液組成;ジオキソランの単独溶媒に溶質として過
塩素酸リチウムを1モル/溶解したものを電解液とす
る。
Comparative Example 1 Electrolyte Composition: An electrolyte prepared by dissolving 1 mol / mol of lithium perchlorate as a solute in a single solvent of dioxolane.

以下は実施例1と同様である。 The following is the same as in the first embodiment.

この電池を(B1)とする。This battery is designated as (B 1 ).

第1図及び第2図はこれら電池(A1)(A2)(B1)の
放電特性を示し、第1図は初期放電特性、第2図は温度
60℃で3ケ月保存後の放電特性である。尚、放電条件は
温度−20℃、負荷3kΩとした。
1 and 2 show the discharge characteristics of these batteries (A 1 ) (A 2 ) (B 1 ), FIG. 1 shows the initial discharge characteristics, and FIG.
The discharge characteristics after storage at 60 ° C. for 3 months. The discharge conditions were a temperature of −20 ° C. and a load of 3 kΩ.

又、第3図は実施例1に示す二成分混合溶媒におい
て、ジオキソラン“1"に対するN,N−ジメチルアセトア
ミドの混合比率と、60℃で3ケ月保存後の電池を−20
℃、3kΩ負荷で放電した時の放電容量との関係を示す。
第3図からN,N−ジメチルアセトアミドの混合比率とし
ては10-2〜10-5の範囲が好ましいことがわかる。
FIG. 3 shows the mixing ratio of N, N-dimethylacetamide to dioxolane “1” in the binary solvent mixture shown in Example 1, and the battery after storage at 60 ° C. for 3 months.
It shows the relationship with the discharge capacity when discharging at a load of 3 kΩ at ℃.
FIG. 3 shows that the mixing ratio of N, N-dimethylacetamide is preferably in the range of 10 -2 to 10 -5 .

次に、第3の溶媒として誘電率の高いプロピレンカー
ボネートを加えた例を示す。
Next, an example in which propylene carbonate having a high dielectric constant is added as the third solvent will be described.

実施例3 電解液組成;ジオキソランとN,N−ジメチルアセトア
ミドとプロピレンカーボネートとを1:0.001:1の体積比
で混合した混合溶媒に溶質として過塩素酸リチウムを1
モル/溶解したものを電解液とする。
Example 3 Composition of electrolyte solution: 1 mixture of dioxolane, N, N-dimethylacetamide and propylene carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 0.001: 1 was mixed with 1 part of lithium perchlorate as a solute.
The solution dissolved / moled is used as an electrolytic solution.

以下は実施例1と同様である。 The following is the same as in the first embodiment.

この電池(A3)とする。This battery (A 3 ) is used.

実施例4 電解液組成;ジオキソランとN,N−ジメチルホルムア
ミドとプロピレンカーボネートとを1:0.001:1の体積比
で混合した混合溶媒に溶質として過塩素酸リチウムを1
モル/溶解したものを電解液とする。
Example 4 Composition of electrolyte solution: 1 mixture of dioxolane, N, N-dimethylformamide and propylene carbonate in a volume ratio of 1: 0.001: 1 was mixed with 1 part of lithium perchlorate as a solute.
The solution dissolved / moled is used as an electrolytic solution.

以下は実施例1と同様である。 The following is the same as in the first embodiment.

この電池を(A4)とする。This battery is referred to as (A 4 ).

比較例2 電解液組成;ジオキソランとプロピレンカーボネート
とを1:1の体積比で混合した混合溶媒に溶質として過塩
素酸リチウムを1モル/溶解したものを電解液とす
る。
Comparative Example 2 Electrolyte Composition: A mixture of dioxolane and propylene carbonate at a volume ratio of 1: 1 was prepared by mixing lithium perchlorate at a mole ratio of 1 mol / mol as a solute.

以下は実施例1と同様である。 The following is the same as in the first embodiment.

この電池を(B2)とする。This battery is designated as (B 2 ).

第4図及び第5図はこれら電池(A3)(A4)(B2)の
放電特性を示し、第4図は初期放電特性、第5図は温度
60℃で3ケ月保存後の放電特性である。尚、放電条件は
温度−20℃、負荷3kΩとした。
4 and 5 show the discharge characteristics of these batteries (A 3 ) (A 4 ) (B 2 ), FIG. 4 shows the initial discharge characteristics, and FIG.
The discharge characteristics after storage at 60 ° C. for 3 months. The discharge conditions were a temperature of −20 ° C. and a load of 3 kΩ.

又、第6図は実施例3に示す三成分混合溶媒におい
て、ジオキソラン“1"及びプロピレンカーボネート“1"
に対するN,N−ジメチルアセトアミドの混合比率と、60
℃で3ケ月保存後の電池を−20℃、3kΩ負荷で放電した
時の放電容量との関係を示す。第6図からN,N−ジメチ
ルアセトアミドの混合比率としては10-1〜10-5の範囲が
好ましいことがわかる。
FIG. 6 shows that in the ternary mixed solvent shown in Example 3, dioxolane “1” and propylene carbonate “1” were used.
Mixing ratio of N, N-dimethylacetamide to
4 shows the relationship with the discharge capacity when the battery was stored at −20 ° C. under a load of 3 kΩ after storage at 3 ° C. for 3 months. FIG. 6 shows that the mixing ratio of N, N-dimethylacetamide is preferably in the range of 10 -1 to 10 -5 .

尚、第3の溶媒としてプロピレンカーボネートの場合
を例示したが、プロピレンカーボネート以外にγ−ブチ
ロラクトン、スルホラン、エチレンカーボネート、ジメ
トキシエタン、テトラヒドロフランなども用いることが
できる。
In addition, although the case of propylene carbonate was illustrated as the third solvent, γ-butyrolactone, sulfolane, ethylene carbonate, dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran and the like can be used in addition to propylene carbonate.

第1図、第2図、第4図及び第5図から明白なるよう
に、本発明電池と比較電池とは初期放電特性ではほとん
ど差異がないものの、保存特性においては本発明電池の
方が優れた特性を示すことがわかる。
As is clear from FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 5, although the battery of the present invention and the comparative battery have almost no difference in initial discharge characteristics, the battery of the present invention is superior in storage characteristics. It can be seen that the characteristics are shown.

この理由は保存により生成せるジオキソランのカチオ
ンを、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N−ジメチルホル
ムアミド等の特定のアミド化合物が補足し連鎖反応を抑
えるためジオキソランの重合が阻止され、その結果とし
て電解液の劣化が抑制されることに起因するものと考え
られる。
The reason for this is that certain amide compounds such as N, N-dimethylacetamide and N, N-dimethylformamide capture the dioxolane cations generated during storage and suppress the chain reaction. It is considered that the deterioration of the liquid is suppressed.

(ト) 発明の効果 上述した如く、ジオキソランを主体とする溶媒に、N,
N−ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミ
ド、アセトアミド及びN−メチルアセトアミドからなる
群から選択された少なくとも一種を、ジオキソランの重
合阻止剤として含有させた混合溶媒を用いることによ
り、低温放電特性及び保存特性に優れた比水電解液電池
を得ることができるものであり、この種電池の用途拡大
に資するところ極めて大である。
(G) Effects of the Invention As described above, a solvent mainly composed of dioxolane contains N,
Low temperature discharge characteristics and storage by using a mixed solvent containing at least one selected from the group consisting of N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, acetamide and N-methylacetamide as a dioxolane polymerization inhibitor A specific water electrolyte battery having excellent characteristics can be obtained, which is extremely large in contributing to the expansion of applications of this type of battery.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第1図、第2図、第4図及び第5図は本発明電池と比較
電池との放電特性比較図であり、第1図及び第4図は初
期放電特性、第2図及び第5図は保存特性を夫々示す。
第3図及び第6図は各混合溶媒中におけるN,N−ジメチ
ルアセトアミドの混合比率と電池の放電容量との関係を
示す図である。 (A1)(A2)(A3)(A4)……本発明電池、(B1
(B2)……比較電池。
1, 2, 4, and 5 are comparison diagrams of the discharge characteristics of the battery of the present invention and the comparative battery. FIGS. 1 and 4 show the initial discharge characteristics, and FIGS. 2 and 5. Indicates storage characteristics, respectively.
FIGS. 3 and 6 are diagrams showing the relationship between the mixing ratio of N, N-dimethylacetamide in each mixed solvent and the discharge capacity of the battery. (A 1 ) (A 2 ) (A 3 ) (A 4 ) The battery of the present invention, (B 1 )
(B 2 ): Comparative battery.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】リチウム又はリチウムを含む合金を活物質
とする負極と、正極と、ジオキソランを主体とする溶媒
と少なくとも一つの溶質とからなる非水電解液とを備え
るものであって、 前記溶媒が、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N−ジメチ
ルホルムアミド、アセトアミド及びN−メチルアセトア
ミドからなる群から選択された少なくとも一種を、ジオ
キソランの重合阻止剤として含有する混合溶媒であるこ
とを特徴とする非水電解液電池。
1. A negative electrode comprising lithium or an alloy containing lithium as an active material, a positive electrode, a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a solvent mainly comprising dioxolane and at least one solute, wherein the solvent Is a mixed solvent containing at least one selected from the group consisting of N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, acetamide and N-methylacetamide as a dioxolane polymerization inhibitor. Non-aqueous electrolyte battery.
JP60231670A 1985-10-17 1985-10-17 Non-aqueous electrolyte battery Expired - Lifetime JP2594036B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60231670A JP2594036B2 (en) 1985-10-17 1985-10-17 Non-aqueous electrolyte battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60231670A JP2594036B2 (en) 1985-10-17 1985-10-17 Non-aqueous electrolyte battery

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6290869A JPS6290869A (en) 1987-04-25
JP2594036B2 true JP2594036B2 (en) 1997-03-26

Family

ID=16927139

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60231670A Expired - Lifetime JP2594036B2 (en) 1985-10-17 1985-10-17 Non-aqueous electrolyte battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2594036B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2582893B2 (en) * 1989-03-31 1997-02-19 日立マクセル株式会社 Organic electrolyte battery
US6255021B1 (en) 1997-08-04 2001-07-03 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Lithium battery including storage stabilized dioxolane-containing electrolyte
CN113839059A (en) * 2021-09-16 2021-12-24 湖州昆仑亿恩科电池材料有限公司 Primary lithium battery and electrolyte thereof

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58111259A (en) * 1981-12-23 1983-07-02 Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd Manufacture of nonaqueous electrolyte battery
JPS6174258A (en) * 1984-09-17 1986-04-16 Hitachi Maxell Ltd Lithium organic secondary battery
JPH0630257B2 (en) * 1985-03-12 1994-04-20 日立マクセル株式会社 Organic electrolyte battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6290869A (en) 1987-04-25

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