JP2023140927A - Construction method of underground structure and underground structure - Google Patents

Construction method of underground structure and underground structure Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2023140927A
JP2023140927A JP2022047002A JP2022047002A JP2023140927A JP 2023140927 A JP2023140927 A JP 2023140927A JP 2022047002 A JP2022047002 A JP 2022047002A JP 2022047002 A JP2022047002 A JP 2022047002A JP 2023140927 A JP2023140927 A JP 2023140927A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
reinforcing bars
shaft
main reinforcing
reinforcing bar
fixing jig
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2022047002A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
剛男 原田
Takeo Harada
幸夫 阿部
Yukio Abe
範寛 大高
Norihiro Otaka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Steel Metal Products Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Steel Metal Products Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Steel Metal Products Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Steel Metal Products Co Ltd
Priority to JP2022047002A priority Critical patent/JP2023140927A/en
Publication of JP2023140927A publication Critical patent/JP2023140927A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

To implement a reinforcing bar erection process that improves workability, safety, and quality using simple equipment.SOLUTION: A construction method of an underground structure is provided, and comprises a first excavation step of excavating the ground and forming a shaft, an earth retaining member installation step of installing an earth retaining member along a wall surface of the shaft, an initial reinforcing bar installing step of suspending and lowering the reinforcing bar into the shaft while fixing the horizontal position using a fixing jig attached to the earth retaining member, and a final excavation step in which the ground is further excavated and the shaft is excavated in the vertical direction, a final reinforcement step of suspending and lowering the reinforcing bar into the shaft excavated in the final excavation step while fixing the horizontal position using the fixing jig, and a concrete placing step of placing concrete inside the shaft including the reinforcing bars.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、地中構造物の構築方法および地中構造物に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for constructing an underground structure and an underground structure.

深礎基礎は、一般に、地盤を掘削しながらライナープレートの左右ならびに上下の縁端を順次接続する手順を所定深度まで繰り返すことで、立坑の内側に土留壁を構築し、土留壁の内側に鉄筋を建て込み、さらにコンクリートを打設することによって施工される。一般に土留壁の内側に立て込まれる鉄筋は主鉄筋とフープ筋とを含むが、これらの鉄筋の建て込みに関する技術が種々提案されている。 Generally speaking, deep foundations are constructed by repeating the procedure of sequentially connecting the left and right and top and bottom edges of liner plates while excavating the ground until a specified depth is reached, constructing an earth retaining wall inside the shaft, and installing reinforcing bars inside the earth retaining wall. It is constructed by erecting the concrete and pouring concrete. Generally, reinforcing bars installed inside an earth retaining wall include main reinforcing bars and hoop bars, and various techniques for installing these reinforcing bars have been proposed.

例えば特許文献1には、円柱状の杭穴の内部で、架台を所定間隔で設けた架台柱を壁面に沿って垂直方向に設置してフープ筋を仮保持するとともに、上下移動可能な吊り足場を用いてフープ筋を配筋結束し、浮足場を用いてコンクリートを打設し、さらに鉄筋を機械継手工法で連結して縦主筋とする技術が記載されている。 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that inside a cylindrical pile hole, trestle columns with trestles provided at predetermined intervals are installed vertically along the wall surface to temporarily hold hoop bars, and a suspended scaffold that can be moved up and down. A technique is described in which hoop reinforcement is arranged and tied using floating scaffolding, concrete is poured using floating scaffolding, and the reinforcing bars are connected using a mechanical joint method to form vertical main reinforcement.

また、特許文献2には、掘削した立坑内に鉄筋組み立て用の足場を形成し、立坑周囲の地上で組立装置を用いてフープ筋を複数段毎に分けて環状に仮組みし、仮組みした複数段のフープ筋を順次立坑内に搬入し、次いで立坑内に主筋を挿入して足場を用いて主筋とフープ筋とを接続する技術が記載されている。 In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses that a scaffold for assembling reinforcing bars is formed in an excavated shaft, and hoop reinforcements are divided into multiple stages and temporarily assembled in a ring shape using an assembly device on the ground around the shaft. A technique is described in which hoop reinforcements in multiple stages are sequentially carried into a shaft, then main reinforcements are inserted into the shaft, and the main reinforcements and hoop reinforcements are connected using scaffolding.

さらに、特許文献3には、深礎立坑の坑口地上部にやぐら形の仮設架台を構築するとともに、同期運転可能な複数のチェーンホイルウインチを配置して支持リングを吊り支持し、支持リングに鉄筋篭を構成する縦筋を1本ずつ取り付け、縦筋の周囲に帯筋を溶接し、鉄筋篭としての剛性を確保した部分をチェーンホイルウインチの操作で支持リングとともに順次、深礎立坑内に吊り降ろす技術が記載されている。 Furthermore, in Patent Document 3, a tower-shaped temporary pedestal is constructed above the ground at the entrance of a deep foundation shaft, a plurality of chain foil winches capable of synchronous operation are arranged to suspend and support a support ring, and the support ring is reinforced with reinforcing steel. Attach the vertical bars that make up the cage one by one, weld the tie bars around the vertical bars, and use a chain foil winch to lift the parts that have secured the rigidity of the cage into the deep foundation shaft one by one along with the support ring. The technique for lowering it is described.

特開2002-038475号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-038475 特開2003-313860号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2003-313860 特開平09-177070号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 09-177070

しかしながら、上記のような従来の鉄筋建て込み技術にはいくつかの課題がある。まず、特許文献1に記載されたように立坑内で鉄筋を組み立てる方法は、組み立てながら鉄筋外側のコンクリートかぶり厚を確認できるため施工の精度は高いが、組み立てに足場が必要であるため施工性は低く、また立坑内での作業が多くなるため安全性も高いとはいえない。特許文献2に記載されたように地上部である程度の組み立てを行ってから立坑内で接合する方法は、施工性や安全性は向上するが、大型の吊り下げ機械が必要になる。また、立坑内での作業は減るものの依然として存在する。特許文献3に記載されたように立坑口で組み立てを行いながら連続的に鉄筋を送り込む方法は、施工性や安全性はさらに向上するが、大掛かりな設備が必要になり、また立坑の外からの組み立て作業になるためコンクリートかぶり厚の確認が困難である。 However, there are several problems with the conventional reinforcing steel reinforcement technology as described above. First, the method of assembling reinforcing bars in a shaft as described in Patent Document 1 has high construction accuracy because it is possible to check the concrete cover thickness on the outside of the reinforcing bars while assembling, but the workability is poor because scaffolding is required for assembly. It is not very safe as it is low and requires a lot of work inside the shaft. As described in Patent Document 2, the method of assembling to some extent above ground and then joining in a shaft improves workability and safety, but requires a large hanging machine. In addition, work inside shafts still exists, although it is decreasing. The method of continuously feeding reinforcing bars while assembling them at the shaft entrance, as described in Patent Document 3, further improves workability and safety, but requires large-scale equipment and is difficult to install from outside the shaft. It is difficult to confirm the concrete cover thickness because it involves assembly work.

そこで、本発明は、簡易な設備で施工性および安全性、ならびに品質を向上させた鉄筋の建て込み工程を実施することが可能な、地中構造物の構築方法および地中構造物を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a method for constructing an underground structure and an underground structure, which can perform a reinforcing bar erecting process with improved workability, safety, and quality using simple equipment. The purpose is to

[1]地盤を掘削して立坑を形成する最初の掘削工程と、前記立坑の壁面に沿って土留部材を設置する土留部材設置工程と、前記土留部材に取り付けられた固定治具を用いて水平位置を固定しながら、前記立坑の内部に鉄筋を吊り降ろす最初の鉄筋建て込み工程と、前記地盤をさらに掘削して前記立坑を鉛直方向に掘り進める最後の掘削工程と、前記固定治具を用いて水平位置を固定しながら、前記最後の掘削工程で掘り進められた前記立坑の内部に前記鉄筋を吊り降ろす最後の鉄筋建て込み工程と、前記鉄筋を含む前記立坑の内部にコンクリートを打設するコンクリート打設工程とを含む、地中構造物の構築方法。
[2]前記最初の掘削工程と前記最後の掘削工程との間で、前記地盤を掘削して前記立坑を鉛直方向に掘り進める少なくとも1回の中間掘削工程と、前記固定治具を用いて水平位置を固定しながら、前記中間掘削工程で掘り進められた前記立坑の内部に前記鉄筋を吊り降ろす中間鉄筋建て込み工程とをさらに含む、[1]に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。
[3]前記土留部材は、高さ方向について波形断面を有する、[1]または[2]に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。
[4]前記立坑の壁面と前記土留部材との間に吹付けまたは充填のいずれかまたは両方によってグラウトを施工するグラウト施工工程をさらに含む、[1]から[3]のいずれか1項に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。
[5]前記鉄筋は、鉛直方向に配筋され、それぞれが複数の鉄筋を長さ方向に連結して構成される第1の主鉄筋および第2の主鉄筋を少なくとも含み、前記最後の鉄筋建て込み工程で前記第1の主鉄筋および前記第2の主鉄筋について先端が前記立坑の掘削底面まで到達させられたときに、前記第1の主鉄筋の連結位置と前記第2の主鉄筋の連結位置とが異なる高さに位置する、[1]から[4]のいずれか1項に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。
[6]前記複数の鉄筋のうち、既に建て込まれた鉄筋の上端に新たな鉄筋を接続してから、前記既に建て込まれた鉄筋および前記新たな鉄筋を一緒に吊り降ろす工程を含む、[5]に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。
[7]前記鉄筋は、鉛直方向に配筋される主鉄筋を含み、前記最初の鉄筋建て込み工程の後に、前記主鉄筋の突出部を前記固定治具に係止して前記主鉄筋の高さ位置を固定する固定工程をさらに含む、[1]から[6]のいずれか1項に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。
[8]地盤を掘削して形成された立坑の壁面に沿って設置された土留部材と、前記土留部材に取り付けられた固定治具と、前記固定治具に係合するように配置された鉄筋と、前記鉄筋を含む前記立坑の内部に打設されたコンクリートとを有する地中構造物。
[9]前記鉄筋は、鉛直方向に延びる主鉄筋を含み、前記固定治具は、前記主鉄筋の突出部を係止可能な構造を有する、[8]に記載の地中構造物。
[10]前記固定治具は、前記主鉄筋を挿入および離脱させることが可能な切り欠きを有する、[9]に記載の地中構造物。
[11]前記固定治具は、水平面内で回動することによって前記主鉄筋に接近および離隔する湾曲部を有する、[9]に記載の地中構造物。
[1] An initial excavation process in which a shaft is formed by excavating the ground, an earth retention member installation process in which an earth retention member is installed along the wall of the shaft, and a horizontal An initial reinforcing reinsertion step in which reinforcing bars are suspended inside the shaft while fixing the position, a final excavation step in which the ground is further excavated and the shaft is dug in the vertical direction, and the fixing jig is used. a final reinforcing step of lowering the reinforcing bars into the shaft dug in the last excavation step while fixing the horizontal position; and pouring concrete inside the shaft containing the reinforcing bars. A method for constructing an underground structure, including a concrete placement process.
[2] Between the first excavation process and the last excavation process, there is at least one intermediate excavation process in which the ground is excavated and the shaft is dug in the vertical direction, and the shaft is excavated horizontally using the fixing jig. The method for constructing an underground structure according to [1], further comprising an intermediate reinforcing bar installation step of suspending the reinforcing bars into the shaft dug in the intermediate excavation step while fixing the position.
[3] The method for constructing an underground structure according to [1] or [2], wherein the earth retaining member has a corrugated cross section in the height direction.
[4] According to any one of [1] to [3], further comprising a grouting step of applying grout between the wall surface of the shaft and the earth retaining member by spraying or filling, or both. How to construct underground structures.
[5] The reinforcing bars include at least a first main reinforcing bar and a second main reinforcing bar arranged in the vertical direction, each of which is constructed by connecting a plurality of reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction, and When the tips of the first main reinforcing bar and the second main reinforcing bar reach the bottom surface of the excavation of the shaft in the loading process, the connection position of the first main reinforcing bar and the connection of the second main reinforcing bar. The method for constructing an underground structure according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the underground structure is located at a different height from the above.
[6] The method includes a step of connecting a new reinforcing bar to the upper end of the already erected reinforcing steel among the plurality of reinforcing bars, and then suspending the already erected reinforcing bar and the new reinforcing bar together. 5], the method for constructing an underground structure.
[7] The reinforcing bars include main reinforcing bars arranged in the vertical direction, and after the first reinforcing step, the protruding parts of the main reinforcing bars are locked to the fixing jig to increase the height of the main reinforcing bars. The method for constructing an underground structure according to any one of [1] to [6], further comprising a fixing step of fixing the position of the underground structure.
[8] An earth retaining member installed along the wall of a shaft formed by excavating the ground, a fixing jig attached to the earth retaining member, and reinforcing bars arranged to engage with the fixing jig. and concrete placed inside the shaft including the reinforcing steel.
[9] The underground structure according to [8], wherein the reinforcing bars include main reinforcing bars extending in the vertical direction, and the fixing jig has a structure capable of locking a protrusion of the main reinforcing bars.
[10] The underground structure according to [9], wherein the fixing jig has a notch through which the main reinforcing bar can be inserted and removed.
[11] The underground structure according to [9], wherein the fixing jig has a curved portion that approaches and separates from the main reinforcing bars by rotating in a horizontal plane.

上記の構成によれば、立坑を段階的に掘削する工程と並行して鉄筋を順次吊り降ろすことによって鉄筋の建て込み工程が行われる。これによって立坑内で鉄筋建て込みのための足場が不要になるため、施工性および安全性が向上する。また、鉄筋の水平位置は土留部材に取り付けられる固定治具によって固定されるため、立坑内で作業をしなくても鉄筋の外側のコンクリートかぶり厚を確実に設定することができる。鉄筋は段階的に順次吊り降ろせばよいため、吊り降ろしのためのクレーンなどの機械は小型化することが可能である。このように、本発明によれば、簡易な設備で施工性および安全性、ならびに品質を向上させた鉄筋の建て込み工程を実施することができる。 According to the above configuration, the reinforcing bar installation process is performed by sequentially lowering the reinforcing bars in parallel with the process of excavating the shaft in stages. This eliminates the need for scaffolding to erect reinforcing bars inside the shaft, improving workability and safety. Furthermore, since the horizontal position of the reinforcing bars is fixed by a fixture attached to the retaining member, the concrete cover thickness outside the reinforcing bars can be reliably set without having to work inside the shaft. Since the reinforcing bars need only be lowered in stages, it is possible to downsize the cranes and other machines used for lifting and lowering. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to perform a reinforcing bar erection process with improved workability, safety, and quality using simple equipment.

本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物である深礎基礎の構築方法の工程を示す図である。It is a figure showing the process of the construction method of the deep foundation which is an underground structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物である深礎基礎の構築方法の工程を示す図である。It is a figure showing the process of the construction method of the deep foundation which is an underground structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物である深礎基礎の構築方法の工程を示す図である。It is a figure showing the process of the construction method of the deep foundation which is an underground structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物である深礎基礎の構築方法の工程を示す図である。It is a figure showing the process of the construction method of the deep foundation which is an underground structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物である深礎基礎の構築方法の工程を示す図である。It is a figure showing the process of the construction method of the deep foundation which is an underground structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物である深礎基礎の構築方法の工程を示す図である。It is a figure showing the process of the construction method of the deep foundation which is an underground structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物である深礎基礎の構築方法の工程を示す図である。It is a figure showing the process of the construction method of the deep foundation which is an underground structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物である深礎基礎の構築方法の工程を示す図である。It is a figure showing the process of the construction method of the deep foundation which is an underground structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物である深礎基礎の構築方法の工程を示す図である。It is a figure showing the process of the construction method of the deep foundation which is an underground structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物の施工方法の変形例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of the construction method of the underground structure based on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物の施工方法の変形例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of the construction method of the underground structure based on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物の施工方法の変形例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of the construction method of the underground structure based on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態において鉄筋の高さ位置を固定する方法の例を示す図である。It is a figure showing an example of the method of fixing the height position of reinforcing bars in one embodiment of the present invention. 図13に示された例で利用可能な固定治具の第1の例を示す図である。14 is a diagram showing a first example of a fixing jig that can be used in the example shown in FIG. 13. FIG. 図13に示された例で利用可能な固定治具の第2の例を示す図である。14 is a diagram showing a second example of a fixing jig that can be used in the example shown in FIG. 13. FIG. 図13に示された例で利用可能な固定治具の第3の例を示す図である。14 is a diagram showing a third example of a fixing jig that can be used in the example shown in FIG. 13. FIG.

以下に添付図面を参照しながら、本発明の好適な実施形態について詳細に説明する。なお、本明細書および図面において、実質的に同一の機能構成を有する構成要素については、同一の符号を付することにより重複説明を省略する。 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that, in this specification and the drawings, components having substantially the same functional configurations are designated by the same reference numerals and redundant explanation will be omitted.

(地中構造物の施工方法)
以下では、図1から図9を参照して、本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物である深礎基礎の構築方法について説明する。まず、図1は、地盤を掘削して立坑1を形成する掘削工程の第1段階(最初の掘削工程)、立坑1の壁面に沿って土留部材であるライナープレート2を設置する工程、および立坑1の壁面とライナープレート2との間にグラウト3を施工する工程の後で、立坑1の内部に主鉄筋4Aを建て込む工程(最初の鉄筋建て込み工程)を示す。主鉄筋4Aは鉛直方向に配筋され、立坑1の内周に沿って配列される鉄筋である。この建て込みの工程では、主鉄筋4Aの水平位置をライナープレート2に取り付けられた固定治具5を用いて固定しながら、立坑1の坑口1A側から主鉄筋4Aを立坑1の内部に吊り降ろす。図を簡単にするために省略されているが、図中の奥側に配置される主鉄筋4Aも、奥側のライナープレート2に取り付けられた固定治具を用いて水平位置が固定されている。
(Construction method of underground structure)
Below, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9, a method for constructing a deep foundation, which is an underground structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, will be described. First, Figure 1 shows the first stage of the excavation process (initial excavation process) in which the ground is excavated to form the shaft 1, the process of installing the liner plate 2, which is an earth retaining member, along the wall of the shaft 1, and the shaft 1 shows a process of installing main reinforcing bars 4A inside the shaft 1 (first reinforcing bar installation process) after a process of installing grout 3 between the wall surface of FIG. 1 and liner plate 2. The main reinforcing bars 4A are reinforcing bars arranged in the vertical direction and arranged along the inner circumference of the shaft 1. In this erection process, the main reinforcing bars 4A are suspended into the inside of the shaft 1 from the shaft entrance 1A side while fixing the horizontal position of the main reinforcing bars 4A using a fixing jig 5 attached to the liner plate 2. . Although omitted to simplify the illustration, the main reinforcing bar 4A located at the back of the figure is also fixed in horizontal position using a fixing jig attached to the liner plate 2 at the back. .

ここで、本実施形態において、主鉄筋4Aは、図1に示された時点で先端が立坑1の掘削底面1Bまで到達する主鉄筋41A(第1の主鉄筋)と、この時点では先端が掘削底面1Bに到達しない状態で高さ位置が固定される主鉄筋42A(第2の主鉄筋)とを含む。なお、このように建て込みの過程で主鉄筋4Aの高さを互いに違いにすることの利点、および先端が掘削底面1Bに達しない状態で主鉄筋42Aの高さ位置を固定するための固定治具5の構造の例については後述する。 Here, in this embodiment, the main reinforcing bars 4A (first main reinforcing bars) whose tips reach the excavated bottom surface 1B of the shaft 1 at the time shown in FIG. Main reinforcing bars 42A (second main reinforcing bars) whose height position is fixed without reaching the bottom surface 1B. In addition, there are advantages of making the heights of the main reinforcing bars 42A different from each other during the erection process, and a fixing method for fixing the height position of the main reinforcing bars 42A with the tips not reaching the excavation bottom surface 1B. An example of the structure of the tool 5 will be described later.

次に、図2に示すように地盤を掘削して立坑1を鉛直方向に掘り進める掘削工程の第2段階(中間掘削工程)が行われ、図3に示すように掘り進められた立坑1の壁面に吹付けグラウト31が施工され、図4に示すように掘り進められた立坑1の壁面に沿ってライナープレート2が設置され、さらに図5に示すように吹付けグラウト31とライナープレート2との間に充填グラウト32が施工される。このようなライナープレート2およびグラウト3の施工方法については特開2020-105806号公報にも記載されており、このような施工方法を採用することによって経済的な設計と施工性の向上が可能である。ただし、本発明の実施形態に係るライナープレートおよびグラウトの施工方法はこの例には限られない。例えば吹付けグラウト31を省略して充填グラウト32のみを施工してもよいし、グラウト3自体を省略して、ライナープレート2に設けられた穴からコンクリートを流入させて立坑1の壁面とライナープレート2との間に充填してもよい。第2段階以外の掘削時についても同様であり、地盤条件などに応じて適切なグラウト3の施工方法を選択することができる。複数の段階の掘削工程でライナープレート2のみを設置した後に一括してグラウト3を施工してもよいし、各段階の掘削時でグラウト3の施工方法が異なっていてもよい。 Next, as shown in Figure 2, the second stage of the excavation process (intermediate excavation process) in which the ground is excavated and the shaft 1 is dug in the vertical direction is performed, and as shown in Figure 3, the shaft 1 that has been dug is Shot grout 31 is applied to the wall surface, liner plate 2 is installed along the wall surface of shaft 1 that has been dug as shown in FIG. 4, and as shown in FIG. Filling grout 32 is applied in between. The construction method of the liner plate 2 and grout 3 is also described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-105806, and by adopting such a construction method, it is possible to achieve economical design and improve workability. be. However, the liner plate and grout construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the sprayed grout 31 may be omitted and only the filling grout 32 may be applied, or the grout 3 itself may be omitted and concrete is poured into the hole provided in the liner plate 2 to form the wall surface of the shaft 1 and the liner plate. It may be filled between 2 and 2. The same applies to excavations other than the second stage, and an appropriate grout 3 application method can be selected depending on the ground conditions and the like. The grout 3 may be applied all at once after installing only the liner plate 2 in a plurality of stages of excavation, or the method of applying the grout 3 may be different for each stage of excavation.

次に、図6および図7に示すように、掘り進められた立坑1の内部に主鉄筋を建て込む工程(中間鉄筋建て込み工程)が行われる。まず、図6に示すように主鉄筋4A(主鉄筋41A,42A)の上部にカプラー61,62で新たな主鉄筋4B(主鉄筋41B,42B)を接続し、図7に示すように接続された主鉄筋4A,4Bを吊り降ろす。ここでも、主鉄筋41Aの先端は立坑1の掘削底面1Bに到達させられるのに対して、主鉄筋42Aは先端が掘削底面1Bに到達しない状態で高さ位置を固定される。なお、本実施形態では主鉄に用いられる鉄筋の接続にカプラーを用いるが、他の実施形態ではカプラーと呼ばれるもの以外の機械式継手や、重ね継手、ガス圧接継手または溶接継手で鉄筋が接続されてもよく、接続方法は特に限定されない。 Next, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a process of erecting main reinforcing bars inside the dug shaft 1 (intermediate reinforcing bar erecting process) is performed. First, as shown in Fig. 6, new main reinforcing bars 4B (main reinforcing bars 41B, 42B) are connected to the upper part of main reinforcing bars 4A (main reinforcing bars 41A, 42A) using couplers 61, 62, and the connections are made as shown in Fig. 7. Lower the main reinforcing bars 4A and 4B. Also here, the tip of the main reinforcing bar 41A is made to reach the excavation bottom surface 1B of the shaft 1, whereas the height position of the main reinforcing bar 42A is fixed in a state where the tip does not reach the excavation bottom surface 1B. In this embodiment, couplers are used to connect the reinforcing bars used for the main steel, but in other embodiments, the reinforcing bars are connected using mechanical joints other than couplers, lap joints, gas pressure welding joints, or welding joints. The connection method is not particularly limited.

上記で図6に示された例では、既に建て込まれた主鉄筋4Aの上端にカプラー61,62などを用いて主鉄筋4Aに新たな主鉄筋4Bを接続した上で、主鉄筋4A,4Bを一緒に吊り降ろしている。別の例として、先に主鉄筋4Aを吊り降ろしてから、主鉄筋4Aにカプラー61,62などを用いて新たな主鉄筋4Bを接続してもよい。この場合、カプラー61,62を予め地上で主鉄筋4Aの上端に取り付けてから主鉄筋4Aを吊り降ろしてもよいし、立坑1の内部で主鉄筋4Bを接続する時に主鉄筋4Aの上端にカプラー61,62を取り付けてもよい。別の例として、主鉄筋4Aの下端にカプラー61,62などを用いて新たな主鉄筋4Bを接続してもよい。この場合、主鉄筋4Aは、吊り降ろさずに、カプラー61,62を予め主鉄筋4Aの下端に取り付けてから主鉄筋4Bを吊り降ろして主鉄筋4Bを主鉄筋4Aの下端にカプラー61,62を介して接続してもよい。 In the example shown in FIG. 6 above, a new main reinforcing bar 4B is connected to the main reinforcing bar 4A using couplers 61, 62, etc. to the upper end of the main reinforcing bar 4A that has already been erected, and then the main reinforcing bar 4A, 4B are suspended together. As another example, after suspending the main reinforcing bar 4A first, a new main reinforcing bar 4B may be connected to the main reinforcing bar 4A using couplers 61, 62 or the like. In this case, the couplers 61 and 62 may be attached to the upper end of the main reinforcing bar 4A on the ground in advance and then the main reinforcing bar 4A may be suspended, or the couplers 61 and 62 may be attached to the upper end of the main reinforcing bar 4A when connecting the main reinforcing bar 4B inside the shaft 1. 61 and 62 may be attached. As another example, a new main reinforcing bar 4B may be connected to the lower end of the main reinforcing bar 4A using couplers 61, 62 or the like. In this case, the main reinforcing bars 4A are not suspended, but the couplers 61 and 62 are attached to the lower ends of the main reinforcing bars 4A in advance, and the main reinforcing bars 4B are then lowered and the couplers 61 and 62 are attached to the lower ends of the main reinforcing bars 4A. You can also connect via

以下、同様にして中間掘削工程および中間鉄筋建て込み工程を繰り返し、地盤をさらに掘削して立坑1を鉛直方向に掘り進めながら、掘り進められた立坑1の内部に主鉄筋を立て込む。図8は、掘削工程の最終段階(最後の掘削工程)で立坑1が所定の設計深さに到達し、最終段階で掘り進められた立坑1の内部への主鉄筋の建て込み工程(最後の鉄筋建て込み工程)が行われた状態を示す。なお、図8および図9は、図7までとは別個の例であるため、各鉄筋のカプラーの位置は必ずしも一致しない。図示されているように、最後の鉄筋建て込み工程では、主鉄筋41,42のすべてについて先端が立坑1の掘削底面1Bに到達させられる。 Thereafter, the intermediate excavation process and intermediate reinforcing bar installation process are repeated in the same manner, the ground is further excavated, and the shaft 1 is dug in the vertical direction, and the main reinforcing bars are erected inside the shaft 1 that has been dug. Figure 8 shows that shaft 1 reaches the predetermined design depth at the final stage of the excavation process (last excavation process), and the process of erecting main reinforcing bars inside shaft 1 that has been dug at the final stage (last stage). This shows the state in which the reinforcing bar erection process) has been carried out. Note that since FIGS. 8 and 9 are separate examples from those up to FIG. 7, the positions of the couplers of each reinforcing bar do not necessarily match. As shown in the figure, in the final reinforcement step, the tips of all the main reinforcement bars 41 and 42 are made to reach the excavated bottom surface 1B of the shaft 1.

上述のように、本実施形態において、主鉄筋41,42は、それぞれ複数の鉄筋をカプラー61,62で長さ方向に連結して構成される。図6および図7の例で示されたように、掘削の途中では主鉄筋41(第1の主鉄筋)を構成する主鉄筋41A,41Bと主鉄筋42(第2の主鉄筋)を構成する主鉄筋42A,42Bとの間でカプラー61,62の高さ位置を揃える一方で、主鉄筋の先端高さ位置を互いに違いにしていたため、図8に示すように主鉄筋41,42の先端を掘削底面1Bまで到達させると、主鉄筋41のカプラー61による連結位置と、主鉄筋42のカプラー62による連結位置とが、異なる高さに位置する。これによって、構造上の弱点になる連結位置の高さがすべての主鉄筋について揃ってしまうことがなくなり、主鉄筋を含む深礎基礎全体の強度を向上させることができる。なお、図示された例では連結位置が異なる高さに位置する2種類の主鉄筋が配置されるが、連結位置がそれぞれ異なる高さに位置する3種類以上の主鉄筋が配置されてもよい。 As described above, in this embodiment, the main reinforcing bars 41 and 42 are constructed by connecting a plurality of reinforcing bars in the length direction with couplers 61 and 62, respectively. As shown in the examples of FIGS. 6 and 7, during excavation, main reinforcing bars 41A and 41B forming main reinforcing bars 41 (first main reinforcing bars) and main reinforcing bars 42 (second main reinforcing bars) While the height positions of the couplers 61 and 62 were aligned with the main reinforcing bars 42A and 42B, the height positions of the tips of the main reinforcing bars were different from each other, so the tips of the main reinforcing bars 41 and 42 were When the excavation bottom surface 1B is reached, the connection position of the main reinforcing bar 41 by the coupler 61 and the connection position of the main reinforcing bar 42 by the coupler 62 are located at different heights. This prevents all the main reinforcing bars from having the same height at the connection position, which would be a weak point in the structure, and improves the strength of the entire deep foundation including the main reinforcing bars. In the illustrated example, two types of main reinforcing bars whose connection positions are located at different heights are arranged, but three or more types of main reinforcing bars whose connection positions are located at different heights may be arranged.

最後に、図9に示すように主鉄筋41,42を含めた立坑1の内部にコンクリート7を打設して、深礎基礎が完成する。なお、図示された例の深礎基礎はコンクリート7が立坑1の内部全体に打設される中実構造であるが、他の例ではコンクリートが内部に空間を空けて打設される中空構造であってもよい。中空構造の地中構造物は、深礎基礎以外にも(構造物としての)立坑、または集水井などとして利用することができる。中空構造の内部の空間に地山掘削時の残土などの土砂を投入した上で、深礎基礎として利用してもよい。また、掘削工程の段階を繰り返す回数は特に限定されない。例えば、掘削工程は第2段階までであってもよく、あるいはより多くの段階が繰り返されてもよい。 Finally, as shown in FIG. 9, concrete 7 is placed inside the shaft 1 including the main reinforcing bars 41 and 42, and the deep foundation is completed. Note that the deep foundation in the illustrated example has a solid structure in which concrete 7 is poured throughout the interior of the shaft 1, but in other examples, it has a hollow structure in which concrete is poured with a space left inside. There may be. Hollow underground structures can be used not only as deep foundations but also as shafts (as structures), water collection wells, and the like. It is also possible to fill the space inside the hollow structure with earth and sand, such as leftover soil from earth excavation, and then use it as a deep foundation. Further, the number of times the steps of the excavation process are repeated is not particularly limited. For example, the excavation process may be up to a second stage, or more stages may be repeated.

なお、本実施形態では、高さ方向について波形断面を有するライナープレート2を土留部材として配置している。ライナープレート2が波形断面を有することによって、外側に施工されるグラウト3および内側に打設されるコンクリート7との間で例えば異形鉄筋のようなずれ止め効果が得られる。また、ライナープレート2は高さ方向および幅方向についてボルトなどを用いて互いに連結されているため、コンクリート7の高さ方向の補強材(主鉄筋代替)および幅方向の補強材(フープ筋代替)としても機能する。従って、本実施形態では深礎基礎の鉄筋が鉛直方向に配筋される主鉄筋4A,4B,4Cのみを含み、図示された例のように立坑1の周方向に配筋されるフープ筋を含まないか、または通常の設計よりもフープ筋の数は削減されている。このような深礎基礎の設計については、例えば特開2021-080628号公報にも記載されている。本発明の他の実施形態ではフープ筋を配筋することも可能であり、その場合はフープ筋を接合した主鉄筋が先端を揃えた状態で吊り降ろされる。この場合、主鉄筋のカプラー部分の補強については別途考慮される。なお、ライナープレートと呼ばれるものの他にも、同様の機能を有する各種の部材を土留部材として使用することができる。 In addition, in this embodiment, the liner plate 2 having a corrugated cross section in the height direction is arranged as an earth retaining member. Since the liner plate 2 has a corrugated cross section, a slip-preventing effect similar to that of deformed reinforcing bars can be obtained between the grout 3 applied on the outside and the concrete 7 placed on the inside. In addition, since the liner plates 2 are connected to each other in the height and width directions using bolts, etc., the concrete 7 is reinforced in the height direction (substitute for main reinforcing bars) and in the width direction (substituted for hoop bars). It also functions as Therefore, in this embodiment, the reinforcing bars of the deep foundation include only main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B, and 4C arranged in the vertical direction, and hoop reinforcing bars arranged in the circumferential direction of the shaft 1 as in the illustrated example. They do not include or have a reduced number of hoops than in normal designs. The design of such a deep foundation is also described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2021-080628. In another embodiment of the present invention, it is also possible to arrange hoop reinforcements, and in that case, the main reinforcing bars to which the hoop reinforcements are connected are suspended with their tips aligned. In this case, reinforcement of the coupler portion of the main reinforcing bar will be considered separately. In addition to what is called a liner plate, various members having similar functions can be used as earth retaining members.

上記で説明したような本実施形態に係る地中構造物の施工方法によれば、立坑1を段階的に掘削する工程と並行して、立坑1の坑口1A側から主鉄筋4A,4B,4Cを順次吊り降ろすことによって鉄筋の建て込み工程が行われる。これによって立坑1内で鉄筋建て込みのための足場が不要になるため、施工性および安全性が向上する。また、主鉄筋4A,4B,4Cの水平位置はライナープレート2に取り付けられた固定治具5によって固定されるため、立坑1内で作業をしなくても主鉄筋4A,4B,4Cの外側のコンクリートかぶり厚を確実に設定することができる。また、フープ筋を省略する場合は主鉄筋4A、4B,4Cを1本(1組)ずつ吊り降ろすことが可能であるため、吊り降ろしのために大型のクレーンなどの機械は必要とされない。フープ筋を配置する場合も、従来よりもフープ筋の数が削減されていれば、吊り降ろしのためのクレーンなどの機械は小型化することが可能である。 According to the method for constructing an underground structure according to the present embodiment as described above, in parallel with the step of excavating the shaft 1 in stages, the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B, 4C are The process of installing reinforcing bars is carried out by lowering them one after another. This eliminates the need for scaffolding to erect reinforcing bars inside the shaft 1, improving workability and safety. In addition, since the horizontal positions of the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B, and 4C are fixed by the fixing jig 5 attached to the liner plate 2, the outside positions of the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B, and 4C do not need to be worked inside the shaft 1. Concrete cover thickness can be set reliably. Furthermore, if the hoop reinforcements are omitted, the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B, and 4C can be lifted down one by one (one set), so a machine such as a large crane is not required for the lifting down. When arranging hoop bars, if the number of hoop bars is reduced compared to the conventional method, machines such as cranes for lifting and lowering can be downsized.

図10から図12は、本発明の一実施形態に係る地中構造物の施工方法の変形例を示す図である。最終的に第1の主鉄筋の連結位置と第2の主鉄筋の連結位置とを異なる高さに位置させる方法として、図1から図7に示した例では掘削の途中の連結位置の高さを揃えつつ、主鉄筋の先端高さ位置を互いに違いにし、かつ先端位置が深い方の主鉄筋の先端を掘削底面に到達させる方法を説明したが、以下で説明するように他の方法も適用可能である。なお、以下の図10から図12は、上記の例における図1の段階に相当する。 10 to 12 are diagrams showing modified examples of the method for constructing an underground structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. As a method for finally locating the connection position of the first main reinforcing bar and the connection position of the second main reinforcing bar at different heights, in the examples shown in Figures 1 to 7, the height of the connection position during excavation is We have explained a method in which the main reinforcing bars are aligned at different heights, and the tip of the main reinforcing bar with the deeper tip reaches the bottom of the excavation, but other methods can also be applied as explained below. It is possible. Note that FIGS. 10 to 12 below correspond to the steps in FIG. 1 in the above example.

例えば、図10に示された例のように、主鉄筋41A,42Aの先端高さ位置を互い違いにしつつ、先端位置が深い方の主鉄筋41Aも掘削底面1Bには到達しない状態で高さ位置を固定してもよい。あるいは、図11に示された例のように、掘削の途中の時点で、主鉄筋41A,42Aの先端高さ位置を揃えていずれも掘削底面1Bに到達させてもよい。この場合、掘削の途中の時点で、主鉄筋41,42の連結位置は異なる高さになる。また、図12に示された例のように、主鉄筋41A,42Aの先端高さ位置を揃えつつ、主鉄筋41A,42Aのいずれの先端も掘削底面1Bには到達しない状態で高さ位置を固定してもよい。 For example, as in the example shown in FIG. 10, the height positions of the tips of the main reinforcing bars 41A and 42A are alternated, and the main reinforcing bars 41A whose tip is deeper does not reach the excavation bottom surface 1B. may be fixed. Alternatively, as in the example shown in FIG. 11, the height positions of the tips of the main reinforcing bars 41A and 42A may be aligned and both may be caused to reach the excavation bottom surface 1B at a point in time during the excavation. In this case, the connecting positions of the main reinforcing bars 41 and 42 will be at different heights at some point during the excavation. In addition, as in the example shown in FIG. 12, while aligning the height positions of the tips of the main reinforcing bars 41A and 42A, the height positions are adjusted so that the tips of none of the main reinforcing bars 41A and 42A reach the excavation bottom surface 1B. It may be fixed.

(鉄筋の固定方法)
図13は、本発明の一実施形態において鉄筋の高さ位置を固定する方法の例を示す図である。なお、図を簡単にするために、立坑1の径方向の断面内に位置する1対の鉄筋、およびこれらの鉄筋を固定する固定治具以外は図示を省略している。図示された例では、上記で図1に示した例と同様に立坑1の掘削工程の第1段階が終わり、主鉄筋が建て込まれている。この例において、主鉄筋4Aは図1の例よりも短尺であり、既に上部にカプラー6Aを介して主鉄筋4Bが接続されている。さらに、主鉄筋4Bの上端にはまだ他の鉄筋は接続されていないが、カプラー6Bが先行して取り付けられている。ここで、カプラー6A,6Bは、例えば主鉄筋4A,4Bのそれぞれの端部に形成されたねじ切り部分(おねじ)を螺合させるねじ孔(めねじ)が貫通した筒状の部材である。主鉄筋4A,4Bに取り付けられたカプラー6A,6Bは、主鉄筋4A,4Bよりも外径が大きい突出部を形成する。図示された例では、主鉄筋4A,4Bの長さに合わせて固定治具5を配置し、突出部であるカプラー6A,6Bを固定治具5に係止させることで、主鉄筋4A,4Bの高さ位置が固定される。従って、この後、立坑1の第2段階の掘削をする間は主鉄筋4A,4Bの高さ位置を保持し、掘削が終わってから主鉄筋4A,4Bを吊り降ろすことができる。
(Method of fixing reinforcing bars)
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for fixing the height position of reinforcing bars in an embodiment of the present invention. In addition, in order to simplify the drawing, illustrations are omitted except for a pair of reinforcing bars located within the radial cross section of the shaft 1 and a fixing jig for fixing these reinforcing bars. In the illustrated example, the first stage of the excavation process for the shaft 1 has been completed and the main reinforcing bars have been erected, similar to the example shown in FIG. 1 above. In this example, the main reinforcing bar 4A is shorter than the example of FIG. 1, and the main reinforcing bar 4B is already connected to the upper part via the coupler 6A. Further, although no other reinforcing bars are connected to the upper end of the main reinforcing bar 4B, the coupler 6B is attached in advance. Here, the couplers 6A and 6B are, for example, cylindrical members through which threaded holes (female threads) pass through which threaded portions (male threads) formed at the respective ends of the main reinforcing bars 4A and 4B are screwed together. The couplers 6A, 6B attached to the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B form protrusions having a larger outer diameter than the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B. In the illustrated example, by arranging the fixing jig 5 according to the length of the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B, and locking the couplers 6A, 6B, which are protruding parts, to the fixing jig 5, the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B are The height position of is fixed. Therefore, the height positions of the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B can be maintained during the second stage of excavation of the shaft 1, and the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B can be lowered after the excavation is finished.

図14は、図13に示された例で利用可能な固定治具の第1の例を示す図である。図示された例において、固定治具5Aは全体として一方が二又になった板状であり、二又の根元部分にはライナープレート2への取り付け孔51が形成され、二股の部分には向かい合う辺が平行な切り欠き52が形成される。図14(a)に示されるように、主鉄筋4Aの上端にカプラー6Aを取り付けた状態で、主鉄筋4Aを固定治具5Aの切り欠き52に挿入し、カプラー6Aを切り欠き52の両側で固定治具5Aの上面に載置することによってカプラー6Aを係止し、主鉄筋4Aの高さ位置を固定することができる。主鉄筋4A(および主鉄筋4B)の挿入、ならびにカプラー6A(およびカプラー6B)の係止を可能にするために、切り欠き52の内寸は、主鉄筋4A(および主鉄筋4B)の外径よりも大きく、カプラー6A(およびカプラー6B)の外径よりも小さい。 FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a first example of a fixing jig that can be used in the example shown in FIG. 13. In the illustrated example, the fixing jig 5A has a plate shape as a whole with one side forked, and a mounting hole 51 for attaching to the liner plate 2 is formed at the base of the two forks, and the two forks face each other. A notch 52 with parallel sides is formed. As shown in FIG. 14(a), with the coupler 6A attached to the upper end of the main reinforcing bar 4A, insert the main reinforcing bar 4A into the notch 52 of the fixing jig 5A, and insert the coupler 6A on both sides of the notch 52. By placing the coupler 6A on the upper surface of the fixing jig 5A, the coupler 6A can be locked and the height position of the main reinforcing bar 4A can be fixed. In order to enable the insertion of the main reinforcing bars 4A (and the main reinforcing bars 4B) and the locking of the couplers 6A (and the couplers 6B), the inner dimensions of the notches 52 are set to the outer diameter of the main reinforcing bars 4A (and the main reinforcing bars 4B). and smaller than the outer diameter of coupler 6A (and coupler 6B).

図14(b)に示されるようにカプラー6Aに上方から主鉄筋4Bを取り付けて主鉄筋4A,4Bを接続し、さらに主鉄筋4Bの上端にカプラー6Bを取り付けてから、図14(c)に示すように主鉄筋4A,4Bの水平位置を固定治具5Aから離れるように、すなわち立坑1(図示せず)の中心に向かってずらす。これによって、カプラー6Aが切り欠き52から離脱し、固定治具5Aによるカプラー6Aの係止が解除される。この状態で、図14(d)に示すように主鉄筋4A,4Bを吊り降ろし、今度は主鉄筋4Bを切り欠き52に挿入する。これによって、吊り降ろし後の主鉄筋4A,4Bの高さ位置を、カプラー6Bを固定治具5Aに係止することによって固定することができる。 As shown in FIG. 14(b), attach the main reinforcing bars 4B to the coupler 6A from above to connect the main reinforcing bars 4A and 4B, and then attach the coupler 6B to the upper end of the main reinforcing bars 4B. As shown, the horizontal positions of the main reinforcing bars 4A and 4B are shifted away from the fixing jig 5A, that is, toward the center of the shaft 1 (not shown). As a result, the coupler 6A is removed from the notch 52, and the coupler 6A is released from the fixing jig 5A. In this state, the main reinforcing bars 4A and 4B are suspended as shown in FIG. 14(d), and the main reinforcing bar 4B is then inserted into the notch 52. Thereby, the height positions of the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B after being suspended can be fixed by locking the coupler 6B to the fixing jig 5A.

図15は、図13に示された例で利用可能な固定治具の第2の例を示す図である。図示された例において、固定治具5Bは取り付け部と湾曲部とを有する板状であり、取り付け部にはライナープレート2への取り付け孔51が形成され、湾曲部の内側にはC字形の内縁53が形成される。図15(a)に示されるように、主鉄筋4Aの上端にカプラー6Aを取り付けた状態で、固定治具5Bの内縁53を主鉄筋4Aに沿わせ、カプラー6Aを内縁53の外側で固定治具5Bの上面に載置することによってカプラー6Aを係止し、主鉄筋4Aの高さ位置を固定することができる。カプラー6Aを安定的に係止するために、内縁53は、部分的に平面形状の曲率半径が主鉄筋4A(および主鉄筋4B)の外周面の曲率半径よりも大きく、カプラー6A(およびカプラー6B)の外周面の曲率半径よりも小さい部分を有することが好ましい。 FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a second example of a fixture that can be used in the example shown in FIG. 13. In the illustrated example, the fixing jig 5B has a plate shape with an attachment part and a curved part, and the attachment part has an attachment hole 51 to the liner plate 2, and the inside of the curved part has a C-shaped inner edge. 53 is formed. As shown in FIG. 15(a), with the coupler 6A attached to the upper end of the main reinforcing bar 4A, the inner edge 53 of the fixing jig 5B is aligned with the main reinforcing bar 4A, and the coupler 6A is attached to the fixing jig outside the inner edge 53. By placing the coupler 6A on the upper surface of the fixture 5B, the coupler 6A can be locked and the height position of the main reinforcing bar 4A can be fixed. In order to stably lock the coupler 6A, the inner edge 53 has a partially planar radius of curvature larger than the radius of curvature of the outer peripheral surface of the main reinforcing bar 4A (and main reinforcing bar 4B), and ) is preferably smaller than the radius of curvature of the outer peripheral surface.

図15(b)に示されるようにカプラー6Aに上方から主鉄筋4Bを取り付けて主鉄筋4A,4Bを接続し、さらに主鉄筋4Bの上端にカプラー6Bを取り付けてから、図15(c)に示すように取り付け孔51を中心にして固定治具5Bを水平面内で回動させ、主鉄筋4Aから離隔させる。これによって、カプラー6Aが固定治具5Bの内縁53から離れ、固定治具5Bによるカプラー6Aの係止が解除される。この状態で、図15(d)に示すように主鉄筋4A,4Bを吊り降ろし、再び取り付け孔51を中心にして固定治具5Bを水平面内で回動させて主鉄筋4Bに接近させ、今度は内縁53を主鉄筋4Bに沿わせる。これによって、吊り降ろし後の主鉄筋4A,4Bの高さ位置を、カプラー6Bを固定治具5Bに係止することによって固定することができる。このような固定治具5Bは、主鉄筋4A,4Bの水平位置を移動させることなく高さ位置の固定および解除を切り替えることができるため、例えば主鉄筋4A,4Bに加えてフープ筋が配置され、主鉄筋4A,4Bとフープ筋とを接合した状態で吊り降ろす場合でも利用可能である。 As shown in FIG. 15(b), attach the main reinforcing bars 4B to the coupler 6A from above to connect the main reinforcing bars 4A and 4B, and then attach the coupler 6B to the upper end of the main reinforcing bars 4B. As shown, the fixing jig 5B is rotated in a horizontal plane around the attachment hole 51 to separate it from the main reinforcing bar 4A. As a result, the coupler 6A separates from the inner edge 53 of the fixing jig 5B, and the locking of the coupler 6A by the fixing jig 5B is released. In this state, as shown in FIG. 15(d), the main reinforcing bars 4A and 4B are suspended, and the fixing jig 5B is again rotated in a horizontal plane around the attachment hole 51 to approach the main reinforcing bars 4B. The inner edge 53 is aligned with the main reinforcing bar 4B. Thereby, the height positions of the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B after being suspended can be fixed by locking the coupler 6B to the fixing jig 5B. Such a fixing jig 5B can switch between fixing and releasing the height positions of the main reinforcing bars 4A and 4B without moving the horizontal positions, so for example, when hoop bars are placed in addition to the main reinforcing bars 4A and 4B, , it can also be used when suspending the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B and hoop bars in a joined state.

図16は、図13に示された例で利用可能な固定治具の第3の例を示す図である。図示された例では、固定治具5Cが立坑1の坑口1A(図示せず)にフラットバーやアングルを用いて固定される環状部材である。固定治具5Cの内周には複数の切り欠き54が形成される。切り欠き54は、上記で図14を参照して説明した例における切り欠きと同様に、主鉄筋を挿入することが可能な部分である。固定治具5Cの内周には、立坑1の周方向における主鉄筋の配筋間隔に対応する間隔で切り欠き54が形成される。それぞれの切り欠き54に主鉄筋を挿入し、カプラーを係止することによって、上記の図14および図15の例と同様に主鉄筋の高さ位置を固定することができる。また、切り欠き54から主鉄筋を離脱させ、カプラーの係止を解除することによって、主鉄筋をさらに吊り降ろすことができる。このような固定治具5Cは、例えば固定治具のライナープレートへの取り付けが困難な場合でも利用可能である。 FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a third example of a fixing jig that can be used in the example shown in FIG. 13. In the illustrated example, the fixing jig 5C is an annular member fixed to the shaft entrance 1A (not shown) of the shaft 1 using a flat bar or an angle. A plurality of notches 54 are formed on the inner periphery of the fixing jig 5C. The cutout 54 is a portion into which the main reinforcing bar can be inserted, similar to the cutout in the example described above with reference to FIG. 14. Cutouts 54 are formed on the inner circumference of the fixing jig 5C at intervals corresponding to the reinforcement intervals of the main reinforcing bars in the circumferential direction of the shaft 1. By inserting the main reinforcing bars into each notch 54 and locking the couplers, the height position of the main reinforcing bars can be fixed in the same way as in the examples shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 above. Furthermore, by removing the main reinforcing bar from the notch 54 and releasing the coupler, the main reinforcing bar can be further suspended. Such a fixing jig 5C can be used even when it is difficult to attach the fixing jig to the liner plate, for example.

上記で説明した例ではカプラー6A,6Bを固定治具5A,5B,5Cに係止することによって主鉄筋4A,4Bの高さ位置が固定されるが、他の例では、主鉄筋4A,4Bの中間部にスリーブ状の部材を圧接したり、その他の部材を溶接したりして突出部を形成し、固定治具5A,5B,5Cに係止してもよい。固定治具5A,5Bについては、図13に示された例のように取り付け孔51を用いてライナープレート2の最上段を含む複数の段に取り付けられてもよいし、最上段だけに取り付けられてもよい。 In the example explained above, the height positions of the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B are fixed by locking the couplers 6A, 6B to the fixing jigs 5A, 5B, 5C, but in other examples, the height positions of the main reinforcing bars 4A, 4B are fixed. A protrusion may be formed by press-contacting a sleeve-like member or welding another member to the intermediate portion of the protrusion, and the protrusion may be secured to the fixing jigs 5A, 5B, and 5C. The fixing jigs 5A and 5B may be attached to multiple stages of the liner plate 2 including the uppermost stage using the mounting holes 51 as in the example shown in FIG. 13, or they may be attached only to the uppermost stage. It's okay.

なお、本発明の実施形態は上記で説明したように固定治具に主鉄筋の突出部を係止することによって高さ位置を固定する例には限定されず、主鉄筋の高さ位置の固定には別途設けられるクランプなどの手段が用いられてもよい。また、上記の固定治具5A,5B,5Cのように主鉄筋の水平位置および高さ位置を固定することが可能な固定治具と、主鉄筋の水平位置だけを固定する固定治具とが併用されてもよい。主鉄筋の高さ位置を固定する固定治具は、例えば各主鉄筋の最上段に1か所だけ配置されてもよい。なお、上記で説明された例では高さ方向について複数の固定治具が配置されているが、少なくとも1か所の固定治具で水平位置を固定すれば、例えば掘削終了時点で主鉄筋の先端を掘削底面に当接させることによって2点支持を構成し、主鉄筋の水平位置を安定させることができる。 Note that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the example in which the height position is fixed by locking the protruding portion of the main reinforcing bar to the fixing jig as described above, and the height position of the main reinforcing bar is fixed. A separately provided means such as a clamp may be used. In addition, there are fixing jigs that can fix the horizontal position and height position of the main reinforcing bars, such as the above fixing jigs 5A, 5B, and 5C, and fixing jigs that only fix the horizontal position of the main reinforcing bars. May be used in combination. The fixing jig for fixing the height position of the main reinforcing bars may be arranged at only one location, for example, at the top of each main reinforcing bar. In the example explained above, multiple fixing jigs are arranged in the height direction, but if the horizontal position is fixed with at least one fixing jig, for example, the tip of the main reinforcing bar can be fixed at the end of excavation. By bringing the reinforcing bars into contact with the bottom of the excavation, two-point support is constructed, and the horizontal position of the main reinforcing bars can be stabilized.

以上、添付図面を参照しながら本発明の好適な実施形態について詳細に説明したが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。本発明の属する技術の分野における通常の知識を有する者であれば、請求の範囲に記載された技術的思想の範疇内において、各種の変更例または修正例に想到し得ることは明らかであり、これらについても、当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。 Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is clear that a person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can come up with various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. It is understood that these also fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

1…立坑、1A…坑口、1B…掘削底面、2…ライナープレート、3…グラウト、31…吹付けグラウト、32…充填グラウト、4A,4B,4C,41,41A,41B,42,42A,42B…主鉄筋、5,5A,5B,5C…固定治具、51…取り付け孔、52,54…切り欠き、53…内縁、61,62,6A,6B…カプラー、7…コンクリート。 1... Vertical shaft, 1A... Well mouth, 1B... Excavation bottom surface, 2... Liner plate, 3... Grout, 31... Shot grout, 32... Filling grout, 4A, 4B, 4C, 41, 41A, 41B, 42, 42A, 42B ...Main reinforcement, 5, 5A, 5B, 5C...Fixing jig, 51...Mounting hole, 52, 54...Notch, 53...Inner edge, 61, 62, 6A, 6B...Coupler, 7...Concrete.

Claims (11)

地盤を掘削して立坑を形成する最初の掘削工程と、
前記立坑の壁面に沿って土留部材を設置する土留部材設置工程と、
前記土留部材に取り付けられた固定治具を用いて水平位置を固定しながら、前記立坑の内部に鉄筋を吊り降ろす最初の鉄筋建て込み工程と、
前記地盤をさらに掘削して前記立坑を鉛直方向に掘り進める最後の掘削工程と、
前記固定治具を用いて水平位置を固定しながら、前記最後の掘削工程で掘り進められた前記立坑の内部に前記鉄筋を吊り降ろす最後の鉄筋建て込み工程と、
前記鉄筋を含む前記立坑の内部にコンクリートを打設するコンクリート打設工程と
を含む、地中構造物の構築方法。
an initial excavation process in which the ground is excavated to form a shaft;
an earth retaining member installation step of installing an earth retaining member along the wall surface of the shaft;
an initial reinforcement step of lowering the reinforcing bars into the shaft while fixing the horizontal position using a fixing jig attached to the earth retaining member;
a final excavation step in which the ground is further excavated and the shaft is dug in a vertical direction;
a final reinforcement step of lowering the reinforcing bars into the shaft dug in the last excavation step while fixing the horizontal position using the fixing jig;
and a concrete placing step of placing concrete inside the shaft containing the reinforcing bars.
前記最初の掘削工程と前記最後の掘削工程との間で、前記地盤を掘削して前記立坑を鉛直方向に掘り進める少なくとも1回の中間掘削工程と、
前記固定治具を用いて水平位置を固定しながら、前記中間掘削工程で掘り進められた前記立坑の内部に前記鉄筋を吊り降ろす中間鉄筋建て込み工程と
をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。
Between the first excavation process and the last excavation process, at least one intermediate excavation process in which the ground is excavated and the shaft is dug in a vertical direction;
The ground construction according to claim 1, further comprising: an intermediate reinforcing bar erecting step of suspending the reinforcing bars into the shaft dug in the intermediate excavation step while fixing the horizontal position using the fixing jig. How to build medium structures.
前記土留部材は、高さ方向について波形断面を有する、請求項1または請求項2に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。 The method for constructing an underground structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the earth retaining member has a wave-shaped cross section in the height direction. 前記立坑の壁面と前記土留部材との間に吹付けまたは充填のいずれかまたは両方によってグラウトを施工するグラウト施工工程をさらに含む、請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。 The underground method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a grouting step of applying grout between the wall surface of the shaft and the earth retaining member by spraying, filling, or both. How to build structures. 前記鉄筋は、鉛直方向に配筋され、それぞれが複数の鉄筋を長さ方向に連結して構成される第1の主鉄筋および第2の主鉄筋を少なくとも含み、
前記最後の鉄筋建て込み工程で前記第1の主鉄筋および前記第2の主鉄筋について先端が前記立坑の掘削底面まで到達させられたときに、前記第1の主鉄筋の連結位置と前記第2の主鉄筋の連結位置とが異なる高さに位置する、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。
The reinforcing bars include at least first main reinforcing bars and second main reinforcing bars arranged in the vertical direction, each of which is configured by connecting a plurality of reinforcing bars in the longitudinal direction,
When the tips of the first main reinforcing bar and the second main reinforcing bar reach the bottom surface of the excavation of the shaft in the last reinforcement step, the connection position of the first main reinforcing bar and the second main reinforcing bar are determined. The method for constructing an underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connecting position of the main reinforcing bars is located at a different height.
前記複数の鉄筋のうち、既に建て込まれた鉄筋の上端に新たな鉄筋を接続してから、前記既に建て込まれた鉄筋および前記新たな鉄筋を一緒に吊り降ろす工程を含む、請求項5に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。 6. The method according to claim 5, further comprising the step of connecting a new reinforcing bar to the upper end of the already erected reinforcing bar among the plurality of reinforcing bars, and then suspending the already erected reinforcing bar and the new reinforcing bar together. Method of constructing the underground structure described. 前記鉄筋は、鉛直方向に配筋される主鉄筋を含み、
前記最初の鉄筋建て込み工程の後に、前記主鉄筋の突出部を前記固定治具に係止して前記主鉄筋の高さ位置を固定する固定工程をさらに含む、請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の地中構造物の構築方法。
The reinforcing bars include main reinforcing bars arranged in the vertical direction,
7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing step of fixing the height position of the main reinforcing bars by locking the protruding parts of the main reinforcing bars to the fixing jig after the first reinforcing bar erecting step. A method for constructing an underground structure according to any one of the items.
地盤を掘削して形成された立坑の壁面に沿って設置された土留部材と、
前記土留部材に取り付けられた固定治具と、
前記固定治具に係合するように配置された鉄筋と、
前記鉄筋を含む前記立坑の内部に打設されたコンクリートと
を有する地中構造物。
An earth retaining member installed along the wall of a shaft formed by excavating the ground,
a fixing jig attached to the earth retaining member;
reinforcing bars arranged to engage with the fixing jig;
and concrete placed inside the shaft containing the reinforcing steel.
前記鉄筋は、鉛直方向に延びる主鉄筋を含み、
前記固定治具は、前記主鉄筋の突出部を係止可能な構造を有する、請求項8に記載の地中構造物。
The reinforcing bars include main reinforcing bars extending in the vertical direction,
The underground structure according to claim 8, wherein the fixing jig has a structure capable of locking the protrusion of the main reinforcing bar.
前記固定治具は、前記主鉄筋を挿入および離脱させることが可能な切り欠きを有する、請求項9に記載の地中構造物。 The underground structure according to claim 9, wherein the fixing jig has a notch through which the main reinforcing bar can be inserted and removed. 前記固定治具は、水平面内で回動することによって前記主鉄筋に接近および離隔する湾曲部を有する、請求項9に記載の地中構造物。 The underground structure according to claim 9, wherein the fixing jig has a curved portion that approaches and separates from the main reinforcing bars by rotating in a horizontal plane.
JP2022047002A 2022-03-23 2022-03-23 Construction method of underground structure and underground structure Pending JP2023140927A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022047002A JP2023140927A (en) 2022-03-23 2022-03-23 Construction method of underground structure and underground structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022047002A JP2023140927A (en) 2022-03-23 2022-03-23 Construction method of underground structure and underground structure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2023140927A true JP2023140927A (en) 2023-10-05

Family

ID=88206509

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2022047002A Pending JP2023140927A (en) 2022-03-23 2022-03-23 Construction method of underground structure and underground structure

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2023140927A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU2011368478B2 (en) Batch-installation-type large-caliber underwater casing installation structure using sheet pile and method for constructing same
JP2012107430A (en) Construction method of underground structure
JP5948838B2 (en) Column and beam joining method
KR102268120B1 (en) PHC pile construction method using casing guide and removeable auxiliary pile
JP2023140927A (en) Construction method of underground structure and underground structure
KR102267641B1 (en) PHC pile construction method using joint PHC pile and detachable auxiliary pile
JP5121028B2 (en) Liner plate and deep foundation method
JP6715663B2 (en) Steel pipe pile construction method
JP6757003B2 (en) Construction method of double pipe pile and double pipe pile
JP2016023453A (en) Construction method for reversely driven column, and erection method for reversely driven column
JP2007107233A (en) Construction method for earth retaining structure
JP6220659B2 (en) Position adjustment method of reaction force receiving member and top of column
JP6677564B2 (en) Reinforced basket and connection method of reinforced basket
JP6948908B2 (en) Construction method of segments, buried structures and buried structures
JPH11117521A (en) Suspended scaffold
JP2005240534A (en) Steel-pipe temporary-equipment construction method
JP2016205119A (en) Segment and construction method for immersion structure
JP4475116B2 (en) Vertical shaft structure and its construction method
JP2011220009A (en) Erection method of permanent sub-substructural column
JP4134215B2 (en) Horizontal frame structure and underground soil retaining support method using it
JP6688612B2 (en) Pile structure and method of assembling piles
JPH0444595A (en) Excavating method for liner form and its vertical shaft which can be widened or shortened
JP7364105B2 (en) Position adjustment device and method for adjusting the position of the structure pillar
JP4589506B2 (en) Pre-installation method of large steel columns for constructing buildings with superstructure structure by the reverse driving method
KR101256311B1 (en) Structual deepening method