JP2588460B2 - Halation removal device for endoscopes and electronic endoscopes - Google Patents
Halation removal device for endoscopes and electronic endoscopesInfo
- Publication number
- JP2588460B2 JP2588460B2 JP4152584A JP15258492A JP2588460B2 JP 2588460 B2 JP2588460 B2 JP 2588460B2 JP 4152584 A JP4152584 A JP 4152584A JP 15258492 A JP15258492 A JP 15258492A JP 2588460 B2 JP2588460 B2 JP 2588460B2
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- Prior art keywords
- light
- guide side
- light guide
- image
- quarter
- Prior art date
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- Color Television Image Signal Generators (AREA)
- Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は内視鏡あるいは電子内視
鏡先端部に円偏光フィルターを取り付け、フィルム画像
を鮮明に撮像可能としたものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method in which a circularly polarizing filter is attached to the end of an endoscope or an electronic endoscope so that a film image can be clearly captured.
【０００２】特に、術者が直接内視鏡のファインダーを
覗き、あるいは電子内視鏡の固体撮像素子を経由したテ
レビ映像診断する場合にフィルム画像を鮮明にしようと
するハレーション除去装置に関する。In particular, the present invention relates to a halation removal apparatus for sharpening a film image when an operator looks directly into a viewfinder of an endoscope or diagnoses a television image through a solid-state imaging device of an electronic endoscope.
【０００３】[0003]
【従来の技術とその問題点】従来内視鏡を用いて胃壁な
どのフィルム撮像を行なう場合、光源から、ライトガイ
ドファイバーを経て、胃壁などに照射される光成分は、
直線偏光、円偏光成分を含んでいる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when film imaging of a stomach wall or the like is performed using an endoscope, a light component emitted from a light source to a stomach wall via a light guide fiber is:
Includes linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light components.
【０００４】ところで、胃壁に例をとれば胃壁の表面に
は図１に示すように胃液、水の層１ａ、胃が５００μｍ
程度づつの厚さに層着している。このため、ライトガイ
ドファイバー先端部から照射した光の一部は胃壁面１ｂ
に到達するが一部は、胃液、水の層１ａが反射する。と
ころが、胃液、水の層１ａは水分が多いため、あたかも
鏡のような役目を果たす。しかし一部は胃壁面１ｂで反
射する。By the way, taking the stomach wall as an example, the surface of the stomach wall, as shown in FIG.
Layered to varying degrees of thickness. For this reason, a part of the light emitted from the light guide fiber tip is stomach wall 1b.
Is partially reflected by the gastric juice and water layer 1a. However, the gastric fluid / water layer 1a has a large amount of water, and thus acts as a mirror. However, a part is reflected on the stomach wall 1b.
【０００５】そして胃液、水の層１ａで反射した光は対
物レンズを通り、イメージガイドファイバーを経て、フ
ィルム面に感光すると、ハレーション効果を起こす。す
なわち、病巣や粘膜面に対して照射した光が、その中央
のスポット部が明るくなり過ぎ白くなり、ハレーション
となる。特に内視鏡の場合、光の照射点と被写体との距
離が１〜２ｃｍ以内であるため、上記のような鏡面の反
射が大きくハレーションの程度が大きくなる。When the light reflected by the gastric juice and water layer 1a passes through the objective lens, passes through the image guide fiber, and is exposed to the film surface, a halation effect occurs. That is, the light irradiated on the lesion or the mucous membrane surface becomes too bright and white at the central spot portion, resulting in halation. In particular, in the case of an endoscope, since the distance between the light irradiation point and the subject is within 1 to 2 cm, the reflection on the mirror surface as described above is large and the degree of halation is large.
【０００６】[0006]
【問題点を解決するための手段とその作用】本発明は上
記従来の内視鏡の問題点を解決するため、つぎのような
構成をとったものである。すなわち、入射、反射側対物
レンズ２，２ａと、ライトガイドファイバー３、イメー
ジガイドファイバー３ａあるいは固体撮像素子ＣＣＤと
の間に直線偏光板１０２、１／４波長板１０３を重ね合
わせた円偏光フィルター４，４ａを設けた内視鏡、電子
内視鏡において、ライトガイド側とイメージガイド側円
偏光フィルター４，４ａ、直線偏光板１０２，１０２ａ
の光軸のなす角度が９０゜であり、かつ、ライトガイド
側とイメージガイド側の円偏光フィルター１０３，１０
３ａの光軸のなす角度を９０゜としたものである。本発
明は上記構成を採用することにより、ハレーションのき
わめて少ない撮像画像を得ることに成功したものであ
る。Means for Solving the Problems and Their Actions The present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned conventional endoscope. That is, a circularly polarizing filter 4 in which a linear polarizing plate 102 and a quarter-wave plate 103 are overlapped between the incident and reflecting side objective lenses 2 and 2a and the light guide fiber 3, image guide fiber 3a or solid-state image sensor CCD. , 4a, the light guide side and the image guide side circular polarizing filters 4, 4a, and the linear polarizing plates 102, 102a.
Is 90 °, and the light guide side and the image guide side are circularly polarized light filters 103 and 10.
The angle formed by the optical axis of 3a is 90 °. The present invention has succeeded in obtaining a picked-up image with very little halation by employing the above configuration.
【０００７】（内視鏡の実施例の説明） 以下まず内視鏡に本発明装置を採用した場合の実施例に
ついて説明する。図３は本発明を内視鏡に用いた場合を
示す。１ｂは胃壁で、１ａはその表面の胃液、水の層で
ある。(Explanation of Embodiment of Endoscope) First, an embodiment in which the apparatus of the present invention is adopted in an endoscope will be described. FIG. 3 shows a case where the present invention is used for an endoscope. 1b is a stomach wall and 1a is a layer of gastric juice and water on its surface.
【０００８】２，２ａは入射側、反射側対物レンズ、
３，３ａはそれぞれライトガイドファイバー、イメージ
ガイドファイバー、４，４ａは対物レンズ２，２ａとラ
イトガイドファイバー３、イメージガイドファイバー３
ａとの間に設けられた円偏光フィルターである。５は内
視鏡を指す。Reference numerals 2 and 2a denote an objective lens on the incident side and a reflecting side,
Reference numerals 3 and 3a denote light guide fibers and image guide fibers, respectively, and reference numerals 4 and 4a denote objective lenses 2 and 2a and light guide fibers 3 and image guide fibers 3.
a is a circularly polarized light filter provided between the light-emitting device and a. 5 indicates an endoscope.
【０００９】そして円偏光フィルター４，４ａは図２に
示すようにマルチコーティングガラス１０１，１０１ａ
と、グレイ偏光フィルムなどの直線偏光板１０２，１０
２ａと、１／４波長板１０３，１０３ａと、ガラス１０
４，１０４ａを重ね合わせたものである。As shown in FIG. 2, the circularly polarizing filters 4 and 4a are multi-coated glass 101 and 101a.
And linear polarizing plates 102 and 10 such as a gray polarizing film.
2a, quarter-wave plates 103 and 103a, and glass 10
4,104a are superimposed.
【００１０】そしてライトガイド側とイメージガイド側
の１／４波長板１０３，１０３ａと、直線偏光板１０
２，１０２ａとの光軸は図５、図６に示すように互いに
直交している。図５はライトガイド側の直線偏光板１０
２と１／４波長板１０３の光軸を示し、図６はイメージ
ガイド側の直線偏光板１０２ａと１／４波長板１０３ａ
の光軸を示している。図７はライトガイド側とイメージ
ガイド側の円偏光フィルター４，４ａの光軸を一括して
表示してある。The quarter wave plates 103 and 103a on the light guide side and the image guide side, and the linear polarizer 10
The optical axes 2 and 102a are orthogonal to each other as shown in FIGS. FIG. 5 shows a linear polarizer 10 on the light guide side.
FIG. 6 shows the optical axes of the 2 and 1/4 wavelength plates 103. FIG. 6 shows a linear polarizer 102a and a 1/4 wavelength plate 103a on the image guide side.
3 shows the optical axis. FIG. 7 shows the optical axes of the circular polarization filters 4 and 4a on the light guide side and the image guide side collectively.
【００１１】以下その作用を図８について説明する。ラ
イトガイド側において入射光線は当初自然光で縦波、横
波を複合したものである。そしてライトガイド側の直線
偏光板１０２を通過して縦波となる。図８ではライトガ
イド側の直線偏光板１０２の光軸は縦方向としてあるか
らである。The operation will be described below with reference to FIG. On the light guide side, the incident light is initially a natural light and is a composite of longitudinal and transverse waves. Then, the light passes through the linear polarizer 102 on the light guide side and becomes a longitudinal wave. In FIG. 8, the optical axis of the linear polarizer 102 on the light guide side is in the vertical direction.
【００１２】そして１／４波長板１０３を通過すると進
行方向に対して左旋回する円偏光となって一部の光は胃
液、水の層１ａに鏡面反射する。そして鏡面反射した後
進行方向に対して右旋回する光となって戻ってくる。こ
の右旋回光はイメージガイド側の１／４波長板１０３ａ
を通過すると、縦波となり、この縦波は直線偏光板１０
２ａでカットされる。イメージガイド側の直線偏光板１
０２ａの光軸は横方向だからである。When the light passes through the quarter-wave plate 103, it becomes circularly polarized light that turns left in the traveling direction, and a part of the light is specularly reflected on the gastric juice and water layer 1a. After being specularly reflected, the light returns to the right as a light turning right in the traveling direction. This right-turning light is supplied to the quarter-wave plate 103a on the image guide side.
When passing through, a longitudinal wave is generated, and this longitudinal wave is
Cut at 2a. Linear polarizer 1 on the image guide side
This is because the optical axis of 02a is in the horizontal direction.
【００１３】これに対し胃液、水の層１ａを通過して胃
壁１ｂで反射した光は、胃壁１ｂが鏡面でなく、粗面で
あるため乱反射し、ランダムな自然光に近い光となる。
このため、イメージガイド側の１／４波長板１０３ａを
通過しても、この自然光に近い光は自然光に近い状態を
維持する。On the other hand, light reflected by the stomach wall 1b after passing through the gastric juice and water layer 1a is irregularly reflected because the stomach wall 1b is not a mirror surface but a rough surface, and becomes light close to random natural light.
Therefore, even when the light passes through the quarter-wave plate 103a on the image guide side, the light close to the natural light maintains a state close to the natural light.
【００１４】したがって、イメージガイド側の直線偏光
板１０２ａを自然光に近い状態の光のうち、横波成分だ
けが通過することになる。なぜならば、イメージガイド
側の直線偏光板１０２ａの光軸は図８のように横方向で
あるからである。そしてイメージガイド側の直線偏光板
１０２ａを通過した横波が像を結ぶことになる。Therefore, only the transverse wave component of the light near the natural light passes through the linear polarizer 102a on the image guide side. This is because the optical axis of the linear polarizer 102a on the image guide side is in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. Then, a transverse wave passing through the linear polarizer 102a on the image guide side forms an image.
【００１５】もし、前記したように胃液、水の層１ａで
反射して、イメージガイド側の１／４波長板１０３ａを
通過した縦波をカットしないとハレーションの原因とな
る。なぜならば、鏡の面にカメラを向けて撮影してみよ
う。すると、そのフィルムの撮像はハレーションで真白
になってしまう。本発明では上記のように鏡面反射した
光をカットし、胃壁１ｂで反射した自然光に近い状態の
光の横波成分を通過させるのでハレーションのない撮像
を結ぶことができる。If the longitudinal wave reflected by the gastric juice and the water layer 1a and passed through the quarter-wave plate 103a on the image guide side is not cut as described above, it causes halation. Because, let's shoot with the camera facing the mirror surface. Then, the image of the film becomes white due to halation. In the present invention, as described above, the specularly reflected light is cut, and the transverse wave component of light in a state close to natural light reflected on the stomach wall 1b is passed, so that imaging without halation can be achieved.
【００１６】（電子内視鏡の実施例の説明） 本発明は電子内視鏡に用いた場合を図８に示している。
この場合は固体撮像素子ＣＣＤ側の円偏光フィルター４
ａは対物レンズ２ａと固体撮像素子ＣＣＤの間に置かれ
る。一般の形態としては、固体撮像素子ＣＣＤに貼り付
けられる。その他の構成は内視鏡の場合と同じである。(Description of Embodiment of Electronic Endoscope) FIG. 8 shows a case where the present invention is used for an electronic endoscope.
In this case, the circular polarization filter 4 on the solid-state imaging device CCD side
a is placed between the objective lens 2a and the solid-state imaging device CCD. As a general form, it is attached to a solid-state imaging device CCD. Other configurations are the same as those of the endoscope.
【００１７】[0017]
【本発明の効果】▲ａ▼ ライトガイド側の直線偏光板
１０２，１０２ａ、１／４波長板１０３，１０３ａの光
軸のなす角度を９０゜としたので胃液、水の層で鏡面反
射した光はカットされハレーションのない撮像を得るこ
とができる。(A) Since the angle between the optical axes of the linear polarizers 102 and 102a and the quarter-wave plates 103 and 103a on the light guide side is 90 °, the light specularly reflected by the gastric juice and water layers. Can be cut to obtain an image without halation.
【００１８】▲ｂ▼ 自然光を縦波として胃壁面を照射
するので、ハレーションの原因となる鏡面反射した光成
分をイメージガイド側の直線偏光板１０２ａでカットで
きる。自然光を直接胃壁に照射すると直線偏光板では横
波成分を通過させるのでカットできない。(B) Since the stomach wall surface is irradiated with natural light as a longitudinal wave, the specularly reflected light component that causes halation can be cut by the linear polarizer 102a on the image guide side. When natural light is directly radiated to the stomach wall, it cannot be cut by a linearly polarizing plate because a transverse wave component passes through.
【００１９】[0019]
【試験例】以下本発明装置の試験例について説明する。
図１０は透過率３２％の直線偏光板と、位相差１４５ｎ
ｍ（波長５８０ｎｍの光に対して１／４の波長の位相差
を生ずるもの）の１／４波長板を用い、ライトガイド側
とイメージガイド側のそれぞれの円偏光板の光軸のなす
角度を０゜〜９０゜に変化させてその漏れ光量を測定し
たグラフである。縦軸は波長、横軸は漏れ光量、０゜、
１０゜、２０゜……９０゜は各々のカープの光軸同志の
なす角度を示す。[Test Examples] Test examples of the apparatus of the present invention will be described below.
FIG. 10 shows a linear polarizing plate having a transmittance of 32% and a phase difference of 145n.
The angle between the optical axes of the circular polarizers on the light guide side and the image guide side is determined by using a quarter-wave plate of m (a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength with respect to the light of 580 nm wavelength). It is the graph which measured the amount of leaked light by changing to 0 degree-90 degree. The vertical axis is wavelength, the horizontal axis is the amount of leaked light, 0 °,
... 90 ° indicate the angles formed by the optical axes of the respective carps.
【００２０】図１０は波長７００〜３５０ｎｍの範囲で
測定されており、可視光線の範囲となっている。図１０
によればライトガイド側とイメージガイド側のそれぞれ
の円偏光板の光軸のなす角度が９０゜の場合において、
漏れ光がほとんど無くなり、ハレーションのない、鮮明
な映像が得られることが別る。FIG. 10 shows the measurement in the wavelength range of 700 to 350 nm, which corresponds to the range of visible light. FIG.
According to the above, when the angle between the optical axes of the respective circularly polarizing plates on the light guide side and the image guide side is 90 °,
It is clear that leaked light is almost eliminated, and clear images without halation can be obtained.
【００２１】図１１は偏光板を変えずに位相差１４０ｎ
ｍの１／４波長板を、図１２も偏光板を変えずに位相差
１５０ｎｍの１／４波長板を用いた場合を示している。
図１１、図１２の場合も同様本発明装置によりハレーシ
ョンのない鮮明な映像が得られることを示している。FIG. 11 shows a phase difference of 140 n without changing the polarizing plate.
FIG. 12 shows a case where a 偏光 wavelength plate having a phase difference of 150 nm is used without changing the polarizing plate.
11 and 12 also show that a clear image without halation can be obtained by the device of the present invention.
【図１】胃壁の一部断面図、FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a stomach wall,
【図２】本発明装置のスケルトン図、FIG. 2 is a skeleton diagram of the device of the present invention,
【図３】同じく要部見取図、FIG. 3 is a sketch of the main part,
【図４】直線偏光板１０２，１０２ａと１／４波長板１
０３，１０３ａの作用説明図で光の進行方向に対して左
円偏光とした場合を示す。FIG. 4 shows linear polarizing plates 102 and 102a and a quarter-wave plate 1
03, 103a shows a case where left-handed circularly polarized light is applied to the traveling direction of light.
【図５】ライトガイド側の直線偏光板１０２と１／４波
長板１０３の光軸の方向を示す。FIG. 5 shows the directions of the optical axes of a linear polarizer 102 and a quarter-wave plate 103 on the light guide side.
【図６】同じくイメージガイド側の光軸の方向を示す。FIG. 6 also shows the direction of the optical axis on the image guide side.
【図７】ライトガイド側とイメージ側の光軸を一括して
示す。FIG. 7 shows the optical axes on the light guide side and the image side collectively.
【図８】本発明の作用説明図、FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the present invention;
【図９】電子内視鏡の場合の見取図、FIG. 9 is a sketch in the case of an electronic endoscope,
【図１０】位相差１４５ｎｍの１／４波長板の光軸の角
度を０゜〜９０゜に設定した場合の漏れ光の量を示すグ
ラフ。FIG. 10 is a graph showing the amount of leaked light when the angle of the optical axis of a 波長 wavelength plate having a phase difference of 145 nm is set to 0 ° to 90 °.
【図１１】同じく位相差１４０ｎｍの１／４波長板を用
いた場合の漏れ光の量を示すグラフ。FIG. 11 is a graph showing the amount of leaked light when a 波長 wavelength plate having a phase difference of 140 nm is used.
１：胃、１ａ：胃液、水の層、１ｂ：胃壁、２，２ａ：
入射側、反射側対物レンズ、３，３ａ：ライトガイドフ
ァイバー、イメージガイドファイバー、４，４ａ：入射
側、反射側円偏光フィルター、１０１：マルチコーティ
ングガラス、１０２，１０２ａ：直線偏光板、１０３，
１０３ａ：１／４波長板、１０４：ガラス、５：内視
鏡。1: stomach, 1a: gastric juice, water layer, 1b: stomach wall, 2, 2a:
Incidence side, reflection side objective lens, 3, 3a: light guide fiber, image guide fiber, 4, 4a: incidence side, reflection side circular polarizing filter, 101: multi-coated glass, 102, 102a: linear polarizing plate, 103,
103a: 1/4 wavelength plate, 104: glass, 5: endoscope.
Claims (2)
ドファイバー３、イメージガイドファイバー３ａとの間
に直線偏光板１０２，１０２ａ、１／４波長板１０３，
１０３ａを重ね合わせた円偏光フィルター４，４ａを取
り付けた内視鏡において、 ライトガイド側とイメージガイド側の１／４波長板１０
３，１０３ａの光軸のなす角度が９０゜であり、かつ、
ライトガイド側とイメージガイド側の直線偏光板１０
２，１０２ａの光軸のなす角度が９０゜であるハレーシ
ョン除去装置。1. A linear polarizing plate (102, 102a), a quarter-wave plate (103), between an incidence / reflection side objective lens, a light guide fiber (3) and an image guide fiber (3a).
In an endoscope provided with circularly polarizing filters 4 and 4a on which 103a is superimposed, a quarter-wave plate 10 on the light guide side and the image guide side is provided.
The angle between the optical axes of 3,103a is 90 °, and
Linear polarizer 10 on light guide side and image guide side
A halation removing device in which the angle between the optical axes of 2,102a is 90 °.
子（ＣＣＤ）との間に円偏光フィルター４，４ａを、設
けた電子内視鏡において、 ライトガイド側と固体撮像素子側の直線偏光板１０２，
１０２ａの光軸のなす角度が９０゜であり、かつ、ライ
トガイド側と固体撮像素子側の１／４波長板１０３，１
０３ａの光軸のなす角度が９０゜である、ハレーション
除去装置。2. An electronic endoscope in which circular polarization filters 4, 4a are provided between a light guide fiber 3 and a solid-state imaging device (CCD).
The angle formed by the optical axis of 102a is 90 °, and the quarter-wave plates 103, 1 on the light guide side and the solid-state image sensor side.
A halation removal device, wherein the angle formed by the optical axis of 03a is 90 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4152584A JP2588460B2 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1992-04-28 | Halation removal device for endoscopes and electronic endoscopes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4152584A JP2588460B2 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1992-04-28 | Halation removal device for endoscopes and electronic endoscopes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05307144A JPH05307144A (en) | 1993-11-19 |
| JP2588460B2 true JP2588460B2 (en) | 1997-03-05 |
Family
ID=15543660
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4152584A Expired - Lifetime JP2588460B2 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1992-04-28 | Halation removal device for endoscopes and electronic endoscopes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2588460B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014057855A1 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2014-04-17 | オリンパスメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | Endoscope device and degradation detection method of polarizing element of endoscope |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL115291A0 (en) * | 1994-09-15 | 1995-12-31 | Gabriel Med Inc | Method and apparatus for transillumination of body members |
| US8235887B2 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2012-08-07 | Avantis Medical Systems, Inc. | Endoscope assembly with retroscope |
| US8872906B2 (en) | 2005-01-05 | 2014-10-28 | Avantis Medical Systems, Inc. | Endoscope assembly with a polarizing filter |
| JP5502329B2 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2014-05-28 | アヴァンティス メディカル システムズ インコーポレイテッド | Endoscope assembly with polarizing filter |
| JP5148071B2 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2013-02-20 | オリンパスメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | Endoscope observation device |
| US8064666B2 (en) | 2007-04-10 | 2011-11-22 | Avantis Medical Systems, Inc. | Method and device for examining or imaging an interior surface of a cavity |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60111216A (en) * | 1983-11-18 | 1985-06-17 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Endoscope device equipped with control means for quantity of incident light |
| JPH02309311A (en) * | 1989-05-25 | 1990-12-25 | Bikoudou:Kk | Reflection eliminating device for endoscope |
| JPH03206412A (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1991-09-09 | Bikoudou:Kk | Halation removing device for endoscope and electronic endoscope |
-
1992
- 1992-04-28 JP JP4152584A patent/JP2588460B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014057855A1 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2014-04-17 | オリンパスメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | Endoscope device and degradation detection method of polarizing element of endoscope |
| US8937652B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2015-01-20 | Olympus Medical Systems Corp. | Endoscope apparatus and deterioration detection method of polarization element of endoscope |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05307144A (en) | 1993-11-19 |
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