JP2021166992A - ガス状貯蔵システム、それを作成および使用する方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【解決手段】本明細書は、吸着剤モノリス、吸着剤モノリスを作製する方法、および本開示による吸着剤モノリスを含むガス状貯蔵システムに関連する。特に、吸着剤モノリスは吸着剤、結合剤、および足場材料を含む。
【選択図】図1
Description
本明細書は、2015年7月9日に出願された米国仮出願第62/190,509号の利益を主張するものである。上述の出願の内容全体が参照により本書に組み込まれる。
(実施例)
表1は、ココナッツ炭素を含む活性炭モノリスの硬度係数を例証するものである。すなわち、足場材料を含まないモノリスである。本明細書で使用される場合、「硬度係数」は、応力対歪みプロットの曲線の下の積分面積値である。硬度係数値(すなわち、硬度の値)は、活性炭モノリスの破砕前の、単位体積当たりの機械的変形のエネルギーに関連する。ココナッツ炭素は高硬度炭素であり、その一方、Nuchar(登録商標)SA−1500は非常に低硬度な炭素である。表1に示す通り、67.5重量% Nuchar(登録商標)SA−1500、22.5重量%ココナッツ活性炭、および10重量%結合剤(CMC)を含む活性炭モノリスは、10.1の硬度を持つ。対照的に、ココナッツ炭素を45重量%に増大させることで、活性炭モノリスの硬度の14.7への小さな増加につながる。
表2は、Nuchar(登録商標)SA−1500活性炭、結合剤(CMC)、および長さが1/4インチでデニールが6 pdfの2重量% 4DGポリエステル繊維(すなわち、足場材料)を含む活性炭モノリスの硬度係数を例証したものである。予想外なことに、15重量%結合剤(CMC)および83重量% Nuchar(登録商標)SA−1500を含む活性炭モノリスは、硬度17.3を示し、これは足場材料を含まない表1の活性炭モノリスよりも著しく強い。意外および予想外なことに、結合剤が12.5%に低下すると、硬度は29.2へと著しい増加を示した。硬度が4.6増大して14.7に達するためにココナッツ炭素の大幅な増加を必要とした表1とは対照的に、2%足場材料を含む結合剤の2.5重量%の低下が硬度の11.9の増大をもたらした。
図3は、75重量% Nuchar(登録商標)SA−1500−25重量%ココナッツ(GまたはH)の硬度を、本開示のいくつかの実施形態(サンプル2〜6)によるいくつかの模範的な活性炭モノリスと比較した、応力対歪みプロットのグラフである。すなわち、サンプル2〜6は、長さ1/4インチおよびデニール6 pdfの4DGポリエステル繊維を含む。図3は、足場材料を含めることで、ココナッツ炭素と比較して硬度が著しく向上することを示す。すなわち、サンプル2〜6の応力対歪みプロットの、Nuchar(登録商標)SA−1500−ココナッツモノリスと比較した右および上への移動によって分かる通り、足場材料を含む活性炭モノリスは破砕前に、実質的に大きな機械的変形に耐えることができ、これは実質的に大きな曲線下の積分面積を持つことによって示される。すなわち、足場材料は、ココナッツ炭素を含むまたは含まない足場材料を含まない活性炭モノリスと比較して、活性炭モノリスの硬度を著しく向上させる。
モノリス/部品は、吊るされた金網を持つ微量天秤が装備されたオーブン内で乾燥させた。重量データが2秒毎に回収された。部品は85.5% Nuchar(登録商標)SA 1500で作製された。足場材料またはマイクロスフェアを含む部品には、2重量%の足場材料(4DG)および12.5重量%の結合剤(CMC)が含まれた。足場またはマイクロスフェアを含まない部品には、14.5重量%結合剤(CMC)が含まれた。当初の湿った部品は直径4インチおよび厚さ3/4インチであった。部品は85℃(図4)または55℃(図5)のいずれかで乾燥させた。
部品は異なる配合組成および乾燥条件で生成された。表3は、それぞれの配合組成−乾燥条件の組み合わせの性能および構造的完全性を示す。本開示の活性炭モノリスは、取り扱い時にモノリスが分離(または破損)しない時、容認可能(または実行可能または良好または適切)な構造的完全性を持つものと見なされる。例えば、モノリスは、取り扱い時にモノリスの分離、粗砕、または破損をもたらさない限り、いくらかの亀裂を含みうる、および/または窪みのある表面を持ちうる。容認可能(または実行可能または良好または適切)な構造的完全性を持つ本開示のモノリスの例は、図8A、8B、8C、8D、8E、および8Fに示す。比較的大きな亀裂は、部品の取り扱いや運搬を損なわないが、活性炭の量の減少につながる。ところが、モノリスの少数の大きな亀裂に寄与する体積は比較的有意ではなく、従って、本開示のモノリスの能力に対して比較的有意ではない効果を持つ。
MWC = メタン作業容量、メタンガスの量(cm3)を容器の容積(cm3)で割ったもの。
およびNG Act. = 天然ガスの重量(グラム)をサンプル重量(キログラム)で割ったもの、または、
Meth Act. = メタンガスの重量(グラム)をサンプル重量(キログラム)で割ったもの
注記: メタン値は、モル質量の差のために、NGよりも低くなる(およそ3〜5%)
部品は異なる配合組成で生成され、下記の表4〜7に示す通り、各モノリス配合組成について、NG Act.およびMWCまたはNGWCを調べた。表は、モノリス形態中の吸着剤の重要性を示す。表4は、Nuchar(登録商標)RGC SA1500 炭素の使用を示すが、これは生産後の熱処理が高温でなされることを除きNuchar(登録商標)SA1500と類似したものである。追加的な熱処理によって、いくらかの孔が崩壊し、不可逆的な貯蔵をしやすい、より小さなサイズの孔ができる。より高い活性炭であるNuchar(登録商標)SA−1500の使用を可能にするために、ココナッツ活性炭がプロセス助剤として使用され、結果を表6に示す。ところが、ココナッツ活性炭は製品寿命にわたり、有害な効果を持つ。さらに、ココナッツ活性炭からのみ作製されたモノリスは、複数サイクルにわたって性能の著しい低下があることが観察された。モノリスは、強固で構造的に健全であるが、性能上、ガス吸着、例えば、天然ガス市場での使用が妨げられる。対照的に、表5は、ココナッツ活性炭または生産後の熱処理を追加することなく、Nuchar(登録商標)SA1500が使用された時の性能を示しており、性能は複数サイクルにわたり、より頑強である。足場材料の使用によって、Nuchar(登録商標)SA−1500活性炭のみを使用したモノリスの生成が可能になった。Nuchar(登録商標)SA−1500は、最も頑強なサイクリング性能を示し、乾燥後の構造的な健全さと無傷が保たれた。
吸着剤、結合剤、および足場材料を含む、多孔質ガス吸着剤モノリス。
20 容器
30 モノリシック炭素質物品
Claims (15)
- 多孔質ガス吸着剤モノリスであって、
吸着剤と、
結合剤と、
足場材料とを含む物品。 - 前記足場材料が天然繊維足場および合成繊維足場のうち少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1に記載の物品。
- 前記合成繊維足場がポリプロピレン繊維、ポリエステル繊維、および4DG繊維のうち少なくとも1つを含む、請求項2に記載の物品。
- 前記吸着剤が容積ベースで約0.3cc/ccまたはそれ以上の孔の容積(25Å未満)を含む、請求項1に記載の物品。
- 前記吸着剤が少なくとも77重量%の量で存在する、および/または前記結合剤が20重量%を超えない量で存在する、および/または前記足場材料が3重量%を超えない量で存在する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の物品。
- 前記物品が約110℃〜約250℃の範囲の乾燥温度を持つ、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の物品。
- 前記足場材料のガラス転移温度(Tg)が約200℃〜約270℃の範囲である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の物品。
- 多孔質ガス吸着剤モノリスを作製する方法であって、前記方法が、
吸着剤、結合剤、および足場材料を混和する工程と、
前記混和物を造形構造に圧縮する工程と、
前記圧縮混和物に熱をかける工程とを含む、方法。 - 請求項8の方法であって、
前記吸着剤が少なくとも77重量%の量で存在する、
前記結合剤が20重量%を超えない量で存在する、
前記足場材料が3重量%を超えない量で存在する、のうち少なくとも1つに該当する、方法。 - 前記足場材料が天然繊維足場および合成繊維足場のうち少なくとも1つを含む、請求項8または9に記載の物品。
- 前記合成繊維足場がポリプロピレン繊維、ポリエステル繊維、および4DG繊維のうち少なくとも1つを含む、請求項10に記載の物品。
- 前記混和物を圧縮する前記工程が、少なくとも1,250 psiの圧力をかける工程を含み、および/または前記金型の形状がプリズム、シリンダー、卵形プリズム、立方体、楕円形プリズム、長方形プリズム、五角形プリズムのうち少なくとも1つである、請求項8〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ガス状貯蔵システムであって、
容器と、
多孔質ガス吸着剤モノリスであって、
吸着剤と、
結合剤と、
足場材料とを含むものとを備える、システム。 - 請求項13に記載のシステムであって、
前記吸着剤が少なくとも77重量%の量で存在する、
前記結合剤が20重量%を超えない量で存在する、
前記足場材料が3重量%を超えない量で存在する、のうち少なくとも1つに該当する、システム。 - 前記足場材料が天然繊維足場および合成繊維足場のうち少なくとも1つを含む、請求項13または14に記載のシステム。
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2018
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EP3319792A4 (en) | 2019-01-23 |
CN107921729A (zh) | 2018-04-17 |
RU2020117132A (ru) | 2020-09-17 |
US20170007982A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
CN113967401A (zh) | 2022-01-25 |
JP2018522720A (ja) | 2018-08-16 |
BR112018000464A2 (pt) | 2018-09-11 |
US20180154333A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
BR112018000464B1 (pt) | 2022-02-15 |
RU2018111367A3 (ja) | 2019-12-23 |
MX2018000254A (es) | 2018-05-23 |
WO2017008003A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
EP3319792A1 (en) | 2018-05-16 |
RU2722839C2 (ru) | 2020-06-04 |
US10828620B2 (en) | 2020-11-10 |
CA2991704A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
JP6983751B2 (ja) | 2021-12-17 |
RU2018111367A (ru) | 2019-10-01 |
KR20180030611A (ko) | 2018-03-23 |
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