JP2024001657A - Vehicular air conditioner - Google Patents
Vehicular air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- JP2024001657A JP2024001657A JP2022100456A JP2022100456A JP2024001657A JP 2024001657 A JP2024001657 A JP 2024001657A JP 2022100456 A JP2022100456 A JP 2022100456A JP 2022100456 A JP2022100456 A JP 2022100456A JP 2024001657 A JP2024001657 A JP 2024001657A
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101000686227 Homo sapiens Ras-related protein R-Ras2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100025003 Ras-related protein R-Ras2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、車両用空調装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner.
従来、エンジン廃熱が利用できない或いは利用が制限される電動車両（ＥＶ（Electric Vehicles）、ＨＶ（Hybrid Vehicles）、ＰＨＶ（Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles）を含む）の車両用空調装置は、ヒートポンプを構成する冷媒回路を熱源として用いている。また、冷媒回路の冷媒と車室内の空気とを直接熱交換するのではなく、水などの熱媒体を介して車室内空気の温調を行うことがなされており、その際、暖房時には冷媒回路の放熱で高温になった熱媒体を空調装置の加熱器に流し、冷房時には冷媒回路の吸熱で低温になった熱媒体を空調装置の冷却器に流す熱媒体回路が用いられている（下記特許文献１参照）。 Conventionally, vehicle air conditioners for electric vehicles (including EVs (Electric Vehicles), HVs (Hybrid Vehicles), and PHVs (Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles)) in which engine waste heat cannot be used or whose use is limited have been configured as heat pumps. A refrigerant circuit is used as a heat source. In addition, instead of directly exchanging heat between the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit and the air inside the vehicle, the temperature of the air inside the vehicle is controlled via a heat medium such as water. A heat medium circuit is used in which the heat medium that has become high temperature due to heat dissipation is passed through the heater of the air conditioner, and during cooling, the heat medium that has become low temperature due to heat absorption in the refrigerant circuit is passed through the cooler of the air conditioner (see the following patent). (See Reference 1).
従来技術の車両用空調装置における熱媒体回路は、車室内の空調を行うために、ＨＶＡＣ（Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning）ユニット内の空気熱媒体熱交換器に熱媒体を流すと共に、外気吸熱等のための外部熱交換器（ラジエータ）に熱媒体を流し、また、バッテリやモータ等の車載発熱機器を温調するために、車載発熱機器温調用の熱交換器に熱媒体を流している。 A heat medium circuit in a conventional vehicle air conditioner supplies heat medium to an air heat medium heat exchanger in an HVAC (Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) unit in order to air condition the vehicle interior, and also flows heat medium through an air heat medium heat exchanger in an HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) unit. In order to control the temperature of in-vehicle heat-generating devices such as batteries and motors, the heat medium is passed through a heat exchanger for temperature control of in-vehicle heat-generating devices such as batteries and motors. .
このような熱媒体回路を備える車両用空調装置は、暖房運転時には、冷媒回路の吸熱で低温になった熱媒体を外部熱交換器に流すことで外気吸熱を行っているが、外気からの吸熱では足りない時には、熱媒体回路に設けられる車載発熱機器温調用の熱交換器で車載発熱機器の廃熱を回収し、それによって、吸熱量不足を補っていた。 During heating operation, a vehicle air conditioner equipped with such a heat medium circuit absorbs heat from outside air by flowing the heat medium, which has become low temperature due to heat absorption in the refrigerant circuit, through an external heat exchanger. When this was insufficient, waste heat from the vehicle's heat generating equipment was recovered using a heat exchanger installed in the heat medium circuit for controlling the temperature of the vehicle's heat generating equipment, thereby making up for the lack of heat absorption.
しかしながら、車載発熱機器温調用の熱交換器にバッテリ温調用の熱交換器が含まれている場合には、バッテリからの吸熱でバッテリを過度に冷却してしまう場合があり、このような場合には、バッテリを適正温度に維持できない問題があった。 However, if the heat exchanger for controlling the temperature of in-vehicle heat generating equipment includes a heat exchanger for controlling the battery temperature, the battery may be excessively cooled due to heat absorption from the battery. had the problem of not being able to maintain the battery at an appropriate temperature.
本発明は、このような事情に対処することを課題としている。すなわち、冷媒回路を熱源として、熱媒体回路を流れる熱媒体を介して車室内空気の温調を行う車両用空調装置において、廃熱回収暖房時にもバッテリ温度を適正に維持できるようにすること、が本発明の課題である。 The present invention aims to deal with such circumstances. That is, in a vehicle air conditioner that uses a refrigerant circuit as a heat source and controls the temperature of vehicle interior air via a heat medium flowing through a heat medium circuit, the battery temperature can be maintained appropriately even during waste heat recovery heating. This is the problem of the present invention.
このような課題を解決するために、本発明の一態様は、以下の構成を具備する。
すなわち、本発明の一態様に係る車両用空調装置は、冷媒回路と、前記冷媒回路の放熱で加熱された高温熱媒体を流す高温熱媒体流路と前記冷媒回路の吸熱で冷却された低温熱媒体を流す低温熱媒体流路を有する熱媒体回路と、前記熱媒体回路に設けられる空気熱媒体熱交換器を車室内に供給する空気流路に配置した空調ユニットを備える車両用空調装置であって、前記熱媒体回路は、少なくとも外気と熱媒体が熱交換する外部熱交換器を備えると共に車載発熱機器温調用熱交換器を備え、暖房運転時に、前記低温熱媒体流路に対して、前記外部熱交換器を流れる熱媒体の流路と前記車載発熱機器温調用熱交換器を流れる熱媒体の流路を繋ぐ流路切替手段を備え、前記車載発熱機器温調用熱交換器は、バッテリ温調用熱交換器を含み、前記バッテリ温調用熱交換器は、他の車載発熱機器温調用熱交換器の下流側に配置される。
In order to solve such problems, one embodiment of the present invention includes the following configuration.
That is, a vehicle air conditioner according to one aspect of the present invention includes a refrigerant circuit, a high-temperature heat medium flow path through which a high-temperature heat medium heated by heat radiation of the refrigerant circuit flows, and a low-temperature heat medium cooled by heat absorption of the refrigerant circuit. A vehicle air conditioner comprising: a heat medium circuit having a low-temperature heat medium flow path through which a medium flows; and an air conditioning unit in which an air heat medium heat exchanger provided in the heat medium circuit is arranged in an air flow path that supplies the interior of the vehicle. The heat medium circuit includes at least an external heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the outside air and the heat medium, and also includes a heat exchanger for controlling the temperature of a vehicle-mounted heat generating device, and during heating operation, the heat medium circuit A flow path switching means is provided for connecting a flow path of a heat medium flowing through an external heat exchanger and a flow path of a heat medium flowing through the heat exchanger for temperature control of an on-vehicle heat generating device, and the heat exchanger for controlling a temperature of a heat generating device mounted on a vehicle is configured to control a temperature of a battery. The heat exchanger for controlling battery temperature is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger for controlling temperature of other vehicle-mounted heat generating equipment.
このような特徴を備えた本発明の車両用空調装置によると、冷媒回路を熱源として、熱媒体回路を流れる熱媒体を介して車室内空気の温調を行う車両用空調装置において、廃熱回収暖房時にもバッテリ温度を適正に維持することができる。 According to the vehicle air conditioner of the present invention having such features, the vehicle air conditioner uses a refrigerant circuit as a heat source and controls the temperature of vehicle interior air via a heat medium flowing through a heat medium circuit. The battery temperature can be maintained appropriately even during heating.
以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明する。以下の説明で、異なる図における同一符号は同一機能の部位を示しており、各図における重複説明は適宜省略する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals in different figures indicate parts with the same function, and redundant explanation in each figure will be omitted as appropriate.
図１に示すように、本発明の実施形態に係る車両用空調装置１は、熱源となる冷媒回路Ｒと、冷媒との熱交換によって温度管理された熱媒体を循環させる熱媒体回路１０と、熱媒体回路１０を循環する熱媒体と熱交換することにより温度調節された空気を車室内に供給する空調ユニット８０及び個別空調ユニット９０と、を備えている。 As shown in FIG. 1, a vehicle air conditioner 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a refrigerant circuit R serving as a heat source, a heat medium circuit 10 that circulates a heat medium whose temperature is controlled by heat exchange with the refrigerant. It includes an air conditioning unit 80 and an individual air conditioning unit 90 that supply temperature-controlled air into the vehicle interior by exchanging heat with the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit 10.
図１に示す例では、冷媒回路Ｒは、圧縮機１１、凝縮器１２、膨張弁１３、蒸発器１４及びアキュームレータ１５が順次冷媒配管で接続されて構成され、冷媒を循環させる閉回路である。この他、冷媒回路Ｒは、例えば、凝縮器１２の下流にレシーバを備えるような回路であってもよい。 In the example shown in FIG. 1, the refrigerant circuit R is a closed circuit in which a compressor 11, a condenser 12, an expansion valve 13, an evaporator 14, and an accumulator 15 are sequentially connected through refrigerant piping, and circulates refrigerant. In addition, the refrigerant circuit R may be a circuit including a receiver downstream of the condenser 12, for example.
熱媒体回路１０は、高温熱媒体流路２０、低温熱媒体流路３０、蓄熱流路４０、室外流路５０、空調流路７０、タンク５５、流路切替部としての第１流路切替部Ｖ１、第２流路切替部Ｖ２及び第３流路切替部Ｖ３を含んで構成されている。 The heat medium circuit 10 includes a high temperature heat medium flow path 20, a low temperature heat medium flow path 30, a heat storage flow path 40, an outdoor flow path 50, an air conditioning flow path 70, a tank 55, and a first flow path switching section as a flow path switching section. V1, a second flow path switching section V2, and a third flow path switching section V3.
高温熱媒体流路２０は、冷媒回路Ｒにおける凝縮器１２と一体になって、熱媒体－冷媒の熱交換を行う高温熱交換器２１（加熱部）を備えており、第１ポンプＰ１によって圧送された熱媒体が、高温熱交換器２１を通過する間に冷媒回路Ｒにおける凝縮器１２での冷媒の放熱で高温になって循環する。 The high-temperature heat medium flow path 20 includes a high-temperature heat exchanger 21 (heating section) that is integrated with the condenser 12 in the refrigerant circuit R and performs heat exchange between the heat medium and the refrigerant. While passing through the high-temperature heat exchanger 21, the heat medium becomes hot due to heat radiation of the refrigerant in the condenser 12 in the refrigerant circuit R and circulates.
低温熱媒体流路３０は、冷媒回路Ｒにおける蒸発器１４と一体になって、熱媒体－冷媒の熱交換を行う低温熱交換器３１（冷却部）を備えており、第２ポンプＰ２によって圧送された熱媒体が、低温熱交換器３１を通過する間に冷媒回路Ｒにおける蒸発器１４での冷媒の吸熱で低温になって循環する。 The low-temperature heat medium flow path 30 includes a low-temperature heat exchanger 31 (cooling section) that is integrated with the evaporator 14 in the refrigerant circuit R and performs heat exchange between the heat medium and the refrigerant. While passing through the low-temperature heat exchanger 31, the heat medium cools down to a low temperature due to heat absorption by the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 in the refrigerant circuit R, and circulates.
蓄熱流路４０は、熱媒体と熱交換を行うと共に熱媒体の熱を蓄熱する複数の蓄熱部を含んでいる。蓄熱流路４０に設けられる蓄熱部として、電動車両におけるバッテリの温調を行うバッテリ用熱交換器４１、走行用モータの温調を行うモータ用熱交換器４２、インバータの温調を行うインバータ用熱交換器４３、及び、パワーコントロールユニットの温調を行うＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４等の駆動に伴って発熱を生じる車載機器に設けられる熱交換器を適用することができる。これにより、蓄熱した熱媒体の熱や、各車載機器から生じる熱を空調に利用することができる。蓄熱流路４０において熱媒体は第３ポンプＰ３によって圧送され、バッテリ用熱交換器４１、モータ用熱交換器４２、インバータ用熱交換器４３、及び、ＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４を通過する。 The heat storage channel 40 includes a plurality of heat storage sections that exchange heat with the heat medium and store heat of the heat medium. The heat storage sections provided in the heat storage flow path 40 include a battery heat exchanger 41 that controls the temperature of the battery in an electric vehicle, a motor heat exchanger 42 that controls the temperature of the driving motor, and an inverter heat exchanger 42 that controls the temperature of the inverter. The heat exchanger 43 and the heat exchanger 44 for a PCU that controls the temperature of the power control unit can be applied to heat exchangers installed in in-vehicle equipment that generate heat when driven. Thereby, the heat of the stored heat medium and the heat generated from each vehicle-mounted device can be used for air conditioning. In the heat storage channel 40, the heat medium is pumped by the third pump P3 and passes through a battery heat exchanger 41, a motor heat exchanger 42, an inverter heat exchanger 43, and a PCU heat exchanger 44.
蓄熱流路４０では、バッテリ用熱交換器４１を含む第１蓄熱流路４０１と、モータ用熱交換器４２、インバータ用熱交換器４３及びＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４を含む第２蓄熱流路４０２とが、第２流路切替部Ｖ２を介して接続されている。また、第１蓄熱流路４０１及び第２蓄熱流路４０２は、第２流路切替部Ｖ２を制御することで、互いに独立した流路又は接続した流路とすることができる。 The heat storage flow path 40 includes a first heat storage flow path 401 including a battery heat exchanger 41, and a second heat storage flow path 402 including a motor heat exchanger 42, an inverter heat exchanger 43, and a PCU heat exchanger 44. are connected via the second flow path switching section V2. Moreover, the first heat storage flow path 401 and the second heat storage flow path 402 can be made into mutually independent flow paths or connected flow paths by controlling the second flow path switching unit V2.
室外流路５０は、外気との熱交換を行う室外熱交換器４５を含んでいる。
空調流路７０は、空調ユニット８０に配備され熱媒体と車室内に送風される空気との熱交換を行う第１熱交換器８１及び第２熱交換器８２と、個別空調ユニット９０に配備され熱媒体と各シート毎に送風される空気との熱交換を行う第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２とを含んでいる。
The outdoor flow path 50 includes an outdoor heat exchanger 45 that exchanges heat with outside air.
The air conditioning flow path 70 includes a first heat exchanger 81 and a second heat exchanger 82 that are arranged in the air conditioning unit 80 and perform heat exchange between the heat medium and the air blown into the vehicle interior, and an individual air conditioning unit 90. It includes a first individual heat exchanger 91 and a second individual heat exchanger 92 that exchange heat between the heat medium and the air blown for each sheet.
このように、車両用空調装置１において、熱媒体回路１０の各流路、すなわち、高温熱媒体流路２０、低温熱媒体流路３０、蓄熱流路４０、室外流路５０及び空調流路７０が、流路切替部としての第１流路切替部Ｖ１、第２流路切替部Ｖ２及び第３流路切替部Ｖ３を介して接続されている。これらの第１流路切替部Ｖ１、第２流路切替部Ｖ２及び第３流路切替部Ｖ３を後述する制御部１００により制御することで、各流路の接続状態を切り替えて、互いに独立した流路又は一部が接続した流路とすることができる。 In this way, in the vehicle air conditioner 1, each flow path of the heat medium circuit 10, that is, the high temperature heat medium flow path 20, the low temperature heat medium flow path 30, the heat storage flow path 40, the outdoor flow path 50, and the air conditioning flow path 70. are connected via a first flow path switching section V1, a second flow path switching section V2, and a third flow path switching section V3 as flow path switching sections. By controlling these first flow path switching section V1, second flow path switching section V2, and third flow path switching section V3 by a control section 100 described later, the connection state of each flow path is switched, and mutually independent It can be a channel or a partially connected channel.
タンク５５は、流入口５２を介して第１流路切替部Ｖ１と第３流路切替部Ｖ３との間に、流入口５４を介して第３流路切替部Ｖ３とモータ用熱交換器４２との間に、流出口５３を介して第２流路切替部Ｖ２と第２ポンプＰ２との間にそれぞれ接続されている。
第１流路切替部Ｖ１と第３流路切替部Ｖ３との間には、流入口５２に接続される接続部２８が設けられている。第３流路切替部Ｖ３とモータ用熱交換器４２との間には、流入口５４に接続される接続部４８が設けられている。第２流路切替部Ｖ２と第２ポンプＰ２との間には、流出口５３に接続される接続部３８が設けられている。
The tank 55 is connected between the first channel switching section V1 and the third channel switching section V3 via the inlet 52, and between the third channel switching section V3 and the motor heat exchanger 42 via the inlet 54. and is connected between the second flow path switching section V2 and the second pump P2 via the outlet 53.
A connecting portion 28 connected to the inlet 52 is provided between the first flow path switching portion V1 and the third flow path switching portion V3. A connecting portion 48 connected to the inlet 54 is provided between the third flow path switching portion V3 and the motor heat exchanger 42. A connecting portion 38 connected to the outlet 53 is provided between the second flow path switching portion V2 and the second pump P2.
また、接続部２８からタンク５５の流入口５２に至る経路において、流入口５２の近傍にリリーフ弁５７が設けられている。同様に、接続部４８からタンク５５の流入口５４に至る経路において、流入口５４の近傍にリリーフ弁５８が設けられている。 Further, a relief valve 57 is provided near the inlet 52 on the path from the connection portion 28 to the inlet 52 of the tank 55 . Similarly, a relief valve 58 is provided near the inlet 54 on the path from the connection portion 48 to the inlet 54 of the tank 55 .
これにより、高温熱媒体が循環する流路において、高温熱媒体の温度の上昇により熱媒体が膨張し、高温熱媒体が循環する流路の回路容量に対して熱媒体量が大きくなった場合に、リリーフ弁５７又はリリーフ弁５８が開状態となり、高温熱媒体が循環する流路から熱媒体が流入口５２又は流入口５４を介してタンク５５に流入する。 As a result, in the flow path where the high-temperature heat medium circulates, when the heat medium expands due to a rise in the temperature of the high-temperature heat medium, and the amount of heat medium becomes larger than the circuit capacity of the flow path through which the high-temperature heat medium circulates. , the relief valve 57 or the relief valve 58 is opened, and the heat medium flows into the tank 55 through the inlet 52 or the inlet 54 from the flow path through which the high-temperature heat medium circulates.
一方、低温熱媒体が循環する流路において、低温熱媒体の温度が低下して熱媒体が収縮すると、低温熱媒体が循環する流路の回路容量に対して熱媒体の容量が小さくなるので、タンク５５に貯留した熱媒体が流出口５３から流出し、接続部３８を介して低温熱媒体が循環する流路に流入する。 On the other hand, when the temperature of the low-temperature heat medium decreases and the heat medium contracts in the flow path through which the low-temperature heat medium circulates, the capacity of the heat medium becomes smaller than the circuit capacity of the flow path through which the low-temperature heat medium circulates. The heat medium stored in the tank 55 flows out from the outlet 53 and flows into the flow path through which the low-temperature heat medium circulates via the connection part 38.
なお、熱媒体回路１０を循環する熱媒体としては、添加剤が入っていない水或いは不凍性剤や防腐剤等の添加剤が混合された水、更には油等の液熱媒体などを採用することができる。 In addition, as the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit 10, water without additives, water mixed with additives such as antifreeze agents and preservatives, or liquid heat medium such as oil may be used. can do.
空調ユニット８０は、空気（外気又は内気）を空調ユニット８０に吸い込む吸込口８３と、吸込口８３から吸い込まれた空気を空気流通路８４に送風する送風機８７と、空気流通路８４内に設けられ熱媒体回路１０を循環する熱媒体が流れる第１熱交換器８１及び第２熱交換器８２と、第１熱交換器８１を通過した後の空気流通路８４内の空気を第２熱交換器８２に通風させる割合を調整するエアミックスダンパ８９を備えている。 The air conditioning unit 80 includes a suction port 83 that sucks air (outside air or inside air) into the air conditioning unit 80, a blower 87 that blows the air sucked from the suction port 83 into the air flow passage 84, and a blower 87 that is provided within the air flow passage 84. A first heat exchanger 81 and a second heat exchanger 82 through which the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit 10 flows, and air in the air flow passage 84 after passing through the first heat exchanger 81 is transferred to the second heat exchanger An air mix damper 89 is provided to adjust the ratio of ventilation to the air filter 82.
空調ユニット８０では、吸込口８３から空気流通路８４に導入された空気を第１熱交換器８１のみ、又は、第１熱交換器８１及び第２熱交換器８２の双方に通風させ、第１熱交換器８１及び第２熱交換器８２において熱媒体と熱交換することで温調された空気を車室内に送風する。 In the air conditioning unit 80, the air introduced into the air flow path 84 from the suction port 83 is ventilated through only the first heat exchanger 81 or both the first heat exchanger 81 and the second heat exchanger 82, and Air whose temperature is controlled by exchanging heat with the heat medium in the heat exchanger 81 and the second heat exchanger 82 is blown into the vehicle interior.
個別空調ユニット９０は、熱媒体回路１０を循環する熱媒体が流れる第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２と、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２への熱媒体の流入を制御すると共に流量調整が可能な三方弁９５（流量調整部）と、を備え、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２の何れか一方又は双方を通過する空気を車室内に送風する。 The individual air conditioning unit 90 has a first individual heat exchanger 91 and a second individual heat exchanger 92 through which the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit 10 flows, and a first individual heat exchanger 91 and a second individual heat exchanger 92. A three-way valve 95 (flow rate adjustment section) that can control the inflow of the heat medium and adjust the flow rate, and passes through either or both of the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92. This air is blown into the vehicle interior.
第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２は、それぞれ別個独立の吸込口から導入され、送風機によって送風された空気が流通する空気流通路に設けられている。 The first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92 are introduced from separate and independent suction ports, and are provided in air flow passages through which air blown by the blower flows.
このように、車両用空調装置１において、熱媒体回路１０の各流路、すなわち、高温熱媒体流路２０、低温熱媒体流路３０、蓄熱流路４０、室外流路５０及び空調流路７０が、流路切替部としての第１流路切替部Ｖ１、第２流路切替部Ｖ２及び第３流路切替部Ｖ３を介して接続されている。これらの第１流路切替部Ｖ１、第２流路切替部Ｖ２及び第３流路切替部Ｖ３を後述する制御部１００により制御することで、各流路の接続状態を切り替えて、互いに独立した流路又は一部が接続した流路とすることができる。 In this way, in the vehicle air conditioner 1, each flow path of the heat medium circuit 10, that is, the high temperature heat medium flow path 20, the low temperature heat medium flow path 30, the heat storage flow path 40, the outdoor flow path 50, and the air conditioning flow path 70. are connected via a first flow path switching section V1, a second flow path switching section V2, and a third flow path switching section V3 as flow path switching sections. By controlling these first flow path switching section V1, second flow path switching section V2, and third flow path switching section V3 by a control section 100 described later, the connection state of each flow path can be switched, and the connection state of each flow path can be switched and It can be a channel or a partially connected channel.
つまり、熱媒体回路１０の高温熱媒体流路２０及び低温熱媒体流路３０が、空調目的や目標空調温度に応じて蓄熱流路４０、室外流路５０及び空調流路７０のいずれかに接続され、接続された流路に熱媒体が流れるように、制御部１００により第１流路切替部Ｖ１、第２流路切替部Ｖ２、第３流路切替部Ｖ３及び三方弁８５，９５の制御が行われる。 That is, the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 of the heat medium circuit 10 are connected to any of the heat storage flow path 40, the outdoor flow path 50, and the air conditioning flow path 70 depending on the air conditioning purpose and target air conditioning temperature. The control section 100 controls the first flow path switching section V1, the second flow path switching section V2, the third flow path switching section V3, and the three-way valves 85 and 95 so that the heating medium flows through the connected flow paths. will be held.
これにより、高温熱媒体流路２０又は低温熱媒体流路３０の一方又は両方において温調された熱媒体が、第１流路切替部Ｖ１、第２流路切替部Ｖ２、第３流路切替部Ｖ３及び三方弁８５，９５を経由して第１熱交換器８１、第２熱交換器８２、第１個別熱交換器９１又は第２個別熱交換器９２のうち接続された熱交換器に流入し、車室内の空調が行われる。 Thereby, the heat medium whose temperature has been adjusted in one or both of the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 is transferred to the first flow path switching section V1, the second flow path switching section V2, and the third flow path switching section V1. The heat exchanger connected to the first heat exchanger 81, the second heat exchanger 82, the first individual heat exchanger 91 or the second individual heat exchanger 92 via the section V3 and the three-way valves 85 and 95 Air flows into the vehicle and air-conditions the vehicle interior.
図２に、車両用空調装置１の制御を司る制御部１００の概略構成を示す。なお、図２において、本実施形態に係る車両用空調装置１による動作に直接関係しない構成については図示及び説明を適宜省略している。 FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of a control section 100 that controls the vehicle air conditioner 1. As shown in FIG. Note that in FIG. 2, illustrations and descriptions of configurations that are not directly related to the operation of the vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment are omitted as appropriate.
制御部１００は、走行用モータ、インバータ、パワーコントロールユニットの駆動制御やバッテリの充放電制御を含む車両全般の制御を司る車両コントローラ（ＥＣＵ）２００に車両通信バスを介して接続され、情報の送受信を行う。制御部１００及び車両コントローラ２００には何れもプロセッサを備えたコンピュータの一例としてのマイクロコンピュータを適用することができる。 The control unit 100 is connected via a vehicle communication bus to a vehicle controller (ECU) 200 that controls the entire vehicle, including drive control of the driving motor, inverter, and power control unit, and charge/discharge control of the battery, and transmits and receives information. I do. A microcomputer as an example of a computer including a processor can be applied to both the control unit 100 and the vehicle controller 200.
制御部１００には、次の各センサや機器が接続され、これらの各センサ等の出力が入力される。すなわち、制御部１００には、高温熱交換器２１に流入して凝縮器１２によって加熱された熱媒体の温度を検出する温度センサＴＣ２１、低温熱交換器３１に流入して蒸発器１４によって冷却された熱媒体の温度を検出する温度センサＴＣ３１、空調ユニット８０の第１熱交換器８１及び第２熱交換器８２に流入する熱媒体の温度を検出する温度センサＴＣ８０、個別空調ユニット９０の第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２に流入する熱媒体の温度を検出する温度センサＴＣ９０、バッテリの温度を検出するバッテリ温度センサＴＣ４１（バッテリ自体の温度、バッテリ用熱交換器４１に流入又は流出する熱媒体の温度のうち、いずれかの温度）、モータの温度を検出するモータ温度センサＴＣ４２（モータ自体の温度、モータ用熱交換器４２に流入又は流出する熱媒体の温度のうち、いずれかの温度）、インバータの温度を検出するインバータ温度センサＴＣ４３（インバータ自体の温度、インバータ用熱交換器４３に流入又は流出する熱媒体の温度のうち、いずれかの温度）、及び、パワーコントロールユニットの温度を検出するＰＣＵ温度センサＴＣ４４（ＰＣＵ自体の温度、ＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４に流入又は流出する熱媒体の温度のうち、いずれかの温度）、が接続されている。 The following sensors and devices are connected to the control unit 100, and the outputs of these sensors and the like are input. That is, the control unit 100 includes a temperature sensor TC21 that detects the temperature of the heat medium that flows into the high-temperature heat exchanger 21 and is heated by the condenser 12; temperature sensor TC31 that detects the temperature of the heat medium flowing into the first heat exchanger 81 and second heat exchanger 82 of the air conditioning unit 80; A temperature sensor TC90 detects the temperature of the heat medium flowing into the individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92, and a battery temperature sensor TC41 detects the temperature of the battery (temperature of the battery itself, temperature of the battery heat exchanger 41). The motor temperature sensor TC42 detects the temperature of the motor (temperature of the motor itself, temperature of the heat medium flowing into or out of the motor heat exchanger 42). , any one of the temperatures), an inverter temperature sensor TC43 that detects the temperature of the inverter (the temperature of the inverter itself, the temperature of the heat medium flowing into or out of the inverter heat exchanger 43), and the power A PCU temperature sensor TC44 (either the temperature of the PCU itself or the temperature of the heat medium flowing into or out of the PCU heat exchanger 44) is connected to detect the temperature of the control unit.
一方、制御部１００の出力には、膨張弁１３，第１ポンプＰ１、第２ポンプＰ２、第３ポンプＰ３、第１流路切替部Ｖ１、第２流路切替部Ｖ２、第３流路切替部Ｖ３、三方弁８５，９５、送風機８７及びエアミックスダンパ８９が接続されている。そして、制御部１００は各センサの出力と空調操作部３００にて入力された設定、車両コントローラ２００からの情報に基づいてこれらを制御する。 On the other hand, the output of the control unit 100 includes the expansion valve 13, the first pump P1, the second pump P2, the third pump P3, the first flow path switching section V1, the second flow path switching section V2, and the third flow path switching section V1. section V3, three-way valves 85, 95, blower 87, and air mix damper 89 are connected. The control unit 100 controls these based on the output of each sensor, the settings input at the air conditioning operation unit 300, and information from the vehicle controller 200.
以下、このように構成された車両用空調装置１による動作について説明する。本実施形態に係る車両用空調装置１では、例えば、空調ユニット８０又は個別空調ユニット９０を用いた暖房モード、冷房モード及び除湿モード、車載機器の冷却又は暖機を含む温調モードなどの様々な動作モードを実行することができる。 The operation of the vehicle air conditioner 1 configured as described above will be described below. The vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment can operate in various modes, such as a heating mode, a cooling mode, and a dehumidification mode using the air conditioning unit 80 or the individual air conditioning unit 90, and a temperature control mode including cooling or warming up of in-vehicle equipment. Operation mode can be executed.
上記した各種動作モードの実行時において、車両用空調装置１の冷媒回路Ｒでは、制御部１００により圧縮機１１の回転数等を適宜制御しながら、凝縮器１２の放熱と蒸発器１４の吸熱を利用して車室内に供給される空気を目標温度又は湿度に調整し、車室内の空調を行う。冷媒回路Ｒにおいて、冷媒は、次のように循環する。 When executing the various operation modes described above, the refrigerant circuit R of the vehicle air conditioner 1 controls the heat radiation of the condenser 12 and the heat absorption of the evaporator 14 while appropriately controlling the rotation speed of the compressor 11 by the control unit 100. The air conditioner is used to adjust the air supplied to the vehicle interior to a target temperature or humidity and air condition the vehicle interior. In the refrigerant circuit R, the refrigerant circulates as follows.
すなわち、圧縮機１１から吐出された高圧のガス冷媒は、凝縮器１２において高温熱交換器２１を通過する熱媒体と熱交換することにより放熱して液化凝縮し、高圧の液冷媒となる。凝縮器１２から流出した高圧液冷媒は、膨張弁１３によって減圧されて膨張し、低圧冷媒となり、蒸発器１４に流入する。蒸発器１４に流入した低圧冷媒は、蒸発器１４において低温熱交換器３１を通過する熱媒体と熱交換することにより蒸発し、ガス冷媒となって蒸発器１４を流出し、アキュームレータ１５を介して圧縮機１１へ戻る。 That is, the high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 exchanges heat with the heat medium passing through the high-temperature heat exchanger 21 in the condenser 12, thereby releasing heat and liquefying and condensing, becoming a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 12 is depressurized and expanded by the expansion valve 13, becomes a low-pressure refrigerant, and flows into the evaporator 14. The low-pressure refrigerant that has flowed into the evaporator 14 is evaporated by exchanging heat with the heat medium passing through the low-temperature heat exchanger 31 in the evaporator 14, becomes a gas refrigerant, flows out of the evaporator 14, and is passed through the accumulator 15. Return to compressor 11.
本実施形態にかかる車両用空調装置では、車室内を暖房する場合において、熱媒体回路１０における各流路の接続状態が互いに異なる複数種類の暖房モードをそれぞれ実行可能となっている。これらの複数の暖房モードは、車両用空調装置の動作状況、車両の走行状況に応じ、制御部１００によって、第１流路切替部Ｖ１、第２流路切替部Ｖ２、第３流路切替部Ｖ３、及び三方弁８５，９５を制御することで、熱媒体回路１０の各流路の接続状態を切り替えて実行される。 In the vehicle air conditioner according to the present embodiment, when heating the vehicle interior, it is possible to execute a plurality of heating modes in which the connection state of each flow path in the heat medium circuit 10 is different from each other. These plurality of heating modes are controlled by the control unit 100 according to the operating status of the vehicle air conditioner and the running status of the vehicle. By controlling V3 and the three-way valves 85 and 95, the connection state of each flow path of the heat medium circuit 10 is switched and executed.
以下、複数の暖房モードのうち、第１モード及び第２モードについてそれぞれ図３及び図４を用いて説明する。各図において、高温の熱媒体が循環する配管を黒色の実線で示し、低温の熱媒体が循環する配管を一点鎖線で示し、高温と低温との間の中温の熱媒体が循環する配管を灰色の実線で示している。 Hereinafter, among the plurality of heating modes, the first mode and the second mode will be explained using FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively. In each figure, piping in which a high-temperature heat medium circulates is shown as a solid black line, piping in which a low-temperature heat medium circulates is shown in a dashed line, and piping in which a medium-temperature heat medium circulates between high and low temperatures is shown in gray. It is shown by the solid line.
（１）第１モード
第１モードは、高温熱交換器２１において加熱された熱媒体を高温熱媒体流路２０と空調流路７０との間で循環させて第１熱交換器８１及び第２熱交換器８２によって車室内の暖房を行うと共に、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２によってシート毎の暖房を行う。
この際に、低温熱媒体流路３０において冷却された低温熱媒体を、バッテリ用熱交換器４１、モータ用熱交換器４２、インバータ用熱交換器４３、ＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４、及び、室外熱交換器４５に循環させて、これらを吸熱源とする。
(1) First mode In the first mode, the heat medium heated in the high-temperature heat exchanger 21 is circulated between the high-temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the air conditioning flow path 70. The heat exchanger 82 heats the interior of the vehicle, and the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92 heat each seat.
At this time, the low temperature heat medium cooled in the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 is transferred to the battery heat exchanger 41, the motor heat exchanger 42, the inverter heat exchanger 43, the PCU heat exchanger 44, and the outdoor heat exchanger 41. These are circulated through the heat exchanger 45 and used as a heat absorption source.
第１モードにおいて、制御部１００は、高温熱媒体流路２０を流れる高温熱媒体を、空調流路７０の第１熱交換器８１、第２熱交換器８２、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２に流れるように、第１流路切替部Ｖ１及び三方弁８５，９５を制御する。 In the first mode, the control unit 100 controls the high temperature heat medium flowing through the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 to the first heat exchanger 81, the second heat exchanger 82, the first individual heat exchanger 91 and The first flow path switching unit V1 and the three-way valves 85 and 95 are controlled so that the heat flows to the second individual heat exchanger 92.
また、制御部１００は、低温熱媒体流路３０を流れる低温熱媒体を蓄熱流路４０のバッテリ用熱交換器４１、モータ用熱交換器４２、インバータ用熱交換器４３、及び、ＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４に、室外流路５０の室外熱交換器４５に流れるように第２流路切替部Ｖ２を制御する。 Further, the control unit 100 transfers the low temperature heat medium flowing through the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 to the battery heat exchanger 41, the motor heat exchanger 42, the inverter heat exchanger 43, and the PCU heat exchanger 41 of the heat storage flow path 40. The second flow path switching unit V2 is controlled so that the heat flows through the exchanger 44 to the outdoor heat exchanger 45 of the outdoor flow path 50.
図３に第１モードにおける熱媒体の流れを示す。
図３に示すように、第１モードの実行時において、熱媒体は以下のように循環する。
高温熱媒体流路２０の高温熱交換器２１において凝縮器１２を通過する冷媒と熱交換して加熱された熱媒体は、第１流路切替部Ｖ１を経由して三方弁８５に流入する。三方弁８５に流入した熱媒体は、一部が第２熱交換器８２に流れ、残りが三方弁９５に向かって流れる。
FIG. 3 shows the flow of the heat medium in the first mode.
As shown in FIG. 3, when the first mode is executed, the heat medium circulates as follows.
The heat medium heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant passing through the condenser 12 in the high temperature heat exchanger 21 of the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 flows into the three-way valve 85 via the first flow path switching section V1. A portion of the heat medium that has flowed into the three-way valve 85 flows into the second heat exchanger 82 , and the remainder flows toward the three-way valve 95 .
第２熱交換器８２に流入した熱媒体は、空気流通路８４を通過する空気と熱交換した後に、合流部７２に流れる。三方弁９５に流入した熱媒体は、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２に流れるように分流され、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２において空気流通路（不図示）を通過する空気とそれぞれ熱交換し、合流部７１において合流した後に、合流部７２に流れる。 The heat medium flowing into the second heat exchanger 82 exchanges heat with the air passing through the air flow passage 84 and then flows into the merging section 72 . The heat medium that has flowed into the three-way valve 95 is divided so that it flows to the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92, and air circulation is established in the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92. The air exchanges heat with the air passing through the channels (not shown), and after merging at the merging section 71, flows to the merging section 72.
合流部７２において合流した熱媒体は、第１流路切替部Ｖ１を経由して、第１熱交換器８１に流れ、第１熱交換器８１において空気流通路８４を通過する空気と熱交換した後に、第１流路切替部Ｖ１及び第３流路切替部Ｖ３を経由して高温熱媒体流路２０に戻り、第１ポンプＰ１により高温熱交換器２１に圧送される循環を繰り返す。 The heat medium that merged in the merging section 72 flowed to the first heat exchanger 81 via the first flow path switching section V1, and exchanged heat with the air passing through the air flow path 84 in the first heat exchanger 81. Later, it returns to the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 via the first flow path switching section V1 and the third flow path switching section V3, and repeats the circulation of being pumped to the high temperature heat exchanger 21 by the first pump P1.
一方、低温熱媒体流路３０の低温熱交換器３１において蒸発器１４を通過する冷媒と熱交換して冷却された熱媒体は、第１流路切替部Ｖ１及び第２流路切替部Ｖ２を経由して室外流路５０に流れ、室外熱交換器４５において外気と熱交換した後に、第２流路切替部Ｖ２を経由して第２蓄熱流路４０２に流入する。第２蓄熱流路４０２に流入した熱媒体は、ＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４、インバータ用熱交換器４３、及びモータ用熱交換器４２の順に流れ、第３流路切替部Ｖ３及び第２流路切替部Ｖ２を経由して第３ポンプＰ３によりバッテリ用熱交換器４１に圧送される。バッテリ用熱交換器４１を出た熱媒体は、第２流路切替部Ｖ２を経由して低温熱媒体流路３０に戻り、第２ポンプＰ２により低温熱交換器３１に圧送される循環を繰り返す。 On the other hand, the heat medium that has been cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant passing through the evaporator 14 in the low temperature heat exchanger 31 of the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 passes through the first flow path switching section V1 and the second flow path switching section V2. After flowing into the outdoor flow path 50 via the outdoor heat exchanger 45 and exchanging heat with outside air, it flows into the second heat storage flow path 402 via the second flow path switching section V2. The heat medium that has flowed into the second heat storage flow path 402 flows through the PCU heat exchanger 44, the inverter heat exchanger 43, and the motor heat exchanger 42 in this order, and then flows through the third flow path switching section V3 and the second flow path. The heat exchanger 41 is pressurized by the third pump P3 via the switching unit V2. The heat medium that has exited the battery heat exchanger 41 returns to the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 via the second flow path switching section V2, and repeats the circulation of being pumped to the low temperature heat exchanger 31 by the second pump P2. .
熱媒体をこのように循環させることで、車両用空調装置１において、バッテリ用熱交換器４１、モータ用熱交換器４２、インバータ用熱交換器４３、ＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４及び室外熱交換器４５を吸熱源として、第１熱交換器８１、第２熱交換器８２、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２によって車室内に供給される空気を加熱して暖房に用いることができる。 By circulating the heat medium in this way, in the vehicle air conditioner 1, the battery heat exchanger 41, the motor heat exchanger 42, the inverter heat exchanger 43, the PCU heat exchanger 44, and the outdoor heat exchanger 45 as a heat absorption source, the air supplied into the vehicle interior is heated by the first heat exchanger 81, the second heat exchanger 82, the first individual heat exchanger 91, and the second individual heat exchanger 92 and used for heating. be able to.
第１モードは、主に、室外熱交換器４５による外気からの吸熱のみでは吸熱量が不足してしまう場合に、車載機器の廃熱を回収して、これを吸熱源として暖房運転を行う動作モードである。このように吸熱源を補うことで、暖房効率を向上させることができる。 The first mode is an operation in which waste heat from onboard equipment is recovered and used as a heat absorption source for heating operation, mainly when the amount of heat absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger 45 alone from the outside air is insufficient. mode. By supplementing the heat absorption source in this way, heating efficiency can be improved.
このとき、特にバッテリ用熱交換器４１から吸熱することで、バッテリ用熱交換器４１を過度に冷却してしまう虞れがある。このため、第１モードでは、比較的廃熱量の大きいモータ用熱交換器４２の下流にバッテリ用熱交換器４１を配置することで、バッテリ用熱交換器４１に対する過度な冷却を抑制し、バッテリ温度を適正に維持する。これにより、バッテリの劣化を抑制することができる。 At this time, especially by absorbing heat from the battery heat exchanger 41, there is a possibility that the battery heat exchanger 41 may be excessively cooled. Therefore, in the first mode, by arranging the battery heat exchanger 41 downstream of the motor heat exchanger 42, which has a relatively large amount of waste heat, excessive cooling of the battery heat exchanger 41 is suppressed, and the battery Maintain proper temperature. Thereby, deterioration of the battery can be suppressed.
（２）第２モード
第２モードは、高温熱交換器２１において加熱された熱媒体を高温熱媒体流路２０と空調流路７０との間で循環させて第１熱交換器８１及び第２熱交換器８２によって車室内の暖房を行うと共に、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２によってシート毎の暖房を行う。
この際に、低温熱媒体流路３０において冷却された低温熱媒体を、室外熱交換器４５に循環させて、これを吸熱源とする。なお、車室内の暖房と並行して、蓄熱流路４０に熱媒体を循環させることで、モータ用熱交換器４２、インバータ用熱交換器４３、及び、ＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４の廃熱によってバッテリ用熱交換器４１を暖機する。
(2) Second mode In the second mode, the heat medium heated in the high-temperature heat exchanger 21 is circulated between the high-temperature heat medium flow path 20 and the air conditioning flow path 70 to The heat exchanger 82 heats the interior of the vehicle, and the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92 heat each seat.
At this time, the low-temperature heat medium cooled in the low-temperature heat medium flow path 30 is circulated to the outdoor heat exchanger 45 to serve as a heat absorption source. In addition, by circulating a heat medium through the heat storage flow path 40 in parallel with heating the vehicle interior, waste heat from the motor heat exchanger 42, inverter heat exchanger 43, and PCU heat exchanger 44 is used. The battery heat exchanger 41 is warmed up.
第２モードにおいて、制御部１００は、高温熱媒体流路２０を流れる高温熱媒体を、空調流路７０の第１熱交換器８１、第２熱交換器８２、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２に流れるように、第１流路切替部Ｖ１及び三方弁８５，９５を制御する。 In the second mode, the control unit 100 controls the high temperature heat medium flowing through the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 to the first heat exchanger 81, second heat exchanger 82, first individual heat exchanger 91, and The first flow path switching unit V1 and the three-way valves 85 and 95 are controlled so that the heat flows to the second individual heat exchanger 92.
また、制御部１００は、低温熱媒体流路３０を流れる低温熱媒体を室外流路５０の室外熱交換器４５に流れるように第２流路切替部Ｖ２を制御する。さらに、制御部１００は、蓄熱流路４０内で熱媒体を循環させるように第２流路切替部Ｖ２を制御する。 Further, the control unit 100 controls the second flow path switching unit V2 so that the low temperature heat medium flowing through the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 45 of the outdoor flow path 50. Furthermore, the control unit 100 controls the second flow path switching unit V2 to circulate the heat medium within the heat storage flow path 40.
図４に第２モードにおける熱媒体の流れを示す。
図４に示すように、第２モードの実行時において、熱媒体は以下のように循環する。
高温熱媒体流路２０の高温熱交換器２１において凝縮器１２を通過する冷媒と熱交換して加熱された熱媒体は、第１流路切替部Ｖ１を経由して三方弁８５に流入する。三方弁８５に流入した熱媒体は、一部が第２熱交換器８２に流れ、残りが三方弁９５に向かって流れる。
FIG. 4 shows the flow of the heat medium in the second mode.
As shown in FIG. 4, during execution of the second mode, the heat medium circulates as follows.
The heat medium heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant passing through the condenser 12 in the high temperature heat exchanger 21 of the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 flows into the three-way valve 85 via the first flow path switching section V1. A portion of the heat medium that has flowed into the three-way valve 85 flows into the second heat exchanger 82 , and the remainder flows toward the three-way valve 95 .
第２熱交換器８２に流入した熱媒体は、空気流通路８４を通過する空気と熱交換した後に、合流部７２に流れる。三方弁９５に流入した熱媒体は、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２に流れるように分流され、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２において空気流通路（不図示）を通過する空気とそれぞれ熱交換し、合流部７１において合流した後に、合流部７２に流れる。 The heat medium flowing into the second heat exchanger 82 exchanges heat with the air passing through the air flow passage 84 and then flows into the merging section 72 . The heat medium that has flowed into the three-way valve 95 is divided so that it flows to the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92, and air circulation is established in the first individual heat exchanger 91 and the second individual heat exchanger 92. The air exchanges heat with the air passing through the channels (not shown), and after merging at the merging section 71, flows to the merging section 72.
合流部７２において合流した熱媒体は、第１流路切替部Ｖ１を経由して、第１熱交換器８１に流れ、第１熱交換器８１において空気流通路８４を通過する空気と熱交換した後に、第１流路切替部Ｖ１及び第３流路切替部Ｖ３を経由して高温熱媒体流路２０に戻り、第１ポンプＰ１により高温熱交換器２１に圧送される循環を繰り返す。 The heat medium that merged in the merging section 72 flowed to the first heat exchanger 81 via the first flow path switching section V1, and exchanged heat with the air passing through the air flow path 84 in the first heat exchanger 81. Later, it returns to the high temperature heat medium flow path 20 via the first flow path switching section V1 and the third flow path switching section V3, and repeats the circulation of being pumped to the high temperature heat exchanger 21 by the first pump P1.
一方、低温熱媒体流路３０の低温熱交換器３１において蒸発器１４を通過する冷媒と熱交換して冷却された熱媒体は、第１流路切替部Ｖ１及び第２流路切替部Ｖ２を経由して室外流路５０に流入し、室外熱交換器４５において外気と熱交換をした後に、第２流路切替部Ｖ２を経由して低温熱媒体流路３０に戻り、第２ポンプＰ２により低温熱交換器３１に圧送される循環を繰り返す。 On the other hand, the heat medium that has been cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant passing through the evaporator 14 in the low temperature heat exchanger 31 of the low temperature heat medium flow path 30 passes through the first flow path switching section V1 and the second flow path switching section V2. After flowing into the outdoor flow path 50 via the outdoor heat exchanger 45 and exchanging heat with the outside air, it returns to the low-temperature heat medium flow path 30 via the second flow path switching section V2, and is heated by the second pump P2. The circulation of the fluid being pumped to the low-temperature heat exchanger 31 is repeated.
なお、蓄熱流路４０では、熱媒体が第３ポンプＰ３により圧送されてバッテリ用熱交換器４１を通過し、第２流路切替部Ｖ２を経由して、ＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４、インバータ用熱交換器４３及びモータ用熱交換器４２に順に流れ、第３流路切替部Ｖ３及び第２流路切替部Ｖ２を経由して再び第３ポンプＰ３に戻る循環を繰り返す。 In the heat storage flow path 40, the heat medium is pumped by the third pump P3, passes through the battery heat exchanger 41, and passes through the second flow path switching section V2 to the PCU heat exchanger 44 and the inverter heat exchanger 44. It sequentially flows into the heat exchanger 43 and the motor heat exchanger 42, and returns to the third pump P3 via the third flow path switching section V3 and the second flow path switching section V2, repeating the circulation.
このようにすることで、車両用空調装置１において、第１熱交換器８１、第２熱交換器８２、第１個別熱交換器９１及び第２個別熱交換器９２によって車室内に供給される空気を加熱して暖房を行うことができる。また、モータ用熱交換器４２、インバータ用熱交換器４３、及び、ＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４の廃熱によってバッテリ用熱交換器４１を暖機することができる。 By doing so, in the vehicle air conditioner 1, the first heat exchanger 81, the second heat exchanger 82, the first individual heat exchanger 91, and the second individual heat exchanger 92 supply the inside of the vehicle. Air can be heated to provide space. Moreover, the battery heat exchanger 41 can be warmed up by the waste heat of the motor heat exchanger 42, the inverter heat exchanger 43, and the PCU heat exchanger 44.
第２モードは、主に、車両用空調装置１の起動直後において、各車載機器、特にバッテリの温度が低温である場合に実行され、専ら、室外熱交換器４５における外気からの吸熱により暖房を行う。車両用空調装置１の起動から所定時間が経過し、モータやバッテリの温度がある程度上昇した場合であって、室外熱交換器４５による外気からの吸熱のみでは吸熱量が不足する場合に、第１モードに切り替えることで暖房効率を向上させることができる。 The second mode is mainly executed immediately after starting the vehicle air conditioner 1 when the temperature of each in-vehicle device, especially the battery, is low, and exclusively performs heating by absorbing heat from the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger 45. conduct. When a predetermined period of time has passed since the activation of the vehicle air conditioner 1 and the temperature of the motor and battery has risen to some extent, and when the amount of heat absorbed from the outside air by the outdoor heat exchanger 45 is insufficient, the first Heating efficiency can be improved by switching to this mode.
以上述べた如く、本実施形態にかかる車両用空調装置では、暖房モードについて、熱媒体の循環経路が互いに異なる複数のモードを備えていることから、車両用空調装置の動作状況、車両の走行状況に応じて、適宜切り替えながら暖房を行うことができる。 As described above, the vehicle air conditioner according to the present embodiment has a plurality of heating modes in which the circulation path of the heat medium differs from each other, so that the operating status of the vehicle air conditioner and the vehicle running condition are Heating can be performed while switching as appropriate.
例えば、車両用空調装置１の起動直後に第２モードを実行して室外熱交換器４５における外気からの吸熱により暖房を行い、所定時間経過後に、モータやバッテリの温度が上昇し、かつ、室外熱交換器４５による外気吸熱のみでは不十分な場合に第１モードに切り替えて、バッテリ用熱交換器４１、モータ用熱交換器４２、インバータ用熱交換器４３、及び、ＰＣＵ用熱交換器４４の廃熱を吸熱源として暖房を行う。 For example, immediately after starting the vehicle air conditioner 1, the second mode is executed to perform heating by absorbing heat from the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger 45, and after a predetermined period of time has passed, the temperature of the motor and battery increases, and When the outside air heat absorption by the heat exchanger 45 is insufficient, the first mode is switched to the battery heat exchanger 41, the motor heat exchanger 42, the inverter heat exchanger 43, and the PCU heat exchanger 44. Heating is performed using the waste heat of the room as a heat absorption source.
第１モードでは、バッテリに対する過度な冷却を抑制するために、モータ用熱交換器４２の下流にバッテリ用熱交換器４１を配置しているが、そのような場合においてもバッテリが過度に冷却される場合には、再び第２モードに切り替えて暖房を行う。 In the first mode, the battery heat exchanger 41 is placed downstream of the motor heat exchanger 42 in order to suppress excessive cooling of the battery, but even in such a case, the battery is not excessively cooled. If so, switch to the second mode again and perform heating.
したがって、本実施形態にかかる車両用空調装置によれば、冷媒回路を熱源として、熱媒体回路を流れる熱媒体を介して車室内空気の温調を行う車両用空調装置において、廃熱回収暖房時にもバッテリ温度を適正に維持できるようにすることができる。 Therefore, according to the vehicle air conditioner according to the present embodiment, in a vehicle air conditioner that uses a refrigerant circuit as a heat source and controls the temperature of vehicle interior air via a heat medium flowing through a heat medium circuit, during waste heat recovery heating. It is also possible to maintain the battery temperature appropriately.
以上、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳述してきたが、具体的な構成はこれらの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計の変更等があっても本発明に含まれる。また、上述の各実施の形態は、その目的及び構成等に特に矛盾や問題がない限り、互いの技術を流用して組み合わせることが可能である。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the design may be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. Even if there is, it is included in the present invention. Moreover, the above-described embodiments can be combined by using each other's technologies unless there is a particular contradiction or problem in the purpose, structure, etc.
１：車両用空調装置
１０：熱媒体回路、１１：圧縮機、１２：凝縮器、１３：膨張弁、１４：蒸発器、１５：アキュームレータ
２０：高温熱媒体流路、２１：高温熱交換器、３０：低温熱媒体流路、３１：低温熱交換器
４０：蓄熱流路
４１：バッテリ用熱交換器、４２：モータ用熱交換器、４３：インバータ用熱交換器、４４：ＰＣＵ用熱交換器、４５：室外熱交換器、５０：室外流路
５５：タンク、７０：空調流路
８０：空調ユニット、８１：第１熱交換器、８２：第２熱交換器
８５，９５：三方弁
９０：個別空調ユニット、９１：第１個別熱交換器、９２：第２個別熱交換器
Ｒ：冷媒回路
Ｖ１：第１流路切替部、Ｖ２：第２流路切替部、Ｖ３：第３流路切替部
1: Vehicle air conditioner 10: Heat medium circuit, 11: Compressor, 12: Condenser, 13: Expansion valve, 14: Evaporator, 15: Accumulator 20: High temperature heat medium flow path, 21: High temperature heat exchanger, 30: Low temperature heat medium flow path, 31: Low temperature heat exchanger 40: Heat storage flow path 41: Heat exchanger for battery, 42: Heat exchanger for motor, 43: Heat exchanger for inverter, 44: Heat exchanger for PCU , 45: outdoor heat exchanger, 50: outdoor flow path 55: tank, 70: air conditioning flow path 80: air conditioning unit, 81: first heat exchanger, 82: second heat exchanger 85, 95: three-way valve 90: Individual air conditioning unit, 91: First individual heat exchanger, 92: Second individual heat exchanger R: Refrigerant circuit V1: First flow path switching section, V2: Second flow path switching section, V3: Third flow path switching Department
Claims (2)
前記冷媒回路の放熱で加熱された高温熱媒体を流す高温熱媒体流路と前記冷媒回路の吸熱で冷却された低温熱媒体を流す低温熱媒体流路を有する熱媒体回路と、
前記熱媒体回路に設けられる空気熱媒体熱交換器を車室内に供給する空気流路に配置した空調ユニットを備える車両用空調装置であって、
前記熱媒体回路は、
少なくとも外気と熱媒体が熱交換する外部熱交換器を備えると共に車載発熱機器温調用熱交換器を備え、
暖房運転時に、前記低温熱媒体流路に対して、前記外部熱交換器を流れる熱媒体の流路と前記車載発熱機器温調用熱交換器を流れる熱媒体の流路を繋ぐ流路切替手段を備え、
前記車載発熱機器温調用熱交換器は、バッテリ温調用熱交換器を含み、前記バッテリ温調用熱交換器は、他の車載発熱機器温調用熱交換器の下流側に配置されることを特徴とする車両用空調装置。 refrigerant circuit;
a heat medium circuit having a high temperature heat medium flow path through which a high temperature heat medium heated by heat radiation of the refrigerant circuit flows and a low temperature heat medium flow path through which a low temperature heat medium cooled by heat absorption in the refrigerant circuit flows;
A vehicle air conditioner comprising an air conditioning unit in which an air heat medium heat exchanger provided in the heat medium circuit is arranged in an air flow path that supplies the air into the vehicle interior,
The heat medium circuit is
At least an external heat exchanger for exchanging heat between outside air and a heat medium is provided, as well as a heat exchanger for controlling the temperature of an in-vehicle heat generating device,
During heating operation, a flow path switching means is provided for connecting the flow path of the heat medium flowing through the external heat exchanger and the flow path of the heat medium flowing through the vehicle-mounted heat generating equipment temperature control heat exchanger with respect to the low temperature heat medium flow path during heating operation. Prepare,
The heat exchanger for controlling the temperature of an on-vehicle heat generating device includes a heat exchanger for controlling the battery temperature, and the heat exchanger for controlling the battery temperature is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger for controlling the temperature of another on-vehicle heat generating device. Vehicle air conditioning system.
前記低温熱媒体流路から前記車載発熱機器温調用熱交換器を切り離す流路切替えを行うことを特徴とする請求項１記載の車両用空調装置。 The flow path switching means includes:
2. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein flow path switching is performed to separate the vehicle-mounted heat generating equipment temperature control heat exchanger from the low-temperature heat medium flow path.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022100456A JP2024001657A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Vehicular air conditioner |
| PCT/JP2023/019688 WO2023248715A1 (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2023-05-26 | Vehicle air-conditioning device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022100456A JP2024001657A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Vehicular air conditioner |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2024001657A true JP2024001657A (en) | 2024-01-10 |
Family
ID=89379818
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022100456A Pending JP2024001657A (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Vehicular air conditioner |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2024001657A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023248715A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7262954B2 (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2023-04-24 | サンデン株式会社 | vehicle air conditioning system |
| JP7434744B2 (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2024-02-21 | 株式会社デンソー | thermal management device |
-
2022
- 2022-06-22 JP JP2022100456A patent/JP2024001657A/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-05-26 WO PCT/JP2023/019688 patent/WO2023248715A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023248715A1 (en) | 2023-12-28 |
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