JP2022522228A - 畜産温室効果ガス排出量の炭素隔離促進と削減のための牧草地処理 - Google Patents
畜産温室効果ガス排出量の炭素隔離促進と削減のための牧草地処理 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2019年4月12日出願の米国仮出願第62/833,355号、2019年8月13日出願の米国仮出願第62/885,876号、2020年1月30日出願の米国仮出願第62/967,907号の優先権を主張するものであり、それぞれ内容を参照することにより組み込まれる。
本明細書中で使用される「バイオフィルム」は、細菌のような微生物の複合凝集体であり、細胞は、互いに及び/又は表面に付着する。バイオフィルム中の細胞は、液体培地中で浮遊又は泳動することができる単一細胞である同じ生物のプランクトン細胞とは生理学的に異なる。
特定の実施形態において、本発明は、大気中のGHG排出及び/又はGHG前駆体の排出を削減するための多目的組成物であって、1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物成長副産物を含む組成物を提供する。
本発明は、微生物の培養及び微生物代謝産物及び/又は微生物成長の他の副産物の産生の方法を利用する。本発明はさらに、微生物の培養及び所望の規模での微生物代謝産物の産生に適した培養プロセスを利用する。これらの培養プロセスには、浸漬培養/発酵、固相発酵(SSF)、改変、ハイブリッド、及び/又はそれらの組み合わせが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明は、所望の結果を達成するために実際に適用される生成物である「微生物ベースの生成物」を提供する。微生物ベースの生成物は、単に、微生物培養プロセスから収穫された微生物ベースの組成物である。あるいは、微生物ベースの生成物は、添加されたさらなる成分を含んでいてもよい。これらの追加の成分は、例えば、安定剤、緩衝剤、担体(例えば、水又は塩溶液)、さらなる微生物成長を支持するために添加された栄養素、非栄養成長エンハンサー、及び/又は適用される環境中の微生物及び/又は組成物の追跡を容易にする薬剤を含むことができる。また、微生物ベースの生成物は、微生物ベースの組成物の混合物を含んでいてもよい。また、微生物ベースの生成物は、濾過、遠心分離、溶解、乾燥、精製等のような、しかしこれらに限定されない、何らかの方法で処理された微生物ベースの組成物の1つ以上の成分を含んでもよい。
本発明の特定の実施形態において、微生物成長施設は、所望の規模で、新鮮な高密度の微生物及び/又は目的の微生物成長副産物を産生する。微生物成長施設は、適用場所又はその近くに位置してもよい。この施設は、バッチ培養、準連続培養、又は連続培養で高密度の微生物ベースの組成物を生産する。
好ましい実施形態において、本発明は、メタン、二酸化炭素、及び/又は他の有害な大気ガス、及び/又はそれらの前駆体(例えば、亜酸化窒素の前駆体である窒素及びアンモニア)の排出を削減する方法を提供し、組成物は、1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物成長副産物を含む組成物は、野外又は牧草地に適用される。好ましくは、組成物は、本発明の実施形態による多目的組成物である。
例示としての以下の実施例により、本発明とその多くの利点が理解される。以下の実施例は、本発明の方法、用途、実施形態及び変形のいくつかを例示するものである。それらは、本発明を限定するものではない。本発明に関して、多くの変更及び修正を行うことができる。
本発明の実施形態による組成物を、ウシにおける腸内メタン及び二酸化炭素排出を削減させる能力についてスクリーニングした。24本の容器に、ウシこぶ胃液、人工唾液、こぶ胃固形分1g、超延期比1g、及び1容量%の処理組成物を充填した。1つの対照3回を含む8つの処理の3回試験を実施した。処理は、以下の通りである。
0-対照
1-B. amy
2-P. ostreatus
3-S. boulardii
4-B. amy+P. ostreatus
5-B. amy+S. boulardii
6-P. ostreatus+S. boulardii
7-B. amy+P. ostreatus+S. boulardii
Claims (37)
- 腸内有害大気ガス及び/又はその前駆体を削減する方法であって、1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物成長副産物を含む組成物を、家畜動物が摂取する草及び/又は他の植物を含む野外又は牧草地に適用し、前記家畜動物を、前記野外又は牧草地に放牧して摂取させることを含み、
前記家畜は、前記草及び/又は他の植物に加えて、前記組成物を摂取し、前記1つ以上の有益な微生物は、Bacillus amyloliquefaciens、Pleurotus ostreatus、Lentinula edodes、Trichoderma viridae、Wickerhamomyces anomalus、Saccharomyces cerevisiae、Saccharomyces boulardii、Starmerella bombicola、Meyerozyma guilliermondii、Pichia occidentalis、Monascus purpureus、Acremonium chrysogenum、Myxococcus xanthus、Bacillus subtilis及びBacillus licheniformisから選択される、方法。 - 前記家畜動物は、反芻動物である、
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記1つ以上の有益な微生物の少なくとも1つは、Bacillus amyloliquefaciensの株である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記Bacillus amyloliquefaciensの株は、B. amyloliquefaciens NRRL B-67928(「B.amy」)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の微生物は、B.amy、P. ostreatus及び/又はS. boulardiiである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の微生物及び/又は微生物成長副産物は、HMG-CoA還元酵素阻害剤である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の微生物成長副産物は、ロバスタチン及び/又は他のスタチンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の成長副産物は、バリンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の成長副産物は、バイオサーファクタントである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記バイオサーファクタントは、ソホロ脂質、ラムノ脂質、マンノシルエリトリトール脂質、セロビオース脂質及びトレハロース脂質から選択される糖脂質である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記バイオサーファクタントは、サーファクチン、イチュリン、ビスコシン、アンスロファクチン、フェンギシン及びリケニシンから選択されるリポペプチドである、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の微生物成長副産物は、酵素である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素は、フィターゼ及び/又はキラー毒素である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の微生物成長副産物は、プロピオン酸である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記微生物成長副産物は、前記1つ以上の有益な微生物なしで適用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の微生物成長副産物は、精製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記微生物成長副産物は、粗形態にあり、前記粗形態は、前記成長副産物を産生する微生物の発酵から生じる上清を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物成長副産物と共にプレバイオティックを適用することをさらに含み、前記プレバイオティックは、乾燥動物飼料、わら、干し草、アルファルファ、穀物、飼料、草、果実、野菜、エンバク、作物残渣、ケルプ抽出物、フミン酸、フルビン酸、及び/又はフミン酸塩である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 飽和長鎖脂肪酸を、前記1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物成長副産物と共に適用することをさらに含み、前記飽和長鎖脂肪酸は、ステアリン酸、パルミチン酸及び/又はミリスチン酸である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 発芽エンハンサーを、前記1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物成長副産物と共に適用することをさらに含み、前記発芽エンハンサーは、L-アラニン、L-ロイシン又はマンガンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 以下の成分の1つ以上を、前記1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物成長副産物と共に適用することをさらに含み、前記成分は、海藻(Asparagopsis taxiformis);ケルプ;3-ニトロオキシプロパノール;アントラキノン;モネンシン及びラサロシドから選択されるイオノフォア;サポニン及びタンニンから選択されるポリフェノール;有機硫黄;ニンニク抽出物;クエルセチン、ルチン、カンペロール、ナリンギン、及びアントシアニジンから選択されるフラボノイド;カボス、ローズヒップ及び/又はブラックカラントから単離されるビオフラボノイド;カルボン酸;及びd-リモネン、ピネン、及びシトラス抽出物から選択されるテルペンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物成長副産物を、前記家畜が摂取する飲料水及び/又は補助飼料に適用することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物成長副産物は、加工された乾燥動物飼料を製造するために使用される原料と混合され、その中に混合された組成物を有する原料は、モルセル、ペレット、キブル、ケーキ、ナッツ、トリート又はビスケットを形成するために加工及び/又は調理される、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 家畜の消化器系に存在するメタン菌微生物は制御される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 野外又は牧草地の土壌中の植物及び微生物バイオマスを増強し、それによって前記野外又は牧草地中にカーボンシンクを生成するために使用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記有害な大気ガスは、メタン又は二酸化炭素である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記有害な大気ガス前駆体は、窒素及び/又はアンモニアである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記家畜の消化器系及び/又は廃棄物中の腸内有害大気ガス排出及び/又はその前駆体の削減に対する方法の効果を評価することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記家畜の消化器系及び/又は廃棄物中のメタン菌細菌及び/又は原生動物の制御に対する方法の効果を評価することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記野外又は牧草地における炭素の隔離に対する前記方法の効果を評価することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 畜産に関与する事業者によって使用される炭素クレジットの数を減少させるために使用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 有害な大気ガス及び/又はその前駆体の排出を削減する組成物であって、1つ以上の有益な微生物及び/又は1つ以上の微生物成長副産物を含み、
前記1つ以上の有益な微生物は、Bacillus amyloliquefaciens、Pleurotus ostreatus、Lentinula edodes、Trichoderma viridae、Wickerhamomyces anomalus、Saccharomyces cerevisiae、Saccharomyces boulardii、Starmerella bombicola、Meyerozyma guilliermondii、Pichia occidentalis、Monascus purpureus、Acremonium chrysogenum、Myxococcus xanthus、Bacillus subtilis及び/又はBacillus licheniformisであり、
前記組成物は、家畜動物による摂取のために処方される、組成物。 - 乾燥動物飼料、わら、干し草、アルファルファ、穀物、飼料、草、果実、野菜、エンバク、又は作物残渣から選択されるプレバイオティクスをさらに含む、請求項32に記載の組成物。
- 前記家畜動物の栄養必要性を補い、ウシの健康及び/又は健やかさを促進するための栄養素をさらに含み、前記栄養素は、アミノ酸、ペプチド、タンパク質、ビタミン、微量元素、脂肪、脂肪酸、脂質、炭水化物、ステロール、酵素、カルシウム、マグネシウム、リン、カリウム、ナトリウム、塩素、硫黄、クロム、コバルト、銅、ヨウ素、鉄、マンガン、モリブデン、ニッケル、セレン、及び/又は亜鉛の供給源である、請求項32に記載の組成物。
- ステアリン酸、パルミチン酸及びミリスチン酸から選択される飽和長鎖脂肪酸をさらに含む、請求項32に記載の組成物。
- L-アラニン、L-ロイシン及びマンガンから選択される発芽エンハンサーをさらに含む、請求項32に記載の組成物。
- 海藻(Asparagopsis taxiformis);ケルプ;3-ニトロオキシプロパノール;アントラキノン;モネンシン及びラサロシドから選択されるイオノフォア;サポニン及びタンニンから選択されるポリフェノール;有機硫黄;ニンニク抽出物;クエルセチン、ルチン、カンペロール、ナリンギン、及びアントシアニジンから選択されるフラボノイド;カボス、ローズヒップ及び/又はブラックカラントから単離されるビオフラボノイド;カルボン酸;及びd-リモネン、ピネン、及びシトラス抽出物から選択されるテルペンである成分のうちの1つ以上をさらに含む、請求項32に記載の組成物。
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US20230380450A1 (en) | 2023-11-30 |
CA3137340A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
CN113950248A (zh) | 2022-01-18 |
MX2021012468A (es) | 2021-11-12 |
US20220015390A1 (en) | 2022-01-20 |
WO2020210074A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
BR112021020454A2 (pt) | 2021-12-14 |
EP3952662A4 (en) | 2022-12-21 |
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