JP2561865B2 - Method of monitoring the net width of a trawl net - Google Patents
Method of monitoring the net width of a trawl netInfo
- Publication number
- JP2561865B2 JP2561865B2 JP1339157A JP33915789A JP2561865B2 JP 2561865 B2 JP2561865 B2 JP 2561865B2 JP 1339157 A JP1339157 A JP 1339157A JP 33915789 A JP33915789 A JP 33915789A JP 2561865 B2 JP2561865 B2 JP 2561865B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- net
- trawl
- circuit
- width
- detection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明はトロールネットの網口幅監視方法に関するも
のである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for monitoring a net opening width of a trawl net.
(従来技術とその問題点) トロール漁においては、トロールネットを含む海中の
状況を次の方法により常時監視し、これにより曳網の位
置変更などを行って漁獲の効率を高めたり、トロールネ
ットの損害を防止するなどを図ることが行われている。
即ち第1図のようにトロールネット(1)の網口(1a)
の近辺の例えば上部に上方向探知用の送受波器(2)と
下方向探知用の送受波器(3)を設けて順次超音波を発
射し、そのそれぞれ受波信号をトロールネット側の情報
伝送用送波器(4)とトロールネット(1)を曳く船
(5)の底部に設けた情報伝送用受波器(6)間を超音
波信号で伝送し船(5)側の記録器に第2図のように海
面S,海底B,オッタボート(7)を介して船により曳かれ
るヘットロップHR、グラントロープGRの像及び魚群像
F1,F2入網した魚群像F3,F4などの像を記録し、これによ
りトロールネットの上部を通過する魚群の状況や海面ま
での距離、網口の高さや入網魚及び海底からの離底距離
などを知り、トロールネットの効果的な曳航、トロール
ネットの海底岩礁などへ引掛かりの防止などを図ること
が行われている。(Prior art and its problems) In trawl fishing, the underwater conditions including trawl nets are constantly monitored by the following methods to improve the efficiency of catching by changing the position of the towing nets or damage to the trawl nets. It is being carried out to prevent such problems.
That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the net mouth (1a) of the trawl net (1)
A transducer (2) for upward detection and a transducer (3) for downward detection are provided near, for example, in the upper part to sequentially emit ultrasonic waves, and the received signals are transmitted to the trawlnet side. Recorder on the side of the ship (5) that transmits an ultrasonic signal between the wave transmitter (4) for transmission and the wave receiver (6) for information transmission provided at the bottom of the ship (5) tow the trawl net (1). As shown in Fig. 2, the sea surface S, the seabed B, the Hettrop HR, which is towed by the boat via the Ottaboat (7), the image of the Grant Rope GR, and the fish school image.
F 1 and F 2 The image of fish that has entered the net, such as F 3 and F 4 , is recorded, and the condition of the fish passing through the upper part of the trawl net, the distance to the sea surface, the height of the net mouth, the net fish and the seabed are recorded. By knowing the bottom clearance distance from the ship, effective towing of the trawl net and prevention of catching on the seabed reef of the trawl net are being carried out.
しかし最近では従来の着底トロールに代って中層トロ
ールが中心となりつつあり、これに伴い使用されるトロ
ールネットも海底トロールに比べて網口の著しく大きい
ものが使用されるため、海中において曳かれたとき網が
不安定になって網口幅が狭くなり漁労の効率の低下を招
くことが多い。このため中層トロールの増加と共に網口
幅を常に監視し、最大効率の曳網ができるようにしたい
との要望が強くなっている。Recently, however, middle-class trawls are becoming the mainstream in place of conventional bottom trawls, and the trawl nets used with these trawl nets have significantly larger net openings than seabed trawls, so they are towed underwater. In many cases, the net becomes unstable and the net width becomes narrow, resulting in a decrease in fishing efficiency. For this reason, as the number of mid-layer trawls increases, there is a strong demand to constantly monitor the width of the net mouth so as to achieve the maximum efficiency of the towing net.
(発明の目的) 本発明は従来の上下方向の探知のみならず網口幅をも
同時に知ることができるようにして上記の要望に応えた
ものである。(Object of the Invention) The present invention meets the above-mentioned demand by enabling not only the conventional detection in the vertical direction but also the width of the mesh opening to be known at the same time.
(問題点を解決するための本発明の手段) 本発明の特徴とするところは次の点にある。例えば網
口の正面図と上面図を示す第3図(a)(b)のように
トロールネットの例えば正方形の網口(1a)の上辺中央
点Aに、それぞれの指向性主軸M1,M2が最大幅時におけ
る網口(1a)の左辺中央点Bと、右辺中央点Cに一致す
るように、左斜め下方向探知用送受波器(8)と、右斜
め下探知用送受波器(9)とを設けて、第4図のように
それぞれ超音波SA,SBを時間をおいて発射する。そして
第4図のように網口(1a)の左端及び右端からの反射波
RA,RBを受波することにより、送波より受波までの時間t
1,t2を計測し、これから第3図(a)のように最大幅時
における網口(1a)の中心点Dと左右中心点B,C間の距
離WL,WRを求めるようにしたものである。(Means of the Present Invention for Solving Problems) The features of the present invention are as follows. For example, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) showing a front view and a top view of the mesh openings, at the center point A of the upper side of the square mesh openings (1a) of the trawl net, the respective directional axes M 1 , M 2 is a left side middle point B of the net mouth at the maximum width (1a), to match the right-hand side the center point C, lower left direction finding for transducer (8), lower right detector for transducer (9) is provided, and ultrasonic waves S A and S B are emitted at a time interval as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in Fig. 4, reflected waves from the left and right ends of the mesh opening (1a)
By receiving R A and R B , the time from transmission to reception t
1 and t 2 are measured, and the distances W L and W R between the center point D of the net mouth (1a) and the left and right center points B and C at the maximum width are obtained from this as shown in FIG. 3 (a). It was done.
即ち上記の例では網口は正方形であるので、送受波器
(8)と(9)のなす角θは90度である。従って距離
WL,WRは海中における音波の伝播速度を一定とした場合
次式から を求められ、その和WL+WRから網口幅WNを求めうる。That is, in the above example, since the mesh opening is square, the angle θ formed by the transducers (8) and (9) is 90 degrees. Therefore the distance
W L and W R are given by the following equation when the propagation velocity of sound waves in the sea is constant. And the net width W N can be calculated from the sum W L + W R.
従って例えば送受波器(8)と(9)のそれぞれの送
波信号と受波信号とを、伝送用の送波器と受波器により
船側に伝送してWLとWRを求めて表示すれば、WL=WRの時
第5図(a)のように左右のバランスよく網口が拡がっ
た最良の曳網状態であることが判る。またWL≠WRのとき
は例えば第5図(b)のようにアンバランスな曳網によ
り斜となって網口が狭くなっていることを示すことから
表示がWL=WRになるように2本の曳きロープのうちの1
本の長さの変更や曳網方向の調整を行ってトロールネッ
トを常に最良の状態で曳網でき、前期の要望に応えるこ
とができる。Therefore, for example, the transmission signal and the reception signal of each of the transmitters / receivers (8) and (9) are transmitted to the ship side by the transmitter and receiver for transmission, and W L and W R are obtained and displayed. Then, it can be seen that when W L = W R , it is the best towed state in which the mesh openings are spread out in a well-balanced manner as shown in FIG. 5 (a). Further, when W L ≠ W R , for example, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), it is shown that the net mouth becomes narrow due to the unbalanced hauling net, so that the display becomes W L = W R. One of two tow ropes
By changing the length of the book and adjusting the direction of the towing net, the trawl net can always be towed in the best condition, and can meet the demand of the previous term.
なお例えば斜め下方向の送受波器の広指向性の場合に
は、第6図(a)のように点B,Cを測定する代りにB′,
C′点を測定するので正しい値が得られなくなる。これ
に対して前後方向の指向性が(第6図(b)の紙面と直
角な方向)シャープすぎると第5図(b)のようにアン
バランスで曳かれたとき網口のZ1,Z2点の探知が不可能
になりZ3点の探知ができなくなる。従って送受波器の指
向性は斜め方向<前後方向とするのが良い。For example, in the case of wide directivity of the transducer in the diagonal downward direction, instead of measuring points B and C as shown in FIG. 6 (a), B ',
Since the C'point is measured, the correct value cannot be obtained. In contrast directivity front and rear Z 1, of the net mouth when it is drawn unbalanced as in (FIG. 6 (b) paper and perpendicular to the direction of) the too sharp FIG. 5 (b) Z 2 points cannot be detected and Z 3 points cannot be detected. Therefore, the directivity of the wave transmitter / receiver is preferably diagonal direction <front-back direction.
(実施例) 第7図は上方向探知と下方向探知によるトロールネッ
トの状態監視の外に、網口幅の探知を知ることができる
ようにした本発明の一実施例回路図である。図において
(2)は、上方向探知用送受波器、(3)は下方向探知
用送受波器、(8)は左斜め下方向探知用送受波器、
(9)は右斜め下方向探知用送受波器、(10)は切換
器、(11)は送信回路、(12)はタイミング信号発生回
路、(13)は受信回路、(14)は変調回路、(15)は伝
送出力回路、(4)は情報伝送用送波器であって、これ
らのうち上下方向探知用送受波器(2),(3)と左右
斜め送波器(8)(9)は例えば第8図(a)(b)の
ように所定の位置を保うように水密ケース(16)の周面
に配置され、また情報伝送用送波器(4)は水密ケース
(16)の一端面に配置される。またこれ以外の回路装置
は水密ケース(16)内に設けられ、この水密ケース(1
6)は情報伝送用送波器(4)の送波面が後記する船側
の情報伝送用受波器(6)の受波面に対向するように、
例えば前記第1図のように網口(1a)の上部中心に固定
されて、第8図(c)のように超音波S1,S2,S3,S4を送
波し、エコーを受波する。(Embodiment) FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which the detection of the width of the net opening can be known in addition to the state monitoring of the trawl net by the upward detection and the downward detection. In the figure, (2) is a transducer for upward detection, (3) is a transducer for downward detection, (8) is a transducer for diagonally downward left detection,
(9) is a transducer for detecting a diagonally downward right direction, (10) is a switch, (11) is a transmitting circuit, (12) is a timing signal generating circuit, (13) is a receiving circuit, and (14) is a modulating circuit. , (15) is a transmission output circuit, and (4) is an information transmission wave transmitter, of which the up and down direction detection wave transmitters and receivers (2) and (3) and the left and right oblique wave transmitter (8) ( 9) is arranged on the peripheral surface of the watertight case (16) so as to maintain a predetermined position as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), and the information transmission wave transmitter (4) is attached to the watertight case ( It is placed on one end face of 16). Further, other circuit devices are provided in the watertight case (16), and the watertight case (1
6) is such that the wave-transmitting surface of the information-transmitting wave transmitter (4) faces the wave-receiving surface of the ship-side information-transmitting wave receiver (6) described later.
For example, as shown in FIG. 1 above, it is fixed to the center of the upper part of the net mouth (1a), and ultrasonic waves S 1 , S 2 , S 3 and S 4 are transmitted as shown in FIG. Receive the wave.
次に第7図において(6)は船底に設けた情報伝送用
受波器、(17)は受信回路、(18)は復調回路、(19)
は増幅回路、(20)は例えばペン掃引型記録装置、(2
1)はアナログ・ディジタル変換器、(22)は網口幅演
算回路、(23)は表示器である。次にその動作を第7図
〜第9図を参照して説明する。Next, in FIG. 7, (6) is a receiver for information transmission provided on the bottom of the ship, (17) is a receiving circuit, (18) is a demodulating circuit, and (19).
Is an amplifier circuit, (20) is, for example, a pen sweep recording device, (2
1) is an analog-to-digital converter, (22) is a mesh width calculation circuit, and (23) is a display. Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9.
タイミング信号発生回路(12)は第9図(a)のよう
に等間隔で4箇のタイミングパルスを発生してこれによ
り切換器(10)を接点aからdまで切換える。一方送信
回路(11)はタイミング信号発生回路(12)からのタイ
ミングパルスにより制御されて切換器(10)の接点a→
b→c→dの順序で第9図(b)のように切換え、また
切換に同期して駆動信号を上方向探知用送受波器
(2)、下方向探知用送受波器(3)、左斜め下方向探
知用送受波器(8)及び右斜め下方向探知用送受波器
(9)に順次加える。そして第8図(c)のように先ず
送受波器(2)により超音波S1を上方向に発射させて海
面Sよりの反射波RS魚群F1から反射波SF1を受波し、次
に送受波器(3)により下方に超音波S2を発射させて、
これによる海底Bからの反射波RB、グランドロープGRか
らの反射波SGR、魚群F2などの反射波SF2を受波する。更
に送受波器(8)により左斜め下方向に超音波S3を発射
させて網口の左端からの反射波RNLを受渡し、送受波器
(9)により右斜め下方向に超音波S4を発射させて網口
右端からの反射波RNRを受波する。そしてそれぞれの出
力信号を切換器(10)の接点a,b,c,dを介して受信回路
(13)に加えて第9図(d)のように検波増幅したの
ち、変調回路(14)に加えて変調し伝送回路(15)を介
して情報伝送用送波器(4)より送波する。The timing signal generating circuit (12) generates four timing pulses at equal intervals as shown in FIG. 9 (a) to switch the switch (10) from the contacts a to d. On the other hand, the transmission circuit (11) is controlled by the timing pulse from the timing signal generation circuit (12), and the contact a of the switching device (10) →
Switching is performed in the order of b → c → d as shown in FIG. 9 (b), and in synchronization with the switching, the drive signal is transmitted / received by the upward detection transducer (2), the downward detection transducer (3), The transducers (8) for detecting the left oblique downward direction and the transducers (9) for detecting the oblique downward right direction are sequentially added. Then, as shown in FIG. 8 (c), first, the ultrasonic wave S 1 is emitted upward by the wave transmitter / receiver (2) to receive the reflected wave S F1 from the reflected wave R S fish school F 1 from the sea surface S, Next, the ultrasonic wave S 2 is emitted downward by the transducer (3),
Reflected waves from the seabed B according to this R B, reflected waves S GR from the ground rope G R, which receives a reflected wave S F2 such as fish F 2. Further, the transducer (8) emits an ultrasonic wave S 3 in the diagonally downward left direction to deliver the reflected wave R NL from the left end of the net mouth, and the transducer (9) causes an ultrasonic wave S 4 in the diagonally downward right direction. To receive the reflected wave R NR from the right end of the net mouth. Then, the respective output signals are applied to the receiving circuit (13) via the contacts a, b, c, d of the switch (10) and are detected and amplified as shown in FIG. 9 (d), and then the modulation circuit (14). In addition, the signal is modulated and transmitted from the information transmission wave transmitter (4) through the transmission circuit (15).
船側の情報伝送用受波器(6)は受波した信号を復調
回路(18)により復調したのち、同期をとって記録装置
(20)に加えて記録を行う。The information transmitting wave receiver (6) on the ship side demodulates the received signal by the demodulation circuit (18), and thereafter, in synchronization with the recording device (20), performs recording.
一方復調された信号はアナログ・ディジタル変換器
(21)によりディジタル化されたのち演算回路(22)に
入力され、ここで前記(1)(2)式の演算が行われ
て、前記第3図のように網口(1a)の中心から左端まで
距離WLと右端までの距離WRとが求められ、この結果は表
示器(23)により表示される。On the other hand, the demodulated signal is digitized by the analog-digital converter (21) and then input to the arithmetic circuit (22), where the arithmetic operations of the equations (1) and (2) are performed, and the operation shown in FIG. As described above, the distance W L from the center of the mesh opening (1a) to the left end and the distance W R to the right end are obtained, and the result is displayed by the display (23).
(発明の効果) 以上のように本発明によれば上下方向の探知に加えて
網口幅を知ることが可能となるので、中層トロールにお
いて最も効果的な曳網状態のものに曳網することができ
るので、効率的なトロール漁を実施できる。(Effect of the invention) As described above, according to the present invention, since it is possible to detect the net opening width in addition to the detection in the vertical direction, it is possible to draw the net in the most effective state of the mid-layer trawl. Therefore, efficient trawl fishing can be implemented.
第1図,第2図は従来方法の説明図、第3図,第4図,
第5図及び第6図は本発明の説明図、第7図,第8図,
第9図は本発明の一実施例の説明図である。 (1)……トロールネット、(1a)……網口、(2)…
…上方向探知用送受波器、(3)……下方向探知用送受
波器、(4)……情報伝送用送波器、(5)……船、
(6)……情報伝送用受波器、(7)……オッタボー
ド、(8)……左斜め下方向探知用送受波器、(9)…
…右斜め下方向探知用送受波器、(10)……切換器、
(11)……送信回路、(12)……タイミング信号発生回
路、(13)……受信回路、(14)……変調回路、(15)
……伝送回路、(16)……水密ケース、(17)……受信
回路、(18)……復調回路、(19)……増幅及び同期検
出回路、(20)……同期掃引型記録装置、(21)……ア
ナログ・ディジタル変換器、(22)……網口幅演算回
路、(23)……表示器。1 and 2 are explanatory views of the conventional method, FIG. 3, FIG.
5 and 6 are explanatory views of the present invention, FIG. 7, FIG.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. (1) …… Troll net, (1a) …… Net mouth, (2)…
… Transceiver for upward detection, (3) …… Transceiver for downward detection, (4) …… Transmitter for information transmission, (5) …… Ship,
(6) ... Transceiver for information transmission, (7) ... Otta board, (8) ... Transceiver for diagonally downward left direction, (9) ...
… Transceiver for diagonally downward right detection, (10) …… Switcher,
(11) …… Transmitting circuit, (12) …… Timing signal generating circuit, (13) …… Receiving circuit, (14) …… Modulating circuit, (15)
...... Transmission circuit, (16) …… Watertight case, (17) …… Reception circuit, (18) …… Demodulation circuit, (19) …… Amplification and synchronization detection circuit, (20) …… Synchronous sweep type recording device , (21) …… Analog / digital converter, (22) …… Net mouth width calculation circuit, (23) …… Display.
Claims (2)
中央に、指向性主軸が網口の左端及び右端の最大幅点を
通る左及び右斜方向探知用送受波器を設け、そのそれぞ
れの送波より受波までの時間から、網口の拡がり状態を
知るようにしたことを特徴とするトロールネットの網口
監視方式。1. A transducer for left and right oblique direction detection is provided in the center of the upper or lower part of the net mouth of a trawl net, and a directional main axis passes through the maximum width points of the left end and the right end of the net mouth, and the respective transducers for oblique direction detection. A method for monitoring the net mouth of a trawl net, characterized in that the spread state of the net mouth is known from the time from transmission to reception.
め方向探知用送受波器の指向性を斜め方向より前後方向
において、広くしたことを特徴とするトロールネットの
網口幅監視方法。2. A method for monitoring a net mouth width of a trawl net according to claim 1, wherein the directivity of the left and right diagonal direction detecting transducers is wider in the front-back direction than in the diagonal direction. .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1339157A JP2561865B2 (en) | 1989-12-27 | 1989-12-27 | Method of monitoring the net width of a trawl net |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1339157A JP2561865B2 (en) | 1989-12-27 | 1989-12-27 | Method of monitoring the net width of a trawl net |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH03198731A JPH03198731A (en) | 1991-08-29 |
JP2561865B2 true JP2561865B2 (en) | 1996-12-11 |
Family
ID=18324781
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP1339157A Expired - Lifetime JP2561865B2 (en) | 1989-12-27 | 1989-12-27 | Method of monitoring the net width of a trawl net |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2561865B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4848898B2 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2011-12-28 | 国立大学法人東京海洋大学 | Troll net layered collection device |
US20150272094A1 (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2015-10-01 | Lawrence Ahlfert Pearlman | "Smart" Semi-Autonomous Trawler Fishing Net |
NO343896B1 (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2019-07-01 | Eco Trawl As | Trawling arrangement |
-
1989
- 1989-12-27 JP JP1339157A patent/JP2561865B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH03198731A (en) | 1991-08-29 |
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