JP2023035793A - Decorative body, decorative body production device, decorative body production method and decorative body illumination device - Google Patents

Decorative body, decorative body production device, decorative body production method and decorative body illumination device Download PDF

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JP2023035793A
JP2023035793A JP2022041952A JP2022041952A JP2023035793A JP 2023035793 A JP2023035793 A JP 2023035793A JP 2022041952 A JP2022041952 A JP 2022041952A JP 2022041952 A JP2022041952 A JP 2022041952A JP 2023035793 A JP2023035793 A JP 2023035793A
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decorative body
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colored
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JP7288113B2 (en
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正義 平井
Masayoshi Hirai
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Abstract

To provide a decorative body improved in decorative properties.SOLUTION: There is provided a decorative body in which a plurality of layers is laminated, where the plurality of layers includes: a permeation layer having permeability; a color surface layer whose permeability is lower than that in the permeation layer in at least a part of wavelengths of a visible light ray; an assist color surface layer whose permeability is lower than that in the permeation layer in the at least part of wavelengths of the visible light ray and which is different from the color surface layer; and a colored layer whose part having permeability includes a colorant whose color is different from a color on the part having permeability. The decorative body has a plurality of partial areas for dividing a surface being vertical to the lamination direction, where the plurality of partial areas includes: a partial area having the color surface layer; and a partial area having no color surface layer. At least a part of the partial area having no color surface layer, is configured so that, with respect to a visual line from the lamination direction, the assist color surface layer is visible through the permeation layer and the colored layer is invisible.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は装飾体とその装飾体を製造する装飾体製造装置及び装飾体製造方法並びにその装飾体に光を照射する装飾体照明設備に関する。 The present invention relates to a decoration, a decoration manufacturing apparatus and method for manufacturing the decoration, and a decoration illumination facility for irradiating the decoration with light.

特許文献1は、積層からなる装飾体において、複数の粘着フィルム等を段差が目立たないように重ね貼りするという発明を記載している。 Patent Literature 1 describes an invention in which a plurality of adhesive films or the like are superimposed on a laminated decorative body so that the difference in level is inconspicuous.

特願2020-147178号公報Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-147178

しかしこの発明は、着色剤を含む板材を粘着フィルムの抜き部分から透過させる際、望ましくない部分に着色剤が露出してしまうという問題を解決できなかった。本発明は、この問題の解決を課題としてもよい。なお、本明細書における装飾体は表示体・光学体を含むことがある。 However, the present invention could not solve the problem that the colorant is exposed in an undesired portion when the plate material containing the colorant is transmitted through the cutout portion of the adhesive film. An object of the present invention is to solve this problem. Note that the decorative body in this specification may include a display body and an optical body.

本発明の1つの態様は、以下である。項1:複数の層が積層された装飾体であって、前記複数の層が、透過性を有する透過層と、前記透過層より可視光線の少なくとも一部の波長における透過性が低い色面層と、前記透過層より可視光線の少なくとも一部の波長における透過性が低く前記色面層とは異なる層である補助色面層と、透過性を有する部分が前記透過性を有する部分とは異なる色の着色剤を含む着色層と、を含み、前記装飾体が、前記積層方向に垂直な面を区分する複数の部分領域を有し、前記複数の部分領域が、前記色面層を有する部分領域と、前記色面層を有さない部分領域と、を含み、前記有さない部分領域の少なくとも一部において、前記積層方向からの視線に対し、前記透過層を透過して前記補助色面層が見えかつ前記着色層が見えない装飾体(段落0048~53・図5~6参照)。 One aspect of the invention is as follows. Item 1: A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers includes a transparent layer having transparency and a color surface layer having lower transparency at least part of the wavelength of visible light than the transparent layer and an auxiliary color surface layer, which is a layer different from the color surface layer and has lower transmittance in at least part of the wavelength of visible light than the transmission layer, and a portion having transparency different from the portion having transparency. and a colored layer containing a colorant, wherein the decorative body has a plurality of partial regions dividing a plane perpendicular to the lamination direction, and the plurality of partial regions have the colored surface layer. and a partial area that does not have the color plane layer, and in at least a part of the partial area that does not have the auxiliary color plane, a line of sight from the stacking direction is transmitted through the transmission layer and the auxiliary color plane A decorative body in which the layers are visible and the colored layer is not visible (see paragraphs 0048-53 and FIGS. 5-6).

前記装飾体は以下のようでもよい。項2:前記透過層の一部が前記色面層に接合された、項1に記載の装飾体。項3:前記有する部分領域において前記透過層が前記色面層に接合された、項1又は2に記載の装飾体。項4:前記補助色面層が見える部分を含む前記有さない部分領域の少なくとも一部が前記積層方向に垂直な面における前記装飾体の端部に接する、項1~3の何れかに記載の装飾体(図7bのような態様を含む)。項5:前記色面層及び前記補助色面層が前記積層方向において一部の部分領域で重なる、項1から4の何れかに記載の装飾体。項6:前記重なる部分領域の色面層が前記重なる部分領域以外の色面層に連続し、前記重なる部分領域の補助色面層が前記重なる部分領域以外の補助色面層に連続する、項5に記載の装飾体。項7:前記着色剤が薄片状であり、前記着色剤の最大長さが0.02mm以上であり、前記着色剤の少なくとも一部において、それぞれの最大長さが、前記最大長さの中点を通り前記最大長さの方向に直交する断面の径のうち前記中点を通る最も短い長さの5倍以上である、項1~6の何れかに記載の装飾体。項8:前記有さない部分領域の一部が前記着色層を有し、前記有さない部分領域の有する前記着色層が前記透過部を透過して見える、項1~7の何れかに記載の装飾体(抜き部分P)。項9:前記色面層と前記着色層とが、透過性を有し前記透過層とは異なる層を間に挟む、項1~8の何れかに記載の装飾体。項10:前記補助色面層と前記着色層とが前記積層方向に垂直な各方向における端部同士で接合されたか、前記色面層と前記補助色面層又は前記着色層の少なくとも一方とが前記垂直な面で接合されたか、の少なくとも一方である、項1~9の何れかに記載の装飾体。項11:前記色面層と前記補助色面層とが前記積層方向においてそれぞれ異なる位置を有し、かつ互いに連続しないか又は互いの間に接合部分を有するかの少なくとも一方である、項1~10の何れかに記載の装飾体。項12:前記色面層の視感透過率が50%以下である、項1~11の何れかに記載の装飾体。項13:前記色面層と他の層との間に接着層を有する、項1~12の何れかに記載の装飾体。項14:前記装飾体が板状である、項1~13の何れかに記載の装飾体。項15:前記有さない部分領域において前記透過層と前記透過層に接する別の層とが化学拡散接合である、項1~14の何れかに記載の装飾体。項16:前記有さない部分領域の一部が文字・ロゴ・図形・模様の少なくとも何れかの形状である、項1~15の何れかに記載の装飾体。 The decoration may be as follows. Item 2: The decoration according to Item 1, wherein a part of the transmissive layer is bonded to the color surface layer. Item 3: The decorative body according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the transmissive layer is joined to the color surface layer in the partial region. Item 4: According to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein at least a part of the partial region not having the auxiliary color surface layer, including the portion where the auxiliary color layer is visible, is in contact with an end portion of the decorative body on a plane perpendicular to the lamination direction. decoration (including the embodiment as shown in FIG. 7b). Item 5: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the color surface layer and the auxiliary color surface layer partially overlap in the lamination direction. Item 6: Item wherein the color surface layer of the overlapping partial region is continuous with the color surface layer other than the overlapping partial region, and the auxiliary color surface layer of the overlapping partial region is continuous with the auxiliary color surface layer other than the overlapping partial region. 5. The decorative body according to 5. Item 7: The coloring agent is flaky, the maximum length of the coloring agent is 0.02 mm or more, and the maximum length of at least a part of the coloring agent is the midpoint of the maximum length. Item 7. The decorative body according to any one of items 1 to 6, wherein the diameter of the cross section passing through and perpendicular to the direction of the maximum length is five times or more the shortest length passing through the midpoint. Item 8: According to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein a part of the partial region not having the colored layer has the colored layer, and the colored layer of the partial region not having the colored layer is visible through the transmission portion. decoration (removed part P). Item 9: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the colored layer and the colored layer sandwich a transparent layer different from the transparent layer. Item 10: The auxiliary color layer and the colored layer are joined at their ends in each direction perpendicular to the lamination direction, or the color layer and at least one of the auxiliary color layer or the colored layer Item 10. The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 9, which is at least one of joined at the vertical plane. Item 11: Items 1 to 1, wherein the color surface layer and the auxiliary color surface layer have different positions in the stacking direction, and are not continuous with each other or have a joint portion between them. 11. The decorative body according to any one of 10. Item 12: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 11, wherein the color surface layer has a luminous transmittance of 50% or less. Item 13: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 12, which has an adhesive layer between the color surface layer and another layer. Item 14: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 13, wherein the decoration is plate-shaped. Item 15: The decorative body according to any one of Items 1 to 14, wherein the permeable layer and another layer in contact with the permeable layer in the non-having partial region are chemical diffusion bonded. Item 16: The decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 15, wherein a part of the non-having partial region has at least one shape of characters, logos, figures, and patterns.

本発明の別の態様は、材料を切断する切断部と、複数の材料を接合する貼合部と、を有し、項1~16の何れかに記載の装飾体を製造する装飾体製造装置である。また別の態様は、材料を切断する切断工程と、複数の材料を接合する貼合工程と、を有し、項1~16の何れかに記載の装飾体を製造する装飾体製造方法である。 Another aspect of the present invention is a decoration manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 16, which has a cutting section for cutting materials and a bonding section for bonding a plurality of materials. is. Yet another aspect is a decoration manufacturing method for manufacturing the decoration according to any one of Items 1 to 16, comprising a cutting step of cutting a material and a bonding step of bonding a plurality of materials. .

本発明に係る装飾体では、着色剤が意図された部分のみに表示される。 In the decorative body according to the present invention, the coloring agent is displayed only on the intended portion.

各実施形態に係る装飾体製造装置の構成例を示す図A diagram showing a configuration example of a decoration manufacturing apparatus according to each embodiment 各実施形態に係る装飾体製造方法のフローチャート例Flowchart example of decoration manufacturing method according to each embodiment 第1の実施形態に係る装飾体の例の断面図Sectional drawing of the example of the decoration which concerns on 1st Embodiment 第2の実施形態に係る装飾体の例の断面図Sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the second embodiment 第2・3・4の実施形態に係る装飾体の例の正面図Front view of examples of decorations according to the second, third, and fourth embodiments 第3の実施形態に係る装飾体の例の断面図(図5bのX-Y線断面)Cross-sectional view of an example of the decorative body according to the third embodiment (cross-section taken along line XY in FIG. 5b) 第4の実施形態に係る装飾体の例の断面図(図5bのX-Y線断面)Cross-sectional view of an example of the decorative body according to the fourth embodiment (cross-section taken along line XY in FIG. 5b) 第5の実施形態に係る装飾体の例の断面図Sectional view of an example of a decorative body according to the fifth embodiment

《第1の実施形態》
以下、図1及び図2を参照して、第1の実施形態等に係る装飾体製造装置40の構成及び動作の例を説明する。装飾体製造装置40は、例えば色面層切断部41・色面層接合部42・塗布部44・貼合部45を具える。第1の実施形態等に係る装飾体製造方法は、例えば色面層切断工程S41・色面層接合工程S42・塗布工程S44・貼合工程S46を含む。なお本明細書等においてAがBを「含む」とは、AがB以外を含まない場合を排除しない。各部又は各工程の順序は変更可能である。各部又は各工程が他の各部又は各工程を含んでもよい。各部又は各工程の一部が繰り返されてもよく、省略されてもよい。洗浄等の既知の他の部工程が適宜追加されてもよい。また、本明細書等は例えば表面部F側と記載するが、この○○側とは、○○と○○に対向する別の部分との位置関係において○○の方向であることを示す。例えば、図4bの色面層Uは装飾体Dにおけるz方向(積層方向)の中心を基準として表面部Fに近く裏面部Rとは反対の箇所に位置する。この場合、色面層Uは「表面部F側」である。また、以下の説明は第2・3の実施形態にもあてはまる。
<<1st Embodiment>>
Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, an example of the configuration and operation of the decoration manufacturing apparatus 40 according to the first embodiment and the like will be described. The decoration manufacturing apparatus 40 includes, for example, a color layer cutting section 41, a color layer joining section 42, an application section 44, and a bonding section 45. As shown in FIG. The decoration manufacturing method according to the first embodiment and the like includes, for example, a color layer cutting step S41, a color layer joining step S42, a coating step S44, and a bonding step S46. In this specification and the like, A "includes" B does not exclude the case where A does not include anything other than B. The order of each part or each step can be changed. Each part or each step may include other parts or steps. Each part or part of each step may be repeated or omitted. Other known steps, such as washing, may be added as appropriate. Also, in this specification and the like, for example, the surface portion F side is described, but this XX side indicates the direction of XX in terms of the positional relationship between XX and another portion facing XX. For example, the color surface layer U in FIG. 4B is located near the surface portion F and opposite to the back surface portion R with respect to the center of the decoration D in the z direction (laminating direction). In this case, the color surface layer U is on the "surface portion F side". The following description also applies to the second and third embodiments.

材料板20は加工後の装飾体Dで扁平着色層M・被覆層T等となる。材料板20は特に制限されないが、ABS・セルロースアセテート・エポキシ・ポリカーボネート(PC)・ポリエチレン・ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)・PLA・アクリル(PMMA)又は(メタ)アクリレート(アクリレート及びメタクリレートを含む)系・ポリオレフィン・ポリプロピレン・ポリスチレン・ポリウレタン・ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)・シリコーン・不飽和ポリエステル等の各種樹脂やガラス等からなる板状体でもよい。材料板20は、追加工の容易さから熱可塑性樹脂でもよく、透過性や寸法精度から非晶性樹脂でもよい。本発明に係る装飾体は、屋外等に設置される場合には、自立でき、たわみにくく、傷がつきにくいことが望ましい。ゆえに、材料板20が樹脂である場合には硬質樹脂でもよい。硬質樹脂とは、JIS K 7161-1等に記載のように、曲げ弾性率が700MPaを超える樹脂である。なお軟質樹脂の曲げ弾性率は700MPa以下である。扁平着色層M等や装飾体Dはさらに変形しにくくてもよく、その曲げ弾性率は、好ましくは1000以上・より好ましくは1500以上・さらに好ましくは2000以上・一層好ましくは2500ないし3000以上であり、割れにくさや加工適性から好ましくは20000以下・より好ましくは10000以下・さらに好ましくは5000以下である。例えば市販のPMMA板はこれらの条件を満たす。材料板20が、樹脂以外であってこれらの条件を満たしてもよい。ただし、室内用等では、材料板20はフィルム状でもよく、その曲げ弾性率等は制限されない。曲げ弾性率の数値は、単位をMPaとし、基本的にはJIS K 7171・K 7203又はISO178等に記載の方法により測定される。測定には、株式会社島津製作所製のAG-100kNXplusのような万能試験機等の測定装置が用いられる。測定の試験片は、本来は上記規格が定める形状及び寸法通りに作製されるべきである。しかし、実際の装飾体Dの各部から、上記規格の定め通りの試験片を作成することは困難な場合がある。そのようなやむを得ない場合には、測定値は、近似的な測定方法による測定値でもよく、当該材料板20と同じ又は同様の製品について製造元が公表している測定値ないし公称値でもよい。また、本明細書での数値の測定方法は、原則として本発明出願時の最新版JIS及びISOの対応する記載に準拠し、当該JIS等の規定に適合せず、本明細書に記載がない事項については本発明出願時の技術常識に準拠する。以下の他の測定項目に関しても同様である。 The material plate 20 becomes the flat colored layer M, the coating layer T, and the like in the decorative body D after processing. Although the material plate 20 is not particularly limited, ABS, cellulose acetate, epoxy, polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PLA, acrylic (PMMA) or (meth)acrylate (including acrylate and methacrylate), polyolefin A plate-like body made of glass or various resins such as polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), silicone, and unsaturated polyester may be used. The material plate 20 may be made of a thermoplastic resin for ease of additional processing, or an amorphous resin for transparency and dimensional accuracy. When the decorative body according to the present invention is installed outdoors or the like, it is desirable that it can stand on its own, is resistant to bending, and is resistant to damage. Therefore, if the material plate 20 is made of resin, it may be made of hard resin. A hard resin is a resin having a flexural modulus of more than 700 MPa as described in JIS K 7161-1 or the like. The bending elastic modulus of the soft resin is 700 MPa or less. The flat colored layer M and the like and the decorative body D may be more difficult to deform, and their bending elastic modulus is preferably 1000 or more, more preferably 1500 or more, still more preferably 2000 or more, and still more preferably 2500 to 3000 or more. , preferably 20,000 or less, more preferably 10,000 or less, and even more preferably 5,000 or less in terms of resistance to cracking and workability. For example, commercially available PMMA plates meet these conditions. The material plate 20 may be made of a material other than resin and satisfy these conditions. However, for indoor use, etc., the material plate 20 may be in the form of a film, and its flexural modulus and the like are not limited. The flexural modulus is measured in units of MPa, basically according to the method described in JIS K 7171/K 7203, ISO 178, or the like. For the measurement, a measuring device such as a universal testing machine such as AG-100kNXplus manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation is used. The test piece for measurement should originally be made according to the shape and dimensions specified by the above standards. However, it may be difficult to prepare a test piece according to the above standard from each part of the actual decorative body D. In such unavoidable cases, the measured value may be a measured value by an approximate measuring method, or a measured value or a nominal value published by the manufacturer for the same or similar product as the material plate 20 in question. In addition, the method of measuring numerical values in this specification is in principle in accordance with the corresponding descriptions of the latest version of JIS and ISO at the time of filing of the present invention, and does not conform to the provisions of the JIS, etc., and is not described in this specification. Matters conform to the common general technical knowledge as of the filing of the present invention. The same applies to other measurement items below.

本発明に係る装飾体Dでは、扁平着色層M等は透過性を有してもよく、有さなくてもよい。透過性とは光学的な透過性であり、無色透明(可視光線全域に対して透過性を有する)と有色透明(可視光線のうち一部の帯域と別の帯域とで透過性が異なる)の両方を含む。扁平着色層M・透過部L・被覆層T・接着層A・裏打ち層K等の全光線透過率(JIS K 7375、一部はISO 13468-1等、ただし試料が有彩色でもよい)は、好ましくは70%以上・より好ましくは80%以上・さらに好ましくは85%以上・一層好ましくは90%以上である。上限は100%でもよい。また、有色透明の場合、分光透過率における400~780nm(前数値以上後数値以下を示す。以下同様である)の範囲内での波長間の透過率の差が、好ましくは10%以上・より好ましくは20%以上・さらに好ましくは30%以上・一層好ましくは40%以上でもよい(有色不透明の場合、波長間の分光反射率の差が同様である。また不透明な板は、観察者に対しその板を挟んだ向こう側の像を観察させない。不透明の場合、全光線透過率が好ましくは30%以下・より好ましくは10%以下・さらに好ましくは5%以下である)。上限は100%でもよいが、蛍光色の場合100%を超えることもある。加えて、一部の波長において透過率が好ましくは50%以上・より好ましくは70%以上・さらに好ましくは80%以上でもよい。これらの条件は色面層U・被覆層T等に適用されてもよい。分光透過率の測定は株式会社島津製作所製SolidSpec 3700DUV等の分光光度計等によってもよく、依頼試験でもよい。なお、本明細書において依頼試験とは地方独立行政法人東京都立産業技術研究センターへの依頼試験を指す。あるいは、測色には例えばコニカミノルタ株式会社製CM‐5等の分光測色計やCR‐5等の色彩色差計が用いられるが、測色範囲が狭い等の理由で測定が困難な場合には、基準となる試験片との目視比較が併用されてもよい。また、本明細書において、数値範囲の上限ないし下限は、より高性能の材料及び加工方法が開発される可能性があるので、特に定めないことがある。装飾体Dでは光の拡散が低い方がいい場合があるので、扁平着色層M・透過部L・被覆層T・接着層A・裏打ち層K及び溝部Vの側面のヘーズ(JIS K 7136又はISO 14782等)は、好ましくは0~5%・より好ましくは0~2%・さらに好ましくは0~1%である。全光線透過率及びヘーズの測定は日本電色工業株式会社製NDH 5000等のヘーズメーター等によってもよく、依頼試験でもよい。なお、本明細書において色とは、色相・彩度・明度・透過率・ヘーズ・屈折率・反射率等の光学的ないし視覚的要素を含む。接合された2つの材料が何れも無色透明であっても、屈折率等が異なり、それらの接合部分が識別可能であれば、それらは互いに異なる色である。 In the decorative body D according to the present invention, the flat colored layer M and the like may or may not have transparency. Transmittance is optical transparency, and it is colorless and transparent (having transparency to the entire visible light range) and colored transparency (transmitting a part of the visible light band and another band). Including both. The total light transmittance (JIS K 7375, partly ISO 13468-1, etc., but the sample may be chromatic) of the flat colored layer M, the transmitting part L, the coating layer T, the adhesive layer A, the backing layer K, etc. It is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, still more preferably 85% or more, and still more preferably 90% or more. The upper limit may be 100%. In the case of colored transparent, the difference in transmittance between wavelengths in the range of 400 to 780 nm in spectral transmittance (showing the preceding numerical value and the following numerical value; the same applies hereinafter) is preferably 10% or more. It is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, and even more preferably 40% or more (in the case of colored opaque, the difference in spectral reflectance between wavelengths is the same. The image on the other side of the plate is not observed.If the plate is opaque, the total light transmittance is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and even more preferably 5% or less.). The upper limit may be 100%, but may exceed 100% in the case of fluorescent colors. In addition, the transmittance at some wavelengths may be preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and even more preferably 80% or more. These conditions may be applied to the color surface layer U, the coating layer T, and the like. The spectral transmittance may be measured by a spectrophotometer such as SolidSpec 3700DUV manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, or by a request test. In this specification, the term “testing requested” refers to testing requested by the Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Center. Alternatively, for colorimetry, for example, a spectrophotometer such as CM-5 manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd. or a color difference meter such as CR-5 is used, but when measurement is difficult due to reasons such as a narrow colorimetric range. may be used in combination with a visual comparison with a reference test piece. Also, in this specification, the upper and lower limits of the numerical range may not be particularly defined because higher performance materials and processing methods may be developed. In some cases, it is better that the light diffusion is low in the decorative body D, so the haze of the flat colored layer M, the transparent part L, the coating layer T, the adhesive layer A, the backing layer K, and the side surface of the groove V (JIS K 7136 or ISO 14782 etc.) is preferably 0 to 5%, more preferably 0 to 2%, and still more preferably 0 to 1%. The total light transmittance and haze may be measured using a haze meter such as NDH 5000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd., or may be a request test. In this specification, color includes optical or visual factors such as hue, saturation, brightness, transmittance, haze, refractive index, and reflectance. Even if the two materials that are bonded are both colorless and transparent, if they have different refractive indexes and the like and their bonded portions are identifiable, they have different colors.

材料板20・扁平着色層M・装飾体Dの厚さは特に制限されないが、入手・加工の容易さから例えば1mm~30mmでもよく、さらに薄いフィルムも含めて0.5mm以上・0.2mm以上でもよく、100mm以下でもよい。厚さはノギス等で測定可能である。フィルムや薄膜等の場合、主走査光学解像度4000dpi以上のフラットベッドスキャナ(セイコーエプソン株式会社製のGT‐X980等)による試験片のスキャン画像のピクセル数から測定可能である。スキャン時には自動シャープネスを最大とする。試験片は必要に応じて加工され、測定部分がスキャンガラス面に密着するのが望ましい。光学的歪みの低減のため、主走査方向の中央部分での測定が望ましい。この測定は株式会社トプコン製のTUM-220EH等の工具顕微測定機・Carl Zeiss製O‐INSPECT 543等のマルチセンサ・OGP社製Smart Scope Vantage 300等のレーザ測定機によってもよく、依頼試験でもよい。破壊・移動できない試験片の各部寸法等は、試験片と定規等の撮影画像からも概算可能である。また、装飾体Dは平面的板状体でもよく、曲面状・球状・立方体状・円柱状・多角柱状等様々な形状でもよく、そのサイズも自由である。装飾体製造装置40が装飾体Dを曲げ加工してもよい。装飾体Dが楔状で、表面部Fが裏面部Rに平行でなくてもよい。 The thickness of the material plate 20, the flat colored layer M, and the decorative body D is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 mm to 30 mm due to ease of acquisition and processing, and 0.5 mm or more and 0.2 mm or more including thin films. , or 100 mm or less. The thickness can be measured with a vernier caliper or the like. In the case of film, thin film, etc., it can be measured from the number of pixels of the scanned image of the test piece with a flatbed scanner (such as GT-X980 manufactured by Seiko Epson Corporation) with a main scanning optical resolution of 4000 dpi or more. Maximize auto sharpness when scanning. It is desirable that the test piece is processed as necessary so that the measurement portion is in close contact with the scan glass surface. Measurement in the central portion in the main scanning direction is desirable in order to reduce optical distortion. This measurement may be performed by a tool microscope measuring machine such as TUM-220EH manufactured by Topcon Co., Ltd., a multi-sensor such as O-INSPECT 543 manufactured by Carl Zeiss, a laser measuring machine such as Smart Scope Vantage 300 manufactured by OGP, or a request test. . The dimensions of each part of the test piece that cannot be destroyed or moved can be roughly estimated from the photographed images of the test piece and a ruler. Moreover, the decorative body D may be a planar plate-like body, or may be of various shapes such as curved, spherical, cubic, cylindrical, and polygonal columnar shapes, and its size is also free. The decoration manufacturing apparatus 40 may bend the decoration D. The decorative body D may be wedge-shaped and the front surface portion F may not be parallel to the rear surface portion R.

色面層切断部41は、例えば、文字・ロゴ・図形・模様等の画像30のデータに基づき、色面層材料22を切断してもよい(S41)。色面層材料22は制限されないが、典型的には株式会社中川ケミカル・トーヨーケム株式会社・桜井株式会社・3M Company・リンテック株式会社・ORAFOL等製のマーキングフィルムやその他のフィルムでもよく、より厚い樹脂板や、金属板・金属箔、紙等でもよい。色面層材料22の色は制限されない。色面層材料22の色は扁平着色層M等と実用上同じ色でもよく、別の色であれば、色面層Uが文字等を表示できる。実用上同じ色とは、マンセル表色系(D65)において色相・彩度・明度の差が何れも2ステップ以下かつ屈折率の差が0.5以下、特記時には1又は0.5ステップ以下かつ屈折率の差が0.2以下のことである。2色の差がこれらの少なくとも何れかを超える場合、その2色は実用上異なる色である。さらに被覆層Tがあれば、溝部Vや色面層Uが透明体に封入され浮いているかのように見える。色面層切断部41は、例えばCPUや記憶装置等を内蔵する既知のコンピュータを具え、読み込んだ画像30に応じて加工装置を制御する。色面層切断部41は、PVC等のフィルムを株式会社ミマキエンジニアリング製等のカッティングプロッタやNCルータで切断してもよく、オレフィン系・PMMA(アクリル)系等のフィルムをレーザ加工機で切断してもよい。マーキングフィルムの多くの厚さは、好ましくは10~400μm・より好ましくは20~200μm・さらに好ましくは40~150μmであり、扁平着色層M又は装飾体Dの厚さの好ましくは1/5~1/2000・より好ましくは1/10~1/1000・さらに好ましくは1/20~1/500・一層好ましくは1/40~1/250である。 The color layer cutting unit 41 may cut the color layer material 22 based on the data of the image 30 such as characters, logos, graphics, patterns, etc. (S41). The color surface layer material 22 is not limited, but may typically be a marking film or other film manufactured by Nakagawa Chemical Co., Ltd., Toyochem Co., Ltd., Sakurai Co., Ltd., 3M Company, Lintec Co., Ltd., ORAFOL, etc., and may be a thicker resin. A plate, a metal plate/metal foil, paper, or the like may be used. The color of the color surface layer material 22 is not restricted. The color of the color surface layer material 22 may be practically the same as the color of the flat colored layer M, etc. If it is a different color, the color surface layer U can display characters and the like. Practically the same color means that the difference in hue, saturation, and lightness is 2 steps or less in the Munsell color system (D65) and the difference in refractive index is 0.5 or less, and in particular, 1 or 0.5 steps or less and The refractive index difference is 0.2 or less. If the difference between the two colors exceeds at least one of these, the two colors are practically different colors. Furthermore, if there is a coating layer T, the grooves V and the color surface layer U are enclosed in a transparent body and appear to float. The color surface layer cutting unit 41 includes a known computer having a CPU, a storage device, etc., and controls the processing device according to the read image 30 . The colored surface layer cutting part 41 may cut a film such as PVC with a cutting plotter or an NC router manufactured by Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd., or cut an olefin-based or PMMA (acrylic)-based film with a laser processing machine. may The thickness of many marking films is preferably 10 to 400 μm, more preferably 20 to 200 μm, and even more preferably 40 to 150 μm, and preferably 1/5 to 1 of the thickness of the flat colored layer M or decoration D. /2000, more preferably 1/10 to 1/1000, more preferably 1/20 to 1/500, and still more preferably 1/40 to 1/250.

色面層接合部42は、色面層材料22を材料板20の所定位置に接合し、色面層Uとしてもよい(S42)。色面層材料22がマーキングフィルム等であれば、塗布済の粘着剤Bにより容易に接合可能である。接合は粘着剤B等による貼付等を含み、色面層Uが接した状態で固定されていれば接合されている。2層の接合は、それら2層が間に粘着層又は接着層を挟む場合を含む。色面層接合部42は、色面層Uを被覆層Tに接合してもよい。 The color surface layer joining part 42 may join the color surface layer material 22 to a predetermined position of the material plate 20 to form the color surface layer U (S42). If the color surface layer material 22 is a marking film or the like, it can be easily bonded with the adhesive B that has already been applied. Bonding includes sticking with an adhesive B or the like, and if the color surface layer U is fixed in contact, it is bonded. Bonding of two layers includes the case where the two layers sandwich an adhesive layer or adhesive layer therebetween. The color surface layer joining portion 42 may join the color surface layer U to the covering layer T. As shown in FIG.

溝加工部43は、レーザ加工又は切削加工・金型加工・射出成形・ウォーターカット・ワイヤーカット・3Dプリンティング等既知の加工を行う装置により、材料板20に溝部Vを形成してもよい(S43)。溝加工部43は、画像30に基づいて溝部Vを加工してもよい。溝部Vの断面形状は特に制限されず、楔状でもよく、平行四辺形や等脚台形等でもよい。溝部Vは、材料板20の表面部F又はそれと対向する裏面部Rの少なくとも一方の側に開口部を有してもよい。溝部Vは空隙でもよく、充填されてもよい。レーザ加工によってなる溝部Vの側面Nの算術平均粗さRは、好ましくは1以下・より好ましくは0.5以下・さらに好ましくは0.25以下、最大高さ粗さRが好ましくは4以下・より好ましくは2以下・さらに好ましくは1以下、下限は測定限界でもよい(JIS B 0601又はISO 4287等、単位はμm、後述の凹凸のためカットオフλcは通常は0.08mmでもよく、特に凹凸のピッチが大きい場合は0.25mmでもよい。基準長さlrも同様である。カットオフλsは最小又は2.5μmでもよい。Taylor-Hobson社製TALYSURF2等の表面粗さ測定機等で測定可能である)。側面Nには、融解した樹脂の流れによるとみられる、溝部Vの長さ方向に平行な複数の線状の凹凸と、その凹凸に垂直又はそれと70°から110°の角度をなす、レーザのパルスを反映した複数の凹凸とが形成されることが多い。後者は、レーザ出力・速度・周波数等により変動するが、通常50~2000μm・多くは100~1200μm・典型的には200~700μmピッチで、溝部Vの先端付近では算術平均うねりW又は最大高さうねりWが好ましくは0.3~16・より好ましくは0.5~8・さらに好ましくは1~4・一層好ましくは2~4である(JIS B 0601等)。これらは16以上でもよいが、最大でも幅w又はその1/2以下である。ピッチに応じてカットオフλcは0.08でもよく、0.25mmでもよく、凹凸のピッチが小さければ0.025mmでもよい。後者は、幅wの1/20~10倍・あるいは1/10~3倍・時に1/5~1倍のピッチで、1/4000~1/20倍・あるいは1/2000~1/50倍・時に1/1000~1/100倍の深さでもよい。前者及び後者は上記の互いに他方の深さ・ピッチと同じ範囲でもよい。また両者とも、凹凸の高さは、好ましくは1~40μm・より好ましくは2~20μm・さらに好ましくは4~10μmでもよい。凹凸のピッチは、表面うねり測定の解析曲線に現れる周期的凹凸の複数のピーク間距離の算術平均でもよく、その場合うねり測定の解析より101/2倍又は10倍大きい(小さい)カットオフλcを用いてもよい。 The groove processing unit 43 may form grooves V in the material plate 20 by a device that performs known processing such as laser processing, cutting, mold processing, injection molding, water cutting, wire cutting, and 3D printing (S43 ). The groove processing unit 43 may process the groove V based on the image 30 . The cross-sectional shape of the groove portion V is not particularly limited, and may be a wedge shape, a parallelogram, an isosceles trapezoid, or the like. The groove portion V may have an opening on at least one side of the front surface portion F of the material plate 20 or the rear surface portion R opposite thereto. The groove portion V may be a void or may be filled. The arithmetic average roughness Ra of the side surface N of the groove V formed by laser processing is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, and even more preferably 0.25 or less, and the maximum height roughness Rz is preferably 4. or less, more preferably 2 or less, more preferably 1 or less, the lower limit may be the measurement limit (such as JIS B 0601 or ISO 4287, the unit is μm, and the cutoff λc may be usually 0.08 mm due to unevenness described later, Especially when the pitch of the unevenness is large, it may be 0.25 mm.The same applies to the reference length lr.The cutoff λs may be the minimum or 2.5 μm.A surface roughness measuring machine such as TALYSURF2 manufactured by Taylor-Hobson Co. measurable). On the side surface N, there are a plurality of linear irregularities parallel to the length direction of the groove V, which are considered to be caused by the flow of the molten resin, and laser pulses perpendicular to the irregularities or forming an angle of 70° to 110° therewith. In many cases, a plurality of unevenness reflecting the surface is formed. The latter fluctuates depending on the laser output, speed, frequency, etc., but is usually 50 to 2000 μm, often 100 to 1200 μm, typically 200 to 700 μm pitch, and near the tip of the groove V, the arithmetic mean waviness W a or the maximum height Waviness W z is preferably 0.3 to 16, more preferably 0.5 to 8, still more preferably 1 to 4, still more preferably 2 to 4 (JIS B 0601, etc.). These may be 16 or more, but at most have a width w or less than half of it. Depending on the pitch, the cutoff λc may be 0.08, 0.25 mm, or 0.025 mm if the uneven pitch is small. The latter is 1/20 to 10 times, or 1/10 to 3 times, sometimes 1/5 to 1 times the width w, and 1/4000 to 1/20 times, or 1/2000 to 1/50 times.・Sometimes the depth may be 1/1000 to 1/100 times. The former and the latter may be in the same range as the depth/pitch of the other. In both cases, the height of the unevenness may be preferably 1 to 40 μm, more preferably 2 to 20 μm, still more preferably 4 to 10 μm. The pitch of the asperities may be the arithmetic mean of the peak-to-peak distances of the periodic asperities appearing in the analytical curve of the surface waviness measurement, in which case the cutoff λc is 10 1/2 times or 10 times larger (smaller) than the analysis of the waviness measurement. may be used.

扁平着色層M等のうち透過性を有する部分の屈折率をnとすると、前記透過性を有する部分が表面部・裏面部・溝部を有し、前記溝部の少なくとも一部において、溝部の少なくとも一部の各々の片側の前記複数の側面の一部である複数の第1の側面・それぞれ対応する該複数の第1の側面にそれぞれ対応する前記複数の溝間部の少なくとも一部を挟んでそれぞれ最も近くで向かい合う複数の第2の側面・前記複数の第1の側面における前記裏面部の少なくとも一部の側の複数の端部ごとの複数の第1の点・該複数の第1の点から前記表面部の少なくとも一部を含む面に下ろした垂線又は法線・それぞれ対応する前記複数の第2の側面の前記表面部の少なくとも一部の側の複数の端部におけるそれぞれ対応する前記垂線又は法線にそれぞれ最も近い複数の第2の点に関し、前記溝部の深さが、それぞれ対応する前記垂線又は法線とそれぞれ対応する前記複数の第2の点との最短距離のcot[arcsin(1/n)]倍未満(nは前記透過性を有する部分の屈折率)でもよい。屈折率は、アッベ屈折計等により測定可能である。アッベ屈折計は、例えば株式会社アタゴ製NAR‐1T SOLIDであり、ナトリウムD線、23±0.5℃で測定し、他詳細はJIS K 7142・一部はISO489等又は出願時の技術常識に準拠する。本明細書の他の箇所でも同様である。 Assuming that the refractive index of a portion having transparency in the flat colored layer M or the like is n, the portion having transparency has a front surface portion, a back surface portion, and a groove portion, and at least a portion of the groove portion has at least one of the groove portions. a plurality of first side surfaces that are part of the plurality of side surfaces on one side of each of the portions, and at least a portion of the plurality of inter-groove portions respectively corresponding to the corresponding plurality of first side surfaces, respectively a plurality of closest facing second side surfaces a plurality of first points for each of a plurality of edges of at least a portion of the back surface portion of the plurality of first side surfaces from the plurality of first points Perpendicular lines or normal lines drawn down to a plane including at least a part of the surface portion Corresponding perpendicular lines or normal lines at a plurality of ends of the corresponding plurality of second side surfaces on at least a portion of the surface portion Regarding the plurality of second points closest to the normal, the depth of the groove is cot[arcsin(1 /n)] times (n is the refractive index of the portion having transparency). The refractive index can be measured with an Abbe refractometer or the like. The Abbe refractometer is, for example, NAR-1T SOLID manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd., measured at sodium D line, 23 ± 0.5 ° C., and other details are JIS K 7142, partly ISO 489, etc. or common general knowledge at the time of filing Compliant. The same applies to other portions of this specification.

貼合部45は、色面層接合済の材料板20に別の材料板20を、例えばAIZ合同会社製のキレークレ‐502等の既知の接着剤で接合し、被覆層Tとしてもよい(S45)。被覆層Tは溝部Vを密封してもよい。接着剤によってなる接着層Aは、多くの場合に無色透明又は扁平着色層M等と実用上同じ色であるが、加飾目的に応じてそれら以外の色でもよい。なお、一部の図面の断面図は、接着層A・粘着剤Bを図示していないが、それらの装飾体Dも接着層A・粘着剤Bや被覆層Tを有する場合がある。被覆層Tは厚さが一定の板状体でもよく、その場合色面層Uの最も広い面は表面部Fに(被覆層Tや接着層Aの各部の厚さの差の範囲内で)平行である。被覆層Tの表面部F側が例えば凸状で、色面層Uの最も広い面が表面部Fに平行でなくてもよい。短期用途や屋内用途であれば、被覆層Tがなく色面層Uが露出してもよい。それによる面接着の工程の省略で、製造コストが低減される。この場合、表面部Fは色面層Uの側の露出部分であって、色面層U以外の部分である。被覆層Tを有する装飾体Dの表面部F及び裏面部Rは、被覆層T接着後の外側の露出面である。また、表面部Fと裏面部Rとは、互いに反転可能である。 The bonding unit 45 may bond another material plate 20 to the material plate 20 to which the color surface layer has been bonded with a known adhesive such as Kirekure-502 manufactured by AIZ LLC to form a coating layer T (S45 ). The covering layer T may seal the groove V. FIG. The adhesive layer A made of an adhesive is often colorless and transparent or practically the same color as the flat colored layer M or the like, but other colors may be used depending on the purpose of decoration. Note that the cross-sectional views of some of the drawings do not show the adhesive layer A and the adhesive B, but the decorative body D may also have the adhesive layer A, the adhesive B, and the coating layer T. The coating layer T may be a plate-shaped body having a constant thickness, in which case the widest surface of the color surface layer U is the surface portion F (within the range of the thickness difference between the coating layer T and the adhesive layer A). parallel. The surface portion F side of the coating layer T may be convex, for example, and the widest surface of the color surface layer U may not be parallel to the surface portion F. For short-term use or indoor use, the coating layer T may be absent and the color surface layer U may be exposed. Omitting the step of surface bonding thereby reduces the manufacturing cost. In this case, the surface portion F is an exposed portion on the side of the color layer U, and is a portion other than the color layer U. FIG. The front surface portion F and the rear surface portion R of the decoration D having the covering layer T are the exposed outer surfaces after the covering layer T is adhered. Also, the front surface portion F and the rear surface portion R can be reversed to each other.

被覆層Tのための材料板20は、無色透明で、段落0012の記載のように全光線透過率又は可視光線透過率が高い方がよいが、用途によっては有色透明でもよい。被覆層Tはなくてもよい。簡易的には、被覆層Tは厚さ0.5mm以下のPET等の薄い粘着性軟質フィルムでもよい。長期用途には、板状の被覆層Tが接合されるのがよい。板状の被覆層Tは装飾体Dを割れにくくする。平面的板状の被覆層Tが、扁平着色層Mの透過性を有する部分と同一・同種・類似の材質でより薄ければ物性が近いので好ましい。例えばPMMAのキャスト板と押出し板とは同一の材質ではないが、何れもPMMAであり、上記の各種樹脂のうちの同じ分類に属するので、同種である。また、硬質PVCとPMMAとが、近似した線膨張率であり、同じ溶剤により溶着可能であれば、その点でこれらは類似である。被覆層Tが接合されていることが、装飾体Dの端部Eに生じる0.01mm以上・0.03mm以上・0.1mm以上の段差によって明らかな場合がある。貼合部45等がUVプリンタ等により被覆層T・扁平着色層M・色面層U等にプリントしてもよい。あらかじめプリントされた材料がこれらに用いられてもよい。 The material plate 20 for the coating layer T is preferably colorless and transparent and has a high total light transmittance or visible light transmittance as described in paragraph 0012, but it may be colored and transparent depending on the application. The covering layer T may be omitted. For simplicity, the coating layer T may be a thin adhesive flexible film such as PET having a thickness of 0.5 mm or less. For long-term use, a plate-like covering layer T is preferably attached. The plate-like covering layer T makes the decorative body D difficult to crack. It is preferable if the planar plate-like coating layer T is made of the same, the same kind, or a similar material as the transparent portion of the flat colored layer M and is thinner, because the physical properties are similar. For example, a cast plate of PMMA and an extruded plate of PMMA are not the same material, but both are made of PMMA and belong to the same class among the various resins described above, so they are of the same type. Further, if rigid PVC and PMMA have similar coefficients of linear expansion and can be welded by the same solvent, they are similar in that respect. In some cases, it is clear that the covering layer T is joined by a step of 0.01 mm or more, 0.03 mm or more, or 0.1 mm or more, which occurs at the end E of the decorative body D. FIG. The bonding portion 45 and the like may be printed on the covering layer T, the flat colored layer M, the colored surface layer U, and the like using a UV printer or the like. Pre-printed materials may be used for these.

被覆層T・扁平着色層M・接着層Aの間の接合が物理的接合でなく、化学拡散接合でもよい。化学拡散接合では、互いの成分が溶け合いながら硬化する。あるいは、接着剤の一部が(メタ)アクリレート、特にメタクリル酸メチル(MMA)であれば、ABS・PC等の樹脂によってなる材料板20に対して溶解又は浸透しつつ重合する。それらの結果、接合面が明確な界面でなく、その両側の成分が互いに移動し混ざり合った連続部分となる。このような接合状態を、本明細書等では化学拡散接合と記載する。接着剤がMMAを含み、材料板20がPMMAであれば、重合によって一体化しやすく、さらに強い化学拡散接合となる場合がある。変性アクリレートでも同様の効果が得られることがある。それらの結果、接合面が明確な界面でなく、その両側の成分が互いに移動し混ざり合った連続部分となる。このような接合面が機械的に分離されると、界面で截然と剥離するのではなく、少なくとも一方が破壊される。つまり、接着強さが引張強さ等より大きく、分離しようとする応力が界面剥離(界面破壊)に代わり被着材の内部裂損に働くことで、被着材を凝集破壊する。接合面を強制分離した場合の表面では、おそらく応力が分散するため、波状の凹凸が発生することがある。この凹凸のピッチの範囲は、剥離物の厚さ等により変動するが、好ましくは50μm~2000μm・より好ましくは100μm~1000μm・さらに好ましくは200μm~500μm、又は好ましくは100μm~1500μm・より好ましくは300μm~1200μmである。化学拡散接合部分の剥離面には波状に限らず様々な形状の凹凸ができ、カットオフλc0.8mm・カットオフλs2.5μmでの算術平均粗さRは好ましくは1以上・より好ましくは3以上・さらに好ましくは5以上・一層好ましくは10以上、最大高さ粗さRが好ましくは5以上・より好ましくは12以上・さらに好ましくは25以上・一層好ましくは50以上である。そのカットオフλc0.08mm・カットオフλs0.25μmでのRは好ましくは0.25以上・より好ましくは0.5以上・さらに好ましくは1以上、Rが好ましくは0.5以上・より好ましくは1以上・さらに好ましくは2以上である。そのカットオフλc2.5mmでのRは好ましくは2以上・より好ましくは5以上・さらに好ましくは10以上、Rが好ましくは10以上・より好ましくは20以上・さらに好ましくは50以上である。そのカットオフλc0.08mmでのWは好ましくは5以上・より好ましくは10以上・さらに好ましくは15以上、Wは好ましくは2以上・より好ましくは5以上・さらに好ましくは10以上である。何れも最大は板厚相当である。 The bonding between the coating layer T, the flat colored layer M and the adhesive layer A may be chemical diffusion bonding instead of physical bonding. In chemical diffusion bonding, the components harden while being melted together. Alternatively, if part of the adhesive is (meth)acrylate, especially methyl methacrylate (MMA), it polymerizes while dissolving or penetrating the material plate 20 made of resin such as ABS/PC. As a result, the joint surface is not a distinct interface, but a continuous portion in which the components on both sides move and mix with each other. Such a bonding state is referred to as chemical diffusion bonding in this specification and the like. If the adhesive contains MMA and the material plate 20 is PMMA, it may be easily integrated by polymerization, resulting in stronger chemical diffusion bonding. A similar effect may be obtained with modified acrylates. As a result, the joint surface is not a distinct interface, but a continuous portion in which the components on both sides move and mix with each other. When such mating surfaces are mechanically separated, at least one is destroyed rather than abruptly delaminating at the interface. In other words, the adhesive strength is greater than the tensile strength, and the stress that causes separation works instead of interfacial peeling (interfacial failure) to cause internal tearing of the adherend, resulting in cohesive failure of the adherend. On the surface when the joint surfaces are forcibly separated, wavy unevenness may occur, probably due to the dispersion of stress. The pitch range of the unevenness varies depending on the thickness of the peeled material, etc., but is preferably 50 μm to 2000 μm, more preferably 100 μm to 1000 μm, further preferably 200 μm to 500 μm, or more preferably 100 μm to 1500 μm, more preferably 300 μm. ˜1200 μm. On the peeled surface of the chemical diffusion bonding part, unevenness of various shapes is formed, not limited to wavy shapes, and the arithmetic mean roughness Ra at a cutoff λc of 0.8 mm and a cutoff λs of 2.5 μm is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 3. The maximum height roughness Rz is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 12 or more, still more preferably 25 or more, and still more preferably 50 or more. Ra at a cutoff λc of 0.08 mm and a cutoff λs of 0.25 μm is preferably 0.25 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, still more preferably 1 or more, and Rz is preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably is 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more. Ra at the cutoff λc of 2.5 mm is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 5 or more, still more preferably 10 or more, and Rz is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 20 or more, further preferably 50 or more. W a at the cutoff λc of 0.08 mm is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, still more preferably 15 or more, and Wz is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 5 or more, still more preferably 10 or more. The maximum value of each is equivalent to the plate thickness.

扁平着色層Mは扁平着色剤Cを含む。扁平着色剤Cは特に限定されないが、例えばアルミニウム・酸化アルミニウム・チタン・酸化チタン・金・銀・銅・ニッケル・コバルト・鉄・クロム・スズ・亜鉛・インジウム・二酸化ケイ素のうち少なくとも何れかを含んでもよく、さらに樹脂等の被膜を外側に有してもよく、ガラスや樹脂の薄片やフィルムでもよく、さらに上記金属等の被膜を外側に有してもよく、マイカ・合成マイカでもよい。金属を含むグリッターは、主として金属による正反射である金属光沢を呈し、他の部分とは大きく異なる色や輝きを放つ。これが加飾性を向上させる。グリッターの金属光沢は、光源方向の変化に伴って各微小部分の反射光が見えたり見えなかったりすることで識別可能である。また金属光沢では、反射光が偏光しないので、偏光フィルタを通した観察時に偏光フィルタの角度が変化しても反射状態が変化しない。金属光沢は、この特徴により、樹脂・ガラス等の反射とは区別される。扁平着色剤Cはグリッターに限られず、正方形・長方形等に裁断された色つきフィルムでもよい。扁平着色剤Cは一般の顔料でもよいが、より大きく扁平な薄片であれば視認性が向上する。この薄片の最大の長さlCは、視認性のため、好ましくは0.02mm以上・より好ましくは0.05mm以上・さらに好ましくは0.1mm以上・一層好ましくは0.2mm以上・より一層好ましくは0.4mm以上でもよい。上限は制限されないが、この長さが接着層Aの厚さに対して大きいほど、複数の扁平着色剤C粒子の方向が揃って一律の反射状態を呈することがある。多様な方向への反射効果のためには、少なくとも一部の最大長さlCは、好ましくは40mm以下・より好ましくは20mm以下・さらに好ましくは10mm以下でもよい。図3a・4aに示すように、扁平着色剤Cにおいて、最大長さlCの中点を通り最大長さlCの方向に直交する断面の径のうち前記中点を通る最も短い長さを厚さtCとすると、最大長さlC/厚さtCは5以上が好ましく、10以上がより好ましく、20以上がさらに好ましく、40以上が一層好ましい。扁平着色剤Cが湾曲している場合、厚さtCは湾曲量を含む差し渡し長ではなく、扁平着色剤C本体の厚さである。扁平着色剤Cにおいて、最大の長さlC及び厚さtCの両方向に垂直な方向の長さは、厚さtCの好ましくは2倍以上・より好ましくは4倍以上・さらに好ましくは8倍以上でもよい。これらの測定は走査型電子顕微鏡等で試料を各方向から観察して行ってもよく、段落0013のスキャナを使用する方法等と同様でもよい。 The flat colored layer M contains a flat coloring agent C. The flat colorant C is not particularly limited, but includes at least one of aluminum, aluminum oxide, titanium, titanium oxide, gold, silver, copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, chromium, tin, zinc, indium, and silicon dioxide. Further, it may have a film such as resin on the outside, it may be a thin piece or film of glass or resin, it may further have a film such as the above metal on the outside, or it may be mica or synthetic mica. Glitter containing metal mainly exhibits metallic luster, which is specular reflection by the metal, and emits a color and shine that are significantly different from those of other parts. This improves the decorativeness. The metallic luster of the glitter can be discerned by the visible or invisible reflection of each minute portion as the direction of the light source changes. In addition, since reflected light is not polarized with metallic luster, the reflection state does not change even if the angle of the polarizing filter changes during observation through the polarizing filter. Metallic luster is distinguished from the reflection of resin, glass, etc. by this feature. The flat colorant C is not limited to glitter, and may be a colored film cut into squares, rectangles, or the like. The flat colorant C may be a general pigment, but the visibility is improved if the flakes are larger and flatter. For visibility, the maximum length lC of the flake is preferably 0.02 mm or more, more preferably 0.05 mm or more, still more preferably 0.1 mm or more, still more preferably 0.2 mm or more, and even more preferably It may be 0.4 mm or more. Although the upper limit is not limited, the longer the length is with respect to the thickness of the adhesive layer A, the more flat colorant C particles may be oriented and exhibit a uniform reflection state. For reflective effects in multiple directions, the maximum length lC of at least some may preferably be 40 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less, even more preferably 10 mm or less. As shown in FIGS. 3a and 4a, in the flat colorant C, the shortest length passing through the midpoint of the diameter of the cross section passing through the midpoint of the maximum length lC and orthogonal to the direction of the maximum length lC is defined as the thickness. Assuming tC, the ratio of maximum length lC/thickness tC is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, still more preferably 20 or more, and even more preferably 40 or more. When the flat colorant C is curved, the thickness tC is the thickness of the main body of the flat colorant C, not the span length including the amount of curvature. In the flat colorant C, the length in the direction perpendicular to both the maximum length lC and the thickness tC is preferably 2 times or more, more preferably 4 times or more, and even more preferably 8 times or more of the thickness tC. good. These measurements may be performed by observing the sample from each direction with a scanning electron microscope or the like, or may be performed in the same manner as the method using a scanner in paragraph 0013.

扁平着色層Mのうち扁平着色剤C以外の部分である透過部Lは、段落0012に記載の全光線透過率の条件を満たしてもよい。透過部Lの視感透過率(D65、又は視感透過率τV:JIS T 7333/ISO8980-3・分光透過率におけるある波長帯の透過率・全光線透過率・拡散光線透過率・平行光線透過率)は、好ましくは50%以上・より好ましくは60%以上・さらに好ましくは70%以上・一層好ましくは80%以上でもよい(CM‐5、10°視野、D65、00全透過又は特記の場合正透過近似、自動校正又は0校正・100校正後の測定。本明細書の他の箇所での同種の測定でも基本的に同様である。視感透過率はCM‐5によって測定されたYxy又はXYZのY値とする)。ただし、扁平着色層Mが扁平着色剤Cを大量に含む場合、透過率が不均等であるため、これらの測定が難しいことや、測定値が実際の透過率を反映していないことがある。その場合、透過率が均等な標本体との目視比較でもよい。扁平着色剤Cの光輝性は、背景となる低透過層Qとのコントラストによって最大化する。よって、扁平着色剤Cが扁平着色層Mを埋め尽くし、後述の低透過層Qを遮蔽してしまうのは望ましくないことがある。その場合、扁平着色層Mにおける扁平着色剤Cが占める部分の割合は、好ましくは2~80%・より好ましくは4~70%・さらに好ましくは8~60%である。ただし、装飾体Dが低透過層Qを有さない場合等には、この割合が80%を超えてもよい。測定は、低透過層Qを除去した扁平着色層Mの透過光源によるスキャン画像を対象とする。画像は正方形でグレースケールのポジ画像、シャープネスなし、最大長さlCが画像の1辺の1/10ないし1/20に近くなるような画像解像度に設定される。スキャン時のトーンカーブはリニアとし(又はガンマ値1)、透過部分の最も明るい画素が100%明度、扁平着色剤Cの最も暗い画素が0%明度となるようなリニアのトーンカーブで、この画像がトーン変換される。さらにこの画像が、50%を閾値として2階調化される。この画像における黒の割合が、求める割合である。ただし、この測定方法では、扁平着色剤Cが小さいほど、その面積に対する輪郭長の比率が大きくなるので、光源からのフレアの影響が大きく、扁平着色剤Cの割合が実際より小さく反映される傾向がある。そのために、上記のような、比率が小さい側に広い範囲となっている。装飾体製造装置40は、扁平着色剤CをMMA等の透過部Lの材料に散布・混錬して、キャスト製法等の既知の工程で材料板20を製造してもよい。図3aのように扁平着色層Mがさらに表面部F側の層を有さず表面部F側に露出していれば、扁平着色剤Cに入射し反射して観察者に届く光量の減衰が低減される。これにより扁平着色剤Cの光輝性効果が向上する。 The transmissive portion L, which is a portion of the flat colored layer M other than the flat coloring agent C, may satisfy the condition of the total light transmittance described in paragraph 0012. Luminous transmittance of the transmission part L (D65, or luminous transmittance τV: JIS T 7333 / ISO8980-3, transmittance of a certain wavelength band in spectral transmittance, total light transmittance, diffuse light transmittance, parallel light transmittance ratio) is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, still more preferably 70% or more, and even more preferably 80% or more (CM-5, 10° field of view, D65, 00 total transmission or in special cases Measurements after specular transmission approximation, auto-calibration, or calibrations of 0 and 100. Similar measurements elsewhere in this specification are essentially the same.Luminous transmittance is measured by CM-5 Yxy or Y value of XYZ). However, when the flat colored layer M contains a large amount of the flat coloring agent C, the transmittance is uneven, making it difficult to measure these, and the measured values may not reflect the actual transmittance. In that case, a visual comparison with a specimen having a uniform transmittance may be performed. The brilliance of the flat colorant C is maximized by contrast with the low-transmission layer Q serving as the background. Therefore, it may not be desirable for the flat colorant C to fill up the flat colored layer M and shield the low-transmittance layer Q, which will be described later. In that case, the ratio of the portion occupied by the flat coloring agent C in the flat colored layer M is preferably 2 to 80%, more preferably 4 to 70%, and even more preferably 8 to 60%. However, when the decoration D does not have the low-permeability layer Q, this ratio may exceed 80%. The target of the measurement is a scanned image of the flat colored layer M from which the low-transmitting layer Q has been removed, by a transmitted light source. The image is a square, grayscale positive image, no sharpness, and the image resolution is set such that the maximum length lC is close to 1/10 to 1/20 of a side of the image. The tone curve at the time of scanning is linear (or a gamma value of 1). is tone-converted. Further, this image is converted to two gradations with a threshold of 50%. The percentage of black in this image is the desired percentage. However, in this measurement method, the smaller the flat coloring agent C, the larger the ratio of the contour length to the area, so the flare from the light source has a greater influence, and the ratio of the flat coloring agent C tends to be reflected smaller than it actually is. There is Therefore, as described above, the range is wide on the side where the ratio is small. The decoration manufacturing apparatus 40 may scatter and knead the flat coloring agent C in the material of the transmission part L such as MMA, and manufacture the material plate 20 by a known process such as a casting method. If the flat colored layer M does not have a layer on the surface portion F side and is exposed on the surface portion F side as shown in FIG. reduced. Thereby, the glittering effect of the flat colorant C is improved.

また、それぞれの扁平着色剤Cの最も広い面がランダムに多様な方向を向いている方が、視点や光線の方向の変化に応じて異なる位置の扁平着色剤Cが順次明滅する効果が大きくなる。この度合を扁平方向乱雑率とし、好ましくは20%以上・より好ましくは30%以上・さらに好ましくは40%以上・一層好ましくは50%以上・より一層好ましくは60%以上・さらに一層好ましくは70%以上でもよい。最大は100%であるが、通常は、光らない扁平着色剤Cや両方向で光る扁平着色剤Cがあるため100%にはならない。扁平方向乱雑率は以下の方法で測定可能である。低透過層Qを除去した扁平着色層Mの表面部F側の任意の点に対し、z負(正)方向の同じ位置から、同じ撮影範囲で同画素数の5点の画像が撮影される。その際、最大長さlCが画像の短辺の1/10ないし1/20に近く、かつ露光面中心から前記短辺を見込む角度が12°になるよう焦点距離・撮影距離・画面の範囲が調整される。5点の画像A・B・C・D・Eは、それぞれ異なる照明条件で撮影される。うちA・B・C・Dは、撮影対象中心に下した垂線に対して45°の斜め方向であって、z方向から見た時に互いに垂直又は平行(反対)であるような4方向から(例えばA:上・B:下・C:左・D:右の各斜め方向から)、充分な大きさの面光源で照射して撮影される。光源は1灯等の減衰がなだらかな照明で、照明面内の輝度差が1/10以下になるような距離に設置されてもよい。扁平着色層Mの背景は無反射布等の充分に低反射の面である。Eは背景側から拡散光線で照射される。5点とも同じ露光条件となるよう光量が調整される。5点とも上記の要領で2階調化される。z方向から見た時に照射方向が互いに反対の2点の画像の2組に対し、それぞれの差分成分を加算して2点の画像とする。この2点の画像の差分が合算された成分の、扁平着色剤Cの全成分に対する割合が、求める値である。つまりそれは、A及びBを差の絶対値モードで重ねた画像並びにC及びDを同様に重ねた画像を合成した画像における差分の合計の画素数(重複する部分は含まない)を、Cの黒の画素数で除した商の百分率表示である。 In addition, when the widest surface of each flat colorant C is randomly oriented in various directions, the effect of sequentially blinking the flat colorants C at different positions according to changes in the viewpoint and the direction of the light is enhanced. . This degree is defined as a flat direction randomness rate, preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, still more preferably 40% or more, even more preferably 50% or more, even more preferably 60% or more, and even more preferably 70% It can be more than that. The maximum is 100%, but usually it does not reach 100% because there are flat colorants C that do not shine and flat colorants C that shine in both directions. The flat direction randomness factor can be measured by the following method. For an arbitrary point on the surface portion F side of the flat colored layer M from which the low-transmittance layer Q has been removed, five images of the same number of pixels are photographed from the same position in the z negative (positive) direction in the same photographing range. . At that time, the focal length, the photographing distance, and the range of the screen are adjusted so that the maximum length lC is close to 1/10 to 1/20 of the short side of the image, and the angle of viewing the short side from the center of the exposure surface is 12°. adjusted. Five images A, B, C, D, and E are shot under different illumination conditions. Among them, A, B, C, and D are oblique directions at 45° to the perpendicular to the center of the object to be photographed, and from four directions that are perpendicular or parallel (opposite) to each other when viewed from the z direction ( For example, from each oblique direction of A: top, B: bottom, C: left, and D: right), the image is captured by illuminating with a sufficiently large surface light source. The light source may be illumination with gentle attenuation, such as one light, and may be installed at a distance such that the luminance difference in the illumination plane is 1/10 or less. The background of the flat colored layer M is a sufficiently low reflection surface such as non-reflection cloth. E is illuminated with diffuse light from the background side. The amount of light is adjusted so that all five points have the same exposure conditions. All five points are converted to two gradations in the manner described above. Difference components are added to two sets of images of two points whose irradiation directions are opposite to each other when viewed in the z-direction to obtain two images of two points. The ratio of the component obtained by adding the difference between the two images to the total component of the flat colorant C is the value to be obtained. In other words, it is the total number of pixels (not including overlapping parts) of the difference in an image obtained by combining an image in which A and B are superimposed in the absolute difference mode and an image in which C and D are similarly superimposed. is a percentage display of the quotient divided by the number of pixels.

本実施形態では、貼合部45は、扁平着色剤Cを含む扁平着色層Mの裏面部R側に透過性の低い低透過層Q等を接着層Aで接合してもよい。低透過層Qは白・黒等の様々な色でもよく、無色透明でもよく、扁平着色層Mとは異なる扁平着色剤Cを含んでもよい。低透過層Qは扁平着色層Mと同じ扁平着色剤Cを含んでもよく、全面で均等な金属光沢を有してもよい。その視感透過率(又は視感透過率τV・分光透過率におけるある波長帯の透過率・全光線透過率・拡散光線透過率・平行光線透過率)は、好ましくは30%以下・より好ましくは10%以下・さらに好ましくは5%以下・一層好ましくは3%以下でもよい。低透過層Qの全光線透過率は、好ましくは30%以下・より好ましくは10%以下・さらに好ましくは5%以下・一層好ましくは3%以下でもよい。なお、全光線透過率は一般に透明体の測定に用いられるが、この場合便宜的に不透明ないしそれに近い樹脂等の測定に準用される。低透過層QのLのL値が、好ましくは20以下・より好ましくは10以下・さらに好ましくは5以下・一層好ましくは2以下、又はマンセル表色系のV値で、好ましくは3以下・より好ましくは2以下・さらに好ましくは1以下であれば、扁平着色剤Cと背景とのコントラストが特に大きい(CM‐5、反射光測定、SCE、D65、10°視野)。低透過層Qは壁面・床面・卓上面等でもよい。装飾体Dの壁面等への設置方法は、接着剤だけでなく、ビス等の建築金物・装飾金物つまり金具(プラスチック・木等の非金属製品も含む)でもよい。これにより装飾体Dが壁面から浮いた状態で設置可能となる。扁平着色層M・低透過層Q・被覆層Tは段落0011に記載の材料板20の曲げ弾性率の範囲と同様でもよい。 In the present embodiment, the bonding section 45 may bond a low-transmittance layer Q or the like with an adhesive layer A to the rear surface portion R side of the flat colored layer M containing the flat coloring agent C. The low-transmittance layer Q may have various colors such as white and black, may be colorless and transparent, and may contain a flat colorant C different from the flat colored layer M. The low-transmittance layer Q may contain the same flat colorant C as the flat colored layer M, and may have a uniform metallic luster over the entire surface. The luminous transmittance (or luminous transmittance τV, transmittance in a certain wavelength band in spectral transmittance, total light transmittance, diffuse light transmittance, parallel light transmittance) is preferably 30% or less, more preferably It may be 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less, and even more preferably 3% or less. The total light transmittance of the low-transmitting layer Q is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 10% or less, still more preferably 5% or less, and even more preferably 3% or less. Incidentally, the total light transmittance is generally used for the measurement of a transparent body, but in this case, for the sake of convenience, it is applied mutatis mutandis to the measurement of an opaque or nearly opaque resin. The L value of L * a * b * of the low-permeability layer Q is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 10 or less, even more preferably 5 or less, still more preferably 2 or less, or a V value in the Munsell color system, preferably is 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less, still more preferably 1 or less, the contrast between flat colorant C and the background is particularly large (CM-5, reflected light measurement, SCE, D65, 10° field of view). The low-permeability layer Q may be a wall surface, a floor surface, a table surface, or the like. The method of installing the decorative body D on the wall or the like is not limited to adhesives, but construction hardware such as screws, decorative hardware, that is, metal fittings (including non-metallic products such as plastics and wood) may be used. As a result, the decorative body D can be installed in a state of floating from the wall surface. The flat colored layer M, the low-transmittance layer Q, and the covering layer T may have the same flexural modulus range as that of the material plate 20 described in paragraph 0011.

扁平着色層Mの厚さにより紫外線の透過量が減り、扁平着色剤C等の褪色が減少する。扁平着色層MがPMMA等の(メタ)アクリレートを含む場合、特に紫外線遮断作用が大きい。加えて、扁平着色層Mの厚さが好ましくは1.4mm以上・より好ましくは1.8mm以上・さらに好ましくは2.3mm以上・一層好ましくは2.8mm以上であれば、紫外線遮断作用がより大きい。その厚さが1mm以上・1.5mm以上でもよい。さらに、扁平着色層Mが厚いほど、一般に扁平着色剤Cが多様な方向を向くので、視線を移動すると様々な位置で明滅が観察される効果が増す。また層の厚さ方向における扁平着色剤Cの分布位置の幅が拡がるため、立体感が向上する。この立体感のためには、扁平着色層Mの厚さのうち扁平着色剤Cが分布する部分の厚さの割合が、好ましくは20%以上・より好ましくは40%以上・さらに好ましくは60%以上・一層好ましくは80%以上でもよい。これは、扁平着色剤Cが分布する部分が厚さ方向で複数に分かれている場合にはそれらの厚さの合計である。また、扁平着色剤Cが分布する部分の厚さが、好ましくは0.5mm以上・より好ましくは1mm以上・さらに好ましくは1.5mm以上でもよい。低透過層Qの厚さが好ましくは0.4mm以上・より好ましくは0.9mm以上・さらに好ましくは1・3mm以上・一層好ましくは1.8mm以上であれば、充分に不透明になる。この厚さは1mm以上・1.4mm以上でもよい。また、扁平着色剤Cへの保護が強化され、屋外でも充分な耐久性が得られる。装飾体D全体の厚さは、好ましくは2mm以上・より好ましくは3mm以上・さらに好ましくは4mm以上でもよい。これにより装飾体Dが自立可能となり、堅牢性を得る。厚さの上限は特に限定されないが、扁平着色剤Cの光輝効果や重量等から、1000mm以下又は500mm以下が現実的である。大きさも限定されないが、出願時点で入手可能な材料板20のサイズからすると、2200×3300mm程度が実用上の最大サイズである。扁平着色剤Cの光輝性が視認可能である最小サイズは、3×3mm程度である。 Due to the thickness of the flat colored layer M, the amount of transmitted ultraviolet rays is reduced, and fading of the flat coloring agent C and the like is reduced. When the flat colored layer M contains a (meth)acrylate such as PMMA, it has a particularly large UV shielding effect. In addition, when the thickness of the flat colored layer M is preferably 1.4 mm or more, more preferably 1.8 mm or more, more preferably 2.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 2.8 mm or more, the UV blocking effect is enhanced. big. The thickness may be 1 mm or more or 1.5 mm or more. Furthermore, the thicker the flat colored layer M, the more the flat coloring agent C generally faces in various directions, so that the effect of observing blinking at various positions when the line of sight is moved increases. In addition, since the width of the distribution position of the flat colorant C in the thickness direction of the layer is widened, the three-dimensional effect is improved. For this three-dimensional effect, the ratio of the thickness of the portion where the flat coloring agent C is distributed to the thickness of the flat colored layer M is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 40% or more, further preferably 60%. 80% or more, more preferably 80% or more. This is the sum of the thicknesses when the portion where the flat colorant C is distributed is divided into a plurality of portions in the thickness direction. Further, the thickness of the portion where the flat colorant C is distributed may be preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, further preferably 1.5 mm or more. If the thickness of the low-transmittance layer Q is preferably 0.4 mm or more, more preferably 0.9 mm or more, more preferably 1.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 1.8 mm or more, it becomes sufficiently opaque. This thickness may be 1 mm or more or 1.4 mm or more. In addition, the protection of the flat coloring agent C is strengthened, and sufficient durability can be obtained even outdoors. The overall thickness of the decoration D may be preferably 2 mm or more, more preferably 3 mm or more, still more preferably 4 mm or more. As a result, the decorative body D can stand on its own and obtain robustness. Although the upper limit of the thickness is not particularly limited, it is practically 1000 mm or less or 500 mm or less in consideration of the luster effect and weight of the flat colorant C. Although the size is not limited, considering the size of the material plate 20 available at the time of filing, the practical maximum size is about 2200×3300 mm. The minimum size at which the glitter of the flat colorant C is visible is about 3×3 mm.

扁平着色層M・低透過層Q・接着層Aの間の2つの接合部分が化学拡散接合でもよい。その部分の凹凸の高さの差が、好ましくは0.01mm以上・より好ましくは0.02mm以上・さらに好ましくは0.05mm以上・一層好ましくは0.1mm以上でもよい。それにより、3層が強固に一体化し、雨水等の過酷な環境下でも剥離しにくくなる。塗布部44は、例えば三菱ケミカル株式会社製アクリエステルM等のMMA60重量部とPMMA粉末30~60重量部を混合攪拌し、過酸化ベンゾイル等の重合開始剤やフタル酸ジシクロヘキシル・フタル酸ジブチル等の可塑剤等を0.1重量部程度(温度等に応じて調整可)の微量添加し、これを扁平着色層M又は低透過層Qに塗布・滴下又は充填する(本明細書等ではこれらを塗布と総称する。塗布工程S44)。貼合部45は、扁平着色層M及び低透過層Qを重ね、温水槽等により60~100℃程度の各層のガラス転移点又は融点より若干低い温度で数時間から数日加熱し、その後徐冷してもよい(貼付工程S45)。これはMMAを含むため、材料板20がPMMAであれば、重合によって一体化しやすく、さらに強い化学拡散接合となる場合がある。変性アクリレートでも同様の効果が得られることがある。このように接着層Aで接合することで、厚さ3mm以上の装飾体Dの製造が、大規模な設備によらず容易に可能になる。接着層Aは段落0012に記載の全光線透過率の条件を満たしてもよい。その視感透過率(又は視感透過率τV・分光透過率におけるある波長帯の透過率・全光線透過率・拡散光線透過率・平行光線透過率)は、好ましくは70%以上・より好ましくは80%以上・さらに好ましくは90%以上でもよい。 Two bonding portions between the flat colored layer M, the low-permeability layer Q, and the adhesive layer A may be chemical diffusion bonding. The difference in height of the irregularities at that portion may be preferably 0.01 mm or more, more preferably 0.02 mm or more, still more preferably 0.05 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.1 mm or more. As a result, the three layers are strongly integrated and are less likely to peel off even in harsh environments such as rainwater. In the application unit 44, for example, 60 parts by weight of MMA such as Acryester M manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation and 30 to 60 parts by weight of PMMA powder are mixed and stirred, and a polymerization initiator such as benzoyl peroxide or dicyclohexyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, or the like is added. A small amount of about 0.1 parts by weight of a plasticizer or the like (can be adjusted according to the temperature, etc.) is added, and this is applied, dropped, or filled in the flat colored layer M or the low-permeability layer Q (in this specification, these are referred to as This is generically referred to as coating (coating step S44). The lamination portion 45 is formed by stacking the flat colored layer M and the low-permeability layer Q, heating them in a hot water bath or the like at a temperature slightly lower than the glass transition point or melting point of each layer of about 60 to 100° C. for several hours to several days, and then slowly. It may be cooled (pasting step S45). Since this contains MMA, if the material plate 20 is PMMA, it may be easily integrated by polymerization, resulting in stronger chemical diffusion bonding. A similar effect may be obtained with modified acrylates. By bonding with the adhesive layer A in this way, the decorative body D having a thickness of 3 mm or more can be easily manufactured without large-scale equipment. The adhesive layer A may satisfy the condition of total light transmittance described in paragraph 0012. The luminous transmittance (or luminous transmittance τV, transmittance in a certain wavelength band in spectral transmittance, total light transmittance, diffuse light transmittance, parallel light transmittance) is preferably 70% or more, more preferably It may be 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more.

少なくとも一部の接着層Aの厚さは、好ましくは0.03mm以上・より好ましくは0.1mm以上・さらに好ましくは0.3mm以上・一層好ましくは0.8mm以上でもよい。また、接着層Aの厚さ/扁平着色層Mの厚さは、好ましくは1/2以下・より好ましくは1/3以下・さらに好ましくは1/4以下でもよい。これは、スペーサー・接着剤の粘度・扁平着色層Mの厚さ及び比重・接合時の加重等によって調整可能である。あるいは、色面層接合部42が扁平着色層Mと低透過層Qとの間にマーキングフィルム等の色面層Uを挟めば、その厚さによって接着層Aの厚さを調整可能である。扁平着色層Mの表面は、扁平着色剤Cの影響で、凹凸状であることが多い。接着層Aが上記の範囲の厚さであれば、この凹凸が埋まり、良好に接合される。また、特に扁平着色剤Cが、樹脂片にアルミ等の金属が蒸着されたものである場合、扁平着色剤Cは入射した光の一部を透過する。透過した光が扁平着色層Mと低透過層Qとの界面で反射すると、扁平着色剤Cが直接反射した光の見え方に影響を及ぼす。つまり、扁平着色剤Cの反射をにじませ、そのコントラストを低下させる。その防止のため、扁平着色層Mと低透過層Qとの間隔が離れている方がよい。そのためにも、接着層Aが上記の厚さであるとよい。ただし、接着層Aが厚すぎるのは重量や発色の点で支障となることがある。よって、接着層Aの少なくとも一部の厚さは、好ましくは3mm以下・より好ましくは2mm以下・さらに好ましくは1.5mm以下・一層好ましくは1mm以下・最も好ましくは0.5mm以下でもよい。材料板20の反り等のため、一部の厚さがこれを超えてもよい。接着層Aの厚さは、扁平着色層M又は低透過層Qの少なくとも一方の厚さに対し、好ましくは1/2以下・より好ましくは1/5以下・さらに好ましくは1/10以下・一層好ましくは1/20倍以下でもよい。 The thickness of at least a part of the adhesive layer A may be preferably 0.03 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, still more preferably 0.3 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.8 mm or more. Further, the thickness of the adhesive layer A/thickness of the flat colored layer M may be preferably 1/2 or less, more preferably 1/3 or less, still more preferably 1/4 or less. This can be adjusted by adjusting the spacer, the viscosity of the adhesive, the thickness and specific gravity of the flat colored layer M, the load during bonding, and the like. Alternatively, if the colored layer joining portion 42 sandwiches a colored layer U such as a marking film between the flat colored layer M and the low-transmittance layer Q, the thickness of the adhesive layer A can be adjusted according to the thickness. The surface of the flat colored layer M is often uneven due to the influence of the flat coloring agent C. If the adhesive layer A has a thickness within the above range, the irregularities are filled and good bonding is achieved. In particular, when the flat coloring agent C is a resin piece on which a metal such as aluminum is vapor-deposited, the flat coloring agent C transmits part of the incident light. When the transmitted light is reflected at the interface between the flat colored layer M and the low-transmitting layer Q, the appearance of the light directly reflected by the flat coloring agent C is affected. In other words, the reflection of the flat colorant C is smudged and its contrast is lowered. In order to prevent this, it is preferable that the flat colored layer M and the low-transmittance layer Q are separated from each other. Therefore, it is preferable that the adhesive layer A has the above thickness. However, if the adhesive layer A is too thick, it may be a problem in terms of weight and color development. Therefore, the thickness of at least part of the adhesive layer A may be preferably 3 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or less, still more preferably 1.5 mm or less, even more preferably 1 mm or less, and most preferably 0.5 mm or less. A portion of the thickness may exceed this due to warping of the material plate 20 or the like. The thickness of the adhesive layer A is preferably 1/2 or less, more preferably 1/5 or less, more preferably 1/10 or less of the thickness of at least one of the flat colored layer M or the low-permeability layer Q. Preferably, it may be 1/20 times or less.

色面層U(色面層材料22)が粘着剤Bを有すれば、色面層接合部42は色面層Uを低透過層Qに容易に接合できる。その場合、粘着剤Bは色面層Uの形状に沿う形状である。色面層U(色面層材料22)がロール状等の柔軟な粘着シートで、その曲げ弾性率が好ましくは1000MPa以下・より好ましくは700MPa以下・さらに好ましくは500MPa以下であれば、板材(材料板20)への接合が特に容易である。貼合部45がその後扁平着色層Mを接合すれば、色面層Uと扁平着色層M又は被覆層Tとが化学拡散接合となることがある。粘着剤Bと低透過層Qとは化学拡散接合でないことが多い。色面層Uと低透過層Qとが異なる色であれば、扁平着色剤Cは複数の色を背景にして複数の見え方を呈する。また色面層Uは扁平着色層Mによって保護されるので、屋外用途でも充分な耐光性・耐候性を具える。色面層接合部42は扁平着色層Mの表面部F側に色面層Uを加工してもよく、その上に貼合部45が被覆層Tを加工してもよい。その場合、扁平着色層Mと低透過層Qとの間の色面層Uはあってもなくてもよい。また、色面層Uと扁平着色層Mとは化学拡散接合でないことが多い。色面層Uの分光透過率又は分光反射率のうち、ある波長と別の波長とで、透過率又は反射率の差が、好ましくは20%以上・より好ましくは40%以上・さらに好ましくは60%以上でもよい。また、色面層Uと低透過層Qとで、ある波長における分光透過率又は分光反射率の差が、好ましくは20%以上・より好ましくは40%以上・さらに好ましくは60%以上でもよい。これらにより、文字等が鮮明に表示される。測定はCM‐5等による。また、複数の色面層Uが扁平着色層Mを挟む場合、それぞれの色面層Uの見え方が異なる。例えば、図3bの装飾体Dの表面部F側からは、色面層U11が不透明ならば、色面層U11がある部分では扁平着色剤Cが隠れ、色面層U12には扁平着色剤Cが乗って見える。さらに、色面層U11と色面層U12のように間に別の層を挟む複数の色面層U、あるいは直接重なる複数の色面層U等において、一方が他方の形状に沿う形状でもよく、一部が他の一部の形状に沿う形状でもよい。このような複数の色面層Uは、互いに、扁平着色層Mに対して同じ側でもよく、異なる側でもよい。例えば色面層U11が色面層U12のネガ像(色面層U12が文字で色面層U11が抜き文字等)であれば、図示しない観察者が表面部Fを正面(z負(正)方向)から見た時、色面層U11の透過部から色面層U12が見え、斜め方向から見た時には低透過層Qの色が色面層U12の一部の輪郭の外側に見え、立体感効果を呈する。色面層U11・色面層U12の両方又は一方が抜き加工でも同様の効果が得られる。色面層U11・色面層U12が正確にポジ・ネガの関係ではなく、何れかが太くても大きくてもよい。一方が他方の形状に沿う形状は、さらに以下のような場合も含む;色面層U11が複数の文字状に抜き加工され、色面層U12が、色面層U11の抜き加工された穴部分から透過して見える範囲すべてに覗いて見えるように、色面層U11より一回り大きい矩形状にカットされている;色面層U11が複数の文字からなる数個の単語を表示し、それらが単語ごとに互いに異なる色になるように色面層U12がカットされている;つまり、色面層U12が複数の色に塗りわけられ、その境界部分が被覆層T側の色面層U11によって隠れている;複数の色面層Uが扁平着色層Mと低透過層Qとの間に挟まれ、それらが一部で同じ形状にカットされ、上の色面層Uが下の色面層Uを隠している;又は、下の色面層Uが上の色面層Uより一回り大きく、縁取っている。 If the color layer U (color layer material 22 ) contains the adhesive B, the color layer U can be easily joined to the low-transmittance layer Q by the color layer bonding portion 42 . In that case, the adhesive B has a shape that conforms to the shape of the color layer U. If the color layer U (color layer material 22) is a flexible adhesive sheet such as a roll and has a bending elastic modulus of preferably 1000 MPa or less, more preferably 700 MPa or less, and even more preferably 500 MPa or less, a plate material (material The joining to the plate 20) is particularly easy. If the lamination part 45 joins the flat colored layer M after that, the color surface layer U and the flat colored layer M or the coating layer T may be chemically diffusion-bonded. The adhesive B and the low-permeability layer Q are often not chemical diffusion bonded. If the color surface layer U and the low-transmittance layer Q have different colors, the flat coloring agent C presents a plurality of appearances against a background of a plurality of colors. Further, since the colored surface layer U is protected by the flat colored layer M, it has sufficient light resistance and weather resistance even for outdoor use. The colored surface layer joining portion 42 may process the colored surface layer U on the surface portion F side of the flat colored layer M, and the bonding portion 45 may process the coating layer T thereon. In that case, the colored surface layer U between the flat colored layer M and the low-transmittance layer Q may or may not exist. Further, the colored surface layer U and the flat colored layer M are often not chemical diffusion bonded. Among the spectral transmittance or spectral reflectance of the color layer U, the difference in transmittance or reflectance between a certain wavelength and another wavelength is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and even more preferably 60%. % or more. Further, the difference in spectral transmittance or spectral reflectance at a certain wavelength between the color layer U and the low-transmittance layer Q may be preferably 20% or more, more preferably 40% or more, still more preferably 60% or more. With these, characters and the like are displayed clearly. Measurement is by CM-5 or the like. Further, when a plurality of color layers U sandwich the flat colored layer M, the appearance of each color layer U is different. For example, from the surface portion F side of the decorative body D in FIG. appears to ride on it. Furthermore, in a plurality of color layers U with another layer sandwiched therebetween, such as the color layer U11 and the color layer U12, or in a plurality of color layers U directly overlapping each other, one may have a shape that conforms to the shape of the other. , and a part thereof may be shaped along the shape of another part. Such a plurality of colored surface layers U may be located on the same side or different sides of the flat colored layer M. As shown in FIG. For example, if the color layer U11 is a negative image of the color layer U12 (the color layer U12 is a character and the color layer U11 is a blank character, etc.), an observer (not shown) faces the front surface portion F (z negative (positive) direction), the color layer U12 can be seen from the transmission portion of the color layer U11, and when viewed from an oblique direction, the color of the low-transmission layer Q can be seen outside the outline of a part of the color layer U12, and the three-dimensional It has a sensory effect. A similar effect can be obtained even if both or one of the color layer U11 and the color layer U12 is punched. The relationship between the color layer U11 and the color layer U12 is not exactly positive/negative, and either one may be thicker or larger. The shape in which one side conforms to the shape of the other also includes the following case; the color layer U11 is punched into a plurality of character shapes, and the color layer U12 is the punched hole portion of the color layer U11. The color layer U11 is cut into a rectangular shape that is one size larger than the color layer U11 so that the entire range visible through the window can be seen; The color surface layer U12 is cut so that each word has a different color; that is, the color surface layer U12 is divided into a plurality of colors, and the boundary portions are hidden by the color surface layer U11 on the cover layer T side. A plurality of color layers U are sandwiched between the flat colored layer M and the low-transmittance layer Q, and they are partially cut into the same shape, and the upper color layer U is the lower color layer U or the lower color layer U is one size larger than the upper color layer U and borders.

UVプリンタ等により画像等が色面層U・扁平着色層M・低透過層Q・被覆層Tにプリントされてもよい。これらがあらかじめプリントされた材料でもよい。色面層Uはこのような印刷でもよい。プリントされた透明等の色面層Uの粘着剤Bが扁平着色層Mに接合されてもよい。色面層Uや扁平着色剤Cは布・紙・砂・花弁・葉・昆虫の羽・その他装飾用品等でもよい。色面層Uは、一般のマーキングフィルムのように、同じ層の中で色の濃淡や階調変化等を有さず、単色であってもよく、各部で実用上同じ色でもよく、層の有無のみによって文字等を表示してもよい。文字等において色面層Uが穴状等に欠落した部分は接着層Aによって埋められてもよい。色面層Uは扁平着色層M・低透過層Q・接着層Aの接合面の全面でもよく、一部でもよい。一部であれば大きな接合強度が得られる。色面層Uが端部Eに露出しなくてもよい。これにより、色面層Uの剥離が防止される。反対に、色面層Uが端部Eに露出してもよく、装飾体Dを正面から見た場合に全面を覆っていてもよい。ただし、そのような色面層Uが扁平着色層M等の別の2層の間に挟まれる場合には、それらの接合が弱いことがある。そのため、色面層Uが、正面から見た場合に装飾体Dの全面を覆う場合には、色面層Uが表面部F側に露出してもよい。扁平着色層Mが片側ないし両側に色面層Uだけを有し、被覆層Tも接着層Aも有さなくてもよい。 An image or the like may be printed on the color surface layer U, the flat colored layer M, the low-transmittance layer Q, and the coating layer T using a UV printer or the like. These may be pre-printed materials. The color surface layer U may be printed in this manner. The pressure-sensitive adhesive B of the printed colored surface layer U such as transparent may be bonded to the flat colored layer M. The color surface layer U and flat colorant C may be cloth, paper, sand, petals, leaves, wings of insects, other decorative items, and the like. The color surface layer U does not have color shading or gradation change in the same layer like a general marking film, and may be a single color, or may be practically the same color in each part. A character or the like may be displayed only by the presence or absence. The adhesive layer A may be used to fill in the portions where the color surface layer U is cut off in the form of holes or the like in characters or the like. The colored surface layer U may be the entire joint surface of the flat colored layer M, the low-transmittance layer Q, and the adhesive layer A, or may be a part thereof. A large bonding strength can be obtained if it is a part. The color surface layer U does not have to be exposed at the edge E. As a result, peeling of the color surface layer U is prevented. On the contrary, the color surface layer U may be exposed at the end portion E, and may cover the entire surface when the decoration D is viewed from the front. However, when such a colored surface layer U is sandwiched between two other layers such as the flat colored layer M, the bonding between them may be weak. Therefore, when the color layer U covers the entire surface of the decoration D when viewed from the front, the color layer U may be exposed on the surface portion F side. The flat colored layer M may have only the colored surface layer U on one or both sides, and may have neither the covering layer T nor the adhesive layer A.

複数の色面層Uのうち2以上の色面層Uの色が互いに異なってもよく、実用上異なってもよく、マンセル色相環(D65)におけるそれらの色相の近い側の間隔の歩度分が、好ましくは25~50・より好ましくは35~50・さらに好ましくは45~50、又はそれらがHSV色空間のH値において離れている小さい側の角度が好ましくは90~180°・より好ましくは120~180°・さらに好ましくは150~180°でもよく、それらの少なくとも何れかの彩度がマンセル表色系(D65)において好ましくはc6以上・より好ましくはc7以上・さらに好ましくはc8以上でもよい。色面層U及び扁平着色層Mが、接着層Aとは別の層を間に挟んでもよい。表面部F側の色面層U等が有色透明であれば、扁平着色剤Cがその色で輝くので、他の部分とは異なって見える。この色面層Uの視感透過率が好ましくは50%以上・より好ましくは60%以上・さらに好ましくは70%以上・一層好ましくは80%以上でこの効果が強く得られる。表面部F(裏面部R)側の色面層Uが白の場合、扁平着色剤Cによって暗く見えることがある。それが好ましくない場合には、白等の明度の高い色面層Uは扁平着色層Mより表面部F側の方がよい。さらに、被覆層Tによっても色面層Uの明度が下がって見えることがあるので、白等の色面層Uは表面部Fに露出してもよい。これに適した色面層Uの反射光測定でのLのL値は、好ましくは60以上・より好ましくは70以上・さらに好ましくは80以上・一層好ましくは90以上、マンセル値のV値は、好ましくは6以上・より好ましくは7以上・さらに好ましくは8以上でもよい。 The colors of two or more color layers U out of the plurality of color layers U may be different from each other, and may be different in practice, and the rate of the interval on the side of the close side of the Munsell color wheel (D65) is , preferably 25 to 50, more preferably 35 to 50, more preferably 45 to 50, or the smaller angle at which they are separated in the H value of the HSV color space is preferably 90 to 180°, more preferably 120 ~180°, more preferably 150 to 180°, and at least one of them may have a chroma of preferably c6 or more, more preferably c7 or more, and still more preferably c8 or more in the Munsell color system (D65). A layer other than the adhesive layer A may be sandwiched between the colored surface layer U and the flat colored layer M. If the colored surface layer U or the like on the surface portion F side is colored and transparent, the flat coloring agent C shines with that color, so that it looks different from the other portions. This effect can be strongly obtained when the luminous transmittance of the color layer U is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, still more preferably 70% or more, and still more preferably 80% or more. When the color surface layer U on the front surface portion F (rear surface portion R) side is white, the flat colorant C may make it look dark. If this is not preferable, the colored surface layer U having a high lightness such as white is preferably closer to the surface portion F than the flat colored layer M. Furthermore, since the coating layer T may also make the color layer U appear to have a lower brightness, the color layer U such as white may be exposed on the surface portion F. The L value of L * a * b * in the reflected light measurement of the color surface layer U suitable for this is preferably 60 or more, more preferably 70 or more, still more preferably 80 or more, still more preferably 90 or more, Munsell value may be preferably 6 or more, more preferably 7 or more, still more preferably 8 or more.

接着層Aは無色透明又は透過部Lと実用上同じ色でもよい。接着層Aと低透過層Qとの接合部分では、接着層Aから低透過層Qにかけて色が連続的に変化する部分が薄いほど、界面での光の拡散が抑えられるので好適である。上記連続的に変化する部分、すなわち透過率が高い部分から透過率が低い部分にかけての領域において、透過率が一定(測定限界未満)の部分を除く透過率が変化する部分の厚さは、0.5mm以下が好ましく、0.1mm以下がより好ましく、0.02mm以下がさらに好ましく、扁平着色層Mの厚さの1/10以下が好ましく、その1/30以下がより好ましく、その1/30以下がさらに好ましい。下限は0又は測定限界でもよい。これは接合部分断面の顕微鏡画像等で測定可能である。化学拡散接合の場合、接着層Aと低透過層Qとの界面の厚さがこれに相当する。接着剤が溶剤を含む場合、この部分が厚くなりやすい。また、接着層Aの屈折率が透過部Lの屈折率より小さいと、それらの界面で全反射が発生して迷光となり、扁平着色剤Cの光輝性のコントラストを下げることがある。これが望ましくない場合、接着層Aの屈折率が透過部L又は低透過層Qの少なくとも一方の屈折率以上の方がよい。接着層Aとそれに接する層との屈折率の差が好ましくは0.002以上・より好ましくは0.005以上・さらに好ましくは0.01以上であれば、端部Eから入射した迷光のより多くが全反射を繰り返して反対側の端部Eに抜けるので、コントラストの低下が抑えられる。ただし、屈折率の差が大きすぎると、端部Eでそれらの界面が目立ち、屈折像の歪み等が発生する。それが望ましくない場合には、上記差が好ましくは0.2以下・より好ましくは0.1以下・さらに好ましくは0.05以下でもよい。なお、装飾体Dにおいて、扁平着色剤Cの有無・屈折率・透過率・組成の少なくとも何れかが異なっていれば、それらは異なる層である。扁平着色剤Cが分散された樹脂モノマーが板状に成形された樹脂板では、扁平着色剤Cと樹脂モノマーとの比重の差等により、扁平着色剤Cが表面ないし裏面の一方に偏って分布することがある。この場合、樹脂部分の屈折率・色・組成は略同一であること、扁平着色剤Cの粗密は板の厚さ方向に連続的に変化し特段の境界部分がないことから、この板は1層である。 The adhesive layer A may be colorless and transparent, or may be practically the same color as the transmissive portion L. At the joint portion between the adhesive layer A and the low-transmittance layer Q, the thinner the portion where the color continuously changes from the adhesive layer A to the low-transmittance layer Q, the more the diffusion of light at the interface is suppressed, which is preferable. In the continuously changing portion, that is, the region from the high transmittance portion to the low transmittance portion, the thickness of the portion where the transmittance changes, excluding the portion where the transmittance is constant (below the measurement limit), is 0 0.5 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm or less, still more preferably 0.02 mm or less, preferably 1/10 or less of the thickness of the flat colored layer M, more preferably 1/30 or less thereof, and 1/30 thereof More preferred are: The lower limit may be 0 or the limit of measurement. This can be measured by using a microscope image of the cross section of the joint. In the case of chemical diffusion bonding, the thickness of the interface between the adhesive layer A and the low-permeability layer Q corresponds to this. If the adhesive contains a solvent, this portion tends to be thick. Further, if the refractive index of the adhesive layer A is smaller than that of the transmissive portion L, total reflection occurs at the interface between them, resulting in stray light, which may lower the brightness contrast of the flat colorant C. FIG. If this is not desirable, it is better that the refractive index of the adhesive layer A is equal to or higher than the refractive index of at least one of the transmissive portion L and the low transmissive layer Q. If the difference in refractive index between the adhesive layer A and the layer adjacent thereto is preferably 0.002 or more, more preferably 0.005 or more, and still more preferably 0.01 or more, the amount of stray light incident from the end E can be increased. repeats total reflection and exits to the opposite end E, thus suppressing a decrease in contrast. However, if the difference in refractive index is too large, the interface between them will be conspicuous at the edge E, causing distortion of the refractive image and the like. If this is not desirable, the difference may be preferably 0.2 or less, more preferably 0.1 or less, and even more preferably 0.05 or less. In addition, if at least one of the presence/absence of the flat coloring agent C, the refractive index, the transmittance, and the composition is different in the decoration D, they are different layers. In a resin plate in which a resin monomer in which a flat colorant C is dispersed is molded into a plate shape, the flat colorant C is unevenly distributed on either the front surface or the back surface due to the difference in specific gravity between the flat colorant C and the resin monomer. I have something to do. In this case, the refractive index, color, and composition of the resin portion are substantially the same, and the density of the flat colorant C changes continuously in the thickness direction of the plate, and there is no particular boundary portion. layer.

扁平着色層M等が溝部V又は端部Eの少なくとも一方を有し、溝部Vの側面N又は端部Eの少なくとも一方が鏡面状でもよい。その部分が扁平着色剤Cを映し、立体感を付与する。また、その部分が臨界角の作用により入射光を反射し、近隣の扁平着色剤Cを照らす。照らされた扁平着色剤Cは、光源からの直接の光と反射光の2方向から、装飾体Dの角部では3方向以上から光を受け、ひときわ明るく、また他より多く輝く。その部分の算術平均粗さRは、好ましくは0.5以下・より好ましくは0.25以下・さらに好ましくは0.1以下・一層好ましくは0.05以下・より一層好ましくは0.025以下、最大高さ粗さRは、好ましくは2以下・より好ましくは1以下・さらに好ましくは0.5以下・一層好ましくは0.25以下、下限は測定限界でもよい(JIS B 0601又はISO 4287等、単位はμm、カットオフλcは0.08mmを基準とし、見込まれる測定値に応じて調整される)。そのために、貼合部45等は、接合後に、レーザによる外周のカット・鏡面機でのエッジ加工・バフ研磨等を行ってもよい。特に鏡面機による場合、端部Eに、表面部Fとは斜め方向に線条痕状の筋が多数残ることがある。この筋は、端部E上においてR50~500又はR100~300(mm)の緩やかな曲線状のこともある。この筋が表面部F及び端部Eの角部の交線となす角度は、好ましくは30~85°・より好ましくは35~80°・さらに好ましくは40~75°・一層好ましくは45~70°である。この筋部分の凹凸を前記角部と平行に測定した場合、その算術平均粗さRは、好ましくは1以下・より好ましくは0.3以下・さらに好ましくは0.1以下・一層好ましくは0.05以下、その算術平均うねりW(カットオフλc0.08又は0.25等、筋のピッチに応じる)は、好ましくは0.05以上・より好ましくは0.1以上・さらに好ましくは0.2以上でもよい。0.3~16でもよい。算術平均うねりW又は最大高さうねりWは、好ましくは0.5以上・より好ましくは1以上・さらに好ましくは2以上(カットオフλc0.08mm)でもよい。これらのうねりのカットオフλcは、凹凸のピッチが小さければ0.025mmでもよい。凹凸のピッチは、表面うねり測定の解析曲線に現れる周期的凹凸の複数のピーク間距離の算術平均でもよく、その場合うねり測定の解析より101/2倍又は10倍大きい(小さい)カットオフλcを用いてもよい。 The flat colored layer M or the like may have at least one of the groove portion V and the end portion E, and at least one of the side surface N and the end portion E of the groove portion V may be mirror-finished. The portion reflects the flat coloring agent C and imparts a three-dimensional effect. Also, the portion reflects incident light due to the action of the critical angle, illuminating the neighboring flattened colorant C. The illuminated flat colorant C receives light from two directions, ie, direct light and reflected light from the light source, and three or more directions at the corners of the decorative body D, and shines brighter and brighter than others. The arithmetic mean roughness Ra of that portion is preferably 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.25 or less, still more preferably 0.1 or less, still more preferably 0.05 or less, and even more preferably 0.025 or less. , The maximum height roughness R z is preferably 2 or less, more preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, and even more preferably 0.25 or less, and the lower limit may be the measurement limit (JIS B 0601 or ISO 4287 etc., the unit is μm, the cutoff λc is based on 0.08 mm, and is adjusted according to the expected measurement value). For this reason, the bonding portion 45 and the like may be subjected to cutting of the outer periphery with a laser, edge processing with a mirror surface machine, buffing, and the like after bonding. In particular, in the case of using a specular machine, a large number of streak-like streaks may be left on the end portion E in a direction oblique to the surface portion F. This streak may have a gently curved shape with R50 to 500 or R100 to 300 (mm) on the end E. The angle formed by this streak with the line of intersection of the corners of the surface portion F and the end portion E is preferably 30 to 85°, more preferably 35 to 80°, further preferably 40 to 75°, and even more preferably 45 to 70. °. When the unevenness of the streak portion is measured parallel to the corner portion, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.3 or less, further preferably 0.1 or less, and even more preferably 0. 0.05 or less, and its arithmetic mean waviness W a (cutoff λc of 0.08 or 0.25, depending on the pitch of the stripes) is preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.1 or more, and still more preferably 0.05 or more. It may be 2 or more. 0.3 to 16 may be used. The arithmetic mean waviness W a or the maximum height waviness W z may be preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 1 or more, still more preferably 2 or more (cutoff λc 0.08 mm). A cutoff λc of these undulations may be 0.025 mm if the pitch of the unevenness is small. The pitch of the asperities may be the arithmetic mean of the peak-to-peak distances of the periodic asperities appearing in the analytical curve of the surface waviness measurement, in which case the cutoff λc is 10 1/2 times or 10 times larger (smaller) than the analysis of the waviness measurement. may be used.

鏡面機による鏡面加工では、熱影響が少ないので加工物の劣化が抑えられる。反射の効果のためには、端部Eないし側面Nの少なくとも一部が表面部F又は裏面部Rの少なくとも一方となす小さい側の角の角度をθXとすると、|θX|≧80°でもよく、|θX|≧70°でもよく、|θX|≦90°でもよい。端部Eないし溝部の側面Nの少なくとも一部と表面部F又は裏面部Rの少なくとも一方とのなす角度が、好ましくは70~110°・より好ましくは80~100°・さらに好ましくは85~95°でもよい。さらに扁平着色層Mの厚さが段落0025に記載の範囲であれば、観察者(図示しない)がこの装飾体Dを斜め方向から見た時、端部Eと表面部Fとで、扁平着色層Mの屈折の作用により、扁平着色層M(又は色面層U)等の見え方が変化する。これにより立体感効果が得られる。端部Eないし側面Nの少なくとも一部が段落0017に記載の角度の条件を満たしてもよい。これらの場合を含め、低透過層Qがなくてもよい。表面部Fの算術平均粗さRが、好ましくは0.1以下・より好ましくは0.03以下・さらに好ましくは0.01以下でもよく、これにより透過性が向上する。 In the mirror surface processing by the mirror surface machine, deterioration of the workpiece can be suppressed because the heat effect is small. For the effect of reflection, |θX|≧80°, where θX is the smaller angle formed by at least part of the edge E or the side surface N with at least one of the front face F or the back face R. , |θX|≧70° or |θX|≦90°. The angle formed by at least part of the end E or the side surface N of the groove and at least one of the front surface F or the rear surface R is preferably 70 to 110°, more preferably 80 to 100°, and further preferably 85 to 95. ° can be used. Furthermore, if the thickness of the flat colored layer M is within the range described in paragraph 0025, when an observer (not shown) views this decorative body D from an oblique direction, the end E and the surface F will be flat colored. Due to the refraction effect of the layer M, the appearance of the flat colored layer M (or the colored layer U) changes. Thereby, a three-dimensional effect can be obtained. At least part of the edge E or the side surface N may satisfy the angle condition described in paragraph 0017. Including these cases, the low-permeability layer Q may be omitted. The surface portion F may have an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of preferably 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.03 or less, and even more preferably 0.01 or less, thereby improving the permeability.

鏡面加工の際、透過部L及び接着層Aの境界部分付近に、段差が生じる・研磨粉が食い込んで残る・気泡状に荒れる等の意匠性の低下が発生することがある。こうした問題が、使用中に、雨水や紫外線の影響・塵埃の侵入により悪化することもある。これらは接着剤が溶剤を含む場合に起きやすい。透過部L及び接着層Aが無色透明の場合、これらが特に目立つ。その防止のために、以下の少なくとも何れかでもよい。(1)扁平着色剤C以外の部分及び接着層Aが(メタ)アクリレートを含み、その全体に対する重量比が好ましくは50%以上・より好ましくは70%以上・さらに好ましくは80%以上である。(2)透過部L又は接着層Aの少なくとも一方の鉛筆硬度(JIS K 5600等を準用)が、好ましくはF~5H・より好ましくはH~4H・さらに好ましくは2H~3Hである。(3)それらの鉛筆硬度の差が、好ましくは3段階以下(Fと3H等)・より好ましくは2段階以下・さらに好ましくは1段階以下である。(4)透過部L又は接着層Aの少なくとも一方のロックウェル硬さ(JIS B 7726・B 7730・K 7202‐2・Z 2245等、株式会社ミツトヨ製HR‐530L等で測定、HRMS‐p)が、好ましくは40~150・より好ましくは60~130・さらに好ましくは80~110である。(5)それらのロックウェル硬さの差が、好ましくは50以下・より好ましくは40以下・さらに好ましくは30以下である。これらにより、端部Eが面一になる。 During the mirror finish, there are cases where a step is formed near the boundary between the transparent portion L and the adhesive layer A, polishing dust is left behind, and the design is roughened in the form of air bubbles. These problems may be exacerbated during use by the influence of rainwater, ultraviolet rays, and the intrusion of dust. These tend to occur when the adhesive contains a solvent. When the transmissive portion L and the adhesive layer A are colorless and transparent, they are particularly conspicuous. To prevent this, at least one of the following may be used. (1) The portion other than the flat colorant C and the adhesive layer A contain (meth)acrylate, and the weight ratio thereof to the whole is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and still more preferably 80% or more. (2) The pencil hardness (JIS K 5600 or the like) of at least one of the transmissive portion L and the adhesive layer A is preferably F to 5H, more preferably H to 4H, and even more preferably 2H to 3H. (3) The difference in pencil hardness between them is preferably 3 steps or less (F and 3H, etc.), more preferably 2 steps or less, still more preferably 1 step or less. (4) Rockwell hardness of at least one of the transmitting portion L or the adhesive layer A (JIS B 7726, B 7730, K 7202-2, Z 2245, etc., measured with HR-530L manufactured by Mitutoyo Co., Ltd., HRMS-p) However, it is preferably 40 to 150, more preferably 60 to 130, still more preferably 80 to 110. (5) The difference in Rockwell hardness thereof is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 40 or less, still more preferably 30 or less. By these, the edge E becomes flush.

具体的には、扁平着色層M・接着層A・低透過層Q・被覆層Tの境界部分の少なくとも一部において、端部Eに垂直な方向の凹凸の深さが、好ましくは0.8mm以下・より好ましくは0.4mm以下・さらに好ましくは0.2mm以下・一層好ましくは0.1mm以下・より一層好ましくは0.05mm以下・最も好ましくは0.02mm以下、又は端部Eを境界の方向に垂直に測定した最大高さ粗さRが、好ましくは100以下・より好ましくは50以下・さらに好ましくは25以下・一層好ましくは10以下・より一層好ましくは5以下でもよい。何れも下限は測定限界である。凹凸の深さは、表面粗さ測定機の解析プロファイルの図から読み取り可能である。この凹凸は、接着層Aの扁平着色層Mないし低透過層Qに対する凹みを含む。なお、色面層Uが端部Eに露出する場合、透過部L及び接着層Aとの色の差が大きければ、意匠性の低下が目立つことは少ない。また、端部Eに露出した扁平着色剤Cが、加工時に端部Eの透明度を下げないために、扁平着色剤Cはポリオレフィン・PET・(メタ)アクリレートの少なくとも何れかを含んでもよく、PVCを含まなくてもよい。さらに貼合部45等が装飾体Dの各辺にC面取り処理を行ってもよい。各種の事故防止のため、そのC面(又はR面)が好ましくはC0.05(又はR、単位はmm、以下同)~2・より好ましくは0.07~1・さらに好ましくは0.1~0.5でもよい。 Specifically, in at least a part of the boundary between the flat colored layer M, the adhesive layer A, the low-transmittance layer Q, and the coating layer T, the depth of the irregularities in the direction perpendicular to the edge E is preferably 0.8 mm. or less, more preferably 0.4 mm or less, more preferably 0.2 mm or less, even more preferably 0.1 mm or less, even more preferably 0.05 mm or less, and most preferably 0.02 mm or less, or the edge E as the boundary The maximum height roughness Rz measured perpendicular to the direction may be preferably 100 or less, more preferably 50 or less, even more preferably 25 or less, even more preferably 10 or less, and even more preferably 5 or less. In both cases, the lower limit is the measurement limit. The depth of the unevenness can be read from the analysis profile of the surface roughness measuring machine. The unevenness includes depressions of the adhesive layer A with respect to the flat colored layer M or the low-transmittance layer Q. As shown in FIG. When the color surface layer U is exposed at the edge E, if the difference in color between the transmissive portion L and the adhesive layer A is large, the deterioration of the design is less conspicuous. In order that the flat colorant C exposed at the end E does not reduce the transparency of the end E during processing, the flat colorant C may contain at least one of polyolefin, PET, and (meth)acrylate. may not contain Further, each side of the decorative body D may be chamfered by the bonding section 45 or the like. In order to prevent various accidents, the C surface (or R surface) is preferably C0.05 (or R, unit is mm, hereinafter the same) to 2, more preferably 0.07 to 1, more preferably 0.1 ~0.5 is acceptable.

表面部F・裏面部R・端部Eの少なくとも何れかがハードコート層を有してもよく、さらに下地としてプライマー層を有してもよく、これらを有さなくてもよい。ハードコート層は段落0012・0022等記載の全光線透過率や視感透過率の条件を満たしてもよい。ハードコート層の鉛筆硬度は、好ましくは3H以上・より好ましくは4H以上・さらに好ましくは5H以上でもよい。ハードコート層(及び含む場合にはプライマー層)の厚さは好ましくは0.1~100μm、より好ましくは0.3~30μm、さらに好ましくは1~10μmでもよい。装飾体Dが表面部F側又は裏面部R側に厚さが好ましくは0.8mm以上・より好ましくは1.3mm以上・さらに好ましくは1.8mm以上の被覆層Tを有してもよい。扁平着色層Mでは、扁平着色剤Cが外側に露出することがある。そこから雨水等が入って扁平着色剤Cに酸化・剥離等が発生し、意匠性を下げることがある。ハードコート層や被覆層Tはこれらを防ぐ。またこれらは、扁平着色層Mの凹凸を隠蔽し、意匠性を向上させる。被覆層Tが上にハードコート層を有してもよい。ハードコート層又は被覆層Tと扁平着色層Mとが間に色面層Uを挟んでもよい。これは、表面部F側からの観察では、扁平着色剤Cを隠すかその上に乗るので、扁平着色層Mと低透過層Qとの間の色面層Uとは別の見え方になる。被覆層Tと扁平着色層Mとが間に上記厚さの接着層Aを挟めば、扁平着色層Mの凹凸が解消されるので、接合力が向上する。これらが化学拡散接合でもよい。この場合、低透過層Qがなくてもよく、裏面部R側が色面層Uのみでもよい。被覆層Tが扁平着色剤Cを含有してもよく、それが扁平着色層Mとは異なる扁平着色剤Cでもよい。 At least one of the surface portion F, the back portion R, and the end portion E may have a hard coat layer, and may or may not have a primer layer as a base. The hard coat layer may satisfy the conditions of total light transmittance and luminous transmittance described in paragraphs 0012 and 0022. The hard coat layer preferably has a pencil hardness of 3H or higher, more preferably 4H or higher, and even more preferably 5H or higher. The thickness of the hard coat layer (and the primer layer if included) may be preferably 0.1 to 100 μm, more preferably 0.3 to 30 μm, still more preferably 1 to 10 μm. The decorative body D may have a coating layer T having a thickness of preferably 0.8 mm or more, more preferably 1.3 mm or more, and still more preferably 1.8 mm or more on the front surface portion F side or the rear surface portion R side. In the flat colored layer M, the flat coloring agent C may be exposed to the outside. Rainwater or the like enters from there, and the flat coloring agent C is oxidized, peeled off, or the like, and the design may be deteriorated. The hard coat layer and coating layer T prevent these. In addition, these cover the unevenness of the flat colored layer M and improve the design. The coating layer T may have a hard coat layer thereon. A colored surface layer U may be sandwiched between the hard coat layer or coating layer T and the flat colored layer M. When observed from the surface portion F side, the flat coloring agent C is hidden or placed on top of it, so it looks different from the color surface layer U between the flat colored layer M and the low-transmittance layer Q. . If the adhesive layer A having the above thickness is sandwiched between the coating layer T and the flat colored layer M, the unevenness of the flat colored layer M is eliminated, thereby improving the bonding strength. These may be chemical diffusion bonding. In this case, the low-transmittance layer Q may be omitted, and only the color surface layer U may be provided on the rear surface portion R side. The coating layer T may contain the flat coloring agent C, and the flat coloring agent C different from the flat coloring layer M may be used.

請求の範囲控。項A1:複数の層が積層された板状装飾体であって、前記複数の層が、透過性を有する透過層と、透過性を有する部分に扁平着色剤が分散された扁平着色層と、前記透過層とは異なる色である色面層と、前記透過層と前記扁平着色層とを接合する接着層と、を含み、前記扁平着色剤の色が前記透過性を有する部分の色と異なり、前記扁平着色剤が薄片状であり、前記扁平着色剤の最大長さが0.02mm以上であり、前記扁平着色剤の少なくとも一部において、それぞれの最大長さが、前記最大長さの中点を通り前記最大長さの方向に直交する断面の径のうち前記中点を通る最も短い長さの5倍以上であり、前記積層方向とは垂直な面において前記装飾体が複数の部分を有し、前記複数の部分が前記透過層と前記扁平着色層との間に前記色面層を有する部分と前記透過層と前記扁平着色層との間に前記色面層を有さず前記接着層を有する部分とを含む装飾体。項A2:前記透過層と前記接着層との接合及び前記接着層と前記扁平着色層との接合が化学拡散接合であるか、前記接合部分が強制的に分離された場合、前記分離された面の少なくとも一部の算術平均粗さRが1μm以上であるかの少なくとも一方である、項A1に記載の装飾体。項A3:前記色面層と前記扁平着色層との接合が化学拡散接合でない、項A1又は2に記載の装飾体。項A4:前記色面層がフィルム状であって、前記色面層の前記積層方向の厚さが10~400μmである、項A1~3の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A5:前記色面層が粘着剤によって前記透過層又は前記扁平着色層に接合する、項A1~4の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A6:前記粘着剤が他の層と化学拡散接合でない、項A5に記載の装飾体。項A7:前記色面層がPVCを含む、項A1~6の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A8:前記色面層が市販のマーキングフィルムである、項A1~7の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A9:前記最大長さが1mm以上である、項A1~8の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A10:前記透過層及び前記扁平着色層の曲げ弾性率が1000MPa以上である、項A1~9の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A11:前記色面層の曲げ弾性率が700MPa以下である、項A1~10の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A12:前記扁平着色層が前記色面層の反対側に視感透過率が30%以下かつ厚さ1.5mm以下の層を有さない、項A1~11の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A13:前記接着層の少なくとも一部の厚さが0.3mm以上である、項A1~12の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A14:前記透過層の厚さが1mm以上である、項A1~13の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A15:前記扁平着色層の厚さが1mm以上である、項A1~14の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A16:前記透過層及び前記透過性を有する部分がPMMAである、項A1~15の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A17:前記透過層・前記扁平着色層・前記接着層の少なくとも何れかが(メタ)アクリレートを含む、項A1~16の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A18:前記色面層が画像・文字・ロゴ・図形・模様の少なくとも何れかを表示する、項A1~17の何れかに記載の装飾体。項A19:材料に接着剤を塗布する塗布部と、複数の材料を接合する貼合部と、を有し、項A1~18の何れかに記載の装飾体を製造する装飾体製造装置。項A20:材料に接着剤を塗布する塗布工程と、複数の材料を接合する貼合工程と、を有し、項A1~18の何れかに記載の装飾体を製造する装飾体製造方法。 Claim copy. Item A1: A plate-shaped decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers include a transparent layer having transparency, a flat colored layer in which a flat coloring agent is dispersed in a portion having transparency, and A colored surface layer having a color different from that of the transmissive layer, and an adhesive layer that joins the transmissive layer and the flat colored layer, wherein the color of the flat coloring agent is different from the color of the portion having transparency. , the flat colorant is flaky, the maximum length of the flat colorant is 0.02 mm or more, and the maximum length of each of at least a part of the flat colorant is within the maximum length. Among the diameters of cross sections passing through a point and perpendicular to the direction of the maximum length, the length is five times or more the shortest length passing through the midpoint, and the decorative body has a plurality of portions on a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction. wherein the plurality of portions have the colored surface layer between the transparent layer and the flat colored layer, and the adhesion without the colored surface layer between the transparent layer and the flat colored layer and a portion having a layer. Item A2: When the bonding between the permeable layer and the adhesive layer and the bonding between the adhesive layer and the flat colored layer are chemical diffusion bonding, or the bonded portion is forcibly separated, the separated surface The decorative body according to item A1, wherein at least a part of has an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 1 μm or more. Item A3: The decorative body according to Item A1 or 2, wherein bonding between the colored surface layer and the flat colored layer is not chemical diffusion bonding. Item A4: The decoration according to any one of Items A1 to 3, wherein the color layer is film-like and has a thickness of 10 to 400 μm in the stacking direction. Item A5: The decorative body according to any one of Items A1 to 4, wherein the colored surface layer is bonded to the transparent layer or the flat colored layer with an adhesive. Term A6: The decorative body according to Term A5, wherein the adhesive is not chemical diffusion bonded to another layer. Item A7: The decoration according to any one of Items A1 to 6, wherein the color surface layer contains PVC. Item A8: The decorative body according to any one of Items A1 to 7, wherein the colored surface layer is a commercially available marking film. Item A9: The decorative body according to any one of Items A1 to 8, wherein the maximum length is 1 mm or more. Item A10: The decorative body according to any one of Items A1 to A9, wherein the transmissive layer and the flat colored layer have a flexural modulus of 1000 MPa or more. Item A11: The decorative body according to any one of Items A1 to A10, wherein the color surface layer has a bending elastic modulus of 700 MPa or less. Term A12: The decoration according to any one of Term A1 to 11, wherein the flat colored layer does not have a layer having a luminous transmittance of 30% or less and a thickness of 1.5 mm or less on the opposite side of the colored layer. . Item A13: The decorative body according to any one of Items A1 to A12, wherein at least a portion of the adhesive layer has a thickness of 0.3 mm or more. Item A14: The decorative body according to any one of Items A1 to A13, wherein the transmission layer has a thickness of 1 mm or more. Item A15: The decorative body according to any one of Items A1 to A14, wherein the flat colored layer has a thickness of 1 mm or more. Item A16: The decorative body according to any one of Items A1 to A15, wherein the permeable layer and the permeable portion are made of PMMA. Item A17: The decorative body according to any one of Items A1 to A16, wherein at least one of the transmissive layer, the flat colored layer, and the adhesive layer contains (meth)acrylate. Item A18: The decorative body according to any one of Items A1 to A17, wherein the colored surface layer displays at least one of images, characters, logos, graphics, and patterns. Item A19: A decoration manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the decoration according to any one of Items A1 to A18, having an application section for applying an adhesive to a material and a bonding section for bonding a plurality of materials. Item A20: A decoration manufacturing method for manufacturing the decoration according to any one of Items A1 to 18, comprising a coating step of applying an adhesive to a material and a bonding step of bonding a plurality of materials.

《第2の実施形態》
扁平着色層Mが厚く、扁平着色剤Cのz方向の分布の幅が大きいほど、扁平着色剤Cの立体感の効果が向上する。そのために、貼合部45は、図4aのように、複数の扁平着色層Mを積層させてもよい。これらの扁平着色層Mの厚さは段落0025等に記載の範囲でもよい。さらに接着層Aが段落0027等の範囲の厚さであれば、扁平着色剤Cを含む層と透明な層とが交互に重なり、表面部F側と裏面部R側の扁平着色剤Cのz方向の距離が大きくなるので、この立体感がさらに強調される。また、段落0022記載の扁平着色層Mにおける扁平着色剤Cが占める部分の割合が低い材料板20によって、この割合が高い装飾体Dが製造可能となる。この割合が高くて板厚が薄い板は、扁平着色剤Cの密度が高いため、板材としての強度が低く、割れやすいことが多い。それに対し、この割合が低い板による複数積層板の場合、間の接着層Aの強度も寄与し、装飾体Dの曲げ強度・引張強度等が良好になる。扁平着色剤Cが大きいほどこの効果は増す。最大の長さlCが、好ましくは1mm以上・より好ましくは2mm以上・さらに好ましくは5mm以上・一層好ましくは10mm以上であれば、この効果が特に大きい。複数の扁平着色層Mの各層が互いに異なる色やサイズの扁平着色剤Cを含んでいれば、さらに重層的な加飾効果が得られる。積層方向(z方向、接合面に垂直な方向)だけでなく、xy方向(xy平面に平行な方向、接合面が含む各方向)に、異なる扁平着色剤Cを含む扁平着色層Mが並んでもよい。それらないし後述の扁平着色層Mの有無の境界部分が色面層Uで隠れれば、色面層U内の透過部分(抜き部分P)における各要素の色等が相違し(例えば複数の抜き文字の隣や奥に、それぞれ別の色の扁平着色剤Cが見えて)、加飾性が向上する。この場合、色面層Uの透過性が低い方がよく、その視感透過率(又は視感透過率τV・分光透過率におけるある波長帯の透過率・全光線透過率・拡散光線透過率・平行光線透過率)は、好ましくは30%以下・より好ましくは10%以下・さらに好ましくは5%以下・一層好ましくは3%以下でもよい。ただし、色面層Uを通して扁平着色層Mの反射が見える効果が求められる場合には、この限りではない。
<<Second embodiment>>
The thicker the flat colored layer M and the wider the width of the distribution of the flat coloring agent C in the z direction, the more the effect of the flat coloring agent C giving a three-dimensional effect is improved. For this purpose, the lamination unit 45 may laminate a plurality of flat colored layers M, as shown in FIG. 4a. The thickness of these flat colored layers M may be within the range described in paragraph 0025 and the like. Furthermore, if the adhesive layer A has a thickness within the range of paragraph 0027, etc., the layer containing the flat colorant C and the transparent layer are alternately overlapped, and the z of the flat colorant C on the front surface portion F side and the back surface portion R side This three-dimensional effect is further emphasized as the distance in the direction increases. Further, by using the material plate 20 in which the proportion of the portion occupied by the flat coloring agent C in the flat colored layer M described in paragraph 0022 is low, the decoration D with a high proportion can be manufactured. A plate having a high ratio and a small plate thickness has a high density of the flat colorant C, and therefore has low strength as a plate material and is often easily broken. On the other hand, in the case of a plurality of laminated plates made of plates with a low ratio, the strength of the adhesive layer A between them also contributes, and the flexural strength, tensile strength, etc. of the decorative body D are improved. This effect increases as the flat colorant C increases. This effect is particularly large if the maximum length lC is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 2 mm or more, still more preferably 5 mm or more, and still more preferably 10 mm or more. If each layer of the plurality of flat colored layers M contains flat coloring agents C of different colors and sizes, a more multi-layered decorative effect can be obtained. Even if the flat colored layers M containing different flat colorants C are arranged not only in the stacking direction (z direction, the direction perpendicular to the bonding surface) but also in the xy direction (the direction parallel to the xy plane, each direction including the bonding surface). good. If the boundary between them or the presence or absence of a flat colored layer M, which will be described later, is hidden by the color surface layer U, the color of each element in the transparent portion (cut portion P) in the color surface layer U will be different (for example, a plurality of cutouts). Flat coloring agents C of different colors can be seen next to and behind the characters), thereby improving the decorativeness. In this case, the transparency of the color layer U is preferably low, and its luminous transmittance (or luminous transmittance τV, transmittance in a certain wavelength band in spectral transmittance, total light transmittance, diffuse light transmittance, Parallel light transmittance) may be preferably 30% or less, more preferably 10% or less, even more preferably 5% or less, still more preferably 3% or less. However, this is not the case when the effect that the reflection of the flat colored layer M can be seen through the colored layer U is desired.

扁平着色層Mが単層の場合でも、扁平着色層Mの表面部F側に色面層Uがある場合、色面層Uの影が、z方向の多様な高さに分布する扁平着色剤Cに当たり、通常の透明材では得られない立体感を呈する。それはいわば、室内に浮遊する無数の埃に、カーテンの隙間から一筋の日光が当たることで、光の方向が立体的に可視化される状態に類似する。扁平着色層Mが積層されていれば、この効果がさらに増し、接着層Aの厚みとも相まってより深い奥行き感を示す。積層される扁平着色層Mの数は3以上でもよく、4以上でもよく、5以上でもよい。その数に上限はないが、扁平着色剤Cのサイズないし接着層Aや透過部Lの透過率等に応じて、10から20程度にとどめられるのが無難である。その数が増えるほど裏面部R側の扁平着色層Mを表面部Fから見た場合の透過性が下がることが多いからである。複数の扁平着色層Mの間に扁平着色剤Cを含まない層・全体が無色透明又は有色透明の層が入ってもよい。その層の厚さが好ましくは0.9mm以上・より好ましくは1・3mm以上・さらに好ましくは1.8mm以上であれば奥行き方向の立体感が増す。ただし、正面から光が当たった際の照明効率のためには、扁平着色剤Cを含まない上記厚さの層がなくてもよい。複数の扁平着色層Mの接合は、接着層Aによらなくてもよく、熱溶着・化学拡散接合でない粘着剤や粘着テープ、ネジ等の機械的接合によってもよい。表面部Fから色面層Uの抜き部分Pを通して観察される扁平着色層Mのうち扁平着色剤Cが占める割合は、好ましくは50%以上・より好ましくは60%以上・さらに好ましくは70%以上・一層好ましくは80%以上でもよい。この測定はフラットベッドスキャナで行われてもよい。その場合、スキャン画像が低透過層Q又は裏面部R側に置かれた背景の色で色域選択され、その残りの部分の百分率が測定値でもよい。 Even when the flat colored layer M is a single layer, if the colored surface layer U exists on the surface portion F side of the flat colored layer M, the shadow of the colored surface layer U is distributed at various heights in the z direction. It corresponds to C and presents a three-dimensional effect that cannot be obtained with ordinary transparent materials. It is similar to the state in which the direction of light is visualized three-dimensionally by shining a ray of sunlight through a gap in a curtain against countless dust particles floating in a room. If the flat colored layer M is laminated, this effect is further enhanced, and together with the thickness of the adhesive layer A, a deeper sense of depth is exhibited. The number of laminated flat colored layers M may be 3 or more, 4 or more, or 5 or more. Although there is no upper limit to the number, it is safe to limit it to about 10 to 20 depending on the size of the flat colorant C, the transmittance of the adhesive layer A and the transmissive portion L, and the like. This is because the transmittance of the flat colored layer M on the back surface portion R side when viewed from the front surface portion F tends to decrease as the number increases. A layer not containing the flat coloring agent C or a layer entirely colorless and transparent or colored and transparent may be inserted between the plurality of flat colored layers M. If the thickness of the layer is preferably 0.9 mm or more, more preferably 1.3 mm or more, and still more preferably 1.8 mm or more, the three-dimensional effect in the depth direction is increased. However, for the illumination efficiency when the light hits from the front, the layer having the above thickness not containing the flat colorant C may be omitted. The bonding of the plurality of flat colored layers M may not be based on the adhesive layer A, and may be performed by mechanical bonding such as an adhesive, an adhesive tape, screws, etc. other than heat welding or chemical diffusion bonding. The ratio of the flat coloring agent C in the flat colored layer M observed through the cutout portion P of the colored surface layer U from the surface portion F is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, and even more preferably 70% or more. - More preferably, it may be 80% or more. This measurement may be made with a flatbed scanner. In that case, the scanned image may be gamut-selected with the color of the background placed on the side of the low-transmittance layer Q or the back portion R, and the remaining percentage may be the measured value.

扁平着色層Mの数が増えて、装飾体Dの厚みが増すほど、その重量が増大し、壁等への取付コストと落下リスクが膨らむ。この問題を解決するために、貼合部45は、図4bのように、裏面部R側の扁平着色層M(裏側扁平着色層MR)のxy平面に対応した範囲を表面部F側の扁平着色層M(表側扁平着色層MF)の範囲より狭めてもよい。つまり、色面層Uが不透過型のマーキングフィルム等であって透過性が低ければ、色面層Uで遮られている部分には表側扁平着色層MF以外の扁平着色層Mは不要である。それゆえ、裏面部R側に追加された裏側扁平着色層MRが色面層Uの抜き部分P等の形状に沿う形状でもよい。一方が他方の形状に沿う形状は、例えば以下のような場合を含む;色面層Uが複数の文字状に抜き加工され、扁平着色層Mが、色面層Uの抜き部分Pから透過して見える範囲すべてに覗いて見えるように、色面層Uより一回り大きい矩形状にカットされている;色面層Uが複数の文字からなる数個の単語を表示し、それらが単語ごとに互いに異なる色になるように扁平着色層Mがカットされている;つまり、扁平着色層Mが複数の色に塗りわけられ、その境界部分が被覆層T側の色面層Uによって隠れている;扁平着色層Mが色面層Uより一回り大きく、縁取っている。これらにより次の各効果が得られる。 As the number of flat colored layers M increases and the thickness of the decorative body D increases, the weight of the decorative body D increases, and the mounting cost on the wall and the risk of falling increase. In order to solve this problem, as shown in FIG. It may be narrower than the range of the colored layer M (front-side flat colored layer MF). That is, if the color layer U is an opaque marking film or the like and has low transparency, the flat colored layer M other than the front side flat colored layer MF is unnecessary in the portion blocked by the colored layer U. . Therefore, the back side flat colored layer MR added to the back side R may have a shape that conforms to the shape of the cutout portion P of the colored layer U or the like. The shape in which one of them follows the shape of the other includes, for example, the following cases; It is cut into a rectangular shape that is one size larger than the color layer U so that the entire visible range can be seen; The flat colored layer M is cut so as to have different colors; that is, the flat colored layer M is painted in a plurality of colors, and the boundary portion is hidden by the colored surface layer U on the side of the covering layer T; The flat colored layer M is one size larger than the colored layer U and borders it. These provide the following effects.

1)装飾体Dが軽量化される。ただし、裏側扁平着色層MRの範囲が狭すぎると、色面層Uの抜き部分Pから裏側扁平着色層MRの端部ERが見えてしまい、加飾性を損なう。これを防ぐために以下のようでもよい。色面層Uに最も近く色面層Uより裏面部R側の層を含み、該裏面部R側の層から最も裏面部Rに近い層までの複数の層のうち、一部又は全部が透過性を有する層の連続である2以上の層の厚さの合計を高さhとする。また、z方向において色面層Uと前記2以上の層とが重なる部分における、色面層Uの抜き部分Pの端から対応する前記2以上の層の端面(裏側扁平着色層MRの端部ER)までのxy平面上の最短距離をw1とする。装飾体Dの少なくとも一部において、w1/hは好ましくは1/4以上・より好ましくは1/2以上・さらに好ましくは1以上・一層好ましくは2以上でもよい。さらに、色面層Uと端部EFとの間から裏側扁平着色層MRの端部ERが見えにくいようにするために、以下のようでもよい。z方向において色面層Uと前記2以上の層とが重ならない部分における、色面層Uの端部EUから前記2以上の層の端部ERまでのxy平面上の最短距離をw2とすると、装飾体Dの少なくとも一部において、w2/hは好ましくは1/2以上・より好ましくは1以上・さらに好ましくは2以上でもよい。前記2以上の層の端部ERは表面部Fや各層の接合面に垂直でなくてもよい。前記2以上の層の表面部F側と裏面部R側とで、一方が他方より広くてもよい。実願平3-18918号が示すように、アルミフレークを使用した樹脂積層物が知られている。しかしこの樹脂積層物Aには、アルミフレーク層が厚くなると重量が増すという問題があった。本発明は、グリッターを含む装飾体の軽量化を課題としてもよい。2)端部EFの鏡面処理等が容易になる。3)端部EFが壁等の取付面から浮いて見え、装飾体Dの影が取付面に投影されることで、加飾性が向上する。4)色面層Uが、裏側扁平着色層MRの端部ERを隠し、なおかつ表側扁平着色層MFの外側の部分を隠さなければ(図4bにおいて後述の脚部J及び照明部Iがない状態に相当する)、浮いた前記外側の部分の扁平着色剤Cの影が取付面(図示しない)に投影され、加飾性を向上させる。この効果は、裏側扁平着色層MRに限らず、装飾体Dが木材やアルミ型材等によって取付面から浮かされた状態でも得られる。そのために、表側扁平着色層MFの端部EFから前記2以上の層の端部ERまでのxy平面上の最短距離をw3とすると、装飾体Dの少なくとも一部において、w3/hは好ましくは1/2以上・より好ましくは1以上・さらに好ましくは2以上でもよい。 1) The weight of the decoration D is reduced. However, if the range of the back side flat colored layer MR is too narrow, the edge ER of the back side flat colored layer MR will be visible through the cutout portion P of the color surface layer U, impairing the decorativeness. To prevent this, the following may be done. Some or all of the layers from the layer on the back side R side to the layer closest to the back side R including the layer closest to the color layer U on the back side R side from the color layer U are transmitted Let h be the total thickness of two or more layers that are continuous layers having properties. In addition, in the portion where the color surface layer U and the two or more layers overlap in the z direction, the end surface of the two or more layers corresponding to the end of the cutout portion P of the color surface layer U (the end of the back flat color layer MR ER) on the xy plane is w1. In at least part of the decoration D, w1/h may be preferably 1/4 or more, more preferably 1/2 or more, still more preferably 1 or more, and even more preferably 2 or more. Furthermore, in order to make it difficult to see the edge ER of the back flat colored layer MR from between the color surface layer U and the edge EF, the following may be applied. Let w2 be the shortest distance on the xy plane from the edge EU of the color layer U to the edge ER of the two or more layers in the portion where the color layer U and the two or more layers do not overlap in the z direction. In at least a part of the decoration D, w2/h may be preferably 1/2 or more, more preferably 1 or more, still more preferably 2 or more. The end portion ER of the two or more layers may not be perpendicular to the surface portion F or the joint surface of each layer. One of the front surface portion F side and the back surface portion R side of the two or more layers may be wider than the other. As disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 3-18918, a resin laminate using aluminum flakes is known. However, this resin laminate A has a problem that its weight increases as the thickness of the aluminum flake layer increases. An object of the present invention may be to reduce the weight of decorations containing glitter. 2) The edge EF can be easily mirror-finished. 3) The edge EF appears to float above the mounting surface such as the wall, and the shadow of the decorative body D is projected onto the mounting surface, thereby improving decorativeness. 4) Unless the color surface layer U hides the edge ER of the back flat colored layer MR and also hides the outer portion of the front flat colored layer MF (in FIG. ), and the shadow of the floating outer portion of the flat coloring agent C is projected onto the mounting surface (not shown) to improve the decorativeness. This effect is obtained not only in the back flat colored layer MR, but also in a state in which the decorative body D is lifted from the mounting surface by a piece of wood, an aluminum profile, or the like. Therefore, when the shortest distance on the xy plane from the edge EF of the front side flat colored layer MF to the edge ER of the two or more layers is w3, w3/h is preferably It may be 1/2 or more, more preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more.

表側扁平着色層MFは最低限1層あればよいが、強度の向上等のために2層以上でもよい。積層された複数の扁平着色層M又は単層の扁平着色層Mの厚さ又は高さhは、好ましくは3mm以上・より好ましくは5mm以上・さらに好ましくは7mm以上・一層好ましくは9mm以上でもよい。裏面部R側に低透過層Qがある場合には、その厚さを含む、表側扁平着色層MFから裏面部Rまでの厚さは、好ましくは4mm以上・より好ましくは6mm以上・さらに好ましくは8mm以上・一層好ましくは10mm以上でもよい。これらの値が大きいほど、取付面に投影される表側扁平着色層MF等の影が装飾体Dから離れることが多く、立体感が増す。特に、図5aのように、表側扁平着色層MFの周囲等、装飾体Dの一部において、z方向に重なる色面層Uがなく、裏側扁平着色層MRがない又は1層のみ有し、表側扁平着色層MFが単層であるか被覆層Tとの2層、又はさらに接着層Aを含む3層等であって表側扁平着色層MF以外の層が透過性を有するような場合には、個々の扁平着色剤Cの影の加飾性がさらに高まる。なお、装飾体Dの一部に何らかの層があるとは、z方向において、その一部に重なってその層があるということである。表側扁平着色層MF(扁平着色層M)及び表面部F側の被覆層Tが色面層Uを挟む場合、端部EFの周辺に色面層Uがなければ、扁平着色層Mと被覆層Tとが接着層Aにより強固に接合されることが多い。この扁平着色層Mの外周部の色面層Uがない部分の(端部EFから色面層Uの端部EUまでの)幅は、好ましくは3mm以上・より好ましくは5mm以上・さらに好ましくは7mm以上でもよい。被覆層Tはなくてもよい。 The front side flat colored layer MF may be at least one layer, but two or more layers may be used to improve the strength. The thickness or height h of a plurality of laminated flat colored layers M or a single flat colored layer M may be preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 5 mm or more, still more preferably 7 mm or more, and even more preferably 9 mm or more. . When there is a low-permeability layer Q on the back surface portion R side, the thickness from the front side flat colored layer MF to the back surface portion R, including the thickness thereof, is preferably 4 mm or more, more preferably 6 mm or more, and more preferably It may be 8 mm or more, more preferably 10 mm or more. The larger these values are, the more the shadows of the front flat colored layer MF and the like projected onto the mounting surface are farther away from the decorative body D, increasing the three-dimensional effect. In particular, as shown in FIG. 5a, in a part of the decoration D, such as the periphery of the front side flat colored layer MF, there is no colored surface layer U overlapping in the z direction, and there is no back side flat colored layer MR or only one layer, When the front side flat colored layer MF is a single layer, two layers with the coating layer T, or three layers including the adhesive layer A, and the layers other than the front side flat colored layer MF have transparency , the decorativeness of the shadow of each flat colorant C is further enhanced. It should be noted that the fact that a part of the decorative body D has some layer means that the layer overlaps that part in the z-direction. When the front side flat colored layer MF (flat colored layer M) and the coating layer T on the surface portion F side sandwich the colored layer U, if there is no colored layer U around the end EF, the flat colored layer M and the coating layer T is often firmly joined by the adhesive layer A. The width (from the end EF to the end EU of the color layer U) of the outer peripheral portion of the flat colored layer M where there is no color layer U is preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 5 mm or more, more preferably It may be 7 mm or more. The covering layer T may be omitted.

貼合部45は、取付を容易にするため、色面層Uの形状には特に沿わずに、裏面部R側に扁平着色層Mを追加積層してもよい。これが単なる取付用の脚部Jであれば、扁平着色層Mでなく、通常の透明や白等の材料板20によるものでもよい。脚部Jと裏側扁平着色層MRの取付面の高さが同等であって、取付面が面一であれば、装飾体Dの壁面等への取付が容易になる。脚部Jはネジ・釘等の取付用金具を含んでもよい。脚部Jは照明部Iを取り囲んでもよい。これにより照明部Iや裏側扁平着色層MRが雨水や汚損から保護される。その場合脚部Jが透明や乳半等のように半透明で透過性を有すれば、脚部Jがない場合と同様、後述の照明部Iにより装飾体Dの外側の壁がかすかに間接照明される。さらにこれらの裏面部R側が蓋で覆われれば防水性等が向上する。脚部Jがx方向ないしy方向で表側扁平着色層MFの端部EFと同じ位置かより外側でもよい。端部EFが外側に張り出していると、衣類等が引っかかることによる事故の可能性があるが、これによりその可能性が低下する。脚部Jの外側と端部EFが面一であれば、これらの鏡面加工が容易である。脚部Jや裏側扁平着色層MRの、表側扁平着色層MF等への取り付け部分が、図4bのようなRを有してもよい。このRは、好ましくは0.1mm以上・より好ましくは0.2mm以上・さらに好ましくは0.5mm以上・一層好ましくは1mm以上でもよい。これにより接合強度が増し、後述の照明部Iによる光の回り込みが改善される。このRは接着剤の粘度等の調整で得られる。あるいは、このR部分は平面状でもよい。そのために、直角三角形や長方形等の形状の補強材が接合部分の角に接合されてもよい。その場合には補強材の直角を挟む辺の長さが上記Rと同等でもよい。裏側扁平着色層MRの端部ERから表側扁平着色層MFへの付け根付近にかけて、防水や強度向上のため、シリコーン・シーラント等でコーキングされてもよい。このコーキング材はシリコーン・変性シリコーン・ポリウレタン・ポリサルファイド・(メタ)アクリレート・ブチルゴム・ポリイソブチレンの少なくとも何れかを含んでもよく、透過部Lと異なる組成でもよい。コーキング材の曲げ弾性率は好ましくは500MPa以下・より好ましくは300MPa以下・さらに好ましくは100MPa以下でもよい。その切断時伸び(JIS K 6251・K 6272等)は好ましくは30%以上・より好ましくは50%以上・さらに好ましくは100%以上・一層好ましくは200%以上でもよい。 In order to facilitate attachment, the laminating portion 45 may additionally laminate a flat colored layer M on the back surface portion R side without particularly conforming to the shape of the colored surface layer U. If this is just a leg portion J for attachment, it may be made of a material plate 20 of ordinary transparent, white, or the like instead of the flat colored layer M. If the mounting surfaces of the legs J and the rear flat colored layer MR have the same height and are flush with each other, the decorative body D can be easily mounted on the wall surface or the like. The legs J may include mounting hardware such as screws and nails. The legs J may surround the lighting portion I. This protects the illumination section I and the back flat colored layer MR from rainwater and stains. In this case, if the legs J are translucent and transparent, such as transparent or semi-transparent, the outer wall of the decorative body D is slightly indirectly illuminated by the lighting section I, which will be described later, as in the case where the legs J are not provided. illuminated. Furthermore, if the rear surface portion R side is covered with a lid, the waterproofness and the like are improved. The leg portion J may be located at the same position as the end portion EF of the front side flat colored layer MF in the x direction or the y direction, or may be outside. If the end EF protrudes outward, there is a possibility of an accident due to clothing or the like getting caught, but this reduces the possibility. If the outside of the leg J and the end EF are flush with each other, it is easy to mirror-finish them. The attachment portion of the leg portion J or the back flat colored layer MR to the front flat colored layer MF or the like may have an R as shown in FIG. 4b. This R may be preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, still more preferably 0.5 mm or more, and still more preferably 1 mm or more. As a result, the bonding strength is increased, and the wraparound of light by the lighting section I, which will be described later, is improved. This R can be obtained by adjusting the viscosity of the adhesive. Alternatively, this R portion may be planar. To that end, stiffeners in the form of right triangles, rectangles, etc. may be joined at the corners of the joints. In that case, the length of the sides sandwiching the right angle of the reinforcing member may be equal to the above R. The area from the edge ER of the back flat colored layer MR to the vicinity of the base of the front flat colored layer MF may be caulked with a silicone sealant or the like to improve waterproofness and strength. This caulking material may contain at least one of silicone, modified silicone, polyurethane, polysulfide, (meth)acrylate, butyl rubber, and polyisobutylene, and may have a composition different from that of the transmitting portion L. The flexural modulus of the caulking material may be preferably 500 MPa or less, more preferably 300 MPa or less, still more preferably 100 MPa or less. The elongation at break (JIS K 6251, K 6272, etc.) may be preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, still more preferably 100% or more, still more preferably 200% or more.

貼合部45はさらに、裏側扁平着色層MRによって形成された段差部分に、図4bのように照明部Iを装着してもよい(なお、図4bの図示の都合上、照明部Iの部分のみ断面図ではない)。これにより、z負方向奥の扁平着色剤Cがx方向及びy方向から、あるいはそれらの複合方向から照射され、従来なかった内照型照明の効果を呈する。照明部Iは例えばLED等の既知の発光体と制御回路等からなり、バッテリーを内蔵してもよく、外部からの電源供給を受けてもよい。照明部Iの一部又は全部が装飾体Dに固定されてもよく、補修や仕様変更等のため交換可能でもよい。照明部Iは端部ERに対して透過部Lを通さずに外側から直接光を照射してもよい。そのうち最大輝度の光の端部ERへの入射角の絶対値は、90°未満が好ましく、80°以下がより好ましく、60°以下がさらに好ましく、45°以下が一層好ましく、30°以下がより一層好ましい。端部ERは鏡面でもよく、その平滑度は上記の端部Eの算術平均粗さRの範囲と同じでもよい。これにより、照明部I等からの照射光の入射効率が向上する。また、端部ERが粗面でもよく、その算術平均粗さRが好ましくは1以上・より好ましくは3以上・さらに好ましくは10以上・一層好ましくは30以上・より一層好ましくは100以上・さらに一層好ましくは300以上でもよい。これにより照射光が散乱し、様々な方向の扁平着色剤Cに均等に光が届く。上限は特に定めないが、3mm以下ないし扁平着色層Mの厚み以下でもよい。照明部Iの照射方向の数は1以上のいくつでもよい。 The bonding unit 45 may further attach the illumination unit I to the stepped portion formed by the back-side flat colored layer MR as shown in FIG. cross section only). As a result, the flat colorant C behind the negative z direction is illuminated from the x direction and the y direction, or from a combination thereof, thereby exhibiting an effect of internal lighting that has not existed in the past. The illumination unit I is made up of a known light emitter such as an LED, a control circuit, etc., and may incorporate a battery or receive power supply from the outside. Part or all of the lighting section I may be fixed to the decorative body D, or may be replaceable for repair, specification change, or the like. The illumination portion I may irradiate the end portion ER with light directly from the outside without passing through the transmission portion L. Among them, the absolute value of the incident angle to the edge ER of the light with the maximum luminance is preferably less than 90°, more preferably 80° or less, still more preferably 60° or less, even more preferably 45° or less, and more preferably 30° or less. More preferred. The edge ER may be a mirror surface, and its smoothness may be the same as the range of the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the edge E described above. As a result, the incidence efficiency of the irradiation light from the illumination section I or the like is improved. In addition, the edge ER may be a rough surface, and the arithmetic average roughness Ra is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 3 or more, still more preferably 10 or more, still more preferably 30 or more, still more preferably 100 or more, and further More preferably, it may be 300 or more. As a result, the irradiation light is scattered, and the light reaches the flat colorant C in various directions evenly. Although the upper limit is not specified, it may be 3 mm or less to the thickness of the flat colored layer M or less. The number of irradiation directions of the illumination unit I may be one or more.

照明部Iは例えば端部ERの反対側、装飾体Dの外側に向かって光を照射してもよく、それにより装飾体Dが浮いているように見える効果が向上する。照明部Iは光の色・照度・明滅周期等を変更してもよい。照明部Iは、複数の扁平着色層Mのうち一部のみに光を照射してもよい。具体的には、色面層U等により光が届く範囲が制限されればこれが実現される。照明部Iが複数の色の光を照射し、複数の照射範囲ごとに光の色・照度・照射方向・光の到達距離・拡散性等を違えてもよい。照明部Iとは別の照明が、表面部F側からz負方向に近い方向に光を照射してもよい。これが照明部Iを代替してもよい。このような照明は、表側扁平着色層MFの扁平着色剤Cや色面層Uを効率よく照射し、扁平着色剤Cの表面部Fからの距離が大きいほど照射を弱くするので、立体感を強調する。照明部Iは自然光源からの光を装飾体Dに導く反射鏡でもよい。扁平着色剤Cのサイズが大きいほど、またその量が多いほど、端部ER側から入射した光の減衰が増大しやすく、各部の明るさのムラが顕著になる。よって、特に照明部Iを具える場合、裏側扁平着色層MRは文字列に沿った形状で、支障のない範囲内で小さい方がよい。またその方が軽量化に寄与する。そのため、w2/hは好ましくは4以下・より好ましくは2以下・さらに好ましくは1以下・一層好ましくは1/2以下でもよい。 The illumination part I may irradiate light toward the outside of the decoration D, for example, on the opposite side of the end ER, thereby improving the effect that the decoration D looks like it is floating. The illumination unit I may change the color, illuminance, blinking cycle, etc. of the light. The illumination section I may irradiate only a part of the plurality of flat colored layers M with light. Specifically, this can be achieved by limiting the range of light arrival by the color surface layer U or the like. The illumination unit I may irradiate light of a plurality of colors, and the color, illuminance, irradiation direction, reachable distance, diffusibility, etc. of the light may be different for each of a plurality of irradiation ranges. An illumination different from the illumination section I may irradiate light from the surface section F side in a direction close to the z-negative direction. This may replace the illumination section I. Such illumination efficiently illuminates the flat colorant C and the color surface layer U of the front side flat colored layer MF, and the illumination is weakened as the distance of the flat colorant C from the surface portion F increases, so that a three-dimensional effect can be obtained. Emphasize. The lighting section I may be a reflecting mirror that guides the light from the natural light source to the decorative body D. The larger the size of the flat colorant C and the larger the amount thereof, the more likely the attenuation of the light incident from the end ER side is, and the more noticeable the uneven brightness of each part. Therefore, particularly when the lighting section I is provided, the back side flat colored layer MR should have a shape along the character string and should be as small as possible without any problem. Moreover, the direction contributes to weight reduction. Therefore, w2/h may be preferably 4 or less, more preferably 2 or less, still more preferably 1 or less, and even more preferably 1/2 or less.

扁平着色層Mの裏面部R側に低透過層Qがあってもなくてもよい。低透過層Qは金属光沢を有してもよい。裏面部R側に、全面で接合されずに固定された低透過層Qがあれば、低透過層Qより表面部F側の裏側扁平着色層MRの裏面部R側の透明部分による全反射が得られるので照射効率が向上し、なおかつ、正面からの観察時には扁平着色剤Cの隙間に低透過層Qの色が見える。上記蓋がこれでもよい。本実施形態の装飾体Dは扁平着色剤Cを含まなくてもよく、他の手段によって内部で光を反射させてもよい。例えば、扁平着色層Mが、扁平着色剤のかわりに、溝部Vや無数の雑多な方向の亀裂を有していれば、この亀裂が臨界角の作用等により光を反射して、同等の効果を呈する。つまり、装飾体Dが内部に光の反射面を有してもよい。装飾体Dは光学的な界面を有してもよい。光学的な界面とは、それを境として屈折率・透過率等が異なることで、その界面の透過前・透過後の光の性質が変化するような界面である。端部E、充填部を有さない溝部Vの側面、色面層U・扁平着色層M・接着層A・低透過層Qの界面も、光学的な界面である。何れも、光の入射角に応じてその光を透過・屈折又は全反射し、視覚的効果をもたらす。 The low-permeability layer Q may or may not be present on the back surface portion R side of the flat colored layer M. The low-permeability layer Q may have metallic luster. If there is a low-transmittance layer Q that is fixed without being joined over the entire surface on the back surface portion R side, total reflection by the transparent portion on the back surface portion R side of the back flat colored layer MR on the surface portion F side of the low-transmittance layer Q occurs. As a result, the irradiation efficiency is improved, and the color of the low-transmittance layer Q can be seen in the gaps between the flat coloring agents C when observed from the front. The above lid may be this. The decorative body D of this embodiment may not contain the flat coloring agent C, and light may be internally reflected by other means. For example, if the flat colored layer M has grooves V or a myriad of cracks in various directions instead of the flat coloring agent, the cracks reflect light by the action of the critical angle or the like, and the same effect is obtained. present. That is, the decorative body D may have a light reflecting surface inside. The decoration D may have an optical interface. An optical interface is an interface at which the properties of light before and after transmission through the interface change due to differences in refractive index, transmittance, and the like. The end portion E, the side surface of the groove portion V having no filling portion, and the interface between the colored surface layer U, the flat colored layer M, the adhesive layer A, and the low-transmittance layer Q are also optical interfaces. All of them transmit, refract, or totally reflect light depending on the angle of incidence of the light, resulting in a visual effect.

請求の範囲控。項B1:複数の層が積層された装飾体であって、前記複数の層が、透過性を有する部分に着色剤が分散された着色層と、前記透過性を有する部分とは異なる色の色面層と、を含み、前記着色層において、前記着色剤の色が前記透過性を有する部分の色と異なり、前記装飾体を前記積層方向に垂直な面に従って区分する複数の部分領域において、前記着色層の少なくとも一部の端部に対応する部分領域が前記色面層の端部に対応する部分領域より狭い装飾体(複数の層が積層された装飾体であって、前記複数の層が、透過性を有する部分に着色剤が分散された着色層と、前記透過性を有する部分とは異なる色の色面層と、を含み、前記着色層において、前記着色剤の色が前記透過性を有する部分の色と異なり、前記積層方向に垂直な各方向において、前記着色層の端部の少なくとも一部が前記装飾体の端部より内側にあり、前記積層方向において、前記色面層が前記内側にある着色層の端部を覆っている装飾体)。項B2:前記着色剤が扁平着色剤であり、前記扁平着色剤の最大長さが0.02mm以上であり、前記扁平着色剤の少なくとも一部において、それぞれの最大長さが、前記最大長さの中点を通り前記最大長さの方向に直交する断面の径のうち前記中点を通る最も短い長さの5倍以上である、項B1に記載の装飾体。項B3:前記積層方向に垂直な面において、前記色面層が複数の部分を有し、前記複数の部分の一部が前記色面層の端部に少なくとも一部で接せず、かつ前記色面層が存在しない抜き部分であり、前記抜き部分を通して前記着色層が観察可能である、項B1又は2に記載の装飾体。項B4:前記垂直な面において、前記着色層の少なくとも一部の形状が前記抜き部分の形状に沿う形状である、項B1~3の何れかに記載の装飾体。項B5:前記垂直な面において、前記着色層の少なくとも一部の端部に対応する部分領域が前記抜き部分に対応する部分領域の少なくとも一部を包含する、項B1~4の何れかに記載の装飾体(包含するとは、ある部分が、他の部分を含みそれと一致するかそれより広いことを意味する)。項B6:前記着色剤が薄片状である、項B1~5の何れかに記載の装飾体。項B7:前記着色層が複数の層からなる、項B1~6の何れかに記載の装飾体。項B8:前記色面層が粘着層を有する、項B1~7の何れかに記載の装飾体。項B9:前記色面層の視感透過率が30%以下である、項B1~8の何れかに記載の装飾体。項B10:前記最大長さが1mm以上である、項B1~9の何れかに記載の装飾体。項B11:板状体である、項B1~10の何れかに記載の装飾体。項B12:前記着色層の前記垂直な方向の厚さが4mm以上である、項B1~11の何れかに記載の装飾体。項B13:前記色面層の前記垂直な方向の厚さが10~400μmである、項B1~12の何れかに記載の装飾体。項B14:前記色面層がPVCを含む、項B1~13の何れかに記載の装飾体。項B15:前記色面層と前記色面層に接する別の層との接合の少なくとも一部が化学拡散接合でない、項B1~14の何れかに記載の装飾体。材料を切断する切断部と、複数の材料を接合する貼合部と、を有し、項B1~15の何れかに記載の装飾体を製造する装飾体製造装置。項B16:材料を切断する切断工程と、複数の材料を接合する貼合工程と、を有し、項B1~15の何れかに記載の装飾体を製造する装飾体製造方法。項B17:項B1~15の何れかに記載の装飾体と、照明部と、を有し、前記照明部が前記色面層の端部より狭い前記着色層の端部の少なくとも一部に光を照射する装飾体照明設備。 Claim copy. Item B1: A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers includes a colored layer in which a coloring agent is dispersed in a portion having transparency, and a color different from the color of the portion having transparency and a surface layer, wherein in the colored layer, the color of the coloring agent is different from the color of the transparent portion, and in a plurality of partial regions that divide the decorative body according to a plane perpendicular to the lamination direction, A decorative body in which a partial region corresponding to an end of at least a part of a colored layer is narrower than a partial region corresponding to an end of the colored layer (a decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers are a colored layer in which a colorant is dispersed in a portion having transparency; and a colored layer having a color different from that of the portion having transparency, wherein the color of the coloring agent different from the color of the part having decoration covering the edge of the inner colored layer). Item B2: The colorant is a flat colorant, the maximum length of the flat colorant is 0.02 mm or more, and the maximum length of each of at least a portion of the flat colorant is equal to the maximum length The decorative body according to item B1, which is five times or more the shortest length passing through the midpoint of the diameter of the cross section passing through the midpoint of and orthogonal to the direction of the maximum length. Term B3: The color surface layer has a plurality of portions on a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction, and at least a portion of the plurality of portions does not touch an edge of the color surface layer, and 3. The decorative body according to item B1 or 2, wherein the colored layer is a cutout portion without a colored surface layer, and the colored layer is observable through the cutout portion. Item B4: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B3, wherein the shape of at least a part of the colored layer on the vertical plane is shaped along the shape of the cutout portion. Term B5: according to any one of Term B1 to 4, wherein in the vertical plane, the partial region corresponding to the edge of at least part of the colored layer includes at least part of the partial region corresponding to the cut-out portion. decoration (includes means that a part includes and matches or is wider than the other part). Item B6: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B5, wherein the coloring agent is in the form of flakes. Item B7: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B6, wherein the colored layer is composed of a plurality of layers. Item B8: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B7, wherein the color surface layer has an adhesive layer. Item B9: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B8, wherein the color surface layer has a luminous transmittance of 30% or less. Item B10: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B9, wherein the maximum length is 1 mm or more. Item B11: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B10, which is a plate-like body. Item B12: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B11, wherein the colored layer has a thickness of 4 mm or more in the vertical direction. Item B13: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B12, wherein the color layer has a thickness of 10 to 400 μm in the vertical direction. Item B14: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B13, wherein the color layer contains PVC. Item B15: The decorative body according to any one of Items B1 to B14, wherein at least a part of bonding between the color surface layer and another layer in contact with the color surface layer is not chemical diffusion bonding. A decoration manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the decoration according to any one of Items B1 to B15, having a cutting section for cutting materials and a bonding section for bonding a plurality of materials. Item B16: A decoration manufacturing method for manufacturing the decoration according to any one of Items B1 to B15, comprising a cutting step of cutting a material and a bonding step of bonding a plurality of materials. Term B17: The decorative body according to any one of Term B1 to 15, and an illuminating part, wherein the illuminating part illuminates at least a part of an edge of the colored layer narrower than an edge of the colored layer. Decorative body lighting equipment that irradiates

《第3の実施形態》
第2の実施形態において、色面層Uと他の層とが化学拡散接合ではない、あるいはそれらの接合が弱いことがある。例えば色面層UがPVC製のマーキングフィルムであり、被覆層T及び扁平着色層MがPMMAであるような場合、色面層Uと他の層との接合部分が剥離しやすい。この場合、PMMA層間が重合接着等であれば、充分な接着力が得られる。よって、装飾体Dの外周の剥離の防止策として、図5aのように、装飾体Dの外周部Hに、色面層Uを挟まない部分が必要となる。特に屋外用途では、接合部分への浸水を避けるため、全周がそうである必要があった。しかし、これは装飾性を下げることがある。つまり、文字等の抜き部分Pに現れる扁平着色層Mが目立つためには、抜き部分P以外の地の部分では扁平着色層Mが隠れた方がよい。しかし、そのためにマーキングフィルム等の色面層Uが外周部Hまで拡がっていると、表面部F側の被覆層Tが自重で剥がれてしまうという問題があった。この事態を避けつつ、図5bのように、外周部Hに扁平着色剤Cが見えないようにするために、貼付部45は、図6のように、色面層Uに近い色のPMMA等の第2の色面層、すなわち補助色面層Sを設けてもよい。図6aのように、補助色面層Sと表側扁平着色層MFとが互いに接する部分で接着剤により接合され、その後に色面層Uが接合されてもよい。図6bのように、補助色面層Sと表側扁平着色層MFとが裏面部R側から裏打ち層Kで接合されてもよい。それら両者でもよい。補助色面層Sと表側扁平着色層MFとは同じ厚さでもよく、どちらかがより厚くてもよい。後者の場合、それらの厚さの差/厚い方の厚さは、1/3以下が好ましく、1/5以下がより好ましく、1/7以下がさらに好ましく、1/10以下が一層好ましい。この差が小さいほど段差ができにくい。裏打ち層Kは被覆層T及び透過部Lと同等の透過性でもよく、それらに関する上記の厚さの範囲と同様の厚さでもよい。また裏打ち層Kは、扁平着色層Mと同じ材料板20によってもよく、図6bのように端部Eにおいて補助色面層Sと面一でもよい。裏打ち層K・色面層Uは、補助色面層Sと扁平着色層Mとの境界部分を覆いつつ補助色面層Sより狭くてもよい。
<<Third Embodiment>>
In the second embodiment, the color surface layer U and other layers may not be chemical diffusion bonded, or the bonding between them may be weak. For example, when the color layer U is a marking film made of PVC, and the covering layer T and the flat colored layer M are PMMA, the joints between the color layer U and other layers are likely to peel off. In this case, if the PMMA layers are adhered by polymerization or the like, sufficient adhesion can be obtained. Therefore, as a measure to prevent peeling of the outer periphery of the decoration D, a portion where the color layer U is not sandwiched is required in the outer peripheral portion H of the decoration D, as shown in FIG. 5a. Especially for outdoor applications, it had to be so all around to avoid water intrusion into the joint. However, this may reduce the decorativeness. In other words, in order for the flat colored layer M appearing in the blank portion P such as characters to be conspicuous, it is better that the flat colored layer M is hidden in the background portion other than the blank portion P. However, if the colored surface layer U such as a marking film extends to the outer peripheral portion H, there is a problem that the covering layer T on the surface portion F side is peeled off due to its own weight. In order to avoid this situation and prevent the flat coloring agent C from being seen in the outer peripheral portion H as shown in FIG. A second color surface layer, that is, an auxiliary color surface layer S may be provided. As shown in FIG. 6a, the auxiliary color layer S and the front side flat colored layer MF may be joined together with an adhesive at the contacting portions, and then the color layer U may be joined. As shown in FIG. 6b, the auxiliary color layer S and the front side flat colored layer MF may be joined with the backing layer K from the back side R side. It can be both. The auxiliary color layer S and the front flat color layer MF may have the same thickness, or one of them may be thicker. In the latter case, the difference in thickness/thickness of the thicker layer is preferably 1/3 or less, more preferably 1/5 or less, even more preferably 1/7 or less, and even more preferably 1/10 or less. The smaller this difference is, the less likely it is that a step will occur. The backing layer K may be as permeable as the covering layer T and the transmissive portion L and may be of similar thickness to the thickness ranges described above for them. The backing layer K may be made of the same material plate 20 as the flat colored layer M, or may be flush with the auxiliary colored layer S at the edge E as shown in FIG. 6b. The backing layer K and the color layer U may be narrower than the auxiliary color layer S while covering the boundary between the auxiliary color layer S and the flat color layer M.

図6において、補助色面層Sは色面層Uと異なる層である。互いに異なる層は、z方向においてそれぞれ異なる位置を有するか、互いに連続しないか、互いの間に接合部分を有するかの少なくとも何れかである。図4a・bの各接着層Aは、z方向の高さがそれぞれ異なるので、互いに異なる層である。図4bにおける2つの色面層Uは、z方向の高さが同じであるから、断面以外の部分で連続していれば同じ層である。図6のように、色面層Uと補助色面層Sとがそれぞれのz方向における位置を異にし、かつ連続しなくてもよい。また、色面層Uと補助色面層Sの色が近くてもよい。それらの色差ΔE00(CIE DE2000)は、20.0以下が好ましく、10.0以下がより好ましく、5.0以下がさらに好ましく、2.5以下が一層好ましく、1.2以下がとりわけ好ましい。色面層Uと補助色面層Sの色がまったく異なっても、別の装飾効果が得られる。なお、補助色面層Sは色面層Uの一種である。図6bのように、xy平面に平行な方向において、端部ERが色面層Uの端部EUより外側(装飾体Dの端部E側)であっても、補助色面層Sの端部ESより内側であれば、その輪郭は補助色面層Sに隠れて表面部F側からは見えない。補助色面層Sと扁平着色層M(MF)との接合部分が色面層Uで覆われれば、接合部分が目立たない。接合部分が覆われなくてもよい。 In FIG. 6, the auxiliary color layer S is a layer different from the color layer U. As shown in FIG. Different layers have different positions in the z-direction, are discontinuous, and/or have junctions between them. Each adhesive layer A in FIGS. 4a and 4b is a different layer since it has a different height in the z-direction. Since the two color plane layers U in FIG. 4B have the same height in the z direction, they are the same layer if they are continuous in a portion other than the cross section. As shown in FIG. 6, the color plane layer U and the auxiliary color plane layer S may be positioned at different positions in the z direction and may not be continuous. Also, the colors of the color layer U and the auxiliary color layer S may be close to each other. Their color difference ΔE 00 (CIE DE2000) is preferably 20.0 or less, more preferably 10.0 or less, even more preferably 5.0 or less, even more preferably 2.5 or less, and particularly preferably 1.2 or less. Even if the colors of the color layer U and the auxiliary color layer S are completely different, a different decorative effect can be obtained. The auxiliary color layer S is a kind of color layer U. As shown in FIG. 6b, in the direction parallel to the xy plane, even if the edge ER is outside the edge EU of the color layer U (on the side of the edge E of the decoration D), the edge of the auxiliary color layer S If it is inside the part ES, its outline is hidden by the auxiliary color surface layer S and cannot be seen from the surface part F side. If the joint portion between the auxiliary color layer S and the flat colored layer M (MF) is covered with the color layer U, the joint portion is inconspicuous. It is not necessary for the joint part to be covered.

第3・4の実施形態では、扁平着色層Mは扁平着色剤Cを含まなくてもよい。例えばマーブル模様を有し一部で透過性を有する板・エンボス状の凹凸を有する透明板・内部の無数の気泡やクラックで加飾性をそなえた透明板等で、上記に類した効果が得られる。図4aのように装飾体D全体において各層の端部Eが面一でもよい。また、色面層Uが抜き部分Pを有さなくてもよい。例えば、本実施形態は、透明有色のマーキングフィルムで扁平着色層Mに着色するとか、グラデーションやフォグ等の効果を有する透過性フィルムと扁平着色層Mの効果を複合させる、といった用途に応用可能である。本実施形態の適用により、被覆層Tがマーキングフィルム等を紫外線・水分・傷から保護する。さらに、装飾体Dの外周部H以外の部分で、被覆層Tが別の層と化学拡散接合してもよい。例えばアルミ製のC型チャンネル材等の型材によるフレームが端部Eを囲むように装着されてもよい。その場合、端部Eはフレームでかしめられていて剥離の恐れがなく、より内側の部分で被覆層Tと扁平着色層Mとが一体化され、補助色面層Sを有してもよい。 In the third and fourth embodiments, the flat colored layer M may not contain the flat coloring agent C. For example, a transparent plate with a marble pattern that is partially transparent, a transparent plate with embossed unevenness, a transparent plate that is decorated with countless air bubbles and cracks inside, etc., can produce effects similar to those described above. be done. As shown in FIG. 4a, the end portions E of each layer may be flush throughout the decoration D. FIG. Further, the color surface layer U does not have to have the cutout portion P. For example, this embodiment can be applied to applications such as coloring the flat colored layer M with a transparent colored marking film, or combining the effects of the flat colored layer M with a transparent film having effects such as gradation and fog. be. By applying this embodiment, the coating layer T protects the marking film and the like from ultraviolet rays, moisture, and scratches. Furthermore, the coating layer T may be chemically diffusion bonded to another layer at a portion other than the outer peripheral portion H of the decoration D. For example, a frame made of a section material such as a C-shaped channel material made of aluminum may be attached so as to surround the end portion E. As shown in FIG. In this case, the edge E is crimped with a frame so that there is no danger of peeling off, and the covering layer T and the flat colored layer M may be integrated in the inner portion, and the auxiliary colored surface layer S may be provided.

《第4の実施形態》
第3の実施形態では、色面層Uを挟む複数の層の一方の一部が扁平着色層Mであった。本実施形態ではそうではなく、色面層Uを挟む両側の層(被覆層T及び裏打ち層K)が扁平着色剤Cを含まない透明層である。これにより、色面層Uを取り囲む枠状の外周部Hが透明となる。色面層接合部42が枠部分の裏面部R側に色面層Uと同じ色のマーキングフィルム等からなる補助色面層Sを接合すれば、第3の実施形態と同じ問題をより容易に解決できる(図7)。この場合でも色差ΔE00の条件は上記と同様であるが、これが第3の実施形態よりも容易に充足可能である。本実施形態では、第3の実施形態より、扁平着色層Mの材料板20が削減可能であり、必要な工程が減り、装飾体の強度も向上する。ただし、本実施形態では、第2・3の実施形態と比較して、抜き部分Pから直近の扁平着色剤Cまでの間の透明樹脂層・接着層Aの数が増え、それらの間の界面も増えるため、透過率が低下しがちである。また、照明光の照射方向によっては、色面層Uが扁平着色剤Cに投じる影が長くなる。これらの理由により、抜き部分Pに覗く扁平着色剤Cが暗く見える場合がある。補助色面層Sがマーキングフィルムであれば、軽量であって接合部への加重が小さいので、自重による剥離の可能性は低い。補助色面層Sは、表面部F側が被覆層T及び扁平着色層Mで守られているので、紫外線等による劣化もしにくい。補助色面層SがPMMA等の樹脂板でもよく、裏打ち層Kに化学拡散接合されてもよい。さらに、抜き部分Pの範囲が充分広ければ、裏打ち層Kがなく、色面層Uと扁平着色層Mとが直接接合されてもよい。この場合、被覆層Tと扁平着色層Mとが抜き部分Pを通じて化学拡散接合でもよい。補助色面層Sは塗装や染色によるものでもよい。
<<Fourth Embodiment>>
In the third embodiment, one part of the plurality of layers sandwiching the colored surface layer U is the flat colored layer M. As shown in FIG. This is not the case in this embodiment, and the layers on both sides of the color surface layer U (coating layer T and backing layer K) are transparent layers that do not contain the flat colorant C. As shown in FIG. As a result, the frame-shaped outer peripheral portion H surrounding the color surface layer U becomes transparent. If the colored surface layer joining portion 42 joins an auxiliary colored surface layer S made of a marking film or the like of the same color as the colored surface layer U to the back surface portion R side of the frame portion, the same problem as in the third embodiment can be solved more easily. It can be solved (Fig. 7). Even in this case, the condition for the color difference ΔE 00 is the same as above, but it can be satisfied more easily than in the third embodiment. In the present embodiment, the material plate 20 for the flat colored layer M can be reduced, the required steps are reduced, and the strength of the decorative body is improved as compared with the third embodiment. However, in this embodiment, as compared with the second and third embodiments, the number of transparent resin layers/adhesive layers A between the punched portion P and the nearest flat colorant C increases, and the interface between them increases. also increases, the transmittance tends to decrease. Further, the shadow cast by the color surface layer U on the flat colorant C becomes longer depending on the irradiation direction of the illumination light. For these reasons, the flat colorant C seen in the cutout portion P may appear dark. If the auxiliary color layer S is a marking film, it is lightweight and applies a small load to the joining portion, so the possibility of peeling due to its own weight is low. Since the surface portion F side of the auxiliary color layer S is protected by the coating layer T and the flat colored layer M, it is difficult to deteriorate due to ultraviolet rays or the like. The auxiliary color surface layer S may be a resin plate such as PMMA, and may be bonded to the backing layer K by chemical diffusion bonding. Further, if the range of the cutout portion P is sufficiently wide, the backing layer K may be omitted and the colored surface layer U and the flat colored layer M may be directly bonded. In this case, the coating layer T and the flat colored layer M may be chemical diffusion bonded through the punched portion P. The auxiliary color layer S may be painted or dyed.

補助色面層Sの端部ESは、図7aのように装飾体D全体の端部Eとxy平面上で同じ位置でもよく、図7bのように端部Eのやや内側ないし外側でもよい。それらの端部間のxy平面に平行な方向の最短の距離をdE、同じ部分の外周部Hにおける色面層Uがない部分のdEに平行な方向の幅をdUとすると、dE/dUは1/3以下が好ましく・1/5以下がより好ましく・1/7以下がさらに好ましく・1/10以下が一層好ましい。また、装飾体Dが照明部Iを備える場合、照明部Iからの光が、扁平着色層M・裏打ち層Kを通って色面層Uと補助色面層Sとの隙間から外側に漏れ、補助色面層Sを照らすことがある。この漏光は、色面層Uと補助色面層Sとの境界を強調する。これが間接照明風の効果を呈し望ましいこともあるが、望ましくないこともある。色面層Uと補助色面層Sとが重なる部分が広いほど、その隙間からの漏光が減少する。前記重なる部分のxy平面に平行な方向の最短の幅をdS、色面層Uと補助色面層Sとの最小の間隔(多くの場合裏打ち層Kの厚さ)をtKとすると、dS/tKは1以上が好ましく・2以上がより好ましく・4以上がさらに好ましく・8以上が一層好ましい。また、色面層Uと補助色面層Sとの間隔が狭いほど、この漏光は減衰する。そのためには、裏打ち層Kは薄いほどよい。強度との兼ね合いもあり、その厚さは、0.1~2.5mmが好ましく・0.4~2.0mmがより好ましく・0.6~1.5mmがさらに好ましく・0.8~1.2mmが一層好ましい。また、裏打ち層Kが薄いほど、色面層Uの抜き部分Pと、それに最も近い扁平着色剤Cとの間隔が狭まり、扁平着色剤Cが明るく見える。本実施形態は第2・3の実施形態と併用されてもされなくてもよい。 The edge ES of the auxiliary color layer S may be at the same position on the xy plane as the edge E of the entire decoration D as shown in FIG. 7a, or may be slightly inside or outside the edge E as shown in FIG. 7b. Let dE be the shortest distance between these ends in the direction parallel to the xy plane, and let dU be the width in the direction parallel to dE of the portion without the color surface layer U in the outer peripheral portion H of the same portion, then dE/dU is 1/3 or less is preferable, 1/5 or less is more preferable, 1/7 or less is more preferable, and 1/10 or less is even more preferable. In addition, when the decorative body D includes the illumination portion I, the light from the illumination portion I passes through the flat colored layer M and the backing layer K and leaks to the outside from the gap between the color surface layer U and the auxiliary color surface layer S, The auxiliary color surface layer S may be illuminated. This leaked light emphasizes the boundary between the color layer U and the auxiliary color layer S. This presents an indirect lighting-like effect, which is sometimes desirable and sometimes undesirable. The wider the overlapping portion between the color layer U and the auxiliary color layer S, the less light leaks through the gap. Let dS be the shortest width of the overlapping portion in the direction parallel to the xy plane, and tK be the minimum distance between the color surface layer U and the auxiliary color surface layer S (in most cases, the thickness of the backing layer K). tK is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, more preferably 4 or more, and even more preferably 8 or more. Further, the narrower the distance between the color layer U and the auxiliary color layer S, the more the leaked light is attenuated. For that purpose, the thinner the backing layer K, the better. There is also a balance with strength, and the thickness is preferably 0.1 to 2.5 mm, more preferably 0.4 to 2.0 mm, further preferably 0.6 to 1.5 mm, and 0.8 to 1.5 mm. 2 mm is more preferred. Further, the thinner the backing layer K, the narrower the gap between the cutout portion P of the color surface layer U and the flat coloring agent C closest thereto, and the flat coloring agent C appears brighter. This embodiment may or may not be used together with the second and third embodiments.

請求の範囲控。項C1:複数の層が積層された装飾体であって、前記複数の層が、透過性を有する透過層と、前記透過層より可視光線の少なくとも一部の波長における透過性が低い色面層と、前記透過層より可視光線の少なくとも一部の波長における透過性が低く前記色面層とは異なる層である補助色面層と、透過性を有する部分が前記透過性を有する部分とは異なる色の着色剤を含む着色層と、を含み、前記装飾体が、前記積層方向に垂直な面を区分する複数の部分領域を有し、前記複数の部分領域が、前記色面層を有する部分領域と、前記色面層を有さない部分領域と、を含み、前記有さない部分領域の少なくとも一部において、前記積層方向からの視線に対し、前記透過層を透過して前記補助色面層が見えかつ前記着色層が見えない装飾体。項C2:前記透過層の一部が前記色面層に接合された、項C1に記載の装飾体。項C3:前記有する部分領域において前記透過層が前記色面層に接合された、項C1又は2に記載の装飾体。項C4:前記補助色面層が見える部分を含む前記有さない部分領域の少なくとも一部が前記積層方向に垂直な面における前記装飾体の端部に接する、項C1~3の何れかに記載の装飾体(図7bのような態様を含む)。項C5:前記色面層及び前記補助色面層が前記積層方向において一部の部分領域で重なる、項C1から4の何れかに記載の装飾体。項C6:前記重なる部分領域の色面層が前記重なる部分領域以外の色面層に連続し、前記重なる部分領域の補助色面層が前記重なる部分領域以外の補助色面層に連続する、項C5に記載の装飾体。項C7:前記着色剤が薄片状であり、前記着色剤の最大長さが0.02mm以上であり、前記着色剤の少なくとも一部において、それぞれの最大長さが、前記最大長さの中点を通り前記最大長さの方向に直交する断面の径のうち前記中点を通る最も短い長さの5倍以上である、項C1~6の何れかに記載の装飾体。項C8:前記有さない部分領域の一部が前記着色層を有し、前記有さない部分領域の有する前記着色層が前記透過部を透過して見える、項C1~7の何れかに記載の装飾体(抜き部分P)。項C9:前記色面層と前記着色層とが、透過性を有し前記透過層とは異なる層を間に挟む、項C1~8の何れかに記載の装飾体。項C10:前記補助色面層と前記着色層とが前記積層方向に垂直な各方向における端部同士で接合されたか、前記色面層と前記補助色面層又は前記着色層の少なくとも一方とが前記垂直な面で接合されたか、の少なくとも一方である、項C1~9の何れかに記載の装飾体。項C11:前記色面層と前記補助色面層とが前記積層方向においてそれぞれ異なる位置を有し、かつ互いに連続しないか又は互いの間に接合部分を有するかの少なくとも一方である、項C1~10の何れかに記載の装飾体。項C12:前記色面層の視感透過率が50%以下である、項C1~11の何れかに記載の装飾体。項C13:前記色面層と他の層との間に接着層を有する、項C1~12の何れかに記載の装飾体。項C14:前記装飾体が板状である、項C1~13の何れかに記載の装飾体。項C15:前記有さない部分領域において前記透過層と前記透過層に接する別の層とが化学拡散接合である、項C1~14の何れかに記載の装飾体。項C16:前記有さない部分領域の一部が文字・ロゴ・図形・模様の少なくとも何れかの形状である、項C1~15の何れかに記載の装飾体。項C17:材料を切断する切断部と、複数の材料を接合する貼合部と、を有し、項C1~16の何れかに記載の装飾体を製造する装飾体製造装置。項C18:材料を切断する切断工程と、複数の材料を接合する貼合工程と、を有し、項C1~16の何れかに記載の装飾体を製造する装飾体製造方法。 Claim copy. Item C1: A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers includes a transparent layer having transparency and a color surface layer having lower transparency in at least part of the wavelength of visible light than the transparent layer and an auxiliary color surface layer, which is a layer different from the color surface layer and has lower transmittance in at least part of the wavelength of visible light than the transmission layer, and a portion having transparency different from the portion having transparency. and a colored layer containing a colorant, wherein the decorative body has a plurality of partial regions dividing a plane perpendicular to the lamination direction, and the plurality of partial regions have the colored surface layer. and a partial area that does not have the color plane layer, and in at least a part of the partial area that does not have the auxiliary color plane, a line of sight from the stacking direction is transmitted through the transmission layer and the auxiliary color plane A decorative body in which the layer is visible and the colored layer is invisible. Term C2: The decorative body according to Term C1, wherein part of the transmissive layer is joined to the color surface layer. Term C3: The decorative body according to Term C1 or 2, wherein the transmissive layer is joined to the color surface layer in the partial region. Term C4: according to any one of Term C1 to 3, wherein at least part of the non-having partial region including the portion where the auxiliary color surface layer is visible is in contact with the edge of the decorative body on the plane perpendicular to the lamination direction. decoration (including the embodiment as shown in FIG. 7b). Item C5: The decorative body according to any one of Items C1 to 4, wherein the color surface layer and the auxiliary color surface layer partially overlap in the lamination direction. Term C6: Term wherein the color surface layer of the overlapping partial region is continuous with the color surface layer other than the overlapping partial region, and the auxiliary color surface layer of the overlapping partial region is continuous with the auxiliary color surface layer other than the overlapping partial region. A decoration according to C5. Term C7: The colorant is flaky, the maximum length of the colorant is 0.02 mm or more, and the maximum length of at least a portion of the colorant is the midpoint of the maximum length. 7. The decorative body according to any one of Items C1 to 6, wherein the diameter of the cross section passing through and perpendicular to the direction of the maximum length is five times or more the shortest length passing through the midpoint. Term C8: according to any one of Term C1 to 7, wherein a part of the non-having partial region has the colored layer, and the colored layer of the non-having partial region can be seen through the transmission portion. decoration (removed part P). Item C9: The decorative body according to any one of Items C1 to C8, wherein the colored layer and the colored layer sandwich a transparent layer different from the transparent layer. Term C10: The auxiliary color layer and the colored layer are joined together at their ends in each direction perpendicular to the stacking direction, or the color layer and at least one of the auxiliary color layer and the colored layer The decorative body according to any one of items C1 to 9, which is at least one of joined at the vertical plane. Item C11: Items C1 to C1, wherein the color layer and the auxiliary color layer have different positions in the stacking direction, and are not continuous with each other or have a joint portion between them. 11. The decorative body according to any one of 10. Item C12: The decorative body according to any one of Items C1 to C11, wherein the color layer has a luminous transmittance of 50% or less. Item C13: The decorative body according to any one of Items C1 to C12, which has an adhesive layer between the color surface layer and another layer. Item C14: The decoration according to any one of Items C1 to C13, wherein the decoration is plate-shaped. Item C15: The decorative body according to any one of Items C1 to C14, wherein the permeable layer and another layer in contact with the permeable layer in the non-having partial region are chemical diffusion bonded. Term C16: The decorative body according to any one of Term C1 to C15, wherein a part of the non-having partial region has at least one shape of a character, a logo, a figure, or a pattern. Item C17: A decoration manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the decoration according to any one of Items C1 to C16, having a cutting section for cutting materials and a bonding section for bonding a plurality of materials. Term C18: A decoration manufacturing method for manufacturing the decoration according to any one of Term C1 to C16, comprising a cutting step of cutting a material and a bonding step of bonding a plurality of materials.

《第5の実施形態》
前述のように、粒子サイズの大きな扁平着色剤Cが扁平着色層M中で密集しすぎると扁平着色層Mが容易に割れる。そのため、扁平着色層M内の扁平着色剤Cにはある程度の隙間が必要である。色面層Uの抜き部分Pに扁平着色剤Cが見えるような用途では、このような隙間は扁平着色剤Cの加飾性を低下させる。扁平着色層Mの積層によりこの隙間は減るが、完全になくなることはない。上記の低透過層Qが裁断前の扁平着色剤Cのシートであれば、この隙間が完全に充填される。この低透過層Qは扁平着色剤Cの色に近いほど、あるいは高反射率であるほど、扁平着色剤Cの隙間をふさぐという目的の解決には効果的である。このための層を補充着色層Wとする。貼合部45は扁平着色剤Cに近い色の有色透明のマーキングフィルム等をアルミ箔等の高反射性金属板や白紙等の拡散反射率が高い板に重ねて貼付してもよい。マーキングフィルムは粘着層のない色セロファンやカラーフィルター等でもよい。マーキングフィルムは塗膜でもよい。補充着色層Wと扁平着色剤Cとで色が近似しなくてもよく、その場合にはまた別の効果が得られる。
<<Fifth Embodiment>>
As described above, when the flat coloring agent C having a large particle size is too dense in the flat colored layer M, the flat colored layer M is easily cracked. Therefore, the flat colorant C in the flat colored layer M must have a certain amount of clearance. In applications where the flat coloring agent C is visible in the cutout portion P of the color surface layer U, such a gap reduces the decorativeness of the flat coloring agent C. Lamination of the flat colored layers M reduces this gap, but it does not completely eliminate it. If the low-permeability layer Q is a flat colorant C sheet before being cut, the gap is completely filled. The closer the color of the low-transmittance layer Q to the flat colorant C or the higher the reflectance, the more effective it is in solving the object of closing the gaps between the flat colorants C. FIG. A supplementary colored layer W is provided for this purpose. The pasting portion 45 may be formed by laminating a colored transparent marking film or the like having a color close to that of the flat coloring agent C to a highly reflective metal plate such as aluminum foil or a plate having a high diffuse reflectance such as white paper. The marking film may be colored cellophane or a color filter without an adhesive layer. The marking film may be a coating. The colors of the replenishment coloring layer W and the flat coloring agent C do not have to be similar, in which case another effect can be obtained.

補充着色層Wの少なくとも一部の45°正反射率(絶対反射測定による)は、好ましくは40%以上・より好ましくは50%以上・さらに好ましくは60%以上・一層好ましくは70%以上である。補充着色層Wの扁平着色剤Cとのマンセル表色系(D65)における色相(全20ステップ)の差は、好ましくは3ステップ以下・より好ましくは2ステップ以下・さらに好ましくは1ステップ以下・一層好ましくは0.5ステップ以下である。ただし補充着色層W又は扁平着色剤Cの少なくとも一方が構造色等により玉虫状の色の変化を呈する場合・前記少なくとも一方の色が各部で異なり、それぞれの色の範囲が測定限界未満である場合・前記少なくとも一方のサイズが測定機器の測定限界未満である場合等には、試料の色の特定及び測定が困難である。そのようなやむをえない場合、正反射時ではない状態において、JIS標準色票との視覚的比較により色相の差が認定されてもよい。又はJIS Z 8723に基づく視感比較法が、反射材ではあるが適用されうる。観察面に対して法線方向から観察し、D65の照明を正反射が視界に入らない方向から規定の条件で照射する。その色差評価等級表による補充着色層Wと扁平着色剤Cとの色相差は、好ましくは4号以下・より好ましくは3号以下・さらに好ましくは2号以下である。特記時には、補充着色層Wの扁平着色剤Cと色差ΔE00(CIE DE2000)は、好ましくは40.0以下・より好ましくは20.0以下・さらに好ましくは10.0以下・一層好ましくは5.0以下である。これらいずれかを満たせば、扁平着色剤の色及び補充着色層Wの色が規定された方法によって互いに類似の範囲内であると認められる。本実施形態のまずもっての目的は、扁平着色剤C同士の隙間が目立たないことである。補充着色層Wは、扁平着色剤Cの奥にあって光が当たりにくいので、それらの明度及び彩度の差はほとんど影響を与えない。よってそれらの色相が近ければ見分けがつきにくく、この目的が達成される。 The 45° regular reflectance (measured by absolute reflectance measurement) of at least part of the supplementary colored layer W is preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more, still more preferably 60% or more, and still more preferably 70% or more. . The difference in hue (total of 20 steps) in the Munsell color system (D65) between the replenishment colored layer W and the flat colorant C is preferably 3 steps or less, more preferably 2 steps or less, further preferably 1 step or less, and one layer Preferably, it is 0.5 steps or less. However, when at least one of the replenishing colored layer W or the flat coloring agent C exhibits an iridescent color change due to structural color, etc. ・When the color of at least one of the above is different in each part and the range of each color is less than the measurement limit - When at least one of the sizes is less than the measurement limit of the measuring instrument, it is difficult to specify and measure the color of the sample. In such an unavoidable case, the difference in hue may be recognized by visual comparison with the JIS standard color chart in a non-regular reflection state. Alternatively, a visual comparison method based on JIS Z 8723 can be applied, although it is a reflective material. Observation is made from the normal direction to the observation surface, and illumination of D65 is irradiated under prescribed conditions from a direction in which specular reflection does not enter the field of vision. According to the color difference evaluation grade table, the hue difference between the supplementary colored layer W and the flat coloring agent C is preferably No. 4 or less, more preferably No. 3 or less, and still more preferably No. 2 or less. In particular, the color difference ΔE 00 (CIE DE2000) between the flat colorant C of the supplementary colored layer W is preferably 40.0 or less, more preferably 20.0 or less, still more preferably 10.0 or less, and still more preferably 5.0. 0 or less. If any one of these conditions is satisfied, the color of the flat coloring agent and the color of the supplementary coloring layer W are recognized to be within a range similar to each other by the specified method. The first object of this embodiment is to make the gaps between the flat colorants C inconspicuous. Since the supplementary colored layer W is located behind the flat colorant C and is not easily exposed to light, the difference in lightness and chroma thereof has little effect. Therefore, if their hues are close, it is difficult to distinguish them, and this purpose is achieved.

請求の範囲控。項D1:複数の層が積層された装飾体であって、前記複数の層が、透過性を有する部分に扁平着色剤が分散された扁平着色層と、前記透過性を有する部分より透過性が低い補充着色層を含み、前記扁平着色剤の最大長さが0.02mm以上であり、前記扁平着色剤の少なくとも一部において、それぞれの最大長さが、前記最大長さの中点を通り前記最大長さの方向に直交する断面の径のうち前記中点を通る最も短い長さの5倍以上である装飾体。項D2:前記扁平着色剤の色及び前記補充着色層の色が、規定された方法によって互いに類似の範囲内と認められる、項D1に記載の装飾体。項D3:前記扁平着色層に対する前記補充着色層の反対側に色面層を有し、前記積層方向に垂直な面において、前記色面層が複数の部分を有し、前記複数の部分の一部が前記色面層の端部に少なくとも一部で接せず、かつ前記色面層が存在しない抜き部分であり、前記抜き部分を通して前記扁平着色層が観察可能である、項D1又は2に記載の装飾体。項D4:前記補充着色層が金属光沢を有する、項D1~3の何れかに記載の装飾体。項D5:前記扁平着色層が金属光沢を有する、項D1~4の何れかに記載の装飾体。項D6:前記扁平着色層が複数である、項D1~5の何れかに記載の装飾体。項D7:前記扁平着色剤が薄片状である、項D1~6の何れかに記載の装飾体。項D8:前記扁平着色層の厚さが好ましくは2.8mm以上・より好ましくは4.8mm以上・さらに好ましくは5.6mm以上である、項D1~7の何れかに記載の装飾体。項D9:板状体である、前記最大長さが1mm以上である、項D1~8の何れかに記載の装飾体。項D10:材料を切断する切断部と、複数の材料を接合する貼合部と、を有し、項D1~9の何れかに記載の装飾体を製造する装飾体製造装置。項D11:材料を切断する切断工程と、複数の材料を接合する貼合工程と、を有し、項D1~9の何れかに記載の装飾体を製造する装飾体製造方法。 Claim copy. Item D1: A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated, wherein the plurality of layers are composed of a flat colored layer in which a flat coloring agent is dispersed in a portion having transparency, and a portion having transparency than the portion having transparency wherein the maximum length of the flat colorant is 0.02 mm or more, and the maximum length of each of at least some of the flat colorants passes through the midpoint of the maximum length; A decoration whose cross-sectional diameter is at least five times the shortest length passing through the midpoint among the diameters of a cross section orthogonal to the direction of maximum length. Term D2: The decoration according to Term D1, wherein the color of the flat coloring agent and the color of the supplementary coloring layer are found to be within similar ranges to each other by a prescribed method. Term D3: A colored surface layer is provided on the side opposite to the supplemental colored layer with respect to the flat colored layer, the colored surface layer has a plurality of portions on a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction, and one of the plurality of portions Item D1 or 2, wherein at least a part of the part does not touch the edge of the color surface layer, the color surface layer is not present, and the flat colored layer is observable through the cutout portion. Described decorations. Item D4: The decorative body according to any one of Items D1 to 3, wherein the supplementary colored layer has a metallic luster. Item D5: The decorative body according to any one of Items D1 to 4, wherein the flat colored layer has a metallic luster. Item D6: The decorative body according to any one of Items D1 to D5, wherein the flat colored layer is plural. Item D7: The decorative body according to any one of Items D1 to D6, wherein the flat colorant is in the form of flakes. Item D8: The decorative body according to any one of Items D1 to D7, wherein the thickness of the flat colored layer is preferably 2.8 mm or more, more preferably 4.8 mm or more, further preferably 5.6 mm or more. Item D9: The decorative body according to any one of Items D1 to D8, which is a plate-like body and has a maximum length of 1 mm or more. Item D10: A decoration manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the decoration according to any one of Items D1 to D9, having a cutting section for cutting materials and a bonding section for bonding a plurality of materials. Item D11: A decoration manufacturing method for manufacturing the decoration according to any one of Items D1 to D9, comprising a cutting step of cutting a material and a bonding step of bonding a plurality of materials.

上記各実施形態はそれぞれの発明の実施の一例である。各発明の技術的範囲は上記の範囲には限定されない。当業者にとって、上記各実施形態に多様な変更又は改良を加えることが可能である。そのような変更又は改良を加えた形態も本発明の技術的範囲に含まれ得ることが、請求の範囲及び請求の範囲控の記載から明らかである。また、各実施形態は、特記されない事項を含む多くの点において互いに共通する。各実施形態は組み合わせて実施されてもよい。項A1~18・項B1~17・項C1~16・項D1~の各従属項は、それぞれが引用する項とは別の項にも従属しうる。つまり例えば、項CXは、項C1等のみならず、項A1・項B1・項D1等も引用可能である。上記各特徴は、組み合わせて実施されることでそれぞれの効果を同時かつ相乗的にもたらす。 Each of the above embodiments is an example of implementation of the respective invention. The technical scope of each invention is not limited to the above range. A person skilled in the art can add various modifications or improvements to each of the above embodiments. It is clear from the claims and the copy of the claims that forms with such modifications or improvements can also be included in the technical scope of the present invention. In addition, each embodiment has many points in common including items not specifically mentioned. Each embodiment may be implemented in combination. Each dependent claim of Sections A1-18, B1-17, C1-16, and D1- can also be dependent on a section other than the section to which it refers. That is, for example, the term CX can refer not only to the term C1, etc., but also to the term A1, the term B1, the term D1, and the like. Each of the above features brings about their respective effects simultaneously and synergistically by being implemented in combination.

本発明が提供する装飾体Dは、例えば看板・店舗サイン・社名表示板・表札・案内板・広告表示板等の各種サイン、店舗等のディスプレイ・什器、窓・壁面・インテリア・エクステリア・オブジェといった建築物関連、自動車・電車・航空機・船舶等の乗り物、携帯情報端末・コンピュータといった家電製品等の装飾に有用である。 The decorative body D provided by the present invention includes, for example, various signs such as signboards, store signs, company name display boards, nameplates, information boards, and advertising display boards, displays and fixtures for shops, windows, walls, interiors, exteriors, and objects. It is useful for decorating buildings, vehicles such as automobiles, trains, aircraft, and ships, and home electric appliances such as personal digital assistants and computers.

20 材料板、 22 色面層材料、 30 画像、 40 装飾体製造装置、 41 色面層切断部、 42 色面層接合部、 43 溝加工部、 44 塗布部、 45 貼合部、 S41 色面層切断工程、 S42 色面層接合工程、 S43 溝加工工程、 S44 塗布工程、 S45 貼合工程、 A 接着層、 B 粘着剤、 C 扁平着色剤、 D 装飾体、 E 端部、 F 表面部、 K 裏打ち層、 M 扁平着色層、 L 透過部、 R 裏面部、 S 補助色面層、 T 被覆層、 U・U11・U12 色面層 20 Material plate 22 Color surface layer material 30 Image 40 Decorative body manufacturing device 41 Color surface layer cutting unit 42 Color surface layer joining unit 43 Grooving unit 44 Application unit 45 Bonding unit S41 Color surface Layer cutting step S42 Color surface layer joining step S43 Grooving step S44 Coating step S45 Bonding step A Adhesive layer B Adhesive C Flat colorant D Decorative body E End portion F Surface portion K: backing layer, M: flat colored layer, L: transmissive part, R: back part, S: auxiliary color surface layer, T: coating layer, U/U11/U12 color surface layer

Claims (17)

複数の層が積層された装飾体であって、
前記複数の層が、透過性を有する透過層と、
前記透過層より可視光線の少なくとも一部の波長における透過性が低い色面層と、
前記透過層より可視光線の少なくとも一部の波長における透過性が低く前記色面層とは異なる層である補助色面層と、
透過性を有する部分が前記透過性を有する部分とは異なる色の着色剤を含む着色層と、を含み、
前記装飾体が、前記積層方向に垂直な面を区分する複数の部分領域を有し、前記複数の部分領域が、前記色面層を有する部分領域と、前記色面層を有さない部分領域と、を含み、
前記有さない部分領域の少なくとも一部において、前記積層方向からの視線に対し、前記透過層を透過して前記補助色面層が見えかつ前記着色層が見えない装飾体。
A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated,
The plurality of layers is a permeable layer having transparency;
a color surface layer having lower transmittance for at least part of the wavelengths of visible light than the transmissive layer;
an auxiliary color layer which is a layer different from the color layer and has lower transmittance for at least part of the wavelengths of visible light than the transmission layer;
a colored layer in which a portion having transparency contains a colorant having a color different from that of the portion having transparency;
The decorative body has a plurality of partial regions dividing a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction, and the plurality of partial regions includes a partial region having the color layer and a partial region not having the color layer. and including
In at least a part of the non-having partial region, the decorative body allows the auxiliary color surface layer to be seen through the transparent layer and the colored layer to be invisible with respect to the line of sight from the lamination direction.
前記透過層の一部が前記色面層に接合された、請求項1に記載の装飾体。 2. The decoration according to claim 1, wherein a part of said transmissive layer is joined to said color surface layer. 前記有する部分領域において前記透過層が前記色面層に接合された、請求項1又は2に記載の装飾体。 3. The decorative body according to claim 1, wherein said transmissive layer is joined to said color surface layer in said partial region. 前記補助色面層が見える部分を含む前記有さない部分領域の少なくとも一部が前記積層方向に垂直な面における前記装飾体の端部に接する、請求項1~3の何れかに記載の装飾体。 4. The decoration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least a part of the partial area not having the auxiliary color surface layer, including the part where the auxiliary color surface layer is visible, is in contact with an end of the decoration on a plane perpendicular to the lamination direction. body. 前記色面層及び前記補助色面層が前記積層方向において一部の部分領域で重なる、請求項1から4の何れかに記載の装飾体。 The decorative body according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the color plane layer and the auxiliary color layer overlap in a partial region in the stacking direction. 前記重なる部分領域の色面層が前記重なる部分領域以外の色面層に連続し、前記重なる部分領域の補助色面層が前記重なる部分領域以外の補助色面層に連続する、請求項5に記載の装飾体。 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the color surface layer of said overlapping partial region is continuous with the color surface layer other than said overlapping partial region, and the auxiliary color surface layer of said overlapping partial region is continuous with said auxiliary color surface layer other than said overlapping partial region. Described decorations. 前記着色剤が薄片状であり、前記着色剤の最大長さが0.02mm以上であり、前記着色剤の少なくとも一部において、それぞれの最大長さが、前記最大長さの中点を通り前記最大長さの方向に直交する断面の径のうち前記中点を通る最も短い長さの5倍以上である、請求項1~6の何れかに記載の装飾体。 The coloring agent is flaky, the maximum length of the coloring agent is 0.02 mm or more, and at least a part of the coloring agent has a maximum length passing through the midpoint of the maximum length. The decorative body according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the diameter of the cross section orthogonal to the direction of the maximum length is five times or more the shortest length passing through the midpoint. 前記有さない部分領域の一部が前記着色層を有し、前記有さない部分領域の有する前記着色層が前記透過部を透過して見える、請求項1~7の何れかに記載の装飾体(抜き部分P)。 8. The decoration according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a part of said partial area not having said colored layer has said colored layer, and said colored layer possessed by said partial area not having said colored layer can be seen through said transmission part. body (cutout part P); 前記色面層と前記着色層とが、透過性を有し前記透過層とは異なる層を間に挟む、請求項1~8の何れかに記載の装飾体。 The decorative body according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the colored layer and the colored layer sandwich a transparent layer different from the transparent layer. 前記補助色面層と前記着色層とが前記積層方向に垂直な各方向における端部同士で接合されたか、前記色面層と前記補助色面層又は前記着色層の少なくとも一方とが前記垂直な面で接合されたか、の少なくとも一方である、請求項1~9の何れかに記載の装飾体。 The auxiliary color layer and the colored layer are joined together at their ends in each direction perpendicular to the stacking direction, or the color layer and at least one of the auxiliary color layer and the colored layer are joined together in the perpendicular direction. 10. The decorative body according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is at least one of joined by faces. 前記色面層と前記補助色面層とが前記積層方向においてそれぞれ異なる位置を有し、かつ互いに連続しないか又は互いの間に接合部分を有するかの少なくとも一方である、請求項1~10の何れかに記載の装飾体。 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the color layer and the auxiliary color layer have different positions in the stacking direction, and are at least one of discontinuous to each other and having a joint portion between them. A decoration according to any one of the above. 前記色面層の視感透過率が50%以下である、請求項1~11の何れかに記載の装飾体。 The decoration according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the color layer has a luminous transmittance of 50% or less. 前記色面層と他の層との間に接着層を有する、請求項1~12の何れかに記載の装飾体。 The decoration according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising an adhesive layer between said color surface layer and another layer. 前記装飾体が板状である、請求項1~13の何れかに記載の装飾体。 The decorative body according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the decorative body is plate-shaped. 前記有さない部分領域において前記透過層と前記透過層に接する別の層とが化学拡散接合である、請求項1~14の何れかに記載の装飾体。 The decorative body according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein said permeable layer and another layer in contact with said permeable layer in said non-having partial region are chemical diffusion bonded. 材料を切断する切断部と、
複数の材料を接合する貼合部と、を有し、
複数の層が積層された装飾体であって、
前記複数の層が、透過性を有する透過層と、
前記透過層より可視光線の少なくとも一部の波長における透過性が低い色面層と、
前記透過層より可視光線の少なくとも一部の波長における透過性が低く前記色面層とは異なる層である補助色面層と、
透過性を有する部分が前記透過性を有する部分とは異なる色の着色剤を含む着色層と、を含み、
前記装飾体が、前記積層方向に垂直な面を区分する複数の部分領域を有し、前記複数の部分領域が、前記色面層を有する部分領域と、前記色面層を有さない部分領域と、を含み、
前記有さない部分領域の少なくとも一部において、前記積層方向からの視線に対し、前記透過層を透過して前記補助色面層が見えかつ前記着色層が見えない装飾体
を製造する装飾体製造装置。
a cutting section for cutting the material;
and a bonding portion that bonds a plurality of materials,
A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated,
The plurality of layers is a permeable layer having transparency;
a color surface layer having lower transmittance for at least part of the wavelengths of visible light than the transmissive layer;
an auxiliary color layer which is a layer different from the color layer and has lower transmittance for at least part of the wavelengths of visible light than the transmission layer;
a colored layer in which a portion having transparency contains a colorant having a color different from that of the portion having transparency;
The decorative body has a plurality of partial regions dividing a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction, and the plurality of partial regions includes a partial region having the color layer and a partial region not having the color layer. and including
manufacturing a decorative body in which the auxiliary color surface layer is visible through the transparent layer and the colored layer is invisible in at least a part of the non-having partial region with respect to a line of sight from the lamination direction. Device.
材料を切断する切断工程と、
複数の材料を接合する貼合工程と、を有し、
複数の層が積層された装飾体であって、
前記複数の層が、透過性を有する透過層と、
前記透過層より可視光線の少なくとも一部の波長における透過性が低い色面層と、
前記透過層より可視光線の少なくとも一部の波長における透過性が低く前記色面層とは異なる層である補助色面層と、
透過性を有する部分が前記透過性を有する部分とは異なる色の着色剤を含む着色層と、を含み、
前記装飾体が、前記積層方向に垂直な面を区分する複数の部分領域を有し、前記複数の部分領域が、前記色面層を有する部分領域と、前記色面層を有さない部分領域と、を含み、
前記有さない部分領域の少なくとも一部において、前記積層方向からの視線に対し、前記透過層を透過して前記補助色面層が見えかつ前記着色層が見えない装飾体
を製造する装飾体製造方法
a cutting step of cutting the material;
and a bonding step of bonding a plurality of materials,
A decorative body in which a plurality of layers are laminated,
The plurality of layers is a permeable layer having transparency;
a color surface layer having lower transmittance for at least part of the wavelengths of visible light than the transmissive layer;
an auxiliary color layer which is a layer different from the color layer and has lower transmittance for at least part of the wavelengths of visible light than the transmission layer;
a colored layer in which a portion having transparency contains a colorant having a color different from that of the portion having transparency;
The decorative body has a plurality of partial regions dividing a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction, and the plurality of partial regions includes a partial region having the color layer and a partial region not having the color layer. and including
Manufacture of a decorative body in which, in at least a part of the non-having partial region, a decorative body in which the auxiliary color surface layer is visible through the transparent layer and the colored layer is invisible to a line of sight from the lamination direction is manufactured. Method
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JPH11348222A (en) * 1998-06-11 1999-12-21 Trinity Ind Corp Surface-processed product
JP2001150624A (en) * 1999-11-25 2001-06-05 Honda Motor Co Ltd Decorative sheet
JP2018167500A (en) * 2017-03-30 2018-11-01 大日本印刷株式会社 Decorative sheet for exterior
JP2020114633A (en) * 2019-01-17 2020-07-30 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー Decorative laminated film and method for manufacturing the same
WO2021066185A2 (en) * 2019-10-03 2021-04-08 正義 平井 Decorative body, decorative body manufacturing apparatus, and decorative body manufacturing method

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JPH11348222A (en) * 1998-06-11 1999-12-21 Trinity Ind Corp Surface-processed product
JP2001150624A (en) * 1999-11-25 2001-06-05 Honda Motor Co Ltd Decorative sheet
JP2018167500A (en) * 2017-03-30 2018-11-01 大日本印刷株式会社 Decorative sheet for exterior
JP2020114633A (en) * 2019-01-17 2020-07-30 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー Decorative laminated film and method for manufacturing the same
WO2021066185A2 (en) * 2019-10-03 2021-04-08 正義 平井 Decorative body, decorative body manufacturing apparatus, and decorative body manufacturing method

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