JP2022104575A - Power supply system and charge/discharge system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a power supply system capable of linking an operation of a power generation device to an operation of a charge/discharge device.SOLUTION: In a power supply system, a charge/discharge device 20, in an abnormal state where a power supply from a power system 1 is not performed properly, operates in an autonomous operation mode of adjusting charge power or discharge power so that voltage and a frequency of power at an autonomous connection path may be kept to target voltage and a target frequency, in which the target voltage is determined by a relationship in which the voltage becomes higher as a remaining quantity of stored power of the charge/discharge device 20 becomes larger. A power generation device 30, when a high voltage condition is not satisfied, operates in a normal output mode of adjusting supply power to a value determined by a supply power determination rule, and when the high voltage condition is satisfied, operates in an output suppression mode of adjusting the supply power to a value smaller than the value determined by the supply power determination rule.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、充放電装置、発電装置、及び、充放電装置と発電装置との間の接続経路を切り替える接続切替部を備える電源システム、並びに、充放電装置及び切替部を備える充放電システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a charging / discharging device, a power generation device, a power supply system including a connection switching unit for switching a connection path between the charging / discharging device and the power generation device, and a charging / discharging system including a charging / discharging device and a switching unit.

特許文献１（特開２０１５－３５８９３号公報）には、蓄電池（２３）、燃料電池（２４）、及び、蓄電池（２３）と燃料電池（２４）との間の接続経路を切り替える接続切替部（切替器３４、スイッチ５５、スイッチ５６）を備える電源システムが記載されている。この電源システムでは、電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態の場合、接続切替部の動作により、蓄電池（２３）及び燃料電池（２４）は互いに接続され且つ電力系統に対して接続された状態になる。それに対して、電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態の場合、接続切替部の動作により、蓄電池（２３）及び燃料電池（２４）は互いに接続され且つ電力系統に対して電気的に切り離された状態になる。 In Patent Document 1 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-35893), a storage battery (23), a fuel cell (24), and a connection switching unit for switching a connection path between the storage battery (23) and the fuel cell (24) ( A power supply system including a switch 34, a switch 55, and a switch 56) is described. In this power supply system, in the normal state where the power supply from the power system is normally performed, the storage battery (23) and the fuel cell (24) are connected to each other by the operation of the connection switching unit, and the power system is connected to the power system. It will be connected. On the other hand, in an abnormal state in which the power supply from the power system is not normally performed, the storage battery (23) and the fuel cell (24) are connected to each other by the operation of the connection switching unit, and electricity is supplied to the power system. It becomes a state of being separated.

また、特許文献１に記載の電源システムでは、燃料電池（２４）及び負荷（６０）が接続される分岐ブレーカ（３２）の上流側には電流センサ（３７）が設けられている。そして、燃料電池（２４）は、電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態の場合、電流センサ（３７）の測定結果に基づいて、燃料電池（２４）から出力された電力がすべて負荷（６０）で消費されているか否か、即ち、電力系統への逆潮流を行われているか否かを判定し、電力系統への逆潮流が行われないように出力電力を制御している。 Further, in the power supply system described in Patent Document 1, a current sensor (37) is provided on the upstream side of the branch breaker (32) to which the fuel cell (24) and the load (60) are connected. When the power supply from the power system is normally performed in the fuel cell (24), the power output from the fuel cell (24) is generated based on the measurement result of the current sensor (37). It is determined whether or not all the power is consumed by the load (60), that is, whether or not reverse power flow to the power system is performed, and the output power is controlled so that reverse power flow to the power system is not performed. There is.

加えて、特許文献１には、蓄電池（２３）に接続された電力変換装置（５０）と燃料電池（２４）との間の通信により、電流センサ（３７）の出力を無効にして、燃料電池（２４）から蓄電池（２３）に電力を供給することを許容することも記載されている。 In addition, in Patent Document 1, the output of the current sensor (37) is invalidated by communication between the power conversion device (50) connected to the storage battery (23) and the fuel cell (24), and the fuel cell is used. It is also described that the storage battery (23) is allowed to be supplied with electric power from (24).

特開２０１５－３５８９３号公報JP-A-2015-35893

特許文献１では、必要に応じて、例えば、蓄電池（２３）に充電が必要な場合には、燃料電池（２４）へ通信して、燃料電池（２４）から供給される電力を蓄電池（２３）に充電するような運転も可能だと考えられる。 In Patent Document 1, for example, when the storage battery (23) needs to be charged, the storage battery (23) communicates with the fuel cell (24) to charge the electric power supplied from the fuel cell (24). It is thought that it is possible to drive the battery to charge it.

しかし、蓄電池（２３）に接続された電力変換装置（５０）と燃料電池（２４）との間で通信を行う場合、通信品質が悪化又は通信が不能になった場合には、燃料電池（２４）から供給される電力を蓄電池（２３）に充電するような運転もできなくなる。 However, when communication is performed between the power conversion device (50) connected to the storage battery (23) and the fuel cell (24), if the communication quality deteriorates or communication becomes impossible, the fuel cell (24) ) Will not be able to be operated to charge the storage battery (23).

本発明は、上記の課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、発電装置等の電源装置の動作を充放電装置の動作と連動させることができる電源システム及び充放電システムを提供する点にある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system and a charge / discharge system capable of linking the operation of a power supply device such as a power generation device with the operation of a charge / discharge device. It is in.

上記目的を達成するための本発明に係る電源システムの特徴構成は、充放電装置、発電装置、及び、前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の接続経路を、前記充放電装置及び前記発電装置が電力系統に対して電気的に接続された状態で互いに接続される連系接続経路と、前記充放電装置及び前記発電装置が前記電力系統から電気的に切り離された状態で互いに接続される自立接続経路との何れか一方に切り替える接続切替部を備える電源システムであって、
前記接続切替部は、前記電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態の場合、前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の接続経路を前記連系接続経路に切り替え、前記電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態の場合、前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との接続経路を前記自立接続経路に切り替えるように構成され、
前記充放電装置は、前記異常状態の場合、前記自立接続経路での電力の電圧及び周波数を目標電圧及び目標周波数に維持するように充電電力又は放電電力を調節する自立運転モードで動作し、前記目標電圧は、前記充放電装置の蓄電残量が多いほど電圧が高くなる関係で定められ、
前記発電装置は、前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が設定電圧以上であることを含む所定の高電圧条件を満たしていない間、当該接続経路への供給電力を所定の供給電力決定ルールで定まる値に調節する通常出力モードで動作し、前記高電圧条件を満たしている間、当該接続経路への供給電力を、前記供給電力決定ルールで定まる値よりも小さい値に調節する出力抑制モードで動作する点にある。 The characteristic configuration of the power supply system according to the present invention for achieving the above object is the charging / discharging device, the power generation device, and the connection path between the charging / discharging device and the power generation device, the charging / discharging device and the power generation. An interconnection path in which the devices are electrically connected to each other in a state of being electrically connected to the power system, and the charging / discharging device and the power generation device are connected to each other in a state of being electrically disconnected from the power system. A power system equipped with a connection switching unit that switches to either one of the independent connection paths.
When the power supply from the power system is normally performed, the connection switching unit switches the connection path between the charge / discharge device and the power generation device to the interconnection connection path, and the power is supplied. In the case of an abnormal state in which power is not normally supplied from the grid, the connection path between the charge / discharge device and the power generation device is configured to be switched to the self-sustaining connection path.
In the case of the abnormal state, the charging / discharging device operates in a self-sustaining operation mode in which the charging power or the discharging power is adjusted so as to maintain the voltage and frequency of the power in the self-sustaining connection path at the target voltage and the target frequency. The target voltage is determined by the relationship that the higher the remaining charge of the charging / discharging device, the higher the voltage.
The power generation device supplies power to the connection path while the predetermined high voltage conditions including that the voltage of the power in the connection path between the charge / discharge device and the power generation device is equal to or higher than a set voltage are not satisfied. It operates in the normal output mode that adjusts the power to the value determined by the predetermined supply power determination rule, and while the high voltage condition is satisfied, the supply power to the connection path is higher than the value determined by the supply power determination rule. The point is that it operates in the output suppression mode that adjusts to a small value.

上記特徴構成によれば、充放電装置は、自立運転モードで動作して、自立接続経路での電力の電圧及び周波数を目標電圧及び目標周波数に維持するように充電電力又は放電電力を調節する場合、自身の蓄電残量が多いほど、その目標電圧を高くする。つまり、充放電装置の蓄電残量が多いほど、充放電装置と発電装置との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が高くなる。また、発電装置は、充放電装置と発電装置との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が設定電圧以上であることを含む所定の高電圧条件を満たしている間、その接続経路への供給電力を、高電圧条件が満たされていない場合の供給電力を決定する供給電力決定ルールで定まる値よりも小さい値に調節する出力抑制モードで動作する。つまり、発電装置は、充放電装置の蓄電残量が多いほど供給電力を小さくし、充放電装置の蓄電残量が少ないほど供給電力を大きくする。その結果、蓄電部の蓄電残量が低くなり過ぎること、及び、蓄電部の蓄電残量が多くなり過ぎることを防止できる。
以上のように、本特徴構成では、充放電装置と発電装置とは互いに通信していないにも関わらず、充放電装置の蓄電残量が多いほど発電装置は供給電力を小さくするというように、発電装置の動作を充放電装置の動作と連動させることができる。 According to the above characteristic configuration, when the charging / discharging device operates in the self-sustaining operation mode and adjusts the charging power or the discharging power so as to maintain the voltage and frequency of the power in the self-sustaining connection path at the target voltage and the target frequency. , The higher the remaining amount of electricity stored, the higher the target voltage. That is, the larger the remaining charge of the charging / discharging device, the higher the voltage of the electric power in the connection path between the charging / discharging device and the power generation device. Further, the power generation device supplies power to the connection path while satisfying predetermined high voltage conditions including that the voltage of the power in the connection path between the charging / discharging device and the power generation device is equal to or higher than the set voltage. Operates in an output suppression mode that adjusts to a value smaller than the value determined by the power supply determination rule that determines the power supply when the high voltage condition is not satisfied. That is, in the power generation device, the power supply is reduced as the remaining charge of the charge / discharge device is larger, and the power supply is increased as the remaining charge of the charge / discharge device is smaller. As a result, it is possible to prevent the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit from becoming too low and the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit becoming too large.
As described above, in this feature configuration, although the charge / discharge device and the power generation device do not communicate with each other, the power generation device reduces the power supply as the remaining charge of the charge / discharge device increases. The operation of the power generation device can be linked with the operation of the charging / discharging device.

本発明に係る電源システムの別の特徴構成は、前記充放電装置は、前記電力系統に接続される電力線の第１接続箇所に接続され、
前記発電装置は、前記電力線の第２接続箇所に接続され、
前記電力線の前記第２接続箇所には電力負荷装置が接続され、
前記電力線に対する前記電力系統の接続箇所から見て下流側に向かって前記第１接続箇所と前記第２接続箇所とがその並び順で設けられ、
前記連系接続経路には、前記充放電装置及び前記発電装置及び前記電力負荷装置が接続され且つ前記電力系統が接続されており、前記第１接続箇所及び前記第２接続箇所が前記連系接続経路に含まれ、
前記自立接続経路には、前記充放電装置及び前記発電装置及び前記電力負荷装置が接続され且つ前記電力系統が接続されていない点にある。 Another characteristic configuration of the power supply system according to the present invention is that the charging / discharging device is connected to the first connection point of the power line connected to the power system.
The power generation device is connected to the second connection point of the power line, and the power generation device is connected to the second connection point.
A power load device is connected to the second connection point of the power line, and the power load device is connected to the second connection point.
The first connection point and the second connection point are provided in the order of arrangement toward the downstream side when viewed from the connection point of the power system to the power line.
The charging / discharging device, the power generation device, and the power load device are connected to the interconnection connection path, and the power system is connected, and the first connection point and the second connection point are the interconnection connection. Included in the route,
The charging / discharging device, the power generation device, and the power load device are connected to the self-sustaining connection path, and the power system is not connected.

上記特徴構成によれば、電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態の場合、電力系統及び充放電装置及び発電装置の少なくとも一つから電力負荷装置へ電力を供給できる。また、電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態の場合、充放電装置及び発電装置の少なくとも一つから電力負荷装置へ電力を供給できる。 According to the above characteristic configuration, in the normal state where the power supply from the power system is normally performed, power can be supplied to the power load device from at least one of the power system, the charging / discharging device, and the power generation device. Further, in an abnormal state in which the power supply from the power system is not normally performed, power can be supplied to the power load device from at least one of the charging / discharging device and the power generation device.

本発明に係る電源システムの更に別の特徴構成は、前記発電装置と前記第２接続箇所との間を流れる電流にとっての電気抵抗を相対的に低くする第１状態と、前記発電装置と前記第２接続箇所との間を流れる電流にとっての電気抵抗を相対的に高くする第２状態とを切り替える接続装置を備え、
前記接続装置は、前記異常状態で且つ前記高電圧条件を満たしている間、前記発電装置と前記第２接続箇所との間の接続状態を前記第２状態に切り替える点にある。 Yet another characteristic configuration of the power supply system according to the present invention is a first state in which the electric resistance for the current flowing between the power generation device and the second connection point is relatively low, and the power generation device and the first state. It is equipped with a connection device that switches between the second state and the second state, which relatively increases the electrical resistance for the current flowing between the two connection points.
The connection device is at a point where the connection state between the power generation device and the second connection point is switched to the second state while the abnormal state and the high voltage condition are satisfied.

上記特徴構成によれば、電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態で、且つ、高電圧条件を満たしている間（即ち、充放電装置の蓄電残量が多い間）、接続装置において、発電装置が供給する電流にとっての電気抵抗は相対的に高くなる。つまり、発電装置が供給する電力のうち、接続装置で消費される電力が相対的に大きくなる。その結果、充放電装置の蓄電残量が増加する度合いを小さくすることができる。 According to the above-mentioned feature configuration, the connection is made while the power is not normally supplied from the power system and the high voltage condition is satisfied (that is, while the charge / discharge device has a large amount of electricity remaining). In the device, the electrical resistance to the current supplied by the power generator is relatively high. That is, of the electric power supplied by the power generation device, the electric power consumed by the connecting device is relatively large. As a result, the degree to which the remaining charge of the charging / discharging device increases can be reduced.

本発明に係る電源システムの更に別の特徴構成は、前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の前記自立接続経路の途中に設けられる絶縁変圧器を備え、
前記充放電装置は、前記絶縁変圧器よりも前記発電装置の側の前記自立接続経路での電力の電圧を測定する電圧測定部を備える点にある。 Yet another characteristic configuration of the power supply system according to the present invention includes an isolation transformer provided in the middle of the self-sustained connection path between the charging / discharging device and the power generation device.
The charging / discharging device is provided with a voltage measuring unit for measuring the voltage of electric power in the self-sustained connection path on the side of the power generation device with respect to the isolation transformer.

上記特徴構成によれば、充放電装置は、自立接続経路の途中に絶縁変圧器が設けられていたとしても、自立運転モードで動作する場合、その絶縁変圧器よりも発電装置の側の自立接続経路での電力の電圧を測定する電圧測定部の測定結果に基づいて、自立接続経路での電力の電圧を目標電圧に維持するように充電電力又は放電電力を調節できる。 According to the above-mentioned characteristic configuration, even if an insulating transformer is provided in the middle of the self-sustaining connection path, the charging / discharging device is self-sustainingly connected to the power generation device side of the isolated transformer when operating in the self-sustaining operation mode. Based on the measurement result of the voltage measuring unit that measures the voltage of the power in the path, the charging power or the discharging power can be adjusted so as to maintain the voltage of the power in the self-supporting connection path at the target voltage.

本発明に係る電源システムの更に別の特徴構成は、前記充放電装置は、蓄電部と電力変換部とを備え、
前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の接続経路は、第１電圧線及び第２電圧線及び中性線を有する単相３線式の配線を用いて構成され、
前記電力変換部は、前記正常状態である場合には連系運転モードで動作し、前記異常状態である場合には前記自立運転モードで動作し、
前記電力変換部は、前記連系運転モードで動作している場合、前記蓄電部の前記蓄電残量が所定の上限蓄電残量よりも低い第１設定残量以上である間は、前記接続経路の前記第１電圧線及び前記第２電圧線の一方又は両方からの電流の受け入れを禁止して動作し、
前記電力変換部は、前記自立運転モードで動作している場合、前記蓄電部の前記蓄電残量に関わらず、前記接続経路の前記第１電圧線及び前記第２電圧線の一方又は両方からの電流の受け入れを許容して動作する点にある。 Another characteristic configuration of the power supply system according to the present invention is that the charging / discharging device includes a power storage unit and a power conversion unit.
The connection path between the charge / discharge device and the power generation device is configured by using a single-phase three-wire type wiring having a first voltage line, a second voltage line, and a neutral line.
The power conversion unit operates in the interconnection operation mode when it is in the normal state, and operates in the self-sustaining operation mode when it is in the abnormal state.
When the power conversion unit is operating in the interconnection operation mode, the connection path is as long as the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit is equal to or higher than the first set remaining amount lower than the predetermined upper limit remaining amount of electricity. Operates by prohibiting the acceptance of current from one or both of the first voltage line and the second voltage line.
When the power conversion unit is operating in the self-sustaining operation mode, the power conversion unit is operated from one or both of the first voltage line and the second voltage line of the connection path regardless of the remaining charge amount of the storage unit. The point is that it operates by allowing the acceptance of current.

上述したように、発電装置は、充放電装置と発電装置との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が設定電圧以上であることを含む所定の高電圧条件を満たしている間、上記出力抑制モードで動作するが、そのような出力抑制モードでの動作が実行されないタイミングも発生し得る。例えば、発電装置から上記接続経路に電力の出力を開始してから例えば数分間はこのような動作を行わないように設定されていることもある。従って、異常状態において電力変換部が自立運転モードで動作しており且つ蓄電部の蓄電残量が多くても、発電装置からの供給電力が小さくされず、充放電装置の蓄電残量の増加が早く進むことがある。そして、充放電装置は、満充電になっても発電装置から電力が供給され続けると、動作を停止することがある。
ところが本特徴構成では、電力変換部は、連系運転モードで動作している時点で、蓄電部の前記蓄電残量が所定の上限蓄電残量よりも低い第１設定残量以上である間は、前記接続経路の前記第１電圧線及び前記第２電圧線の一方又は両方からの電流の受け入れを禁止して動作し、自立運転モードで動作している場合、前記蓄電部の前記蓄電残量に関わらず、前記接続経路の前記第１電圧線及び前記第２電圧線の一方又は両方からの電流の受け入れを許容して動作する。つまり、発電装置が上記接続経路に連系した直後に発電装置が出力抑制モードで動作せず、発電装置から充放電装置へ電力が供給される状況になったとしても、蓄電部でその電力を余裕をもって充電できる。その結果、充放電装置が動作を停止するという問題の発生を回避できる。 As described above, the power generation device is in the output suppression mode while satisfying a predetermined high voltage condition including that the voltage of the power in the connection path between the charging / discharging device and the power generation device is equal to or higher than the set voltage. However, there may be a timing when the operation in such an output suppression mode is not executed. For example, it may be set not to perform such an operation for, for example, several minutes after starting the output of electric power from the power generation device to the connection path. Therefore, even if the power conversion unit is operating in the self-sustaining operation mode in an abnormal state and the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit is large, the power supplied from the power generation device is not reduced and the remaining amount of electricity stored in the charging / discharging device increases. It may go fast. Then, the charge / discharge device may stop operating if the power is continuously supplied from the power generation device even when the charge is fully charged.
However, in this feature configuration, when the power conversion unit is operating in the interconnection operation mode, the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit is lower than the predetermined upper limit remaining amount of electricity stored and is equal to or higher than the first set remaining amount. , When the operation is performed by prohibiting the acceptance of current from one or both of the first voltage line and the second voltage line of the connection path and operating in the self-sustaining operation mode, the remaining charge of the storage unit of the storage unit is operated. Regardless, it operates by allowing the acceptance of current from one or both of the first voltage line and the second voltage line of the connection path. That is, even if the power generation device does not operate in the output suppression mode immediately after the power generation device is connected to the above connection path and power is supplied from the power generation device to the charging / discharging device, the power storage unit supplies the power. It can be charged with a margin. As a result, it is possible to avoid the problem that the charging / discharging device stops operating.

本発明に係る電源システムの更に別の特徴構成は、前記充放電装置は、蓄電部と電力変換部とを備え、
前記充放電装置の前記電力変換部に対して前記蓄電部と並列に接続される太陽電池装置を備え、
前記充放電装置は、前記自立運転モードで動作する場合、前記蓄電部の前記蓄電残量が第２設定残量以上である間、前記自立接続経路から前記電力変換部に電力が供給されている場合、前記太陽電池装置から供給される電力を前記電力変換部で受け取らない点にある。 Another characteristic configuration of the power supply system according to the present invention is that the charging / discharging device includes a power storage unit and a power conversion unit.
A solar cell device connected in parallel with the power storage unit with respect to the power conversion unit of the charge / discharge device is provided.
When the charging / discharging device operates in the self-sustaining operation mode, power is supplied from the self-sustaining connection path to the power conversion unit while the remaining amount of electricity stored in the power storage unit is equal to or greater than the second set remaining amount. In this case, the power conversion unit does not receive the power supplied from the solar cell device.

上述したように、発電装置は、充放電装置と発電装置との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が設定電圧以上であることを含む所定の高電圧条件を満たしている間、上記出力抑制モードで動作するが、そのような出力抑制モードでの動作が実行されないタイミングも発生し得る。例えば、発電装置から上記接続経路に電力の出力を開始してから例えば数分間はこのような動作を行わないように設定されていることもある。従って、異常状態において電力変換部が自立運転モードで動作しており且つ蓄電部の蓄電残量が多くても、発電装置からの供給電力が小さくされず、充放電装置の蓄電残量の増加が早く進むことがある。そして、充放電装置は、満充電になっても発電装置から電力が供給され続けると、動作を停止することがある。
ところが本特徴構成では、充放電装置は、自立運転モードで動作する場合、蓄電部の蓄電残量が第２設定残量以上である間、自立接続経路から電力変換部に電力が供給されている場合、太陽電池装置から供給される電力を電力変換部で受け取らない。つまり、蓄電部の蓄電残量が第２設定残量以上である状況で、発電装置から供給される電力を蓄電部で充電しなければならないとしても、太陽電池装置から供給される電力を蓄電部で充電する必要が無くなる。その結果、発電装置及び太陽電池装置の両方から供給される電力を蓄電部で充電する場合と比較して、充放電装置の蓄電残量の増加の進行を緩やかにすることができる。 As described above, the power generation device is in the output suppression mode while satisfying a predetermined high voltage condition including that the voltage of the power in the connection path between the charging / discharging device and the power generation device is equal to or higher than the set voltage. However, there may be a timing when the operation in such an output suppression mode is not executed. For example, it may be set not to perform such an operation for, for example, several minutes after starting the output of electric power from the power generation device to the connection path. Therefore, even if the power conversion unit is operating in the self-sustaining operation mode in an abnormal state and the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit is large, the power supplied from the power generation device is not reduced and the remaining amount of electricity stored in the charging / discharging device increases. It may go fast. Then, the charge / discharge device may stop operating if the power is continuously supplied from the power generation device even when the charge is fully charged.
However, in this feature configuration, when the charge / discharge device operates in the self-sustaining operation mode, power is supplied to the power conversion unit from the self-sustaining connection path while the remaining charge of the storage unit is equal to or higher than the second set remaining amount. In this case, the power conversion unit does not receive the power supplied from the solar cell device. That is, even if the power storage unit must charge the power supplied from the power generation device in a situation where the storage level of the power storage unit is equal to or higher than the second set remaining amount, the power storage unit supplies the power supplied from the solar cell device. There is no need to charge with. As a result, the progress of the increase in the remaining charge of the charge / discharge device can be slowed down as compared with the case where the electric power supplied from both the power generation device and the solar cell device is charged by the power storage unit.

上記目的を達成するための本発明に係る充放電システムの特徴構成は、充放電装置、及び、前記充放電装置の接続先を切り替える切替部を備える充放電システムであって、
前記切替部は、電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態の場合、前記電力系統に対して電気的に接続された状態にある連系接続経路に前記充放電装置を接続し、前記電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態の場合、前記電力系統から電気的に切り離された状態にある自立接続経路に前記充放電装置を接続し、
前記充放電装置は、前記異常状態の場合、前記自立接続経路での電力の電圧及び周波数を目標電圧及び目標周波数に維持するように充電電力又は放電電力を調節する自立運転モードで動作し、前記目標電圧は、前記充放電装置の蓄電残量が多いほど電圧が高くなる関係で定められる点にある。 The characteristic configuration of the charge / discharge system according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a charge / discharge device and a charge / discharge system including a switching unit for switching the connection destination of the charge / discharge device.
The switching unit connects the charging / discharging device to an interconnection connection path that is electrically connected to the power system in a normal state in which power is normally supplied from the power system. In the case of an abnormal state in which the power supply from the power system is not normally performed, the charging / discharging device is connected to the self-sustaining connection path in the state of being electrically disconnected from the power system.
In the case of the abnormal state, the charging / discharging device operates in a self-sustaining operation mode in which the charging power or the discharging power is adjusted so as to maintain the voltage and frequency of the power in the self-sustaining connection path at the target voltage and the target frequency. The target voltage is determined by the relationship that the higher the remaining charge of the charging / discharging device is, the higher the voltage is.

上記特徴構成によれば、充放電装置は、自立運転モードで動作して、自立接続経路での電力の電圧及び周波数を目標電圧及び目標周波数に維持するように充電電力又は放電電力を調節する場合、自身の蓄電残量が多いほど、その目標電圧を高くする。つまり、充放電装置の蓄電残量が多いほど、自立接続経路での電力の電圧が高くなる。その結果、自立接続経路に接続されている発電装置などの他の電源装置が自立接続経路での電力の電圧の高低に応じた動作を行うように構成されている場合、その電源装置は、充放電装置の蓄電残量に応じた動作を行うことになる。
従って、充放電装置と発電装置等の他の電源装置とは互いに通信していないにも関わらず、電源装置の動作を充放電装置の動作と連動させることができる。 According to the above characteristic configuration, when the charging / discharging device operates in the self-sustaining operation mode and adjusts the charging power or the discharging power so as to maintain the voltage and frequency of the power in the self-sustaining connection path at the target voltage and the target frequency. , The higher the remaining amount of electricity stored, the higher the target voltage. That is, the larger the remaining charge of the charging / discharging device, the higher the voltage of the electric power in the self-sustaining connection path. As a result, if another power supply, such as a power generator connected to the self-sustaining connection path, is configured to operate according to the voltage of the power in the self-sustaining connection path, the power supply is charged. The operation is performed according to the remaining charge of the discharge device.
Therefore, the operation of the power supply device can be linked with the operation of the charge / discharge device even though the charge / discharge device and another power supply device such as the power generation device do not communicate with each other.

第１実施形態の電源システムの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the power supply system of 1st Embodiment. 第１実施形態の電源システムにおいて電力系統が正常状態である場合の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the case where the electric power system is a normal state in the power supply system of 1st Embodiment. 第１実施形態の電源システムにおいて電力系統が異常状態である場合の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the case where the power system is in an abnormal state in the power supply system of 1st Embodiment. 第１実施形態の電源システムでの充放電装置の動作制御を説明するフローチャートである。It is a flowchart explaining the operation control of the charge / discharge device in the power supply system of 1st Embodiment. 第２実施形態の電源システムの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the power-source system of 2nd Embodiment. 第２実施形態の電源システムにおいて電力系統が正常状態である場合の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the case where the electric power system is a normal state in the power supply system of 2nd Embodiment. 第２実施形態の電源システムにおいて電力系統が異常状態である場合の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the case where the electric power system is in an abnormal state in the power supply system of 2nd Embodiment. 第２実施形態の電源システムにおいて電力系統が異常状態である場合の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the case where the electric power system is in an abnormal state in the power supply system of 2nd Embodiment. 第２実施形態の電源システムでの充放電装置の動作制御を説明するフローチャートである。It is a flowchart explaining operation control of the charge / discharge apparatus in the power source system of 2nd Embodiment. 第４実施形態の電源システムの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the power supply system of 4th Embodiment. 第４実施形態の電源システムでの充放電装置の動作制御を説明するフローチャートである。It is a flowchart explaining the operation control of the charge / discharge device in the power supply system of 4th Embodiment. 別実施形態の電源システムの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the power supply system of another embodiment.

＜第１実施形態＞
以下に図面を参照して本発明の第１実施形態の電源システムについて説明する。
図１は、第１実施形態の電源システムの構成を示す図である。図示するように、電源システムは、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０と接続切替部１２とを備える。具体的には、電力線２が電力系統１に接続される。電力線２の第１接続箇所Ｐ１には、充放電装置２０が第１切替部１３を介して接続される。電力線２の第２接続箇所Ｐ２には、発電装置３０及び電力負荷装置３が接続される。電力線２に対する電力系統１の接続箇所から見て下流側に向かって第１接続箇所Ｐ１と第２接続箇所Ｐ２とがその並び順で設けられている。電力線２は、第１電圧線及び第２電圧線及び中性線を有する単相３線式の配線を用いて構成される。つまり、後述する接続経路及び連系接続経路及び自立接続経路も、第１電圧線及び第２電圧線及び中性線を有する単相３線式の配線を用いて構成される。 <First Embodiment>
The power supply system according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a power supply system according to the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, the power supply system includes a charging / discharging device 20, a power generation device 30, and a connection switching unit 12. Specifically, the power line 2 is connected to the power system 1. The charging / discharging device 20 is connected to the first connection point P1 of the power line 2 via the first switching unit 13. The power generation device 30 and the power load device 3 are connected to the second connection point P2 of the power line 2. The first connection point P1 and the second connection point P2 are provided in the order of arrangement toward the downstream side when viewed from the connection point of the power system 1 to the power line 2. The power line 2 is configured by using a single-phase three-wire system wiring having a first voltage line, a second voltage line, and a neutral line. That is, the connection path, the interconnection connection path, and the self-sustaining connection path, which will be described later, are also configured by using a single-phase three-wire system having a first voltage line, a second voltage line, and a neutral line.

充放電装置２０は、蓄電部２１と電力変換部２２と充放電制御部２３とを備える。蓄電部２１は、例えばリチウムイオン電池等の二次電池などを用いて構成できる。電力変換部２２は、蓄電部２１に蓄えられている電力を、所望の電圧、周波数、位相の電力に変換して出力できる。充放電制御部２３は、電力変換部２２の動作を制御して、蓄電部２１からの出力電力（放電電力）の制御と、蓄電部２１への入力電力（充電電力）の制御とを行う。また、電力変換部２２は、充放電装置２０が接続されている線路の電圧及び電流を検出できる。 The charge / discharge device 20 includes a power storage unit 21, a power conversion unit 22, and a charge / discharge control unit 23. The power storage unit 21 can be configured by using, for example, a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery. The power conversion unit 22 can convert the power stored in the power storage unit 21 into power having a desired voltage, frequency, and phase and output the power. The charge / discharge control unit 23 controls the operation of the power conversion unit 22 to control the output power (discharge power) from the power storage unit 21 and the input power (charge power) to the power storage unit 21. Further, the power conversion unit 22 can detect the voltage and current of the line to which the charging / discharging device 20 is connected.

充放電装置２０には、第１接続箇所Ｐ１よりも上流側、即ち、電力系統１側で、電力線２の電力の電圧を測定する電圧測定部９の測定結果と、第１接続箇所Ｐ１よりも上流側で、電力線２の電力の電流を測定する電流測定部１０の測定結果とが伝達される。 In the charging / discharging device 20, the measurement result of the voltage measuring unit 9 for measuring the voltage of the power of the power line 2 on the upstream side of the first connection point P1, that is, on the power system 1 side, and the measurement result of the first connection point P1. On the upstream side, the measurement result of the current measuring unit 10 for measuring the current of the power of the power line 2 is transmitted.

電圧測定部９は、例えば電力の電圧値を測定するために用いられる計器用変圧器などを用いて構成される。そして、充放電装置２０の充放電制御部２３は、電圧測定部９の測定結果を参照して、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態であるか、又は、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態であるかを判定する。充放電制御部２３は、電圧測定部９から伝達される電力の電圧値及び電圧の周波数等に基づいて、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われているか否かを判定できる。そして、例えば、充放電制御部２３は、電圧測定部９から伝達される電圧値が所定値以上であれば、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態であると判定し、電圧測定部９から伝達される電圧値が所定値未満であれば、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態であると判定できる。 The voltage measuring unit 9 is configured by using, for example, an instrument transformer used for measuring a voltage value of electric power. Then, the charge / discharge control unit 23 of the charge / discharge device 20 refers to the measurement result of the voltage measurement unit 9, and is in a normal state in which the power supply from the power system 1 is normally performed, or the power system. It is determined whether or not the power supply from 1 is not normally performed in an abnormal state. The charge / discharge control unit 23 can determine whether or not the power supply from the power system 1 is normally performed based on the voltage value of the power transmitted from the voltage measurement unit 9, the frequency of the voltage, and the like. Then, for example, if the voltage value transmitted from the voltage measuring unit 9 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines that the power supply from the power system 1 is normally performed. If the voltage value transmitted from the voltage measuring unit 9 is less than a predetermined value, it can be determined that the power supply from the power system 1 is not normally performed in an abnormal state.

電流測定部１０は、例えば電力の電流値を検出するために用いられるカレントトランス（計器用変流器）を用いて構成される。そして、充放電装置２０の充放電制御部２３は、電流測定部１０の測定結果を参照して、電力系統１から第１接続箇所Ｐ１に向かう電力を測定する。充放電制御部２３は、電流測定部１０から伝達される電流値と、電圧測定部９の測定結果又は所定の電圧値（例えば１００Ｖ、２００Ｖ等）との積から、電力値を導出できる。 The current measuring unit 10 is configured by using, for example, a current transformer (instrument transformer) used for detecting the current value of electric power. Then, the charge / discharge control unit 23 of the charge / discharge device 20 measures the power from the power system 1 to the first connection point P1 with reference to the measurement result of the current measurement unit 10. The charge / discharge control unit 23 can derive a power value from the product of the current value transmitted from the current measurement unit 10 and the measurement result of the voltage measurement unit 9 or a predetermined voltage value (for example, 100V, 200V, etc.).

充放電装置２０は、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態である場合には連系運転モードで動作し、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態である場合には自立運転モードで動作する。連系運転モードの場合、充放電装置２０は、例えば、電流測定部１０の測定結果を参照して、電力系統１から第１接続箇所Ｐ１に向かう電力がゼロ又は所定の電力値になるように、充電電力又は放電電力を制御する。自立運転モードの場合、充放電装置２０は、例えば、後述する自立接続経路での電力の電圧及び周波数を所定の目標電圧及び目標周波数に維持するように、充電電力又は放電電力を制御する。本実施形態では、上記目標電圧は、充放電装置２０の蓄電部２１の蓄電残量（ＳＯＣ：state of charge）が多いほど電圧が高くなる関係で定められる。 The charging / discharging device 20 operates in the interconnection operation mode when the power supply from the power system 1 is normally performed, and the power supply from the power system 1 is not normally performed. When it is in the state, it operates in the self-sustaining operation mode. In the interconnection operation mode, the charging / discharging device 20 refers to, for example, the measurement result of the current measuring unit 10 so that the power from the power system 1 to the first connection point P1 becomes zero or a predetermined power value. , Control charging power or discharging power. In the self-sustaining operation mode, the charging / discharging device 20 controls the charging power or the discharging power so as to maintain the voltage and frequency of the power in the self-sustaining connection path described later at a predetermined target voltage and target frequency, for example. In the present embodiment, the target voltage is determined in such a relationship that the higher the state of charge (SOC) of the storage unit 21 of the charge / discharge device 20, the higher the voltage.

発電装置３０は、発電部３１と電力変換部３２と発電制御部３３とを備える。発電部３１は、例えば燃料電池を備える装置や、エンジンとそのエンジンによって駆動される発電機とを備える装置などを用いて構成される。電力変換部３２は、発電装置３０が発生した電力を、所望の電圧、周波数、位相の電力に変換した発電電力として供給できる。また、電力変換部３２は、発電装置３０が接続されている線路の電圧及び電流を検出できる。 The power generation device 30 includes a power generation unit 31, a power conversion unit 32, and a power generation control unit 33. The power generation unit 31 is configured by using, for example, a device including a fuel cell, a device including an engine and a generator driven by the engine, and the like. The power conversion unit 32 can supply the power generated by the power generation device 30 as generated power converted into power having a desired voltage, frequency, and phase. Further, the power conversion unit 32 can detect the voltage and current of the line to which the power generation device 30 is connected.

発電装置３０には、第２切替部１４と第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間で、電力線２の電力の電流を測定する電流測定部１１の測定結果と、第２切替部１４と第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間で、電力線２の電力の電圧を測定する電圧測定部１５の測定結果とが伝達される。尚、図１では、電圧測定部１５が第２接続箇所Ｐ２と発電装置３０との間の電圧を測定している形態を描いているが、その電圧は、電力線２の第２接続箇所Ｐ２での電圧（即ち、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路での電力の電圧、並びに、第２切替部１４と第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間での電圧）と同じである。 In the power generation device 30, the measurement result of the current measuring unit 11 for measuring the current of the power of the power line 2 between the second switching unit 14 and the second connection point P2, and the second switching unit 14 and the second connection point The measurement result of the voltage measuring unit 15 for measuring the voltage of the power of the power line 2 is transmitted to and from P2. Note that FIG. 1 depicts a mode in which the voltage measuring unit 15 measures the voltage between the second connection point P2 and the power generation device 30, but the voltage is measured at the second connection point P2 of the power line 2. (That is, the voltage of the electric power in the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30, and the voltage between the second switching unit 14 and the second connection point P2).

電流測定部１１は、例えば電力の電流値を検出するために用いられるカレントトランス（計器用変流器）を用いて構成される。そして、発電装置３０の発電制御部３３は、電流測定部１１の測定結果を参照して、第１接続箇所Ｐ１から第２接続箇所Ｐ２に向かう電力を測定する。例えば、発電制御部３３は、電流測定部１１から伝達される電流値と、所定の電圧値（例えば１００Ｖ、２００Ｖ等）との積から、電力値を導出できる。そして、発電制御部３３は、電流測定部１１の測定結果を参照して、発電装置３０から供給する発電電力を制御する。 The current measuring unit 11 is configured by using, for example, a current transformer (instrument transformer) used for detecting the current value of electric power. Then, the power generation control unit 33 of the power generation device 30 measures the electric power from the first connection point P1 to the second connection point P2 with reference to the measurement result of the current measurement unit 11. For example, the power generation control unit 33 can derive a power value from the product of a current value transmitted from the current measurement unit 11 and a predetermined voltage value (for example, 100V, 200V, etc.). Then, the power generation control unit 33 controls the power generation power supplied from the power generation device 30 with reference to the measurement result of the current measurement unit 11.

発電装置３０の発電制御部３３は、電流測定部１１の測定結果を参照して、第２切替部１４から第２接続箇所Ｐ２に向かう電力を測定する。例えば、発電制御部３３は、電流測定部１１から伝達される電流値と、所定の電圧値（例えば１００Ｖ、２００Ｖ等）との積から、電力値を導出できる。そして、発電制御部３３は、電流測定部１１の測定結果を参照して、発電装置３０から供給する発電電力を制御する。 The power generation control unit 33 of the power generation device 30 measures the electric power from the second switching unit 14 to the second connection point P2 with reference to the measurement result of the current measurement unit 11. For example, the power generation control unit 33 can derive a power value from the product of a current value transmitted from the current measurement unit 11 and a predetermined voltage value (for example, 100V, 200V, etc.). Then, the power generation control unit 33 controls the power generation power supplied from the power generation device 30 with reference to the measurement result of the current measurement unit 11.

発電装置３０の発電制御部３３は、電圧測定部１５で測定される充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路での電力の電圧に応じて、後述する通常出力モード又は出力抑制モードに動作モードを決定する。 The power generation control unit 33 of the power generation device 30 has a normal output mode or an output suppression mode, which will be described later, according to the voltage of the power in the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 measured by the voltage measurement unit 15. Determine the operation mode.

発電装置３０の発電制御部３３が、電圧測定部１５で測定される充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路での電力の電圧に応じて動作モードを決定するのは、発電装置３０に搭載されている電圧抑制機能のためである。この電圧抑制機能に従って、発電制御部３３は、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が高くなり過ぎる場合には、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路への供給電力を減少させる制御を行う。この制御が行われた場合、電圧測定部１５で測定される充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が低下することが期待される。 It is the power generation device that the power generation control unit 33 of the power generation device 30 determines the operation mode according to the voltage of the power in the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 measured by the voltage measurement unit 15. This is because of the voltage suppression function mounted on the thirty. According to this voltage suppression function, the power generation control unit 33 transfers between the charging / discharging device 20 and the power generation device 30 when the voltage of the electric power in the connection path between the charging / discharging device 20 and the power generation device 30 becomes too high. Controls to reduce the power supplied to the connection path. When this control is performed, it is expected that the voltage of the electric power in the connection path between the charging / discharging device 20 and the power generation device 30 measured by the voltage measuring unit 15 will decrease.

具体的に説明すると、発電制御部３３は、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が設定電圧以上であることを含む所定の高電圧条件を満たしていない間、その接続経路への供給電力を所定の供給電力決定ルールで定まる値に調節する通常出力モードで動作し、その高電圧条件を満たしている間、その接続経路への供給電力を、供給電力決定ルールで定まる値よりも小さい値に調節する出力抑制モードで動作する。 Specifically, the power generation control unit 33 does not satisfy a predetermined high voltage condition including that the voltage of the power in the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 is equal to or higher than the set voltage. , Operates in the normal output mode that adjusts the power supply to the connection path to the value determined by the predetermined supply power determination rule, and determines the supply power to the connection path while satisfying the high voltage condition. It operates in the output suppression mode that adjusts to a value smaller than the value determined by the rule.

通常出力モードの場合、発電装置３０は、例えば、電流測定部１１の測定結果を参照して、第２切替部１４から第２接続箇所Ｐ２に向かう電力が所定のマイナス値となる（即ち、所定の値の電力を第２接続箇所Ｐ２から第２切替部１４へ供給する）ように充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路への供給電力を決定する供給電力決定ルールに従う。或いは、通常出力モードの場合、発電装置３０は、例えば、電流測定部１１の測定結果を参照して、第２切替部１４から第２接続箇所Ｐ２に向かう電力がゼロとなる（即ち、逆潮流しない）ように充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路への供給電力を決定する供給電力決定ルールに従うような設定も可能である。 In the normal output mode, the power generation device 30 refers to, for example, the measurement result of the current measuring unit 11, and the power from the second switching unit 14 to the second connection point P2 becomes a predetermined negative value (that is, a predetermined value). According to the supply power determination rule that determines the power supply to the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 so as to supply the power of the value of (from the second connection point P2 to the second switching unit 14). Alternatively, in the normal output mode, the power generation device 30 refers to, for example, the measurement result of the current measuring unit 11, and the power from the second switching unit 14 to the second connection point P2 becomes zero (that is, reverse power flow). It is also possible to set according to the supply power determination rule that determines the supply power to the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30.

出力抑制モードの場合、発電装置３０は充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路への供給電力を、通常出力モードで動作する場合に供給される発電電力（即ち、供給電力決定ルールで定まる値）よりも小さい値に決定する。例えば、供給電力決定ルールで定まる値よりも１００Ｗ、２００Ｗなどの所定値だけ小さい電力に、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路への供給電力を決定する。発電制御部３３が、上記高電圧条件を満たしている間にこの出力抑制モードで決定される供給電力を充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路に出力した場合、通常出力モードで決定される供給電力を出力する場合よりも、充放電装置２０の放電電力が大きく又は充電電力が小さくなる。そのため、充放電装置２０の蓄電部２１の蓄電残量の低下度合いは大きく又は増加度合いは小さくなる。 In the output suppression mode, the power generation device 30 transfers the power supplied to the connection path between the charging / discharging device 20 and the power generation device 30 to the generated power supplied when operating in the normal output mode (that is, the supply power determination rule). Determine a value smaller than the value determined by). For example, the power supplied to the connection path between the charging / discharging device 20 and the power generation device 30 is determined so that the power is smaller by a predetermined value such as 100W or 200W than the value determined by the supply power determination rule. When the power generation control unit 33 outputs the supply power determined in this output suppression mode to the connection path between the charging / discharging device 20 and the power generation device 30 while satisfying the high voltage condition, the normal output mode is used. The discharge power of the charging / discharging device 20 is larger or the charging power is smaller than in the case of outputting the determined supply power. Therefore, the degree of decrease in the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 21 of the charging / discharging device 20 is large or the degree of increase is small.

このように、本実施形態では、発電装置３０が、上記高電圧条件が満たされるか否かに応じて通常出力モードと出力抑制モードとを切り替えることを利用して、充放電装置２０は、目標電圧（即ち、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路の電圧）を決定している。本実施形態では、上述したように、目標電圧は、充放電装置２０の蓄電部２１の蓄電残量（ＳＯＣ：state of charge）が多いほど電圧が高くなる関係で定められる。 As described above, in the present embodiment, the charging / discharging device 20 is targeted by utilizing the fact that the power generation device 30 switches between the normal output mode and the output suppression mode depending on whether or not the high voltage condition is satisfied. The voltage (that is, the voltage of the connection path between the charging / discharging device 20 and the power generation device 30) is determined. In the present embodiment, as described above, the target voltage is determined in such a relationship that the higher the state of charge (SOC) of the storage unit 21 of the charge / discharge device 20, the higher the voltage.

充放電装置２０からの放電余力を確保しておくためには、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が低くなり過ぎることを防止することが好ましく、充放電装置２０への充電余力を確保しておくためには、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が多くなり過ぎることを防止することが好ましい。そのため、充放電装置２０の蓄電部２１の蓄電残量を増加させたい又はその低下度合いを小さくしたい場合には、目標電圧を低くして、発電装置３０が通常出力モードで大きな供給電力を出力するように仕向ける。それに対して、充放電装置２０の蓄電部２１の蓄電残量を減少させたい又はその増加度合いを小さくしたい場合には、目標電圧を高くして、発電装置３０が出力抑制モードで小さな供給電力を出力するように仕向ける。 In order to secure the remaining discharge capacity from the charging / discharging device 20, it is preferable to prevent the remaining storage capacity of the storage unit 21 from becoming too low, and to secure the remaining charging capacity to the charging / discharging device 20. It is preferable to prevent the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 21 from becoming too large. Therefore, when it is desired to increase the remaining charge of the charge storage unit 21 of the charge / discharge device 20 or reduce the degree of decrease thereof, the target voltage is lowered and the power generation device 30 outputs a large supply power in the normal output mode. To direct. On the other hand, when it is desired to reduce the remaining charge of the charge storage unit 21 of the charge / discharge device 20 or to reduce the degree of increase thereof, the target voltage is increased and the power generation device 30 supplies a small amount of power in the output suppression mode. Encourage them to output.

接続切替部１２は、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路を、充放電装置２０及び発電装置３０が互いに接続され且つ電力系統１に対して接続された状態の連系接続経路と、充放電装置２０及び発電装置３０が互いに接続され且つ電力系統１から電気的に切り離された状態の自立接続経路との何れか一方に切り替える。更に、接続切替部１２は、正常状態の場合、電力負荷装置３を上記連系接続経路に接続し、異常状態の場合、電力負荷装置３を上記自立接続経路に接続するように、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路を切り替える。 The connection switching unit 12 connects the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 with the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 connected to each other and to the power system 1. And the self-sustaining connection path in which the charging / discharging device 20 and the power generation device 30 are connected to each other and electrically separated from the power system 1. Further, the connection switching unit 12 connects the power load device 3 to the interconnection connection path in the normal state, and connects the power load device 3 to the self-sustaining connection path in the abnormal state. The connection path between the 20 and the power generation device 30 is switched.

本実施形態の接続切替部１２は、第１切替部１３と第２切替部１４とを備える。第１切替部１３は、充放電装置２０と電力線２の第１接続箇所Ｐ１との間に設けられる。第２切替部１４は、電力線２の途中の、第１接続箇所Ｐ１と第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間に設けられる。 The connection switching unit 12 of the present embodiment includes a first switching unit 13 and a second switching unit 14. The first switching unit 13 is provided between the charging / discharging device 20 and the first connection point P1 of the power line 2. The second switching unit 14 is provided between the first connection point P1 and the second connection point P2 in the middle of the power line 2.

第１切替部１３は、充放電装置２０に接続される接点ａと、電力線２の第１接続箇所Ｐ１に接続される接点ｂと、接続線４を介して第２切替部１４に接続される接点ｃとを有する。そして、第１切替部１３は、接点ａと接点ｂとが接続される状態、及び、接点ａと接点ｃとが接続される状態の何れか一方に切り替えられる。
第１切替部１３及び第２切替部１４の両方或いは第１切替部１３が、本発明の「充放電装置２０の接続先を切り替える切替部」に対応する。そして、充放電装置２０及び第１切替部１３を備える充放電システム、或いは、充放電装置２０及び第１切替部１３及び第２切替部１４を備える充放電システムが実現される。 The first switching unit 13 is connected to the second switching unit 14 via the contact a connected to the charging / discharging device 20, the contact b connected to the first connection point P1 of the power line 2, and the connection line 4. It has a contact c. Then, the first switching unit 13 is switched to either a state in which the contact a and the contact b are connected or a state in which the contact a and the contact c are connected.
Both the first switching unit 13 and the second switching unit 14 or the first switching unit 13 corresponds to the "switching unit for switching the connection destination of the charging / discharging device 20" of the present invention. Then, a charge / discharge system including the charge / discharge device 20 and the first switching unit 13, or a charge / discharge system including the charge / discharge device 20, the first switching unit 13 and the second switching unit 14 is realized.

第２切替部１４は、電力線２の第２接続箇所Ｐ２に接続される、即ち、電力負荷装置３及び発電装置３０に接続される接点ａと、接続線４を介して第１切替部１３に接続される接点ｂと、電力線２の第１接続箇所Ｐ１に接続される接点ｃとを有する。そして、第２切替部１４は、接点ａと接点ｂとが接続される状態、及び、接点ａと接点ｃとが接続される状態の何れか一方に切り替えられる。 The second switching unit 14 is connected to the second connection point P2 of the power line 2, that is, the contact a connected to the power load device 3 and the power generation device 30, and the first switching unit 13 via the connection line 4. It has a contact b to be connected and a contact c connected to the first connection point P1 of the power line 2. Then, the second switching unit 14 is switched to either a state in which the contact a and the contact b are connected or a state in which the contact a and the contact c are connected.

接続切替部１２の動作は充放電装置２０の充放電制御部２３が制御する。
具体的には、充放電制御部２３は、接続切替部１２によって、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態の場合、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路を連系接続経路に切り替え、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態の場合、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との接続経路を自立接続経路に切り替えるように構成される。 The operation of the connection switching unit 12 is controlled by the charge / discharge control unit 23 of the charge / discharge device 20.
Specifically, the charge / discharge control unit 23 is connected between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 in a normal state in which the power supply from the power system 1 is normally performed by the connection switching unit 12. The route is switched to the interconnection connection route, and in the case of an abnormal state in which the power supply from the power system 1 is not normally performed, the connection route between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 is switched to the self-sustaining connection path. To.

図２は、電源システムにおいて電力系統１が正常状態である場合の例を示す図である。図示するように、充放電制御部２３は、電圧測定部９の測定結果を参照して、電力系統１が正常状態であると判断している場合、第１切替部１３を接点ａと接点ｂとが接続される状態に切り替え、且つ、第２切替部１４を接点ａと接点ｃとが接続される状態に切り替える。その結果、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路が、充放電装置２０及び発電装置３０が互いに接続され且つ電力系統１に対して接続された状態の連系接続経路に切り替わる。つまり、図１及び図２に示す電源システムにおいて、連系接続経路は、充放電装置２０と第１切替部１３と第１接続箇所Ｐ１と第２切替部１４と第２接続箇所Ｐ２と発電装置３０とを接続する経路に設定される。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example in the case where the power system 1 is in a normal state in the power supply system. As shown in the figure, when the charge / discharge control unit 23 refers to the measurement result of the voltage measurement unit 9 and determines that the power system 1 is in a normal state, the charge / discharge control unit 23 connects the first switching unit 13 to the contact a and the contact b. The second switching unit 14 is switched to a state in which the contact a and the contact c are connected. As a result, the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 is switched to an interconnection connection path in which the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 are connected to each other and connected to the power system 1. That is, in the power supply system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the interconnection connection path includes the charging / discharging device 20, the first switching unit 13, the first connection point P1, the second switching part 14, the second connection point P2, and the power generation device. It is set to the route connecting to 30.

図３は、電源システムにおいて電力系統１が異常状態である場合の例を示す図である。図示するように、充放電制御部２３は、電圧測定部９の測定結果を参照して、電力系統１が異常状態であると判断している場合、第１切替部１３を接点ａと接点ｃとが接続される状態に切り替え、且つ、第２切替部１４を接点ａと接点ｂとが接続される状態に切り替える。その結果、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路が、充放電装置２０及び発電装置３０が互いに接続され且つ電力系統１から電気的に切り離された状態の自立接続経路に切り替わる。つまり、図１及び図３に示す電源システムにおいて、自立接続経路は、充放電装置２０と第１切替部１３と接続線４と第２切替部１４と第２接続箇所Ｐ２と発電装置３０とを接続する経路に設定される。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a case where the power system 1 is in an abnormal state in the power supply system. As shown in the figure, when the charge / discharge control unit 23 refers to the measurement result of the voltage measurement unit 9 and determines that the power system 1 is in an abnormal state, the charge / discharge control unit 23 connects the first switching unit 13 to the contact a and the contact c. The second switching unit 14 is switched to a state in which the contact a and the contact b are connected. As a result, the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 is switched to a self-sustaining connection path in which the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 are connected to each other and electrically disconnected from the power system 1. That is, in the power supply system shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the self-sustaining connection path includes the charging / discharging device 20, the first switching unit 13, the connection line 4, the second switching unit 14, the second connection point P2, and the power generation device 30. It is set to the route to connect.

以上のように、第１切替部１３及び第２切替部１４の両方或いは第１切替部１３は、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態の場合、電力系統１に対して電気的に接続された状態にある連系接続経路に充放電装置２０を接続し、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態の場合、電力系統１から電気的に切り離された状態にある自立接続経路に充放電装置２０を接続している。 As described above, both the first switching unit 13 and the second switching unit 14 or the first switching unit 13 is connected to the power system 1 in the normal state where the power supply from the power system 1 is normally performed. The charging / discharging device 20 is connected to the interconnection connection path that is electrically connected to the power system 1, and in the case of an abnormal state in which the power supply from the power system 1 is not normally performed, the power system 1 is electrically disconnected from the power system 1. The charging / discharging device 20 is connected to the self-sustaining connection path in the above-mentioned state.

次に、第１実施形態の電源システムにおける充放電装置２０の動作制御について説明する。図４は、充放電装置２０の動作制御を説明するフローチャートである。
工程＃１０において充放電制御部２３は、電圧測定部９の測定結果を参照して電力系統１が正常状態であるか否かを判定する。そして、充放電制御部２３は、電力系統１が正常状態である場合には工程＃１７に移行して充放電装置２０を連系運転モードで動作させ、電力系統１が異常状態である場合には工程＃１１に移行して充放電装置２０を自立運転モードで動作させる。 Next, the operation control of the charging / discharging device 20 in the power supply system of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating operation control of the charging / discharging device 20.
In step # 10, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines whether or not the power system 1 is in a normal state with reference to the measurement result of the voltage measurement unit 9. Then, when the power system 1 is in the normal state, the charge / discharge control unit 23 shifts to step # 17 to operate the charge / discharge device 20 in the interconnection operation mode, and when the power system 1 is in the abnormal state. Moves to step # 11 and operates the charging / discharging device 20 in the self-sustained operation mode.

工程＃１２において充放電制御部２３は、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が予め記憶してある第１蓄電量（例えば、ＳＯＣ＝８０％など）以上であるか否かを判定する。そして、充放電制御部２３は、蓄電残量が第１蓄電量以上でない場合には工程＃１６に移行して、目標電圧を初期値（例えば１０７Ｖ等）に設定して、自立接続経路の電圧及び周波数を維持する制御を行う。 In step # 12, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines whether or not the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 21 is equal to or greater than the first stored amount stored in advance (for example, SOC = 80%). Then, when the remaining charge amount is not equal to or more than the first charge amount, the charge / discharge control unit 23 shifts to step # 16, sets the target voltage to an initial value (for example, 107 V, etc.), and sets the voltage of the self-sustaining connection path. And control to maintain the frequency.

それに対して、充放電制御部２３は、工程＃１２において蓄電残量が第１蓄電量以上であると判定した場合には工程＃１３に移行する。工程＃１３において充放電制御部２３は、蓄電残量が、第１蓄電量より大きい第２蓄電量（例えば、ＳＯＣ＝９０％など）以上であるか否かを判定し、蓄電残量が第２蓄電量以上である場合には工程＃１５に移行し、蓄電残量が第２蓄電量未満（且つ第１蓄電量以上）である場合には工程＃１４に移行する。 On the other hand, when the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines in step # 12 that the remaining charge amount is equal to or greater than the first charge amount, the process proceeds to step # 13. In step # 13, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines whether or not the remaining charge is equal to or greater than the second charge (for example, SOC = 90%) larger than the first charge, and the remaining charge is the second. If the amount of stored electricity is 2 or more, the process proceeds to step # 15, and if the remaining amount of electricity stored is less than the second amount of electricity stored (and more than the first amount of electricity stored), the process proceeds to step # 14.

工程＃１４において充放電制御部２３は、目標電圧を、初期値より高い第１電圧（例えば１０９Ｖ等）に設定して、自立接続経路の電圧及び周波数を維持する制御を行う。 In step # 14, the charge / discharge control unit 23 sets the target voltage to a first voltage (for example, 109 V or the like) higher than the initial value, and controls to maintain the voltage and frequency of the self-supporting connection path.

工程＃１５において充放電制御部２３は、目標電圧を、初期値より高く且つ第１電圧より高い第２電圧（例えば１１０Ｖ等）に設定して、自立接続経路の電圧及び周波数を維持する制御を行う。 In step # 15, the charge / discharge control unit 23 sets the target voltage to a second voltage (for example, 110 V, etc.) higher than the initial value and higher than the first voltage, and controls to maintain the voltage and frequency of the self-supporting connection path. conduct.

以上のように、充放電装置２０は、自立運転モードで動作して、自立接続経路での電力の電圧及び周波数を目標電圧及び目標周波数に維持するように充電電力又は放電電力を調節する場合、自身の蓄電残量が多いほど、その目標電圧を高くする。つまり、充放電装置２０の蓄電残量が多いほど、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が高くなる。また、発電装置３０は、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が設定電圧以上であることを含む所定の高電圧条件を満たしている間、その接続経路への供給電力を、高電圧条件が満たされていない場合の供給電力を決定する供給電力決定ルールで定まる値よりも小さい値に調節する出力抑制モードで動作する。つまり、発電装置３０は、充放電装置２０の蓄電残量が多いほど供給電力を小さくし、充放電装置２０の蓄電残量が少ないほど供給電力を大きくする。その結果、充放電装置２０の蓄電残量が低くなり過ぎること、及び、充放電装置２０の蓄電残量が多くなり過ぎることを防止できる。 As described above, when the charging / discharging device 20 operates in the self-sustaining operation mode and adjusts the charging power or the discharging power so as to maintain the voltage and frequency of the power in the self-sustaining connection path at the target voltage and the target frequency. The higher the remaining amount of electricity stored, the higher the target voltage. That is, the larger the remaining charge of the charging / discharging device 20, the higher the voltage of the electric power in the connection path between the charging / discharging device 20 and the power generation device 30. Further, the power generation device 30 goes to the connection path while satisfying a predetermined high voltage condition including that the voltage of the electric power in the connection path between the charging / discharging device 20 and the power generation device 30 is equal to or higher than the set voltage. It operates in the output suppression mode that adjusts the supply power of the above to a value smaller than the value determined by the supply power determination rule that determines the supply power when the high voltage condition is not satisfied. That is, the power generation device 30 reduces the supplied power as the remaining charge of the charge / discharge device 20 increases, and increases the supply power as the remaining charge of the charge / discharge device 20 decreases. As a result, it is possible to prevent the remaining charge of the charge / discharge device 20 from becoming too low and the remaining charge of the charge / discharge device 20 from becoming too large.

＜第２実施形態＞
第２実施形態の電源システムは、発電装置３０を電力線２の第２接続箇所Ｐ２に接続する接続装置６を備える点で上記実施形態と異なっている。以下に第２実施形態の電源システムについて説明するが、上記実施形態と同様の構成については説明を省略する。 <Second Embodiment>
The power supply system of the second embodiment is different from the above embodiment in that the power generation device 30 is provided with a connection device 6 for connecting the power generation device 30 to the second connection point P2 of the power line 2. The power supply system of the second embodiment will be described below, but the description of the same configuration as that of the above embodiment will be omitted.

図５は、第２実施形態の電源システムの構成を示す図である。図示するように、電源システムにおいて、発電装置３０と電力線２の第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間には接続装置６が設けられている。接続装置６は、発電装置３０と第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間を流れる電流にとっての電気抵抗を相対的に低くする第１状態と、発電装置３０と第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間を流れる電流にとっての電気抵抗を相対的に高くする第２状態とを切り替える。接続装置６は、スイッチ７と電力消費部８とを並列に有する。電力消費部８は、例えば電気抵抗器などを用いて実現される。
接続装置６の動作は、充放電装置２０の充放電制御部２３によって制御される。 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the power supply system of the second embodiment. As shown in the figure, in the power supply system, a connection device 6 is provided between the power generation device 30 and the second connection point P2 of the power line 2. The connection device 6 has a first state in which the electric resistance for the current flowing between the power generation device 30 and the second connection point P2 is relatively low, and a current flowing between the power generation device 30 and the second connection point P2. Switch to the second state, which makes the electrical resistance relatively high for the user. The connecting device 6 has a switch 7 and a power consuming unit 8 in parallel. The power consumption unit 8 is realized by using, for example, an electric resistor.
The operation of the connection device 6 is controlled by the charge / discharge control unit 23 of the charge / discharge device 20.

接続装置６の第１状態は、スイッチ７が閉状態にある場合（即ち、スイッチ７が接続された場合）であり、スイッチ７を電流が流れる場合の電気抵抗は電力消費部８の電気抵抗よりも小さいため、より多くの電流が、電力消費部８よりも電気抵抗の小さいスイッチ７を流れる。そのため、発電装置３０と第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間を流れる電流にとっての電気抵抗は相対的に低くなる。 The first state of the connecting device 6 is when the switch 7 is in the closed state (that is, when the switch 7 is connected), and the electric resistance when a current flows through the switch 7 is based on the electric resistance of the power consuming unit 8. Therefore, more current flows through the switch 7 having a smaller electric resistance than the power consuming unit 8. Therefore, the electric resistance for the current flowing between the power generation device 30 and the second connection point P2 is relatively low.

それに対して、接続装置６の第２状態は、スイッチ７が開状態にある場合（即ち、スイッチ７が接続されていない場合）であり、全ての電流が電気抵抗の大きい電力消費部８を流れる。そのため、発電装置３０と第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間を流れる電流にとっての電気抵抗は相対的に高くなる。 On the other hand, the second state of the connecting device 6 is when the switch 7 is in the open state (that is, when the switch 7 is not connected), and all the current flows through the power consuming unit 8 having a large electric resistance. .. Therefore, the electric resistance for the current flowing between the power generation device 30 and the second connection point P2 is relatively high.

接続装置６は、充放電制御部２３からの指令に基づいて、異常状態で且つ高電圧条件を満たしている間、発電装置３０と第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間の接続状態を第２状態に切り替える。 Based on the command from the charge / discharge control unit 23, the connection device 6 sets the connection state between the power generation device 30 and the second connection point P2 to the second state while the abnormal state and the high voltage condition are satisfied. Switch.

図６は、電源システムにおいて電力系統１が正常状態であり、且つ、接続装置６が第１状態（即ち、接続装置６のスイッチ７が閉状態）である場合の例を示す図である。図示するように、充放電制御部２３は、電圧測定部９の測定結果を参照して、電力系統１が正常状態であると判断している場合、第１切替部１３を接点ａと接点ｂとが接続される状態に切り替え、且つ、第２切替部１４を接点ａと接点ｃとが接続される状態に切り替える。その結果、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路が、充放電装置２０及び発電装置３０が互いに接続され且つ電力系統１に対して接続された状態の連系接続経路に切り替わる。つまり、図５及び図６に示す電源システムにおいて、連系接続経路は、充放電装置２０と第１切替部１３と第１接続箇所Ｐ１と第２切替部１４と第２接続箇所Ｐ２と発電装置３０とを接続する経路に設定される。 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example in the case where the power system 1 is in the normal state and the connecting device 6 is in the first state (that is, the switch 7 of the connecting device 6 is in the closed state) in the power supply system. As shown in the figure, when the charge / discharge control unit 23 refers to the measurement result of the voltage measurement unit 9 and determines that the power system 1 is in a normal state, the charge / discharge control unit 23 connects the first switching unit 13 to the contact a and the contact b. The second switching unit 14 is switched to a state in which the contact a and the contact c are connected. As a result, the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 is switched to an interconnection connection path in which the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 are connected to each other and connected to the power system 1. That is, in the power supply system shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the interconnection connection path includes the charging / discharging device 20, the first switching unit 13, the first connection point P1, the second switching part 14, the second connection point P2, and the power generation device. It is set to the route connecting to 30.

図７は、電源システムにおいて電力系統１が異常状態であり、且つ、接続装置６が第１状態（即ち、接続装置６のスイッチ７が閉状態）である場合の例を示す図である。図示するように、充放電制御部２３は、電圧測定部９の測定結果を参照して、電力系統１が異常状態であると判断している場合、第１切替部１３を接点ａと接点ｃとが接続される状態に切り替え、且つ、第２切替部１４を接点ａと接点ｂとが接続される状態に切り替える。その結果、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路が、充放電装置２０及び発電装置３０が互いに接続され且つ電力系統１から電気的に切り離された状態の自立接続経路に切り替わる。つまり、図５及び図７に示す電源システムにおいて、自立接続経路は、充放電装置２０と第１切替部１３と接続線４と第２切替部１４と第２接続箇所Ｐ２と発電装置３０とを接続する経路に設定される。 FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example in the case where the power system 1 is in an abnormal state and the connecting device 6 is in the first state (that is, the switch 7 of the connecting device 6 is in the closed state) in the power supply system. As shown in the figure, when the charge / discharge control unit 23 refers to the measurement result of the voltage measurement unit 9 and determines that the power system 1 is in an abnormal state, the charge / discharge control unit 23 connects the first switching unit 13 to the contact a and the contact c. The second switching unit 14 is switched to a state in which the contact a and the contact b are connected. As a result, the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 is switched to a self-sustaining connection path in which the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 are connected to each other and electrically disconnected from the power system 1. That is, in the power supply system shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the self-sustaining connection path includes the charging / discharging device 20, the first switching unit 13, the connection line 4, the second switching unit 14, the second connection point P2, and the power generation device 30. It is set to the route to connect.

図８は、電源システムにおいて電力系統１が異常状態であり、且つ、接続装置６が第２状態（即ち、接続装置６のスイッチ７が開状態）である場合の例を示す図である。図示するように、充放電制御部２３は、電圧測定部９の測定結果を参照して、電力系統１が異常状態であると判断している場合、第１切替部１３を接点ａと接点ｃとが接続される状態に切り替え、且つ、第２切替部１４を接点ａと接点ｂとが接続される状態に切り替える。その結果、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路が、充放電装置２０及び発電装置３０が互いに接続され且つ電力系統１から電気的に切り離された状態の自立接続経路に切り替わる。つまり、図５及び図８に示す電源システムにおいて、自立接続経路は、充放電装置２０と第１切替部１３と接続線４と第２切替部１４と第２接続箇所Ｐ２と発電装置３０とを接続する経路に設定される。 FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example in the case where the power system 1 is in an abnormal state and the connecting device 6 is in the second state (that is, the switch 7 of the connecting device 6 is in the open state) in the power supply system. As shown in the figure, when the charge / discharge control unit 23 refers to the measurement result of the voltage measurement unit 9 and determines that the power system 1 is in an abnormal state, the charge / discharge control unit 23 connects the first switching unit 13 to the contact a and the contact c. The second switching unit 14 is switched to a state in which the contact a and the contact b are connected. As a result, the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 is switched to a self-sustaining connection path in which the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 are connected to each other and electrically disconnected from the power system 1. That is, in the power supply system shown in FIGS. 5 and 8, the self-sustaining connection path includes the charging / discharging device 20, the first switching unit 13, the connection line 4, the second switching unit 14, the second connection point P2, and the power generation device 30. It is set to the route to connect.

次に、第２実施形態の電源システムにおける充放電装置２０の動作制御について説明する。図９は、充放電装置２０の動作制御を説明するフローチャートである。
工程＃２０において充放電制御部２３は、電圧測定部９の測定結果を参照して電力系統１が正常状態であるか否かを判定する。そして、充放電制御部２３は、電力系統１が正常状態である場合には工程＃２７に移行して充放電装置２０を連系運転モードで動作させ、電力系統１が異常状態である場合には工程＃２１に移行して充放電装置２０を自立運転モードで動作させる。充放電装置２０を連系運転させる場合、図６に示すように、接続装置６のスイッチ７を閉状態（第１状態）に切り替える。 Next, the operation control of the charging / discharging device 20 in the power supply system of the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating operation control of the charging / discharging device 20.
In step # 20, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines whether or not the power system 1 is in a normal state with reference to the measurement result of the voltage measurement unit 9. Then, when the power system 1 is in the normal state, the charge / discharge control unit 23 shifts to step # 27 to operate the charge / discharge device 20 in the interconnection operation mode, and when the power system 1 is in the abnormal state. Moves to step # 21 to operate the charging / discharging device 20 in the self-sustained operation mode. When the charging / discharging device 20 is operated in interconnection, the switch 7 of the connecting device 6 is switched to the closed state (first state) as shown in FIG.

工程＃２２において充放電制御部２３は、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が予め記憶してある第１蓄電量（例えば、ＳＯＣ＝８０％など）以上であるか否かを判定する。そして、充放電制御部２３は、蓄電残量が第１蓄電量以上でない場合には工程＃２６に移行して、目標電圧を初期値（例えば１０７Ｖ等）に設定して、自立接続経路の電圧及び周波数を維持する制御を行う。加えて、充放電制御部２３は、図７に示したように、接続装置６のスイッチ７を閉状態（第１状態）に切り替える。 In step # 22, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines whether or not the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 21 is equal to or greater than the first stored amount stored in advance (for example, SOC = 80%). Then, when the remaining charge amount is not equal to or more than the first charge amount, the charge / discharge control unit 23 shifts to step # 26, sets the target voltage to an initial value (for example, 107 V, etc.), and sets the voltage of the self-sustaining connection path. And control to maintain the frequency. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the charge / discharge control unit 23 switches the switch 7 of the connecting device 6 to the closed state (first state).

それに対して、充放電制御部２３は、工程＃２２において蓄電残量が第１蓄電量以上であると判定した場合には工程＃２３に移行する。工程＃２３において充放電制御部２３は、蓄電残量が、第１蓄電量より大きい第２蓄電量（例えば、ＳＯＣ＝９０％など）以上であるか否かを判定し、蓄電残量が第２蓄電量以上である場合には工程＃２５に移行し、蓄電残量が第２蓄電量未満（且つ第１蓄電量以上）である場合には工程＃２４に移行する。 On the other hand, when the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines in step # 22 that the remaining charge amount is equal to or greater than the first charge amount, the process proceeds to step # 23. In step # 23, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines whether or not the remaining charge is equal to or greater than the second charge (for example, SOC = 90%) larger than the first charge, and the remaining charge is the second. If the amount of stored electricity is 2 or more, the process proceeds to step # 25, and if the remaining amount of electricity stored is less than the second amount of electricity stored (and more than the first amount of electricity stored), the process proceeds to step # 24.

工程＃２４において充放電制御部２３は、目標電圧を、初期値より高い第１電圧（例えば１０９Ｖ等）に設定して、自立接続経路の電圧及び周波数を維持する制御を行う。加えて、充放電制御部２３は、図８に示したように、接続装置６のスイッチ７を開状態（第２状態）に切り替える。 In step # 24, the charge / discharge control unit 23 sets the target voltage to a first voltage (for example, 109 V or the like) higher than the initial value, and controls to maintain the voltage and frequency of the self-supporting connection path. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the charge / discharge control unit 23 switches the switch 7 of the connecting device 6 to the open state (second state).

工程＃２５において充放電制御部２３は、目標電圧を、初期値より高く且つ第１電圧より高い第２電圧（例えば１１０Ｖ等）に設定して、自立接続経路の電圧及び周波数を維持する制御を行う。加えて、充放電制御部２３は、図８に示したように、接続装置６のスイッチ７を開状態（第２状態）に切り替える。 In step # 25, the charge / discharge control unit 23 sets the target voltage to a second voltage (for example, 110 V, etc.) higher than the initial value and higher than the first voltage, and controls to maintain the voltage and frequency of the self-supporting connection path. conduct. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the charge / discharge control unit 23 switches the switch 7 of the connecting device 6 to the open state (second state).

以上のように、本実施形態の電源システムは接続装置６を備えているため、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態で、且つ、高電圧条件を満たしている間（即ち、充放電装置２０の蓄電残量が多い間）、接続装置６において、発電装置３０が供給する電流にとっての電気抵抗は相対的に高くなる。つまり、発電装置３０が供給する電力のうち、接続装置６で消費される電力が相対的に大きくなる。その結果、充放電装置２０の蓄電残量が増加する度合いを小さくすることができる。 As described above, since the power supply system of the present embodiment includes the connection device 6, it is in an abnormal state in which the power supply from the power system 1 is not normally performed, and while the high voltage condition is satisfied ( That is, while the remaining charge of the charging / discharging device 20 is large), the electric resistance for the current supplied by the power generation device 30 in the connecting device 6 becomes relatively high. That is, of the electric power supplied by the power generation device 30, the electric power consumed by the connecting device 6 is relatively large. As a result, the degree to which the remaining charge of the charging / discharging device 20 increases can be reduced.

＜第３実施形態＞
第３実施形態の電源システムは、充放電装置２０の電力変換部２２が連系運転モードで動作している場合と自立運転モードで動作している場合とで蓄電部２１への充電の制御を異ならせる点で上記実施形態と異なっている。以下に第３実施形態の電源システムについて説明するが、上記実施形態と同様の構成については説明を省略する。尚、以下の説明は第１実施形態の変形例として行うが、上記第２実施形態にも本実施形態の特徴を適用することができる。 <Third Embodiment>
The power supply system of the third embodiment controls the charging of the power storage unit 21 depending on whether the power conversion unit 22 of the charge / discharge device 20 is operating in the interconnection operation mode or the self-sustaining operation mode. It differs from the above embodiment in that it is different. The power supply system of the third embodiment will be described below, but the description of the same configuration as that of the above embodiment will be omitted. Although the following description is given as a modification of the first embodiment, the features of the present embodiment can also be applied to the second embodiment.

本実施形態でも、充放電装置２０の電力変換部２２は、充放電制御部２３の制御によって、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態である場合には連系運転モードで動作し、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態である場合には自立運転モードで動作する。加えて、上述した接続経路及び連系接続経路及び自立接続経路は、第１電圧線及び第２電圧線及び中性線を有する単相３線式の配線を用いて構成される。例えば、充放電装置２０の電力変換部２２と第１切替部１３とを接続する配線は、第１電圧線及び第２電圧線及び中性線を有する単相３線式の配線を用いて構成される。 Also in this embodiment, the power conversion unit 22 of the charge / discharge device 20 is in the interconnection operation mode when the power supply from the power system 1 is normally performed under the control of the charge / discharge control unit 23. When the power supply from the power system 1 is not normally performed in an abnormal state, the power system 1 operates in the self-sustaining operation mode. In addition, the above-mentioned connection path, interconnection connection path, and self-sustaining connection path are configured by using a single-phase three-wire system having a first voltage line, a second voltage line, and a neutral line. For example, the wiring connecting the power conversion unit 22 and the first switching unit 13 of the charging / discharging device 20 is configured by using a single-phase three-wire type wiring having a first voltage line, a second voltage line, and a neutral line. Will be done.

上述したように、発電装置３０は、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が設定電圧以上であることを含む所定の高電圧条件を満たしている間、上記出力抑制モードで動作するが、そのような出力抑制モードでの動作が実行されないタイミングも発生し得る。例えば、発電装置３０から上記接続経路に電力の出力を開始してから例えば数分間はこのような動作を行わないように設定されていることもある。従って、異常状態において電力変換部２２が自立運転モードで動作しており且つ蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が多くても、発電装置３０からの供給電力が小さくされず、充放電装置２０の蓄電残量の増加が早く進むことがある。そして、充放電装置２０は、満充電になっても発電装置３０から電力が供給され続けると、動作を停止することがある。 As described above, as long as the power generation device 30 satisfies a predetermined high voltage condition including that the voltage of the power in the connection path between the charge / discharge device 20 and the power generation device 30 is equal to or higher than the set voltage, the power generation device 30 is described above. Although it operates in the output suppression mode, there may be a timing when such an operation in the output suppression mode is not executed. For example, it may be set not to perform such an operation for, for example, several minutes after starting the output of electric power from the power generation device 30 to the connection path. Therefore, even if the power conversion unit 22 is operating in the self-sustaining operation mode in the abnormal state and the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 21 is large, the power supplied from the power generation device 30 is not reduced, and the remaining electricity stored in the charging / discharging device 20 is not reduced. The amount may increase quickly. Then, the charging / discharging device 20 may stop operating if the power is continuously supplied from the power generation device 30 even when the battery is fully charged.

そのような問題を回避するべく、本実施形態の電源システムでは、電力変換部２２は、充放電制御部２３の制御によって、連系運転モードで動作している場合、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が所定の上限蓄電残量よりも低い第１設定残量以上である間は、上記接続経路の第１電圧線及び第２電圧線の一方又は両方からの電流の受け入れを禁止して動作し、自立運転モードで動作している場合、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量に関わらず、接続経路の第１電圧線及び第２電圧線の一方又は両方からの電流の受け入れを許容して動作する。 In order to avoid such a problem, in the power supply system of the present embodiment, when the power conversion unit 22 is operated in the interconnection operation mode under the control of the charge / discharge control unit 23, the remaining charge of the power storage unit 21 While is equal to or higher than the first set remaining amount lower than the predetermined upper limit storage amount, it operates by prohibiting the acceptance of current from one or both of the first voltage line and the second voltage line of the connection path. When operating in the self-sustaining operation mode, the operation allows acceptance of current from one or both of the first voltage line and the second voltage line of the connection path regardless of the remaining charge remaining in the storage unit 21.

具体例を挙げて説明すると、上限蓄電残量（上限ＳＯＣ）が１００％である場合、第１設定残量は例えば９５％等の値に設定される。そして、電力変換部２２は、連系運転モードで動作している場合、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が第１設定残量以上である間は、第１切替部１３との間の配線を構成する第１電圧線及び第２電圧線の一方又は両方からの電流の受け入れを禁止して動作する。つまり、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が第１設定残量以上である間は、電力変換部２２へは、第１切替部１３との間の配線の片方の相からの電流流入であっても禁止される。尚、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が第１設定残量未満である間は、電力変換部２２への電流流入は許容される。また、電力変換部２２は、充放電制御部２３の制御によって、自立運転モードで動作している場合、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量に関わらず、上記接続経路の第１電圧線及び第２電圧線の一方又は両方からの電流の受け入れを許容して動作する。 To explain with a specific example, when the upper limit storage amount (upper limit SOC) is 100%, the first set remaining amount is set to a value such as 95%. When the power conversion unit 22 is operating in the interconnection operation mode, the power conversion unit 22 constitutes wiring with the first switching unit 13 while the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 21 is equal to or greater than the first set remaining amount. It operates by prohibiting the acceptance of current from one or both of the first voltage line and the second voltage line. That is, while the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 21 is equal to or greater than the first set remaining amount, even if the current flows into the power conversion unit 22 from one phase of the wiring between the electricity storage unit 21 and the first switching unit 13. It is forbidden. As long as the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 21 is less than the first set remaining amount, the inflow of current to the power conversion unit 22 is allowed. Further, when the power conversion unit 22 is operated in the self-sustaining operation mode under the control of the charge / discharge control unit 23, the first voltage line and the second voltage of the connection path are not related to the remaining charge remaining amount of the storage unit 21. It operates by allowing the acceptance of current from one or both of the wires.

つまり、充放電装置２０が連系運転モードで動作している場合、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が第１設定残量未満である間は蓄電部２１への充電が行われるが、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が第１設定残量以上である間は蓄電部２１からの放電のみが行われる。その結果、充放電装置２０が連系運転モードで動作している間の蓄電部２１の蓄電残量は多くても第１蓄電残量程度になることが期待される。そのため、充放電装置２０が連系運転モードから自立運転モードに切り替わった際には、蓄電部２１については、第１蓄電残量から上限蓄電残量まで充電できる余力が確保されていることが期待される。従って、例えば停電等の異常状態になってから発電装置３０が上記接続経路に連系した直後に発電装置３０が出力抑制モードで動作せず、発電装置３０から充放電装置２０へ電力が供給される状況になったとしても、蓄電部２１でその電力を余裕をもって充電できる。その結果、充放電装置２０が動作を停止するという問題の発生を回避できる。 That is, when the charging / discharging device 20 is operating in the interconnection operation mode, the storage unit 21 is charged while the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 21 is less than the first set remaining amount, but the electricity storage unit 21 is charged. While the remaining amount of stored electricity is equal to or greater than the first set remaining amount of electricity, only the electric storage unit 21 discharges. As a result, it is expected that the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 21 while the charging / discharging device 20 is operating in the interconnection operation mode is at most about the first remaining amount of electricity stored. Therefore, when the charging / discharging device 20 is switched from the interconnection operation mode to the self-sustaining operation mode, it is expected that the power storage unit 21 has enough capacity to charge from the first storage capacity to the upper limit storage capacity. Will be done. Therefore, for example, immediately after the power generation device 30 is connected to the connection path after an abnormal state such as a power failure, the power generation device 30 does not operate in the output suppression mode, and power is supplied from the power generation device 30 to the charge / discharge device 20. Even in such a situation, the power storage unit 21 can charge the electric power with a margin. As a result, it is possible to avoid the problem that the charging / discharging device 20 stops operating.

＜第４実施形態＞
第４実施形態の電源システムは、充放電装置２０の電力変換部２２が連系運転モードで動作している場合と自立運転モードで動作している場合とで蓄電部２１への充電の制御を異ならせる点で上記実施形態と異なっている。以下に第４実施形態の電源システムについて説明するが、上記実施形態と同様の構成については説明を省略する。尚、以下の説明は第１実施形態の変形例として行うが、上記第２実施形態及び上記第３実施形態にも本実施形態の特徴を適用することができる。 <Fourth Embodiment>
The power supply system of the fourth embodiment controls the charging of the power storage unit 21 depending on whether the power conversion unit 22 of the charging / discharging device 20 is operating in the interconnection operation mode or the self-sustaining operation mode. It differs from the above embodiment in that it is different. The power supply system of the fourth embodiment will be described below, but the description of the same configuration as that of the above embodiment will be omitted. Although the following description is given as a modification of the first embodiment, the features of the present embodiment can be applied to the second embodiment and the third embodiment.

図１０は、第４実施形態の電源システムの構成を示す図である。図示するように、電源システムは、充放電装置２０の電力変換部２２に対して蓄電部２１と並列に接続される太陽電池装置ＰＶを備える。具体的には、電力変換部２２は、第１切替部１３に接続されるＡＣ／ＤＣ変換部２２ａと、そのＡＣ／ＤＣ変換部２２ａの直流部に対して並列に接続されるＤＣ／ＤＣ変換部２２ｂ及びＤＣ／ＤＣ変換部２２ｃを備える。そして、ＤＣ／ＤＣ変換部２２ｂには蓄電部２１が接続され、ＤＣ／ＤＣ変換部２２ｃには太陽電池装置ＰＶが接続される。そして、電力変換部２２は、充放電制御部２３の制御によって、蓄電部２１への充電電力及び蓄電部２１からの放電電力と、太陽電池装置ＰＶから受け取る発電電力とを調節する。 FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a power supply system according to a fourth embodiment. As shown in the figure, the power supply system includes a solar cell device PV connected in parallel with the power storage unit 21 to the power conversion unit 22 of the charge / discharge device 20. Specifically, the power conversion unit 22 is a DC / DC conversion unit connected in parallel to the AC / DC conversion unit 22a connected to the first switching unit 13 and the DC unit of the AC / DC conversion unit 22a. A unit 22b and a DC / DC conversion unit 22c are provided. Then, the power storage unit 21 is connected to the DC / DC conversion unit 22b, and the solar cell device PV is connected to the DC / DC conversion unit 22c. Then, the power conversion unit 22 adjusts the charge power to the power storage unit 21, the discharge power from the power storage unit 21, and the power generation power received from the solar cell device PV under the control of the charge / discharge control unit 23.

本実施形態でも、充放電装置２０は、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態である場合には連系運転モードで動作し、電力系統１からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態である場合には自立運転モードで動作する。 Also in this embodiment, the charging / discharging device 20 operates in the interconnection operation mode when the power supply from the power system 1 is normally performed, and the power supply from the power system 1 is normally performed. If it is in an abnormal state that has not been performed, it operates in the self-sustaining operation mode.

連系運転モードの場合、充放電装置２０は、例えば、太陽電池装置ＰＶから供給される電力を電力変換部２２で受け取りながら、太陽電池装置ＰＶから供給される電力の少なくとも一部が電力系統１に逆潮流するような動作、太陽電池装置ＰＶから供給される電力の少なくとも一部が電力負荷装置３で消費されるような動作、太陽電池装置ＰＶから供給される電力の少なくとも一部が蓄電部２１に充電されるような動作などを行う。 In the interconnection operation mode, for example, the charging / discharging device 20 receives the power supplied from the solar cell device PV by the power conversion unit 22, and at least a part of the power supplied from the solar cell device PV is the power system 1. Operation such as reverse tide flow, operation such that at least a part of the electric power supplied from the solar cell device PV is consumed by the power load device 3, and at least a part of the electric power supplied from the solar cell device PV is a power storage unit. The operation such that the battery is charged to 21 is performed.

自立運転モードの場合、充放電装置２０は、例えば、後述する自立接続経路での電力の電圧及び周波数を所定の目標電圧及び目標周波数に維持するように、充電電力又は放電電力を制御する。加えて、充放電装置２０は、自立運転モードで動作する場合、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が第２設定残量以上である間、自立接続経路から電力変換部２２に電力が供給されている場合、太陽電池装置ＰＶから供給される電力を電力変換部２２で受け取らない。以下の説明では、第２設定残量が、上記第２蓄電量と同じＳＯＣ＝９０％と同じである場合で説明を行うが、第２設定残量は上記第２蓄電量と異なる値でもよい。 In the self-sustaining operation mode, the charging / discharging device 20 controls the charging power or the discharging power so as to maintain the voltage and frequency of the power in the self-sustaining connection path described later at a predetermined target voltage and target frequency, for example. In addition, when the charge / discharge device 20 operates in the self-sustaining operation mode, power is supplied to the power conversion unit 22 from the self-sustaining connection path while the remaining charge of the storage unit 21 is equal to or greater than the second set remaining amount. In this case, the power conversion unit 22 does not receive the power supplied from the solar cell device PV. In the following description, the case where the second set remaining amount is the same as the second stored amount and the same SOC = 90% will be described, but the second set remaining amount may be a value different from the second stored amount. ..

図１１は、本実施形態での充放電装置２０の動作制御を説明するフローチャートである。
工程＃３０において充放電制御部２３は、電圧測定部９の測定結果を参照して電力系統１が正常状態であるか否かを判定する。そして、充放電制御部２３は、電力系統１が正常状態である場合には工程＃３７に移行して充放電装置２０を連系運転モードで動作させ、電力系統１が異常状態である場合には工程＃３１に移行して充放電装置２０を自立運転モードで動作させる。 FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating operation control of the charging / discharging device 20 according to the present embodiment.
In step # 30, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines whether or not the power system 1 is in a normal state with reference to the measurement result of the voltage measurement unit 9. Then, when the power system 1 is in the normal state, the charge / discharge control unit 23 shifts to step # 37 to operate the charge / discharge device 20 in the interconnection operation mode, and when the power system 1 is in the abnormal state. Moves to step # 31 and operates the charging / discharging device 20 in the self-sustained operation mode.

工程＃３２において充放電制御部２３は、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が予め記憶してある第１蓄電量（例えば、ＳＯＣ＝８０％など）以上であるか否かを判定する。そして、充放電制御部２３は、蓄電残量が第１蓄電量以上でない場合には工程＃３６に移行して、目標電圧を初期値（例えば１００Ｖ等）に設定して、自立接続経路の電圧及び周波数を維持する制御を行う。 In step # 32, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines whether or not the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electricity storage unit 21 is equal to or greater than the first stored amount stored in advance (for example, SOC = 80%). Then, when the remaining charge amount is not equal to or more than the first charge amount, the charge / discharge control unit 23 shifts to step # 36, sets the target voltage to an initial value (for example, 100 V, etc.), and sets the voltage of the self-sustaining connection path. And control to maintain the frequency.

それに対して、充放電制御部２３は、工程＃３２において蓄電残量が第１蓄電量以上であると判定した場合には工程＃３３に移行する。工程＃３３において充放電制御部２３は、蓄電残量が、第１蓄電量より大きい第２蓄電量（例えば、ＳＯＣ＝９０％など）以上であるか否かを判定し、蓄電残量が第２蓄電量以上である場合には工程＃３５に移行し、蓄電残量が第２蓄電量未満（且つ第１蓄電量以上）である場合には工程＃３４に移行する。 On the other hand, when the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines in step # 32 that the remaining charge amount is equal to or greater than the first charge amount, the process proceeds to step # 33. In step # 33, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines whether or not the remaining charge is equal to or greater than the second charge (for example, SOC = 90%) larger than the first charge, and the remaining charge is the second. If the amount of stored electricity is 2 or more, the process proceeds to step # 35, and if the remaining amount of electricity stored is less than the second amount of electricity stored (and more than the first amount of electricity stored), the process proceeds to step # 34.

工程＃３４において充放電制御部２３は、目標電圧を、初期値より高い第１電圧（例えば１０７Ｖ等）に設定して、自立接続経路の電圧及び周波数を維持する制御を行う。 In step # 34, the charge / discharge control unit 23 sets the target voltage to a first voltage (for example, 107 V or the like) higher than the initial value, and controls to maintain the voltage and frequency of the self-supporting connection path.

工程＃３５において充放電制御部２３は、目標電圧を、初期値より高く且つ第１電圧より高い第２電圧（例えば１０９Ｖ等）に設定して、自立接続経路の電圧及び周波数を維持する制御を行う。 In step # 35, the charge / discharge control unit 23 sets the target voltage to a second voltage (for example, 109 V, etc.) higher than the initial value and higher than the first voltage, and controls to maintain the voltage and frequency of the self-supporting connection path. conduct.

次に、工程＃３８において充放電制御部２３は、電力変換部２２が自立接続経路から電力を受け取っているか否かを判定する。つまり、充放電制御部２３は、発電装置３０から充放電装置２０へ電力が供給されているか否かを判定する。そして、充放電制御部２３は、電力変換部２２が自立接続経路から電力を受け取っている場合には工程＃３９に移行して、太陽電池装置ＰＶから供給される電力を電力変換部２２で受け取らないように動作する。それに対して、充放電制御部２３は、電力変換部２２が自立接続経路から電力を受け取っていない場合にはそのような動作を行わず、太陽電池装置ＰＶから供給される電力を電力変換部２２で受け取る。 Next, in step # 38, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines whether or not the power conversion unit 22 receives power from the self-sustaining connection path. That is, the charge / discharge control unit 23 determines whether or not power is supplied from the power generation device 30 to the charge / discharge device 20. Then, when the power conversion unit 22 receives power from the self-sustaining connection path, the charge / discharge control unit 23 shifts to step # 39, and the power conversion unit 22 receives the power supplied from the solar cell device PV. It works as if it weren't. On the other hand, the charge / discharge control unit 23 does not perform such an operation when the power conversion unit 22 does not receive power from the self-sustaining connection path, and the power conversion unit 22 uses the power supplied from the solar cell device PV. Receive at.

このように、充放電装置２０は、自立運転モードで動作する場合、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が第２設定残量（即ち、第２蓄電量）以上である間、自立接続経路から電力変換部２２に電力が供給されている場合、太陽電池装置ＰＶから供給される電力を電力変換部２２で受け取らない。つまり、蓄電部２１の蓄電残量が第２設定残量以上である状況で、発電装置３０から供給される電力を蓄電部２１で充電しなければならないとしても、太陽電池装置ＰＶから供給される電力を蓄電部２１で充電する必要が無くなる。その結果、発電装置３０及び太陽電池装置ＰＶの両方から供給される電力を蓄電部２１で充電する場合と比較して、充放電装置２０の蓄電残量の増加の進行を緩やかにすることができる。 As described above, when the charging / discharging device 20 operates in the self-sustaining operation mode, the power is converted from the self-sustaining connection path while the remaining storage amount of the power storage unit 21 is equal to or larger than the second set remaining amount (that is, the second stored amount). When the electric power is supplied to the unit 22, the electric power conversion unit 22 does not receive the electric power supplied from the solar cell device PV. That is, even if the power stored in the power storage unit 21 must be charged by the power storage unit 21 in a situation where the remaining power stored in the power storage unit 21 is equal to or higher than the second set remaining amount, the power supplied from the power generation device 30 is supplied from the solar cell device PV. It is no longer necessary to charge the electric power in the power storage unit 21. As a result, the progress of the increase in the remaining charge of the charge / discharge device 20 can be slowed down as compared with the case where the electric power supplied from both the power generation device 30 and the solar cell device PV is charged by the power storage unit 21. ..

＜別実施形態＞
＜１＞
上記実施形態では、電源システム及び充放電システムの構成について具体例を挙げて説明したが、それらの構成は適宜変更可能である。
上記実施形態では、第１切替部１３が充放電装置２０とは別体で構成される状態を図示したが、例えば第１切替部１３が充放電装置２０と一体で構成されてもよい。 <Another Embodiment>
<1>
In the above embodiment, the configurations of the power supply system and the charge / discharge system have been described with specific examples, but the configurations thereof can be changed as appropriate.
In the above embodiment, the state in which the first switching unit 13 is configured separately from the charging / discharging device 20 is shown, but for example, the first switching unit 13 may be integrally configured with the charging / discharging device 20.

＜２＞
上記実施形態において、電源システムが、充放電装置２０と発電装置３０との間の自立接続経路の途中に設けられる絶縁変圧器１６を備える場合もある。図１２は、別実施形態の電源システムの構成を示す図であり、図１の変形例として記載している。図示するように、電源システムは、自立接続経路のうち、第１切替部１３と第２切替部１４との間の接続線４の途中に絶縁変圧器１６を備えている。加えて、充放電装置２０は、絶縁変圧器１６よりも発電装置３０の側の自立接続経路としての接続線４での電力の電圧を測定する電圧測定部２４を備える。このような構成を採用することで、充放電装置２０は、自立接続経路の途中に絶縁変圧器１６が設けられていたとしても、自立運転モードで動作する場合、その絶縁変圧器１６よりも発電装置３０の側の自立接続経路での電力の電圧を測定する電圧測定部２４の測定結果に基づいて、自立接続経路での電力の電圧を目標電圧に維持するように充電電力又は放電電力を調節できる。 <2>
In the above embodiment, the power supply system may include an isolation transformer 16 provided in the middle of the self-sustaining connection path between the charging / discharging device 20 and the power generation device 30. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the configuration of the power supply system of another embodiment, and is described as a modification of FIG. 1. As shown in the figure, the power supply system includes an isolation transformer 16 in the middle of the connection line 4 between the first switching unit 13 and the second switching unit 14 in the self-sustained connection path. In addition, the charging / discharging device 20 includes a voltage measuring unit 24 that measures the voltage of electric power on the connection line 4 as an independent connection path on the side of the power generation device 30 with respect to the isolation transformer 16. By adopting such a configuration, even if the insulation transformer 16 is provided in the middle of the self-sustaining connection path, the charging / discharging device 20 generates more power than the insulating transformer 16 when operating in the self-sustaining operation mode. Based on the measurement result of the voltage measuring unit 24 that measures the voltage of the power in the self-sustaining connection path on the side of the device 30, the charging power or the discharging power is adjusted so as to maintain the voltage of the power in the self-sustaining connection path at the target voltage. can.

＜３＞
上記実施形態では、充電残量や電圧値について具体的な数値を挙げて説明したが、それらの値は例示目的で記載したものであり適宜変更可能である。 <3>
In the above embodiment, the remaining charge and the voltage value have been described with specific numerical values, but these values are described for the purpose of illustration and can be changed as appropriate.

＜４＞
上記実施形態では、電圧測定部１５が第２切替部１４と第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間での電圧（即ち、電力線２の第２接続箇所Ｐ２での電圧）を測定する例を説明したが、電圧測定部１５を設けないことでもよい。例えば、発電装置３０が、電圧測定部１５に代えて、電力変換部３２が測定する電圧を第２切替部１４と第２接続箇所Ｐ２との間での電圧（電力線２の第２接続箇所Ｐ２での電圧）として参照してもよい。 <4>
In the above embodiment, an example in which the voltage measuring unit 15 measures the voltage between the second switching unit 14 and the second connection point P2 (that is, the voltage at the second connection point P2 of the power line 2) has been described. , The voltage measuring unit 15 may not be provided. For example, the power generation device 30 replaces the voltage measuring unit 15 with the voltage measured by the power conversion unit 32 between the second switching unit 14 and the second connection point P2 (the second connection point P2 of the power line 2). It may be referred to as (voltage at).

＜５＞
上記実施形態（別実施形態を含む）で開示される構成は、矛盾が生じない限り、他の実施形態で開示される構成と組み合わせて適用することが可能であり、また、本明細書において開示された実施形態は例示であって、本発明の実施形態はこれに限定されず、本発明の目的を逸脱しない範囲内で適宜改変することが可能である。 <5>
The configurations disclosed in the above embodiments (including other embodiments) can be applied in combination with the configurations disclosed in other embodiments as long as there is no contradiction, and are disclosed in the present specification. The embodiment described is an example, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the object of the present invention.

本発明は、発電装置等の電源装置の動作を充放電装置の動作と連動させることができる電源システム及び充放電システムに利用できる。 The present invention can be used for a power supply system and a charge / discharge system capable of interlocking the operation of a power supply device such as a power generation device with the operation of a charge / discharge device.

１ 電力系統
２ 電力線
３ 電力負荷装置
４ 接続線
６ 接続装置
７ スイッチ
８ 電力消費部
９ 電圧測定部
１０ 電流測定部
１１ 電流測定部
１２ 接続切替部
１３ 第１切替部（切替部）
１４ 第２切替部（切替部）
１５ 電圧測定部
１６ 絶縁変圧器
２０ 充放電装置
２１ 蓄電部
２２ 電力変換部
２３ 充放電制御部
２４ 電圧測定部
３０ 発電装置
３１ 発電部
３２ 電力変換部
３３ 発電制御部
Ｐ１ 第１接続箇所
Ｐ２ 第２接続箇所 1 Power system 2 Power line 3 Power load device 4 Connection line 6 Connection device 7 Switch 8 Power consumption unit 9 Voltage measurement unit 10 Current measurement unit 11 Current measurement unit 12 Connection switching unit 13 First switching unit (switching unit)
14 Second switching unit (switching unit)
15 Voltage measuring unit 16 Insulated transformer 20 Charging / discharging device 21 Storage unit 22 Power conversion unit 23 Charging / discharging control unit 24 Voltage measuring unit 30 Power generation device 31 Power generation unit 32 Power conversion unit 33 Power generation control unit P1 First connection point P2 Second Connection point

Claims (7)

充放電装置、発電装置、及び、前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の接続経路を、前記充放電装置及び前記発電装置が電力系統に対して電気的に接続された状態で互いに接続される連系接続経路と、前記充放電装置及び前記発電装置が前記電力系統から電気的に切り離された状態で互いに接続される自立接続経路との何れか一方に切り替える接続切替部を備える電源システムであって、
前記接続切替部は、前記電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態の場合、前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の接続経路を前記連系接続経路に切り替え、前記電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態の場合、前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との接続経路を前記自立接続経路に切り替えるように構成され、
前記充放電装置は、前記異常状態の場合、前記自立接続経路での電力の電圧及び周波数を目標電圧及び目標周波数に維持するように充電電力又は放電電力を調節する自立運転モードで動作し、前記目標電圧は、前記充放電装置の蓄電残量が多いほど電圧が高くなる関係で定められ、
前記発電装置は、前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の接続経路での電力の電圧が設定電圧以上であることを含む所定の高電圧条件を満たしていない間、当該接続経路への供給電力を所定の供給電力決定ルールで定まる値に調節する通常出力モードで動作し、前記高電圧条件を満たしている間、当該接続経路への供給電力を、前記供給電力決定ルールで定まる値よりも小さい値に調節する出力抑制モードで動作する電源システム。 The charging / discharging device, the power generation device, and the connection path between the charging / discharging device and the power generation device are connected to each other in a state where the charging / discharging device and the power generation device are electrically connected to the power system. A power supply system including a connection switching unit that switches between an interconnection connection path and an independent connection path in which the charging / discharging device and the power generation device are electrically separated from each other and connected to each other. There,
When the power supply from the power system is normally performed, the connection switching unit switches the connection path between the charge / discharge device and the power generation device to the interconnection connection path, and the power is supplied. In the case of an abnormal state in which power is not normally supplied from the grid, the connection path between the charge / discharge device and the power generation device is configured to be switched to the self-sustaining connection path.
In the case of the abnormal state, the charging / discharging device operates in a self-sustaining operation mode in which the charging power or the discharging power is adjusted so as to maintain the voltage and frequency of the power in the self-sustaining connection path at the target voltage and the target frequency. The target voltage is determined by the relationship that the higher the remaining charge of the charging / discharging device, the higher the voltage.
The power generation device supplies power to the connection path while the predetermined high voltage conditions including that the voltage of the power in the connection path between the charge / discharge device and the power generation device is equal to or higher than a set voltage are not satisfied. It operates in the normal output mode that adjusts the power to the value determined by the predetermined supply power determination rule, and while the high voltage condition is satisfied, the supply power to the connection path is higher than the value determined by the supply power determination rule. A power system that operates in output suppression mode that adjusts to a small value. 前記充放電装置は、前記電力系統に接続される電力線の第１接続箇所に接続され、
前記発電装置は、前記電力線の第２接続箇所に接続され、
前記電力線の前記第２接続箇所には電力負荷装置が接続され、
前記電力線に対する前記電力系統の接続箇所から見て下流側に向かって前記第１接続箇所と前記第２接続箇所とがその並び順で設けられ、
前記連系接続経路には、前記充放電装置及び前記発電装置及び前記電力負荷装置が接続され且つ前記電力系統が接続されており、前記第１接続箇所及び前記第２接続箇所が前記連系接続経路に含まれ、
前記自立接続経路には、前記充放電装置及び前記発電装置及び前記電力負荷装置が接続され且つ前記電力系統が接続されていない請求項１に記載の電源システム。 The charging / discharging device is connected to the first connection point of the power line connected to the power system.
The power generation device is connected to the second connection point of the power line, and the power generation device is connected to the second connection point.
A power load device is connected to the second connection point of the power line, and the power load device is connected to the second connection point.
The first connection point and the second connection point are provided in the order of arrangement toward the downstream side when viewed from the connection point of the power system to the power line.
The charging / discharging device, the power generation device, and the power load device are connected to the interconnection connection path, and the power system is connected, and the first connection point and the second connection point are the interconnection connection. Included in the route,
The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the charging / discharging device, the power generation device, and the power load device are connected to the self-sustaining connection path, and the power system is not connected. 前記発電装置と前記第２接続箇所との間を流れる電流にとっての電気抵抗を相対的に低くする第１状態と、前記発電装置と前記第２接続箇所との間を流れる電流にとっての電気抵抗を相対的に高くする第２状態とを切り替える接続装置を備え、
前記接続装置は、前記異常状態で且つ前記高電圧条件を満たしている間、前記発電装置と前記第２接続箇所との間の接続状態を前記第２状態に切り替える請求項２に記載の電源システム。 The first state, which makes the electric resistance for the current flowing between the power generation device and the second connection point relatively low, and the electric resistance for the current flowing between the power generation device and the second connection point. Equipped with a connection device to switch between the second state, which is relatively high,
The power supply system according to claim 2, wherein the connecting device switches the connection state between the power generation device and the second connection point to the second state while the abnormal state and the high voltage condition are satisfied. .. 前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の前記自立接続経路の途中に設けられる絶縁変圧器を備え、
前記充放電装置は、前記絶縁変圧器よりも前記発電装置の側の前記自立接続経路での電力の電圧を測定する電圧測定部を備える請求項１～３の何れか一項に記載の電源システム。 An isolation transformer provided in the middle of the self-sustained connection path between the charging / discharging device and the power generation device is provided.
The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the charging / discharging device includes a voltage measuring unit for measuring a voltage of electric power in the self-sustained connection path on the side of the power generation device with respect to the isolation transformer. .. 前記充放電装置は、蓄電部と電力変換部とを備え、
前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の接続経路は、第１電圧線及び第２電圧線及び中性線を有する単相３線式の配線を用いて構成され、
前記電力変換部は、前記正常状態である場合には連系運転モードで動作し、前記異常状態である場合には前記自立運転モードで動作し、
前記電力変換部は、前記連系運転モードで動作している場合、前記蓄電部の前記蓄電残量が所定の上限蓄電残量よりも低い第１設定残量以上である間は、前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の接続経路を構成する前記第１電圧線及び前記第２電圧線の一方又は両方からの電流の受け入れを禁止して動作し、
前記自立運転モードで動作している場合、前記蓄電部の前記蓄電残量に関わらず、前記充放電装置と前記発電装置との間の接続経路を構成する前記第１電圧線及び前記第２電圧線の一方又は両方からの電流の受け入れを許容して動作する請求項１～４の何れか一項に記載の電源システム。 The charging / discharging device includes a power storage unit and a power conversion unit.
The connection path between the charge / discharge device and the power generation device is configured by using a single-phase three-wire type wiring having a first voltage line, a second voltage line, and a neutral line.
The power conversion unit operates in the interconnection operation mode when it is in the normal state, and operates in the self-sustaining operation mode when it is in the abnormal state.
When the power conversion unit is operating in the interconnection operation mode, the charge / discharge unit is charged / discharged while the remaining amount of stored electricity in the electricity storage unit is equal to or higher than the first set remaining amount lower than the predetermined upper limit remaining amount of electricity stored. It operates by prohibiting the acceptance of current from one or both of the first voltage line and the second voltage line constituting the connection path between the device and the power generation device.
When operating in the self-sustaining operation mode, the first voltage line and the second voltage constituting the connection path between the charge / discharge device and the power generation device regardless of the remaining charge remaining in the power storage unit. The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power supply system operates by allowing the acceptance of current from one or both of the wires. 前記充放電装置は、蓄電部と電力変換部とを備え、
前記充放電装置の前記電力変換部に対して前記蓄電部と並列に接続される太陽電池装置を備え、
前記充放電装置は、前記自立運転モードで動作する場合、前記蓄電部の前記蓄電残量が第２設定残量以上である間、前記自立接続経路から前記電力変換部に電力が供給されている場合、前記太陽電池装置から供給される電力を前記電力変換部で受け取らない請求項１～５の何れか一項に記載の電源システム。 The charging / discharging device includes a power storage unit and a power conversion unit.
A solar cell device connected in parallel with the power storage unit with respect to the power conversion unit of the charge / discharge device is provided.
When the charge / discharge device operates in the self-sustaining operation mode, power is supplied to the power conversion unit from the self-sustaining connection path while the remaining charge of the storage unit is equal to or greater than the second set remaining amount. The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the power conversion unit does not receive the power supplied from the solar cell device. 充放電装置、及び、前記充放電装置の接続先を切り替える切替部を備える充放電システムであって、
前記切替部は、電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われている正常状態の場合、前記電力系統に対して電気的に接続された状態にある連系接続経路に前記充放電装置を接続し、前記電力系統からの電力供給が正常に行われていない異常状態の場合、前記電力系統から電気的に切り離された状態にある自立接続経路に前記充放電装置を接続し、
前記充放電装置は、前記異常状態の場合、前記自立接続経路での電力の電圧及び周波数を目標電圧及び目標周波数に維持するように充電電力又は放電電力を調節する自立運転モードで動作し、前記目標電圧は、前記充放電装置の蓄電残量が多いほど電圧が高くなる関係で定められる充放電システム。 A charge / discharge system including a charge / discharge device and a switching unit for switching the connection destination of the charge / discharge device.
The switching unit connects the charging / discharging device to an interconnection connection path that is electrically connected to the power system in a normal state in which power is normally supplied from the power system. In the case of an abnormal state in which the power supply from the power system is not normally performed, the charging / discharging device is connected to the self-sustaining connection path in the state of being electrically disconnected from the power system.
In the case of the abnormal state, the charging / discharging device operates in a self-sustaining operation mode in which the charging power or the discharging power is adjusted so as to maintain the voltage and frequency of the power in the self-sustaining connection path at the target voltage and the target frequency. The target voltage is a charge / discharge system determined by the relationship that the voltage increases as the remaining charge of the charge / discharge device increases.

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