JP2534055Y2 - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2534055Y2 JP2534055Y2 JP12478390U JP12478390U JP2534055Y2 JP 2534055 Y2 JP2534055 Y2 JP 2534055Y2 JP 12478390 U JP12478390 U JP 12478390U JP 12478390 U JP12478390 U JP 12478390U JP 2534055 Y2 JP2534055 Y2 JP 2534055Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- alignment film
- substrate
- alignment
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
【考案の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本考案は、格子状の遮光膜を有する液晶表示素子に関
するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device having a lattice-like light-shielding film.
画像を表示する液晶表示素子として、一般にブラック
マスクと呼ばれる格子状の遮光膜を備えたものがある。2. Description of the Related Art As a liquid crystal display element for displaying an image, there is a liquid crystal display element having a lattice-shaped light-shielding film generally called a black mask.
第３図および第４図は従来の液晶表示素子の一部分の
平面図および断面図であり、ここではフルカラー画像を
表示する液晶表示素子を示している。FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are a plan view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of a part of a conventional liquid crystal display device. Here, the liquid crystal display device for displaying a full-color image is shown.
この液晶表示素子の構成を説明すると、第３図および
第４図において、図中1,2はガラス等からなる一対の透
明基板であり、第１の基板（図において下側の基板、以
下下基板という）１面には多数本のストライプ状走査電
極（透明電極）３が互いに平行に形成され、第２の基板
（図において上側の基板、以下上基板という）２面には
前記走査電極３と直交する多数本のストライプ状信号電
極（透明電極）４が互いに平行に形成されている。ま
た、両基板1,2の電極形成面上にはそれぞれポリイミド
等からなる配向膜5,6が形成されており、この配向膜5,6
の膜面にはそれぞれラビングによる配向処理が施されて
いる。7R,7G,7Bは両基板1,2のいずれか一方、例えば下
基板１面に形成された赤，緑，青のカラーフィルタであ
る。このカラーフィルタ7R,7G,7Bは、上基板２面の各信
号電極４にそれぞれ対応するストライプ状フィルタとさ
れており、赤色フィルタ7R,緑色フィルタ7G,青色フィル
タ7Bの順で交互に形成されている。なお、このカラーフ
ィルタ7R,7G,7Bは走査電極３の下に形成されており、上
記走査電極３は、カラーフィルタ7R,7G,7Bの上に形成し
た透明な保護絶縁膜８の上に形成されている。The structure of this liquid crystal display element will be described. In FIGS. 3 and 4, reference numerals 1 and 2 denote a pair of transparent substrates made of glass or the like, and a first substrate (a lower substrate in the drawings, hereinafter referred to as a lower substrate). A plurality of stripe-shaped scanning electrodes (transparent electrodes) 3 are formed in parallel on one surface of a substrate, and the scanning electrodes 3 are formed on a second substrate (upper substrate in the figure, hereinafter referred to as an upper substrate) 2. Are formed in parallel with each other. Alignment films 5 and 6 made of polyimide or the like are formed on the electrode forming surfaces of both substrates 1 and 2, respectively.
Are subjected to an alignment treatment by rubbing. Reference numerals 7R, 7G, and 7B denote red, green, and blue color filters formed on one of the substrates 1 and 2, for example, the lower substrate 1. The color filters 7R, 7G, 7B are striped filters respectively corresponding to the signal electrodes 4 on the upper substrate 2, and are alternately formed in the order of red filter 7R, green filter 7G, blue filter 7B. I have. The color filters 7R, 7G, 7B are formed below the scanning electrodes 3, and the scanning electrodes 3 are formed on the transparent protective insulating film 8 formed on the color filters 7R, 7G, 7B. Have been.
そして、上記下基板１と上基板２は、その電極形成面
を互いに対向させて配置され、その外周部において図示
しない枠状のシール材を介して接着されている。また、
この両基板1,2間の上記シール材で囲まれた領域には液
晶９が封入されており、この液晶９の分子は、下基板１
側においてはその配向膜５面のラビング方向に配向さ
れ、上基板２側においてはその配向膜６面のラビング方
向に配向されて、両基板1,2間においてツイスト配列し
ている。なお、液晶表示素子には、液晶のツイスト角を
ほぼ90°としたTN型のものと、上記ツイスト角を180°
〜270°（通常は220°〜240°）と大きくしたSTN型のも
のとがあるが、TN型の液晶表示素子は表示のコントラス
トが悪いため、最近では高コントラストの表示が得られ
るSTN型の液晶表示素子が使用されるようになってきて
いる。10,11は上記両基板1,2の外面にそれぞれ設けられ
た偏光板である。The lower substrate 1 and the upper substrate 2 are arranged with their electrode forming surfaces facing each other, and are adhered to the outer peripheral portion thereof via a frame-shaped sealing material (not shown). Also,
A liquid crystal 9 is sealed in a region between the two substrates 1 and 2 surrounded by the sealing material.
The substrate 1 is oriented in the rubbing direction on the surface of the alignment film 5, and the upper substrate 2 is oriented in the rubbing direction on the surface of the alignment film 6, and is twisted between the substrates 1 and 2. The liquid crystal display element has a TN type in which the twist angle of the liquid crystal is approximately 90 °, and the twist angle is 180 °.
There is an STN type with a large size of up to 270 ° (usually 220 ° to 240 °), but recently the TN type liquid crystal display element has a poor display contrast, so recently the STN type which can provide a high contrast display is available. Liquid crystal display devices have been used. Reference numerals 10 and 11 denote polarizing plates provided on the outer surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2, respectively.
ところで、この液晶表示素子においては、走査電極３
と信号電極４とが対向している各画素領域間、すなわち
各走査電極3,3間と各信号電極4,4間から光が漏れて表示
品質が悪くなるという問題をもっている。これは、走査
電極3,3間および信号電極4,4間に対応する部分には電界
が印加されないためであり、この部分を透過した光が出
射側の偏光板11または12を通って漏光となる。By the way, in this liquid crystal display element, the scanning electrode 3
There is a problem that display quality deteriorates due to light leaking from each pixel region where the pixel electrode and the signal electrode 4 face each other, that is, between the scanning electrodes 3 and 3 and between the signal electrodes 4 and 4. This is because no electric field is applied to the portions corresponding to between the scanning electrodes 3 and 3 and between the signal electrodes 4 and 4, and light transmitted through this portion passes through the polarizing plate 11 or 12 on the emission side and causes light leakage. Become.
このため、上記液晶表示素子では、第３図および第４
図に示すように、両基板1,2のいずれか一方、例えば下
基板１のカラーフィルタ7R,7G,7Bの下に、ブラックマス
クと呼ばれる格子状の遮光膜（クロム等の金属膜）12を
設けている。この格子状遮光膜12は、下基板１の各走査
電極3,3間にそれぞれ対応する多数本の横線部12aと、上
基板２の各信号電極4,4間にそれぞれ対応する多数本の
縦線部12bとからなっており、その各横線部12aの幅は、
その両側縁が隣接する走査電極3,3のそれぞれの縁部に
ラップする幅とされ、また縦線部12bの幅も、その両側
縁が隣接する信号電極4,4のそれぞれの縁部にラップす
る幅とされている。なお、この格子状遮光膜12の各線部
12a,12bの幅は、画素領域の開口面積（格子状遮光膜12
の横線部12aと縦線部12bで囲まれた光透過領域の面積）
を少しでも大きくするため、できるだけ狭い幅とされて
いる。For this reason, in the liquid crystal display device shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, a lattice-shaped light-shielding film (metal film such as chrome) 12 called a black mask is provided under one of the substrates 1 and 2, for example, below the color filters 7R, 7G and 7B of the lower substrate 1. Provided. The grid-like light-shielding film 12 includes a plurality of horizontal line portions 12a corresponding to the portions between the scanning electrodes 3 on the lower substrate 1 and a number of the vertical portions corresponding to the portions between the signal electrodes 4 on the upper substrate 2, respectively. And the width of each horizontal line portion 12a,
The width of both side edges is set to be wrapped at the respective edges of the adjacent scanning electrodes 3, 3, and the width of the vertical line portion 12b is also set such that both side edges are wrapped at the respective edges of the adjacent signal electrodes 4, 4. The width is to be. Each line portion of the lattice-shaped light shielding film 12
The width of 12a, 12b depends on the opening area of the pixel region (the lattice-shaped light-shielding film 12
Area of the light transmitting region surrounded by the horizontal line portion 12a and the vertical line portion 12b)
Is made as narrow as possible to make it a little larger.
このような格子状遮光膜12を設けておけば、各画素領
域間、すなわち各走査電極3,3間と各信号電極4,4間から
の光の漏れをなくすことができるから、各画素領域間を
黒の状態にして表示品質を向上させることができる。By providing such a lattice-shaped light-shielding film 12, it is possible to eliminate light leakage between the respective pixel regions, that is, between the respective scanning electrodes 3, 3 and between the respective signal electrodes 4, 4. The display quality can be improved by setting the gap to a black state.
しかしながら、上記従来の液晶表示素子では、上記格
子状遮光膜12の各横線部12aおよび各縦線部12bを、その
両側縁が隣接する走査電極3,3および信号電極4,4に対し
てそれぞれ極く小さなラップ代でラップする幅としてい
るため、OFF状態（光遮断状態）にある画素領域の一側
に、格子状遮光膜12の横線部12aまたは縦線部12bに沿っ
て漏光が発生し、この漏光によって表示品質が低下する
という問題をもっていた。However, in the above-mentioned conventional liquid crystal display element, each horizontal line portion 12a and each vertical line portion 12b of the lattice-shaped light-shielding film 12 is provided with respect to the scanning electrodes 3, 3 and the signal electrodes 4, 4 whose both side edges are adjacent to each other. Since the width is set so as to wrap with an extremely small wrap margin, light leakage occurs along the horizontal line portion 12a or the vertical line portion 12b of the lattice-shaped light shielding film 12 on one side of the pixel region in the OFF state (light blocking state). However, there is a problem that display quality is deteriorated due to the light leakage.
上記画素領域からの漏光は、液晶９の配向不良による
もので、この配向不良は、電極間の段差部分からこの段
差部付近の画素領域（電極上の部分）に発生し、特に液
晶のツイスト角Ｔが大きいSTN型の液晶表示素子では、
配向膜5,6のいずれか一方に段差部分があると、この部
分における液晶分子の両基板1,2間での配列状態の乱れ
が大きくなる。上記配向膜面の画素領域の配向不良は、
ほとんどの場合、両基板1,2の配向膜5,6のうち一方の配
向膜だけに発生しており、例えば下基板１側の配向膜５
の場合には、第３図および第４図に示した領域、すなわ
ち走査電極3,3間付近に対応する領域Ａの液晶が配向不
良となる。The light leakage from the pixel region is caused by poor alignment of the liquid crystal 9, and the poor alignment occurs from a step between the electrodes to a pixel region (a portion on the electrode) near the step, particularly, a twist angle of the liquid crystal. In an STN-type liquid crystal display device with a large T,
If any one of the alignment films 5 and 6 has a step, the arrangement state of the liquid crystal molecules between the two substrates 1 and 2 in this part becomes large. Poor alignment in the pixel region on the alignment film surface is as follows.
In most cases, it is generated only in one of the alignment films 5 and 6 of the substrates 1 and 2, for example, the alignment film 5 on the lower substrate 1 side.
In the case of (1), the liquid crystal in the region shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, that is, in the region A corresponding to the vicinity between the scanning electrodes 3 and 3, has poor alignment.
そして、このように走査電極3,3間付近に対応する領
域Ａの液晶が対向不良となった場合、上記従来の液晶表
示素子では、液晶９の配向不良領域Ａに対応する部分に
発生する漏光のうち、走査電極3,3間に対応する部分お
よびその極く近傍の漏光は、格子状遮光膜12の横線部12
aによって遮光されるが、上記配向不良領域Ａは、第３
図および第４図に示したように、その一側が格子状遮光
膜12の横線部12aから外側に張り出した状態で発生する
ため、OFF状態にある画素領域の一側に、配向不良領域
Ａの横線部12aからの張り出し幅ｗに相当する幅で漏光
が発生する。When the liquid crystal in the region A corresponding to the vicinity between the scanning electrodes 3 and 3 has a facing failure as described above, in the above-described conventional liquid crystal display element, light leakage generated in a portion of the liquid crystal 9 corresponding to the misalignment region A is generated. Out of the portion corresponding to the portion between the scanning electrodes 3 and 3 and the light leakage in the immediate vicinity thereof,
Although the light is shielded by a, the poorly-aligned region A
As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, since one side of the pixel region extends outward from the horizontal line portion 12a of the lattice-shaped light-shielding film 12, the misalignment region A is located on one side of the pixel region in the OFF state. Light leakage occurs at a width corresponding to the overhang width w from the horizontal line portion 12a.
これは、上基板２側の信号電極3,3間付近に対応する
領域に生ずる配向膜６の段差部付近（信号電極4,4間付
近）で液晶が配向不良となった場合も同様であり、この
場合、配向不良領域は、その一側が格子状遮光膜12の縦
線部12bから外側に張り出した状態で発生するため、OFF
状態にある画素領域の一側に、配向不良領域の縦線部12
bからの張り出し幅に相当する幅で漏光が発生する。The same applies to the case where the liquid crystal becomes defective in the vicinity of the step portion (in the vicinity of the signal electrodes 4 and 4) of the alignment film 6 generated in the region corresponding to the vicinity of the signal electrodes 3 and 3 on the upper substrate 2 side. However, in this case, the misalignment region is generated when one side of the misalignment region extends outward from the vertical line portion 12b of the lattice-shaped light-shielding film 12, so
On one side of the pixel region in the state,
Light leakage occurs at a width corresponding to the overhang width from b.
なお、上記格子状遮光膜12の横線部12aおよび縦線部1
2bの幅を大きくすれば、上記画素領域での漏光もなくす
ことができる。しかし、従来は、画素領域での配向不良
が、走査電極3,3間付近と信号電極4,4間付近とのうちい
ずれの側に発生するかが不明であり、また配向不良領域
Ａが電極間部分からいずれの側に大きく張り出すかも不
明であったため、どのような状況で配向不良が発生して
も漏光を生じさせないようにするには、格子状遮光膜12
の横線部12aと縦線部12bとの両方を、その両側縁が隣接
する電極のそれぞれの縁部に配向不良領域Ａの張り出し
幅より大きいラップ代でラップする幅とする必要があ
る。そして、このように格子状遮光膜12の横線部12aと
縦線部12bとの両方の幅を大きくしたのでは、画素領域
の開口面積がかなり小さくなってしまう。Note that the horizontal line portion 12a and the vertical line portion 1
If the width of 2b is increased, light leakage in the pixel area can be prevented. However, conventionally, it is unclear which side of the alignment failure in the pixel region occurs between the vicinity of the scan electrodes 3 and 3 and the vicinity of the signal electrodes 4 and 4. Since it was not clear to which side the part protruded from the intervening part, it was not possible to prevent light leakage even if alignment failure occurred in any situation.
Both the horizontal line portion 12a and the vertical line portion 12b need to have a width whose both side edges wrap around the respective edges of the adjacent electrodes with a wrap margin larger than the overhang width of the misalignment region A. If the widths of both the horizontal line portion 12a and the vertical line portion 12b of the lattice-shaped light-shielding film 12 are increased in this way, the opening area of the pixel region becomes considerably small.
本考案の目的は、画素領域の開口面積はあまり小さく
せずに、画素領域からの漏光を格子状遮光膜によって防
ぐことができる液晶表示素子を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device in which light leakage from a pixel region can be prevented by a lattice-shaped light-shielding film without making the opening area of the pixel region too small.
本考案は、多数本のストライプ状走査電極を互いに平
行に形成しこの電極形成面上に配向膜を形成するととも
にこの配向膜面にラビングによる配向処理を施した第１
の基板と、前記走査電極と直交する多数本のストライプ
状信号電極を互いに平行に形成しこの電極形成面上に配
向膜を形成するとともにこの配向膜面にラビングによる
配向処理を施した第２の基板との間に液晶を封入すると
ともに、前記第１および第２の基板のいずれか一方に、
縦横の各線部がそれぞれ前記第１の基板の各電極間およ
び前記第２の基板の各電極間に対応する格子状遮光膜を
形成し、かつこの格子状遮光膜の各線部の幅を、その両
側縁がそれぞれ前記電極の縁部にラップする幅とした液
晶表示素子において、 前記格子状遮光膜の各線部のうち、配向膜面のラビン
グ方向がこの配向膜の下の電極の長さ方向に対して45°
以下である基板の各電極間に対応する線部の幅を、前記
ラビング方向に大きくしたことを特徴とするものであ
る。According to the present invention, there is provided a first method in which a large number of stripe-shaped scanning electrodes are formed in parallel with each other, an alignment film is formed on the electrode forming surface, and the alignment film surface is subjected to an alignment treatment by rubbing.
A second substrate in which a plurality of striped signal electrodes orthogonal to the scanning electrodes are formed in parallel with each other, an alignment film is formed on the electrode forming surface, and an alignment process is performed on the alignment film surface by rubbing. While enclosing liquid crystal between the substrate and one of the first and second substrates,
Each of the vertical and horizontal line portions forms a grid-like light-shielding film corresponding to between each electrode of the first substrate and between each electrode of the second substrate, and the width of each line portion of this grid-like light-shielding film is determined by In a liquid crystal display element having both side edges each having a width wrapped around the edge of the electrode, the rubbing direction of the alignment film surface in each line portion of the lattice-shaped light-shielding film is in the length direction of the electrode below the alignment film. 45 ° to
The width of a line portion between the electrodes of the substrate described below is increased in the rubbing direction.
本考案は、画素領域での液晶の配向不良の原因である
配向膜面の段差部における配向不良の発生条件を解明
し、その結果に基づいてなされたものである。The present invention has been made based on the results of elucidating the conditions for the occurrence of poor alignment at the step portion of the alignment film surface, which is the cause of the poor alignment of the liquid crystal in the pixel region.
すなわち、第１の基板面にストライプ状走査電極と配
向膜を形成し、第２の基板面に前記走査電極と直交する
ストライプ状信号電極と配向膜を形成した液晶表示素子
について、配向膜面の画素領域に及ぶ配向不良がどの部
分に発生するかを調べたところ、この配向不良は、ラビ
ング方向が配向膜下の電極の長さ方向に対して45°以下
である基板の配向膜に発生しており、また配向膜面の電
極間に対応する段差部分からその両側への配向不良領域
の広がりは、上記配向膜面のラビング方向に対して逆方
向には極く僅かで、ラビング方向に大きく広がっている
ことが分った。That is, for a liquid crystal display element in which a stripe-shaped scanning electrode and an alignment film are formed on a first substrate surface and a stripe-shaped signal electrode and an alignment film that are orthogonal to the scanning electrode are formed on a second substrate surface. Investigation into which part of the alignment defect that occurs in the pixel region occurs indicates that the alignment defect occurs in the alignment film of the substrate whose rubbing direction is 45 ° or less with respect to the length direction of the electrode under the alignment film. In addition, the spread of the misalignment region from the step portion corresponding to between the electrodes on the alignment film surface to both sides thereof is extremely small in a direction opposite to the rubbing direction of the alignment film surface and is large in the rubbing direction. I found that it was spreading.
そこで、本考案では、一方の基板に形成する格子状遮
光膜の縦横の各線部のうち、配向膜面のラビング方向が
この配向膜の下の電極の長さ方向に対して45°以下であ
る基板の各電極間に対応する線部の幅を、上記ラビング
方向に大きくしたのであり、このようにすれば、画素領
域からの漏光は格子状遮光膜によって防止されるし、ま
た、上記格子状遮光膜の縦横の各線部のうち、一方の線
部の幅を上記ラビング方向に大きくするだけで、他方の
線部の幅は大きくする必要がないため、格子状遮光膜で
規制される画素領域の開口面積はあまり小さくならな
い。Therefore, in the present invention, the rubbing direction of the alignment film surface is 45 ° or less with respect to the length direction of the electrode under the alignment film, in each of the vertical and horizontal line portions of the lattice-shaped light shielding film formed on one substrate. The width of the line portion corresponding to between each electrode of the substrate is increased in the rubbing direction. In this case, light leakage from the pixel region is prevented by the lattice-shaped light-shielding film, and Since the width of one of the lines in the vertical and horizontal lines of the light-shielding film is merely increased in the rubbing direction, and the width of the other line does not need to be increased, the pixel region regulated by the lattice-shaped light-shielding film is not necessary. Opening area is not so small.
以下、本考案の一実施例を第１図および第２図を参照
して説明する。なお、第１図および第２図において、第
３図および第４図に示したものと対応するものには同符
号を付し、従来の液晶表示と同じものについてはその説
明を省略する。Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. In FIGS. 1 and 2, components corresponding to those shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions of the same components as those of the conventional liquid crystal display are omitted.
第１図において、5aは下基板１側の配向膜５面のラビ
ング方向、6aは上基板２側の配向膜６面のラビング方向
を示しており、液晶分子は、下基板１側においてはその
配向膜５面のラビング方向5aに配向され、両配向膜5,6
の上基板２側においてはその配向膜６面のラビング方向
6aに配向されて、両配向膜5,6のラビング方向5a,6aに応
じたツイスト角Ｔだけツイスト配向されている。なお、
第１図では、液晶分子のツイスト角Ｔを220°としたSTN
型液晶表示素子における両配向膜5,6のラビング方向を
示しており、下基板１側の配向膜５面のラビング方向5a
は、この下基板１面に形成した走査電極３の長さ方向3a
に対して20°の角度θ1で交差し、上基板２側の配向膜
６面のラビング方向6aは、この上基板２面に形成した下
基板４の長さ方向4aに対して70°の角度θ2で交差して
いる。In FIG. 1, 5a indicates the rubbing direction of the alignment film 5 on the lower substrate 1 side, 6a indicates the rubbing direction of the alignment film 6 on the upper substrate 2 side, and the liquid crystal molecules are on the lower substrate 1 side. The alignment film 5 is oriented in the rubbing direction 5a on the surface thereof, and both alignment films 5, 6 are aligned.
Rubbing direction of the alignment film 6 on the upper substrate 2 side
It is oriented in 6a, and is twist-oriented by a twist angle T corresponding to the rubbing directions 5a, 6a of both orientation films 5, 6. In addition,
FIG. 1 shows an STN in which the twist angle T of liquid crystal molecules is 220 °.
The rubbing direction of both alignment films 5 and 6 in the liquid crystal display device is shown, and the rubbing direction 5a of the alignment film 5 surface on the lower substrate 1 side is shown.
Is the length direction 3a of the scanning electrode 3 formed on the surface of the lower substrate 1.
Against intersect at 20 ° angles theta 1, the rubbing direction 6a of the alignment film surface of the upper substrate 2 side, 70 ° to the length direction 4a of the lower substrate 4 formed the upper surface of the substrate 2 They intersect at an angle θ 2 .
また、第１図および第２図において、Ａは液晶９の配
向不良領域を示しており、この配向不良領域Ａは、両基
板1,2の配向膜5,6のうち、いずれか一方の配向膜面に生
じ、電極間の段差部分から電極上の画素領域にまで及ん
でいる。この配向膜面における配向不良は、ラビング方
向が配向膜下の電極の長さ方向に対して45°以下である
基板の配向膜に発生しており、この実施例では、下基板
１側の配向膜、すなわち、ラビング方向5aが配向膜下の
走査電極３の長さ方向に対して20°である配向膜５に発
生している。また、この配向膜５面の走査電極3,3間に
対応する段差部分からその両側への配向不良領域の広が
りは、この配向膜５面のラビング方向5aに対して逆方向
には極く僅かで、ラビング方向に大きく広がっている。
なお、配向膜面の段差による配向不良は、上基板２の配
向膜６にも発生するが、この配向膜６のラビング方向6a
はこの配向膜６の下の信号電極４の長さ方向に対して45
°より大きいため（この実施例では70°）、この配向膜
６面の配向不良は、信号電極4,4間の段差部分に生ずる
だけで、画素領域に及ぶ配向不良はほとんど生じない。In FIGS. 1 and 2, A indicates a poorly-aligned region of the liquid crystal 9, and this poorly-aligned region A is one of the alignment films 5 and 6 of the substrates 1 and 2. It occurs on the film surface and extends from the step between the electrodes to the pixel region on the electrodes. This alignment defect on the alignment film surface occurs in the alignment film of the substrate whose rubbing direction is 45 ° or less with respect to the length direction of the electrode under the alignment film. The film, that is, the rubbing direction 5a is generated in the alignment film 5 in which the rubbing direction 5a is 20 ° with respect to the length direction of the scan electrode 3 below the alignment film. In addition, the extent of the misalignment region from the step corresponding to the scanning electrodes 3 on the surface of the alignment film 5 to both sides thereof is very small in the direction opposite to the rubbing direction 5a of the surface of the alignment film 5. In the rubbing direction, it spreads greatly.
In addition, although the alignment failure due to the step of the alignment film surface also occurs in the alignment film 6 of the upper substrate 2, the rubbing direction 6a
Is 45 ° with respect to the length direction of the signal electrode 4 below the alignment film 6.
Since it is larger than 70 ° (70 ° in this embodiment), the poor alignment on the surface of the alignment film 6 occurs only at the step portion between the signal electrodes 4 and 4 and almost no defective alignment over the pixel region occurs.
したがって、この実施例においては、液晶９の配向不
良領域Ａは、第１図および第２図に示すように、にあ
り、画素領域からの漏光はこの配向不良領域Ａで発生す
る。Therefore, in this embodiment, the misalignment region A of the liquid crystal 9 is located as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and light leakage from the pixel region occurs in the misalignment region A.
そこで、この液晶表示素子では、一方の基板（この実
施例では下基板）１に形成する格子状遮光膜12の縦横の
各線部のうち、配向膜面のラビング方向がこの配向膜の
下の電極の長さ方向に対して45°以下である下基板１の
各走査電極3,3間に対応する各横線部12aの幅を、上記下
基板１の配向膜５面のラビング方向5aに大きくして、こ
の横線部12aの一側縁部と走査電極３とのラップ代を、
上記配向不良領域Ａを完全に覆う幅にしている。なお、
上記配向膜５面の段差部分からの配向不良領域の広がり
は、ラビング方向5aに対して逆方向には極く僅かである
ため、上記横線部12aのラビング方向5aとは逆方向の側
縁部と走査電極３とのラップ代は、極く小さな幅にして
ある。また、上基板２側の各信号電極4,4間付近には画
素領域に漏光を生じさせるような配向不良が発生してい
ないため、格子状遮光膜12の各縦線部12bは、その両側
縁が隣接する信号電極4,4のそれぞれの縁部に極く小さ
なラップ代でラップする幅とされている。Therefore, in this liquid crystal display element, the rubbing direction of the alignment film surface in the vertical and horizontal lines of the grid-like light-shielding film 12 formed on one substrate (the lower substrate in this embodiment) 1 is the electrode below the alignment film. The width of each horizontal line portion 12a corresponding to between the scan electrodes 3, 3 of the lower substrate 1 which is 45 ° or less with respect to the length direction of the lower substrate 1 is increased in the rubbing direction 5a of the alignment film 5 surface of the lower substrate 1. The wrap margin between one side edge of the horizontal line portion 12a and the scan electrode 3 is
The width is set so as to completely cover the misalignment region A. In addition,
Since the spread of the misalignment region from the step portion of the surface of the alignment film 5 is extremely small in the direction opposite to the rubbing direction 5a, the side edge of the horizontal line portion 12a in the direction opposite to the rubbing direction 5a. The width of the lap between the electrode and the scanning electrode 3 is set to an extremely small width. In addition, since there is no alignment defect near the signal electrodes 4 on the upper substrate 2 side that causes light leakage in the pixel region, each vertical line portion 12b of the lattice-shaped light shielding film 12 is The width is such that the edge wraps around the edge of each of the adjacent signal electrodes 4, 4 with an extremely small wrap margin.
そして、この液晶表示素子においては、格子状遮光膜
12の横線部12aと縦線部12bのうち、配向膜面のラビング
方向がこの配向膜の下の電極の長さ方向に対して45°以
下である下基板１の各走査電極3,3間に対応する横線部1
2aの幅を、上記ラビング方向に大きくしているから、画
素領域からの漏光を格子状遮光膜12によって完全に防止
することができ、したがって、表示品質を向上させるこ
とができる。また、この液晶表示素子では、上記格子状
遮光膜12の縦横の各線部のうち、横線部12aの幅を上記
ラビング方向に大きくするだけで、縦線部12aの幅は大
きくする必要がないため、格子状遮光膜12で規制される
画素領域の開口面積はあまり小さくならないから、開口
率の高い高輝度の画像を表示することができる。In this liquid crystal display element, a lattice-shaped light shielding film
Among the horizontal line portions 12a and the vertical line portions 12b, the rubbing direction of the alignment film surface is 45 ° or less with respect to the length direction of the electrodes below the alignment film. Horizontal line part 1 corresponding to
Since the width of 2a is increased in the rubbing direction, light leakage from the pixel region can be completely prevented by the lattice-shaped light-shielding film 12, so that display quality can be improved. Further, in this liquid crystal display element, of the vertical and horizontal line portions of the lattice-shaped light-shielding film 12, only the width of the horizontal line portion 12a is increased in the rubbing direction, and the width of the vertical line portion 12a does not need to be increased. Since the opening area of the pixel region regulated by the lattice-shaped light-shielding film 12 is not so small, a high-brightness image with a high aperture ratio can be displayed.
なお、上記実施例では、下基板１側の配向膜５面を、
その下の走査電極３の長さ方向3aに対して45°以下（実
施例では20°）の角度θ1で交差する方向にラビング
し、上基板２側の配向膜６を、その下の信号電極４の長
さ方向4aに対して45°以上（実施例では70°）の角度θ
2で交差する方向にラビングしているが、この配向膜5,6
面のラビング方向は任意でよく、例えば下基板１側の配
向膜５面のラビング方向を走査電極３の長さ方向3aに対
応して45°以上とし、上基板２側の配向膜６面のラビン
グ方向を信号電極４の長さ方向4aに対して45°以下とし
た場合は、格子状遮光膜12の縦横の各線部のうち、 上基板２の各信号電極4,4間に対応する縦線部12bの幅
を、上基板２の配向膜６面の記ラビング方向に大きくす
ればよい。In the above embodiment, the surface of the alignment film 5 on the lower substrate 1 side is
Rubbing is performed in a direction intersecting at an angle θ 1 of 45 ° or less (20 ° in the embodiment) with respect to the longitudinal direction 3a of the scanning electrode 3 therebelow, and the alignment film 6 on the upper substrate 2 side is rubbed. An angle θ of 45 ° or more (70 ° in the embodiment) with respect to the length direction 4a of the electrode 4
Although rubbing is performed in the direction intersecting with 2 , the alignment films 5, 6
The rubbing direction of the surface may be arbitrary. For example, the rubbing direction of the surface of the alignment film 5 on the lower substrate 1 side is set to 45 ° or more corresponding to the length direction 3a of the scan electrode 3, and the rubbing direction of the surface of the alignment film 6 on the upper substrate 2 side When the rubbing direction is set to 45 ° or less with respect to the length direction 4 a of the signal electrode 4, the vertical and horizontal line portions of the grid-like light-shielding film 12 correspond to the vertical portions corresponding to between the signal electrodes 4 of the upper substrate 2. The width of the line portion 12b may be increased in the rubbing direction on the surface of the alignment film 6 of the upper substrate 2.
本考案の液晶表示素子は、格子状遮光膜の各線部のう
ち、配向膜面のラビング方向がこの配向膜の下の電極の
長さ方向に対して45°以下である基板の各電極間に対応
する線部の幅を前記ラビング方向に大きくしたものであ
るから、画素領域の開口面積はあまり小さくせずに、画
素領域からの漏光を格子状遮光膜によって防ぐことがで
きる。In the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, the rubbing direction of the alignment film surface is 45 ° or less with respect to the length direction of the electrode under the alignment film among the respective line portions of the lattice-shaped light-shielding film, between the respective electrodes of the substrate. Since the width of the corresponding line portion is increased in the rubbing direction, light leakage from the pixel region can be prevented by the lattice-shaped light shielding film without making the opening area of the pixel region too small.
第１図は本考案の一実施例を示す液晶表示素子の一部分
の平面図、第２図は第１図のII-II線に沿う拡大断面
図、第３図は従来の液晶表示素子の一部分の平面図、第
４図は第３図のIV-IV線に沿う拡大断面図である。 1,2……基板、３……走査電極、４……信号電極、5,6…
…配向膜、5a,6a……ラビング方向、7R,7G,7B……カラ
ーフィルタ、８……保護絶縁膜、９……液晶、10,11…
…偏光板、12……遮光膜、12a横線部、12b……縦線部、
Ａ……配向不良領域。FIG. 1 is a plan view of a part of a liquid crystal display device showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1,2 ... substrate, 3 ... scan electrode, 4 ... signal electrode, 5,6 ...
... Orientation film, 5a, 6a ... Rubbing direction, 7R, 7G, 7B ... Color filter, 8 ... Protective insulating film, 9 ... Liquid crystal, 10,11 ...
... Polarizing plate, 12 ... Light shielding film, 12a horizontal line, 12b ... vertical line,
A: Alignment defective area.
Claims (1)
行に形成しこの電極形成面上に配向膜を形成するととも
にこの配向膜面にラビングによる配向処理を施した第１
の基板と、前記走査電極と直交する多数本のストライプ
状信号電極を互いに平行に形成しこの電極形成面上に配
向膜を形成するとともにこの配向膜面にラビングによる
配向処理を施した第２の基板との間に液晶を封入すると
ともに、前記第１および第２の基板のいずれか一方に、
縦横の各線部がそれぞれ前記第１の基板の各電極間およ
び前記第２の基板の各電極間に対応する格子状遮光膜を
形成し、かつこの格子状遮光膜の各線部の幅を、その両
側縁がそれぞれ前記電極の縁部にラップする幅とした液
晶表示素子において、 前記格子状遮光膜の各線部のうち、配向膜面のラビング
方向がこの配向膜の下の電極の長さ方向に対して45°以
下である基板の各電極間に対応する線部の幅を、前記ラ
ビング方向に大きくしたことを特徴とする液晶表示素
子。A first method in which a number of stripe-shaped scanning electrodes are formed in parallel with each other, an alignment film is formed on the electrode forming surface, and the alignment film surface is subjected to an alignment treatment by rubbing.
A second substrate in which a plurality of striped signal electrodes orthogonal to the scanning electrodes are formed in parallel with each other, an alignment film is formed on the electrode forming surface, and an alignment process is performed on the alignment film surface by rubbing. While enclosing liquid crystal between the substrate and one of the first and second substrates,
Each of the vertical and horizontal line portions forms a grid-like light-shielding film corresponding to between each electrode of the first substrate and between each electrode of the second substrate, and the width of each line portion of this grid-like light-shielding film is determined by In a liquid crystal display element having both side edges each having a width wrapped around the edge of the electrode, the rubbing direction of the alignment film surface in each line portion of the lattice-shaped light-shielding film is in the length direction of the electrode below the alignment film. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the width of a line portion between the electrodes of the substrate, which is 45 ° or less, is increased in the rubbing direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12478390U JP2534055Y2 (en) | 1990-11-27 | 1990-11-27 | Liquid crystal display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12478390U JP2534055Y2 (en) | 1990-11-27 | 1990-11-27 | Liquid crystal display device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0481119U JPH0481119U (en) | 1992-07-15 |
| JP2534055Y2 true JP2534055Y2 (en) | 1997-04-30 |
Family
ID=31872414
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12478390U Expired - Lifetime JP2534055Y2 (en) | 1990-11-27 | 1990-11-27 | Liquid crystal display device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2534055Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2636592B2 (en) * | 1991-09-26 | 1997-07-30 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | LCD substrate |
-
1990
- 1990-11-27 JP JP12478390U patent/JP2534055Y2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0481119U (en) | 1992-07-15 |
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