JP2551783B2 - Electrophoretic display device - Google Patents

Electrophoretic display device

Info

Publication number
JP2551783B2
JP2551783B2 JP62244679A JP24467987A JP2551783B2 JP 2551783 B2 JP2551783 B2 JP 2551783B2 JP 62244679 A JP62244679 A JP 62244679A JP 24467987 A JP24467987 A JP 24467987A JP 2551783 B2 JP2551783 B2 JP 2551783B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
dispersion system
display device
dispersion
electrophoretic
microcapsules
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP62244679A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6486116A (en
Inventor
修 井上
昭 多田隈
高志 森
尚之 舞田
Original Assignee
エヌオーケー株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by エヌオーケー株式会社 filed Critical エヌオーケー株式会社
Priority to JP62244679A priority Critical patent/JP2551783B2/en
Publication of JPS6486116A publication Critical patent/JPS6486116A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2551783B2 publication Critical patent/JP2551783B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/16757—Microcapsules

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 「産業上の利用分野」 本発明は、電気泳動粒子を利用した表示装置に関し、
更に詳細に云えば、分散媒中に電気泳動粒子を分散させ
た分散系をマイクロカプセルに個々に封入し、これらの
マイクロカプセルを電極板間に配装するようにした電気
泳動表示装置に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a display device using electrophoretic particles,
More specifically, the present invention relates to an electrophoretic display device in which a dispersion system in which electrophoretic particles are dispersed in a dispersion medium is individually encapsulated in microcapsules, and these microcapsules are arranged between electrode plates.

「従来技術とその問題点」 電気泳動粒子を使用したこの種の電気泳動表示装置
は、少なくとも一方が透明な対向配置した一組の電極板
間に液体分散媒に電気泳動粒子を分散させた分散系を封
入し、上記電極板の極性に応じて分散媒中の電気泳動粒
子を透明電極板側に吸着又は離反させるように該極性を
制御することにより、所望の文字、記号或いは図形等を
表示できるように構成されている。分散系に使用される
液体分散媒には、アルコール系溶媒、各種エステル類、
脂肪族炭化水素、脂環式炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素、ハ
ロゲン化炭化水素又はその他の種々の油等を単独又は適
宜混合したものに界面活性剤などを適量添加したものを
使用できる。また、電気泳動粒子としては、酸化チタ
ン、カーボンブラック、紺青又はフタロシアニングリー
ン等が一般的なものとして知られている。"Prior art and its problems" This type of electrophoretic display device using electrophoretic particles is a dispersion in which electrophoretic particles are dispersed in a liquid dispersion medium between a pair of electrode plates at least one of which is transparent. A desired character, symbol, or figure is displayed by enclosing the system and controlling the polarity so that the electrophoretic particles in the dispersion medium are adsorbed or separated from the transparent electrode plate side according to the polarity of the electrode plate. It is configured to be able to. The liquid dispersion medium used in the dispersion system includes alcohol solvents, various esters,
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, various other oils and the like may be used singly or in a suitable mixture with addition of a suitable amount of a surfactant and the like. Further, as the electrophoretic particles, titanium oxide, carbon black, dark blue, phthalocyanine green, etc. are generally known.

第２図は、斯かる電気泳動表示装置の概念的な要部断
面構成図を示し、１及び２はガラス板等の透明部材とそ
の一方面に所要のパターンで形成された透明電極であっ
て、対向配置されたこれらの一組の透明電極２の間に
は、電気泳動粒子を含む分散系10を封入してある。ここ
で、分散系10を単に両電極２間に封入する構造では、電
気泳動粒子の凝集や付着現象によって表示ムラを発生す
る恐れがあるので、このような事態を防止できる手段と
して、両電極２間に第３図の如き適宜形状の透孔9Aを多
数形成したメッシュ状或いは多孔質状の有孔性スペーサ
９を配置することにより、分散系10を不連続に分割し、
以って表示動作の安定化を図るようにした構造も知られ
ている。FIG. 2 is a conceptual cross-sectional configuration diagram of a main part of such an electrophoretic display device, wherein 1 and 2 are a transparent member such as a glass plate and a transparent electrode formed on one surface thereof with a required pattern. A dispersion system 10 containing electrophoretic particles is enclosed between the pair of transparent electrodes 2 arranged so as to face each other. Here, in the structure in which the dispersion system 10 is simply enclosed between both electrodes 2, display unevenness may occur due to aggregation or adhesion phenomenon of electrophoretic particles. Therefore, as a means for preventing such a situation, both electrodes 2 Dispersing the dispersion system 10 discontinuously by disposing a mesh-like or porous porous spacer 9 having a large number of through holes 9A having an appropriate shape as shown in FIG.
Therefore, a structure for stabilizing the display operation is also known.

有孔性スペーサ９を備える電気泳動表示装置では、両
透明電極２間に該有孔性スペーサ９を介装した後、この
有孔性スペーサ９に形成された多数の各透孔9Aに分散系
10を封入するものであるが、これら多数の各透孔9Aに対
する分散系10の一様な封入処理は極めて困難である。そ
こで、一方の透明電極２に有孔性スペーサ９を形成した
後、各透孔9Aに分散系10を滴下又は塗布したうえ、他方
の透明電極２を配置して封止するという手法も考慮でき
るが、分散系10に一般的に用いられる分散媒は気化し易
い為、このような手法では分散系10の特性が変化して再
現性を確保することが困難であるという問題がある。In the electrophoretic display device including the porous spacer 9, the porous spacer 9 is interposed between the transparent electrodes 2 and then dispersed through the large number of through holes 9A formed in the porous spacer 9.
Although 10 is enclosed, it is extremely difficult to uniformly enclose the dispersion system 10 in each of these many through holes 9A. Therefore, it is possible to consider a method in which the porous spacer 9 is formed on one transparent electrode 2 and then the dispersion system 10 is dropped or applied to each through hole 9A, and the other transparent electrode 2 is arranged and sealed. However, since the dispersion medium generally used in the dispersion system 10 is easily vaporized, there is a problem that the characteristics of the dispersion system 10 are changed and it is difficult to ensure reproducibility by such a method.

「発明の目的及び構成」 本発明は、上記のような有孔性スペーサなどを使用す
ることなく、分散系を予めマイクロカプセル化する手法
を採用することによって、透明電極間に封入した分散系
に関連する上記の如き種々の問題点を好適に解消し、分
散系封入処理の容易化と任意なカラー表示等を含む良好
な電気泳動表示動作を確実に達成可能な電気泳動表示装
置を提供するものである。“Object and Structure of the Invention” The present invention provides a dispersion system enclosed between transparent electrodes by adopting a method of pre-encapsulating the dispersion system without using a porous spacer as described above. To provide an electrophoretic display device capable of suitably solving the above-mentioned various problems and facilitating dispersion system encapsulation processing and surely achieving a good electrophoretic display operation including arbitrary color display and the like. Is.

このような目的を達成する為に、本発明に係る電気泳
動表示装置では、少なくとも一方が透明な一組の対向電
極板間に電気泳動粒子を含む分散系を封入し、該電極間
に印加した表示制御用電圧の作用下に分散系内の電気泳
動粒子の分布状態を変えることによって光学的反射特性
に変化を与えて所要の表示動作を行わせる電気泳動表示
装置に於いて、着色した分散媒中に該分散媒と光学的特
性の異なる少なくとも一種類の電気泳動粒子を分散させ
た分散系を封入した多数のマイクロカプセルを形成し、
これらのマイクロカプセルを上記電極板間に配装するよ
うに構成したものでり、ここで、上記分散系及びマイク
ロカプセルの膜の体積抵抗率は実質上同等に形成するの
が好適である。In order to achieve such an object, in the electrophoretic display device according to the present invention, a dispersion system containing electrophoretic particles is sealed between a pair of transparent opposite electrode plates, at least one of which is applied between the electrodes. In an electrophoretic display device in which a distribution state of electrophoretic particles in a dispersion system is changed under the action of a display control voltage to change optical reflection characteristics to perform a desired display operation, a colored dispersion medium is used. Forming a large number of microcapsules enclosing a dispersion system in which at least one kind of electrophoretic particles having different optical characteristics from the dispersion medium are dispersed,
These microcapsules are arranged between the electrode plates, and it is preferable that the dispersion system and the film of the microcapsules have substantially the same volume resistivity.

「実 施 例」 以下、第１図に示す一実施例を参照しながら本発明を
更に詳細に説明する。同図に於いて、一組のガラス板等
からなる透明部材１の対向面に各々形成された透明電極
２の間には、電気泳動粒子４を分散媒中に分散させた分
散系５を予めマイクロカプセル化手法で個々に封入した
多数のマイクロカプセル３を配装するように構成してあ
る。ここで、マイクロカプセル３に封入すべき分散系５
の電気泳動粒子４としては、周知のコロイド粒子のほ
か、種々の有機・無機質顔料、染料、金属粉、ガラス或
いは樹脂等の微粉末などを適宜使用できる。また、分散
系５の分散媒には、水、アルコール類、炭化水素、ハロ
ゲン化炭化水素等のほか、天然又は合成の各種の油など
を使用できる。このような分散系５中には、必要に応じ
て、電解質や界面活性剤、金属石けん、樹脂、ゴム、
油、ワニス、コンパウンドなどの粒子からなる荷電制御
剤に加えて分散剤、潤滑剤、安定化剤等を添加できる。
更に、電気泳動を行なう泳動粒子４の荷電を正又は負に
統一したり、ゼータ電位を高める手段や分散を均一安定
化することの他、電気泳動粒子４の透明電極２に対する
吸着性や分散媒の粘度等の調整を適宜行うことが出来
る。[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to an example shown in FIG. In the figure, a dispersion system 5 in which electrophoretic particles 4 are dispersed in a dispersion medium is preliminarily provided between transparent electrodes 2 formed on opposite surfaces of a transparent member 1 made of a pair of glass plates or the like. A large number of microcapsules 3 individually encapsulated by the microencapsulation method are arranged. Here, the dispersion system 5 to be enclosed in the microcapsule 3
As the electrophoretic particles 4, well-known colloidal particles, various organic / inorganic pigments, dyes, metal powders, fine powders of glass or resin, and the like can be appropriately used. As the dispersion medium of the dispersion system 5, water, alcohols, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, and various natural or synthetic oils can be used. In such a dispersion system 5, if necessary, an electrolyte, a surfactant, a metallic soap, a resin, a rubber,
In addition to the charge control agent composed of particles such as oil, varnish and compound, a dispersant, a lubricant, a stabilizer and the like can be added.
Further, the charge of the electrophoretic particles 4 to be electrophoresed is unified to be positive or negative, the means for increasing the zeta potential and the dispersion are uniformly stabilized, and the adsorptivity of the electrophoretic particles 4 to the transparent electrode 2 and the dispersion medium. The viscosity and the like can be adjusted appropriately.

このようにして構成される分散系５は、ボールミル、
サンドミル、ペイントシェーカ等の適当な手段で十分に
混和した後、界面重合法、不溶化反応法、相分離法或い
は界面沈澱法などの適宜手法で分散系５をマイクロカプ
セル化する。この場合、マイクロカプセル３の膜と分散
系５の体積抵抗率は実質上同等となるように構成するの
が好ましい。The dispersion system 5 configured in this way is a ball mill,
After sufficiently mixing with an appropriate means such as a sand mill or a paint shaker, the dispersion system 5 is microencapsulated by an appropriate method such as an interfacial polymerization method, an insolubilization reaction method, a phase separation method or an interfacial precipitation method. In this case, it is preferable that the microcapsules 3 and the dispersion system 5 have substantially the same volume resistivity.

このようにして得られたマイクロカプセル３は、スク
リーン印刷手段、ローラー印刷手段或いはスプレー法な
どの手法を用いて一方の透明電極２上に整列させた後、
他方の透明電極２と組合せて両電極２間に封入すること
ができる。マイクロカプセル３による分散系５の両電極
２間への斯かる封入処理は上記手法の他、両電極２間に
連通する適当な封入孔を用いて所要量のマイクロカプセ
ル３を注入するような手段も採用できる。The microcapsules 3 thus obtained are aligned on one transparent electrode 2 by using a method such as screen printing means, roller printing means or spraying method,
In combination with the other transparent electrode 2, it can be enclosed between both electrodes 2. Such encapsulation treatment between the two electrodes 2 of the dispersion system 5 by the microcapsules 3 is performed by a method such as injecting a required amount of the microcapsules 3 using an appropriate encapsulation hole communicating between the electrodes 2 in addition to the above-mentioned method. Can also be adopted.

また、マイクロカプセル３相互の間隙及び電極２とマ
イクロカプセル３との間隙には、マイクロカプセル３に
対して化学的に安定であって屈折率及び体積抵抗率が実
質上等しい物質７を第１図の如く注入孔６を介して満た
すように構成するのが実用上好ましい。なお、８は端部
封止材を示す。In the gap between the microcapsules 3 and the gap between the electrode 2 and the microcapsule 3, a substance 7 that is chemically stable to the microcapsule 3 and has substantially the same refractive index and volume resistivity is shown in FIG. It is practically preferable to fill the via hole 6 as described above. In addition, 8 shows an end sealing material.

「発明の効果」 本発明に係る電気泳動表示装置は、上記のとおり、分
散系を予めマイクロカプセル化し、このマイクロカプセ
ルを表示制御用電極間に配装するように構成したことを
特徴とするので、少なくとも次の効果を奏する。[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, the electrophoretic display device according to the present invention is characterized in that the dispersion system is microcapsulated in advance, and the microcapsules are arranged between the display control electrodes. , At least the following effects.

マイクロカプセル化した分散系の組成は、一様に保持
される為、従来の如き電気泳動粒子の凝集或いは電極に
対する付着現象を解消して、均一且つ安定した表示動作
を達成可能である。Since the composition of the microencapsulated dispersion system is kept uniform, it is possible to eliminate the conventional phenomenon of agglomeration of electrophoretic particles or the adhesion phenomenon to the electrodes, and to achieve a uniform and stable display operation.

表示制御用電極間にマイクロカプセルを配列する構造
を備えるので、組立時等に分散系に悪影響を与えること
なく、分散系の取り扱い或いは分散系封入処理を格段に
改善して特性の良好な電気泳動表示装置を提供できる。Since the microcapsules are arranged between the display control electrodes, the handling of the dispersion system or the encapsulation process of the dispersion system can be significantly improved without adversely affecting the dispersion system during assembly, etc. A display device can be provided.

分散系を予めマイクロカプセル化する際、種々表示色
の異なる分散系を種類毎に製造することが可能であり、
斯かる表示色の異なるマイクロカプセルを適宜配列して
所望のカラー表示を達成でき、その際、隔壁又は仕切り
手段等も不要である。When pre-encapsulating the dispersion system, it is possible to manufacture different dispersion systems with different display colors for each type.
A desired color display can be achieved by appropriately arranging such microcapsules having different display colors, and in that case, a partition wall or a partition means is not necessary.

【図面の簡単な説明】 第１図は本発明の一実施例に従って構成された分散系封
入用マイクロカプセルを備えた電気泳動表示装置の概念
的な要部断面構成図、 第２図は有孔性スペーサを具備する従来構造に従った電
気泳動表示装置の概念図な要部断面構成図、そして、 第３図は有孔性スペーサの構成例の部分斜視説明図であ
る。 1:透明部材 2:透明電極 3:マイクロカプセル 4:泳動粒子 5:分散系 9:有孔性スペーサ 10:分散系BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a conceptual cross-sectional configuration diagram of an essential part of an electrophoretic display device provided with microcapsules for encapsulating a dispersion system constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. Of the electrophoretic display device according to the conventional structure including a porous spacer, and FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a structural example of a porous spacer. 1: Transparent member 2: Transparent electrode 3: Microcapsule 4: Electrophoretic particle 5: Dispersion system 9: Porous spacer 10: Dispersion system

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項１】少なくとも一方が透明な一組の対向電極板
間に電気泳動粒子を含む分散系を封入し、該電極間に印
加した表示制御用電圧の作用下に分散系内の電気泳動粒
子の分布状態を変えることによって光学的反射特性に変
化を与えて所要の表示動作を行わせるようにした電気泳
動表示装置に於いて、着色した分散媒中に該分散媒と光
学的特性の異なる少なくとも一種類の電気泳動粒子を分
散させた分散系を封入した多数のマイクロカプセルを設
け、これらのマイクロカプセルを上記電極板間に配装す
るように構成したことを特徴とする電気泳動表示装置。1. A dispersion system containing electrophoretic particles is enclosed between a pair of counter electrode plates, at least one of which is transparent, and electrophoretic particles in the dispersion system under the action of a display control voltage applied between the electrodes. In an electrophoretic display device in which a desired display operation is performed by changing the optical reflection characteristics by changing the distribution state of the dispersion medium, at least the dispersion medium having different optical characteristics from the dispersion medium is colored. An electrophoretic display device characterized in that a large number of microcapsules enclosing a dispersion system in which one type of electrophoretic particles are dispersed are provided, and these microcapsules are arranged between the electrode plates. 【請求項２】上記分散系及びマイクロカプセルの膜の体
積抵抗率を実質上同等に形成するように構成したことを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第（１）に記載の電気泳動表
示装置。2. The electrophoretic display device according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion system and the microcapsule film are formed to have substantially the same volume resistivity.
JP62244679A 1987-09-29 1987-09-29 Electrophoretic display device Expired - Lifetime JP2551783B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62244679A JP2551783B2 (en) 1987-09-29 1987-09-29 Electrophoretic display device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62244679A JP2551783B2 (en) 1987-09-29 1987-09-29 Electrophoretic display device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6486116A JPS6486116A (en) 1989-03-30
JP2551783B2 true JP2551783B2 (en) 1996-11-06

Family

ID=17122334

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62244679A Expired - Lifetime JP2551783B2 (en) 1987-09-29 1987-09-29 Electrophoretic display device

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Country Link
JP (1) JP2551783B2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US6120588A (en) 1996-07-19 2000-09-19 E Ink Corporation Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof
US6252564B1 (en) 1997-08-28 2001-06-26 E Ink Corporation Tiled displays
US6639578B1 (en) 1995-07-20 2003-10-28 E Ink Corporation Flexible displays
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