JP2022035377A - Nourishing solution soil culture device - Google Patents

Nourishing solution soil culture device Download PDF

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JP2022035377A
JP2022035377A JP2020139646A JP2020139646A JP2022035377A JP 2022035377 A JP2022035377 A JP 2022035377A JP 2020139646 A JP2020139646 A JP 2020139646A JP 2020139646 A JP2020139646 A JP 2020139646A JP 2022035377 A JP2022035377 A JP 2022035377A
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nutrient solution
solution
soil cultivation
hydroponic
concentration
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剛 秀城
Takeshi Hideki
銀朗 遠藤
Kaneaki Endo
留美子 秀城
Rumiko Hideki
絵理奈 松山
Erina Matsuyama
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Itn Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

To provide a nourishing solution soil culture device capable of supplying silver ions with concentration at which, health growth of plants can be promoted in a concentration range of not completely eliminating symbiotic microorganisms in plants, instead of disinfectants and the like required for plant culture, and achieve nourishing solution soil culture capable of increasing yield in nourishing solution soil culture and eliminating use of an agent such as a disinfectant in plant culture.SOLUTION: There is provided a device which is configured to: prepare a preserved stock solution including 5 mg/L or more of silver ion concentration for stably holding a state of silver ions; dilute the preserved stock solution by a nutrient solution for nourishing solution soil culture, for supplying the silver ion to nutrient liquid for nourishing solution soil culture so that concentration of the silver ions is 0.0005 mg/L or more and 0.025 mg/L or less at which the symbiotic microorganisms are not completely eliminated. In addition, by using an organic nutrient solution formed by fermenting raw materials including an organic matter, as the nutrient solution for nourishing solution soil culture, a plant production amount by nourishing solution soil culture can be further increased.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

本発明は、植物の養液土耕栽培を行う際に用いる土耕用養液にこれまで知られている植物栄養成分に加えて、植物生育活性化成分としてすくなくとも銀イオンを有効な状態と濃度で添加することを可能にする養液土耕栽培用装置に関するものである。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention provides an effective state and concentration of at least silver ions as a plant growth activating component in addition to the plant nutritional components known so far in the soil cultivation nutrient solution used for hydroponic cultivation of plants. It relates to a hydroponic soil cultivation device that can be added in.

銀イオンはウイルス及び細菌等の病原微生物の抗菌剤・消毒剤・除菌剤として使用され、所定の効果を持つ製品及び用法に有効に適用されてきた。したがって、銀イオンは主として健康衛生分野、医療分野、食品産業分野等において微生物病の発生を予防し阻止するための資材として使用されてきている。 Silver ions have been used as antibacterial agents, disinfectants, and disinfectants for pathogenic microorganisms such as viruses and bacteria, and have been effectively applied to products and usages having predetermined effects. Therefore, silver ions have been used mainly in the fields of health and hygiene, the medical field, the food industry, and the like as materials for preventing and preventing the occurrence of microbial diseases.

本出願人及び本発明者は、植物栽培土壌微生物及び植物栽培養液微生物及び植物の付着共生微生物及び/又は植物の内部共生微生物を不完全にしか排除できない低濃度の銀イオンを含有する水溶液が、植物育成環境改善に顕著な効果を持つことを発見し、さらに銀イオンが植物の活性化能を維持できる状態でこれを養液土耕栽培用栄養液に効果的に添加することについて検討し本装置の発明に至った。 The applicant and the present inventor have an aqueous solution containing a low concentration of silver ions that can only incompletely eliminate plant-grown soil microorganisms, plant-cultivated nutrient solution microorganisms, adherent symbiotic microorganisms of plants, and / or internal symbiotic microorganisms of plants. , Discovered that it has a remarkable effect on improving the plant growing environment, and further examined the effective addition of silver ions to the nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation in a state where the ability to activate plants can be maintained. It led to the invention of this device.

土壌栽培及び/又は養液栽培により生育する植物は、全くの無菌環境(微生物フリー)で生きていることは極めて特殊な環境における以外にはあり得ず、多くの場合においては細菌や古細菌及び菌類等の微生物と共存及び/又は共生して生育している。それら微生物と植物との共生は、単に生存場を共にしているだけという場合もあるが、多くのケースでは片利的或は相利的な共生関係を形成している。片利共生の関係においては、微生物が植物に対して病原性を持つ場合があるが、そうではない片利共生及び相利共生の関係が普遍的に見られことに比較して、病原性を示すに至る片利共生のケースは稀に見られるに過ぎない。したがって、土壌環境や水環境に生存する多くの微生物は植物の生育にとって無害であるか、むしろその生育を促進させる役割を有している。 Plants grown by soil and / or hydroponic cultivation can only live in a completely sterile environment (microorganism-free) in extremely special environments, often with bacteria, archaea and It grows in coexistence and / or symbiosis with microorganisms such as fungi. The symbiosis between these microorganisms and plants may simply share a living place, but in many cases, they form a commensal or mutualistic symbiotic relationship. In the commensal relationship, the microorganisms may be pathogenic to the plant, but the pathogenicity is compared to the universal relationship between commensalism and mutualism, which is not the case. The cases of commensalism leading up to the above are rarely seen. Therefore, many microorganisms that survive in soil and water environments are harmless to the growth of plants, or rather have a role in promoting their growth.

一定濃度以上の銀イオンを含有するウイルス及び細菌等の病原微生物の抗菌剤・消毒剤は、微生物を排除することによって微生物感染症の発生を防止することに有効に使われており、健康衛生分野・医療分野・食品産業分野等において重要な銀イオンの適用技術分野を形成するに至っている。しかしながら、農業・林業・園芸等の植物の栽培を必須とする産業分野においては、前述の微生物と植物との共生関係の維持が必要とされることから、ほぼ全ての微生物を排除する一定濃度以上の高濃度の銀イオンが示す制菌や殺菌といった特性は、むしろ逆効果をもたらすことが多かった。 Antibacterial agents and disinfectants for pathogenic microorganisms such as viruses and bacteria containing silver ions at a certain concentration or higher are effectively used to prevent the occurrence of microbial infectious diseases by eliminating microorganisms, and are used effectively in the field of health and hygiene. -It has led to the formation of important silver ion application technology fields in the medical field, food industry field, etc. However, in industrial fields such as agriculture, forestry, and horticulture, where the cultivation of plants is essential, it is necessary to maintain the symbiotic relationship between the above-mentioned microorganisms and plants. The bactericidal and bactericidal properties of the high concentrations of silver ions were rather counterproductive.

本発明の製品及びその適用技術は、銀イオンの抗菌剤・消毒剤として有効な最低濃度を検討する研究において得られた研究結果により発見するに至った。脱塩素水を用いて希釈した銀イオン(Ag+)濃度が0.060 mg/L以上の水溶液に30分間暴露しその後NB寒天平板培地に塗布して生残菌数を測定したところ、供試したPseudomonas属細菌、Escherichia属細菌及びBacillus属細菌はすべて増殖活性を失いこの濃度の銀イオン水は完全な消毒効果を示した。脱塩素水を用いて希釈した銀イオン(Ag+)濃度が0.050 mg/Lから0.030 mg/Lの溶液に30分間暴露した供試細菌は、用いた3種類の供試細菌によって異なるものの、この範囲の銀イオン濃度にほぼ比例して増殖活性を失い、その平均失活率は47~69%であった。つぎに、銀イオン濃度を0.025 mg/L以下に低下させて同様に暴露しその消毒効果を見たところ、3種すべての供試細菌の平均失活率は22%以下(生残率として78%以上)となった。 The product of the present invention and its application technique have been discovered by the research results obtained in the study for examining the minimum concentration effective as an antibacterial agent / disinfectant for silver ions. It was exposed to an aqueous solution having a silver ion (Ag +) concentration of 0.060 mg / L or more diluted with dechlorinated water for 30 minutes, and then applied to an NB agar plate medium to measure the number of surviving bacteria. Bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas, Bacteria of Escherichia and Bacteria of Bacillus all lost their growth activity, and silver ionized water at this concentration showed a complete disinfecting effect. The test bacteria exposed to a solution having a silver ion (Ag +) concentration of 0.050 mg / L to 0.030 mg / L diluted with dechlorinated water for 30 minutes differ depending on the three types of test bacteria used. However, the growth activity was lost almost in proportion to the silver ion concentration in this range, and the average deactivation rate was 47 to 69%. Next, when the silver ion concentration was lowered to 0.025 mg / L or less and exposed in the same manner to see the disinfecting effect, the average inactivation rate of all three test bacteria was 22% or less (survival rate). 78% or more).

次に、このようなPseudomonas属細菌、Escherichia属細菌及びBacillus属細菌を失活させることのない低濃度の銀イオンを添加した養液土耕栄養素溶液を用いることによって、植物の養液土耕栽培にどのような効果をもたらすかを、トマトを用いた養液土耕栽培実験により調べた。 Next, hydroponic cultivation of plants is carried out by using a hydroponic soil culture nutrient solution supplemented with a low concentration of silver ions that does not inactivate such Pseudomonas spp., Escherichia spp. And Bacillus spp. What kind of effect is brought about by the hydroponic soil cultivation experiment using tomato was investigated.

厚さ75ミリメートルの発泡スチロール板に設けた穿孔(丸型:直径40ミリメートル×深さ60ミリメートル)に発芽培土として粒径2.5ミリメートルのガラスビーズを詰め、精製水で灌水した後にトマトの種子を播種し発芽・発根させた。各ガラスビーズ培地で発芽したトマト苗は、発芽後7日目の時点でほぼ同様に生長した苗が1本だけとなるように間引きした。発芽後7日齢となったガラスビーズ培土で生長したトマト苗を、3×4の12株ごとの3つの発泡スチロールのブロックに切り分け、A、B、Cの3つの試験群として実験に用いた。その後14日間養液土耕栽培を行ったが、養液土耕栽培7日までは1株あたり10mLの養液をシリンジによって毎日朝晩の2回に分けて供給する方式で、養液土耕栽培8日目以降14日目までは1株あたり1日あたり20mLの養液をシリンジによって午前2回午後2回の4回に分けて供給する方式で養液土耕栽培を行った。A試験群の栽培容器には養液として精製水のみを供給、B試験群の栽培容器には市販無機栄養素溶液(精製水により1000倍希釈したもの)を供給、C試験群の栽培容器には同一の市販無機栄養素溶液(精製水により1000倍希釈したもの)に0.010mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加したものを供給し、1サイクルが14時間2500 lx 白色蛍光灯照射(明条件)・10時間白色蛍光灯非照射(暗条件)に設定しかつ気温22℃及び湿度75%の恒温恒湿に設定した人工気象機に入れて、14日間トマトの養液土耕栽培を行った。その後に、A、B、Cの試験群の全てのトマトをガラスビーズ培土から取り出し、それらのトマトの根に付着したガラスビーズを水洗によって取り除いた。次に、トマトをルート部とシュート部に切り分け、その後48℃にセットした恒温乾燥機内で5日間乾燥処理し、各群の各12株のトマトのルート部とシュート部の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)を測定した。トマトの各群ごとの平均全バイオマス重量は、上記の各群ごとに求めたシュート部とルート部の合計値とした。 A perforation (round shape: diameter 40 mm x depth 60 mm) provided on a 75 mm thick foamed styrol plate is filled with glass beads having a particle size of 2.5 mm as germination soil, and after irrigation with purified water, tomato seeds are sown. It was sown and germinated and rooted. The tomato seedlings germinated in each glass bead medium were thinned out so that only one seedling grew in almost the same manner on the 7th day after germination. Tomato seedlings grown in glass bead hilling 7 days after germination were cut into 3 blocks of Styrofoam for every 12 strains of 3 × 4, and used as three test groups of A, B, and C in the experiment. After that, hydroponic soil cultivation was carried out for 14 days. From the 8th day to the 14th day, hydroponic soil cultivation was carried out by supplying 20 mL of nutrient solution per plant per day in 4 divided doses, 2 times in the morning and 2 times in the afternoon. Only purified water is supplied as a nutrient solution to the cultivation container of the A test group, a commercially available inorganic nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water) is supplied to the cultivation container of the B test group, and the cultivation container of the C test group is supplied. The same commercially available inorganic nutrient solution (diluted 1000-fold with purified water) supplemented with silver ions added to a concentration of 0.010 mg / L was supplied, and one cycle was 2,500 lpx white fluorescent lamp irradiation for 14 hours (1 cycle). Light conditions) ・ Put in an artificial meteorological machine set to 10 hours non-irradiation with white fluorescent light (dark conditions) and set to constant temperature and humidity with a temperature of 22 ° C and a humidity of 75%, and cultivated tomatoes in purified water for 14 days. went. After that, all the tomatoes of the test groups A, B, and C were taken out from the glass bead hilling, and the glass beads adhering to the roots of the tomatoes were removed by washing with water. Next, the tomatoes were cut into root and shoot parts, and then dried in a constant temperature dryer set at 48 ° C. for 5 days, and the average total biomass weight (drying) of the root and shoot parts of each of the 12 tomatoes in each group was dried. Weight) was measured. The average total biomass weight of each group of tomatoes was the total value of the shoot part and the root part obtained for each group described above.

14日間の養液土耕栽培後にバイオマス重量を測定したところ下記の試験結果を得た。トマトの各群ごとの平均全バイオマス重量は、A群1.87g、B群4.43g、C群6.25gであった。各12株のシュート部平均バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)は、A群1.12g、B群3.08g、C群3.14gであった。また、ルート部平均バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)は、A群0.75g、B群1.35g、C群3.11gであった。 When the biomass weight was measured after 14 days of hydroponic soil cultivation, the following test results were obtained. The average total biomass weight of each group of tomatoes was 1.87 g in group A, 4.43 g in group B, and 6.25 g in group C. The average biomass weight (dry weight) of the shoots of each of the 12 strains was 1.12 g in group A, 3.08 g in group B, and 3.14 g in group C. The average biomass weight (dry weight) of the root portion was 0.75 g in group A, 1.35 g in group B, and 3.11 g in group C.

これらの結果より、市販無機栄養素溶液(精製水により1000倍希釈したもの)に0.010mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加した養液土耕液を用いた場合のトマト(C試験群)は、同一の市販無機栄養素溶液のみを用いた場合のトマト(B試験群)と比較して、植物全体としてバイオマス重量を1.40倍に増大させたことが知られた。一方、トマトのルート部のバイオマス重量は、銀イオンを添加した養液土耕液を用いることにより市販無機栄養素溶液のみを用いた場合と比較して2.30倍となり、養液土耕液への銀イオンの添加はトマトの根の生長を顕著に促進させることが分かった。 From these results, tomatoes (C test) when a nutrient solution soil cultivation solution in which silver ions were added to a concentration of 0.010 mg / L in a commercially available inorganic nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water) was used. It was known that the group) increased the biomass weight of the whole plant by 1.40 times as compared with the tomato (test group B) when only the same commercially available inorganic nutrient solution was used. On the other hand, the biomass weight of the root part of tomato is 2.30 times higher than that of the case where only the commercially available inorganic nutrient solution is used by using the nutrient solution soil cultivation solution to which silver ions are added. It was found that the addition of silver ions significantly promoted the growth of tomato roots.

次に、トマトを上記と同じガラスビーズ培土に播種し発芽・発根させ、発芽後10日齢となった苗81株を9株ずつの第1群~第9群の9つの試験群に分けて実験に用いた。播種し発芽した各ガラスビーズ培土は、ほぼ同様に生長したトマト苗が1本となるように間引きし、そのガラスビーズ培土が埋め込まれた発泡スチロールを3×3の9株ごとの9つの発泡スチロールのブロックに切り分けた。その後、それぞれの群の養液土耕トマトには、第1群の養液土耕栽培のものには市販無機栄養素溶液(精製水により1000倍希釈したもの)を、養液土耕栽培7日までは1株あたり1日当たり10mLの養液をシリンジによって毎日朝晩の2回に分けて供給する方式で、栽培8日目以降14日目までは1株あたり1日当たり20mLの養液をシリンジによって午前2回午後2回の4回に分けて供給する方式によって灌水して養液土耕栽培を行った。一方、第2群~第9群の栽培容器には、それぞれ同一の市販無機栄養素溶液(精製水により1000倍希釈したもの)に、0.00025mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加(第2群)、0.0005mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加(第3群)、0.001mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加(第4群)、0.005mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加(第5群)、0.010mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加(第6群)、0.025mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加(第7群)、0.050mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加(第8群)、0.10mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加(第9群)した市販無機栄養素溶液(精製水により1000倍希釈したもの)を、それぞれ7日までは1株あたり1日当たり10mLの養液をシリンジによって毎日朝晩の2回に分けて供給する方式で、栽培8日目以降14日目までは1株あたり1日当たり20mLの養液をシリンジによって午前2回午後2回の4回に分けて供給する方式で灌水して養液土耕栽培を行った。これらの養液土耕栽培は、いずれも1サイクルを14時間2500 lx 白色蛍光灯照射(明条件)・10時間白色蛍光灯非照射(暗条件)に設定し、かつ気温22℃及び湿度75%の恒温恒湿に設定された人工気象機に入れて、14日間の養液土耕栽培後の各群9株ごとのトマト平均全バイオマス量を測定した。各試験群の平均全バイオマス量は、第1~第9の試験群の全てのトマトをガラスビーズ培土から取り出し、それらのトマトの根に付着したガラスビーズを水洗によって取り除いた後に、48℃にセットした恒温乾燥機内で5日間乾燥処理した後に測定した各群の9株のトマトの平均乾燥重量として求めた。 Next, tomatoes were sown in the same glass bead soil as above to germinate and root, and 81 seedlings 10 days after germination were divided into 9 test groups of 9 strains each of 9 strains. Used in the experiment. Each sown and germinated glass bead hilling is thinned out so that there is only one tomato seedling that has grown in almost the same way, and the styrofoam in which the glass bead hilling is embedded is a block of 9 styrofoam for every 9 strains of 3 × 3. It was cut into pieces. After that, for each group of hydroponic soil-cultivated tomatoes, a commercially available inorganic nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water) for the hydroponic soil-cultivated tomatoes of the first group was applied to the hydroponic soil-cultivated tomatoes for 7 days. Up to 10 mL of nutrient solution per plant per day is supplied by syringe in two separate doses, morning and evening, and from the 8th day to the 14th day of cultivation, 20 mL of nutrient solution per plant per day is supplied by syringe in the morning. Hydroponic soil cultivation was carried out by irrigating the plants by supplying them in four divided doses, two times in the afternoon and two times in the afternoon. On the other hand, in the cultivation vessels of Groups 2 to 9, silver ions were added to the same commercially available inorganic nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water) so as to have a concentration of 0.0025 mg / L (the concentration was 0.0025 mg / L). Group 2), silver ions were added to a concentration of 0.0005 mg / L (group 3), silver ions were added to a concentration of 0.001 mg / L (group 4), 0.005 mg. Silver ions were added to a concentration of / L (Group 5), silver ions were added to a concentration of 0.010 mg / L (Group 6), and a concentration of 0.025 mg / L was obtained. Silver ions were added (Group 7), silver ions were added so that the concentration was 0.050 mg / L (Group 8), and silver ions were added so that the concentration was 0.10 mg / L (Group 9). ) Commercially available inorganic nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water) is cultivated by supplying 10 mL of nutrient solution per strain per day in two divided doses, morning and evening, up to 7 days each. From the day to the 14th day, 20 mL of nutrient solution per strain was irrigated with a syringe twice in the morning and twice in the afternoon, and the nutrient solution was cultivated in soil. In each of these hydroponic soil cultivation, one cycle is set to 2500 lp x white fluorescent lamp irradiation (light condition) for 14 hours and white fluorescent lamp non-irradiation (dark condition) for 10 hours, and the temperature is 22 ° C and the humidity is 75%. The average total biomass of tomatoes for each group of 9 strains after 14 days of hydroponic soil cultivation was measured in an artificial meteorological machine set to constant temperature and humidity. The average total biomass of each test group was set at 48 ° C. after removing all tomatoes of the 1st to 9th test groups from the glass bead hilling, removing the glass beads adhering to the roots of those tomatoes by washing with water. It was determined as the average dry weight of 9 tomatoes in each group measured after drying in a constant temperature dryer for 5 days.

養液土耕栽培14日後における第2~第9の試験群の各9株の平均全バイオマス重量は、市販の栄養素溶液(精製水により1000倍希釈したもの)だけの養液土耕液を用いて栽培したトマト9株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)(第1群)と比較して、市販栄養素溶液(精製水により1000倍希釈したもの)に銀イオン濃度が0.00025mg/Lとなるように添加して栽培した第2群のトマト9株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)は1.03倍となり、この濃度で銀イオンを添加してもトマトの生長に大きな違いは見られなかった。 For the average total biomass weight of each of the 9 strains in the 2nd to 9th test groups 14 days after hydroponic soil cultivation, a hydroponic soil cultivation solution containing only a commercially available nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water) was used. Compared with the average total biomass weight (dry weight) (Group 1) of 9 tomatoes cultivated in Japan, the silver ion concentration in a commercially available nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water) is 0.0025 mg / L. The average total biomass weight (dry weight) of the 9 tomato strains in the second group cultivated by adding the above was 1.03 times, and even if silver ions were added at this concentration, there was no significant difference in the growth of tomatoes. rice field.

一方、同一の市販無機栄養素溶液(無機栄養素を配合して市販されている肥料液)を精製水により1000倍希釈したものに、銀イオン濃度が0.0005mg/L(第3群)、0.001mg/L(第4群)、0.005mg/L(第5群)、0.010mg/L(第6群)、0.025mg/L(第7群)となるように銀イオンを添加した養液土耕液を用いて14日間栽培した各群のトマト9株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)は、市販の栄養素溶液(精製水により1000倍希釈したもの)だけの養液土耕液を用いて栽培したトマト9株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)(第1群)と比較して、それぞれ1.09倍(第3群)、1.18倍(第4群)、1.33倍(第5群)、1.48倍(第6群)、1.60倍(第7群)となり、この範囲の養液土耕液中の銀イオンの濃度の増大に伴ってトマトのバイオマス量が有意に増大した。 On the other hand, the same commercially available inorganic nutrient solution (commercially available fertilizer solution containing inorganic nutrients) diluted 1000-fold with purified water with a silver ion concentration of 0.0005 mg / L (Group 3), 0. Silver ions were added so as to be 001 mg / L (4th group), 0.005 mg / L (5th group), 0.010 mg / L (6th group), and 0.025 mg / L (7th group). The average total biomass weight (dry weight) of 9 tomatoes in each group cultivated for 14 days using the nutrient solution soil cultivation solution is the nutrient solution soil cultivation solution containing only a commercially available nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water). 1.09 times (3rd group), 1.18 times (4th group), 1.09 times, respectively, compared with the average total biomass weight (dry weight) (1st group) of 9 tomatoes cultivated using. 33 times (5th group), 1.48 times (6th group), 1.60 times (7th group), and as the concentration of silver ions in the nutrient solution soil cultivation solution in this range increases, the tomatoes The amount of biomass increased significantly.

しかし、市販栄養素溶液(無機栄養素を配合して市販されている肥料液)を精製水により1000倍希釈したものに、銀イオン濃度が0.05mg/L(第8群)、0.10mg/L(第9群)となるように銀イオンを添加した養液土耕液を用いて14日間栽培した際の各群のトマト9株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)は、市販栄養素溶液(無機栄養素を配合して市販されている肥料液)を精製水により1000倍希釈したものだけの養液土耕液を用いて栽培したトマト9株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)(第1群)に比較して、それぞれ1.43倍(第8群)、1.27倍(第9群)と、銀イオンを0.025mg/L(第7群)となるように添加した第7群(1.60倍)よりもトマトの生長促進効果が減少した。 However, a commercially available nutrient solution (a fertilizer solution that is commercially available containing inorganic nutrients) diluted 1000-fold with purified water has a silver ion concentration of 0.05 mg / L (Group 8) and 0.10 mg / L. The average total biomass weight (dry weight) of 9 tomatoes in each group when cultivated for 14 days using a nutrient solution soil cultivation solution to which silver ions were added so as to be (Group 9) is a commercially available nutrient solution (inorganic). Average total biomass weight (dry weight) of 9 tomatoes cultivated using a nutrient solution soil cultivated solution obtained by diluting a commercially available fertilizer solution containing nutrients 1000 times with purified water (Group 1) Group 7 (Group 7) to which silver ions were added so as to be 1.43 times (Group 8) and 1.27 times (Group 9), respectively, and silver ion at 0.025 mg / L (Group 7). The growth promoting effect of tomato was reduced compared to 1.60 times).

しかし、市販栄養素溶液(無機栄養素を配合して市販されている肥料液)を精製水により1000倍希釈したものに、銀イオン濃度が0.05mg/L(第8群)、0.10mg/L(第9群)となるように銀イオンを添加した養液土耕液を用いて14日間栽培した際の各群のトマト9株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)は、市販栄養素溶液(無機栄養素を配合して市販されている肥料液)を精製水により1000倍希釈したものだけの養液土耕液を用いて栽培したトマト9株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)(第1群)に比較して、それぞれ1.43倍(第8群)、1.27倍(第9群)と、銀イオンを0.025mg/L(第7群)となるように添加した第7群(1.60倍)よりもトマトの生長促進効果が減少した。 However, a commercially available nutrient solution (a fertilizer solution that is commercially available containing inorganic nutrients) diluted 1000-fold with purified water has a silver ion concentration of 0.05 mg / L (Group 8) and 0.10 mg / L. The average total biomass weight (dry weight) of 9 tomatoes in each group when cultivated for 14 days using a nutrient solution soil cultivation solution to which silver ions were added so as to be (Group 9) is a commercially available nutrient solution (inorganic). Average total biomass weight (dry weight) of 9 tomatoes cultivated using a nutrient solution soil cultivated solution obtained by diluting a commercially available fertilizer solution containing nutrients 1000 times with purified water (Group 1) Group 7 (Group 7) to which silver ions were added so as to be 1.43 times (Group 8) and 1.27 times (Group 9), respectively, and silver ion at 0.025 mg / L (Group 7). The growth promoting effect of tomato was reduced compared to 1.60 times).

そこで、通常養液土耕栽培装置に使用される無機栄養成分を溶解した栄養素溶液を栽培植物に供給する設備に加えて、植物生育活性化成分として5mg/L以上の濃度で銀イオンを含有する水溶液を当該栄養素溶液に定量的に添加する設備を追加設置することによって、植物栄養成分を溶解した無機栄養素溶液によって希釈された後の銀イオンの濃度が安定して0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下となるようにする養液土耕栽培装置を考案した。 Therefore, in addition to a facility that supplies a nutrient solution in which an inorganic nutrient component normally used in a hydroponic soil cultivation device is dissolved to a cultivated plant, it contains silver ions at a concentration of 5 mg / L or more as a plant growth activating component. By additionally installing a facility for quantitatively adding an aqueous solution to the nutrient solution, the concentration of silver ions after being diluted with the inorganic nutrient solution in which the phytonutrient component is dissolved is stable at 0.0005 mg / L or more. We devised a hydroponic soil cultivation device to reduce the concentration to 025 mg / L or less.

次に、本発明では、上記で用いたものと同一の無機栄養素溶液(無機栄養素のみを配合して市販されている肥料液)と有機栄養素溶液(イワシを煮干に加工する際に副産物として得られる煮汁を30日間好気的に攪拌発酵させて製造した栄養素溶液)の何れが、上述の銀イオン液を植物成長促進液として用いる養液土耕栽培における栄養液として効果的かを養液栽培実験により調べた。 Next, in the present invention, the same inorganic nutrient solution (a fertilizer solution that contains only inorganic nutrients and is commercially available) and an organic nutrient solution (obtained as by-products when sardines are boiled and dried) are obtained. Nutrient solution produced by aerobically stirring and fertilizing broth for 30 days) is more effective as a nutrient solution in hydroponic soil cultivation using the above-mentioned silver ion solution as a plant growth promoting solution. Investigated by.

この実験では、トマトを上記と同じガラスビーズ培土に播種し発芽・発根させ、発芽後10日齢となった苗48株を12株ずつのA、B、C、Dの4の試験群に分けて実施した。発芽した各ガラスビーズ培土はほぼ同様に生長したトマト苗が1本となるように間引きし、そのガラスビーズ培土が埋め込まれた発泡スチロールを3×4の12株の4つの発泡スチロールのブロックに切り分けた。それぞれの養液土耕ブロックのうち、A試験群の養液土耕栽培ブロックには前の試験で用いたものと同一の市販無機栄養素溶液(無機栄養素のみを配合して市販されている肥料液を精製水により1/1000に希釈したもの)を、養液土耕栽培7日まではトマト1株あたり1日当たり10mLをシリンジによって毎日午前2回午後2回の4回に分けて供給する方式で、栽培8日目以降14日目まではトマト1株あたり1日当たり20mLの養液をシリンジによって毎日朝晩の2回に分けて供給する方式によって灌水して養液土耕栽培を行った。B試験群の養液土耕栽培容器には有機栄養素溶液(イワシを煮干に加工する際に副産物として得られる煮汁を好気的に攪拌発酵させて製造した栄養素溶液を養液土耕用栄養素溶液を、精製水により1/1000に希釈したもの)を、養液土耕栽培7日までは1株あたり1日当たり10mLをシリンジによって毎日午前2回午後2回の4回に分けて供給する方式で、栽培8日目以降14日目までは1株あたり1日当たり20mLの養液をシリンジによって毎日朝晩の2回に分けて供給する方式によって灌水して養液土耕栽培を行った。一方、C試験群とD試験群の養液土耕ブロックのトマトには、上記の市販無機栄養素溶液(精製水により1/1000に希釈したもの)に0.010mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加したものを、養液土耕栽培7日までは1株あたり10mLをシリンジによって毎日朝晩の2回供給する方式で、栽培8日目以降14日目までは1株あたり1日当たり20mLをシリンジによって午前2回午後2回の4回に分けて供給する方式によって灌水し養液土耕栽培を行った(C試験群)。また残り1群には、上記の有機栄養素溶液(精製水により1/1000に希釈したもの)に0.010mg/Lの濃度となるように銀イオンを添加したものを、養液土耕栽培7日までは1株あたり10mLをシリンジによって毎日朝晩の2回供給する方式で、栽培8日目以降14日目までは1株あたり20mLをシリンジによって午前2回午後2回の4回に分けて供給する方式によって灌水して養液土耕栽培を行った(D試験群)。これらの養液土耕栽培実験は、1サイクルが14時間2500 lx 白色蛍光灯照射(明条件)・10時間白色蛍光灯非照射(暗条件)に設定しかつ気温22℃及び湿度75%の恒温恒湿に設定した人工気気象機の中で行い、その後14日間の養液土耕栽培における各養液栽培実験群のトマトの生長量を記録した。各試験群の平均全バイオマス量は、A、B、C、Dの4の試験群の試験群の全てのトマトをガラスビーズ培土から取り出し、それらのトマトの根に付着したガラスビーズを水洗によって取り除いた後に、48℃にセットした恒温乾燥機内で5日間乾燥処理した後に測定した各群の12株のトマトの平均乾燥重量として求めた。 In this experiment, tomatoes were sown in the same glass bead soil as above to germinate and root, and 48 seedlings 10 days after germination were divided into 12 test groups A, B, C, and D. It was carried out separately. Each germinated glass bead culture was thinned out so that one tomato seedling grew in almost the same manner, and the styrofoam in which the glass bead culture was embedded was cut into 4 blocks of 4 foam styrols of 12 strains of 3 × 4. Of each hydroponic soil cultivation block, the hydroponic soil cultivation block of the A test group has the same commercially available inorganic nutrient solution as that used in the previous test (a fertilizer solution commercially available containing only inorganic nutrients). Is diluted to 1/1000 with purified water), and up to 7 days of hydroponic cultivation, 10 mL per tomato strain per day is supplied by a syringe twice daily in the morning and twice in the afternoon. From the 8th day to the 14th day of cultivation, 20 mL of nutrient solution per tomato plant per day was irrigated with a syringe every day in two divided doses, morning and evening, and hydroponic soil cultivation was carried out. In the nutrient solution soil cultivation container of the B test group, an organic nutrient solution (a nutrient solution produced by aerobically stirring and fermenting the broth obtained as a by-product when sardines are processed into boiled water is used as a nutrient solution for nutrient solution soil cultivation. Is diluted to 1/1000 with purified water), and up to 7 days of hydroponic cultivation, 10 mL per plant per day is supplied by a syringe in 4 divided doses, 2 times daily in the morning and 2 times in the afternoon. From the 8th day to the 14th day of cultivation, nutrient solution soil cultivation was carried out by irrigating with a method of supplying 20 mL of nutrient solution per strain per day by a syringe in two divided doses, morning and evening. On the other hand, the tomatoes in the hydroponic soil-cultivated blocks of the C test group and the D test group had a concentration of 0.010 mg / L in the above-mentioned commercially available inorganic nutrient solution (diluted to 1/1000 with purified water). A method in which 10 mL per plant is supplied twice daily in the morning and evening by a syringe until the 7th day of nutrient solution soil cultivation, and 20 mL per plant is supplied from the 8th day to the 14th day of cultivation. Was irrigated with a syringe twice in the morning and twice in the afternoon in four divided doses, and hydroponic cultivation was carried out (C test group). In the remaining 1 group, the above organic nutrient solution (diluted to 1/1000 with purified water) to which silver ions were added so as to have a concentration of 0.010 mg / L was cultivated in hydroponic soil 7 Until the day, 10 mL per strain is supplied by syringe twice daily in the morning and evening, and from the 8th day to the 14th day of cultivation, 20 mL per strain is supplied by syringe twice in the morning and twice in the afternoon. Water was irrigated and cultivated in hydroponic soil according to the method used (D test group). In these hydroponic soil cultivation experiments, one cycle was set to 2500 lp x white fluorescent lamp irradiation (light condition) for 14 hours and white fluorescent lamp non-irradiation (dark condition) for 10 hours, and the temperature was 22 ° C and the humidity was 75%. It was carried out in an artificial air meteorological machine set to constant humidity, and then the growth amount of tomatoes in each hydroponic cultivation experimental group in the hydroponic soil cultivation for 14 days was recorded. For the average total biomass amount of each test group, all tomatoes of the test groups of A, B, C, and D were taken out from the glass bead hilling, and the glass beads adhering to the roots of those tomatoes were removed by washing with water. After that, it was determined as the average dry weight of 12 tomatoes of each group measured after drying in a constant temperature dryer set at 48 ° C. for 5 days.

養液土耕栽培開始14日後におけるA~Dの4の試験群の試験群の各12株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)は、上記市販無機栄養素溶液だけを添加した養液土耕液を用いて栽培したトマト12株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)(A試験群)と比較して、上記市販栄養素溶液の替わりに上記有機栄養素溶液を添加した養液土耕液を用いて栽培した場合のトマト12株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)(B試験群)は1.21倍であった。また、上記市販栄養素溶液に濃度が0.010mg/Lとなるように銀イオンを添加して栽培したC試験群のトマト12株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)は、A試験群のそれの1.49倍となった。一方、上記有機栄養素溶液に濃度が0.010mg/Lとなるように銀イオンを添加して栽培したD試験群のトマト12株の平均全バイオマス重量(乾燥重量)は、第A試験群のそれの1.86倍となった。 The average total biomass weight (dry weight) of each of the 12 strains in the test groups 4 of A to D 14 days after the start of hydroponic soil cultivation was the hydroponic soil cultivation solution to which only the above-mentioned commercially available inorganic nutrient solution was added. Compared with the average total biomass weight (dry weight) (test group A) of the 12 tomatoes cultivated using the tomatoes, the tomatoes were cultivated using a hydroponic soil cultivated solution to which the organic nutrient solution was added instead of the commercially available nutrient solution. The average total biomass weight (dry weight) (test group B) of the 12 tomato strains in the case was 1.21 times. The average total biomass weight (dry weight) of 12 tomatoes in the C test group cultivated by adding silver ions to the above-mentioned commercially available nutrient solution so as to have a concentration of 0.010 mg / L is that of the A test group. It increased 1.49 times. On the other hand, the average total biomass weight (dry weight) of 12 tomatoes in the D test group cultivated by adding silver ions to the organic nutrient solution so as to have a concentration of 0.010 mg / L is that of the A test group. It was 1.86 times that of.

上記の結果より、養液土耕栽培養液への銀イオンの添加は、無機栄養素溶液に銀イオンを添加した場合よりも、有機栄養素溶液に銀イオンを添加した場合に、より植物の生育を活性化させることができることが知られた。これとほぼ同じ実験結果は、有機栄養素溶液は大豆煮汁(味噌製造副産物)、カツオ煮汁(鰹節製造副産物)およびサバ煮汁(鯖節製造副産物)を好気的に攪拌発酵して得られた有機栄養素溶液を希釈し養液土耕栽培用栄養素溶液として用いた際にも得られた。したがって、この土耕用養液への銀イオンの添加は、栄養素溶液に有機物を含む原料を発酵させて製造した有機土耕用養液を用いた際に、特に植物生育に相乗的な効果をもたらすことが分かった。 From the above results, the addition of silver ions to the nutrient solution soil cultivation nutrient solution causes more plant growth when the silver ions are added to the organic nutrient solution than when the silver ions are added to the inorganic nutrient solution. It was known that it could be activated. Similar experimental results show that the organic nutrient solution is an organic nutrient obtained by aerobically stirring and fermenting soybean broth (miso production by-product), bonito broth (bonito production by-product) and mackerel broth (saba-bushi production by-product). It was also obtained when the solution was diluted and used as a nutrient solution for nutrient solution soil cultivation. Therefore, the addition of silver ions to this soil cultivation nutrient solution has a synergistic effect on plant growth, especially when the organic soil cultivation nutrient solution produced by fermenting a raw material containing organic matter in a nutrient solution is used. Turned out to bring.

特開昭63-060904JP-A-63-060904 特開昭63-060905JP-A-63-060905 特開2001-010913JP 2001-010913 特開2006-141252JP 2006-141252

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、植物の養液土耕栽培において通常の土耕用養液とは別に、植物の生育活性を増大する活性化液を供給することにより、収穫量の増大を図ることである。また、植物病発生の防止のためにこれまで必要であった消毒剤等の使用量の削減を可能にすること、あるいは消毒剤の無使用化を可能にすることである。また、消毒剤や殺虫剤の継続使用によって引き起こされる消毒殺虫剤耐性植物病原微生物の新たな出現を阻止できるようにすることも解決課題とする。さらには、植物の養液土耕栽培における殺虫剤の使用量を削減するか無使用化にすることによって、養液土耕栽培農業をより環境配慮型の産業に転換する装置を開発することを課題とする。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is to increase the yield by supplying an activating liquid that increases the growth activity of the plant in addition to the normal soil cultivation nutrient solution in the nutrient solution soil cultivation of the plant. It is to plan. In addition, it is possible to reduce the amount of disinfectant used, which has been necessary so far to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases, or to eliminate the use of disinfectant. Another problem is to be able to prevent the emergence of new disinfectant and insecticide-resistant phytopathogenic microorganisms caused by continued use of disinfectants and pesticides. Furthermore, by reducing or eliminating the use of pesticides in hydroponic cultivation of plants, it is possible to develop equipment that transforms hydroponic cultivation agriculture into a more environmentally friendly industry. Make it an issue.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明では植物の養液土耕栽培における収穫量の増大を過剰な栄養素の供給や消毒剤や殺虫剤等の防除薬剤の使用に頼るのではなく、植物が本来保有している生長能力と病原微生物と昆虫等による食害に対する抵抗力や免疫力を増強することを基本的手段としている。この手段の採用により、養液土耕栽培における生産量増大の課題を達成するとともに、植物の養液土耕栽培における消毒剤と殺虫剤の使用量の削減又は不要化の課題を解決する。また、この手段を実現するためには、植物が持つ栄養摂取能と生長能を最大限に引き出すことが重要と考えられる。本発明の養液土耕栽培に使用する土耕用養液に銀イオンを追加して添加することによってもたらされる植物の栄養摂取能力と生長能の増強は、養液土耕栽培における植物の健全な生育を促進させ、その結果として収穫量の増大をもたらすだけではなく、植物病原微生物への免疫力及び抵抗力と昆虫等による食害への抵抗力も付与することができる。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, the plant does not rely on the supply of excess nutrients or the use of control agents such as disinfectants and pesticides to increase the yield in hydroponic cultivation of plants. The basic means are to enhance the originally possessed growth ability and resistance and immunity to feeding damage caused by pathogenic microorganisms and insects. By adopting this means, the problem of increasing the production amount in the hydroponic cultivation is achieved, and the problem of reducing or eliminating the use of disinfectants and pesticides in the hydroponic cultivation of plants is solved. In addition, in order to realize this means, it is important to maximize the nutritional intake and growth ability of plants. The enhancement of the nutrient intake capacity and the growth ability of the plant brought about by adding silver ions to the soil cultivation nutrient solution used for the hydroponic soil cultivation of the present invention is the soundness of the plant in the hydroponic soil cultivation. Not only can it promote vegetative growth, resulting in an increase in yield, but it can also impart immunity and resistance to phytopathogenic microorganisms and resistance to feeding damage by insects and the like.

しかし、養液土耕栽培液に0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下の低濃度の銀イオンを添加することでは、この0.025mg/L以下の銀イオンは4ヶ月間以上安定に一定濃度で保存することは困難であった。そこで本発明では、安定した濃度として長期間銀イオン水を保存可能にするために、銀イオン保存原液を銀イオン濃度が5mg/L以上の高濃度の水溶液として作製し、これを養液土耕栽培における植物生育活性化液として使用する際に、栄養素溶液に混合することによって希釈し、0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下の低濃度銀イオン水として土耕用養液に添加する装置を付加することによりこの課題を解決することを考えた。 However, by adding low-concentration silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less to the nutrient solution soil cultivation solution, the silver ions of 0.025 mg / L or less become stable for 4 months or more. It was difficult to store at a constant concentration. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to make silver ion water storable for a long period of time as a stable concentration, a silver ion preservation stock solution is prepared as a high-concentration aqueous solution having a silver ion concentration of 5 mg / L or more, and this is used for hydroponic soil cultivation. When used as a plant growth activating solution in cultivation, it is diluted by mixing with a nutrient solution and added to the soil cultivation nutrient solution as low-concentration silver ion water of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less. We thought about solving this problem by adding a device.

本発明では、栄養素溶液に銀イオンを追加して添加できるようにした養液土耕栽培装置を採用することによる効果は、無機栄養素のみで構成された栄養素溶液を供給する養液土耕栽培装置よりも、発酵させた有機栄養素溶液に銀イオンを添加できるようにした養液土耕栽培装置を採用した場合により高いことが知られた。このことから、本発明では、無機栄養素溶液に替えて有機物を含む原料を発酵させて製造した栄養素溶液を土耕用養液として供給することも、0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下の低濃度銀イオン水を土耕用養液に添加する装置を新たに付加することが重要な課題解決方法になると考えた。 In the present invention, the effect of adopting the nutrient solution soil cultivation device capable of adding silver ions to the nutrient solution is that the nutrient solution soil cultivation device that supplies the nutrient solution composed only of inorganic nutrients is effective. It was known that it was higher when a hydroponic soil cultivation device capable of adding silver ions to the fermented organic nutrient solution was adopted. Therefore, in the present invention, it is also possible to supply a nutrient solution produced by fermenting a raw material containing an organic substance instead of an inorganic nutrient solution as a nutrient solution for soil cultivation as a nutrient solution for soil cultivation, which is 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less. We thought that adding a new device to add low-concentration silver ionized water to the nutrient solution for soil cultivation would be an important solution to the problem.

0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下の低濃度の銀イオンによる植物ルート部及びシュート部の伸長促進に加えて、0.001mg/L以上1.0mg/L以下の使用濃度で亜鉛イオンを添加した植物生育活性化液を使用することにより、植物の内部共生微生物の増殖活性を高めることが可能となる。これは、0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下の低濃度の銀イオンは土壌微生物や養液微生物や植物内部共生微生物の増殖活性にほぼ影響を与えないことに起因する。その銀イオンの存在とは独立して、0.001mg/L以上1.0mg/L以下の亜鉛イオンによる微生物の増殖活性特に植物内部共生微生物の増殖活性増進の効果を十分に発揮できる。この内部共生微生物の増殖が旺盛化することにより、養液土耕栽培植物の生育をさらに増進できるという利点がある。 In addition to promoting the elongation of plant roots and shoots with low concentrations of silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less, zinc ions at a usage concentration of 0.001 mg / L or more and 1.0 mg / L or less. By using the plant growth activating solution containing the above, it is possible to enhance the growth activity of the internal symbiotic microorganisms of the plant. This is because low-concentration silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less have almost no effect on the growth activity of soil microorganisms, hydroponic microorganisms and plant internal symbiotic microorganisms. Independent of the presence of the silver ion, the zinc ion of 0.001 mg / L or more and 1.0 mg / L or less can sufficiently exert the effect of enhancing the growth activity of microorganisms, particularly the growth activity of symbiotic microorganisms inside plants. There is an advantage that the growth of hydroponic soil-cultivated plants can be further promoted by vigorous growth of the internal symbiotic microorganisms.

同様に、0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下の低濃度の銀イオンを含む養液土耕栽培液に0.001mg/L以上2.0mg/L以下の濃度でマグネシウムイオンを添加することも、亜鉛イオンの添加と同様に植物内部共生微生物の増殖活性の増進に有意な効果をもたらす。亜鉛イオンを添加した場合との相違点は、0.001mg/L以上2.0mg/L以下の濃度でマグネシウムイオンは、銀イオンとの相乗効果により植物幼苗根の伸長をさらに促進することである。この特長によって、マグネシウムイオンは銀イオンとの併用で直接的にも植物生育の増強効果を発揮することができる。 Similarly, magnesium ions are added to a nutrient solution soil cultivation solution containing a low concentration of silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less at a concentration of 0.001 mg / L or more and 2.0 mg / L or less. This also has a significant effect on the promotion of the growth activity of the plant-internal symbiotic microorganisms as well as the addition of zinc ions. The difference from the case where zinc ion is added is that magnesium ion at a concentration of 0.001 mg / L or more and 2.0 mg / L or less further promotes the growth of plant seedling roots by a synergistic effect with silver ion. .. Due to this feature, magnesium ion can directly exert the effect of enhancing plant growth when used in combination with silver ion.

このような植物内共生微生物の増殖の活性化は、亜鉛イオン及びマグネシウムイオンに限らず、第一鉄イオン、第二鉄イオン、コバルトイオン、ニッケルイオン、銅イオン、カリウムイオン、硝酸イオン、リン酸イオン、タングステン酸イオン、モリブデン酸イオンを、それぞれ使用濃度として0.001 mmol/L以上2 mmol/L以下の濃度で添加したトマト発芽発根試験の場合にも確認された。したがって、少なくとも上記10種のイオンの試験に供した範囲の濃度での添加は、0.025 mg/L以下の低濃度銀イオンによる植物生長促進とは別に、植物内部共生微生物の増殖活性を高め結果的に植物の成長を促進するための追加的手段として有効であると考えられた。 The activation of the growth of symbiotic microorganisms in plants is not limited to zinc ion and magnesium ion, but ferrous ion, ferrous ion, cobalt ion, nickel ion, copper ion, potassium ion, nitrate ion and phosphoric acid. It was also confirmed in the case of the tomato germination and rooting test in which ions, tungstate ions, and molybdenate ions were added at concentrations of 0.001 mmol / L or more and 2 mmol / L or less, respectively. Therefore, addition at a concentration within the range of at least the above 10 kinds of ions for the test enhances the growth activity of the symbiotic microorganisms inside the plant, apart from the promotion of plant growth by the low concentration silver ion of 0.025 mg / L or less. As a result, it was considered to be effective as an additional means for promoting the growth of plants.

植物が本来持っている栄養摂取能力と生長能力を最大限に引き出すことは、植物の健全な生長と収穫物の生産にとって重要である。特に、養液土耕栽培においては幼苗期における植物ルート部(根)の旺盛で健全な生育を促すことが必要である。養液土耕栽培のための栄養素溶液に0.025mg/L以下の低濃度銀イオンを添加することにより、植物根の伸長を促進させて栽培植物が養液土耕液から栄養をより多く吸収できるようにし、結果的に栽培植物全体の生長を旺盛にする。また、このような低濃度の銀イオンは植物内共生微生物(エンドファイト)を抑制あるいは排除することがないため、植物・微生物の好ましい共生関係を崩壊させることがないと考えられる。 Maximizing the plant's natural nutrient intake and growth capacity is important for the healthy growth of the plant and the production of the crop. In particular, in hydroponic soil cultivation, it is necessary to promote vigorous and healthy growth of the plant root (root) at the seedling stage. By adding low-concentration silver ions of 0.025 mg / L or less to the nutrient solution for nutrient solution soil cultivation, the growth of plant roots is promoted and the cultivated plant absorbs more nutrients from the nutrient solution soil cultivation solution. As a result, the growth of the whole cultivated plant is vigorous. In addition, since such low-concentration silver ions do not suppress or eliminate endophyte in plants, it is considered that they do not disrupt the favorable symbiotic relationship between plants and microorganisms.

以上に記載したように、0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下の低濃度の銀イオンを本発明の装置によって生育期の植物に与えることで、植物の健全な生長を可能にできる。これより、植物が本来持っている病原微生物に対する免疫能力や昆虫等による食害に対する抵抗能力を引き出し、従来栽培植物の病害や食害を防止するためにどうしても必要であった消毒剤や殺虫剤等の農薬を使用することなく、あるいはそのような農薬の使用量を最小限にすることによって、植物栽培をより安全で安心なものに転換し、さらには環境配慮型に転換できる利点がある。その効果として、農業・林業・園芸・緑地造成といった植物栽培によって成立している産業の持続的な発展を可能にする。 As described above, by supplying a low concentration silver ion of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less to a growing plant by the apparatus of the present invention, healthy growth of the plant can be enabled. From this, pesticides such as disinfectants and pesticides, which were absolutely necessary to bring out the immune ability of plants to the pathogenic microorganisms and the ability to resist feeding damage by insects, and to prevent diseases and feeding damage of conventionally cultivated plants. There is an advantage that plant cultivation can be converted to a safer and more secure one, and even to an environment-friendly type, without using or by minimizing the amount of such pesticides used. As an effect, it enables the sustainable development of industries established by plant cultivation such as agriculture, forestry, horticulture, and green space development.

さらに、0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下の低濃度銀イオンを添加するようにした養液土耕栽培装置を用いて、無機栄養素溶液に代わって有機物を含む原料を発酵させて製造した有機栄養素溶液を土耕用養液として採用することにより、養液土耕栽培による植物生産量を相乗的に増大することができることが明らかになった。このことは、養液土耕栽培の有機栽培化を確立する上で重要な効果をもたらし、今後の養液土耕栽培農業の有機農業化に貢献できると考えられる。 Further, it is produced by fermenting a raw material containing organic matter in place of an inorganic nutrient solution using a nutrient solution soil cultivation device in which low-concentration silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less are added. It was clarified that the plant production amount by hydroponic soil cultivation can be synergistically increased by adopting the organic nutrient solution obtained as a nutrient solution for soil cultivation. This has an important effect in establishing the organic cultivation of hydroponic soil cultivation, and is considered to contribute to the organic farming of hydroponic soil cultivation agriculture in the future.

また、養液土耕に用いる植物栽培用培地としては、ローム土壌系、砂質土壌系等の土壌及び天然岩石系培地材料に加えて、ロックウール系材料、ポリエステル等を含む合成繊維系・プラスチック系材料、木質系材料(燻炭系を含む)、人工焼結系材料等の天然材料以外のものを用いた場合においても、上記の濃度で土耕用養液に銀イオンを添加する本発明の効果を失うことはない。 In addition, as a plant cultivation medium used for hydroponic soil cultivation, in addition to soil such as loam soil type and sandy soil type and natural rock type medium material, rock wool type material, synthetic fiber type and plastic containing polyester and the like are used. The present invention of adding silver ions to a nutrient solution for soil cultivation at the above concentration even when materials other than natural materials such as wood-based materials, wood-based materials (including smoked charcoal-based materials), and artificial sintered materials are used. Does not lose its effect.

供試細菌(Pseudomonas putida, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis)の各銀イオン濃度液に30分暴露した後の生残率Survival rate after 30 minutes exposure to each silver ion concentration solution of the test bacteria (Pseudomonas putida, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis) 銀イオン水溶液保存原液調製直後の銀イオン濃度と、その原液を90日間常温でポリエチレン瓶に密封保存した後の原液に残存する銀イオンの残存率との関係Relationship between the silver ion concentration immediately after preparation of the silver ion aqueous solution storage stock solution and the residual ratio of silver ions remaining in the stock solution after the stock solution is sealed and stored in a polyethylene bottle at room temperature for 90 days. 発芽後7日齢のトマト苗をその後14日間養液土耕栽培した際のトマト生長への銀イオン添加の効果Effect of silver ion addition on tomato growth when tomato seedlings 7 days old after germination were cultivated in hydroponic soil for 14 days thereafter 発芽後10日齢トマト苗のその後14日間の養液土耕栽培による生長に対する銀イオン添加の影響Effect of silver ion addition on the growth of 10-day-old tomato seedlings after germination by hydroponic cultivation for 14 days thereafter 無機栄養素溶液と有機物を含む液を好気発酵することにより得られた有機栄養素溶液を用いた際の養液土耕栽培におけるトマトの生長への銀イオン添加の効果Effect of silver ion addition on tomato growth in hydroponic soil cultivation when using organic nutrient solution obtained by aerobic fermentation of inorganic nutrient solution and liquid containing organic matter 植物生育活性化成分として銀イオン水溶液を添加する設備を付加した本発明の養液土耕装置The hydroponic soil cultivation apparatus of the present invention to which a facility for adding a silver ion aqueous solution as a plant growth activating component is added.

以下、本発明を実施するための形態を、実施例1~4によって例示する。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be exemplified by Examples 1 to 4.

<実施例1>
トマト栽培における実施例:4月下旬にウレタンフォーム培地にトマト(中玉種)を播種し、発芽・発根させ根の長さが10cm以上となった5月中旬に、培地ごと養液土耕用育成ポットに入れて砂質土壌からなる養液土耕栽培畝に移植し、室温が17~23℃に制御された温室内に設置されたドリップチューブを用いた点滴灌水方式の養液土耕装置(養液土耕畝長25m、畝幅50cm)により養液土耕栽培を行った。この際、無機栄養素養液だけを供給する従来の養液土耕装置による養液土耕畝を対照区として設け、実証区には植物生育活性化成分として10mg/Lの銀イオンの水溶液を土耕用養液に添加する設備を付加した本発明の養液土耕装置を用いた。この実証区における銀イオン水溶液の添加流量は、土耕用養液流量の1/1000となるように設定した。
その後、6月初旬から5週間に亘って生長したトマト果実の収穫を1週間に3回行なったが、銀イオン水を植物生育活性化成分として添加する本発明の装置を採用した実証区における累積収穫量(湿重量)は、本発明の装置を採用しなかった従来方式の養液土耕装置を用いた対照区における累積収穫量(湿重量)の2.14倍に増大した。また、同一温室内に設置した養液土耕畝であったにも拘らず、本発明の装置を採用しなかった従来方式の養液土耕装置によって栽培した対照区のトマトは一部にウイルス感染による黄化葉巻病が観察されたが、本発明の養液土耕装置を用いた実証区のトマトは、黄化葉巻病が全く観察されなかった。
<Example 1>
Example of tomato cultivation: In mid-May, when tomatoes (middle ball seeds) were sown in urethane foam medium in late April and germinated and rooted to a root length of 10 cm or more, hydroponic soil cultivation with the medium was carried out. Hydroponic soil cultivation using a drip tube installed in a greenhouse where the room temperature is controlled to 17 to 23 ° C. Hydroponic soil cultivation was carried out using an apparatus (hydroponic soil ridge length 25 m, ridge width 50 cm). At this time, a nutrient solution soil cultivation ridge using a conventional nutrient solution soil cultivation device that supplies only an inorganic nutrient nutrient solution is provided as a control area, and a 10 mg / L silver ion aqueous solution as a plant growth activating component is soiled in the demonstration area. The hydroponic soil cultivation apparatus of the present invention to which equipment to be added to the cultivating nutrient solution was added was used. The flow rate of adding the silver ion aqueous solution in this demonstration group was set to be 1/1000 of the flow rate of the nutrient solution for soil cultivation.
After that, the tomato fruits grown for 5 weeks from the beginning of June were harvested 3 times a week, and the cumulative total in the demonstration plot using the apparatus of the present invention to add silver ionized water as a plant growth activating component. The yield (wet weight) increased to 2.14 times the cumulative yield (wet weight) in the control plot using the conventional hydroponic soil cultivation apparatus which did not adopt the apparatus of the present invention. In addition, tomatoes in the control plot cultivated by the conventional hydroponic soil cultivation device that did not adopt the device of the present invention, despite the fact that the hydroponic soil ridges were installed in the same greenhouse, were partially infected with virus. Yellow leaf curl disease due to infection was observed, but no yellow leaf curl disease was observed in the tomatoes in the demonstration plot using the hydroponic soil cultivation device of the present invention.

<実施例2>
イチゴ栽培における実施例:3月下旬にその前月まで養液土耕により栽培したイチゴ(品種「宝交早稲」)の根を約20cmの長さに切り詰め、新たに用意した点滴灌水方式の養液土耕畝に移し、室温が17~22℃に制御された温室内に設置された循環式養液土耕装置(養液土耕畝長10m、畝幅75cm)を用いて養液土耕栽培を行った。この際、無機栄養素溶液だけを供給する従来の養液土耕装置による養液土耕畝を対照区として設けた。一方、実証区には植物生育活性化成分として10mg/Lの銀イオンの水溶液を土耕用養液に添加する設備を付加した本発明の養液土耕装置を用いた。この実証区における銀イオン水溶液の添加流量は、土耕用養液流量の1/1000となるように設定した。
新たに用意した点滴灌水式養液土耕畝に移した後60日目から95日目まで、両実験区において結実し適期となったイチゴ果実を1週間に3回収穫し、その重量(湿重量)を測定した。その結果、この収穫期における銀イオン水を植物生育活性化成分として添加する本発明の装置を採用した実証区における累積イチゴ収穫量(湿重量)は、本発明の装置を採用しなかった従来方式の養液土耕装置を用いた対照区における収穫量(湿重量)の1.83倍と多かった。また、銀イオン水を添加しない従来方式の養液土耕装置を用いた対照区畝のイチゴ果実のうち1個のサイズが13g以上のものが占める比率は重量比で53.1%であったが、上記銀イオン水を添加する本発明の養液土耕装置を用いた実証区畝から収穫したイチゴ果実のサイズは、13g以上のものが占める比率は81.2%と高かった。
<Example 2>
Example of strawberry cultivation: In late March, the roots of strawberries (variety "Hokko Waseda") cultivated by hydroponic soil cultivation until the previous month were cut to a length of about 20 cm, and a newly prepared drip irrigation type nutrient solution was prepared. Hydroponic soil cultivation using a circulating nutrient solution soil cultivation device (hydroponic soil cultivation ridge length 10 m, ridge width 75 cm) installed in a greenhouse where the room temperature is controlled to 17 to 22 ° C after transferring to soil cultivation ridges. Was done. At this time, a hydroponic soil ridge using a conventional hydroponic soil cultivation device that supplies only an inorganic nutrient solution was provided as a control plot. On the other hand, the hydroponic soil cultivation apparatus of the present invention was used in the demonstration group, which was equipped with a facility for adding a 10 mg / L silver ion aqueous solution to the soil cultivation nutrient solution as a plant growth activating component. The flow rate of adding the silver ion aqueous solution in this demonstration group was set to be 1/1000 of the flow rate of the nutrient solution for soil cultivation.
From the 60th day to the 95th day after transferring to the newly prepared drip irrigation type nutrient solution soil cultivation ridge, the strawberry fruits that had set fruit and reached the appropriate time were harvested three times a week and their weight (wetness). Weight) was measured. As a result, the cumulative strawberry yield (wet weight) in the demonstration plot where the apparatus of the present invention for adding silver ionized water as a plant growth activating component in this harvesting period was adopted was the conventional method in which the apparatus of the present invention was not adopted. The yield (wet weight) in the control plot using the hydroponic soil cultivation device was 1.83 times higher. In addition, among the strawberry fruits in the ridges of the control plot using the conventional hydroponic soil cultivation device to which silver ion water was not added, the ratio of one strawberry fruit having a size of 13 g or more was 53.1% by weight. However, the size of the strawberry fruits harvested from the ridges of the demonstration area using the hydroponic soil cultivation device of the present invention to which the silver ionized water was added was as high as 81.2% for those having a size of 13 g or more.

<実施例3>
メロン栽培における実施例:3月初旬にウレタンフォーム培地にメロン(アールスナイト夏系)の種子を播種し発芽・発根させて育苗を行い、4月中旬にウレタンフォーム培地ごと養液土耕用育成ポットに入れて砂壌土からなる養液土耕畝に移植し、室温が18~25℃に制御された温室内に設置されたドリップチューブを用いる点滴式養液土耕装置(養液土耕畝長20m、畝幅80cm)により養液土耕栽培を行った。この際、無機栄養素養液だけを点滴する従来の養液土耕装置による養液土耕畝を対照区として設け、実証区には無機栄養素溶液に植物生育活性化成分として10mg/Lの銀イオンの水溶液を土耕用養液に添加する設備を付加した本発明の養液土耕装置を用いた。この実証区における銀イオン水溶液の添加流量は、土耕用養液流量の1/1000となるように設定した。
その後、5月上旬受粉、各株の約12節に着果させるための摘果、玉吊り等を行い、養液土耕装置に移行してした90日後に栽培したメロン果実の収穫を行なった。銀イオン水を植物生育活性化成分として添加する本発明の装置を採用した実証区において収穫したメロン果実の平均重量(湿重量)は1.69kgとなり、本発明の装置を採用しなかった従来方式の養液土耕装置を用いた対照区における収穫量(湿重量)の1.41倍であった。
上記のメロン栽培の実施例と並行して、播種から発芽・発根及び苗の砂壌土からなる点滴式養液土耕畝への移植までを前記の通りとし、室温が18~25℃に制御された温室内に設置されたドリップチューブを用いる点滴式養液土耕装置(養液土耕畝長20m、畝幅80cm)を用いる点も同じであるが、無機栄養素溶液の代わりに、イワシを煮干に加工する際に副産物として得られる煮汁を30日間好気的に攪拌発酵させて製造した栄養素溶液を地下水により1/1000に希釈した有機栄養素溶液を供給して追加のメロン養液土耕栽培試験を行った。前述の無機栄養素溶液を供給する従来の養液土耕装置による養液土耕畝を対照区とし、実証区として上記有機栄養素溶液のみを供給して従来方式でメロンを養液土耕栽培したもの、及び上記有機栄養素溶液に植物生育活性化成分として10mg/Lの銀イオンの水溶液を添加する設備を付加した本発明の養液土耕装置を用いた養液土耕栽培の3つのメロン栽培結果を比較した。また、この実証区における銀イオン水溶液の添加流量は、有機栄養素溶液流量の1/1000となるように設定した。
その後、有機栄養素溶液を用いた場合も、同様に5月上旬受粉、各株の約12節に着果させるための摘果、玉吊り等を行い、養液土耕装置に移行してした90日後に栽培したメロン果実の収穫を行なった。その結果は、無機栄養素溶液を供給した対照区に比較して、無機栄養素溶液に代えて有機栄養素養液土耕溶液を供給した試験区から収穫したメロン果実の平均重量(湿重量)は1.51kgとなり、無機栄養素溶液を供給した対照区で収穫したメロンの平均重量(湿重量)の1.26倍であった。一方、有機栄養素溶液に銀イオン水を植物生育活性化成分として添加する本発明の装置を採用した実証区において収穫したメロン果実の平均重量(湿重量)は1.82kgとなり、無機栄養素溶液を供給した対照区で収穫したメロンの平均重量(湿重量)の1.52倍と、有機栄養素溶液のみの場合よりもさらに大型のメロンとなった。また、これらの3つの養液土耕法により収穫したメロン果汁中の果糖濃度は、それぞれ13.5mg/mL(無機栄養素溶液を供給した対照区)、14.8mg/mL(有機栄養素溶液を供給した試験区)、15.6mg/mL(有機栄養素溶液と銀イオンを供給した試験区)であった。このことから、養液土耕栽培において有機栄養素溶液に添加して0.010mg/L
程度の銀イオンを供給することは果実の糖度を増大させる上でも効果的であることがわかった。
<Example 3>
Example of melon cultivation: In early March, seeds of melon (Rusnite summer) are sown in a urethane foam medium to germinate and root to raise seedlings, and in mid-April, the whole urethane foam medium is cultivated for hydroponic soil cultivation. A drip-type hydroponic soil cultivating device (hydroponic soil ridge) using a drip tube installed in a greenhouse where the room temperature is controlled to 18 to 25 ° C by putting it in a pot and transplanting it into a hydroponic soil ridge made of sand loam soil. Hydroponic soil cultivation was carried out with a length of 20 m and a ridge width of 80 cm. At this time, a nutrient solution soil cultivation ridge using a conventional nutrient solution soil cultivation device that instills only the inorganic nutrient nutrient solution was provided as a control area, and in the demonstration area, 10 mg / L of silver ions as a plant growth activating component in the inorganic nutrient solution was provided. The nutrient solution soil cultivation apparatus of the present invention was used in which the equipment for adding the aqueous solution of the above to the nutrient solution for soil cultivation was added. The flow rate of adding the silver ion aqueous solution in this demonstration group was set to be 1/1000 of the flow rate of the nutrient solution for soil cultivation.
After that, pollination was carried out in early May, fruit thinning for fruit set on about 12 sections of each strain, ball hanging, etc., and melon fruits cultivated 90 days after the transfer to the hydroponic soil cultivation device were harvested. The average weight (wet weight) of the melon fruit harvested in the demonstration plot using the device of the present invention to add silver ionized water as a plant growth activating component was 1.69 kg, which is the conventional method in which the device of the present invention was not adopted. It was 1.41 times the yield (wet weight) in the control plot using the hydroponic soil cultivation device.
In parallel with the above-mentioned example of melon cultivation, the process from sowing to germination / rooting and transplantation of seedlings to a drip-type nutrient solution soil ridge consisting of sandy loam soil is as described above, and the room temperature is controlled to 18 to 25 ° C. The same is true of using a drip-type hydroponic soil cultivation device (hydroponic soil cultivation ridge length 20 m, ridge width 80 cm) using a drip tube installed in the greenhouse, but instead of an inorganic nutrient solution, sardines are used. Additional melon nutrient solution soil cultivation by supplying an organic nutrient solution obtained by aerobically stirring and fermenting the broth obtained as a by-product when processing into hilling for 30 days with ground water diluted to 1/1000. A test was performed. The control plot was the hydroponic soil ridges produced by the conventional hydroponic soil cultivation device that supplies the above-mentioned inorganic nutrient solution, and the melon was cultivated in the hydroponic soil by the conventional method by supplying only the organic nutrient solution as the demonstration plot. , And three melon cultivation results of hydroponic soil cultivation using the hydroponic soil cultivation apparatus of the present invention in which a facility for adding a 10 mg / L silver ion aqueous solution as a plant growth activating component to the above organic nutrient solution was added. Was compared. In addition, the flow rate of adding the silver ion aqueous solution in this demonstration group was set to be 1/1000 of the flow rate of the organic nutrient solution.
After that, even when using an organic nutrient solution, pollination in early May, fruit thinning to set fruit on about 12 sections of each strain, ball hanging, etc. were performed, and the plant was transferred to a hydroponic soil cultivation device for 90 days. The melon fruits cultivated later were harvested. As a result, the average weight (wet weight) of the melon fruit harvested from the test plot to which the organic nutrient nutrient solution soil cultivation solution was supplied instead of the inorganic nutrient solution was 1. It was 51 kg, which was 1.26 times the average weight (wet weight) of the melon harvested in the control group supplied with the inorganic nutrient solution. On the other hand, the average weight (wet weight) of the melon fruit harvested in the demonstration plot using the device of the present invention for adding silver ionized water as a plant growth activating component to the organic nutrient solution is 1.82 kg, and the inorganic nutrient solution is supplied. The average weight (wet weight) of the melons harvested in the control plot was 1.52 times, which was even larger than that of the organic nutrient solution alone. In addition, the fructose concentration in the melon fruit juice harvested by these three hydroponic soil cultivation methods was 13.5 mg / mL (control group supplied with the inorganic nutrient solution) and 14.8 mg / mL (supplied with the organic nutrient solution), respectively. The test group was 15.6 mg / mL (test group to which the organic nutrient solution and silver ions were supplied). Therefore, in hydroponic soil cultivation, it is added to the organic nutrient solution at 0.010 mg / L.
It was found that supplying a certain amount of silver ions is also effective in increasing the sugar content of the fruit.

<実施例4>
トルコギキョウ栽培における実施例:ウレタンフォーム培地にトルコギキョウの種子を播種し、播種から5週間閉鎖型育苗器によりトルコギキョウのプラグ苗を育成した。これを培地ごと養液土耕用育成ポットに入れてポリエステル合成繊維からなるドリップチューブを用いた養液土耕培地畝に移植し、室温が17~22℃に制御された温室内に設置された点滴灌水方式の養液土耕装置(養液土耕畝長20m、畝幅80cm)により養液土耕栽培を行った。この際、無機栄養素溶液だけを供給する従来の養液土耕装置による土耕畝を対照区として設け、実証区としては無機栄養素溶液に植物生育活性化成分として15mg/Lの銀イオン水溶液を添加する設備を付加した本発明の養液土耕装置を用いた。この実証区における銀イオン水溶液の添加流量は、土耕用養液流量の1/1000となるように設定した。
これら溶液土耕栽培によって切り花としてトルコギキョウを収穫できるようになるまでの栽培期間は、無機栄養素溶液だけを供給した対照区では3.0ヶ月~3.5ヶ月であったが、銀イオン水溶液を添加する設備を付加した本発明の養液土耕装置を用いた実証区では2.0ヶ月~2.5ヶ月となり、収穫までの期間が約1ヶ月短くなった。また、切り花として収穫したトルコギキョウの1株当たりの平均花弁数は従来式養液土耕装置の対照区が4.5であったのに対して、銀イオン水溶液を添加する本発明の養液土耕装置を用いた実証区では1株当たりの平均花弁数が5.7に増加した。
<Example 4>
Example in cultivation of Turkish ginkgo: The seeds of Turkish ginkgo were sown in urethane foam medium, and plug seedlings of Turkish ginkgo were cultivated by a closed type seedling raising device for 5 weeks after sowing. This was placed in a nutrient solution soil cultivation growth pot together with the medium and transplanted to a nutrient solution soil cultivation medium ridge using a drip tube made of polyester synthetic fiber, and installed in a greenhouse where the room temperature was controlled to 17 to 22 ° C. Hydroponic soil cultivation was carried out using a drip irrigation type hydroponic soil cultivation device (hydroponic soil cultivation ridge length 20 m, ridge width 80 cm). At this time, a soil cultivation ridge using a conventional nutrient solution soil cultivation device that supplies only an inorganic nutrient solution was provided as a control group, and as a demonstration group, a 15 mg / L silver ion aqueous solution was added to the inorganic nutrient solution as a plant growth activating component. The hydroponic soil cultivation device of the present invention to which the equipment to be used was added was used. The flow rate of adding the silver ion aqueous solution in this demonstration group was set to be 1/1000 of the flow rate of the nutrient solution for soil cultivation.
The cultivation period until it became possible to harvest Turkish ginkgo as cut flowers by these solution soil cultivation was 3.0 to 3.5 months in the control plot where only the inorganic nutrient solution was supplied, but a silver ion aqueous solution was added. In the demonstration plot using the hydroponic soil cultivation device of the present invention equipped with the equipment to be used, the period was 2.0 to 2.5 months, and the time to harvest was shortened by about 1 month. In addition, the average number of petals per plant of Turkish ginkgo harvested as cut flowers was 4.5 in the control section of the conventional nutrient solution soil cultivation device, whereas the nutrient solution soil of the present invention to which a silver ion aqueous solution was added was added. In the demonstration plot using the cultivation equipment, the average number of petals per plant increased to 5.7.

植物の養液土耕栽培における植物病発生防止のためにこれまで必要とされてきた消毒に代わって、0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下の低濃度の銀イオンを本発明の方法に従って伸長期の植物に与えることにより、消毒剤及び殺虫剤等の農薬の使用量を削減できるあるいは無使用化できる。これにより、植物の養液土耕栽培によって成立している産業をより安全で安心なものに転換し、さらには環境配慮型でかつ持続可能な産業に変えることに利用できる。また、養液土耕栽培における農薬使用量を減らすあるいは無くすことは、植物の栽培コストを低減できることから、植物の養液土耕栽培が関与する産業の収益性を増大することができ、かつ農薬散布等の省力化によるこれら産業の労働力削減に寄与できる。 The method of the present invention replaces the disinfection that has been required so far to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases in hydroponic cultivation of plants, and uses low-concentration silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less. By giving to plants in the growing stage according to the above, the amount of pesticides such as disinfectants and pesticides can be reduced or eliminated. As a result, it can be used to transform the industry established by hydroponic cultivation of plants into a safer and more secure industry, and further to an environment-friendly and sustainable industry. In addition, reducing or eliminating the amount of pesticides used in hydroponic cultivation can reduce the cost of plant cultivation, which can increase the profitability of industries involved in hydroponic cultivation of plants and pesticides. It can contribute to the reduction of labor in these industries by saving labor such as spraying.

0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下の低濃度の銀イオンを添加する本発明の養液土耕栽培装置は、農産物収穫量の増大と農業経営における増収をもたらすだけではなく、上記のように農薬使用によって繰り返されてきた農薬耐性の植物病原微生物や食害昆虫等の新規な出現を防止することにも効果的である。また、有機物を含む原料を発酵させて製造した栄養素溶液を養液土耕用栄養素溶液に使用することにより、さらにこの養液土耕栄養素液に銀イオンを添加する装置を付加することの効果を高めることができることから、養液土耕栽培の有機農業化にも利用可能である。 The hydroponic soil cultivation apparatus of the present invention to which a low concentration of silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less is added not only brings about an increase in the yield of agricultural products and an increase in sales in agricultural management, as described above. It is also effective in preventing the emergence of new pesticide-resistant phytopathogenic microorganisms and feeding insects that have been repeated due to the use of pesticides. In addition, by using a nutrient solution produced by fermenting a raw material containing organic substances as a nutrient solution for nutrient solution soil cultivation, the effect of adding a device for adding silver ions to this nutrient solution soil cultivation nutrient solution can be further enhanced. Since it can be increased, it can also be used for organic farming of hydroponic soil cultivation.

α養液土耕用原水(地下水等)
β原水供給ポンプ
γ原水フィルター
δ減圧弁
ε栄養素溶液タンク
ζ栄養素溶液供給ポンプ
η銀イオン含有活性化液タンク
θ銀イオン含有活性化液供給ポンプ
ι養液・活性化液混入装置
κ電磁弁
λ流量コントローラ(タイムシーケンサー)
μ養液土耕畝
Raw water for α nutrient solution soil cultivation (groundwater, etc.)
β raw water supply pump γ raw water filter δ pressure reducing valve ε nutrient solution tank ζ nutrient solution supply pump η silver ion-containing activation liquid tank θ silver ion-containing activation liquid supply pump ι nutrient solution / activation liquid mixing device κ electromagnetic valve λ flow rate Controller (time sequencer)
μ nutrient solution soil cultivation ridge

Claims (2)

植物を養液土耕によって栽培する装置において、使用する植物栄養成分を溶解した栄養素溶液を供給する設備に加えて、植物生育活性化成分として5mg/L以上の濃度で銀イオンを含有する水溶液を当該栄養素溶液に定量的に添加する設備を別に設け、当該栄養素溶液によって希釈された後の植物生育を活性化させる成分である銀イオンの濃度が0.0005mg/L以上0.025mg/L以下で含まれることを可能にする養液土耕用装置。 In the equipment for cultivating plants by hydroponic soil cultivation, in addition to the equipment that supplies the nutrient solution in which the plant nutrients to be used are dissolved, an aqueous solution containing silver ions at a concentration of 5 mg / L or more as a plant growth activating component is provided. A separate facility for quantitatively adding to the nutrient solution is provided, and the concentration of silver ion, which is a component that activates plant growth after being diluted with the nutrient solution, is 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less. Hydroponic soil cultivation equipment that allows to be included. 植物の養液土耕に供給する植物生育のための栄養成分を溶解した栄養素溶液が、有機物を含む原料を発酵させて製造した栄養素溶液であることを特徴とする請求項1及び請求項に記載の養液土耕用装置。 The first and the following claims, wherein the nutrient solution in which the nutrient component for plant growth to be supplied to the nutrient solution soil cultivation of the plant is dissolved is a nutrient solution produced by fermenting a raw material containing an organic substance. Nutrient solution soil cultivation equipment.
JP2020139646A 2020-08-20 2020-08-20 Nourishing solution soil culture device Pending JP2022035377A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6360905A (en) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-17 Yoshiaki Matsuo Growth promoting adjuvant water for cultivating plant such as field crop or the like
JP2004194649A (en) * 2002-10-23 2004-07-15 Toagosei Co Ltd Bactericide and fertilizer for hydroponic culture, and device for hydroponic culture by using the same
JP2005306639A (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-11-04 Kinki Pipe Giken Kk Liquid fertilizer
WO2006013646A1 (en) * 2004-08-03 2006-02-09 Centralsun Co.,Ltd. Spray water culturing method
JP2009082899A (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-23 Kanai Juyo Kogyo Co Ltd Filter element
JP2016158623A (en) * 2015-06-10 2016-09-05 株式会社タムロン Plant cultivation device, and plant factory
JP2017006073A (en) * 2015-06-24 2017-01-12 渡辺 武 Nutrient liquid and cultivation device for plants

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6360905A (en) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-17 Yoshiaki Matsuo Growth promoting adjuvant water for cultivating plant such as field crop or the like
JP2004194649A (en) * 2002-10-23 2004-07-15 Toagosei Co Ltd Bactericide and fertilizer for hydroponic culture, and device for hydroponic culture by using the same
JP2005306639A (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-11-04 Kinki Pipe Giken Kk Liquid fertilizer
WO2006013646A1 (en) * 2004-08-03 2006-02-09 Centralsun Co.,Ltd. Spray water culturing method
JP2009082899A (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-23 Kanai Juyo Kogyo Co Ltd Filter element
JP2016158623A (en) * 2015-06-10 2016-09-05 株式会社タムロン Plant cultivation device, and plant factory
JP2017006073A (en) * 2015-06-24 2017-01-12 渡辺 武 Nutrient liquid and cultivation device for plants

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