JP2525398B2 - Servo valve device for power steering device - Google Patents

Servo valve device for power steering device

Info

Publication number
JP2525398B2
JP2525398B2 JP62062096A JP6209687A JP2525398B2 JP 2525398 B2 JP2525398 B2 JP 2525398B2 JP 62062096 A JP62062096 A JP 62062096A JP 6209687 A JP6209687 A JP 6209687A JP 2525398 B2 JP2525398 B2 JP 2525398B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
land portion
servo valve
valve
power steering
valve member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP62062096A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS63227468A (en
Inventor
常雄 田中
勝久 森
清治 荒川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyoda Koki KK
Original Assignee
Toyoda Koki KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyoda Koki KK filed Critical Toyoda Koki KK
Priority to JP62062096A priority Critical patent/JP2525398B2/en
Publication of JPS63227468A publication Critical patent/JPS63227468A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2525398B2 publication Critical patent/JP2525398B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 <産業上の利用分野> 本発明は操舵中立状態において供給ポートを排出ポー
トに連通させ、常時連続的な流体流をサーボ弁装置内に
生じさせるようにしてなる動力舵取装置用サーボ弁装置
に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Field of Industrial Application> The present invention relates to a power steering system in which a supply port communicates with a discharge port in a steering neutral state so as to always generate a continuous fluid flow in a servo valve device. The present invention relates to a servo valve device for a take-up device.

<従来の技術> 一般に動力舵取装置のサーボ系は、負荷状態に係わら
ず流量が一定に保たれるコンスタントフロー方式となっ
ており、操舵時又操舵中立時を問わず常時サーボ弁供給
ポートから排出ポートに一定量の流体が流通している。
従って操舵中立時のように無負荷状態において、ポンプ
供給圧は管路抵抗にみ合った低圧に保たれポンプ消費動
力を軽微にしている。ハンドルを切れば操舵抵抗(負
荷)に応じてポンプ供給圧が上昇し必要な動力補助がな
され軽快なハンドル操作ができるようになっている。
<Prior Art> Generally, the servo system of a power steering system is a constant flow system in which the flow rate is kept constant regardless of the load state. A certain amount of fluid is flowing through the discharge port.
Therefore, in a no-load state such as when the steering is neutral, the pump supply pressure is kept at a low pressure corresponding to the line resistance, and the pump consumption power is made small. When the steering wheel is turned, the pump supply pressure is increased according to the steering resistance (load), and the necessary power assist is performed, so that the steering wheel can be operated lightly.

かかるコンスタントフロー方式のサーボ弁装置におい
ては、パワーシリンダに接続される分配ポートも中立時
には供給ポート及び排出ポートと連通されており、パワ
ーシリンダ室に対する流体の流出入は拘束されていな
い。従ってパワーシリンダのピストンは路面からの外乱
入力によっても移動し易い状態となっている。
In such a constant flow type servo valve device, the distribution port connected to the power cylinder is also connected to the supply port and the discharge port when the power cylinder is in a neutral state, and the inflow and outflow of the fluid to and from the power cylinder chamber are not restricted. Therefore, the piston of the power cylinder is in a state of being easily moved even by a disturbance input from the road surface.

ところで自動車の操舵系における問題点として走行
中、特に高速走行中における車両の直進安定性があげら
れる。車両のステアリング系自身の持つ各部の遊び、ガ
タ、クリアランス、剛性不足等や、路面からの外乱反力
(キックバック)によって高速走行中においてはハンド
ルが不安定になりやすく、直進時または微小操舵時にお
けるいわゆるダイレクトフィーリングがなくなり、また
ハンドル振動やハンドルとられ等を伴う場合には運転者
に不安感を与えることになる。
Incidentally, a problem in the steering system of an automobile is the straight running stability of the vehicle during traveling, particularly during high-speed traveling. The steering system tends to become unstable during high-speed running due to play, backlash, clearance, lack of rigidity, etc. of the various parts of the steering system of the vehicle itself, and disturbance reaction force (kickback) from the road surface. In the case where the so-called direct feeling is lost and the steering wheel is vibrated or the steering wheel is taken, the driver may feel uneasy.

このような現象は中立又は微小角度におけるものであ
るためパワーアシストは有効に作用しておらず前述の如
きサーボ弁を有する動力舵取装置では解決困難である。
Since such a phenomenon is at a neutral angle or a small angle, power assist does not work effectively, and it is difficult to solve the problem with a power steering apparatus having a servo valve as described above.

このような問題に対処するものとしては従来では特開
昭60−56668号に示すサーボ弁が知られている。このサ
ーボ弁は第9図に示すようにパワーシリンダPに連通さ
れるサーボ弁装置2の分配ポート6を閉止する制御ラン
ド部7を一方の弁部材4に設け、この制御ランド部7に
よりサーボ弁中立状態において前記分配ポート6を閉止
して、車両の直進安定性、中立付近のハンドルの剛性感
を高めて安定した操舵特性を得るようにしている。
A servo valve disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-56668 is conventionally known as a solution to such a problem. In this servo valve, as shown in FIG. 9, a control land portion 7 for closing the distribution port 6 of the servo valve device 2 communicated with the power cylinder P is provided on one valve member 4, and the servo land is controlled by this control land portion 7. In the neutral state, the distribution port 6 is closed to improve the straight running stability of the vehicle and the rigidity of the steering wheel near the neutral position to obtain stable steering characteristics.

さらに前記制御ランド部7の両側に位置する両凹溝8
を連通路9を介して互いに連通することにより前記供給
ポート1からの供給流体をこの連通路9を介して排出ポ
ート5側へバイパスさせ、背圧の上昇を抑制するように
している。
Further, bi-concave grooves 8 located on both sides of the control land portion 7
Are communicated with each other via the communication passage 9, so that the supply fluid from the supply port 1 is bypassed to the discharge port 5 side via the communication passage 9 to suppress an increase in back pressure.

<発明が解決しようとする問題点> しかしながらかかる従来装置において、前記連通路9
を加工するには、小径ドリルを必要とする。この小径ド
リルは析損しやすく、また送り速度を早くすることがで
きず、加工時間が長くなるとともに製作コストが大とな
る問題がある。
<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, in such a conventional device, the communication path 9
Requires a small diameter drill. This small-diameter drill has a problem that it is prone to deposition loss and the feed rate cannot be increased, resulting in a long processing time and a high manufacturing cost.

しかもこの連通路は斜め穴であるため、弁部材の割出
しが不正確であると、凹溝に傷をつける等の加工上の難
点があった。
Moreover, since this communication passage is an oblique hole, if the indexing of the valve member is inaccurate, there is a problem in processing such as scratching the groove.

<問題点を解決するための手段> 本発明はかかる従来の問題点を解決するためになされ
たものであり、弁部材の一方に通路形成部材を嵌合し、
この通路形成部材に制御用ランド部の両側の凹溝を相互
に連通する連通路を形成したことを特徴とする。
<Means for Solving Problems> The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and a passage forming member is fitted to one of the valve members,
A communication passage is formed in the passage forming member so as to connect the concave grooves on both sides of the control land portion to each other.

<作用> 本発明は、上記構成を備えているため、連通路の加工
が容易となり、製作コストを低減できる。
<Operation> Since the present invention has the above configuration, the communication passage can be easily processed, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

<実施例> 以下本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。第1
図はラックピニオン形の動力舵取装置用のロータリ形サ
ーボ弁装置を示し、10は動力舵取装置の本体をなすハウ
ジング本体である。このハウジング本体10にはピニオン
軸11が両端にそれぞれ軸受12,13によって回転可能に軸
承され、これと交差する方向に摺動可能なラック軸14の
ラック歯15と噛合している。このラック軸14の両端は所
要のリンク機構を介して操向車輪と連結され、またラッ
ク軸14にはパワーシリンダ16のピストン17(第2図参
照)が作動的に連結されている。
<Examples> Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First
The figure shows a rotary servo valve device for a rack and pinion type power steering device, and reference numeral 10 denotes a housing main body that forms a main body of the power steering device. A pinion shaft 11 is rotatably supported by bearings 12 and 13 at both ends of the housing body 10, and meshes with rack teeth 15 of a rack shaft 14 which is slidable in a direction intersecting with the pinion shaft 11. Both ends of the rack shaft 14 are connected to steering wheels via a required link mechanism, and a piston 17 (see FIG. 2) of a power cylinder 16 is operatively connected to the rack shaft 14.

前記ハウジング本体10には弁ハウジング18が固定さ
れ、この弁ハウジング18の弁孔29にサーボ弁20が収納さ
れている。このサーボ弁20は前記ピニオン軸11の軸線を
中心として相対回転可能に互いに嵌合するスリーブ弁部
材21ならびにスプール弁部材22より構成され、このスリ
ーブ弁部材21は連結ピン23によって前記ピニオン軸11に
連繋され、またスプール弁部材22には操向ハンドルに連
結される操舵軸24が一体的に形成され、この操舵軸24は
前記ピニオン軸11にピン51が結合したトーションバー25
を介して可撓的に結合されている。
A valve housing 18 is fixed to the housing body 10, and a servo valve 20 is housed in a valve hole 29 of the valve housing 18. The servo valve 20 is composed of a sleeve valve member 21 and a spool valve member 22 which are fitted to each other so as to be relatively rotatable about the axis of the pinion shaft 11, and the sleeve valve member 21 is connected to the pinion shaft 11 by a connecting pin 23. A steering shaft 24 connected to a steering handle is integrally formed with the spool valve member 22, and the steering shaft 24 is a torsion bar 25 having a pin 51 coupled to the pinion shaft 11.
Is flexibly coupled through.

前記スリーブ弁部材21の内周には第2図に示すように
適当間隔をおいて凹溝30,31,32,33が形成され、30には
ポンプより圧力流体が供給される供給孔40が開口されて
いる。この凹溝30に隣接する凹溝31,32にはパワーシリ
ンダ16の左右室16a,16bに通じる分配孔41,42が開口され
ている。
As shown in FIG. 2, concave grooves 30, 31, 32, 33 are formed on the inner circumference of the sleeve valve member 21 at appropriate intervals, and a supply hole 40 for supplying pressure fluid from a pump is formed in the groove 30. It is open. Distributing holes 41, 42 communicating with the left and right chambers 16a, 16b of the power cylinder 16 are opened in the concave grooves 31, 32 adjacent to the concave groove 30.

一方スプール弁部材22の外周には各凹溝30,31,32,33
に対応してランド部50,51,52,53が適当間隔において形
成され、ランド部51の両側には凹溝55,56が、ランド部5
2の両端には凹溝57,58が形成され、この凹溝55,56間の
ランド部51及び凹溝57,58間のランド部52は前記スリー
ブ弁部材21の凹溝31又は32より幅広の制御ランド部とな
っている。
On the other hand, on the outer periphery of the spool valve member 22, there are concave grooves 30, 31, 32, 33.
Corresponding to the land portions 50, 51, 52, 53 are formed at appropriate intervals, and recessed grooves 55, 56 are formed on both sides of the land portion 51.
Grooves 57, 58 are formed at both ends of the land 2, and the land portion 51 between the groove 55, 56 and the land portion 52 between the groove 57, 58 are wider than the groove 31 or 32 of the sleeve valve member 21. It is the control land part of.

なお、第3図は前記ロータリ形サーボ弁のランド部な
らびに凹溝を拡大図示したものであるが、この図から明
らかなように前記制御ランド部51,52の両側エッジ部は
面取りがなされるとともに凹溝31,32の溝幅に合致する
有効ランド幅となり、弁の中立状態においてはシリンダ
16の左右室16a,16bに通じる分配孔41,42を閉止する。凹
溝30及び33に対応するランド部50,53は溝幅より狭いラ
ンド幅となっており、弁の中立状態においては開いた供
給側のオリフィス及び排出側のオリフィスを形成してい
る。溝幅33と対応するランド部53にはスプール弁部材22
を半径方向に貫通し中心孔45と連通する排出孔54が形成
され、中心孔45は第1図に示すように排出ポート27と連
通する弁ハウジング内孔19に半径方向通路46を介して連
通している。
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the land portion and the concave groove of the rotary type servo valve. As is clear from FIG. 3, both edges of the control land portions 51 and 52 are chamfered. The effective land width matches the groove width of the concave grooves 31 and 32.
The distribution holes 41, 42 leading to the 16 left and right chambers 16a, 16b are closed. The land portions 50 and 53 corresponding to the concave grooves 30 and 33 have a land width smaller than the groove width, and form an open supply-side orifice and a discharge-side orifice in the neutral state of the valve. The spool valve member 22 is provided on the land portion 53 corresponding to the groove width 33.
A discharge hole 54 is formed that penetrates through the hole in the radial direction and communicates with the center hole 45. The center hole 45 communicates with the valve housing inner hole 19 that communicates with the discharge port 27 through the radial passage 46 as shown in FIG. are doing.

さらにスプール弁部材22には、第4図および第5図に
示すように段付部70が形成され、この段付部70に、リン
グ状の通路形成部材71と、押え部材72が積層して圧入固
定されている。この通路形成部材71は周方向に所定の間
隔を置いて形成された通し溝73,74を有し、この通し溝7
3,74をその外側より押え部材72にて密封し、前記凹溝5
5,56間を連通する連通路61と、前記凹溝57,58間を連通
する連通路62をそれぞれ形成している。
Further, a stepped portion 70 is formed on the spool valve member 22 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and a ring-shaped passage forming member 71 and a pressing member 72 are laminated on the stepped portion 70. It is fixed by press fitting. The passage forming member 71 has through grooves 73, 74 formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.
3 and 74 are sealed from the outside by a pressing member 72, and the groove 5
A communication passage 61 that communicates between the five and 56 and a communication passage 62 that communicates between the concave grooves 57 and 58 are formed.

本発明によるサーボ弁装置は上記のように形成されて
いるため、ハンドルの中立状態においては第2図に示す
ように、シリンダ16の左右室16a,16bに通ずる分配孔41,
42はランド部51,52によって閉止され、作動流体の流出
入が阻止されている。これとともに供給孔40よりの流入
流体は、ランド部50の右側に形成される供給側の制御オ
リフィスより凹溝55、連通路61、凹溝56、排出側の制御
オリフィス、凹溝33、排出孔54へと流れ、又ランド部50
の左側に形成される供給側の制御オリフィスより凹溝5
7、連通路62、凹溝58、排出側の制御オリフィス、凹溝3
3、排出孔54へと流れ、連続流を形成する。
Since the servo valve device according to the present invention is formed as described above, in the neutral state of the handle, as shown in FIG. 2, the distribution holes 41, which communicate with the left and right chambers 16a, 16b of the cylinder 16, are provided.
42 is closed by lands 51 and 52 to prevent the inflow and outflow of the working fluid. Along with this, the inflowing fluid from the supply hole 40 has a concave groove 55, a communication passage 61, a concave groove 56, a discharge side control orifice, a concave groove 33, and a discharge hole from the supply side control orifice formed on the right side of the land portion 50. Flow to 54, land 50
Groove 5 from the supply side control orifice formed on the left side of
7, communication passage 62, concave groove 58, discharge side control orifice, concave groove 3
3. Flow to the discharge hole 54 to form a continuous flow.

この状態よりハンドルを右に切れば、ランド部50にて
凹溝30と55の連通は閉じられ、閉止状態の分配孔41は凹
溝55と連通され、連通路61を介して排出孔54と連通され
る。これとともに凹溝30と57間のオリフィスは開かれ、
閉止状態の分配孔42は凹溝58と連通され、連通路62を介
して供給流体が流入する。これによってシリンダ16の左
室16bに圧力流体が供給され、シリンダ右室からは流体
が排出され、動力にて操舵力は補助される。
When the handle is turned to the right from this state, the communication between the recessed grooves 30 and 55 is closed at the land portion 50, the distribution hole 41 in the closed state is connected to the recessed groove 55, and the discharge hole 54 is connected via the communication passage 61. Communicated. At the same time, the orifice between the grooves 30 and 57 is opened,
The distribution hole 42 in the closed state communicates with the concave groove 58, and the supply fluid flows in through the communication passage 62. As a result, the pressurized fluid is supplied to the left chamber 16b of the cylinder 16, the fluid is discharged from the right chamber of the cylinder, and the steering force is assisted by power.

なお、第3図に示すようにスプール弁部材22側の各ラ
ンド部両端には適度の面取りが全て形成され、各制御オ
リフィスの制御特性を調整するためと、絞り音の発生を
防止するために設けられている。
As shown in FIG. 3, moderate chamfers are formed at both ends of each land portion on the spool valve member 22 side, in order to adjust the control characteristics of each control orifice and to prevent the generation of throttle noise. Is provided.

第6図は凹溝とランド部の位置関係を第3図のものと
逆にした他の実施例である。この実施例では中立状態に
てスリーブ弁部材21側に前記分配孔41,42を閉止する制
御ランド部152,153が形成され、この制御ランド部152,1
53の両側に一対の凹溝155,156,157,158が形成されてい
る。
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment in which the positional relationship between the groove and the land portion is reversed from that in FIG. In this embodiment, control lands 152, 153 for closing the distribution holes 41, 42 are formed on the sleeve valve member 21 side in the neutral state.
A pair of concave grooves 155, 156, 157, 158 are formed on both sides of 53.

この場合の連通路161,162は前記実施例とは逆にスリ
ーブ弁部材21側に設けられる。すなわち第7図および第
8図に示すように前記スリーブ弁部材21の端部に段付穴
170を形成し、この段付穴70にリング状の通路形成部材1
71と、押え部材172を積層して圧入固定する。この通路
形成部材171は周方向に所定の間隔に置いて通し溝173,1
74を有し、この通し溝173,174をその外側より押え部材1
71にて密封し、前記凹溝155,156間を連通路161と、前記
凹溝157,158間を連通する連通路162を形成している。
In this case, the communication passages 161 and 162 are provided on the sleeve valve member 21 side, contrary to the above embodiment. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a stepped hole is formed at the end of the sleeve valve member 21.
170 is formed, and a ring-shaped passage forming member 1 is formed in the stepped hole 70.
71 and the pressing member 172 are laminated and press-fitted and fixed. The passage forming members 171 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction through the through grooves 173, 1
74, and presses these through grooves 173, 174 from the outside.
A communication passage 161 is formed between the concave grooves 155 and 156 and a communication passage 162 is formed between the concave grooves 157 and 158.

<発明の効果> 上記詳述したように本発明は、中立状態において供給
ポートから排出ポート側へ流体を流す挿通路を弁部材と
は独立した通路形成部材に形成したので、弁部材に対し
て複雑かつ高精度な小孔の加工を施す必要がなくなり、
前記通路形成部材を例えばプレス打抜きする等の極めて
簡単な加工を行い、次いで弁部材に嵌合組付するだけで
よく、低コストで製作できる利点を有する。
<Effects of the Invention> As described in detail above, in the present invention, since the insertion passage for flowing the fluid from the supply port to the discharge port side in the neutral state is formed in the passage forming member independent of the valve member, Eliminates the need for complex and highly accurate small hole machining
The passage forming member need only be subjected to extremely simple processing such as punching, and then fitted and assembled to the valve member, which is advantageous in that it can be manufactured at low cost.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

図面は本発明の実施例を示すもので、第1図は動力舵取
装置用ロータリ形サーボ弁の縦断面図、第2図は第1図
におけるII−II線拡大断面図、第3図は第2図における
制御オリフィスの模式図、第4図は弁部材の一部を拡大
して示す一部拡大断面図、第5図は第4図のV−V線断
面図、第6図は他の実施例としての制御オリフィス模式
図、第7図は他の実施例における弁部材の一部拡大断面
図、第8図は第7図のVIII−VIII線断面図、第9図は従
来のサーボ弁の断面図である。 16……パワーシリンダ、18……弁ハウジング、20……サ
ーボ弁、21……スリーブ弁部材、22……スプール弁部
材、40……供給孔、41,42……分配孔、43……排出孔、5
1,52……制御ランド部、61,62,161,162……連通路、71,
171……通路形成部材。
The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a rotary servo valve for a power steering apparatus, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a control orifice in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing a part of a valve member in an enlarged manner, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 4, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged sectional view of a valve member in another embodiment, FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a conventional servo. It is sectional drawing of a valve. 16 ... Power cylinder, 18 ... Valve housing, 20 ... Servo valve, 21 ... Sleeve valve member, 22 ... Spool valve member, 40 ... Supply hole, 41, 42 ... Distribution hole, 43 ... Discharge Hole, 5
1,52 …… Control land part, 61,62,161,162 …… Communication passage, 71,
171 …… Passage forming member.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】相対回転可能な一対の弁部材を有し、この
一対の弁部材の一方にランド部と、このランド部によっ
て互いに分離されかつ供給ポート、排出ポート、分配ポ
ートのいずれかに通じる複数の凹溝を形成し、前記弁部
材の他方に中立時において前記分配ポートに通じる凹溝
を閉止する制御用ランド部と、この制御用ランド部の一
方に位置しかつ可変オリフィスを介して前記供給ポート
に連通する凹溝と、前記制御用ランド部の他方に位置し
かつ可変オリフィスを介して前記排出ポートに挿通する
凹溝とを形成した動力舵取装置用サーボ弁装置におい
て、前記弁部材の一方に通路形成部材を嵌合しこの通路
形成部材に前記制御用ランド部の両側の凹溝を相互に連
通する連通路を形成したことを特徴とする動力舵取装置
用サーボ弁装置。
1. A pair of relatively rotatable valve members, wherein one of the pair of valve members has a land portion, and the land portion separates from each other and communicates with either a supply port, a discharge port or a distribution port. A control land portion that forms a plurality of recessed grooves and closes the recessed groove that communicates with the distribution port when the valve member is in the neutral state, and the control land portion that is located on one side of the control land portion and that has a variable orifice. A servo valve device for a power steering device, comprising: a concave groove communicating with a supply port; and a concave groove located on the other side of the control land portion and inserted into the discharge port via a variable orifice, wherein the valve member A servo valve device for a power steering apparatus, characterized in that a passage forming member is fitted to one of the two, and a communication passage is formed in the passage forming member so as to connect the concave grooves on both sides of the control land portion to each other.
JP62062096A 1987-03-17 1987-03-17 Servo valve device for power steering device Expired - Lifetime JP2525398B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62062096A JP2525398B2 (en) 1987-03-17 1987-03-17 Servo valve device for power steering device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62062096A JP2525398B2 (en) 1987-03-17 1987-03-17 Servo valve device for power steering device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63227468A JPS63227468A (en) 1988-09-21
JP2525398B2 true JP2525398B2 (en) 1996-08-21

Family

ID=13190179

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62062096A Expired - Lifetime JP2525398B2 (en) 1987-03-17 1987-03-17 Servo valve device for power steering device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2525398B2 (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63227468A (en) 1988-09-21

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