JP2545735B2 - Fire extinguishing method - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2545735B2 JP2545735B2 JP5312624A JP31262493A JP2545735B2 JP 2545735 B2 JP2545735 B2 JP 2545735B2 JP 5312624 A JP5312624 A JP 5312624A JP 31262493 A JP31262493 A JP 31262493A JP 2545735 B2 JP2545735 B2 JP 2545735B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fire extinguishing
- halon
- perfluoro
- fire
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
- A62D1/0085—Foams containing perfluoroalkyl-terminated surfactant
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0092—Gaseous extinguishing substances, e.g. liquefied gases, carbon dioxide snow
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ポリフルオロ第３級ア
ミンをガス系消火薬剤の主成分として用いることを特徴
とする火災消火方法に関するものである。さらに詳しく
いえば、本発明は、オゾン層を破壊するとして使用が規
制されているガス系ハロン消火薬剤の代替として室温で
ガス状のポリフルオロ第３級アミンを用いて効率よく消
火する方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing method characterized by using a polyfluoro tertiary amine as a main component of a gas-based fire extinguishing agent. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for efficiently extinguishing a fire by using a gaseous polyfluoro tertiary amine at room temperature as an alternative to a gas-based halon fire-extinguishing agent whose use is regulated to destroy the ozone layer. Is.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】最近、地球環境問題として、オゾン層を
保護するために難分解性の特定フロンやハロンの使用規
制が行われている。冷媒や溶剤などとして、広く用いら
れる特定フロンの代替品としては、フッ素化合物に水素
原子を導入することにより、オゾン層のある成層圏にま
では到達しないように適当な分解性を付与したヒドロフ
ルオロカーボン（ＨＦＣ）やヒドロクロロフルオロカー
ボン（ＨＣＦＣ）が開発されている。2. Description of the Related Art Recently, as a global environment problem, the use of specific CFCs or halon which is difficult to decompose is regulated to protect the ozone layer. As a substitute for specified CFCs that are widely used as refrigerants and solvents, hydrofluorocarbons that have been given appropriate decomposability by introducing hydrogen atoms into fluorine compounds so that they do not reach the stratosphere with the ozone layer ( HFC) and hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) have been developed.
【０００３】一方、ガス系消火薬剤としては、従来より
ハロン1301（化学式：CF3Br）、ハロン1211（化学式：C
F2BrCl）、ハロン2402（化学式：CF2BrCF2Br）が使用さ
れているが、消火作用に臭素が重要な役割を果たすこと
から、ハロン分子中における臭素の存在は高性能の消火
作用を付与させるためには必須のものと考えられてき
た。しかしながら、その中に含まれている臭素原子がオ
ゾン層を破壊することから、特定フロンとともにハロン
も全廃規制の対象になっている。On the other hand, as a gas-based fire extinguishing agent, conventionally, halon 1301 (chemical formula: CF 3 Br), halon 1211 (chemical formula: C
F 2 BrCl) and halon 2402 (chemical formula: CF 2 BrCF 2 Br) are used. However, since bromine plays an important role in extinguishing action, the presence of bromine in the halon molecule provides high-performance extinguishing action. It has been considered to be indispensable for giving. However, since bromine atoms contained therein destroy the ozone layer, halon as well as specific CFCs are subject to the total abolition regulation.
【０００４】近年、ハロンの代替品が開発されている
が、それらは規制ハロンに比べると消火性能や生体安全
性の点で、かなり劣るために、高度の消火能力が要求さ
れる航空機やコンピュータールーム、航空管制塔などの
ようなところでは、必要欠くべからざる用途(Essential
Use)として規制ハロンに頼らざるを得ない状況にあ
る。In recent years, alternatives to halon have been developed, but they are considerably inferior in fire extinguishing performance and biosafety as compared with the regulated halon, so that aircrafts and computer rooms requiring high extinguishing ability are required. In places such as air traffic control towers, essential applications (Essential)
There is no choice but to rely on the regulated halon as a (Use).
【０００５】しかしながら将来的には、オゾン層破壊の
進展にともない規制の強化も考えられ、オゾン層を破壊
しない物質で、かつ規制ハロンと同程度以上の性能（消
火性能、生体安全性、他の物質との共存性など）を持つ
代替ハロンの開発が求められている。However, in the future, regulations may be strengthened with the progress of ozone depletion, and it is a substance that does not deplete the ozone layer and has a performance (fire extinguishing performance, biosafety, other It is required to develop alternative halons that have compatibility with substances.
【０００６】ペルフルオロ第３級アミンは、熱的、化学
的に安定であり一般的には対応するアミンの電解フッ素
化反応によって合成される。ペルフルオロ第３級アミン
とペルフルオロ炭化水素との化学反応性を比較すると、
前者は含有する窒素原子のためにペルフルオロ炭化水素
が反応しない様な条件下でも反応性を示すことが知られ
ている。すなわち、ポルフルオロ第３級アミンは、ペル
フルオロ炭化水素と比較すると、分解性の付与された地
球環境にやさしい素材と言える。Perfluoro tertiary amines are thermally and chemically stable and are generally synthesized by the electrolytic fluorination reaction of the corresponding amine. Comparing the chemical reactivity between perfluoro tertiary amine and perfluoro hydrocarbon,
The former is known to show reactivity even under conditions where the perfluorohydrocarbon does not react due to the nitrogen atom contained. That is, it can be said that the polfluoro tertiary amine is a material having a decomposable property and being friendly to the global environment, as compared with the perfluorohydrocarbon.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】解決しようとする問題
点は、このような事情のもとで容易に入手しうる原料を
用いて、オゾン層を破壊する恐れが全くなく、また比較
的分解しやすいことから地球の温暖化に対する寄与も少
ない、規制を受けるハロンの消火能力に匹敵する代替ガ
ス系消火薬剤を用いる消火方法を提供することにある。The problem to be solved is to use raw materials that are easily available under such circumstances, without any fear of destroying the ozone layer, and to cause relatively decomposition. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fire extinguishing method using an alternative gas-based fire extinguishing agent, which is comparable to the fire extinguishing ability of regulated halon and which is easy to contribute to global warming.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は前記目的を達
成すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、代替ガス系消火薬剤と
して室温でガス状のポリフルオロ第３級アミンを用いる
ことによりその目的を達成し得ることを見出し、この知
見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。すなわち、本
発明は、一般式： (CF3)2NRf （式中のＲfはそれぞれ炭素数１〜２のポリフルオロア
ルキル基、またはアルケニル基である）で表されるポリ
フルオロ第３級アミンをガス系消火薬剤の主成分として
用いることを特徴とする火災消火方法である。Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventor has achieved the purpose by using a polyfluoro tertiary amine that is gaseous at room temperature as an alternative gas-based fire extinguishing agent. They have found that they can be achieved, and have completed the present invention based on this finding. That is, the present invention provides a polyfluoro tertiary group represented by the general formula: (CF 3 ) 2 NR f (wherein R f is a polyfluoroalkyl group or an alkenyl group each having 1 to 2 carbon atoms). A fire extinguishing method characterized by using an amine as a main component of a gas-based fire extinguishing agent.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の効果】本発明のポリフルオロアミン系消火薬剤
は、分子内に窒素原子を有しているために、ペルフルオ
ロ炭化水素よりも大気寿命が短く、またオゾン層破壊の
原因となる臭素原子が含まれていないために規制ハロン
の代替消火剤として好適である。また、本発明のポリフ
ルオロアミンはそれ自体が優れた消火薬剤として作用す
るだけでなく、その低表面エネルギー性を利用して、粉
末消火薬剤（主成分：第一リン酸アンモニウム）に少量
添加することにより、微粉末の消火薬剤の凝縮防止作用
を付与させるなどの相乗的効果を持つ。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the polyfluoroamine-based fire-extinguishing agent of the present invention has a nitrogen atom in the molecule, it has a shorter atmospheric life than perfluorohydrocarbons and has a bromine atom that causes ozone layer depletion. Since it is not contained, it is suitable as an alternative fire extinguisher for regulated halon. Further, the polyfluoroamine of the present invention not only acts as an excellent fire extinguishing agent itself, but also utilizes its low surface energy property and is added in a small amount to a powder fire extinguishing agent (main component: primary ammonium phosphate). As a result, it has a synergistic effect such as a function of preventing condensation of the fine powder of the fire extinguishing agent.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】つぎに実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説
明するが、本発明はこれらの例によってなんら限定され
るものではない。EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
【００１１】実施例１ 消火性能の評価（Ａ法）は、20cm×20cm×20cmの試験箱
（アクリル製）で行った。試験箱の上部には消火剤の導
入用の小窓があり、また底部には空気導入用の小窓が設
けられた。まず、試験箱の中に置いた金属シャーレ（直
径5cm×深さ1cm）に、n-ヘプタン3mlを入れて、７秒間
予備燃焼させた。予備燃焼の間は空気導入用の小窓を開
けて、火炎が十分に大きくなるようにした。ついで、予
混合気のガス系消火剤を導入し、完全に消火されるまで
の時間を測定することにより行った。ペルフルオロ（N,
N-ジメチルエチルアミン）、N,N-ビストリフルオロメチ
ル-1,1,2,2-テトラフルオロエチルアミン、ペルフルオ
ロ（N,N-ジメチルビニルアミン）、ペルフルオロ（トリ
メチルアミン）、ブロモトリフルオロメタン（ハロン13
01）の場合の結果を表１に示す。 表１ ──────────────────────── 消火剤 (Vol%) 消火時間 (sec) ──────────────────────── (CF3)2NCF2CF3 5.7 1.50 3.8 0.82 2.6 7.00 (CF3)2NCF2CF2H 5.4 1.50 (CF3)2NCF=CF2 3.6 0.86 2.8 7.70 CF3Br 3.6 1.01 1.1 10.04 (CF3)3N 5.5 1.67 3.6 4.36 ──────────────────────── 表１において、ポリフルオロアミン類は、3 〜 5 Vol%
の範囲において、規制ハロン1301と同程度の２秒以内で
消火が可能であり、優れた消火性能を有することが明ら
かになった。また、消火後の試験箱内の混合気の刺激臭
も少なく、それはハロン1301の場合の時と同程度であっ
た。 Example 1 Evaluation of fire extinguishing performance (method A) was carried out in a test box (made of acrylic) measuring 20 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm. There was a small window for introducing the extinguishant at the top of the test box, and a small window for introducing air at the bottom. First, 3 ml of n-heptane was placed in a metal petri dish (diameter 5 cm x depth 1 cm) placed in a test box and pre-burned for 7 seconds. During pre-combustion, a small window for introducing air was opened to allow the flame to grow sufficiently. Then, a gas-based fire extinguishing agent of premixed gas was introduced, and the time until the fire was completely extinguished was measured. Perfluoro (N,
N-dimethylethylamine), N, N-bistrifluoromethyl-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylamine, perfluoro (N, N-dimethylvinylamine), perfluoro (trimethylamine), bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 13
The results in the case of 01) are shown in Table 1. Table 1 ──────────────────────── Extinguishing media (Vol%) Extinguishing time (sec) ───────────── ─────────── (CF 3 ) 2 NCF 2 CF 3 5.7 1.50 3.8 0.82 2.6 7.00 (CF 3 ) 2 NCF 2 CF 2 H 5.4 1.50 (CF 3 ) 2 NCF = CF 2 3.6 0.86 2.8 7.70 CF 3 Br 3.6 1.01 1.1 10.04 (CF 3 ) 3 N 5.5 1.67 3.6 4.36 ───────────────────────── In Table 1, polyfluoroamines Is 3-5 Vol%
It was revealed that, within the range, the fire can be extinguished within 2 seconds, which is the same level as the regulated Halon 1301, and that it has excellent fire extinguishing performance. Moreover, the odor of the air-fuel mixture in the test box after fire extinguishing was small, which was about the same as in the case of Halon 1301.
【００１２】実施例２ 第２の消火能力の測定は層流燃焼速度の測定（Ｂ法）に
より行った。層流燃焼速度の測定には、内径20.0cm、高
さ30.0cmの円筒型燃焼容器を用いた。容器内に予混合気
（試料混合気：9.5%メタンー0.5%添加剤ー90.0%空気；
混合気温度：室温；混合気圧力：１ａｔｍ）を充填し
た後、中心で火花点火し、火炎の伝播速度をイオンプロ
ーブにより測定した。火炎は、初期段階においてほぼ定
圧で伝播するので、層流燃焼速度Suと火炎伝播速度Sbと
の間に次式が成立する。 Su=κSb(ρb/ρu)=κSb(TuMb)/(TbMu) 但し ρ:密度、T:温度、M:平均モル質量、κ:補正係数
（添字 u: 未燃側、添字 b: 既燃側） Ｔb には断熱火炎温度、Ｍb には各化学種の平衡濃度か
ら得られた値をそれぞれ用い、κ=1 としてSuを求め
た。テトラフルオロメタン、ブロモトリフルオロメタン
（ハロン1301）、ペルフルオロ（N,N-ジメチルエチルア
ミン）、ペルフルオロ（N,N-ジメチル-2-ブロモエチル
アミン）、ペルフルオロ（トリエチルアミン）を添加し
た場合のメタンの平均層流燃焼速度を表２に示した。 表２ ───────────────────── 添加剤 層流燃焼速度/cm.s-1 ───────────────────── CF4 37.2±1.7 CF3Br 22.9±1.0 (CF3)2CF2CF3 26.0±1.0 (CF3)2CF2CF2Br 24.4±1.0 (C2F5)3N 27.9±1.0 ───────────────────── 表２の結果より、本発明化合物のペルフルオロ（N,N-ジ
メチルエチルアミン）は臭素原子を有するハロン1301及
びN,N-ビストリフルオロメチル-2-ブロモ-1,1,2,2-テト
ラフルオロエチルアミンに次ぐ優れた消火性能を有する
ことが明らかになった。 Example 2 The second extinction ability was measured by measuring the laminar burning velocity (method B). A cylindrical combustion vessel having an inner diameter of 20.0 cm and a height of 30.0 cm was used for measuring the laminar burning velocity. Pre-mixture in the container (Sample mixture: 9.5% methane-0.5% additive-90.0% air;
After charging a gas mixture temperature: room temperature; a gas mixture pressure: 1 atm), spark ignition was performed at the center, and the flame propagation velocity was measured by an ion probe. Flame, since propagate at nearly constant pressure at an initial stage, the following equation is established between the laminar burning velocity S u and flame propagation speed S b. S u = κS b (ρ b / ρ u ) = κS b (T u M b ) / (T b M u ), where ρ: density, T: temperature, M: average molar mass, κ: correction coefficient (subscript u : not燃側, subscript b: using already燃側) T b in the adiabatic flame temperature, the M b the value obtained from the equilibrium concentration of each species, respectively, were determined S u as kappa = 1. Average laminar flow of methane when tetrafluoromethane, bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301), perfluoro (N, N-dimethylethylamine), perfluoro (N, N-dimethyl-2-bromoethylamine), perfluoro (triethylamine) are added The burning rate is shown in Table 2. Table 2 ───────────────────── Additive Laminar Burning Rate / cm.s -1 ──────────────── ────── CF 4 37.2 ± 1.7 CF 3 Br 22.9 ± 1.0 (CF 3 ) 2 CF 2 CF 3 26.0 ± 1.0 (CF 3 ) 2 CF 2 CF 2 Br 24.4 ± 1.0 (C 2 F 5 ) 3 N 27.9 ± 1.0 ───────────────────── From the results of Table 2, the perfluoro (N, N-dimethylethylamine) of the compound of the present invention is halon 1301 having a bromine atom. And N, N-bistrifluoromethyl-2-bromo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylamine have the second best fire extinguishing performance.
Claims (1)
ルキル基、またはアルケニル基である）で表されるポリ
フルオロ第３級アミンをガス系消火薬剤の主成分として
用いることを特徴とする火災消火方法。1. A polyfluoro tertiary amine represented by the general formula: (CF 3 ) 2 NR f (wherein R f is a polyfluoroalkyl group or an alkenyl group each having 1 to 2 carbon atoms). A method for extinguishing a fire, characterized in that is used as a main component of a gas-based extinguishing agent.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5312624A JP2545735B2 (en) | 1993-11-18 | 1993-11-18 | Fire extinguishing method |
| US08/341,068 US5609787A (en) | 1993-11-18 | 1994-11-17 | Method for extinguishing fire |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5312624A JP2545735B2 (en) | 1993-11-18 | 1993-11-18 | Fire extinguishing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0824363A JPH0824363A (en) | 1996-01-30 |
| JP2545735B2 true JP2545735B2 (en) | 1996-10-23 |
Family
ID=18031444
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5312624A Expired - Lifetime JP2545735B2 (en) | 1993-11-18 | 1993-11-18 | Fire extinguishing method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5609787A (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2545735B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102309799B1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2021-10-08 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | Fluorinated olefins as working fluids and methods of using same |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5210106A (en) * | 1991-10-04 | 1993-05-11 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Fine-celled plastic foam containing fluorochemical blowing agent |
| JPH0751538B2 (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1995-06-05 | 工業技術院長 | Method for producing nitrogen-containing perfluoroalkyl bromide |
| JPH08505890A (en) * | 1993-01-15 | 1996-06-25 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドゥ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | Refrigerant composition containing sulfur compound |
| US5484546A (en) * | 1993-05-19 | 1996-01-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions including an acylic fluoroether |
| US5441659A (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 1995-08-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions including a fluoroamine and a second component |
-
1993
- 1993-11-18 JP JP5312624A patent/JP2545735B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-11-17 US US08/341,068 patent/US5609787A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5609787A (en) | 1997-03-11 |
| JPH0824363A (en) | 1996-01-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |