JP2024000057A - Method for reducing volume of fiber wastes by converting to low molecular weight substances while suppressing co2 emission - Google Patents
Method for reducing volume of fiber wastes by converting to low molecular weight substances while suppressing co2 emission Download PDFInfo
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- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、ＣＯ2の排出量を抑えつつ繊維廃棄物を低分子化して減量化する方法に関し、より具体的には、不要になった繊維製品や繊維くず等の繊維廃棄物を亜臨界加水分解処理によって減量化する方法の発明である。 The present invention relates to a method for reducing the weight of textile waste by reducing its molecular weight while suppressing CO 2 emissions.More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for reducing the weight of textile waste by reducing the molecular weight of textile waste while suppressing CO2 emissions. This is an invention of a method for reducing the amount by decomposition treatment.
最近、いわゆるファストファッションの台頭により、流行を意識した装いを手軽にできるようになっており、気軽に購入できる衣料品は、また気軽に廃棄されるようになっている。このため、衣類の廃棄量は年々増え続けている。ここで、繊維廃棄物は、大きく２つに分けられる。１つ目は、衣料品を作る過程で発生する産業廃棄物である。この繊維廃棄物は、汚れも少なく、大量に同一素材が発生するのでリサイクルしやすいという利点がある。もう１つは、繊維が衣料品となり店頭に並び、消費者に届けられてから捨てられて廃棄物になる一般廃棄物（家庭ごみ）である。家庭ごみとなる衣料廃棄物は、汚れが付着したり、様々な繊維が混じり合ったりしているためにリサイクルしにくい。 Recently, with the rise of so-called fast fashion, it has become easy to fashion fashion-conscious clothing, and clothing that can be easily purchased is also becoming more easily discarded. As a result, the amount of discarded clothing continues to increase year by year. Here, textile waste can be broadly divided into two types. The first is industrial waste generated during the clothing manufacturing process. This textile waste has the advantage of being easy to recycle because it is less dirty and the same material is generated in large quantities. The other type of waste is general waste (household waste), where textiles are turned into clothing, are sold in stores, and are then thrown away after being delivered to consumers. Clothes that become household waste are difficult to recycle because they are stained and contain various fibers.
環境省の「令和２年度 ファッションと環境に関する調査業務」で発表された衣料廃棄量は、年間８１．９万トンであり、そのうちの６４．８％の５１万トンが破棄され、１５．６％の１２．３万トンがリサイクルで使用され、残る１９．６％の１５．４万トンがリユースされている。衣料廃棄物をＳＤＧｓの観点で見ると、まず衣料品の製造全体を通じてのＣＯ2をはじめとする環境への影響がある。化学繊維は石油や水など天然資源を利用することによる資源問題、製造過程・廃棄過程でのＣＯ2の発生、廃棄物からマイクロプラスチックが発生し海洋プラスチック問題となることもある。 The amount of clothing waste announced in the Ministry of the Environment's ``FY2020 Survey on Fashion and the Environment'' is 819,000 tons per year, of which 64.8%, or 510,000 tons, is discarded, or 15.6 tons. 123,000 tons of the total amount was recycled, and the remaining 19.6%, or 154,000 tons, was reused. When looking at clothing waste from the perspective of SDGs, first of all, there is the impact on the environment, including CO 2 emissions throughout clothing manufacturing. Synthetic fibers use natural resources such as oil and water, which causes resource problems, CO 2 emissions during the manufacturing and disposal processes, and the generation of microplastics from waste, which can become a marine plastic problem.
近年、環境への配慮を重視する企業が増えていることから、環境への負荷が少ない形で衣料廃棄物を含む繊維廃棄物を廃棄するためにはどのようにすればよいか各社検討しているところにある。例えば、特開２０１９－１２２９４２号公報（特許文献１）には、特殊衣服を安定的かつ容易に破砕し、有価金属の回収も容易に行うことができる衣服のリサイクル装置が開示されている。特許文献１に開示のリサイクル装置は、特殊衣服を脆化させるために３００℃以上６００℃以下で加熱する加熱工程と、脆化した特殊衣服を破砕する破砕工程とを含む。 In recent years, an increasing number of companies are placing importance on environmental considerations, and each company is considering how to dispose of textile waste, including clothing waste, in a way that has less impact on the environment. It's where you are. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-122942 (Patent Document 1) discloses a clothing recycling device that can stably and easily crush special clothing and easily recover valuable metals. The recycling device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a heating step of heating at 300° C. or higher and 600° C. or lower to embrittle the special clothing, and a crushing step of crushing the embrittled special clothing.
このような２段階の処理を施すことにより、破砕時の繊維の絡まりや破砕された特殊衣服の膨張を防止し、特殊衣服を容易に破砕することが可能となる。また、繊維が脆化するため、繊維と留め具や装飾部品との分離を容易に行うことが可能となる。さらに、３００℃以上６００℃以下で加熱することで、燃料となる繊維の熱量を十分に残しながら衣服を脆化することが可能となる。 By performing such two-stage processing, it is possible to prevent the fibers from getting entangled during crushing and to prevent the crushed special clothes from expanding, and to easily crush the special clothes. Furthermore, since the fibers become brittle, it becomes possible to easily separate the fibers from fasteners and decorative parts. Furthermore, by heating at a temperature of 300° C. or higher and 600° C. or lower, it is possible to embrittle the clothing while leaving enough heat in the fibers that serve as fuel.
しかしながら、特許文献１に開示のように、３００℃以上６００℃以下で加熱する加熱工程を含むことで、大量のＣＯ2を排出することになるため、環境への負荷が重かった。 However, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, by including a heating step of heating at a temperature of 300° C. or more and 600° C. or less, a large amount of CO 2 is emitted, resulting in a heavy burden on the environment.
本発明は、上記の事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、ＣＯ2の排出を抑えつつ繊維廃棄物を低分子化して減量化する方法を提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a method for reducing the weight of textile waste by reducing its molecular weight while suppressing CO 2 emissions.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために、繊維廃棄物を分解するときの加熱温度を高くすることがＣＯ2排出量を増大させてしまうことに着目し、どのようにすれば低温で効率的に繊維廃棄物を分解できるか検討を重ねた。その結果、気相と液相とが共存する亜臨界状態の水を繊維廃棄物に噴射することで、ＣＯ2排出量を抑えながら繊維廃棄物を効率的に分解できるという着想を得た。従前から廃棄物を亜臨界加水分解によって分解すること自体は公知であったが、従来処理されていた廃棄物は、籾殻、わら、い草、木屑、大鋸屑、家畜糞尿、死魚、アラ、貝殻、紙屑、野菜屑、食品廃棄物、廃水等から出る有機性汚泥等のような一般廃棄物であった。本発明者らは、上記着想に基づいて、近年増加を続けている繊維廃棄物の処理に亜臨界加水分解の技術を転用し、さらにその最適処理条件について鋭意検討を重ねることにより、以下に示す本発明を完成させた。 In order to solve the above problem, the present inventors focused on the fact that increasing the heating temperature when decomposing textile waste increases CO 2 emissions, and how can it be done at a low temperature? We have repeatedly investigated whether it is possible to efficiently decompose textile waste. As a result, they came up with the idea that by injecting water in a subcritical state, where both gas and liquid phases coexist, into textile waste, it is possible to efficiently decompose textile waste while suppressing CO 2 emissions. It has long been known that waste can be decomposed by subcritical hydrolysis, but the conventionally treated wastes include rice husks, straw, rushes, wood chips, sawdust, livestock manure, dead fish, oysters, shells, General waste such as paper scraps, vegetable scraps, food waste, organic sludge from wastewater, etc. Based on the above idea, the present inventors diverted the technology of subcritical hydrolysis to the treatment of textile waste, which has been increasing in recent years, and further studied the optimal treatment conditions to achieve the following. The present invention has been completed.
すなわち、本発明の繊維廃棄物の低分子化して減量化する方法は、繊維廃棄物を密閉可能な容器に投入する投入工程と、前記密閉可能な容器内で前記繊維廃棄物を撹拌する撹拌工程と、前記工程で撹拌をした後の前記繊維廃棄物に、１８０℃以上２３５℃以下の温度の蒸気を噴射し、前記容器内の圧力を１０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2以上３０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2以下を維持することにより前記繊維廃棄物を加水分解して、ＣＯ2排出量を抑えつつ低分子化した分解固形物を得る工程と、を含むことを特徴とする。 That is, the method of reducing the amount of textile waste by reducing the molecular weight of the textile waste according to the present invention includes a charging step of charging the textile waste into a sealable container, and a stirring step of stirring the textile waste in the sealable container. and injecting steam at a temperature of 180° C. or higher and 235° C. or lower onto the textile waste after stirring in the step, and maintaining the pressure within the container at 10 kgf/cm 2 or higher and 30 kgf/cm 2 or lower. The method is characterized in that it includes a step of hydrolyzing the textile waste to obtain a decomposed solid that has a low molecular weight while suppressing CO 2 emissions.
このように密閉可能な容器に繊維廃棄物を投入することにより容器内の圧力を変動させることができ、亜臨界加水分解の処理に適した圧力に調整することができる。そして、圧力調整を行ったうえで高温高圧加熱蒸気を繊維廃棄物に噴射することにより繊維廃棄物を効率的に分解し、低分子化した分解固形物を回収することができる。このようにして繊維廃棄物を分解することで、繊維廃棄物の処理時間を大幅に短縮することが可能となる。 By charging textile waste into a sealable container in this manner, the pressure inside the container can be varied, and the pressure can be adjusted to a pressure suitable for subcritical hydrolysis treatment. Then, by injecting high-temperature, high-pressure heated steam onto the textile waste after adjusting the pressure, the textile waste can be efficiently decomposed and the decomposed solids reduced to low molecular weight can be recovered. By decomposing textile waste in this way, it becomes possible to significantly shorten the processing time of textile waste.
上記構成において、前記投入工程の後に、前記密閉可能な容器を密閉した状態でその内圧を４０～８０Ｔｏｒｒまで減圧する工程を含むことが好ましい。 In the above configuration, it is preferable to include, after the charging step, a step of reducing the internal pressure of the sealable container to 40 to 80 Torr while the container is sealed.
上記構成において、前記投入する工程の前に、前記繊維廃棄物を破砕する工程をさらに含むことが好ましい。 In the above configuration, it is preferable that the method further includes a step of crushing the textile waste before the charging step.
上記構成において、前記低分子化した分解固形物を温度１５０～２００℃、時間３０～５０分で、乾燥させる工程をさらに含むことが好ましい。 Preferably, the above structure further includes a step of drying the decomposed solid material having a low molecular weight at a temperature of 150 to 200° C. for a time of 30 to 50 minutes.
上記構成において、前記繊維廃棄物は、金属、鉱物及びガラスからなる群より選択される１種以上の加水分解できない異物を含み、前記繊維廃棄物のうちから前記加水分解できない異物のみを選択的に分離して回収する工程をさらに含むことが好ましい。 In the above structure, the textile waste contains one or more types of non-hydrolyzable foreign substances selected from the group consisting of metals, minerals, and glass, and only the non-hydrolyzable foreign substances are selectively removed from the textile waste. It is preferable to further include a step of separating and recovering.
本発明の繊維廃棄物を減量化する方法によれば、ＣＯ2の排出を抑えつつ繊維廃棄物の廃棄量を減らすことができる。 According to the method for reducing the amount of textile waste of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the amount of textile waste discarded while suppressing CO 2 emissions.
以下に図面を参照し、本発明の好ましい実施形態を説明する。以下に説明される実施形態は、本発明の一例に過ぎず、本発明の要旨を変更しない範囲で、本発明の実施形態を適宜変更することができる。 Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below are merely examples of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention can be modified as appropriate without changing the gist of the present invention.
＜繊維廃棄物の減量化方法＞
図１は、本実施形態の繊維廃棄物の減量化方法の手順を示すフローチャートである。本実施形態の繊維廃棄物の減量化方法は、図１に示すように、繊維廃棄物を破砕する工程Ｓ１と、繊維廃棄物を密閉可能な容器に投入する工程Ｓ２と、前記密閉可能な容器内で前記繊維廃棄物を撹拌する工程Ｓ３と、前記密閉可能な容器を密閉した状態でその内圧を４０～８０Ｔｏｒｒまで減圧する工程Ｓ４と、前記工程で減圧した後に、１８０℃以上２３５℃以下の高温高圧加熱蒸気を前記繊維廃棄物に噴射し、前記容器内の圧力を１０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2以上３０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2以下を維持することにより前記繊維廃棄物を加水分解して低分子化した分解固形物を得る工程Ｓ５と、前記低分子化した分解固形物を乾燥させる工程Ｓ６と、繊維廃棄物のうちから加水分解できない異物のみを選択的に分離して回収する工程Ｓ７とを含むことを特徴とする。上記の各工程は、図２に示す処理機械を用いて行われる。図２は、本実施形態の繊維廃棄物の減量化方法を実行するための処理機械の模式図である。以下に図１及び図２を参照しつつ処理機械を用いた具体的な処理手順を説明する。
<Method for reducing textile waste>
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the method for reducing the amount of textile waste according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the method for reducing the amount of textile waste according to the present embodiment includes a step S1 of crushing the textile waste, a step S2 of putting the textile waste into a sealable container, and a step S2 of putting the textile waste into a sealable container. a step S3 of stirring the textile waste within the container; a step S4 of reducing the internal pressure of the sealable container to 40 to 80 Torr in a sealed state; and a step S4 of reducing the internal pressure of the sealable container to 40 to 80 Torr; Decomposed solids obtained by hydrolyzing the textile waste into low molecular weight by injecting high-temperature, high-pressure heated steam onto the textile waste and maintaining the pressure in the container at 10 kgf/cm 2 or more and 30 kgf/cm 2 or less. A step S5 of drying the decomposed solid matter that has been reduced to a low molecular weight, a step S6 of drying the decomposed solid matter that has been reduced to a low molecular weight, and a step S7 of selectively separating and recovering only foreign substances that cannot be hydrolyzed from the textile waste. do. Each of the above steps is performed using a processing machine shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a processing machine for carrying out the method for reducing the amount of textile waste according to this embodiment. A specific processing procedure using a processing machine will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
（繊維廃棄物を破砕する工程Ｓ１）
まず、繊維廃棄物を破砕する。ここで、繊維廃棄物としては、繊維くず及び使用済みの衣類に限られず、布団、シーツ、毛布、繊維雑貨・小物、インテリア関連資材、自動車関連資材、スポーツ関連繊維、アウトドア関連繊維、テント、農業用・工業用資材などのあらゆる繊維製品を含む。破砕装置としては、ジョークラッシャー、ロールクラッシャー、ハンマークラッシャー、インパクトクラッシャー、一軸破砕機、二軸破砕機、四軸破砕機等を用いることができ、これらを単独で用いてもよく、あるいは組み合わせて用いてもよい。これらの破砕装置を用いることで、繊維廃棄物に金属、鉱物、ガラス、プラスチック製の装飾部品が存在する場合でも、破砕装置が破損することなく繊維廃棄物を破砕することが可能となる。
(Step S1 of crushing textile waste)
First, the textile waste is crushed. Here, textile waste is not limited to textile waste and used clothing, but also futons, sheets, blankets, textile miscellaneous goods and accessories, interior-related materials, automobile-related materials, sports-related fibers, outdoor-related fibers, tents, and agricultural products. Includes all textile products such as commercial and industrial materials. As the crushing device, a jaw crusher, roll crusher, hammer crusher, impact crusher, single-shaft crusher, twin-shaft crusher, four-shaft crusher, etc. can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination. You can. By using these crushing devices, even if decorative parts made of metal, mineral, glass, or plastic are present in the textile waste, it becomes possible to crush the textile waste without damaging the crushing device.
上記の破砕工程Ｓ１の後に、さらに追加で粉砕工程を設けてもよい。粉砕工程では、破砕工程Ｓ１で破砕した繊維廃棄物をさらに細かく粉砕する。粉砕工程で用いる粉砕装置としては、ハンマークラッシャー、インパクトクラッシャー、一軸破砕機、二軸破砕機、四軸破砕機、カッターミル、ローラーミル、ボールミル等を用いることができ、これらを単独で用いてもよく、あるいは組み合わせて用いてもよい。これらの粉砕装置を用いることで、繊維廃棄物をより確実に粉砕することが可能となる。 After the above-mentioned crushing step S1, an additional crushing step may be provided. In the crushing process, the fiber waste crushed in the crushing process S1 is further finely crushed. As the crushing equipment used in the crushing process, hammer crushers, impact crushers, single-shaft crushers, twin-shaft crushers, four-shaft crushers, cutter mills, roller mills, ball mills, etc. can be used, and even if these are used alone. They may be used together or in combination. By using these crushing devices, it becomes possible to crush textile waste more reliably.
（繊維廃棄物を密閉可能な容器に投入する工程Ｓ２）
次に、上記工程Ｓ１で破砕又は粉砕した繊維廃棄物を密閉可能な容器に投入する。本工程Ｓ２では、密閉可能な容器への投入方法は特に限定されず、ベルトコンベアなどを用いて繊維廃棄物を連続的に密閉可能な容器に投入してもよいし、一括して密閉可能な容器に投入してもよい。
(Step S2 of putting textile waste into a sealable container)
Next, the fiber waste crushed or crushed in the above step S1 is put into a sealable container. In this step S2, the method of charging the textile waste into a sealable container is not particularly limited, and the textile waste may be continuously charged into a sealable container using a belt conveyor or the like, or the textile waste may be charged all at once into a sealable container. You can also put it in a container.
（繊維廃棄物を撹拌する工程Ｓ３）
上記工程Ｓ２において、繊維廃棄物を密閉可能な容器に投入している間又は投入後に、投入された繊維廃棄物を撹拌する。ここで、本工程Ｓ３における撹拌速度は、繊維廃棄物が密閉可能な容器の外部に飛散しない範囲であれば特に限定されず、例えば、１５ｒｐｍ以上２０ｒｐｍ程度で撹拌されることが好ましい。このように繊維廃棄物を撹拌することにより、密閉可能な容器に繊維廃棄物を隙間なく投入できるようになり、密閉可能な容器への繊維廃棄物の投入量を増加させることができる。
(Step S3 of stirring textile waste)
In the above step S2, while or after putting the textile waste into the sealable container, the put textile waste is stirred. Here, the stirring speed in this step S3 is not particularly limited as long as the textile waste does not scatter outside the sealable container, and is preferably stirred at 15 rpm or more and about 20 rpm, for example. By stirring the textile waste in this way, the textile waste can be thrown into the sealable container without gaps, and the amount of textile waste thrown into the sealable container can be increased.
（密閉可能な容器内の圧力を４０～８０Ｔｏｒｒに減圧する工程Ｓ４）
次に、繊維廃棄物を密閉可能な容器内に投入した後に、当該密閉可能な容器を密閉し、その容器内を減圧する。容器の内圧は４０～８０Ｔｏｒｒ、好ましくは５０～７０Ｔｏｒｒ程度の範囲以内の値であり、より好ましくは６０Ｔｏｒｒ程度となるまで継続する。この減圧中においても、必要に応じて繊維廃棄物を撹拌してもよい。このように減圧する工程Ｓ４を含むことにより、繊維廃棄物中に含まれる空気を効果的に排出することができ、後の加水分解する工程において、繊維廃棄物を効率的に低分子化することができる。容器内の高温高圧加熱蒸気を噴射する前の工程に、容器内を減圧する工程を行うことは、一見すると矛盾するかのようであるが、繊維廃棄物は空気を含みやすいため容器内を減圧することで繊維廃棄物中の空気を効果的に排出でき、その上で高温高圧加熱蒸気を噴射することで、繊維廃棄物を効率的に加水分解処理できる。
(Step S4 of reducing the pressure inside the sealable container to 40 to 80 Torr)
Next, after putting the textile waste into a sealable container, the sealable container is sealed and the pressure inside the container is reduced. The internal pressure of the container is within the range of 40 to 80 Torr, preferably about 50 to 70 Torr, and more preferably continues until it reaches about 60 Torr. Even during this reduced pressure, the textile waste may be stirred if necessary. By including step S4 of reducing the pressure in this way, the air contained in the textile waste can be effectively discharged, and the textile waste can be efficiently reduced in molecular weight in the subsequent hydrolysis step. Can be done. At first glance, it may seem contradictory to perform the process of reducing the pressure inside the container before injecting the high-temperature, high-pressure heating steam inside the container, but since textile waste tends to contain air, it is necessary to reduce the pressure inside the container. By doing so, the air in the textile waste can be effectively discharged, and by injecting high-temperature, high-pressure heated steam thereon, the textile waste can be efficiently hydrolyzed.
（繊維廃棄物を加水分解して低分子化した分解固形物を得る工程Ｓ５）
次に、密閉可能な容器内を減圧した後、高温高圧加熱蒸気を密閉可能な容器内に噴射し、密閉可能な容器内を高温で且つ高圧の状態として、かかる高温高圧加熱蒸気を撹拌している繊維廃棄物に接触させる。このようにして、密閉可能な容器内の繊維廃棄物に対する煮熟処理を行うことにより、繊維廃棄物を加水分解する。
(Step S5 of hydrolyzing textile waste to obtain decomposed solids with low molecular weight)
Next, after reducing the pressure inside the sealable container, high-temperature, high-pressure heated steam is injected into the sealable container, and the high-temperature, high-pressure heated steam is stirred to maintain the high temperature and high pressure inside the sealable container. contact with textile waste. In this way, the textile waste is hydrolyzed by subjecting it to the boiling process in the sealable container.
上記高温高圧加熱蒸気の噴射中にも繊維廃棄物を撹拌することが好ましい。これにより密閉可能な容器内で繊維廃棄物が部分的に偏ることがないようにすることができる。この繊維廃棄物の煮熟処理は焼却処理とは異なり、ＣＯ2排出量を抑え、有毒ガスや、ダイオキシン等の有害物質が発生することがなく、しかも、高温・高圧条件下での処理であって微生物による分解作用を必要としないことから、腐敗菌による悪臭などが発生することもない。 It is preferable that the textile waste is also stirred during the injection of the high-temperature, high-pressure heated steam. This makes it possible to prevent the textile waste from becoming localized within the sealable container. Unlike incineration, this boiling treatment of textile waste reduces CO2 emissions, does not generate toxic gases or harmful substances such as dioxins, and is processed under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Since it does not require the decomposition action of microorganisms, it does not generate bad odors caused by putrefying bacteria.
密閉可能な容器内に噴射せしめる高温高圧加熱蒸気の温度は１８０～２３５℃、好ましくは１９０～２２０℃、より好ましくは１９０～２１０℃とされ、さらに好ましくは１９５℃～２００℃である。また、この高温高圧加熱蒸気の噴射によって、容器内の圧力が１０～３０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2、好ましくは１５～２５ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2、より好ましくは１８～２２ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2とされる。密閉可能な容器内の圧力は、圧力センサの検出値に基づいて自動制御されて安全弁から高温高圧加熱蒸気を放出させることにより調節される。なお、安全弁の大気開放側には、消音器や消臭器が装着されていることから、環境問題が回避されると共に作業の安全性も確保される。ここで、圧力を上げるほど容器内の温度が上昇する比例関係にあり、圧力を上げるほど容器内の温度が上昇し、反応速度を速めることができる利点があるが、その一方、蒸気の温度を上げ過ぎると燃料消費量並びに消費電力量が増加し、ＣＯ2の排出量低減の目的に反するため好ましくない。つまり、高温高圧加熱蒸気の温度が２３５℃を超えると、ＣＯ2の排出量が増加するため好ましくない。 The temperature of the high-temperature, high-pressure heated steam injected into the sealable container is 180 to 235°C, preferably 190 to 220°C, more preferably 190 to 210°C, and even more preferably 195 to 200°C. Further, by injecting this high temperature and high pressure heated steam, the pressure inside the container is set to 10 to 30 kgf/cm 2 , preferably 15 to 25 kgf/cm 2 , and more preferably 18 to 22 kgf/cm 2 . The pressure inside the sealable container is automatically controlled based on the detected value of the pressure sensor, and is regulated by releasing high-temperature, high-pressure heated steam from the safety valve. Furthermore, since a silencer and a deodorizer are installed on the side of the safety valve that is open to the atmosphere, environmental problems are avoided and work safety is ensured. Here, there is a proportional relationship in which the temperature inside the container increases as the pressure is increased, and the temperature inside the container increases as the pressure increases, which has the advantage of speeding up the reaction rate.On the other hand, however, the temperature of the steam increases. If it is raised too much, fuel consumption and power consumption will increase, which goes against the purpose of reducing CO 2 emissions, which is not preferable. In other words, if the temperature of the high-temperature, high-pressure heating steam exceeds 235°C, the amount of CO 2 emissions increases, which is not preferable.
この煮熟処理は、一般に３０～６０分程度、多くの場合４０～５０分程度で終了する。なお、煮熟処理時間は、処理対象物の状態や処理温度，湿度等の各種条件によって適宜に調節されるものであるため特に限定されない。また、連続して継続的に行う他、断続的乃至は間欠的に処理を実施しても良い。 This boiling process is generally completed in about 30 to 60 minutes, and in many cases about 40 to 50 minutes. Note that the boiling treatment time is not particularly limited, as it can be appropriately adjusted depending on various conditions such as the state of the object to be treated, the treatment temperature, and humidity. In addition to continuous processing, processing may be performed intermittently or intermittently.
（低分子化した分解固形物を乾燥させる工程Ｓ６）
次に、上記煮熟処理が終了したら、低分子化した分解固形物を乾燥させる。ここでの乾燥は、乾燥機を用いて温度１５０℃～２００℃、時間３０～５０分で行う。これにより低分子化した分解固形物に含まれる水分を蒸発させることができ、低分子化した分解固形物を軽量化することができる。
(Step S6 of drying the decomposed solids that have become low molecular weight)
Next, after the above-mentioned boiling process is completed, the decomposed solids having reduced molecular weight are dried. The drying here is performed using a dryer at a temperature of 150° C. to 200° C. for a time of 30 to 50 minutes. As a result, the water contained in the decomposed solids that have become low molecular weight can be evaporated, and the weight of the decomposed solid materials that have become low molecular weights can be reduced.
（繊維廃棄物のうちから加水分解できない異物のみを選択的に分離して回収する工程Ｓ７）
上記繊維廃棄物は、金属、鉱物及びガラスからなる群より選択される１種以上の加水分解できない異物を含むが、本工程Ｓ７では、繊維廃棄物のうちから加水分解できない異物のみを選択的に分離して回収する。ここでの「加水分解できない異物」とは、金属、鉱物及びガラスからなる群より選択される１種以上の加水分解できないものであり、具体的には、衣服に使用されるファスナー、ホック、ボタン等の金属類、ボタン、ブローチ等の鉱物類、ガラス等が挙げられる。
(Step S7 of selectively separating and recovering only foreign substances that cannot be hydrolyzed from textile waste)
The textile waste contains one or more non-hydrolyzable foreign substances selected from the group consisting of metals, minerals, and glass, but in this step S7, only the non-hydrolyzable foreign substances are selectively removed from the textile waste. Separate and collect. The term "non-hydrolyzable foreign matter" here refers to one or more types of non-hydrolyzable materials selected from the group consisting of metals, minerals, and glass, and specifically includes zippers, hooks, and buttons used in clothing. Examples include metals such as, minerals such as buttons and brooches, and glass.
上記工程Ｓ５によって、繊維廃棄物のうちの繊維成分は加水分解されるが、加水分解されない異物は、加水分解された繊維成分に比べて嵩が大きくなっている。よって、上記工程Ｓ７の処理によって得られた低分子化した分解固形物をふるいにかけることによって加水分解されない異物のみを選択的に分離することができる。このようにして、加水分解されない異物のみを分離できるので、繊維廃棄物の投入段階で予め繊維廃棄物のうちから異物を排除する作業を行う必要がなく、効率的に繊維廃棄物を減量化できるという利点がある。 In step S5, the fiber components of the fiber waste are hydrolyzed, but the foreign matter that is not hydrolyzed has a larger volume than the hydrolyzed fiber components. Therefore, by sieving the decomposed solid matter that has been reduced in molecular weight and obtained by the treatment in step S7, only foreign substances that are not hydrolyzed can be selectively separated. In this way, only foreign substances that cannot be hydrolyzed can be separated, so there is no need to remove foreign substances from the textile waste in advance at the input stage, and the amount of textile waste can be efficiently reduced. There is an advantage.
このように、本実施形態においては、繊維廃棄物が容器内に収容された状態において、容器内を減圧せしめてから、容器内に高温高圧加熱蒸気を噴射させて、繊維廃棄物の加水分解処理が行われることから、繊維廃棄物の十分な煮熟処理をより短時間に実施することができ、しかも、繊維廃棄物から低分子化した分解固形物を得るまでに排出するＣＯ2の排出量を抑えつつ繊維廃棄物を減量化することができる。 As described above, in this embodiment, with the textile waste housed in the container, the pressure inside the container is reduced, and then high-temperature, high-pressure heated steam is injected into the container to perform the hydrolysis treatment of the textile waste. This enables sufficient boiling of textile waste to be carried out in a shorter period of time, and also reduces the amount of CO 2 emitted to obtain low-molecular decomposition solids from textile waste. It is possible to reduce the amount of textile waste while suppressing the amount of waste.
以下に実施例を挙げ、上述の内容を更に詳細に説明する。本発明は以下の実施例から何ら制限を受けない。 The above-mentioned content will be explained in more detail by giving examples below. The present invention is not limited in any way by the following examples.
＜実施例１＞
（繊維廃棄物を破砕する工程Ｓ１）
図３は、実施例の繊維廃棄物を減量化する方法を実行する処理装置の模式図である。まず、繊維くず、使用済みの衣類、布団、シーツ等の繊維廃棄物１００ｋｇを準備し、一軸破砕機を用いて繊維廃棄物が５ｃｍ～7ｃｍ四方の大きさになるまで３０分間破砕した。
<Example 1>
(Step S1 of crushing textile waste)
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a processing apparatus for carrying out the method of reducing the amount of textile waste according to the embodiment. First, 100 kg of textile waste such as textile scraps, used clothing, futons, sheets, etc. was prepared and crushed for 30 minutes using a uniaxial crusher until the textile waste had a size of 5 cm to 7 cm square.
（繊維廃棄物を密閉可能な容器に投入する工程Ｓ２）
次に、収容体１４として、１．２ｍ3の容量の横長の耐熱製の鋼板製のタンクを準備した。そして、図３に示す通り、破砕した繊維廃棄物をホッパ５０から投入口４５を通じて収容体１４内に投入した。なお、収容体１４は、「密閉可能な容器」に相当する。
(Step S2 of putting textile waste into a sealable container)
Next, as the container 14, a horizontally elongated tank made of heat-resistant steel plate and having a capacity of 1.2 m 3 was prepared. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the crushed fiber waste was introduced into the container 14 from the hopper 50 through the input port 45. Note that the container 14 corresponds to a "closeable container."
（繊維廃棄物を撹拌する工程Ｓ３）
上記の繊維廃棄物の投入の際には、１５ｒｐｍの回転速度で回転軸８２と複数の撹拌羽根９８とを一体回転させることにより、繊維廃棄物を撹拌し、繊維廃棄物が収容体１４内の投入口４５側から排出口４６側に向かって徐々に移動するようにした。繊維廃棄物を投入し終えると、投入ダクト４８を閉作動して投入口４５を閉鎖し、収容体１４内を外部から完全に密閉した。
(Step S3 of stirring textile waste)
When the above-mentioned textile waste is input, the textile waste is stirred by integrally rotating the rotating shaft 82 and the plurality of stirring blades 98 at a rotational speed of 15 rpm, and the textile waste is contained in the container 14. It is arranged to gradually move from the input port 45 side toward the discharge port 46 side. When the textile waste has been input, the input duct 48 is closed, the input port 45 is closed, and the interior of the container 14 is completely sealed from the outside.
（密閉可能な容器内を減圧する工程Ｓ４）
次に、回転軸８２の回転を停止し、減圧ポンプ７８を作動することにより、収容体１４内の空気を吸引し、収容体１４の内圧が６０Ｔｏｒｒとなるまで収容体１４を減圧した。具体的には、吸気管路８０に設けられた開閉弁を開いて減圧ポンプ７８の作動により収容体１４内の空気が吸気管路８０を通じて外部に排出し、収容体１４の内圧を６０Ｔｏｒｒまで減圧した。
(Step S4 of reducing the pressure inside the sealable container)
Next, the rotation of the rotating shaft 82 was stopped, and the pressure reduction pump 78 was operated to suck the air inside the container 14, and the pressure of the container 14 was reduced until the internal pressure of the container 14 reached 60 Torr. Specifically, the on-off valve provided in the intake pipe 80 is opened and the pressure reducing pump 78 is operated to discharge the air inside the container 14 to the outside through the intake pipe 80, reducing the internal pressure of the container 14 to 60 Torr. did.
（繊維廃棄物を加水分解して分解固形物を得る工程Ｓ５）
次に、駆動モータを駆動させて回転軸８２と共に一体回転させる各撹拌羽根９８を回転させることにより、収容体１４内の繊維廃棄物を撹拌した。この撹拌下で、蒸気発生装置７０にて発生させた２００℃の高温高圧加熱蒸気を、蒸気流通管路７１を通じて収容体１４側に導入し、蒸気流通管路７１から収容体１４内に噴射せしめて、収容体１４内を高温で且つ１６ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2の高圧の状態とし、高温高圧加熱蒸気を撹拌している繊維廃棄物に接触させた。収容体１４内の圧力は、圧力センサの検出値に基づいて自動制御し、安全弁７４から加熱蒸気を放出させることにより調節した。このようにして、収容体１４内の繊維廃棄物に対して煮熟処理を行うことにより、繊維廃棄物を加水分解し、２０ｋｇの低分子化した分解固形物を得た。１００ｋｇの繊維廃棄物が２０ｋｇの分解固形物になるまでに要した煮熟処理の処理時間は４０分だった。なお、この煮熟処理中は収容体１４が完全に密閉された状態であるため異臭等が発生することもなかった。
(Step S5 of hydrolyzing textile waste to obtain decomposed solids)
Next, the fiber waste in the container 14 was stirred by driving the drive motor to rotate each stirring blade 98 that rotated together with the rotating shaft 82 . Under this stirring, 200° C. high-temperature, high-pressure heated steam generated by the steam generator 70 is introduced into the container 14 side through the steam distribution pipe 71 and injected into the container 14 from the steam distribution pipe 71. Then, the inside of the container 14 was brought to a high temperature and high pressure state of 16 kgf/cm 2 , and the high-temperature, high-pressure heated steam was brought into contact with the stirring textile waste. The pressure inside the container 14 was automatically controlled based on the detected value of the pressure sensor, and was regulated by releasing heated steam from the safety valve 74. In this manner, the fiber waste in the container 14 was subjected to the boiling treatment, thereby hydrolyzing the fiber waste and obtaining 20 kg of decomposed solids with low molecular weight. It took 40 minutes for the boiling process to turn 100 kg of textile waste into 20 kg of decomposed solids. It should be noted that during this boiling process, the container 14 was in a completely sealed state, so no strange odor or the like was generated.
（低分子化した分解固形物を回収する工程）
最後に、収容体１４内の低分子化した分解固形物を回収した。収容体１４の排出口４６が下方となるように傾けて、投入口４５側から排出口４６側に向かって低分子化した分解固形物が流れ落ちるようにして、撹拌羽根９８を回転させたままの状態で排出口４６を開けて低分子化した分解固形物を排出口４６から外部に排出した。
(Process of recovering decomposed solids that have become low molecular weight)
Finally, the decomposed solids in the container 14 were recovered. The container 14 is tilted so that the discharge port 46 faces downward, and the decomposed solids that have become low molecular weight flow down from the input port 45 side toward the discharge port 46 side, and the stirring blade 98 is kept rotating. In this state, the discharge port 46 was opened, and the decomposed solids having reduced molecular weight were discharged from the discharge port 46 to the outside.
（低分子化した分解固形物を乾燥させる工程Ｓ６）
次に、上記で得られた低分子化した分解固形物を連続的に乾燥機に投入し、温度１５０℃で３０分間、乾燥させることによって、低分子化した分解固形物を乾燥させた。
(Step S6 of drying the decomposed solids that have become low molecular weight)
Next, the decomposed solids obtained above were continuously put into a dryer and dried at a temperature of 150° C. for 30 minutes, thereby drying the decomposed solids that became low molecular weights.
（繊維廃棄物のうちから加水分解できない異物のみを選択的に分離して回収する工程Ｓ７）
次に、収容体１４から回収し乾燥させた低分子化した分解固形物に対し、空間が狭い平織り金網でふるいにかけることにより、低分子化した分解固形物中に混在する加水分解できない異物を回収した。加水分解できない異物としては、例えば、金属製の衣服のボタン、ファスナー、布団のチャック、ヘアピン、ガラス製のカフス等が確実に分離され確認された。
(Step S7 of selectively separating and recovering only foreign substances that cannot be hydrolyzed from textile waste)
Next, the low-molecular decomposed solids recovered from the container 14 and dried are sieved through a plain-woven wire mesh with a narrow space to remove foreign substances that cannot be hydrolyzed and are mixed in the low-molecular decomposed solids. Recovered. As foreign substances that cannot be hydrolyzed, for example, metal clothing buttons, zippers, futon zippers, hairpins, glass cufflinks, etc. were reliably separated and confirmed.
＜実施例２～１１、比較例１～２＞
実施例２～１１、比較例１～２では、実施例１に対して下記の表１のように条件が異なる他は、実施例１と同様にして繊維廃棄物を減量化した。各実施例及び各比較例において、実施例１と同様に、１００ｋｇの繊維廃棄物が２０ｋｇの低分子化した分解固形物になるまで煮熟処理を行った。煮熟処理に要した時間を表１の「処理時間」の欄に示す。なお、表１中の「〇」はその処理工程を実行したことを示し、表１中の「×」はその処理工程を除外したことを示す。
<Examples 2 to 11, Comparative Examples 1 to 2>
In Examples 2 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, the fiber waste was reduced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the conditions were different from Example 1 as shown in Table 1 below. In each Example and each Comparative Example, similarly to Example 1, 100 kg of textile waste was boiled until it became 20 kg of decomposed solids with low molecular weight. The time required for the boiling process is shown in the "Processing time" column of Table 1. Note that "○" in Table 1 indicates that the treatment step was executed, and "x" in Table 1 indicates that the treatment step was excluded.
実施例２では、実施例１の全ての工程のうち破砕工程Ｓ２を行わなかったことが異なる他は、実施例１と同様の手順により繊維廃棄物を減量化した。その結果、実施例２では、実施例１と比べて煮熟処理の処理時間が長くなった。実施例１は、破砕工程Ｓ２を行わない実施例２と比べて、破砕工程Ｓ２により、繊維廃棄物が細かく細分化され、煮熟処理中に高温高圧蒸気との接触面積が増えることを以って煮熟処理が進行し、煮熟処理の処理時間を短時間化できると考えられる。 In Example 2, the amount of fiber waste was reduced by the same procedure as in Example 1, except that the crushing step S2 of all the steps in Example 1 was not performed. As a result, in Example 2, the processing time for the boiling process was longer than in Example 1. In Example 1, compared to Example 2 in which the crushing process S2 is not performed, the textile waste is finely divided by the crushing process S2, and the contact area with high-temperature and high-pressure steam during the boiling process increases. It is thought that the boiling process progresses and the processing time of the boiling process can be shortened.
実施例３では、実施例１の全ての工程のうち撹拌工程Ｓ３を行わなかったことが異なる他は、実施例１と同様の手順により繊維廃棄物を減量化した。その結果、実施例１と比べて煮熟処理の処理時間が長くなった。実施例１は、撹拌工程Ｓ３を行わない実施例３と比べて、撹拌工程により繊維廃棄物が均一に高温高圧蒸気と接触しやすくなり、繊維廃棄物が煮熟処理されやすくなって煮熟処理の処理時間を短時間化できると考えられる。 In Example 3, the amount of fiber waste was reduced by the same procedure as in Example 1, except that the stirring step S3 among all the steps in Example 1 was not performed. As a result, the processing time for the boiling process was longer than that in Example 1. In Example 1, compared to Example 3 in which the stirring step S3 is not performed, the stirring step makes it easier for the textile waste to uniformly come into contact with high-temperature, high-pressure steam, making it easier for the textile waste to be boiled. It is thought that the processing time can be shortened.
実施例４では、実施例１の全ての工程のうち減圧工程Ｓ４を行わなかったことが異なる他は、実施例１と同様の手順により繊維廃棄物を減量化した。その結果、実施例１と比べて煮熟処理の処理時間が長くなった。実施例１は、減圧工程Ｓ４を行わない実施例４と比べて、減圧工程Ｓ４により繊維廃棄物に含まれる空気が圧縮され、これにより繊維廃棄物中の空隙が抑えられ、煮熟処理において高温高圧蒸気が繊維廃棄物に接触しやすくなって、煮熟処理の処理時間を短時間化できると考えられる。 In Example 4, the amount of fiber waste was reduced by the same procedure as in Example 1, except that among all the steps in Example 1, the depressurization step S4 was not performed. As a result, the processing time for the boiling process was longer than that in Example 1. In Example 1, compared to Example 4 in which the depressurization process S4 is not performed, the air contained in the textile waste is compressed in the depressurization process S4, thereby suppressing voids in the textile waste, and the high temperature in the boiling process is It is thought that the high-pressure steam comes into contact with the textile waste more easily, reducing the processing time of the boiling process.
実施例５では、実施例１の全ての工程のうち乾燥工程Ｓ６を行わなかったことが異なる他は、実施例１と同様の手順により繊維廃棄物を減量化した。乾燥工程Ｓ６を行うことにより、低分子化した分解固形物を軽量化することができ、繊維廃棄物をより軽量化することができた。 In Example 5, the amount of fiber waste was reduced by the same procedure as in Example 1, except that the drying step S6 among all the steps in Example 1 was not performed. By performing the drying step S6, it was possible to reduce the weight of the decomposed solid matter that had become low in molecular weight, and it was possible to further reduce the weight of the textile waste.
実施例７～１１及び比較例１～２では、加水分解工程における処理温度及び圧力が表１のように異なる他は、実施例１と同様の手順により繊維廃棄物を減量化した。
なお、本実施例及び比較例で用いた密閉可能な容器は、圧力と処理温度は比例関係にあり、煮熟処理における圧力を上昇させるほど容器内の処理温度が上昇する傾向にあった。
In Examples 7 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, the fiber waste was reduced by the same procedure as in Example 1, except that the treatment temperature and pressure in the hydrolysis step were different as shown in Table 1.
In the sealable containers used in Examples and Comparative Examples, the pressure and processing temperature were in a proportional relationship, and as the pressure during the boiling process was increased, the processing temperature within the container tended to rise.
比較例２では、実施例１と比較して、密閉可能な容器内の圧力及び温度を設定するまでに３０分過剰に必要となった。これにより燃料消費量並びに消費電力量が増加し、所期の目的であるＣＯ2の削減効果が十分に得られなかった。 In Comparative Example 2, compared to Example 1, an extra 30 minutes was required to set the pressure and temperature inside the sealable container. As a result, fuel consumption and power consumption increased, and the desired effect of reducing CO 2 could not be sufficiently achieved.
（ＣＯ2排出量）
次に、本発明の繊維廃棄物の減量化方法が、従来のそれと比較して、ＣＯ2排出量をどの程度減量できるかについて、従来の繊維廃棄物の処理方法は、焼却炉で繊維廃棄物を焼却することにより行われていたが、その焼却時に多量のＣＯ2を排出していた。例えば１００ｋｇの繊維廃棄物を焼却した場合には１００ｋｇに対して繊維くず係数２．２９を乗じた分量（つまり２２９ｋｇ）のＣＯ2が排出されていた。後掲の表２の「参考例１」に従来の繊維廃棄物の処理方法によって１００ｋｇの繊維廃棄物を処理したときのＣＯ2排出量を示す。
( CO2 emissions)
Next, regarding the extent to which the method for reducing the amount of textile waste of the present invention can reduce CO 2 emissions compared to the conventional method, the conventional method for processing textile waste is This was done by incinerating carbon dioxide, but a large amount of CO 2 was emitted during the incineration. For example, when 100 kg of textile waste is incinerated, an amount of CO 2 equal to 100 kg multiplied by a fiber waste coefficient of 2.29 (that is, 229 kg) is emitted. "Reference Example 1" in Table 2 below shows the amount of CO 2 emitted when 100 kg of textile waste is treated using the conventional textile waste treatment method.
一方、本発明の繊維廃棄物の減量化方法では、繊維廃棄物を煮熟処理して低分子化した分解固形物に分解する上ではＣＯ2を発生することはないが、煮熟処理の実行するために重油及び電力を使用する。例えば、上記実施例１では、１００ｋｇの繊維廃棄物を低分子化した分解固形物に分解するために、３０Ｌの重油及び５１．５ｋＷの電力を使用した。これらの燃料使用量をＣＯ2に換算すると、３０Ｌの重油に重油係数２．７１を乗じて８１．３ｋｇのＣＯ2が排出され、５１．５ｋＷの電力に電力係数０．３６２を乗じて１８．６４３ｋｇのＣＯ2が排出された。後掲の表２の「実施例１」に実施例１の繊維廃棄物の処理方法で１００ｋｇの繊維廃棄物を処理したときのＣＯ2排出量を示す。 On the other hand, in the method for reducing the amount of textile waste of the present invention, CO 2 is not generated when the textile waste is boiled and decomposed into low-molecular decomposition solids; heavy oil and electricity are used to For example, in the above Example 1, 30 L of heavy oil and 51.5 kW of electric power were used to decompose 100 kg of textile waste into decomposed solids with low molecular weight. When these fuel usage amounts are converted into CO2 , 81.3kg of CO2 is emitted by multiplying 30L of heavy oil by a heavy oil coefficient of 2.71, and 18.3kg of CO2 is emitted by multiplying 51.5kW of power by a power coefficient of 0.362. 643 kg of CO 2 was emitted. "Example 1" in Table 2 below shows the amount of CO 2 emitted when 100 kg of textile waste is treated using the textile waste treatment method of Example 1.
上記表２に示す結果から、実施例１で繊維廃棄物を減量化した場合、従来のように焼却処理した場合に比べて半分以下のＣＯ2排出量になっていた。この結果から、本発明の繊維廃棄物の減量化方法は、繊維廃棄物を処理する際のＣＯ2排出量を大幅に削減できることが明らかとなり、本発明の効果が確認された。 From the results shown in Table 2 above, when the amount of textile waste was reduced in Example 1, the amount of CO 2 emitted was less than half that of when it was incinerated in the conventional manner. From this result, it became clear that the method for reducing the amount of textile waste of the present invention can significantly reduce the amount of CO 2 emitted when processing textile waste, and the effectiveness of the present invention was confirmed.
１４ 収容体
４５ 投入口
４６ 排出口
４８ 投入ダクト
５０ ホッパ
７０ 蒸気発生装置
７８ 減圧ポンプ
８０ 吸気管路
８２ 回転軸
９８ 撹拌羽根
14 Container 45 Inlet 46 Outlet 48 Inlet duct 50 Hopper 70 Steam generator 78 Decompression pump 80 Intake pipe 82 Rotating shaft 98 Stirring blade
すなわち、本発明の繊維廃棄物の低分子化して減量化する方法は、繊維廃棄物を密閉可能な容器に投入する投入工程と、前記投入工程の後に、前記密閉可能な容器を密閉した状態でその内圧を４０～８０Ｔｏｒｒまで減圧する工程と、前記密閉可能な容器内で前記繊維廃棄物を撹拌する撹拌工程と、前記工程で撹拌をした後の前記繊維廃棄物に、１８０℃以上２３５℃以下の温度の蒸気を噴射し、前記容器内の圧力を１０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2以上３０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2以下を維持することにより前記繊維廃棄物を加水分解して、ＣＯ2排出量を抑えつつ低分子化した分解固形物を得る工程と、を含むことを特徴とする。 That is, the method of reducing the amount of textile waste by reducing the molecular weight of the textile waste of the present invention includes a charging step of charging the textile waste into a sealable container, and after the charging step, the method includes the steps of charging the textile waste into a sealable container, and after the charging step, keeping the sealable container tightly closed. a step of reducing the internal pressure to 40 to 80 Torr; a stirring step of stirring the textile waste in the sealable container; The textile waste was hydrolyzed by injecting steam at a temperature of 10 kgf/cm 2 to maintain the pressure within the container at 10 kgf/cm 2 or more and 30 kgf/cm 2 or less, thereby reducing the molecular weight while suppressing CO 2 emissions. The method is characterized by comprising a step of obtaining decomposed solid matter.
Claims (5)
前記密閉可能な容器内で前記繊維廃棄物を撹拌する撹拌工程と、
前記工程で撹拌をした後の前記繊維廃棄物に、１８０℃以上２３５℃以下の温度の蒸気を噴射し、前記容器内の圧力を１０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2以上３０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2以下を維持することにより前記繊維廃棄物を加水分解して低分子化した分解固形物を得る工程と、を含む繊維廃棄物の減量化方法。 a charging step of charging the textile waste into a sealable container;
a stirring step of stirring the textile waste in the sealable container;
By injecting steam at a temperature of 180° C. or higher and 235° C. or lower onto the textile waste after stirring in the step, and maintaining the pressure in the container at 10 kgf/cm 2 or higher and 30 kgf/cm 2 or lower, A method for reducing the amount of textile waste, comprising the step of hydrolyzing textile waste to obtain a decomposed solid having a low molecular weight.
前記繊維廃棄物のうちから前記加水分解できない異物のみを選択的に分離して回収する工程をさらに含む請求項１又は２に記載の繊維廃棄物の減量化方法。 The textile waste contains one or more non-hydrolyzable foreign substances selected from the group consisting of metals, minerals and glass,
The method for reducing the amount of textile waste according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising the step of selectively separating and recovering only the foreign matter that cannot be hydrolyzed from the textile waste.
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