JP2529871B2 - Automotive engine unit - Google Patents
Automotive engine unitInfo
- Publication number
- JP2529871B2 JP2529871B2 JP30154287A JP30154287A JP2529871B2 JP 2529871 B2 JP2529871 B2 JP 2529871B2 JP 30154287 A JP30154287 A JP 30154287A JP 30154287 A JP30154287 A JP 30154287A JP 2529871 B2 JP2529871 B2 JP 2529871B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- vehicle
- engine unit
- transmission
- crankcase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
- B60K5/04—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units with the engine main axis, e.g. crankshaft axis, transversely to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/12—Closed-circuit lubricating systems not provided for in groups F01M1/02 - F01M1/10
- F01M2001/126—Dry-sumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は自動車のエンジンユニツトに関するもの
で、特に前輪駆動形自動車に好適なエンジンと変速機お
よび差動機構のレイアウトに関するものである。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an engine unit of an automobile, and more particularly to a layout of an engine, a transmission and a differential mechanism suitable for a front wheel drive type automobile.
従来、車室前側のエンジン室内に配置された前輪駆動
形エンジンは、一般にクランク軸やクランク軸によつて
駆動される変速機軸を車軸と平行に配置し、クランク軸
と協働する複数のシリンダを直立あるいは前傾させた
上、クランク軸から後方へ順次変速機軸と差動歯車軸を
配置したものが多くみられる。Conventionally, a front wheel drive type engine arranged in the engine compartment on the front side of the vehicle compartment generally has a crankshaft and a transmission shaft driven by the crankshaft arranged in parallel with the axle, and has a plurality of cylinders cooperating with the crankshaft. In many cases, the transmission shaft and the differential gear shaft are arranged in order from the crankshaft to the rear after being vertically or tilted forward.
他方、近年は車室内を広くしかつ車室前面の視界を広
げるためにエンジンフードを低くし、しかもエンジン室
内の容積を狭くすることが要求されているので、それを
充足すべくエンジン室内におけるエンジンや変速機ある
いはクラツチの配置について小型化のための種々の構成
が試行されている。On the other hand, in recent years, it has been required to lower the engine hood to widen the interior of the vehicle and to widen the visibility of the front of the vehicle, and to reduce the volume of the engine interior. Various configurations for reducing the size of the arrangement of the transmission, the transmission, and the clutch have been tried.
しかしながら、それらのエンジンは車両の衝突時に燃
料系の部品や配管が損傷するのを防止するため、ほとん
ど共通してエンジンユニツトの最前端にシリンダを配置
しその後方に燃料系部品や燃料管を配置しているので、
背の高いシリンダがエンジンフードの前側に配置される
こととなり、エンジンフードの高さを低くすることが困
難であつた。また、このような不具合を回避するべくエ
ンジンを前傾させることも行なわれたがエンジン室内の
前後方向長さが逆に増大してしまう不具合を招いてい
た。However, in order to prevent damage to fuel system parts and pipes in the case of a vehicle collision, most of these engines have a cylinder at the front end of the engine unit and fuel system parts and fuel pipes behind them. Because
Since the tall cylinder is arranged on the front side of the engine hood, it is difficult to reduce the height of the engine hood. Further, in order to avoid such a problem, the engine is tilted forward, but this causes a problem that the length in the front-rear direction in the engine chamber is increased conversely.
この発明は上記不具合を解消し、エンジンの燃料系部
品や配管がエンジンユニツトの最前列に出てしまうこと
のないよう配慮しつつ、外形を可及的にコンパクトに構
成した前輪駆動用のエンジンユニツトを得ることを目的
とするもので、車室前部のエンジン室内に上下に分割さ
れるクランクケースの間に挾持され、左右の前車軸より
前側に位置してこれと平行にクランク軸と変速機軸と順
次前側へ配置し、前記クランクケースの合せ面を前上が
りに傾斜させると共に、前記クランク軸と協働する各シ
リンダを後上方へ向けて傾斜させて設け、そこから車両
前方へ伸びる吸気管を配置すると共に、この吸気管に設
置される混合気の生成手段をクランクケースとシリンダ
列およびエンジンフードによつて形成される側面視が略
逆三角形の空間内に配置した点に特徴がある。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and prevents the fuel system parts and piping of the engine from appearing in the front row of the engine unit, and the engine unit for the front-wheel drive has a compact outer shape. It is held between the crankcases that are vertically divided into the engine compartment in the front of the vehicle compartment, and is located in front of the left and right front axles and is parallel to this. And the front side of the crankcase, the mating surface of the crankcase is tilted upward, and the cylinders that cooperate with the crankshaft are tilted rearward and upward. The air-fuel mixture generating means installed in the intake pipe is arranged in a space of a substantially inverted triangle formed by the crankcase, the cylinder row, and the engine hood in a side view. It is characterized in that the location.
シリンダ列の前側に変速機が配置され、かつシリンダ
列が後方に傾斜するので、エンジンフード後部の高い部
分に配されることとなる上、変速機の上側に比較的大き
な燃料系部品や配管用の空間が確保でき、しかも車両の
衝突時に前側から加えられる車体の変形はエンジン室の
最前端に配されたクランクケースによつて吸収される。Since the transmission is located on the front side of the cylinder row and the cylinder row is tilted rearward, it will be placed in the higher part of the rear part of the engine hood, and on top of the transmission there will be relatively large fuel system parts and piping. The space for the vehicle can be secured, and the deformation of the vehicle body applied from the front side when the vehicle collides is absorbed by the crankcase arranged at the foremost end of the engine compartment.
以下、図示の実施例によつてこの発明を説明すると、
第2図中、1は乗用車の車体前面に配置したエンジン室
であり、そこには前輪2を駆動するための横置形エンジ
ンユニツトEがクランク軸3を車体の幅方向に向けて搭
載されている。FはエンジンユニツトEの上面を覆うエ
ンジンフードであり、エンジン室の上限を規制する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the illustrated embodiments.
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes an engine compartment arranged in front of the body of a passenger vehicle, in which a transverse engine unit E for driving the front wheels 2 is mounted with a crankshaft 3 oriented in the width direction of the body. . F is an engine hood that covers the upper surface of the engine unit E and regulates the upper limit of the engine compartment.
エンジンユニツトEはエンジン(e)と変速機(t)
および車軸4上に設けた公知の差動歯車機構(d)とを
一体的に結合したもので、エンジン(e)の後方に差動
歯車機構(d)が配置され、変速機(t)はエンジン
(e)の側方に配置されていて、エンジン(e)と差動
歯車機構(d)とを連結している。(c)はエンジン
(e)と変速機(t)との間に介装される多板形の摩擦
クラツチである。The engine unit E is an engine (e) and a transmission (t).
And a known differential gear mechanism (d) provided on the axle 4 are integrally coupled, the differential gear mechanism (d) is disposed behind the engine (e), and the transmission (t) is It is arranged beside the engine (e) and connects the engine (e) and the differential gear mechanism (d). (C) is a multi-plate friction clutch interposed between the engine (e) and the transmission (t).
エンジン(e)は第1図で示すように、シリンダブロ
ツク5aとシリンダヘツド5b、およびピストン5cによつて
構成される燃焼室5を有する。燃焼室5には吸気通路6
と排気通路7とが接続されており、吸気通路6はエンジ
ン室1の前方へ伸びる吸気管6aによつて構成されてい
る。6bは吸入空気中へ燃料たるガソリンを供給して混合
気を生成する混合気の生成手段たる燃料噴射ノズルであ
り、気化器(図示してない)によつて代替することもで
きる。6cは各気筒の吸気通路6を互いに連結する連結通
路である。なお、3aは公知のクランク軸フライホイール
である。As shown in FIG. 1, the engine (e) has a combustion chamber 5 composed of a cylinder block 5a, a cylinder head 5b, and a piston 5c. Intake passage 6 in combustion chamber 5
And an exhaust passage 7 are connected to each other, and the intake passage 6 is constituted by an intake pipe 6a extending to the front of the engine compartment 1. 6b is a fuel injection nozzle which is a means for generating a mixture by supplying gasoline as a fuel to the intake air to generate a mixture, and can be replaced by a carburetor (not shown). Reference numeral 6c is a connection passage that connects the intake passages 6 of the respective cylinders to each other. Incidentally, 3a is a known crankshaft flywheel.
シリンダブロツク5aはシリンダ孔5dを列設してなるシ
リンダ列Rを構成するもので、シリンダ列Rは後方へ傾
斜して設けられ、シリンダヘツド5bは第1図および第3
図で示すように、平面視において前輪2の車軸4より後
方に設置される。また前記燃料噴射ノズル6bとそれに通
じる燃料管6dなど、燃料系を構成する部品や配管も車軸
4より後方に配置されている。シリンダブロツク5aの下
面は下ケース5eによつて覆われており、クランクケース
Cを構成する。すなわち、第2図で示すように、それら
の合い面5fにはクランク軸3とその前方に位置して出力
軸8とが軸受を介して回転可能に挾持されている。クラ
ンク軸3と出力軸8とは互いに噛合する中間歯車9と出
力歯車10とを介して約80%に減速して連動する。なお、
中間歯車9は出力軸8上に回転可能に遊合支持され、出
力歯車10はクランクウエブの外周に形成されている。ま
た、中間歯車9はボス部に調時歯車9aを一体に刻設する
他、緩衝部材たるコイルばね9bを介して出力軸8と、そ
の出力軸8に連らなる多板摩擦クラツチ8aを介して変速
機(t)とに連結されそれらを駆動する。なお、9cは始
動電動機にチエーン結合されるスプロケツト、11は変速
機(t)と差動歯車機構(d)とを連結するサイレント
チエーンである。The cylinder block 5a constitutes a cylinder row R formed by arranging the cylinder holes 5d. The cylinder row R is inclined rearward, and the cylinder head 5b is shown in FIGS.
As shown in the drawing, the front wheel 2 is installed behind the axle 4 in a plan view. Further, parts and pipes forming a fuel system, such as the fuel injection nozzle 6b and the fuel pipe 6d leading to the fuel injection nozzle 6b, are also arranged rearward of the axle 4. The lower surface of the cylinder block 5a is covered with a lower case 5e, which constitutes a crankcase C. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a crankshaft 3 and an output shaft 8 located in front of the crankshaft 3 are rotatably held by bearings 5f between them. The crankshaft 3 and the output shaft 8 are decelerated to about 80% and interlock with each other via an intermediate gear 9 and an output gear 10 which mesh with each other. In addition,
The intermediate gear 9 is rotatably supported on the output shaft 8 by rotation, and the output gear 10 is formed on the outer circumference of the crank web. In addition, the intermediate gear 9 has a timing gear 9a integrally formed on the boss, an output shaft 8 via a coil spring 9b serving as a buffer member, and a multi-plate friction clutch 8a connected to the output shaft 8. Connected to the transmission (t) to drive them. Reference numeral 9c is a sprocket chain-connected to the starter motor, and 11 is a silent chain connecting the transmission (t) and the differential gear mechanism (d).
シリンダブロツク5aと下ケース5eとの合い面5fは車両
の進行方向前方を高くして前上がりに形成され、その結
果、クランク軸3の上方にV形の空間が形成される。12
は前記出力軸8に連結した交流発電機、13は吸気管6aの
前端に設けたエアクリーナである。The mating surface 5f between the cylinder block 5a and the lower case 5e is formed so as to be higher in the front in the traveling direction of the vehicle and to rise upward, and as a result, a V-shaped space is formed above the crankshaft 3. 12
Is an AC generator connected to the output shaft 8, and 13 is an air cleaner provided at the front end of the intake pipe 6a.
14は前記吸気弁15と排気弁16とを駆動する動弁カム軸
である。動弁カム軸14は第2図,第3図で示すように、
第1チエーン17と第2チエーン18とを介して中間歯車9
のボス部に形成した調時歯車9aに連結され、クランク軸
3により1/2の速比で駆動される。Reference numeral 14 is a valve operating cam shaft for driving the intake valve 15 and the exhaust valve 16. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the valve camshaft 14 is
Intermediate gear 9 through first chain 17 and second chain 18
It is connected to a timing gear 9a formed on the boss portion of and is driven by the crankshaft 3 at a speed ratio of 1/2.
したがつて、エンジンフードFの下面にシリンダブロ
ツク5aの下部をなすシリンダ列Rとクランクケース部C
によつて側面視が略逆三角形の空間が形成され、そこに
シリンダヘツド5bから車両前方へ伸びる吸気管6aが収容
される。すなわち、吸気管6aに付属する混合気の生成手
段6bたる気化器や燃料噴射ノズルが配置される。また、
エンジンのうち、比較的高い部分を構成するシリンダヘ
ツド5bが傾斜したエンジンフードFの車室に近い高い部
分に配置され、それらとの間の干渉を回避するのが容易
になる。すなわち、エンジンフードFの高さを低くする
ことができる。また、これに付随して吸気管6aがシリン
ダヘツド5bから前方へ向けて伸びるが、それらは出力軸
8を収容したクランクケース部分より車室側に止めら
れ、車両の衝突によつて車体の前部が破壊することがあ
つてもその影響が燃料系に及ぶのを回避している。Therefore, on the lower surface of the engine hood F, the cylinder row R and the crankcase portion C forming the lower part of the cylinder block 5a.
As a result, a space having a substantially inverted triangle in side view is formed, and the intake pipe 6a extending from the cylinder head 5b to the front of the vehicle is housed therein. That is, a carburetor and a fuel injection nozzle, which are the air-fuel mixture generating means 6b attached to the intake pipe 6a, are arranged. Also,
The cylinder head 5b, which constitutes a relatively high portion of the engine, is arranged at a high portion of the inclined engine hood F near the passenger compartment, and it is easy to avoid interference with them. That is, the height of the engine hood F can be reduced. Along with this, the intake pipe 6a extends forward from the cylinder head 5b, but they are stopped toward the vehicle compartment side from the crankcase portion accommodating the output shaft 8 and the front of the vehicle body is collided by a vehicle collision. Even if a part is destroyed, its influence is prevented from affecting the fuel system.
エンジンが始動すると、クランク軸3の回転はクラン
クウエブの外周に設けた出力歯車10と、これに噛合する
中間歯車9との間で約80%の速度に減速されて伝動す
る。この中間歯車9にはボス部に調時歯車9aが刻設され
ており、更に、約62%に減速されてクランク軸3の回転
に連動し1/2の速比でカム軸14を駆動する。また、中間
歯車9の回転は緩衝部材たるコイルばね9bを経て出力軸
8へ伝動され、次いでクラツチ8aに伝動されるが、コイ
ルばね9bにより、駆動輪たる前輪2が地上から回転方向
の振動や急激な負荷変動を受けたとき、それらの間に若
干の位相差を生じ緩衝的に伝動される。When the engine is started, the rotation of the crankshaft 3 is decelerated to a speed of about 80% between the output gear 10 provided on the outer circumference of the crank web and the intermediate gear 9 meshing with the output gear 10 and transmitted. A timing gear 9a is engraved on the boss portion of the intermediate gear 9 and is further decelerated to about 62% to interlock with the rotation of the crankshaft 3 to drive the camshaft 14 at a speed ratio of 1/2. . Further, the rotation of the intermediate gear 9 is transmitted to the output shaft 8 via the coil spring 9b serving as a buffer member, and then to the clutch 8a. The coil spring 9b causes the front wheel 2 serving as the driving wheel to vibrate in the rotational direction from the ground. When subjected to a sudden load change, a slight phase difference is generated between them and they are transmitted as a buffer.
〔発明の効果〕 この発明に係るエンジンユニツトEは以上のように、
エンジンフードFとその下側に配置されるシリンダブロ
ツク5aとにより、エンジンフードFの下面に後方へ向け
て傾斜させたシリンダ列Rと後部上方へ向けて傾斜させ
たクランクケースCとにより側面視が略逆三角形の空間
を形成し、そこにシリンダヘツド5bから車両前方へ伸び
る混合気の生成手段を備えた吸気管6aを配置したもので
あるから、エンジンの比較的高い部分を構成するシリン
ダが車室に近いエンジンフードの高い部分に配置される
ので比較的容易にエンジンフードの高さを低くすること
ができる。また、それに付随して吸気系がシリンダヘツ
ド5bから前方へ向けて導かれるが、それらは出力軸8を
収容したクランクケース部分より車室側に止められ、エ
ンジンの燃料系配管がエンジンユニツトEの進行方向の
最前列に出てしまうことがなく、しかもエンジンの外形
をコンパクトに構成し得る効果がある。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the engine unit E according to the present invention is
Due to the engine hood F and the cylinder block 5a arranged below the engine hood F, a side view is provided by a cylinder row R inclined rearward on the lower surface of the engine hood F and a crankcase C inclined rearward and upward. Since a substantially inverted triangular space is formed and an intake pipe 6a having a mixture generating means extending from the cylinder head 5b to the front of the vehicle is arranged therein, the cylinder forming the relatively high portion of the engine is installed in the vehicle. The height of the engine hood can be lowered relatively easily because it is arranged in a high portion of the engine hood close to the room. In addition, the intake system is guided forward from the cylinder head 5b along with it, but they are stopped toward the vehicle compartment side from the crankcase portion accommodating the output shaft 8 and the engine fuel system piping is connected to the engine unit E. There is an effect that the outer shape of the engine can be made compact without coming out at the front row in the traveling direction.
図面はこの発明の一実施例を示すもので、第1図は第5
図中の要部を拡大して示す一部を破断した側面図、第2
図はそのII−II断面図、第3図はそのII−II断面図、第
4図は自動車のエンジン室を示す平面図、第5図はその
側面図である。 4……車軸、(t)……変速機、(d)……差動歯車機
構、(c)……摩擦クラツチ、8……出力軸、9……中
間歯車、9a……調時歯車、10……出力歯車。The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The side view which fractured | ruptured the one part which expands and shows the principal part in a figure, 2nd
The drawing is a sectional view taken along the line II-II, FIG. 3 is the sectional view taken along the line II-II, FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the engine compartment of an automobile, and FIG. 5 is a side view thereof. 4 ... axle, (t) ... transmission, (d) ... differential gear mechanism, (c) ... friction clutch, 8 ... output shaft, 9 ... intermediate gear, 9a ... timing gear, 10 ... Output gear.
Claims (3)
るクランクケースの間に挾持され、左右の前車軸より前
側に位置してこれと平行にクランク軸と変速機軸と順次
前側へ配置し、前記クランクケースの合せ面を前上がり
に傾斜させると共に、前記クランク軸と協働する各シリ
ンダを後上方へ向けて傾斜させて設け、そこから車両前
方へ伸びる吸気管を設置すると共に、この吸気管に設置
される混合気の生成手段をクランクケースとシリンダ列
およびエンジンフードによつて形成される側面視が略逆
三角形の空間内に配置してなる自動車用エンジンユニツ
ト。1. A front and rear crankshafts sandwiched between crankcases which are vertically divided into an engine compartment at the front of the vehicle compartment, and are arranged in front of the left and right front axles and in parallel with the crankshafts, transmission shafts, and sequentially frontward. Then, the mating surface of the crankcase is inclined forwardly upward, and each cylinder that cooperates with the crankshaft is inclined toward the rear upper side, and an intake pipe extending from there to the vehicle front is installed. An engine unit for an automobile, in which the air-fuel mixture generating means installed in the intake pipe is arranged in a space formed by the crankcase, the cylinder row, and the engine hood and having a substantially inverted triangular side view.
射ノズルのいずれかである特許請求の範囲第1項記載の
自動車用エンジンユニツト。2. The vehicle engine unit according to claim 1, wherein the means for producing the air-fuel mixture is either a carburetor or a fuel injection nozzle.
機の出力軸と前車軸に連結される差動軸との間は巻掛け
伝動手段を介して連結されている特許請求の範囲第1項
記載の自動車用エンジンユニツト。3. An output shaft of a transmission, which is disposed in front of and behind a crank shaft, and a differential shaft, which is connected to a front axle, are connected via a winding transmission means. The engine unit for automobiles according to item 1.
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP30154287A JP2529871B2 (en) | 1987-12-01 | 1987-12-01 | Automotive engine unit |
US07/270,357 US5024287A (en) | 1987-03-31 | 1988-11-14 | Engine unit for vehicle |
ES88120003T ES2050694T3 (en) | 1987-12-01 | 1988-11-30 | MOTOR VEHICLE. |
EP93111242A EP0578267B1 (en) | 1987-12-01 | 1988-11-30 | Motor vehicle comprising a transverse engine |
EP88120003A EP0318971B1 (en) | 1987-12-01 | 1988-11-30 | Engine unit for vehicle |
US07/628,485 US5099945A (en) | 1987-12-01 | 1990-12-17 | Engine unit for vehicle |
US07/818,839 US5184582A (en) | 1987-12-01 | 1992-01-10 | Engine unit for vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP30154287A JP2529871B2 (en) | 1987-12-01 | 1987-12-01 | Automotive engine unit |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH01147123A JPH01147123A (en) | 1989-06-08 |
JP2529871B2 true JP2529871B2 (en) | 1996-09-04 |
Family
ID=17898190
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP30154287A Expired - Fee Related JP2529871B2 (en) | 1987-03-31 | 1987-12-01 | Automotive engine unit |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2529871B2 (en) |
-
1987
- 1987-12-01 JP JP30154287A patent/JP2529871B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH01147123A (en) | 1989-06-08 |
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