JP2532655Y2 - Hydraulic control device for hydrostatic joint with multi-plate clutch - Google Patents

Hydraulic control device for hydrostatic joint with multi-plate clutch

Info

Publication number
JP2532655Y2
JP2532655Y2 JP1990021877U JP2187790U JP2532655Y2 JP 2532655 Y2 JP2532655 Y2 JP 2532655Y2 JP 1990021877 U JP1990021877 U JP 1990021877U JP 2187790 U JP2187790 U JP 2187790U JP 2532655 Y2 JP2532655 Y2 JP 2532655Y2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
piston
plate clutch
gear pump
orifice
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP1990021877U
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH03114636U (en
Inventor
秀樹 中村
定友 栗林
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kay Seven Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kay Seven Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kay Seven Co Ltd filed Critical Kay Seven Co Ltd
Priority to JP1990021877U priority Critical patent/JP2532655Y2/en
Publication of JPH03114636U publication Critical patent/JPH03114636U/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2532655Y2 publication Critical patent/JP2532655Y2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 4輪駆動の建設車輌などにおいて、内燃機関にトラン
スミッションを介して接続される後輪の駆動軸に入力軸
を、そして前輪への駆動軸に出力軸をそれぞれ接続する
歯車ポンプと多板クラッチとを同軸上に併設し、入、出
力軸間の回転数差に応じて歯車ポンプから発生する油圧
によって多板クラッチを係合するように構成した多板ク
ラッチ付静圧継手の油圧制御装置に関するものである。
[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) In a four-wheel drive construction vehicle or the like, an input shaft is used as a drive shaft of a rear wheel connected to an internal combustion engine via a transmission, and a drive shaft is used as a drive shaft to a front wheel. A gear pump and a multi-plate clutch for connecting the output shafts are coaxially provided, and the multi-plate clutch is engaged by a hydraulic pressure generated from the gear pump according to a difference in rotation speed between the input and output shafts. The present invention relates to a hydraulic control device for a hydrostatic coupling with a multi-plate clutch.

(従来の技術) 歯車ポンプのケーシングを入力軸に対して回転自在に
軸支し、このケーシングを出力軸と一体に設けた公知の
歯車ポンプ式静圧継手は、入出力軸間の回転数差に比例
してその吐出油量が増加し、ポンプの吐出口と吸込口と
を連通する油路にオリフィスのような流路抵抗を設ける
ことにより、吐出油量の増加に伴い油圧が上昇すること
から、歯車ポンプに回転抵抗を与えこの回転抵抗と出力
軸の負荷が釣合った回転数差で運転される。
(Prior Art) A known gear pump type hydrostatic joint in which a casing of a gear pump is rotatably supported with respect to an input shaft, and the casing is provided integrally with an output shaft, a rotational speed difference between the input and output shafts. The discharge oil amount increases in proportion to the pressure, and by providing a flow path resistance such as an orifice in the oil passage connecting the discharge port and the suction port of the pump, the oil pressure increases with the increase of the discharge oil amount. Thus, a rotational resistance is applied to the gear pump, and the gear pump is operated with a rotational speed difference that balances the rotational resistance with the load on the output shaft.

この原理を利用して、4輪駆動車両の前輪側の駆動軸
に、この歯車ポンプ式静圧継手を介して後輪駆動軸を接
続するように構成すると、後輪が悪路などでスリップし
たときに生ずる歯車ポンプ式静圧継手の入・出力軸間の
回転数差によって入・出力軸間を結合して前輪にも駆動
トルクを伝達し、後輪のスリップを防止することができ
る。
Using this principle, if the rear wheel drive shaft is connected to the drive shaft on the front wheel side of the four-wheel drive vehicle via this gear pump type hydrostatic joint, the rear wheel slips on rough roads etc. The input / output shafts are connected by the rotational speed difference between the input / output shafts of the gear pump type hydrostatic joint, which is sometimes generated, so that the drive torque is also transmitted to the front wheels and the rear wheels can be prevented from slipping.

又、通常の走行のときは入・出力軸間で、回転数差を
生じないので後輪による安定した駆動が得られる。
Also, during normal traveling, there is no difference in the number of revolutions between the input and output shafts, so that stable driving by the rear wheels can be obtained.

又、この歯車ポンプによって生じた圧油を、この歯車
ポンプとともに入・出力軸間に同軸に併設した多板クラ
ッチに与える構成にした多板クラッチ付静圧継手があ
り、この場合、歯車ポンプは、単に、多板クラッチの嵌
合に必要な圧油を供給するのみでよいことから、歯車ポ
ンプ式静圧継手に比べ歯車ポンプ自体を小形化すること
ができ、発生油圧に比例した大きな伝達トルクが得られ
るという効果があり、本考案に適用される多板クラッチ
付静圧継手の基本的構成もこれにもとづいている。
Also, there is a multi-plate clutch-equipped hydrostatic joint configured to apply pressure oil generated by the gear pump to a multi-plate clutch coaxially provided between the input and output shafts together with the gear pump. Since it is only necessary to supply the pressure oil necessary for fitting the multi-plate clutch, the gear pump itself can be downsized compared to the gear pump type hydrostatic joint, and a large transmission torque proportional to the generated oil pressure can be obtained. The basic configuration of the hydrostatic coupling with a multi-plate clutch applied to the present invention is also based on this.

従来、多板クラッチの押圧ピストンに与えられる油圧
の大きさは歯車ポンプの吐出側と吸込側とを連通する油
路に適当な径の固定オリフィスを設けることによって与
えられている。
Conventionally, the magnitude of the hydraulic pressure applied to the pressing piston of the multi-plate clutch is provided by providing a fixed orifice having an appropriate diameter in an oil passage communicating between the discharge side and the suction side of the gear pump.

(考案が解決しようとする問題点) 上記の如く固定オリフィスを設け入・出力軸間の回転
数差に応じて歯車ポンプで発生した油圧を多板クラッチ
に導いて得られる伝達トルクの特性は第4図に実線で示
すように、入・出力軸間の回転数差の2乗に比例して増
加し、回転数差の小さいときは伝達トルクは僅かであ
る。
(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The characteristics of the transmission torque obtained by providing the fixed orifice as described above and guiding the hydraulic pressure generated by the gear pump to the multi-plate clutch according to the rotational speed difference between the input and output shafts are as follows. As shown by the solid line in FIG. 4, the torque increases in proportion to the square of the rotational speed difference between the input and output shafts. When the rotational speed difference is small, the transmission torque is small.

このことは、例えばゆるいカーブでのコーナリングな
どで前後輪の間で僅かに生ずる回転速度の違いでは多板
クラッチを押しつける油圧は零に近いので多板クラッチ
は脱の状態になり、スムーズなコーナリングを可能にす
る。又、悪路などで後輪が空転して入出力軸間で大きな
回転数差を生ずると歯車ポンプの発生油圧が大きくなる
ことから、第4図の実線に示すように多板クラッチの伝
達トルクが大幅に増加して前輪が駆動しはじめ、同時に
後輪の空転を防止し悪路から脱出する事ができる。しか
し、回転数差に対する発生トルクが大きいので、小さな
回転半径で旋回する時にタイトコーナーブレーキング現
象が生じ易く、これを防止するために入・出力軸間の回
転数差の小さい範囲の発生油圧は低く押さえる必要があ
る。
This is because, for example, in the case of a slight difference in rotation speed between the front and rear wheels due to cornering at a gentle curve, the hydraulic pressure that presses the multi-plate clutch is close to zero, so the multi-plate clutch is disengaged and smooth cornering is achieved. to enable. Also, if the rear wheel idles on a rough road and causes a large rotational speed difference between the input and output shafts, the hydraulic pressure generated by the gear pump increases, so the transmission torque of the multi-plate clutch as shown by the solid line in FIG. And the front wheels begin to drive, and at the same time, the rear wheels can be prevented from spinning and can escape from rough roads. However, since the generated torque with respect to the rotational speed difference is large, a tight corner braking phenomenon is likely to occur when turning with a small turning radius, and in order to prevent this, the generated hydraulic pressure in the small range of the rotational speed difference between the input and output shafts is It is necessary to keep it low.

ところが、オリフィスの径の変化のみで得られる油圧
特性では回転数差の小さい範囲の油圧が低圧になるよう
にオリフィスの径を設定すると、必然的に回転数差の大
きな範囲の油圧も低くなってしまう。これでは悪路など
で後輪が空転して入・出力軸間に大きな回転数差が生じ
て脱出に必要なトルクが得られず、スリップ状態が長時
間続くことになり、特に、この多板クラッチが密閉ケー
ス内にあって冷却を自然放熱にたよっている場合は、潤
滑油の温度が上昇してクラッチ板が焼損を受けるという
問題がある。又、回転数差が小さい範囲における油圧を
高くすると先に述べたようにタイトコーナーブレーキン
グ現象を生じるほかに、一般走行時におけるクラッチの
ひきずり損失が大きくなって燃料消費率が悪くなるとい
う問題がある。
However, in the hydraulic characteristics obtained only by changing the diameter of the orifice, if the diameter of the orifice is set so that the hydraulic pressure in the small range of the rotational speed difference becomes low, the hydraulic pressure in the large range of the rotational speed difference will inevitably decrease. I will. In this case, the rear wheel spins on rough roads, causing a large rotational speed difference between the input and output shafts, and the torque required for escape cannot be obtained, and the slip condition continues for a long time. When the clutch is in a closed case and relies on natural heat for cooling, there is a problem that the temperature of the lubricating oil rises and the clutch plate is burned. In addition, when the hydraulic pressure in a range where the rotational speed difference is small is increased, in addition to the tight corner braking phenomenon as described above, in addition to the problem that the drag loss of the clutch during ordinary driving increases, the fuel consumption rate deteriorates. is there.

(問題を解決するための手段) 上記の問題点を解決するため、本考案は、入力軸と出
力軸の回転数差に応じて吐出する歯車ポンプの圧油を多
板クラッチのピストン室に供給するように構成した多板
クラッチ付静圧継手において、前記歯車ポンプを構成す
る一方の側板を介して多板クラッチのピストン室を、他
方の側板を介して歯車ポンプ吸い込み側に連通する貯油
室をそれぞれ設け、前記ピストン室と貯油室とを連通す
る循環油路としての円筒状のシリンダーを両側板に貫通
させて固着し、このシリンダー内に、両側端に開口する
オリフィス孔を設けたピストンを摺動自在に嵌挿すると
共に、このピストンの一方の端面はピストン室の押圧力
を受け、他方の端面は前記循環油路を開閉するように移
動するボール弁を介したばねの力を受けてピストンが軸
方向に摺動するよう形成したオリフィス付ピストン作動
形開閉弁を設けたことを特徴としている。
(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention supplies the pressure oil of the gear pump that discharges according to the rotational speed difference between the input shaft and the output shaft to the piston chamber of the multi-plate clutch. In the hydrostatic coupling with a multi-plate clutch, the oil storage chamber communicating with the piston chamber of the multi-plate clutch via one side plate constituting the gear pump and the gear pump suction side via the other side plate. A cylindrical cylinder as a circulating oil passage communicating between the piston chamber and the oil storage chamber is penetrated and fixed to both side plates, and a piston provided with orifice holes opened at both ends in the cylinder is slidable. One end face of the piston receives the pressing force of the piston chamber, and the other end face receives the force of a spring via a ball valve that moves to open and close the circulating oil passage. A piston-operated on-off valve with an orifice formed so that the stone slides in the axial direction is provided.

(実施例) 本考案の油圧制御装置を有する多板クラッチ付静圧継
手1を設置した車輌の動力伝達系を第1図に示す。
(Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows a power transmission system of a vehicle provided with a hydrostatic coupling 1 with a multi-plate clutch having the hydraulic control device of the present invention.

第1図において、内燃機関2からの動力は一般にトル
クコンバータを有する歯車式トランスミッション3で変
速されてから後輪に、後輪駆動軸5より後輪差動歯車6
を経て、又、前輪7に、後輪駆動軸5に接続する多板ク
ラッチ付静圧継手1の入力軸8から静圧継手1、この静
圧継手1の出力軸である前輪駆動軸9、及び、前輪差動
歯車10を経てそれぞれ伝達されるように構成されてい
る。
In FIG. 1, power from an internal combustion engine 2 is generally shifted by a gear transmission 3 having a torque converter, and then transmitted to a rear wheel from a rear wheel drive shaft 5 to a rear wheel differential gear 6.
Through the input shaft 8 of the hydrostatic joint 1 with a multi-plate clutch connected to the rear wheel drive shaft 5 from the input shaft 8 to the front wheel 7, the front wheel drive shaft 9, which is the output shaft of the hydrostatic joint 1, In addition, it is configured to be transmitted via the front wheel differential gear 10.

第2、3図は、本考案の油圧制御装置を設けた多板ク
ラッチ付静圧継手の一実施例を図示したもので、第2図
は、第3図のI−I断面、並びに吸込逆止弁と吐出逆止
弁の取付部分のI′−I′断面を、そして、第3図は、
第2図のII−II断面をそれぞれ図示したものである。
2 and 3 show an embodiment of a hydrostatic joint with a multi-plate clutch provided with the hydraulic control device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II of FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line I′-I ′ of the mounting portion of the stop valve and the discharge check valve, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

第2、3図を参照して多板クラッチ付静圧継手及び及
本考案の油圧制御装置の構成を説明する。
Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the configurations of the hydrostatic joint with a multi-plate clutch and the hydraulic control device of the present invention will be described.

歯車ポンプ11の入力側となるピニオン12及び13を軸支
するポンプの側板14及び15を、多板クラッチ16の入力側
となるハブ17と一体に結合し、このハブ17の内周スプラ
イン18に、後輪駆動軸5に接続された入力軸8(図示せ
ず)が嵌挿される。
The side plates 14 and 15 of the pump that supports the pinions 12 and 13 on the input side of the gear pump 11 are integrally connected to a hub 17 on the input side of the multi-plate clutch 16, and the inner peripheral spline 18 of the hub 17 The input shaft 8 (not shown) connected to the rear wheel drive shaft 5 is fitted.

一方、前輪駆動軸9(図示せず)にスプライン19で結
合する出力軸20は、この出力軸20と一体のカバー21を介
して歯車ポンプ11の出力側となる内歯歯車22と一体に接
続し、更に、多板クラッチ16の出力側となるカバー23を
一体に接続して、多板クラッチ付静圧継手1のカバーと
一体に回転するようになっている。
On the other hand, an output shaft 20 connected to the front wheel drive shaft 9 (not shown) by a spline 19 is integrally connected to an internal gear 22 on the output side of the gear pump 11 via a cover 21 integrated with the output shaft 20. Further, a cover 23 serving as an output side of the multi-plate clutch 16 is integrally connected to rotate integrally with the cover of the hydrostatic joint 1 with the multi-plate clutch.

側板14及び15はスペーサ24を介してボルト(25)によ
って一体に結合され、この側板14及び15に貫通させて固
着した軸26及び後述するオリフィス付ピストン作動形開
閉弁を兼ねた軸27にそれぞれピニオン12及び13が回転自
在に軸支され、ピニオン12、13は内歯歯車22とかみ合
い、スペーサ24に形成した円弧状の隔壁面28、29に液密
に接しながら回転する。そして、ピニオン12、13及び内
歯歯車22がかみ合う前後に一対の油室30、31、32及び33
を形成し、歯車の回転にともない、圧油が送り出される
側が高圧室に、吸い込まれる側が低圧室となる。例え
ば、第3図に矢印で示すように入力側のスペーサ24と出
力側22とが相対回転したとすると、ピニオンは矢印の如
く回転されることから油室30、31が高圧室に、油室32、
33が低圧室となる。
The side plates 14 and 15 are integrally connected by bolts (25) via spacers 24, and are respectively connected to a shaft 26 penetrating and fixed to the side plates 14 and 15, and a shaft 27 which also serves as a piston-operated on-off valve with orifice described later. The pinions 12 and 13 are rotatably supported by the shaft. The pinions 12 and 13 mesh with the internal gear 22 and rotate while being in liquid-tight contact with the arc-shaped partition walls 28 and 29 formed on the spacer 24. A pair of oil chambers 30, 31, 32, and 33 before and after the pinions 12, 13 and the internal gear 22 mesh with each other.
With the rotation of the gear, the side from which the pressure oil is sent out becomes the high-pressure chamber, and the side on which the pressure oil is sucked becomes the low-pressure chamber. For example, if the input side spacer 24 and the output side 22 rotate relative to each other as shown by an arrow in FIG. 3, the pinions are rotated as shown by the arrows. 32,
33 is a low pressure chamber.

この各油室30、31、32及び33の両側面を区画する一方
の側板15には、多板クラッチ16のピストン室34に連通
し、油圧が高圧のとき、ピストン室34に向って開口する
ように、ばね35の押圧力で弁座36に当接しているボール
弁37を油圧で移動する構成とした吐出逆止弁38を、そし
て、同じく油室を区画する他方の側板14には、貯油室39
に連通し、油室が低圧のとき、貯油室39から油室に向っ
て開口するように、ばね40の押圧力で弁座41に当接して
いるボール弁42を油圧で移動する構成とした吸込逆止弁
43をそれぞれ貫通させて設け、歯車ポンプの入出力軸の
相対回転の方向に関係なく、吐出側となる高圧の油室は
ピストン室34に吐出逆止弁38を介して、そして、吸込側
となる低圧の油室は貯油室39に吸込逆止弁43を介してそ
れぞれ連通するように構成されている。
One of the side plates 15 defining both sides of each of the oil chambers 30, 31, 32 and 33 communicates with the piston chamber 34 of the multi-plate clutch 16 and opens toward the piston chamber 34 when the hydraulic pressure is high. As described above, the discharge check valve 38 configured to hydraulically move the ball valve 37 that is in contact with the valve seat 36 with the pressing force of the spring 35, and the other side plate 14 that also partitions the oil chamber, Oil storage room 39
When the oil chamber is at a low pressure, the ball valve 42 in contact with the valve seat 41 by the pressing force of the spring 40 is hydraulically moved so as to open from the oil storage chamber 39 toward the oil chamber. Suction check valve
The high-pressure oil chamber on the discharge side is connected to the piston chamber 34 via the discharge check valve 38, and regardless of the relative rotation direction of the input / output shaft of the gear pump. The low-pressure oil chambers are configured to communicate with the oil storage chamber 39 via the suction check valve 43, respectively.

ピストン室34と貯油室39との間には、本考案のオリフ
ィス付ピストン作動形開閉弁44が、ピストン室34を貯油
室39に連通するように側板14、15及びピニオン12の軸27
を貫通させて設けられている。
Between the piston chamber 34 and the oil storage chamber 39, the piston-operated on-off valve 44 with orifice of the present invention is provided so that the side plates 14, 15 and the shaft 27 of the pinion 12 can communicate the piston chamber 34 with the oil storage chamber 39.
Are provided so as to penetrate through.

このオリフィス付ピストン作動形開閉弁44は、ピニオ
ン12の円筒状の軸27の内周部に両側端に開口するオリフ
ィス孔45を設けたピストン46を軸方向摺動自在に嵌挿
し、このオリフィス孔45の両端の開口部に接続する径方
向の溝47を有する突起48を構成して、この端部が当接し
たときも開口が閉塞されないようになっている。
The piston-operated on-off valve 44 with orifice is provided with a piston 46 having orifice holes 45 opened at both ends in the inner peripheral portion of the cylindrical shaft 27 of the pinion 12 slidably fitted in the axial direction. A projection 48 having a radial groove 47 connected to the opening at both ends of the 45 is formed so that the opening is not closed even when this end abuts.

このピストン46の図面上での右端は、ピストン室34に
連通する開口部49に当接するように貯油室39への開口部
50の内周の段部51に係止するばね52で、弁座53に当接す
るように移動するボール弁54を介して押圧される。
The right end of the piston 46 in the drawing is an opening to the oil storage chamber 39 so as to abut an opening 49 communicating with the piston chamber 34.
A spring 52 that is locked to a step portion 51 on the inner periphery of 50 is pressed via a ball valve 54 that moves so as to contact a valve seat 53.

多板クラッチ16は、その入力側のハブ17の外周のスプ
ライン55に内側クラッチ板56を、その出力側の円筒状の
カバー23の内周のスプライン57に外側クラッチ板58をそ
れぞれ軸方向摺動自在に交互に配列させて嵌挿し、ハブ
17と側板15とによって構成されたシリンダー59に軸方向
摺動自在に嵌挿した環状の押圧ピストン60と、カバー23
に固定されたバッキングプレート61との間で押圧されて
嵌合されるように構成されている。
The multi-plate clutch 16 axially slides the inner clutch plate 56 on a spline 55 on the outer periphery of the input hub 17 and the outer clutch plate 58 on a spline 57 on the inner periphery of the cylindrical cover 23 on the output side. Arrange freely and alternately, insert and insert, hub
An annular pressing piston 60 axially slidably fitted in a cylinder 59 formed by the cover 17 and the side plate 15;
It is configured so as to be pressed and fitted between the backing plate 61 fixed to the base plate.

上記のように構成された本考案のオリフィス付ピスト
ン作動形開閉弁を有する多板クラッチ付静圧継手の作動
について説明する。
The operation of the hydrostatic coupling with a multi-plate clutch having the piston-operated on-off valve with orifice of the present invention configured as described above will be described.

車輌が通常の走行状態にあるときは、多板クラッチ付
静圧継手の入力側と出力側の回転速度がほぼ等しく、入
・出力軸間の相対回転が殆どないことから、歯車ポンプ
11は、入力側のピニオン12、13の軸27、26と出力側の内
歯歯車22とが、ほぼ一体に回転して、ピニオン12、13が
その軸26、27の周りに自転しないことから油圧を発生し
ない。従って、多板クラッチ16は押圧されないことから
前輪への動力伝達はなされず、車輌は後輪のみの駆動で
安定した走行が得られる。
When the vehicle is in a normal running state, the rotational speeds on the input side and the output side of the hydrostatic coupling with a multi-plate clutch are almost equal, and there is almost no relative rotation between the input and output shafts.
11 is because the shafts 27 and 26 of the input side pinions 12 and 13 and the internal gear 22 on the output side rotate almost integrally, and the pinions 12 and 13 do not rotate around the shafts 26 and 27. Does not generate hydraulic pressure. Accordingly, since the multi-plate clutch 16 is not pressed, power is not transmitted to the front wheels, and the vehicle can run stably by driving only the rear wheels.

ところで、悪路などで後輪が空転すると、後輪駆動軸
5、即ち、入力軸8の回転が急増することから、歯車ポ
ンプ11の入力側と出力側との間で相対回転を生じ、ピニ
オン12、13がそれぞれの軸27、26の周りに自転しはじめ
る。例えば、第3図に示すように各々矢印a,bの方向に
相対回転をするときは、ピニオン12、13は矢印Cの方向
に回転させられることになる。
By the way, when the rear wheel idles on a bad road or the like, the rotation of the rear wheel drive shaft 5, that is, the input shaft 8 is rapidly increased, so that relative rotation occurs between the input side and the output side of the gear pump 11, and the pinion 12, 13 begin to rotate around their respective axes 27, 26. For example, when the pinions 12 and 13 are rotated in the directions of arrows a and b, respectively, as shown in FIG. 3, the pinions 12 and 13 are rotated in the direction of arrow C.

その結果、油室30と31とが吐出側の高圧室となり、油
室32と33とが吸込側の低圧室となる。高圧室の圧油は、
それぞれの吐出逆止弁(38)のボール弁(37)をばね
(35)に抗して押圧して、弁座(36)から離して開口
し、ピストン室34に流入することから、押圧ピストン60
が押圧されて、クラッチ板56,58を押圧して入力軸8と
出力軸20とを接続し、前輪にもトルクを伝達して後輪の
空転を防止するように作用する。
As a result, the oil chambers 30 and 31 become high-pressure chambers on the discharge side, and the oil chambers 32 and 33 become low-pressure chambers on the suction side. The pressure oil in the high pressure chamber is
The ball valves (37) of the respective discharge check valves (38) are pressed against the springs (35), open apart from the valve seats (36), and flow into the piston chamber 34. 60
Is pressed to press the clutch plates 56 and 58 to connect the input shaft 8 and the output shaft 20, and to transmit torque to the front wheels to prevent the rear wheels from idling.

この際、ピストン室34内の油圧は、オリフィス付ピス
トン作動形開閉弁44で制御される。
At this time, the oil pressure in the piston chamber 34 is controlled by a piston-operated on-off valve 44 with an orifice.

まず、入・出力軸の回転速度差が小さくて、ピストン
室の油圧がそれ程高くないときは、ばね52によってボー
ル弁54を介して押圧されているピストン45は図中で右端
に当接されて、ボール弁54が弁座53を開いているので、
ピストン室34内の圧油は、ピストン46の両端部の突起
(48)の溝(47)と連通するオリフィス孔(45)を経て
流量を絞られて貯油室39に流出し、次いで、低圧の油室
32,33の吸込逆止弁(43)のボール弁(42)をばね(4
0)の押圧力に抗して押圧して弁座(41)から離して開
口し、油室32,33に流入し、以後、上記した如く循環す
る。そしてピストン室の油圧は、このオリフィス孔45の
径を変えることによってその油圧特性が変えられ、入・
出力軸の相対回転数の大きさ、即ち、回転数差の2乗に
比例して増加する油圧として与えられる。即ち、オリフ
ィス孔45の径を小さくする程流路抵抗が増加するから油
圧の立上りが大きくなってくる。
First, when the rotation speed difference between the input and output shafts is small and the oil pressure in the piston chamber is not so high, the piston 45 pressed by the spring 52 via the ball valve 54 comes into contact with the right end in the drawing. Since the ball valve 54 opens the valve seat 53,
The pressure oil in the piston chamber 34 is reduced in flow rate through the orifice hole (45) communicating with the groove (47) of the projection (48) at both ends of the piston 46 and flows out to the oil storage chamber 39, Oil chamber
Spring the ball valve (42) of the suction check valve (43)
It is pressed against the pressing force of (0), opens away from the valve seat (41), flows into the oil chambers 32, 33, and thereafter circulates as described above. The hydraulic pressure in the piston chamber is changed by changing the diameter of the orifice hole 45 to change the hydraulic characteristics.
It is given as a hydraulic pressure that increases in proportion to the magnitude of the relative rotation speed of the output shaft, that is, the square of the rotation speed difference. That is, as the diameter of the orifice hole 45 decreases, the flow path resistance increases, so that the rise of the hydraulic pressure increases.

第4図は、入・出力軸間の回転数差に対して変化する
油圧によって多板クラッチに与えられる伝達トルクで示
したもので、回転数差の2乗に比例した増加を示す。
FIG. 4 shows the transmission torque applied to the multiple disc clutch by the hydraulic pressure that changes with respect to the rotational speed difference between the input and output shafts, and shows an increase proportional to the square of the rotational speed difference.

ところで回転数差が、第4図に示すように増加してr
に達すると、上昇したピストン室34の油圧によって、ピ
ストン46が、ばね52の押圧力に抗してボール弁54を弁座
53に当接するまで押圧して、弁座53を閉塞するように作
動する。
Incidentally, the rotational speed difference increases as shown in FIG.
Is reached, the piston 46 raises the oil pressure of the piston chamber 34, and the piston 46 pushes the ball valve 54 against the pressing force of the spring 52.
The valve seat 53 is pressed until it comes into contact with the valve seat 53, so that the valve seat 53 is closed.

その結果、圧油の循環は歯車とそれに接する壁面との
僅かな隙間を流れることによって与えられるものだけと
なり、この流路抵抗が大きいことからピストン室34の油
圧が急上昇し、第4図に点線で示すように伝達トルクも
急に増加し、その後の立上りも大きなものとなる。この
大きな伝達トルクが前輪駆動軸に作用することによって
悪路から速やかに脱出することができるため、クラッチ
板の焼損を未然に防ぐことができる。
As a result, the circulation of the pressure oil is only given by flowing through a small gap between the gear and the wall surface in contact with the gear. Due to the large flow path resistance, the oil pressure in the piston chamber 34 rapidly rises, and the dotted line in FIG. As shown by (1), the transmission torque also suddenly increases, and the subsequent rise becomes large. Since this large transmission torque acts on the front wheel drive shaft, the vehicle can quickly escape from a bad road, so that it is possible to prevent the clutch plate from burning out.

次に、上記のオリフィス付ピストン作動形開閉弁44よ
りもばね力が弱くオリフィス径の大きい同じような構成
のオリフィス付ピストン作動形開閉弁を、例えば、ピニ
オン13の軸26に併設して、この弁が、歯車ポンプ11の上
昇する吐出圧力がまだ低い段階で、例えば、第4図に示
すように回転数差r′で弁座を閉塞するようにした場
合、それまでのピストン室34の油圧は、両方の弁を経て
圧油を流出することになり、一点鎖線で示すように回転
数差r′まで伝達トルクを低く維持することができる。
その結果、車の種類、使い方等によって差のあるタイト
コーナーブレーキング現象も、回転数差が小さい範囲の
伝達トルク特性を変えることによって防止することがで
きる。
Next, a piston-operated on-off valve with an orifice having a similar configuration having a smaller spring force and a larger orifice diameter than the above-mentioned piston-operated on-off valve with orifice 44 is provided along with the shaft 26 of the pinion 13, for example. If the valve closes the valve seat at a stage where the rising discharge pressure of the gear pump 11 is still low, for example, as shown in FIG. Causes the pressure oil to flow out through both valves, and the transmission torque can be kept low up to the rotational speed difference r 'as shown by the dashed line.
As a result, the tight corner braking phenomenon, which varies depending on the type and usage of the vehicle, can be prevented by changing the transmission torque characteristics in a range where the rotational speed difference is small.

(考案の効果) 本考案では、入力軸と出力軸の回転数差に応じて吐出
する歯車ポンプの吐出圧力を、所定の回転数差以上では
急激に増加するように、また、回転数差の少ない範囲で
はより低くするように作用する油圧制御装置を多板クラ
ッチ付静圧継手に設けたので、静圧継手の出力トルク特
性を必要に応じて階段状に設定することができる。これ
により、この油圧制御装置を備えた多板クラッチ付静圧
継手を、例えば4輪駆動車両の前輪駆動軸に設け、この
静圧継手を介して後輪駆動軸を接続するように構成する
と、悪路などに前輪または後輪を落とした際により大き
な出力トルクが得られて悪路から速やかに脱出すること
ができ、クラッチ板の焼損を未然に防ぐ効果がある。ま
た、回転数差の少ない範囲ではより小さい出力トルクが
得られるので、車の種類や使い方等によって差のあるタ
イトコーナーブレーキング現象の発生防止と、一般走行
時におけるクラッチ板のひきずり損失減少に伴う燃費向
上の効果がある。
(Effects of the Invention) In the present invention, the discharge pressure of the gear pump, which is discharged in accordance with the rotational speed difference between the input shaft and the output shaft, is increased sharply at a predetermined rotational speed difference or more. Since the hydraulic control device acting to lower the pressure in a small range is provided in the hydrostatic joint with the multi-plate clutch, the output torque characteristics of the hydrostatic joint can be set in a stepwise manner as required. Thus, when a static pressure coupling with a multi-plate clutch equipped with the hydraulic control device is provided on, for example, a front wheel drive shaft of a four-wheel drive vehicle, and the rear wheel drive shaft is connected via the static pressure coupling, When the front wheel or the rear wheel is dropped on a rough road or the like, a larger output torque can be obtained, and the vehicle can escape quickly from the rough road, thereby preventing the clutch plate from burning out. In addition, a smaller output torque can be obtained in a range where the rotational speed difference is small, so that a tight corner braking phenomenon that differs depending on the type and usage of the vehicle is prevented, and the drag loss of the clutch plate during general traveling is reduced. It has the effect of improving fuel efficiency.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第1図は本考案の油圧制御装置を有する多板クラッチ付
静圧継手を設置した車輌の動力伝達系を、第2図は第3
図のI−I断面、並びに吸込逆止弁と吐出逆止弁の取付
部分のI′−I′断面を、第3図は第2図のII−II断面
を、そして第4図は入出力軸間の毎分当りの回転数差と
伝達トルクの関係をそれぞれ図示したものである。 8…入力軸、11…歯車ポンプ、12,13…ピニオン、14,15
…側板、16…多板クラッチ、20…出力軸、21,23…カバ
ー、24…スペーサ、26,27…軸、30,31,32,33…油室、34
…ピストン室、35,40,52…ばね、37,42,54…ボール弁、
38…吐出逆止弁、39…貯油室、43…吸込逆止弁、44…オ
リフィス付ピストン作動形開閉弁、45…オリフィス孔、
46…ピストン、49,50…開口部、60…押圧ピストン
FIG. 1 shows a power transmission system of a vehicle equipped with a hydrostatic joint with a multi-plate clutch having the hydraulic control device of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 2, a section taken along the line I'-I 'of the mounting portion of the suction check valve and the discharge check valve, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a rotational speed difference per minute between shafts and a transmission torque. 8 ... Input shaft, 11 ... Gear pump, 12,13 ... Pinion, 14,15
... side plate, 16 ... multi-plate clutch, 20 ... output shaft, 21,23 ... cover, 24 ... spacer, 26,27 ... shaft, 30,31,32,33 ... oil chamber, 34
... piston chamber, 35, 40, 52 ... spring, 37, 42, 54 ... ball valve,
38: discharge check valve, 39: oil storage chamber, 43: suction check valve, 44: piston operated on-off valve with orifice, 45: orifice hole,
46… Piston, 49,50… Opening, 60… Pressing piston

Claims (3)

(57)【実用新案登録請求の範囲】(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 【請求項1】入力軸と出力軸との間に歯車ポンプと多板
クラッチとを同軸的に併設し、この入力軸と出力軸の回
転数差に応じて吐出する歯車ポンプの圧油を多板クラッ
チのピストン室に供給し、前記入力軸と出力軸とを結合
するように構成した多板クラッチ付静圧継手において、
前記歯車ポンプを構成する一方の側板を介して多板クラ
ッチのピストン室を、他方の側板を介して歯車ポンプ吸
い込み側に連通する貯油室をそれぞれ設け、前記ピスト
ン室と貯油室とを連通する循環油路としての円筒状のシ
リンダーを両側板に貫通させて固着し、このシリンダー
内に、両側端に開口するオリフィス孔を設けたピストン
を摺動自在に嵌挿すると共に、このピストンの一方の端
面はピストン室の押圧力を受け、他方の端面は前記循環
油路を開閉するように移動するボール弁を介したばねの
力を受けてピストンが軸方向に摺動するよう形成したオ
リフィス付ピストン作動形開閉弁を設けたことを特徴と
する多板クラッチ付静圧継手の油圧制御装置。
A gear pump and a multi-plate clutch are coaxially provided between an input shaft and an output shaft, and the pressure oil of the gear pump discharged in accordance with the difference in the number of rotations between the input shaft and the output shaft is increased. In the static pressure coupling with a multi-plate clutch, which is supplied to the piston chamber of the plate clutch and configured to couple the input shaft and the output shaft,
A circulation chamber that communicates with the piston chamber of the multi-plate clutch via one side plate constituting the gear pump and an oil storage chamber communicating with the gear pump suction side via the other side plate, respectively. A cylindrical cylinder as an oil passage is penetrated and fixed to both side plates, and a piston having orifice holes opened at both ends is slidably fitted into the cylinder, and one end face of the piston is provided. Is a piston actuation type with an orifice formed so that the piston is slid in the axial direction under the force of a spring via a ball valve that moves so as to open and close the circulating oil passage. A hydraulic control device for a hydrostatic joint with a multi-plate clutch, comprising an on-off valve.
【請求項2】オリフィス孔の径及びばね力のどちらか一
方、又は両方を変えたオリフィス付ピストン作動形開閉
弁を複数個併設したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の多
板クラッチ付静圧継手の油圧制御装置。
2. The static pressure with a multi-plate clutch according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of piston-operated on-off valves with orifices in which one or both of the diameter of the orifice hole and the spring force are changed. Hydraulic control device for joints.
【請求項3】オリフィス付ピストン作動形開閉弁のシリ
ンダーを、歯車ポンプのピニオンを回転支持する軸と一
体に形成したことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の多
板クラッチ付静圧継手の油圧制御装置。
3. The hydrostatic coupling with a multi-plate clutch according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder of the piston-operated on-off valve with an orifice is formed integrally with a shaft that rotatably supports a pinion of the gear pump. Hydraulic control device.
JP1990021877U 1990-03-06 1990-03-06 Hydraulic control device for hydrostatic joint with multi-plate clutch Expired - Lifetime JP2532655Y2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1990021877U JP2532655Y2 (en) 1990-03-06 1990-03-06 Hydraulic control device for hydrostatic joint with multi-plate clutch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1990021877U JP2532655Y2 (en) 1990-03-06 1990-03-06 Hydraulic control device for hydrostatic joint with multi-plate clutch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03114636U JPH03114636U (en) 1991-11-26
JP2532655Y2 true JP2532655Y2 (en) 1997-04-16

Family

ID=31524908

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1990021877U Expired - Lifetime JP2532655Y2 (en) 1990-03-06 1990-03-06 Hydraulic control device for hydrostatic joint with multi-plate clutch

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2532655Y2 (en)

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6163696A (en) * 1984-09-05 1986-04-01 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Novel peptide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH03114636U (en) 1991-11-26

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