JP2519058Y2 - Incubator - Google Patents
IncubatorInfo
- Publication number
- JP2519058Y2 JP2519058Y2 JP1991085787U JP8578791U JP2519058Y2 JP 2519058 Y2 JP2519058 Y2 JP 2519058Y2 JP 1991085787 U JP1991085787 U JP 1991085787U JP 8578791 U JP8578791 U JP 8578791U JP 2519058 Y2 JP2519058 Y2 JP 2519058Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- draft tube
- culture
- tank
- accelerating
- stirring blade
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/06—Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
- C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本考案は、菌体、細胞等を培養液
中で効率よく培養する装置、とくに、高粘度の培養液を
高い気液接触効率で混合し、しかも、菌体へのダメージ
が少ない培養装置に関するものである。INVENTION The present invention relates to a cell, a device for culturing efficient cells and the like in culture, in particular, by mixing the culture solution having a high viscosity at a high gas-liquid contact efficiency, moreover, to cells damage
The present invention relates to a culture device having a small amount .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の培養装置の主流は、槽内に菌体、
細胞等を加えた培養液を満たし、攪拌機により攪拌する
とともに、槽下方から空気等のガスを吹き込んで、培養
液を循環させて気液接触を行なうことにより反応を進行
させる、いわゆる通気攪拌方式であった。しかし、培養
の種類によっては、攪拌による強いせん断力で菌体又は
細胞へ大きな影響（ダメージ）を与える場合がある。さ
らに、設置面積を小さくする必要もあり、縦型（塔型）
培養槽の各種培養系への適用が検討されだしている。塔
型培養槽の主流は、ドラフトチューブを槽内に設け、槽
内に菌体、細胞等を加えた培養液を満たし、槽下方から
空気等のガスを吹き込んで、培養液を循環させて気液接
触を行なう気泡塔方式であった。2. Description of the Related Art The mainstream of conventional culture devices is to use bacteria in a tank,
A so-called aeration stirring method is used in which a reaction is allowed to proceed by filling a culture solution containing cells and the like, stirring with a stirrer, blowing gas such as air from below the tank, circulating the culture solution and performing gas-liquid contact. there were. However, depending on the type of culture, strong shearing force due to agitation may have a great influence (damage) on the cells or cells. Furthermore, it is necessary to reduce the installation area, and it is a vertical type (tower type).
The application of the culture tank to various culture systems is being studied. The mainstream of a tower culture tank is to install a draft tube inside the tank, fill the tank with a culture solution containing cells, cells, etc., blow gas such as air from the bottom of the tank, and circulate the culture solution. The bubble column system was used for liquid contact.
【０００３】従来、特開昭６３−２５１０７７号公報に
は、培養槽内部に、軸流羽根車を設けた円筒（ドラフト
チューブ）を設置し、羽根車を回転させることにより、
培養液を吸い上げ、上部から外周部へ流下させたことで
酸素を培養液に与え培養させる装置が記載されている。
また、円筒を軸流羽根車の外周と一体化して、羽根車と
ともに円筒を回転させることも記載されている。また、
特開昭５５−１５７１８号公報には、ドラフトチューブ
上半分にスリットを付け、その内部に、気体を液体中に
拡散させるためのスパージャーを設け、さらに、ドラフ
トチューブ最下端に、液体をチューブ外へ排出させる軸
流インペラーを備えた培養装置が記載されている。[0003] Conventionally, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-251077 discloses that a cylinder (draft tube) provided with an axial impeller is installed in a culture tank, and the impeller is rotated.
There is described a device for sucking a culture solution and flowing it from the upper part to the outer peripheral portion to supply oxygen to the culture solution to culture the culture solution.
It is also described that the cylinder is integrated with the outer circumference of the axial flow impeller and the cylinder is rotated together with the impeller. Also,
In JP-A-55-15718, a slit is provided in the upper half of the draft tube, and a sparger for diffusing gas into the liquid is provided inside the draft tube. A culture device is described which comprises an axial impeller for discharging to.
【０００４】[0004]
【考案が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記の従来技
術においては、麹菌の液体培養のごとき、好気性培養
で、かつ高粘度条件となる液体発酵には、十分に対応で
きなかった。また、特開昭６３−２５１０７７号公報記
載の培養装置では、酸素供給が培養液落下による気体
（空気）巻き込みにのみ依存するため、気液接触効率が
悪く、酸素供給速度に限界があり、高粘度条件下でも高
い酸素供給が必要な麹菌培養等での対応は難しい。ま
た、特開昭５５−１５７１８号公報記載の培養装置で
は、通常の培養においては、高い酸素供給能力を発揮で
きるが、粘度が上昇した場合、槽全体の流動を均一にす
ることは困難となり、酸素の供給能力も低下し、同じく
麹菌等の培養には適さなくなる。一般に培養槽としてよ
く使用されている攪拌槽形式であると、高粘度になる
と、攪拌翼部分のみが攪拌され、槽全体を均一に攪拌す
るためには、特殊な攪拌翼形状の設置と、強大な攪拌動
力が必要となる。上記の攪拌槽形式で槽全体を均一にす
るため、強力に攪拌を実施する場合、麹菌等の糸状菌で
は、機械的なせん断により菌体がダメージを受けやす
い。本考案は、上記の諸点に鑑みなされたもので、高粘
度の培養液であっても均一に混合することができ、気液
接触効率が高く、かつ、菌体へのダメージの少ない培養
装置を提供することを目的とするものである。However, the above-mentioned prior art cannot sufficiently cope with liquid fermentation under aerobic culture and high viscosity conditions such as liquid culture of koji mold. Further, in the culture device described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-251077, the oxygen supply depends only on the entrainment of gas (air) due to the dropping of the culture solution, so that the gas-liquid contact efficiency is improved.
Poorly, there is a limit to the oxygen supply rate, and it is difficult to cope with aspergillus culture that requires high oxygen supply even under high viscosity conditions. Further, in the culture device described in JP-A-55-15718, a high oxygen supply capacity can be exhibited in normal culture, but when the viscosity increases, it becomes difficult to make the flow in the entire tank uniform, The oxygen supply capacity is also reduced, and it becomes unsuitable for culturing aspergillus or the like. In the case of the stirring tank type that is commonly used as a culture tank, when the viscosity becomes high, only the stirring blade portion is stirred, and in order to uniformly stir the entire tank, a special stirring blade shape and A strong stirring power is required. In order to make the whole tank uniform in the above stirring tank type, when strongly stirring is performed, filamentous fungi such as koji mold are likely to be damaged by mechanical shearing. The present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and a culture apparatus that can uniformly mix even a high-viscosity culture solution, has high gas-liquid contact efficiency, and has little damage to bacterial cells. It is intended to provide.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、本考案の培養装置は、図面を参照して説明すれ
ば、上下端が開放されたドラフトチューブ１０を、縦型
培養槽１２内に槽側壁１４、槽底壁１６及び槽蓋１８と
の間に間隙が生じるように設置した培養装置において、
ドラフトチューブ１０内の上部に設けられた下降流加速
用攪拌翼２０と、ドラフトチューブ１０の下部近傍に設
けられた底部液排出加速用攪拌翼２２と、ドラフトチュ
ーブ１０の外底部又は内部に設けられた散気管２４、４
６と、ドラフトチューブ１０を回転させる回転軸２６
と、を備え、さらに、ドラフトチューブ１０の外周部
に、ドラフトチューブが回転することにより上向きの力
が生じるような形状の突起物２８、４４を設けたことを
特徴としている。上記の培養装置において、下降流加速
用攪拌翼２０の回転軸と、底部液排出加速用攪拌翼２２
の回転軸と、ドラフトチューブ１０回転用の回転軸２６
とを共用するように構成するのが望ましい。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a culture apparatus according to the present invention, as described with reference to the drawings, comprises a draft tube 10 whose upper and lower ends are opened, and a vertical culture tank 12. In the culture apparatus installed so that a gap is formed between the tank side wall 14, the tank bottom wall 16 and the tank lid 18,
A stirring blade 20 for accelerating the downward flow provided in the upper portion of the draft tube 10, a stirring blade 22 for accelerating the bottom liquid discharge provided in the vicinity of the lower portion of the draft tube 10, and an outer bottom portion or inside of the draft tube 10. Diffuser tubes 24, 4
6 and a rotary shaft 26 for rotating the draft tube 10.
And, further, the outer peripheral portion of the draft tube 10.
In addition, the upward force due to the rotation of the draft tube
It is characterized in that projections 28 and 44 having a shape that causes In the above culture device, the rotating shaft of the stirring blade 20 for accelerating the downward flow and the stirring blade 22 for accelerating the bottom liquid discharge
And the rotary shaft 26 for rotating the draft tube 10
It is desirable to configure so as to share with .
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】培養槽１２内に同心円状に設置されたドラフト
チューブ１０を、槽外部の駆動装置（図示せず）で回転
させると同時に、下降流加速用攪拌翼２０及び底部液排
出加速用攪拌翼２２を回転させ、培養液の下向きの流れ
を加速させるとともに、ドラフトチューブ内の液体をド
ラフトチューブ外へ加速しながら排出する。培養液への
酸素供給は、ドラフトチューブ外底部に円周状に設置さ
れた散気管２４から上向きに空気を噴出し、外周部の培
養液の上昇流を加速させながら行なわれる。また、散気
管４６がドラフトチューブ内に設置されている場合は、
散気管４６から下向きに空気を噴出し、ドラフトチュー
ブ内の培養液の下降流を加速させながら空気が混合され
る。そして、ドラフトチューブ外周部に設けられた突起
物２８、４４により、回転するドラフトチューブから培
養液に上向きの力が加えられ、ドラフトチューブ外周部
における培養液の上昇流が加速される。The draft tube 10 concentrically installed in the culture tank 12 is rotated by a drive device (not shown) outside the tank, and at the same time, the stirring blade 20 for accelerating the downflow and the stirring blade for accelerating the bottom liquid discharge. 22 is rotated to accelerate the downward flow of the culture solution, and the liquid in the draft tube is discharged to the outside of the draft tube while being accelerated. Oxygen is supplied to the culture medium while blasting air upward from the air diffuser 24 circumferentially installed on the outer bottom of the draft tube to accelerate the upward flow of the culture medium in the outer peripheral portion. When the air diffuser 46 is installed in the draft tube,
Air is jetted downward from the air diffuser 46, and the air is mixed while accelerating the downward flow of the culture solution in the draft tube. Then , the protrusions 28 , 44 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the draft tube allow the rotating draft tube to grow.
An upward force is applied to the nutrient solution, and the outer periphery of the draft tube
The ascending flow of the culture solution in is accelerated.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】以下、図面を参照して本考案の好適な実施例
を詳細に説明する。ただし、この実施例に記載されてい
る構成部材の形状、その相対配置などは、とくに特定的
な記載がない限りは、本考案の範囲をそれらのみに限定
する趣旨のものではなく、単なる説明例にすぎない。 実施例１ 図１において、１０は上下端が開放された円筒状のドラ
フトチューブで、円筒状の縦型培養槽１２内に、槽側壁
１４、槽底壁１６及び槽蓋１８との間に間隙が生じるよ
うに同心円状に設置される。ドラフトチューブ１０内の
上部には、下降流加速用攪拌翼２０が設けられ、ドラフ
トチューブ１０の下側には、底部液排出加速用攪拌翼２
２が設けられる。ドラフトチューブ１０の外底部には、
散気管２４が設けられる。２６は回転軸で、ドラフトチ
ューブ１０、下降流加速用攪拌翼２０及び底部液排出加
速用攪拌翼２２を回転させるためのものである。ドラフ
トチューブ１０の外周部には、ドラフトチューブが回転
することにより上向きの力が生じるような形状の、スパ
イラル状又は傾斜板状の突起物２８が設けられており、
ドラフトチューブ１０の外周部における培養液の上昇流
を加速して、培養液をドラフトチューブ１０の外周部で
スパイラル状に流動させる。また、ドラフトチューブ１
０の上部には、複数のスリット３０が設けられている。
このスリット３０は、液面がスリット３０近辺まで下降
したときに、液をドラフトチューブ１０内に流入させる
ためのものである。３２、３４はドラフトチューブ１０
と回転軸２６を連結するための連結具、３６は邪魔板、
３８は培養液入口、４０は液出口、４２は排気口であ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the shapes of the constituent members described in this embodiment, their relative arrangements, and the like are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to them unless otherwise specified, and are merely illustrative examples. Nothing more. Example 1 In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a cylindrical draft tube having open upper and lower ends, and a space between a vertical side culture tank 12 having a cylindrical shape, a side wall 14, a bottom wall 16 and a tank lid 18. Are installed concentrically. A stirring blade 20 for accelerating the descending flow is provided in an upper portion of the draft tube 10, and a stirring blade 2 for accelerating the bottom liquid discharge is provided below the draft tube 10.
Two are provided. At the outer bottom of the draft tube 10,
An air diffuser 24 is provided. Reference numeral 26 denotes a rotating shaft for rotating the draft tube 10, the downflow accelerating stirring blade 20, and the bottom liquid discharge accelerating stirring blade 22. On the outer peripheral portion of the draft tube 10, there is provided a spiral or inclined plate-shaped projection 28 having a shape such that an upward force is generated by the rotation of the draft tube .
Upflow of culture solution in the outer periphery of the draft tube 10
To accelerate the culture solution at the outer periphery of the draft tube 10.
Make it flow in a spiral shape. Also, draft tube 1
A plurality of slits 30 are provided in the upper part of 0.
The slit 30 is for allowing the liquid to flow into the draft tube 10 when the liquid surface descends to the vicinity of the slit 30. 32 and 34 are draft tubes 10
And a connecting tool for connecting the rotary shaft 26 to the rotary shaft 26, and a baffle 36,
38 is a culture solution inlet, 40 is a solution outlet, and 42 is an exhaust port.
【０００８】 実施例２ 本実施例は、連続した突起物を代わりに、図２に示すよ
うに、不連続の突起物４４を設けたものである。他の構
成及び作用は図１の場合と同様である。Embodiment 2 In this embodiment, instead of a continuous protrusion, a discontinuous protrusion 44 is provided as shown in FIG. Other configurations and operations are similar to those in the case of FIG.
【０００９】 実施例３ 本実施例は、図３に示すように、ドラフトチューブ１０
内に下向きに空気を噴出する散気管４６を設けたもので
ある。図３では、一例として、回転軸２６を中空状と
し、この中空部に空気を供給して、散気管４６から下向
きに噴出するようにしている。この散気管４６は、底部
の散気管の代わりに設けてもよく、又は両者を設けても
よい。他の構成及び作用は図１の場合と同様である。Example 3 In this example, as shown in FIG.
An air diffuser 46 for ejecting air downward is provided inside. In FIG. 3, as an example, the rotary shaft 26 is hollow, and air is supplied to the hollow portion so that the air is ejected downward from the air diffuser 46. This air diffusing tube 46 may be provided instead of the bottom air diffusing tube, or both may be provided. Other configurations and operations are similar to those in the case of FIG.
【００１０】[0010]
【考案の効果】本考案は、上記のように構成されている
ので、つぎのような効果を奏する。 （１） 高濃度菌体培養時等の高粘度（非ニュートン流
体）に対しても、槽内全体が均一に混合でき、気液接触
効率が高くなる。 （２） ドラフトチューブ内の上部に下降流加速用攪拌
翼を設けるとともに、ドラフトチューブの下部近傍に底
部液排出加速用攪拌翼を設けているので、効率よく培養
液を循環させることができる。 （３） ドラフトチューブの外周部にスパイラル状の連
続又は不連続の突起物を設けているので、ドラフトチュ
ーブ外周部における培養液の上昇流が加速されて、培養
液がドラフトチューブの外周部でスパイラル状に流動
し、このため、気液 接触効率が高く、菌体が一部自己増
粒し、菌体の高濃度化が促進される。また、ドラフトチ
ューブの回転エネルギーで液体を主に流動させるため、
菌体へのダメージが少ない。Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. (1) Even for high viscosity (non-Newtonian fluid) during high-concentration cell culture, the entire inside of the tank can be uniformly mixed, and the gas-liquid contact efficiency becomes high. (2) Since the stirring blade for accelerating the downward flow is provided in the upper part of the draft tube and the stirring blade for accelerating the bottom liquid discharge is provided near the lower part of the draft tube, the culture solution can be efficiently circulated. (3) Since there is provided a spiral continuous or discontinuous projections on the outer periphery of the draft tube, draft Ju
The upward flow of the culture solution in the outer peripheral portion of the tube is accelerated, and the culture solution flows spirally in the outer peripheral portion of the draft tube. Therefore, the gas-liquid contact efficiency is high, and the cells are partially self-granulated. Enrichment of bacterial cells is promoted. Also, because the liquid mainly flows by the rotational energy of the draft tube,
Less damage to the fungus body.
【図１】本考案の一実施例を示す培養装置の縦断面説明
図である。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a culture apparatus showing one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本考案の他の実施例を示す培養装置の縦断面説
明図である。FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of a culture device showing another embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本考案のさらに他の実施例を示す培養装置の縦
断面説明図である。FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of a culture device showing still another embodiment of the present invention.
１０ ドラフトチューブ １２ 培養槽 １４ 槽側壁 １６ 槽底壁 １８ 槽蓋 ２０ 下降流加速用攪拌翼 ２２ 底部液排出加速用攪拌翼 ２４ 散気管 ２６ 回転軸 ２８ 突起物 ３０ スリット ３６ 邪魔板 ４４ 突起物 ４６ 散気管 10 Draft tube 12 Culture tank 14 Tank side wall 16 Tank bottom wall 18 Tank lid 20 Stirring blade for downward flow acceleration 22 Stirring blade for accelerating bottom liquid discharge 24 Diffuser tube 26 Rotating shaft 28 Projection 30 Slit 36 Baffle plate 44 Projection 46 Dispersion trachea
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)考案者 今井 泰彦 千葉県野田市野田399 キッコーマン株 式会社 研究本部内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭54−5091（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−104276（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実公 平３−2158（ＪＰ，Ｙ２) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yasuhiko Imai 399 Noda, Chiba Prefecture Noda City Kikkoman Co., Ltd. Research Division (56) Reference JP-A-54-5091 (JP, A) JP-A-2-104276 ( JP, A) Jikkouhei 3-2158 (JP, Y2)
Claims (2)
（１０）を、縦型培養槽（１２）内に槽側壁（１４）、
槽底壁（１６）及び槽蓋（１８）との間に間隙が生じる
ように設置した培養装置において、 ドラフトチューブ（１０）内の上部に設けられた下降流
加速用攪拌翼（２０）と、 ドラフトチューブ（１０）の下部近傍に設けられた底部
液排出加速用攪拌翼（２２）と、 ドラフトチューブ（１０）の外底部又は内部に設けられ
た散気管（２４）、（４６）と、 ドラフトチューブ（１０）を回転させる回転軸（２６）
と、 を備え、さらに、ドラフトチューブ（１０）の外周部
に、ドラフトチューブが回転することにより上向きの力
が生じるような形状の突起物（２８）、（４４）を設け
たことを特徴とする培養装置。1. A draft tube (10) having open upper and lower ends is placed in a vertical culture tank (12) in a tank side wall (14).
In a culture device installed so that a gap is formed between the tank bottom wall (16) and the tank lid (18), a downflow accelerating stirring blade (20) provided in an upper part of the draft tube (10), A stirring blade (22) for accelerating the bottom liquid discharge provided near the lower portion of the draft tube (10), air diffusers (24), (46) provided on the outer bottom or inside of the draft tube (10), and a draft Rotating shaft (26) for rotating the tube (10)
And, further, the outer peripheral portion of the draft tube (10)
In addition, the upward force due to the rotation of the draft tube
A culturing apparatus, characterized in that projections (28), (44) having a shape that causes the occurrence of the above are provided .
と、底部液排出加速用攪拌翼（２２）の回転軸と、ドラ
フトチューブ（１０）回転用の回転軸（２６）とを共用
するようにした請求項１記載の培養装置。2. The rotating shaft of the stirring blade (20) for accelerating the downflow, the rotating shaft of the stirring blade (22) for accelerating the bottom liquid discharge, and the rotating shaft (26) for rotating the draft tube (10). culture apparatus 請 Motomeko 1 wherein so as to.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991085787U JP2519058Y2 (en) | 1991-09-24 | 1991-09-24 | Incubator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991085787U JP2519058Y2 (en) | 1991-09-24 | 1991-09-24 | Incubator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0529400U JPH0529400U (en) | 1993-04-20 |
| JP2519058Y2 true JP2519058Y2 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
Family
ID=13868602
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1991085787U Expired - Lifetime JP2519058Y2 (en) | 1991-09-24 | 1991-09-24 | Incubator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2519058Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI109456B (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2002-08-15 | Outokumpu Oy | Leaching of solid matter, e.g. metal concentrate, from sludge, uses reactor having double-action mixer in the vicinity of central pipe's lower edge |
| EP1572314A1 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2005-09-14 | E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company | Apparatus and method for forming crystals/precipitate/particles |
| JP2010178734A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-08-19 | Ihi Corp | Agitator |
| KR101340712B1 (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2013-12-12 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | Mix apparatus including draft tube |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1584103A (en) * | 1977-06-01 | 1981-02-04 | Ranks Hovis Mcdougall Ltd | Method and apparatus for promoting fermentation |
| GB8811114D0 (en) * | 1988-05-11 | 1988-06-15 | Ici Plc | Fermentation process & apparatus |
| JPH0725416Y2 (en) * | 1989-05-31 | 1995-06-07 | 株式会社アルファ | Cylinder lock |
-
1991
- 1991-09-24 JP JP1991085787U patent/JP2519058Y2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0529400U (en) | 1993-04-20 |
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