JP2022536997A - ガス化反応器およびガス化方法 - Google Patents
ガス化反応器およびガス化方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
インラインまたはオーバーファイアの天然ガスバーナが点火され、天然ガスと混合されたガス化炉の空気のスリップ流が燃焼され、流動床の頂部に方向付けされて、耐火物を裏打したバイオガス化炉反応器を加熱する。
バイオガス化プロセスにおける酸素欠乏環境は、反応器に入る酸化剤空気およびガスのレベルを制御することによって達成することができる。酸化剤空気または周囲空気は、約23.2重量%の酸素からなる。酸化剤ガス、またはリサイクル煙道ガスは、5重量%~15重量%で変化し得る酸素レベルからなる。
バイオガス化炉への乾燥バイオソリッドの供給が開始されるとき、酸化機の空気がオンになり、熱交換器19(図1)の中を通過し、そこでゆっくりと予熱されてから酸化機12に添加される。酸化機には発火源を適合することができ、発生炉ガスが反応チャンバに達するとき、酸化が始まり、かなりの燃焼熱が生成される。
以下は、本発明の実施形態による、気泡流動床バイオガス化反応器用の最良の寸法の計算を示す非限定的な例を提供する。この例では、バイオガス化炉は、2つの特定の運転条件:既存の脱水ユニットから乾燥機に送られた脱水汚泥の平均固体含有量に対する、乾燥機から発生した現在の最大乾燥バイオソリッド産出量と、固体含有量25%の脱水汚泥が乾燥し、5400ポンド/時の水が汚泥から蒸発する定常状態運転中に、バイオソリッド加工システム全体が外部エネルギー、例えば天然ガスを消費せずに運転しなければならない場合、乾燥機がバイオガス化炉に送達しなければならない将来の最大乾燥バイオソリッドの供給速度と、に適応するようにサイズ設定されている。
Claims (15)
- ガス化反応器であって、
逆円錐区域を備えた底部を有する円筒形状である反応器槽と、
前記反応器槽の上半分を構成するフリーボード区域であって、1日あたり40トン超の燃料の変換から生成されたガスを収容するようにサイズ設定された直径を有する、フリーボード区域と、
前記フリーボード区域の真下に位置する前記反応器槽内の床区域内の流動床であって、1日あたり40トン超の燃料をガスへと加工および変換するようにサイズ設定された直径を有する、流動床と、
前記フリーボード区域の真下に位置する少なくとも2つの燃料供給入口であって、ガス化炉の定常状態運転中に、1日あたり40トン超の燃料の燃料供給速度で燃料を前記反応器槽の中に供給するように構成されている、燃料入口と、
パイプ分配器であるガス分配器であって、主空気入口、側方空気分岐を有する中央幹線、および前記側方空気分岐の各々上に位置するノズルのアレイを備える、ガス分配器と、を備え、
前記パイプ分配器が、前記反応器槽の前記逆円錐区域内に位置し、前記反応器槽の前記円錐区域が、煙道ガスおよび空気を前記パイプ分配器の主空気入口およびノズルのアレイに供給する少なくとも1つのガス入口を備え、それによって前記ガスが、前記反応器槽の前記流動床区域に方向付けされる、ガス化反応器。 - さらに、前記側方空気分岐が、前記中央幹線からガスを受け取るために1つの端部で開口し、もう一方の端部で閉鎖されている、請求項1に記載のガス化反応器。
- 前記中央幹線が、少なくとも10個の側方空気分岐を有する、請求項1に記載のガス化反応器。
- 前記側方空気分岐が、前記中央幹線の周りに対称的に隔置されている、請求項1に記載のガス化反応器。
- 前記フリーボード区域が、少なくとも137インチの直径を有し、前記流動床が、少なくとも108インチの直径を有する、請求項1に記載のガス化反応器。
- さらに、前記主空気入口が、上部部分および下部部分を有し、前記上部部分が、前記中央幹線内の開口部と位置合わせされ、前記主空気入口の前記下部部分が、前記ガス入口に接続されたパイプに接続されている、請求項1に記載のガス化反応器。
- さらに、前記パイプが、フランジで前記ガス入口に接続されている、請求項6に記載のガス化反応器。
- さらに、前記側方空気分岐が、前記反応器槽の前記底部の前記直径内に対称的に適合するように様々な長さのものである、請求項1に記載のガス化反応器。
- さらに、前記ノズルの各々が、前記ガスを前記反応器槽の前記底部へと下向きに方向付けするように構成されている、請求項1に記載のガス化反応器。
- さらに、前記ノズルが、前記ガスを45度の角度で下向きに方向付けする、請求項9に記載のガス化反応器。
- 不活性媒体を添加するための少なくとも1つの入口をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の反応器。
- 凝集物用の出口と、発生炉ガス用の出口と、をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の反応器。
- 前記フリーボード区域が、運転中に前記反応器からの粒子の同伴を提供するように構成されている、請求項1に記載の反応器。
- 前記反応器の前記底部の下方に適合された灰ふるいをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の反応器。
- 前記フリーボード区域が、定常状態運転中の前記フリーボード区域の内側のガスの空塔速度範囲が0.1m/秒(0.33フィート/秒)~3m/秒(9.84フィート/秒)であるように、前記流動床よりも大きい直径を有する、請求項1に記載の反応器。
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US13/361,582 US9242219B2 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2012-01-30 | Fluidized bed biogasifier and method for gasifying biosolids |
US15/725,637 US20180094199A1 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2017-10-05 | Burner nozzle with backflow prevention for a fluidized bed biogasifier |
US16/445,118 US10611973B2 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2019-06-18 | Gasification reactor with discrete reactor vessel and grate and method of gasification |
US16/445,118 | 2019-06-18 | ||
PCT/US2019/068122 WO2020256783A1 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2019-12-20 | A gasification reactor and method of gasification |
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EP (1) | EP3986986A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2022536997A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2019452201A1 (ja) |
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US20180094199A1 (en) * | 2012-01-30 | 2018-04-05 | Aries Gasification, Llc | Burner nozzle with backflow prevention for a fluidized bed biogasifier |
US10738249B2 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2020-08-11 | Aries Gasification, Llc | Universal feeder for gasification reactors |
WO2020256798A1 (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2020-12-24 | Aries Gasification, Llc | A universal feeder for a gasification reactor |
IT201900012822A1 (it) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-24 | Paolo Pejrani | Dispositivo e procedimento per la valorizzazione dei materiali di scarto normalizzati contenenti frazioni organiche |
CN112029541B (zh) * | 2020-07-27 | 2021-05-11 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | 一种加氢气化炉 |
US11339337B1 (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2022-05-24 | Aries Clean Technologies Llc | Elimination of poly- and perfluoro alkyl substances (PFAS) in a wastewater biosolids gasification process using a thermal oxidizer and hydrated lime injection |
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