JP2022529905A - 誘電性熱管理流体およびその使用方法 - Google Patents
誘電性熱管理流体およびその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022529905A JP2022529905A JP2021560000A JP2021560000A JP2022529905A JP 2022529905 A JP2022529905 A JP 2022529905A JP 2021560000 A JP2021560000 A JP 2021560000A JP 2021560000 A JP2021560000 A JP 2021560000A JP 2022529905 A JP2022529905 A JP 2022529905A
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- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- control fluid
- heat
- thermal control
- halocarbons
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 413
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001348 alkyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1CC KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DFUYAWQUODQGFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane Chemical compound CCOC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F DFUYAWQUODQGFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- LWRNQOBXRHWPGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4a,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8a-heptadecafluoro-8-(trifluoromethyl)naphthalene Chemical compound FC1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C2(F)C(C(F)(F)F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C21F LWRNQOBXRHWPGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIROQPWSJUXOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6-undecafluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F QIROQPWSJUXOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHQSODYIEVVICX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-tetracosafluorododec-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MHQSODYIEVVICX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PKQYSCBUFZOAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibenzyl-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC=1C(C)=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 PKQYSCBUFZOAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRGYOFYTTFLPQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,4,4-pentafluoro-2,5-bis(1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropan-2-yl)-5-methoxyoxolane Chemical compound COC1(OC(F)(C(F)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F)C(F)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F YRGYOFYTTFLPQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IGNSCBDFJITTAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pentane Chemical compound CCOC(F)(C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F IGNSCBDFJITTAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HHBBIOLEJRWIGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,5,6,6,6-dodecafluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)hexane Chemical compound CCOC(F)(C(F)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F HHBBIOLEJRWIGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004074 biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KFUSEUYYWQURPO-UPHRSURJSA-N cis-1,2-dichloroethene Chemical group Cl\C=C/Cl KFUSEUYYWQURPO-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- BNIXVQGCZULYKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl BNIXVQGCZULYKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229950011087 perflunafene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LOQGSOTUHASIHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluoro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(C(F)(F)F)C1(F)F LOQGSOTUHASIHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UWEYRJFJVCLAGH-IJWZVTFUSA-N perfluorodecalin Chemical compound FC1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)[C@@]2(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)[C@@]21F UWEYRJFJVCLAGH-IJWZVTFUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGUZHRODIJCVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluoroheptane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F LGUZHRODIJCVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- QKAGYSDHEJITFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)pentane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(OC)C(F)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F QKAGYSDHEJITFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YVBBRRALBYAZBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YVBBRRALBYAZBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/10—Liquid materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
- F28D2021/0029—Heat sinks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0043—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for fuel cells
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
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Abstract
Description
本開示は、概して、熱管理流体に関する。本開示は、より詳細には、電気自動車、電気モーター、およびパワーエレクトロニクスで使用されるリチウムイオン電池などの直接冷却を介して電池システム内の熱を管理するために使用するのに適した誘電性熱管理流体、そのような熱管理流体を使用する方法、およびそのような熱管理システムを含むシステムに関する。
本発明者らは、多くの場合、望ましい熱管理流体は、特定の電気デバイスまたはシステム(例えば、リチウムイオン電池)の作動に関連する温度範囲で熱を運び去るための高い容量を有し、しかも、デバイスまたはシステムの直接冷却に使用するのに適した十分に高い誘電率を有するであろうことに留意した。臨界的には、酸素がシステム全体に入る危険性が常にあるので、望ましい熱管理流体は、有利には、発火の危険性を低減するために、引火点が高いか、または理想的にはない。また、操作中のより効率的な熱伝達を提供するために、望ましい熱管理流体は、有利には、特定の電気デバイスまたはシステムにおけるより良好な流動性を可能にする低粘度を有する。
1つまたはそれ以上の誘電性物質を含み、前記誘電性流体は、ASTM D93に従って測定される150℃未満の引火点を有し、25℃で少なくとも1.5の誘電率を有し、前記誘電性流体は、75wt%~99.9wt%の範囲の総量で存在し、および
1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンを含み、前記ハロカーボンはそれぞれ、60℃~200℃の範囲の沸点を有し、0.1wt%~20wt%の範囲の総量で存在し、
ここで、前記1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンは、前記熱管理流体中に均質に分散され、および
前記熱管理流体は、ASTM D93に従って測定される120℃未満の引火点を有さず、さらに前記熱管理流体は、25℃で少なくとも1.5の誘電率を有する
熱管理流体を提供する。
ハウジングと、
ハウジング内に配置された1つまたはそれ以上の電気化学セルと、
ハウジング内に延在し、1つまたはそれ以上の電気化学セルと実質的に熱連通する流体経路と、および
流体経路内に配置される実施形態1~41のいずれかに記載の熱管理流体と
を含む電池システムを提供する。
熱源の周囲および/またはそれを通って延在する流体経路と、
流体経路内を循環し、熱源によって生成された熱エネルギーを吸収するように配置および構成される、実施形態1~41のいずれかに記載の熱管理流体と、
ここで、流体が流体経路、熱交換器、ポンプおよび接続ダクト内に配置されること、
を含む熱管理回路を提供する。
実施形態1~41のいずれかに記載の熱管理流体を、少なくとも25℃の温度を有する表面と接触させ、前記表面は熱源と実質的に熱連通しており、さらに
熱源から表面を通って熱管理流体内に熱エネルギーを吸収すること
を含む方法を提供する。
Claims (25)
- 熱管理流体であって、
1つまたはそれ以上の誘電性物質を含み、前記誘電性流体は、ASTM D93に従って測定される150℃未満の引火点を有し、25℃で少なくとも1.5の誘電率を有し、前記誘電性流体は、75wt%~99.9wt%の範囲の総量で存在し、および
1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンを含み、前記ハロカーボンはそれぞれ、60℃~200℃の範囲の沸点を有し、0.1wt%~20wt%の範囲の総量で存在し、
ここで、前記1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンは、前記熱管理流体中に均質に分散され、および
ここで、前記熱管理流体は、ASTM D93に従って測定される120℃未満の引火点を有さず、さらに前記熱管理流体は、25℃で少なくとも1.5の誘電率を有する
熱管理流体。 - 前記誘電性流体が、ASTM D455に従って測定される40℃で2~10cStの範囲の動粘度を有する請求項1に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記1つまたはそれ以上の誘電性物質のそれぞれが、C14-C50アルキル、ポリオレフィン、およびそれらの任意の組み合わせから選択される請求項1または2に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記誘電性流体が、グループII、グループIII、グループIV、またはグループVの基油である請求項1または2に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記誘電性流体が、80wt%~99.9wt%の範囲の量で存在する請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンのそれぞれが、85℃~200℃の範囲の沸点を有する請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンの少なくとも1つが、フルオロアルカンおよびその酸素化物、フルオロアルケンおよびその酸素化物、フルオロ芳香族化合物、およびフッ素化エーテルから選択されるフルオロカーボンであるか、または1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンの少なくとも1つが、クロロアルカンおよびその酸素化物、クロロアルケンおよびその酸素化物、ならびにクロロ芳香族化合物から選択されるクロロカーボンである請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンのそれぞれが、ASTM D93に従って測定される180℃未満の引火点を有しない請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンのそれぞれが、ASTM D93に従って測定可能な引火点を有しない請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンが、0.5wt%~15wt%の範囲の総量で存在する請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記熱管理流体中の誘電性流体および1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンの総量が、少なくとも95%である請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記熱管理流体が、ASTM D93に従って測定される180℃未満の引火点を有しない請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記熱管理流体がASTM D93に従って測定可能な引火点を有しない請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- 前記熱管理流体が、誘電性流体の引火点の10℃超より低い引火点を有しない請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- ASTM D455に従って測定される40℃で2~10cStの範囲の動粘度を有する請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- 25℃で1g/cm3以下の濃度を有する請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体。
- 電池システムであって
ハウジングと、
前記ハウジング内に配置された1つまたはそれ以上の電気化学セルと、
前記ハウジング内に延在し、1つまたはそれ以上の前記電気化学セルと実質的に熱連通している流体経路と、および
前記流体経路内に配置された請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体と
を含む電池システム。 - 前記流体経路内に配置された固定化された乾燥剤材料をさらに含み、前記乾燥剤材料は、前記流体経路を通過する前記熱管理流体内の水性汚染物質を除去するように構成される請求項17に記載の電池システム。
- 前記熱管理流体が、1g/cm3未満の濃度を有する請求項17または18に記載の電池システム。
- 請求項17~19のいずれか一項に記載の電池システムを備える電気自動車。
- 熱管理回路であって
熱源の周囲および/またはそれを通って延在する流体経路と、
前記流体経路内を循環し、前記熱源によって生成された熱エネルギーを吸収するように配置および構成された請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載の熱管理流体と、
ここで、前記流体が前記流体経路、前記熱交換器、前記ポンプおよび前記接続ダクト内に配置されること、
を含む熱管理回路。 - 前記流体経路内に配置された固定化された乾燥剤材料をさらに含み、前記乾燥剤材料は、前記流体経路を通過する前記熱管理流体内の水性汚染物質を除去するように構成される請求項21に記載の熱管理回路。
- 前記熱管理流体が、1g/cm3未満の濃度を有する請求項21または22に記載の熱管理回路。
- 方法であって、
請求項1~16に記載の熱管理流体を、少なくとも25℃の温度を有する表面と接触させ、前記表面は熱源と実質的に熱連通しており、さらに
前記熱源から前記表面を通って前記熱管理流体内に熱エネルギーを吸収すること、
を含む方法。 - 前記接触している間、1つまたはそれ以上のハロカーボンのそれぞれがその沸点に達しない請求項24に記載の方法。
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