JP2021127787A - Heat storage and heat insulating structure - Google Patents
Heat storage and heat insulating structure Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229920006328 Styrofoam Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000008261 styrofoam Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
本発明は畜熱保温構造に係り、特にパテ材を使用した高機能で低コストな畜熱保温構造に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a heat storage heat insulation structure, and more particularly to a high-performance and low-cost heat storage heat insulation structure using a putty material.
電気温水器などの大型機器は屋外に設置されることが多いが、屋外では電気温水器が外気に晒されて温水の熱が奪われやすい。このため、電気温水器の周囲に発泡スチロール製の断熱カバーを接着剤で固定することが通常行われている。 Large-scale equipment such as electric water heaters are often installed outdoors, but outdoors, the electric water heaters are easily exposed to the outside air and the heat of the hot water is easily taken away. For this reason, it is common practice to fix a styrofoam heat insulating cover around the electric water heater with an adhesive.
しかし、発泡スチロール製の断熱カバーを製造するには発泡樹脂を射出成形する金型が必要であり、この金型は電気温水器の個々の複雑形状に対応した専用品になるため断熱カバーが高コスト化するという課題があった。また、断熱カバーの取り付けには接着剤の塗布など手間がかかるうえ、電気温水器と断熱カバーとの間には必然的に隙間ができてしまうので、この隙間に結露水が溜まって電気温水器が経時で腐食したり、カビが発生したりするといった課題もあった。 However, in order to manufacture a styrofoam heat insulating cover, a mold for injection molding foam resin is required, and this mold is a special product corresponding to each complicated shape of the electric water heater, so the heat insulating cover is expensive. There was a problem of becoming. In addition, it takes time and effort to attach the heat insulating cover, such as applying an adhesive, and a gap is inevitably created between the electric water heater and the heat insulating cover. Condensation water collects in this gap and the electric water heater However, there are also problems such as corrosion and mold formation over time.
一方、断熱カバーは熱の出入りを遮断する断熱性には優れているが、外部の熱を積極的に内側に取り込む作用はない。このため屋外において断熱カバーの外側に太陽熱が作用しても、この太陽熱は断熱カバーで遮断されるため電気温水器の保温にはまったく役に立っていない。 On the other hand, the heat insulating cover is excellent in heat insulating property that blocks the inflow and outflow of heat, but does not have the effect of actively taking in external heat inside. Therefore, even if the solar heat acts on the outside of the heat insulating cover outdoors, the solar heat is blocked by the heat insulating cover, which is not useful for keeping the heat of the electric water heater at all.
そこで本発明の目的は、発泡スチロール製の断熱カバーに代えて低コストなパテ材を電気温水器などの被保温体の周囲に塗布することで、太陽熱などの外部の熱を被保温体の保温に積極的に役立てることにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to apply a low-cost putty material around a heat-retaining body such as an electric water heater instead of a styrofoam heat insulating cover to heat external heat such as solar heat to the heat-retaining body. It is to be actively used.
前記課題を解決するため、本発明の畜熱保温構造は、被保温体の外側に塗布される白色パテ材による内層と、当該内層の外側に塗布される黒色パテ材による外層とを有することを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, the heat storage heat insulating structure of the present invention has an inner layer made of a white putty material applied to the outside of the heat insulating body and an outer layer made of a black putty material applied to the outside of the inner layer. It is a feature.
本発明の畜熱保温構造は、黒色パテ材による外層で太陽熱などの外部の熱を取り込んで蓄熱し、当該畜熱を外層に保持して内側の被保温体からの放熱を抑制すると共に、白色パテ材による内層で被保温体からの放熱を反射・抑制することで、被保温体を効果的に保温することができる。 In the heat storage structure of the present invention, the outer layer of the black putty material takes in and stores external heat such as solar heat, retains the heat storage in the outer layer, suppresses heat dissipation from the inner heat-retaining body, and is white. By reflecting and suppressing heat dissipation from the heat-retaining body with the inner layer of the putty material, the heat-retaining body can be effectively kept warm.
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を参照して説明する。図１Ａは本発明の実施形態に係る畜熱保温構造の断面図を示し、電気温水器などの被保温体Ａの表面に白色パテ材層Ｂによる内層が形成され、この内層の外側に黒色パテ材層Ｃによる外層が形成されている。内層と外層は吹付けにより塗布形成するのが最も簡単であるが、ヘラやスポンジローラなどを使用して塗布形成してもよいことは勿論である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A shows a cross-sectional view of a heat storage heat insulating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which an inner layer made of a white putty material layer B is formed on the surface of a heat insulating body A such as an electric water heater, and a black putty is formed on the outside of the inner layer. An outer layer is formed by the material layer C. It is easiest to apply and form the inner layer and outer layer by spraying, but it goes without saying that the inner layer and the outer layer may be applied and formed using a spatula or a sponge roller.
白色パテ材層Ｂと黒色パテ材層Ｃに使用するパテ材は次のようにして作る。まず粉末状の白色パテ材と黒色パテ材を規定量の水を入れた別々の容器に少しずつ散布・追加し、ハンドミキサー等で撹拌・混練しながら適度な粘度になるように水または粉末パテを加えて混練・調整する。白色パテ材には白色顔料、黒色パテ材には黒色顔料をそれぞれ適量混入する。 The putty material used for the white putty material layer B and the black putty material layer C is prepared as follows. First, sprinkle and add powdered white putty material and black putty material to separate containers containing a specified amount of water little by little, and stir and knead with a hand mixer etc. to obtain an appropriate viscosity of water or powder putty. Add and knead and adjust. An appropriate amount of white pigment is mixed into the white putty material, and an appropriate amount of black pigment is mixed into the black putty material.
白色パテ材と黒色パテ材には、ウレタン系マトリックス樹脂、アクリル系マトリックス樹脂又はエポキシ系マトリックス樹脂などを使用することができる。また白色顔料には酸化チタン等、黒色顔料にはカーボンブラック等を使用することができる。 As the white putty material and the black putty material, urethane-based matrix resin, acrylic-based matrix resin, epoxy-based matrix resin, or the like can be used. Further, titanium oxide or the like can be used as the white pigment, and carbon black or the like can be used as the black pigment.
白色顔料の混入量は、白色パテ材層Ｂの反射率が波長範囲７８０ｎｍ〜２５００ｎｍの太陽光近赤外領域で５０％以上、好ましくは６５％以上、より好ましくは８５％以上の高反射率が得られるように調整する。また黒色顔料の混入量は、黒色パテ材層Ｃの反射率が波長範囲７８０ｎｍ〜２５００ｎｍの太陽光近赤外領域で３０％以下、好ましくは２０％以下、より好ましくは１０％以下の低反射率が得られるように調整する。 The amount of the white pigment mixed has a high reflectance of 50% or more, preferably 65% or more, more preferably 85% or more in the solar near-infrared region where the reflectance of the white putty material layer B is in the wavelength range of 780 nm to 2500 nm. Adjust to obtain. The amount of the black pigment mixed is as low as 30% or less, preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 10% or less in the solar near-infrared region where the reflectance of the black putty material layer C is 780 nm to 2500 nm. Adjust so that
白色と黒色のパテ材を用意できたら、最初に白色パテ材をスプレーガンで被保温体Ａの表面に吹き付けて内層を形成する。内層がある程度乾いたら、今度は黒色パテ材を同じようにして内層の表面に吹き付けて外層を形成する。被保温体Ａと内層Ｂは密着し、また内層Ｂと外層Ｃも密着するのでこれらの間に隙間が発生しない。したがって、被保温体Ａを屋外に配置しても、被保温体Ａの周囲に結露やカビが発生したりすることがない。 After preparing the white and black putty materials, first, the white putty material is sprayed on the surface of the heat insulating body A with a spray gun to form an inner layer. Once the inner layer has dried to some extent, the black putty material is then sprayed onto the surface of the inner layer in the same way to form the outer layer. Since the heat-retaining body A and the inner layer B are in close contact with each other, and the inner layer B and the outer layer C are also in close contact with each other, no gap is generated between them. Therefore, even if the heat-retaining body A is arranged outdoors, dew condensation or mold does not occur around the heat-retaining body A.
図１Ｂは、図１Ａの内層Ｂと外層Ｃを入れ替えて、黒色パテ材層Ｃで内層を形成し、白色パテ材層Ｂで外層を形成した比較例１である。また図１Ｃは、被保温体Ａの外側に発泡スチロール層Ｄ（ＦＶ５０）による断熱カバーを装着した比較例２である。また図１Ｄは、被保温体Ａの外側に黒色パテ材層Ｅだけを形成した参考例である。黒色パテ材層Ｅの厚みは図１Ａの白色パテ材層Ｂと黒色パテ材層Ｃの合計厚みにしてある。 FIG. 1B is Comparative Example 1 in which the inner layer B and the outer layer C of FIG. 1A are exchanged, the inner layer is formed by the black putty material layer C, and the outer layer is formed by the white putty material layer B. Further, FIG. 1C is Comparative Example 2 in which a heat insulating cover made of a styrofoam layer D (FV50) is attached to the outside of the heat insulating body A. Further, FIG. 1D is a reference example in which only the black putty material layer E is formed on the outside of the heat insulating body A. The thickness of the black putty material layer E is the total thickness of the white putty material layer B and the black putty material layer C in FIG. 1A.
図２は畜熱保温効果を調べる実験装置の概略図である。図１Ａの畜熱保温構造を形成した矩形板状の被保温体Ａを基台Ｆの上に水平に配置し、黒色パテ材層Ｃの表面と白色パテ材層Ｂの裏面の温度を測定するためにサーモメータＴ１、Ｔ２（アンリツ製COMPACT THERMO ROGGER AM-8000K）を配置する。被保温体Ａの真上の高さＨ（５５ｃｍ）の位置に配置した赤外線ランプヒータＬ（東芝製ビームランプＭＸ，１１０ｖ，１５０Ｗ）で黒色パテ材層Ｃを１２０分間照射した。 FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an experimental device for examining the heat storage effect. The rectangular plate-shaped heat insulating body A having the heat-retaining structure of FIG. 1A is horizontally arranged on the base F, and the temperatures of the front surface of the black putty material layer C and the back surface of the white putty material layer B are measured. Therefore, thermometers T1 and T2 (COMPACT THERMO ROGGER AM-8000K made by Anritsu) are arranged. The black putty material layer C was irradiated for 120 minutes with an infrared lamp heater L (Toshiba beam lamp MX, 110v, 150W) arranged at a height H (55 cm) directly above the heat insulating body A.
図３ＡはサーモメータＴ１、Ｔ２で測定した温度の推移を示したものである。ＲＴは室温（２５℃±１℃）を示す。図３Ａに示すように、黒色パテ材層Ｃの表面温度は照射開始後２０分程度で５５℃を超え、その後、緩やかに７０℃近くまで上昇する一方、白色パテ材層Ｂの裏面温度は照射開始後２０分程度経過して上昇しはじめ、その後、緩やかに５０℃近くまで上昇する。白色パテ材層Ｂの温度上昇は、黒色パテ材層Ｃに畜熱された熱の一部が白色パテ材層Ｂに熱伝達したことによる。 FIG. 3A shows the transition of the temperature measured by the thermometers T1 and T2. RT indicates room temperature (25 ° C ± 1 ° C). As shown in FIG. 3A, the surface temperature of the black putty material layer C exceeds 55 ° C. about 20 minutes after the start of irradiation, and then gradually rises to nearly 70 ° C., while the back surface temperature of the white putty material layer B is irradiated. About 20 minutes after the start, the temperature starts to rise, and then gradually rises to nearly 50 ° C. The temperature rise of the white putty material layer B is due to the fact that a part of the heat stored in the black putty material layer C is transferred to the white putty material layer B.
このように白色パテ材層Ｂの裏面温度が５０℃近くまで上昇するので、被保温体Ａからの放熱を抑制することができ、また白色パテ材層Ｂで被保温体Ａから外側に向かう放熱を反射・抑制することもできるから、被保温体Ａを効果的に保温することができる。このように、本発明の畜熱保温構造によれば、太陽熱などの外部の熱を被保温体Ａの保温に積極的に役立てることができる。 Since the back surface temperature of the white putty material layer B rises to nearly 50 ° C. in this way, heat dissipation from the heat-retaining body A can be suppressed, and heat dissipation from the heat-retaining body A to the outside in the white putty material layer B can be suppressed. Can be reflected and suppressed, so that the heat-retaining body A can be effectively kept warm. As described above, according to the heat storage heat retention structure of the present invention, external heat such as solar heat can be positively utilized for heat retention of the heat insulating body A.
図３Ｂは白色パテ材層Ｂと黒色パテ材層Ｃを上下反対に入れ替えた比較例１の保温効果を示すグラフである。この図３Ｂから、白色パテ材層Ｂと黒色パテ材層Ｃとも照射開始後１０分以降はほとんど温度上昇がなく、白色パテ材層Ｂは約４０℃、黒色パテ材層Ｃは約３０℃で一定であることがわかる。つまり、赤外線ランプヒータＬの熱が白色パテ材層Ｂで大部分反射されるため、白色パテ材層Ｂの内側に熱が蓄積されないのである。これでは太陽熱などの外部の熱を被保温体Ａの保温に積極的に役立てることはできない。 FIG. 3B is a graph showing the heat retaining effect of Comparative Example 1 in which the white putty material layer B and the black putty material layer C are interchanged upside down. From FIG. 3B, the temperature of both the white putty material layer B and the black putty material layer C hardly rises after 10 minutes after the start of irradiation, the white putty material layer B is at about 40 ° C., and the black putty material layer C is at about 30 ° C. It turns out to be constant. That is, since most of the heat of the infrared lamp heater L is reflected by the white putty material layer B, the heat is not accumulated inside the white putty material layer B. In this case, external heat such as solar heat cannot be positively used for heat retention of the heat-retaining body A.
図３Ｃと図３Ｄは、厚さ５．０ｃｍと厚さ２．５ｃｍの発泡スチロール層Ｄ（ＦＶ５０）を図１Ｃのように被保温体Ａに装着した比較例２の保温効果を示すグラフであって、この比較例２でも図３Ｂとほぼ同じ結果になった。したがって、従来の発泡スチロール製の断熱カバーでは太陽熱などの外部の熱を被保温体Ａの保温に積極的に役立てることができないのである。 3C and 3D are graphs showing the heat retaining effect of Comparative Example 2 in which the expanded polystyrene layer D (FV50) having a thickness of 5.0 cm and a thickness of 2.5 cm was attached to the heat insulating body A as shown in FIG. 1C. In this Comparative Example 2, almost the same result as in FIG. 3B was obtained. Therefore, the conventional styrofoam heat insulating cover cannot positively utilize external heat such as solar heat to keep the heat-retaining body A warm.
なお、図１Ｄの参考例についてもサーモメータＴ１、Ｔ２で温度の推移を測定したが、黒色パテ材層Ｅの表面温度が図３Ａと同様に上昇するのに対して、黒色パテ材層Ｅの裏面温度は図３Ａの白色パテ材層Ｂの裏面温度（破線）の半分程度までしか上昇しなかった。また図１Ｄは黒色パテ材層Ｅの裏側に白色パテ材層がないので、被保温体Ａから外側に向かう放熱を反射・抑制することができず、被保温体Ａを効果的に保温することができない。したがって、黒色パテ材層Ｅの裏面温度が図３Ａの白色パテ材層Ｂの裏面温度と同等程度に上昇したとしても、被保温体Ａの保温効果は図１Ｄの参考例より図１Ａの実施形態の方が良好になる。 In the reference example of FIG. 1D, the temperature transition was measured with the thermometers T1 and T2, and the surface temperature of the black putty material layer E increased in the same manner as in FIG. 3A, whereas the black putty material layer E of the black putty material layer E. The back surface temperature rose only to about half of the back surface temperature (broken line) of the white putty material layer B in FIG. 3A. Further, in FIG. 1D, since there is no white putty material layer on the back side of the black putty material layer E, heat dissipation from the heat-retaining body A to the outside cannot be reflected / suppressed, and the heat-retaining body A can be effectively kept warm. I can't. Therefore, even if the back surface temperature of the black putty material layer E rises to the same level as the back surface temperature of the white putty material layer B of FIG. Is better.
以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は前記実施形態に限定されることなく種々の変形が可能である。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be modified in various ways.
Ａ：被保温体
Ｂ：白色パテ材層
Ｃ：黒色パテ材層
Ｄ：発泡スチロール層
Ｅ：黒色パテ材層
Ｆ：基台
Ｔ１，Ｔ２：サーモメータ
A: Heat-retaining body B: White putty material layer C: Black putty material layer D: Styrofoam layer E: Black putty material layer F: Base T1, T2: Thermometer
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| WO2015098739A1 (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-02 | Dic株式会社 | Heat storage sheet, heat storage laminate, and method for producing heat storage sheet |
| CN105312213A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-10 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司北京民用飞机技术研究中心 | Method for coating outer surface of civil airplane with thermosensitive material |
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