JP2024083181A - Functional recovery support device - Google Patents

Functional recovery support device Download PDF

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JP2024083181A
JP2024083181A JP2022197550A JP2022197550A JP2024083181A JP 2024083181 A JP2024083181 A JP 2024083181A JP 2022197550 A JP2022197550 A JP 2022197550A JP 2022197550 A JP2022197550 A JP 2022197550A JP 2024083181 A JP2024083181 A JP 2024083181A
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footboard
footboards
support device
functional recovery
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泉 小林
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有限会社アイキャプス
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Abstract

【課題】 足関節の背屈を司る筋肉を具体的に意識させ且つ機能させ、足首の随意運動の効率的な回復に寄与する機能回復支援装置の提供。【解決手段】 被訓練者の足を乗せる足踏板1と、当該足踏板1を前後方向へ揺動可能に支持する台板2と、を備え、各足踏板1,1は、足先部に被訓練者の足先を保持するための保持手段3を備え、土踏まず部下に当該足踏板1の揺動の支点を備え、踵部下に無負荷時において伸展状態に復帰する伸縮負荷部材4を備え、前記揺動により表面が前傾状態から後傾状態を行き来する様に向きを変えることを特徴とする機能回復支援装置。【選択図】 図1[Problem] To provide a functional recovery support device that specifically focuses and functions the muscles that control dorsiflexion of the ankle joint, and contributes to the efficient recovery of voluntary ankle movement. [Solution] A functional recovery support device that comprises footboards 1 on which the trainee places his/her feet, and a base plate 2 that supports said footboards 1 so that said footboards 1 can swing back and forth, each footboard 1, 1 having a holding means 3 at the toe portion for holding the toes of the trainee, a fulcrum for the swinging of said footboard 1 under the arch, and an expandable load member 4 under the heel that returns to an extended state when no load is applied, and the swinging movement changes the orientation of the surface so that it goes back and forth between a forward tilted state and a backward tilted state. [Selected drawing] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、老化、ロコモティブシンドローム又は外傷等により下肢に障害が起きた場合等の機能回復を支援する装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a device that assists in functional recovery in cases where the lower limbs have been injured due to aging, locomotive syndrome, or trauma, etc.

ロコモーティブシンドロームは、男女を問わず老化や脳卒中等に起因する運動器の障害のために立ったり歩いたりするための身体能力(移動機能)が低下した状態を言う。
下肢の障害には、つま先を持ち上げる筋肉を制御できない「下垂足」と呼ばれる症状が伴うことが少なくない。
「下垂足」になると、踵から着地することができないため正常な歩行が困難となり、足先を擦って引っ掛けたり、足部でのバランスコントロール能力が低下し、転倒する頻度が高まることとなる。
従来、その様な症状の下でも安全な生活を送るために、足の機能を補助するための様々な装具や、歩行を支援するため装置が提供されている。
また、その様な症状を改善するための様々な機能回復訓練が行われている。
Locomotive syndrome refers to a condition in which the physical ability to stand and walk (mobility function) is reduced in both men and women due to disorders of the musculoskeletal system caused by aging, stroke, etc.
Lower limb disorders are often accompanied by a condition known as "foot drop," in which the person cannot control the muscles that lift the toes.
When a person has "drop foot," it becomes difficult to walk normally because the person is unable to land on their heels, and the person may scrape and catch the toes, or the person's ability to control balance in the feet may decrease, leading to more frequent falls.
Conventionally, in order to allow people to live a safe life despite such symptoms, various braces for supporting the function of the feet and devices for assisting walking have been provided.
In addition, various functional recovery trainings are being carried out to improve such symptoms.

従来の装具は、例えば、下腿を緊締する下腿支持体と、該支持体の両側下端を下方に伸延した下腿伸延部と、足の底部前端部を載置支持する足底支持部と、足底支持部の後端を伸延した足底伸延部と、下腿伸延部と足底伸延部との先端部同士を折り曲げ自在とした枢支部と、下腿支持体と足底支持部との間に介在した架設した調整用バンド部材とを備えた下垂足矯正用具(下記特許文献1参照。)や、装着時に足の爪先の内側及び外側に位置する少なくとも2のホルダ部を有する爪先バンドと、装着時に足首の内側及び外側に位置するホルダ部を有する足首バンドと、前記装着時に足の爪先の内側に位置するホルダ部側と前記装着時に足首の内側に位置するホルダ部側を連結する連結ベルトと、前記装着時に足の爪先の外側に位置するホルダ部側と前記装着時に足首の外側に位置するホルダ部側を連結する連結ベルトを具備し、連結ベルトの面ファスナーの張り合わせによる長さ調整で、装着者の足(又は靴)と脛との可動角度を調整することができる短下肢装具(下記特許文献2参照。)が提供されている。
これらの装具は、物理的に足首を支え、「下垂足」を防ぐことによって正常な歩行を促すことができるが、装具を装着し自発的に足を使うことが少なくなるため、足先の使い方を忘れてしまう虞がある。
Conventional orthoses include, for example, a drop foot correction device (see Patent Document 1 below) that includes a crus support for tightening the crus, crus extensions extending downward from both lower ends of the support, a sole support for supporting and placing the front end of the sole of the foot, a sole extension extending from the rear end of the sole support, a pivot that allows the tips of the crus extension and sole extension to be bent freely together, and an adjustment band member disposed between the crus support and the sole support; Provided is a short lower limb orthosis (see Patent Document 2 below) which comprises an ankle band having holder parts located on the inside and outside of the neck, a connecting belt connecting the holder part side located on the inside of the toes when the orthosis is worn to the holder part side located on the inside of the ankle when the orthosis is worn, and a connecting belt connecting the holder part side located on the outside of the toes when the orthosis is worn to the holder part side located on the outside of the ankle when the orthosis is worn, and which can adjust the movable angle between the wearer's foot (or shoe) and shin by adjusting the length of the connecting belt by gluing together the hook-and-loop fasteners.
These braces can promote normal walking by physically supporting the ankle and preventing "foot drop," but because wearing the brace reduces voluntary use of the foot, there is a risk that the patient will forget how to use their toes.

機能回復訓練は、脳で筋肉の制御をことを再学習する作業であって、「下垂足」その他の下肢の障害の治療法としては極めて有益である。
例えば、機能的電気刺激(Functional Electrical Stimulation:FES)は、麻痺肢の機能再建法のひとつとして知られており、歩行位相を検出するためのスイッチを健側の足底に取り付けて歩行位相を検出する歩行位相検出部と、検出された歩行位相に基づいて脳卒中や脊髄損傷による麻痺患者の中枢神経系から下
行する信号に代替する制御信号を発生する制御信号発生部と、この制御信号に基づいて麻痺筋の支配神経に電気刺激を与えるFESシステムを具備する装置(下記特許文献3参照。)が用いられる。
Restorative training, the process of relearning muscle control with the brain, is extremely useful as a treatment for "foot drop" and other disorders of the lower limbs.
For example, Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is known as one of the methods for restoring the function of paralyzed limbs, and uses a device (see Patent Document 3 below) that includes a walking phase detection unit that detects the walking phase by attaching a switch for detecting the walking phase to the sole of the healthy side, a control signal generation unit that generates a control signal that replaces the signal descending from the central nervous system of a patient paralyzed by stroke or spinal cord injury based on the detected walking phase, and an FES system that applies electrical stimulation to the nerves controlling the paralyzed muscles based on this control signal.

機能的電気刺激は、麻痺した筋肉内の神経に小さな電気パルスを送り、流された電気で筋肉を活性化することによって、歩行時等における足の動きを補助することにも利用されている。
例えば、麻痺した下肢の下端部の前方向における運動を示す第1情報を検知するための第1センサと、前記下端部の鉛直方向における運動を示す第2情報を検知するための第2センサと、前記第1情報および前記第2情報に基づいて、前記麻痺した下肢の筋肉に対して与える電気刺激を制御する制御部とを備え、麻痺した下肢を有する患者の歩行を補助する補助装置(下記特許文献4参照。)が挙げられる。
この様な装置を高齢者等が装着すれば、起立時や歩行時等における転倒事故を未然に防ぐことができる場合もあるが、筋肉への電気パルスによる働きかけで目的とする運動を支配する筋肉を動かすことは、ともすれば被訓練者の意思の関与が希薄な不随意運動に陥りがちであるため、使い方によっては、被訓練者の随意運動発現の支障となる場合もある。
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is also used to assist leg movements, such as walking, by sending small electrical pulses to the nerves in paralyzed muscles, which then activate the muscles with the electricity passed through them.
For example, there is an assist device (see Patent Document 4 below) that assists a patient with a paralyzed lower limb in walking, the assist device comprising a first sensor for detecting first information indicating forward movement of the lower end of the paralyzed lower limb, a second sensor for detecting second information indicating vertical movement of the lower end, and a control unit that controls electrical stimulation applied to the muscles of the paralyzed lower limb based on the first information and the second information.
If elderly people or others wear such a device, it may be possible to prevent falls while standing or walking. However, since moving the muscles that control the desired movement by applying electrical pulses to the muscles can easily lead to involuntary movements that involve little of the trainee's will, depending on how it is used, it may also hinder the trainee's ability to express voluntary movements.

ロコモティブシンドローム等で機能が低下した足の随意運動を活性化するのみならず、足の筋力を高めるための運動器具として、台板上に、並行配列した2枚の足踏板を揺動可能に軸支し、それぞれの足踏板へ台板に対して常時拡開方向へ弾勢力を与えるようスプリングを配設した弾撥揺動足踏運動具(下記特許文献5参照。)や、基盤の前半部に足先部置台を附設し、断面が凸円弧状をなす頭頂部を有する軸棹を基盤の後半部の中央位置において足先部置台の後辺縁に対して直角の方向に附設し、底面の中央部に円弧状の凹湾切込部を設けた踵部置盤の、該凹湾切込部を軸棹上に組合わせて載置し、人が足先部分を足先部置台上に置き、踵部分を踵部置盤上に乗せて交互に左右の脚部に力を入れてシーソー型に下方に押圧する踵部上下運動具(下記特許文献6参照。)や、床面に載置するベース板と、ベース板の前方側の上部に固定する取付板と、取付板に保持され揺動または上下動可能な右ステップ板および左ステップ板とを備えた運動器具(下記特許文献7参照。)や、足の裏を天板に乗せてつま先を上下させるように足首を動かすことによって、湾曲板の曲面が支持部となり足用運道具がシーソーのように揺動して足首を楽に動かすことができ、足首を動かすのに伴い股も上下動するので、足の血行が促進される足用運道具(下記特許文献8参照。)等が開示されている。 As an exercise machine for not only activating voluntary movement of the feet whose function has been reduced due to locomotive syndrome, etc., but also for increasing muscle strength in the feet, there is a bouncy rocking foot exercise machine (see Patent Document 5 below) in which two foot plates arranged in parallel are supported on a base plate so that they can be rocked, and springs are arranged to constantly apply a spring force to each foot plate in the direction of spreading relative to the base plate; a foot rest is attached to the front half of the base, and a shaft having a convex arc-shaped top is attached to the center of the rear half of the base in a direction perpendicular to the rear edge of the foot rest, and a heel rest with an arc-shaped concave cutout in the center of the bottom surface is placed on the shaft, and a person places the toes on the foot rest and the heels Other examples include a heel lift exerciser in which the left and right legs are placed on a heel rest and alternately pressed downward in a seesaw shape by applying force to the left and right legs (see Patent Document 6 below); an exercise machine equipped with a base plate placed on the floor, an attachment plate fixed to the upper front side of the base plate, and right and left step plates that are held by the attachment plate and can swing or move up and down (see Patent Document 7 below); and a foot exerciser in which the sole of the foot is placed on the top plate and the ankle is moved by moving the toes up and down, with the curved surface of the curved plate acting as a support, causing the foot exerciser to swing like a seesaw, making it easy to move the ankle, and the thighs also move up and down as the ankle moves, promoting blood circulation in the legs (see Patent Document 8 below).

特開2022-134743号公報JP 2022-134743 A 実用新案登録第3217189号公報Utility Model Registration No. 3217189 特開2002-331007号公報JP 2002-331007 A 特開2015-085034号公報JP 2015-085034 A 実開昭56―113560号公報Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 56-113560 実開昭61-016170号公報Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 61-016170 実用新案登録第3229703号公報Utility Model Registration No. 3229703 特開2002-224191号公報JP 2002-224191 A

しかしながら、「下垂足」は、前脛骨筋等の筋力又は随意性が低下し足関節の背屈(爪先を持ち上げた状態)が不可能になった状態であるところ、いずれの運動器具にあっても、極めて抽象的に伸展及び収縮を行わせる運動器具に留まるため、足関節の背屈を司る筋肉を具体的に意識し機能させるための機能回復訓練とはなり難く、筋力及び随意性の両面を効率的に活性化する効果が得難いと言う問題がある。 However, "foot drop" is a condition in which muscle strength or voluntariness of the tibialis anterior and other muscles has decreased, making it impossible to dorsiflex the ankle (raising the toes), and all exercise equipment only allows for extremely abstract extension and contraction, making it difficult to provide functional recovery training that specifically focuses on and activates the muscles that control dorsiflexion of the ankle, resulting in the problem that it is difficult to achieve the effect of efficiently activating both muscle strength and voluntariness.

本発明は、上記実情に鑑みてなされたものであって、足関節の背屈を司る筋肉を具体的に意識させ且つ機能させ、足首の随意運動の効率的な回復に寄与する機能回復支援装置の提供を目的とする。 The present invention was made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide a functional recovery support device that specifically focuses on and activates the muscles that control dorsiflexion of the ankle joint, contributing to the efficient recovery of voluntary ankle movement.

上記課題を解決するためになされた本発明による機能回復支援装置は、被訓練者の足を乗せる足踏板と、当該足踏板を前後方向へ揺動可能に支持する台板と、を備え、各足踏板は、足先部に被訓練者の足先を保持するための保持手段を備え、土踏まず部下に当該足踏板の揺動の支点を備え、踵部下に無負荷時において伸展状態に復帰する伸縮負荷部材を備え、前記揺動により表面が前傾状態から後傾状態を行き来する様に向きを変えることを特徴とする。
機能回復支援装置は、略腰幅から略肩幅に開いた被訓練者の足を乗せる一対の足踏板と、当該一対の足踏板を前後方向へ揺動可能に支持する台板と、を備える構成を採る事もできる。
The functional recovery support device of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, comprises footboards on which the trainee's feet rest and a base plate that supports the footboards so that they can swing back and forth, and each footboard has a holding means for holding the trainee's toes at the toe portion, a fulcrum for the swinging movement of the footboard under the arch portion, and an expandable load member under the heel portion that returns to an extended state when no load is applied, and is characterized in that the swinging movement causes the surface to change direction so as to go back and forth from a forward-leaning state to a backward-leaning state.
The functional recovery support device can also be configured to include a pair of footboards on which the trainee places his/her feet, spaced approximately waist-width to shoulder-width apart, and a base plate that supports the pair of footboards so that they can swing back and forth.

復帰時において背屈から底屈(足先を伸ばした状態)への急激な変化が生じることを回避し、足首へ過度な負担を与えない様に、前記伸縮負荷部材は、使用感が柔らかい多孔質構造の緩衝材であることが望ましい。 In order to avoid a sudden change from dorsiflexion to plantar flexion (toes extended) during return and to avoid placing excessive strain on the ankle, it is desirable for the elastic load-bearing member to be a cushioning material with a porous structure that is soft to the touch.

本発明による機能回復支援装置によれば、足先部に被訓練者の足先を保持するための保持手段を備え、土踏まず部下に足踏板の揺動の支点を置き、且つ踵部下に無負荷時において伸展状態に復帰する伸縮負荷部材を置くことによって、踵部に自重をかけることで足首を背屈させる事が不自由となり、前脛骨筋等の伸縮と腓腹筋及びヒラメ筋等の伸縮を具体的に意識しながらの背屈及び底屈が余儀なくされるため、筋力及び随意性の両面を効率的に活性化する効果を得ることができる。 The functional recovery support device of the present invention is provided with a holding means for holding the toes of the trainee at the toes, a fulcrum for the swinging of the foot plate is placed under the arch, and an elastic load member that returns to an extended state when no load is applied is placed under the heel. By placing one's own weight on the heel, it becomes difficult to dorsiflex the ankle, and dorsiflexion and plantar flexion are forced while being specifically aware of the stretching of the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, soleus, etc., thereby obtaining the effect of efficiently activating both muscle strength and volition.

また、伸縮負荷部材として、使用感が柔らかい低反発発砲材等の多孔質構造の緩衝材を採用することによって、足首を背屈から底屈へ転じる際に、スプリングや板バネ等の様に急激な復帰作用による過大な働きかけが生じる問題が解消され、足首へ不要な負担を与えることなく、筋肉の伸展と収縮をゆっくりと意識しながら訓練を行うことができる。
この様に、本発明による機能回復支援装置は、足首関節の背屈を司る筋肉を具体的に意識させ且つ機能させ、足首の随意運動の効率的な回復に寄与する。
In addition, by using a porous cushioning material such as memory foam, which is soft to the touch, as the elastic load-bearing member, the problem of excessive pressure caused by the sudden return action of a spring or leaf spring when the ankle changes from dorsiflexion to plantar flexion is eliminated, allowing training to be performed while slowly focusing on muscle stretching and contraction without placing unnecessary strain on the ankle.
In this way, the functional recovery assistance device according to the present invention allows the patient to specifically become aware of and function the muscles that control dorsiflexion of the ankle joint, thereby contributing to the efficient recovery of voluntary ankle movement.

本発明による機能回復支援装置の一例を示す、(A)正面図,(B)側方から観た実施態様図,(C)背面図,(D)平面図及び(E)底面図である。1A is a front view, FIG. 1B is a side view of an embodiment of a functional recovery support device according to the present invention, FIG. 1C is a rear view, FIG. 本発明による機能回復支援装置の一例を示す、(A)正面図,(B)側方から観た実施態様図,(C)背面図,(D)平面図及び(E)底面図である。1A is a front view, FIG. 1B is a side view of an embodiment of a functional recovery support device according to the present invention, FIG. 1C is a rear view, FIG. 本発明による機能回復支援装置の一例を示す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view showing an example of a functional recovery support device according to the present invention.

以下、本発明による機能回復支援装置の実施の形態を図面に基づき詳細に説明する。
図3は、本発明による機能回復支援装置(以下、「装置」と記す。)の一例である。
この例は、被訓練者(trainee)の足を乗せる足踏板1と、当該足踏板1を前後方向へ揺動可能に支持する台板2とを備える。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a functional recovery support device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 3 shows an example of a functional recovery support device (hereinafter, referred to as "device") according to the present invention.
This example comprises a footboard 1 on which a trainee places his/her feet, and a base plate 2 that supports the footboard 1 so that it can swing back and forth.

この例の前記台板2は、長方形状の板であるが、足踏板1を安定して指示できる形態であればよく、使用に堪え得る十分な強度と安定性が得られる限りにおいて、総重量を抑える等のために、各足踏板1,1が配置されない当該台板2の中央部をくり抜いた構成を採用することもできる。
また、振動やガタツキを吸収するために、当該台板2の全裏面に亘るマットや、当該台板2の四隅の裏面から突出する脚を備える構成を採ることができる。
足踏板1,1は、当該台板2における被訓練者の略腰幅から略肩幅に開いた足の位置に設定された左領域2L及び右領域2Rにおいて、前後方向へ揺動する様にそれぞれ配置されている。
The base plate 2 in this example is a rectangular plate, but any shape that can stably support the foot boards 1 will suffice, and as long as sufficient strength and stability for use is obtained, a configuration in which the center of the base plate 2 where the foot boards 1, 1 are not located is hollowed out in order to reduce the total weight, etc., can be adopted.
In order to absorb vibrations and rattles, a configuration can be adopted in which a mat is provided over the entire back surface of the base plate 2, or legs are provided protruding from the back surface of the four corners of the base plate 2.
The footboards 1, 1 are respectively positioned so as to swing back and forth in a left area 2L and a right area 2R, which are set at a position on the platform 2 where the trainee's feet are spread approximately between waist width and shoulder width.

各足踏板1,1は、被訓練者の足裏全体が乗る広さを持つ長方形状の板体である。
この装置の各足踏板1,1は、その足先部に被訓練者の足先を保持するための保持手段3が固定され、その土踏まず部下に前後揺動の支点となる脚部5が固着され、その踵部下に無負荷時において伸展状態に復帰する伸縮負荷部材(以下、「負荷部材」と記す。)4が取り換え可能に固定され、後端部に踵を支持する踵止め6が突設されている。
尚、各足踏板1,1の表面に、汚染防止、滑り止め又は足裏の保護を目的としたマット7を貼着してもよく、又は足裏の凹凸に倣う曲面を形成してもよい。
Each footboard 1, 1 is a rectangular plate having an area large enough for the entire sole of the trainee to rest on.
Each foot plate 1, 1 of this device has a holding means 3 fixed to the toe portion for holding the toes of the trainee, a leg portion 5 which serves as the fulcrum for back and forth swinging is fixed below the arch, an expandable load member (hereinafter referred to as the "load member") 4 which returns to an extended state when no load is applied is replaceably fixed below the heel, and a heel stopper 6 which supports the heel is protruded from the rear end.
A mat 7 may be attached to the surface of each footboard 1, 1 for the purpose of preventing contamination, preventing slipping and protecting the soles of the feet, or a curved surface may be formed to follow the contours of the soles of the feet.

前記保持手段3は、被訓練者の足先を足踏板1の表面に拘束する甲帯であって、周長の調整が可能な環状に成形した状態で、各足踏板1,1の足先部に固定されている。
前記脚部5は、同じ三角形状に裁断された一対の脚板5a,5aが、負荷部材4を収容し得る空隙を挟んで平行に配置されたものである。
一対の脚板5a,5aは、各々の頂部の前後いずれかの面を同様にヒンジ8の一方の羽根に固定することによって一体化され、当該ヒンジ8の他方の羽根を台板2の左領域2L及び右領域2Rの前後方向の中央部に、当該ヒンジ8の軸ピンが台板2の左右方向へ向く様に固定することによって、各足踏板1,1は、当該ヒンジ8を介して台板2に対して前後揺動可能となる様に軸支される。
The retaining means 3 is an instep strap that restrains the toes of the trainee to the surface of the footboard 1, and is fixed to the toe portion of each footboard 1, 1 in a ring-shaped form whose circumference can be adjusted.
The leg portion 5 is formed by a pair of leg plates 5a, 5a cut into the same triangular shape and arranged in parallel with a gap capable of accommodating the load member 4 therebetween.
A pair of leg plates 5a, 5a are integrated by fixing either the front or rear surface of the top of each to one of the wings of a hinge 8, and the other wing of the hinge 8 is fixed to the center of the front-to-rear direction of the left region 2L and right region 2R of the base plate 2, with the pivot pin of the hinge 8 facing in the left-to-right direction of the base plate 2. By doing so, each foot plate 1, 1 is pivoted so as to be able to swing back and forth relative to the base plate 2 via the hinge 8.

各足踏板1,1が行う前後揺動は、足踏板1の表面が前傾状態から後傾状態を行き来する様に向きを変えるシーソー動作である。
この例における各足踏板1,1の揺動量は、脚部5の高さ及び負荷部材4の形態及び性状を調整することにより、前脛骨筋等の収縮による背屈:0~20°程度と、腓腹筋及びヒラメ筋等の収縮による底屈:0~45°程度が可能となる様に調整される。
The back and forth swing of each footboard 1, 1 is a seesaw motion in which the surface of the footboard 1 changes direction from a forward tilted state to a backward tilted state.
In this example, the amount of swing of each footboard 1, 1 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the leg 5 and the shape and properties of the load member 4 so that dorsiflexion due to contraction of the tibialis anterior muscle, etc.: approximately 0 to 20°, and plantar flexion due to contraction of the gastrocnemius, soleus muscle, etc.: approximately 0 to 45° is possible.

前記伸縮負荷部材4は、様々なものを用いることが可能であるが、この例では、形状が多様に変化して圧縮後の復元性を持ち、復元時の圧力が局部に集中することなく分散する多孔質構造の緩衝材を採用する。
足に能動的な背屈と底屈を与えるための随意性のある筋肉の伸展と収縮を可能とする適正な負荷と復元性を得る上では、多孔質構造の緩衝材として弾性と粘弾性(遅復元性)を併せ持つ軟質ウレタンフォームを用いることが望ましい。
殊に、ポリウレタン樹脂を素材とした連通気泡の発泡体である低反発フォームを用いることで、圧縮後にゆっくりと元の状態に戻る遅復元性を得て被訓練者の足に優しい繊細な訓練装置とすることができる。
A variety of materials can be used as the expansion/contraction load member 4, but in this example, a porous cushioning material is used, which has a variety of shapes that allow it to recover after compression and disperse the pressure during recovery without concentrating it in one area.
In order to obtain the appropriate load and resilience to allow for voluntary muscle extension and contraction to provide active dorsiflexion and plantar flexion to the foot, it is desirable to use soft urethane foam that has both elasticity and viscoelasticity (slow resilience) as a porous cushioning material.
In particular, by using low-resilience foam, which is a foam with open cells made of polyurethane resin, it is possible to obtain slow recovery, that is, a slow return to the original state after compression, making it possible to create a delicate training device that is gentle on the trainee's feet.

この例の負荷部材4は、足踏板1の揺動の軌跡に倣った略扇状に成形されている。
負荷部材4は、当該負荷部材4の両端部を、足踏板1、1の踵部の裏面と、前記左領域2L及び右領域2Rの後部表面に設けられた保持部(図示省略)に嵌め入れる等により固定する。この例では、その際、一対の脚板5a,5aの間の空隙の後部に当該負荷部材4の一部が装填される。
足踏板1の裏面及び台板2の表面に設けられた保持部は、例えば、当該負荷部材4の両端部の形状に合わせた凹部を持った枠等である。
この様に、負荷部材4の伸縮方向の両側に、当該負荷部材4両端を保持できる枠を配置することによって、その側面に配置された脚板5a,5aの存在とも相俟って、特に接着剤やねじ止めを行うこともなく、当該負荷部材4を定位置に安定保持することができ、反発弾性率の異なる負荷部材4を被訓練者の症状に応じて容易に交換することができる。
The load member 4 in this example is formed in a roughly fan-like shape following the path of the swinging motion of the footboard 1 .
The load member 4 is fixed by fitting both ends of the load member 4 into retaining portions (not shown) provided on the rear surfaces of the heels of the foot plates 1, 1 and the rear surfaces of the left and right regions 2L and 2R. In this example, a part of the load member 4 is loaded into the rear of the gap between the pair of leg plates 5a, 5a.
The holding portions provided on the underside of the footboard 1 and the surface of the base plate 2 are, for example, frames or the like having recesses that match the shapes of both ends of the load member 4 .
In this way, by arranging frames capable of holding both ends of the load member 4 on both sides of the load member 4 in the extension/contraction direction, combined with the presence of leg plates 5a, 5a arranged on the sides, the load member 4 can be stably held in a fixed position without the need for any adhesives or screws, and load members 4 with different rebound elasticity moduli can be easily replaced depending on the symptoms of the trainee.

以上のごとく構成された装置を用いた訓練は、当該装置を椅子の前方に配置し、背屈と底屈を繰り返すことが主となる。
椅子に座った状態で、足先を甲帯(保持手段3)に通し足踏板1にフィットさせると、土踏まずを境とした前後の重心移動が不自由となる。その結果、被訓練者は、足踏板(特に踵部)1に自重をかけることが困難となり、専ら筋力で背屈を行うことが余儀なくされるため、足首の背屈と底屈の訓練をそれに関与する筋肉の伸展及び収縮を意識しつつ実施することができる。
足首の背屈量及び底屈量、負荷部材4の強度及び性状、並びに訓練メニューは、被訓練者の症状に応じて訓練者が調整し訓練を実施する。
多孔質構造の緩衝材は、機能面では、軽量で、衝撃吸収性、制振性、圧力分散性、吸音性等が良いため、家庭での訓練を行う際に同居者が負担に感じることもなく、トイレに配置すれば、被訓練者の脚の運動に起因して便通の改善という副次的な効果も得られる。
また、多孔質構造の緩衝材は、デザイン面では、着色自由度が広いため、室内の美観を損ねることも回避できる。
Training using the device configured as described above mainly involves placing the device in front of a chair and repeating dorsiflexion and plantar flexion.
When the trainee sits on a chair and puts the toes through the instep belt (retaining means 3) and fits the foot plate 1, it becomes difficult to move the center of gravity forward and backward around the arch of the foot. As a result, it becomes difficult for the trainee to put his/her own weight on the foot plate (especially the heel) 1, and he/she is forced to perform dorsiflexion solely by muscle strength, so that the trainee can train the dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the ankle while being conscious of the stretching and contraction of the muscles involved.
The amount of dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the ankle, the strength and properties of the load member 4, and the training menu are adjusted by the trainee according to the trainee's symptoms, and the training is carried out.
In terms of functionality, the porous cushioning material is lightweight and has good shock absorption, vibration damping, pressure dispersion, and sound absorption properties, so it does not burden housemates when training at home, and if placed in the toilet, it has the secondary effect of improving bowel movements due to the leg movement of the trainee.
In addition, from a design perspective, porous cushioning materials allow for a wide range of coloring options, which helps avoid spoiling the aesthetic look of the room.

1 足踏板,
2 台板,2L 左領域,2R 右領域,
3 保持手段,4 負荷部材,5 脚部,6 踵止め,7 マット,8 ヒンジ,
1 footboard,
2 base plate, 2L left area, 2R right area,
3 holding means, 4 load member, 5 foot, 6 heel stop, 7 mat, 8 hinge,

Claims (3)

被訓練者の足を乗せる足踏板と、当該足踏板を前後方向へ揺動可能に支持する台板と、を備え、
各足踏板は、足先部に被訓練者の足先を保持するための保持手段を備え、土踏まず部下に当該足踏板の揺動の支点を備え、踵部下に無負荷時において伸展状態に復帰する伸縮負荷部材を備え、前記揺動により表面が前傾状態から後傾状態を行き来する様に向きを変えることを特徴とする機能回復支援装置。
The training device is provided with a footboard on which the trainee places his/her feet, and a base plate that supports the footboard so that the footboard can swing back and forth.
This functional recovery support device is characterized in that each foot plate has a holding means at the toe portion for holding the toes of the trainee, a fulcrum for the swinging movement of the foot plate under the arch portion, and an elastic load member under the heel portion which returns to an extended state when no load is applied, and the swinging movement causes the surface to change direction from a forward-leaning state to a backward-leaning state.
略腰幅から略肩幅に開いた被訓練者の足を乗せる一対の足踏板と、当該一対の足踏板を前後方向へ揺動可能に支持する台板と、を備え、
各足踏板は、足先部に被訓練者の足先を保持するための保持手段を備え、土踏まず部下に当該足踏板の揺動の支点を備え、踵部下に無負荷時において伸展状態に復帰する伸縮負荷部材を備え、前記揺動により表面が前傾状態から後傾状態を行き来する様に向きを変えることを特徴とする機能回復支援装置。
The training device is provided with a pair of footboards on which the trainee places his/her feet with the feet spaced approximately from waist width to shoulder width, and a base plate that supports the pair of footboards so that the pair of footboards can swing back and forth.
This functional recovery support device is characterized in that each foot plate has a holding means at the toe portion for holding the toes of the trainee, a fulcrum for the swinging movement of the foot plate under the arch portion, and an elastic load member under the heel portion which returns to an extended state when no load is applied, and the swinging movement causes the surface to change direction from a forward-leaning state to a backward-leaning state.
前記伸縮負荷部材は、多孔質構造の緩衝材であることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2のいずれかに記載のマスク。
3. The mask according to claim 1, wherein the elastic load member is a buffer material having a porous structure.
JP2022197550A 2022-12-10 2022-12-10 Functional recovery support device Pending JP2024083181A (en)

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